Dysbacteriosis of the vagina is expressed in violation of the normal vaginal microflora. This disease occurs in most of the fair sex. Moreover, in most cases, this disease manifests itself to a small extent, however, it can cause the development of a number of serious inflammatory diseases of the female genital area of ​​an infectious nature.

It is worth mentioning right away that several terms can be used to refer to vaginal dysbacteriosis. Vaginal dysbacteriosis or vaginal dysbacteriosis is considered the most accurate of the existing terms, since literally in translation it means a violation of the vaginal microflora. However, this term is rarely used. As a rule, this disease is called bacterial vaginosis, which also means a violation of the vaginal microflora. Meanwhile, many doctors define gardnerellosis as bacterial vaginosis, which is a special case of vaginal dysbacteriosis. As a result, when using this term, it is not always possible to be sure that it is vaginal dysbacteriosis that is meant.

In addition, quite often, any kind of manifestation of a violation of the vaginal microflora is considered "candidiasis" (thrush), which is completely unreasonable. Candidiasis, or thrush, is a manifestation of one type of microflora disorder, expressed in an increase in the number of fungi of the genus Candida, which happens extremely rarely. As a rule, women and many doctors call any vaginal discharge thrush, often without understanding the nature of their occurrence.

Causes of violation of the vaginal microflora.
Various factors can provoke the development of vaginal dysbacteriosis. Let's name the most common of them:

• The predominance of fungi of the genus Candida in the vagina, while dysbacteriosis will be called thrush.
• This can be either a single strong or frequent hypothermia of the female body, which reduces general and local immunity, which, of course, cannot but affect the vaginal microflora.
• Any hormonal changes or disruptions in the body, in particular: puberty, irregular sexual life, pregnancy and childbirth, menstrual irregularities, abortions, premenopausal period, menopause, etc.
• Change of climate zone.
• Constant stress.
• Promiscuous sexual relations with different partners, neglect of contraceptives.
• Any diseases of the pelvic organs of an infectious-inflammatory nature.
• Sexual infections (ureaplasmosis, trichomoniasis, chlamydia).
• Long-term or frequent treatment with antibiotics.
• Intestinal diseases, persistent problems with stools, intestinal dysbacteriosis.
• Incorrect use of tampons during menstruation. Not everyone knows that during menstrual bleeding when using tampons, they should be changed every two hours, even at night. This is not only inconvenient, but also contributes to the development of excellent conditions in the vagina for the growth of various infections. The use of sanitary pads will eliminate this problem.
• It could be gardnerella. In this case, the disease will be called gardnerellosis (bacterial vaginosis). This type of disease is most often asymptomatic. Only occasionally can it manifest itself as itching and copious vaginal discharge with an unpleasant fishy odor.
• Any microorganisms with pathogenic activity.

Of course, not always these factors can immediately cause bacterial vaginosis of the vagina, since the immune system is responsible for maintaining the microflora in a normal state, helping it to recover in case of a minor violation. But since there are a lot of factors that provoke the occurrence of bacterial vaginosis and they occur quite often, and the immune system cannot always cope with its task, the development of the disease in women still occurs.

The mechanism of the development of the disease.
Violation of the vaginal microflora occurs due to an imbalance of bacteria that live in the vagina. Normally, a woman's vagina contains about 90% of beneficial lactobacilli (the so-called Dederlein sticks), about 10% of bifidobacteria, and less than 1% of "key vaginal cells" (leptothrix, gardnerella, fungi of the genus Candida, mobilunkus and some other representatives). It is one of the representatives of the key cells that can become the causative agent of dysbacteriosis. In addition, they can be one of the sexual infections or any saprophytic pathogen (streptococcus, E. coli, Proteus, staphylococcus, etc.). In violation of the microflora of the vagina, there is a significant reduction in the number of beneficial bacteria and the predominance of pathogenic microflora.

Microorganisms inhabiting the vagina never behave hostile to the walls of the vagina, they do not allow a negative change in the ratio of beneficial organisms and pathogens. At the same time, the immune system provides active support. It is the immune system that helps to restore the normal microflora in case of minor violations. But this does not always happen, unfortunately.

Any pathogen that led to dysbacteriosis can provoke a serious complication in the form of vaginitis or colpitis (inflammation of the vagina). The occurrence of this complication occurs depending on the number and pathogenicity of the pathogen, as well as on how strong the immunity of the walls of the vagina is. Initially, protection copes with its task and prevents the progression of the disease and its complications. However, if timely and competent treatment is not taken, then inflammation in this situation is simply inevitable.

Symptoms of the development of the disease and its main complications.
As already noted, at first the disease is almost asymptomatic. The changes relate to the nature of vaginal discharge, but, as a rule, women do not pay special attention to this. Normally, a woman may experience slight transparent discharge without an unpleasant odor, there should not be any other kind of discharge, just as there should not be unpleasant sensations of dryness in the vagina during intimacy, pain, itching and burning in the vagina. As a rule, with vaginal dysbacteriosis, the amount of discharge increases sharply, while they may have a whitish or yellowish tint with an unpleasant odor resembling rotten fish. There are no other symptoms associated with this disease. Itching and burning, vaginal dryness indicate the duration of the disease and the lack of treatment, resulting in complications.

In general, this disease is chronic, accompanied by periods of exacerbations and remissions. In the absence of adequate therapy, constant infection of the uterus with bacteria from the vagina can lead to the development of inflammation of the mucous membrane of the uterus (endometritis) and its appendages (adnexitis). In addition, prolonged non-treatment can contribute to the development of vaginitis or colpitis, in which the discharge becomes purulent, there are pain and pain in the genitals, and not rarely, an increase in body temperature. Another complication of dysbacteriosis can be cervicitis - inflammation of the cervix, in which there are pains in the lower abdomen, and intimacy becomes very painful. In addition, with this disease, there is a constant infection of the urethra, which ultimately leads to the development of cystitis, the main symptoms of which are pain and burning during urination.

Bacterial vaginosis of the vagina during pregnancy.
Quite often, pregnancy causes an exacerbation of bacterial vaginosis. Since during this period the female body undergoes huge hormonal changes, immunity decreases, nutrition and lifestyle change, then discharge, itching or burning in the genitals, pain during sexual contact, etc. may appear or intensify against this background.

Since any drug therapy is generally contraindicated during pregnancy, it is not possible to obtain a full-fledged treatment. Any treatment of this disease, even if without the use of antibiotics, is always accompanied by immunocorrection, which is unacceptable during pregnancy. That is why local therapy is prescribed to eliminate the symptoms of this disease.

Taking antibiotics after childbirth can provoke dysbacteriosis, which also manifests itself in an increase in secretions, dryness, itching and burning, cramps. Treatment of this disease in women during breastfeeding is undesirable, therefore, local therapy is prescribed, which reduces to symptomatic treatment or, in other words, elimination of the manifestations of the disease. It includes sanitation of the vagina and antibacterial suppositories. Then, at the end of breastfeeding, if necessary, the treatment is repeated using other drugs.

Bacterial vaginosis and genital infections.
Sexual infections in any case are associated with a violation of the microflora of the vagina. The appearance of a sexual infection in the vagina shifts the pH, contributing to the occurrence of an inflammatory reaction and even greater progression of the disease.

Sexual infection is always associated with opportunistic microflora, so this must be taken into account in the treatment of STDs, since there may be a situation where antibiotic treatment completely kills the causative agent of STDs, while the number of opportunistic infections only grows.

The final step in the treatment of STDs in women should be the restoration of the vaginal microflora. In case of serious infections or the presence of several STDs, antibiotic therapy should be carried out and only then engaged in the restoration of the vaginal microflora. In simple cases, you can first carry out a comprehensive diagnosis of the entire urogenital microflora, and then engage in its restoration with the simultaneous elimination of sexual infection.

Bacterial vaginosis and intestinal diseases.
In the presence of severe intestinal dysbacteriosis, bacterial vaginosis should also be expected. This is due to the fact that the wall of the rectum is in close contact with the wall of the vagina, as a result of which bacteria easily pass through it. As a rule, one of the intestinal infections is sown from the vagina - E. coli, enterococci, etc.

In this case, the treatment is complex, since there is a high probability of relapse. In this case, the restoration of the normal microflora of the vagina is carried out with the simultaneous treatment of intestinal diseases.

Bacterial vaginosis of the vagina in girls.
This disease in girls who do not yet have an active sex life is very common, which is due to many factors: this is the instability of the hormonal background, the formation of the menstrual cycle, the anatomical features of the structure of the hymen.

Bacterial vaginosis in girls only in rare cases occurs with abundant discharge, since a small opening in the hymen prevents them from being completely removed from the vagina. Because of this, there is a stagnation of secretions in the vagina, which dramatically increases the risk of developing inflammatory diseases. Meanwhile, during the first intimacy, a large amount of bacteria is thrown from the vagina into the bladder, which can provoke the so-called "honeymoon cystitis".

The treatment of this disease in virgin girls is hampered by the structure of the hymen, which makes it impossible to treat the vagina with medicine as much as necessary. Therefore, sometimes doctors are forced to resort to an artificial violation of the integrity of the hymen (hymenectomy) in order to carry out optimal treatment.

Bacterial vaginosis and sexual partner.
The disturbed microflora of a woman during intimacy with a man does not affect his health in any way, even without the use of contraceptives. Very rarely, in cases of severe vaginal dysbacteriosis, a man may experience balanoposthitis and nonspecific urethritis. However, this happens if the man had a clear predisposition to these diseases. An absolutely healthy male body is not afraid of these inflammatory diseases. In a completely healthy body, they will not develop.

It is worth noting that no partner’s diseases affect the microflora of a woman’s vagina, except for sexually transmitted diseases. Treatment of disturbed microflora in a woman does not require mandatory treatment of the sexual partner, unless he has a sexual infection. Therefore, the survey must be passed and the sexual partner.

Diagnosis of the disease.
For an experienced specialist, the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis will not present any difficulty. In addition to visual examination, the diagnosis of this disease includes taking a general mask for the flora, PCR diagnosis of genital infections and sowing of vaginal discharge or a special study of the vaginal microflora. The smear shows the state of the microflora of the vagina and the vaginal wall, the degree of their disturbance and the severity of the inflammatory process, and the diagnosis of genital infections and sowing make it possible to determine the pathogens due to which the microflora was disturbed, and to identify the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics. The correct course of treatment cannot be drawn up from just one smear.

Treatment of bacterial vaginosis should be comprehensive and include three areas:

Suppression of bacteria.
If the violation of the microflora is associated with the presence of a sexual infection, then at first the treatment should be aimed at the complete elimination of the causative agent of the infection. In this case, the treatment consists in taking antibiotics while carrying out other activities. If there are no genital infections, then antibiotic therapy is optional. In this situation, either a short course of antibiotic therapy is used, about three to five days, or local application of antibiotics and antiseptics is used. Their action simultaneously performs all the tasks of treatment (suppression of pathogenic flora, the population of normal inhabitants of the vagina and local immunocorrection). And the use of antiseptics generally eliminates the possibility of bacterial immunity to them. To suppress pathogenic bacteria, antibiotics are most often prescribed (Amoxiclav, Sumamed, Doxacicline, Trichopolum, etc.), local antiseptics (Miramistin, Chlorhexidine), antibacterial suppositories (Terzhinan, Ginopevaril, etc.).

The population of the normal microflora of the vagina.
This item is the main one in the treatment of dysbacteriosis. The remaining activities are aimed at creating conditions for the engraftment and growth of normal flora. However, in practice, most doctors neglect this stage of treatment. For the population of the normal microflora of the vagina, massive doses of eubiotics (preparations with live bacteria) of general and local action are used. But the use of only eubiotics to restore microflora without suppressing pathogens is simply useless.

Restoration of immunity of the walls of the vagina.
Local immunocorrection should also be one of the stages in the treatment of dysbacteriosis, otherwise other measures taken will not have the expected effect. In simple situations, for immunocorrection, as a rule, they are limited to the use of local immunomodulators (Polyoxidonium, Cycloferon, Genferon, Immunal), as well as the intake of any probiotics with lactobacilli (Lactobacterin, Lineks, Narine, Normoflorina-b, etc. In addition, it is recommended to include in your diet as much as possible fermented milk products.In cases with neglect of the disease, restoring the immunity of the walls of the vagina will require the implementation of more complex measures.

According to traditional medicine, for the treatment of dysbacteriosis, douching with lemon juice diluted with water, lactic acid, as well as inserting tampons soaked in kefir into the vagina are effective. All this contributes to the creation of an acidic environment in the vagina, without which there can be no growth and vital activity of good lactobacilli.

Prevention of violations of the microflora of the vagina.
Those who have been treated for this disease should be examined every three months for a year. At the appointment, the patient talks about her condition, an examination is performed and, if necessary, tests are taken. If a tendency to a violation of the microflora is revealed, then a small preventive course of treatment is prescribed. Restoration of microflora at the initial stage of its violation is very easy.

If during the year no serious problems arise, then you can go to the doctor once every six months. This allows you to assess and identify the presence of a tendency to relapse and prevent the disease from developing again.

Dysbiosis, a violation of the vaginal microflora, affects every second woman. Often the disease is asymptomatic and eventually gives serious complications. By what signs can the disease be determined and how to restore the microflora of the vagina with medications.

In a healthy woman, the vaginal flora is 99% represented by lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, and only 1% by opportunistic microorganisms.

This percentage is considered normal, does not harm and does not provoke the development of any disease.

But the vulnerable and sensitive vaginal microflora is threatened by a large number of adverse external and internal factors. Under their influence, colonies of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms (fungi, gardnerella, streptococci, staphylococci, proteus, Escherichia coli, chlamydia) “displace” lactobacilli with bifidobacteria. A failure occurs, and dysbiosis develops with inflammation of the vagina - vaginitis. In a certain period of life, every woman faces this disease sooner or later.

When does this happen and how does it manifest itself? It all depends on how strong the pathogen is and how strong the woman's immune defense is during this period. The development of dysbiosis can provoke:

1. Hormonal changes during pregnancy. In a healthy woman, discharge may appear or increase. They are accompanied by itching and burning, pain during sexual intercourse. Antibacterial and immunocorrective drugs to restore the vaginal microflora during this period are not prescribed. Only local treatment is indicated and, if necessary, it is allowed to be carried out repeatedly.


2. General and sexual infectious diseases. Always accompanied by dysbiosis. Pathogenic microorganisms of sexual infection, together with opportunistic microflora, cause severe inflammation, which can be removed by special antibacterial drugs.


3. Restoration of the vaginal microflora after antibiotic treatment is necessary, because, in addition to pathogenic microorganisms, lacto- and bifidobacteria of the vagina die. Antibiotic treatment of common infectious diseases leads to the same result.


4. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with an imbalance of microflora. Anatomically, the walls of the rectum and vagina are located side by side. Proximity enables pathogenic microorganisms (E. coli, Enterococcus) to easily pass this barrier.

Dysbiosis can also develop from an unbalanced diet with a large amount of carbohydrate foods. Also, one of the common causes of dysbiosis is a violation of the basic rules of intimate hygiene.

The disease does not manifest itself with specific symptoms for a long time, and those women whose body could not cope on its own turn to the doctor. First, a woman has a white or grayish liquid discharge. After they acquire an intense yellow color with a thick consistency. In the acute period, a woman may complain of discomfort, moderate pain with itching and burning. If treatment has not been carried out, the disease becomes chronic, and exacerbation alternates with remission. The death of lactobacilli, and the excessive growth of opportunistic flora lead to serious consequences - an ascending infection of the uterus with appendages, urethritis, cystitis.

• the amount of discharge has become more than usual;


• discharge acquired an intense yellow color;


• the walls of the vagina have become “dry”, there is a feeling of constant discomfort during sexual intercourse;


• worried about dryness, itching and burning of the external genital organs;


• the discharge had an unpleasant, specific smell.

To make a diagnosis, a doctor after an examination will prescribe pH-metry, microscopy and smear bakposev, amine testing.

1. Elimination of pathogenic bacterial flora (antibacterial treatment).


2. Restoration of the vaginal flora.


3. Support for healthy microflora.

Of the antibacterial drugs, if the disease has developed against the background of infections, Sumamed, Trichopolum, Amoxiclav, Doxycycline, Metronidazole, Tibertal, Ornidazole are prescribed.

Tampons, baths, vaginal tablets, suppositories are included in the treatment to restore the vaginal microflora. The purpose of local procedures: to suppress pathogenic microflora, to normalize local immunity, to enable the normal amount of bifidus and lactobacilli to recover.

• Dalacin (in the form of a cream and vaginal suppositories) is an antibacterial drug with the main active ingredient clindamycin phosphate.


• Vaginal suppositories Flagyl with the main active ingredient metronidazole.


• Vaginal suppositories Hexicon (based on chlorhexidine).

At the second stage, to restore the flora, the local immunity of the vaginal walls is corrected. Prescribe tablets Immunal, Cycloferon.

To increase the amount of useful microflora of the vagina, drugs with strains of live acidophilic lactobacilli are prescribed: Normoflorin L, B, D (liquid concentrate), Acepol (capsules); candles Atsilakt, Laktonorm Kipferon, Bifidumbacterin.

One of the most popular and effective drugs for the treatment of vaginosis is Lactobacterin in tablets and powder for solution preparation.

Intravaginal treatment lasts 10 days, starting on the 10th day of the cycle. If menstrual flow begins, the drugs are not administered.

The normalization of the vaginal microflora will be faster if a diet with a sufficient amount of fresh, “live” fermented milk products is included in the treatment.

If flora in the form of Candida fungus predominates in vaginal dysbacteriosis, this is thrush, the most common type of disease.

Symptoms of candidiasis are bright: strong curdled discharge, burning with itching, pain when urinating, discomfort during sexual contact.

Thrush can develop for many reasons: hormonal disruptions, hypothermia, unbalanced nutrition, specific treatment (immunosuppressants, chemotherapy drugs). But most often it becomes a consequence of antibiotic treatment.

In gynecology, there are enough tools and techniques, but the restoration of microflora after thrush is a rather difficult task for two reasons. First: vaginal candidiasis often relapses. Second: women who self-medicate, ignorance and the wrong choice of the drug only exacerbate the situation.

1. Normalize the functioning of the immune system.


2. Eliminate local manifestations.


3. Use systemic therapy to prevent relapse.

The Candida fungus is one of the many representatives of the normal human microflora. Therefore, the task of treatment is not to kill, but to limit and control its reproduction.

The restorative course of treatment includes local preparations (suppositories), systemic drugs (tablets, capsules). After severe candidiasis, injectable preparations are indicated.

• Antifungal therapy with drugs based on clotrimazole (Kanesten), iconazole (Gynotravogen), miconazole (Klion-D).


• Antimicrobial therapy with drugs with natamycin, nystatin, levorin.

After treatment of thrush, suppositories, vaginal tablets, ointments and solutions topically are shown to restore microflora.

In order for drug treatment to give a good result and the microflora of the mucous membranes to recover, it is necessary to eliminate or reduce the influence of a number of factors: give up bad habits, use antibacterial and hormonal drugs reasonably and for medical purposes, eat rationally, strictly observe hygiene.

Only if all conditions are met, the treatment of dysbiosis will give a positive result and prevent relapse.

Depositphotos/imagepointfr

According to statistics, every second woman at least once encountered a violation of the well-coordinated work of microbiota, which serve as beneficial microorganisms that make up the microflora of the vaginal environment. This disease is called vaginal dysbiosis.

The treacherous ailment does not cause obvious anxiety in the patient and does not have pronounced symptoms. Without giving any signs, dysbiosis can cause serious disturbances in the functioning of the entire reproductive system. A study of the causes of occurrence, based on clinical signs, will help to choose the appropriate method for the treatment of vaginal microflora.

Violation of the flora in women causes

There can be a lot of reasons for dysbacteriosis in gynecology. These include:

• a decrease in the general immunity of the body as a result of freezing adversely affects the vaginal flora;
• infections that are sexually transmitted;
• a sharp change in climate often serves as a factor in the acute phase of dysbiosis;
• prolonged or uncontrolled use of antibiotics;
• non-compliance with the rules for using tampons during menstruation, their inaccurate introduction and non-systematic replacement form a favorable environment for anaerobic dysbiosis in women;
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• disruptions in the hormonal sphere due to irregular sex life or irregularities in the menstrual cycle, any trimester of gestation and postpartum recovery, abortion, menopause;
• various infectious and inflammatory processes in the pelvis;
• antibiotic therapy;
• violations of the rules of personal hygiene.

All these factors are not always defined as the root cause in the occurrence of genital dysbacteriosis. In the case when the immune system has strong antiviral characteristics, nothing threatens the health of the microflora, and as soon as any deviations from the norm appear, the forces of a strong organism freely lead to the normalization of the condition. But when a woman is constantly exposed to the factors described above (freezing or not treating the intestines), then the vaginal flora can be destroyed and a new problem arises how to restore the vaginal microflora.

Signs of vaginal dysbacteriosis

Asymptomatic course of dysbacteriosis is the norm. But still, there are clear indicators that you should pay attention to, for example, a change in the amount or composition of the released secret from the vagina. Often, women do not pay special attention to this indicator, which is their mistake. Here are some more signs that should alert and set a woman to visit a doctor:

• there was an unpleasant smell in the discharge;
• a significant increase in the quantitative indicator of vaginal secretions and a pronounced yellow color;
• increased dryness, which is manifested by unpleasant sensations during urination, or during sexual intercourse.

Other obvious indicators, such an ailment is not characterized. In the case when additional symptoms are added to the set described above, this indicates the beginning of an inflammatory or infectious process. These include:

• burning in the perineum;
• problems with urination;
• itching of the outer genital area and vagina;
• increased dryness of the vagina.

Not treating the ongoing clinic of the disease leads to such serious consequences:

• endometritis, which begins as a result of infection of the uterine body;
• urethritis and cystitis are a projection of a malfunction in the genitourinary system;
• adnexitis, provoked by infection of the uterine appendages - tubes and ovaries.

It is better to seek help from a specialist at the first symptoms than to reap the bitter fruits of an irresponsible attitude towards women's health.

How to normalize the microflora in women

The topic of how to restore the microflora of the vagina is quite relevant, because the female flora is easily amenable to imbalance, which leads to such consequences. A special recovery program has been developed, which consists of three stages:

1. Getting rid of the painful microbiota that caused vaginal dysbiosis.
2. Regeneration of the microflora of the vaginal mucosa.
3. Raising the level of immune protection of the vaginal walls, to further maintain a healthy microflora.

Now more about all the stages. The treatment of the disease directly depends on the elimination of the root cause, which provoked such a pathological process. We have already discussed the possible reasons.

First of all, it is necessary to pass tests, while both partners must undergo a clinical study. This is one of the necessary measures to identify the main cause of dysbacteriosis. If the main factor is a disease that is sexually transmitted, both infected partners will be treated.

The infection, which has become a decisive factor, must be eliminated, and as a result, dysbacteriosis will recede. Most likely, a course of antibiotic therapy will be prescribed. The following drugs are considered the most effective: Flagyl, Amoxicillin, Summed, Unidox Solutab, etc.

In case of not detecting a sexual infection, taking antibiotics is not a necessary measure; a short five-day course can be chosen.

After that, the doctor prescribes topical procedures that are most effective. At home, medicinal tampons are introduced and special baths are made. Such an integrated approach will help not only suppress the pathogenic focus in the microflora, but also restore its health by raising immunity. In this case, it will be appropriate to use drugs of the antiseptic group.

After identifying and eliminating the cause of the dysfunction of the vaginal microflora, the time comes for the regeneration of the natural flora.

How to restore the microflora of the vagina

First of all, it is worthwhile to understand that this stage consists exclusively of immunomodulatory drugs. The consequence of the failures in the indicators of the flora is an underestimation of the immunity of the mucous walls of the vagina. It is this part of the female reproductive system that is responsible for regulating the microflora of the vagina. It turns out that the regenerative reconstruction of the immune characteristics of the walls of the vagina, have one of the most significant roles in all therapy.

Diseases that do not have complications are easily amenable to the therapeutic effect of immunomodulatory drugs. The launched version requires a complex layout of various circuits. In most cases, the therapeutic course starts with taking immunostimulants, and then antibiotic therapy is connected.

Restoring microflora after thrush is also not an easy task. This disease, in most of the diagnosed cases, is a consequence of taking strong antibiotics, including the uncontrolled or frequent use of such drugs. After thrush, you will also have to undergo a course of antibiotics, then treatment for their consequences, and finally, rehabilitation therapy.

The course of treatment lasts from 3 to 4 weeks. Then the patient is examined and control laboratory tests are done to make sure that the treatment is correct. Good results give a reason to stop treatment. It remains to follow preventive measures in maintaining a healthy balance of microflora.

Preparations for the normalization of the microflora of the vagina

The pharmacy market is filled with many quality drugs that are used in the treatment of such a problem. It is worth remembering one thing that only a specialist will be able to choose the right therapy, because the treatment of this disease is not limited to taking one drug, and it is unlikely that it will be possible to draw up a comprehensive drug approach on your own.

Candles to improve the microflora of the vagina that contain lactobacilli have proven their effectiveness. The thing is that the infection affects the surface cells of the epithelium of the vaginal mucosa, as a result of which they die and are rejected, so there is simply nothing for the beneficial microbiota to cling to, and after a week they die. Standard probiotics will not give the expected result. This is where dual action drugs come into play. They build up the epithelial layer and at the same time populate it with vital bacteria. In this way, the restoration of microflora occurs.

The most effective are such tablet preparations: Ecomfemin Floravag, Folio, Gynoflor E. After completing the course, it is expected 7 days and if the symptoms do not recur, then the doctor prescribes Bifidumbacterin suppositories. They will help balance the pH of the vaginal environment, which is an integral part of the recovery process of healthy microflora. Duration of application - 10 days.

Good results were shown by the drug "Tantum Rose". It is produced in powder form. Based on it, a solution for vaginal use is prepared.

Oral preparations can also be prescribed, for example, Normoflorin-B and L. For one month, sachets are taken in the morning and evening.

A prerequisite for treatment is diet. Fatty and smoked foods, as well as sweets and carbonated drinks are excluded from the diet. Sour-milk products are introduced, it is they that enhance the effect of suppositories and probiotics.

The results of bacteriological culture will be able to provide reliable information about the correctness of the treatment.

Traditional medicine

There are also methods of alternative medicine, which are also designed to restore the flora of the vagina. But you should not make a decision on your own, first consult with your doctor. The doctor will be able to tell you about the effectiveness or, conversely, the futility of the measures taken. Some of the most popular ways that traditional medicine offers:

1. Tampons with sea buckthorn oil. A tampon soaked in oil is inserted at night and removed in the morning. This method is very effective, because sea buckthorn concentrate has a pronounced bactericidal and wound healing effect. The treatment course lasts at least 10 days.
2. Cotton swabs with an acidic environment and honey panacea. After melting 1 tbsp. honey, moisten a cotton-gauze swab in the prepared solution. The next day, a swab with kefir liquid is introduced. The method is suitable only for people who do not have allergic reactions to honey. The course of treatment is 10 days.
3. A douche from a decoction of a string. The prepared decoction of the string, filter and cool. Apply it warm for daily douching. The course of treatment is unlimited - until all symptoms are eliminated.

Any folk method can be repeated after a break of 7 days. Menstruation is a contraindication for procedures.

The microflora of the vagina is a set of bacteria present in every woman on the mucous membrane of the internal genital organs. Normally, the number of beneficial microorganisms is 6-8 x 104 CFU / ml. Gynecologists distinguish four degrees of vaginal purity, each of which directly indicates the quantitative and qualitative composition of microorganisms, that is, it depends on the presence or absence of certain bacteria.

Norm and pathology

The first degree of purity indicates the acid reaction of the environment, where the vast majority of microorganisms are lactobacilli. This is the normal microflora of the vagina in an adult woman.

The second degree is set with a slightly acid reaction of the medium and a small number of lactobacilli. In this case, coccal microorganisms are observed - streptococci, staphylococci and the like.

The third degree means a neutral or weak alkaline environment, single lactobacilli and a large number of leukocytes are observed.

The last, fourth degree, is determined by a pronounced alkaline reaction and the absence of lactobacilli. The microflora is represented by cocci, as well as pathogenic microorganisms and an abnormally large number of leukocytes.

The third and fourth stages are a pronounced violation of the vaginal microflora. With these indicators of purity, inflammation or infections are most often diagnosed. If you feel discomfort, observe atypical discharge from the genitals, which is accompanied by a sharp and extremely unpleasant odor, you should immediately consult a doctor. Improvement, restoration of the vaginal microflora is most easily carried out in the initial stages of the disease (for example, vaginitis or vaginosis), and more difficult in "advanced" cases. At the same time, self-medication is not recommended. All medications: suppositories, vaginal tablets, applications or other dosage form should be selected by a doctor. The basis for prescribing drugs are the results of the swab taken.

Below are the means, preparations for the microflora of the vagina. Please note that the information provided is for informational purposes only.

Restoring balance with medication

There are many factors that affect the state of the microflora of the vagina. Among them, malnutrition with an abundance of carbohydrates, hormonal disorders, hypothermia and stress, improper use of personal hygiene products, in particular tampons, as well as promiscuous sex life, are distinguished. And if the doctor has determined a violation of the bacterial balance, it must be restored without unnecessary delay.
To normalize the microflora of the vagina, the following drugs are used: Vaginorm S, Linex, Gynoflor E, Ecofemin, Vagilak, Laktozhinal. Also popular are candles for the microflora of the vagina - "Bifidumbacterin", "Lactobacterin" or "Acilact". If you have been diagnosed with candidiasis, otherwise - "thrush", you must first cure the disease, and then restore the microflora of the vagina. With the fungus "Candida" medicines "Diflucan", "Pimafucin" or "Livarol" do well.

It should be noted that the listed drugs have very mixed reviews of patients. This is due to the characteristics of the female body, age, as well as the stage of the disease. So, most of the individual drugs do not cope with "neglected" cases that require complex therapy. Therefore, do not rush to diagnose yourself, based on your own experience or the advice of friends. Adequate treatment of vaginal dysbacteriosis and recommendations you should get from your doctor.

A huge number of microbes and bacteria live in the human body. They inhabit the skin, mucous membranes, intestines, in women - the organs of the reproductive system, the vagina. They are useful and pathogenic, being in balance. Treatment is prescribed from pathogenic microorganisms, after which suppositories are used to restore the microflora of the vagina.

For various reasons, it happens that the balance is disturbed, the number of pathological organisms increases, a complex biological system fails. If the vaginal microflora is disturbed, vaginal dysbacteriosis or dysbiosis occurs, when it is necessary to take measures to restore the microflora.

The healthy microflora of the vagina contains the majority (90%) of lactobacilli and about 9% of bifilobacteria. Opportunistic pathogens occupy the rest of the flora. They are called conditionally pathogenic because their number increases under certain conditions.

Such a small number (about 1%) rarely causes female diseases, since lacto - and bifidobacteria successfully fight them, especially with healthy immunity. But with a decrease in the number of beneficial bacteria, there is an increase in harmful fungus, chlamydia, streptococcus, gardnerella and others, in which the microflora is disturbed.

Provoking factors of microflora imbalance are:

• anatomical features of the female reproductive system;
• hypothermia, reducing immunity;
• altered hormonal levels - during pregnancy, menopause, after an abortion, childbirth, menstrual irregularities;
• climate change;
• stress;
• change of sexual partners without protection;
• inflammation, infections of the reproductive and urinary systems;
• condition after treatment of female diseases;
• taking antibiotics;
• bowel infections;
• improper use of tampons;
• non-compliance with intimate hygiene.

At the initial stage of the disease, signs are not always possible to determine, they may simply be absent. As the disease progresses, you may experience:

• discharge of a different nature and color - white, yellow, greenish, having a different density, curdled;
• the smell of secretions;
• discomfort in the groin;
• dryness of the vagina during sex;
• pain and itching in the labia;
• itching and burning when urinating.

The symptoms themselves are not dangerous, but the infection can affect the cervix and progress further, affecting the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. Symptoms should be alarming, be a reason for contacting a antenatal clinic.

How to eliminate dysbacteriosis

It is necessary to restore the microflora due to the anatomical features of the structure of the female genital organs. Closely located urinary tract, intestines contribute to the penetration of their infection into the vagina. If the number of beneficial bacteria is normal, they fight against the foreign environment, suppressing it.

Treatment to restore the flora of the vagina is divided into three stages:

1. Elimination of the cause of the disease, the fight against the virus or fungus that caused the disease;
2. Strengthening immunity;
3. Restoration of the lost microflora of the vagina.

After you have cured the underlying disease, strengthened the immune system, you need to restore the normal healthy environment of the genital organs. For this purpose, suppositories are suitable to restore the microflora of the vagina.

Vaginal suppositories are probiotics, used after drug treatment, after thrush, after to regenerate the walls of the vagina. It is necessary to restore the walls of the vagina, since with any infection of the genital tract, as well as its treatment, the epithelium of the vagina dies off. Vaginal suppositories help restore the epithelium.

Preparations to improve the microflora of the vagina

The principle of operation of vaginal suppositories with lactobacilli is simple: it consists in increasing the number of beneficial lactobacteria and bifilobacteria. They restore the acid-base level to pH 3.5-4.5. The acid produced by lactobacilli, as well as the excipients of suppositories, help fight harmful vaginal microorganisms.

Vaginal suppositories with bifidobacteria have an anti-inflammatory effect, improve immunity. As a result, the development of a pathogenic environment that accidentally entered from the outside does not occur, its reproduction will be stopped by our beneficial bacteria.

It is good if the drug contains lacto- and bifidobacteria together, in this case their complex interaction will accelerate the effect of treatment.

Vagikak (Vagikal, Laktogin)

In a gentle way, it acts on the walls of the vagina, suppresses pathogenic microorganisms, and prevents their development and growth. The composition includes calendula flowers, it is a natural remedy for inflammation. Candles are an antioxidant, perfectly heal, restore the cellular epithelium of the vagina. The course of treatment is 10 days.

Bifidumbacterin

Gynoflor

To restore the microflora, they contain lactobacilli, they also contain the hormone estriol and lactose. Estriol helps to restore the tissues of the vaginal epithelium, and lactose helps beneficial microorganisms to actively multiply. The drug is harmless, it should be used within 7 days, if necessary, the course can be increased to two weeks. After two weeks, the course of treatment can be repeated.

Lactoginal

Suppositories to improve the flora of the vagina. Administer while lying on the bed at bedtime. Often used after. Apply 1 suppository in the morning and evening for 7 days, or 1 suppository at night for 14 days.

Vaginorm S

Contains ascorbic acid, inhibits the growth of microbes, normalizes the pH of the vagina. The course is 7 days, suppositories must be administered at night, this is done for 6 days, if necessary, can be extended up to two months.

Kipferon

Vaginal and rectal suppositories, a complex preparation, increases the immune cells of the vagina and intestines, restores the vaginal and intestinal environment. Treatment is 10 days, for a complete cure, 2-3 courses are needed, smears for microflora are taken in between.

Suppositories for topical use, the best suppositories for women who are very fond of prescribing in gynecology. No side effects, highly effective.

Acylact

Candles can be used in antibiotic treatment, they interact well with other drugs.

All vaginal suppositories containing lactobacilli and bifidobacteria are recommended to be used after antibiotic therapy, since beneficial acidophilus bacteria can be destroyed by other drugs. Read the instructions carefully.

When not to use candles

Despite the fact that candles for the treatment of flora are used very often in gynecology, they are not dangerous, it is better to consult a doctor before use. Suppositories themselves do not have side effects, but the body of any woman has individual characteristics. When candles are not used:

• with increased sensitivity to the substances of the drug;
• with cancer of the uterus, vagina, ovaries or suspicion of them;
• with a diagnosis of endomitriosis;
• with uterine bleeding of various origins;
• with untreated endometrial hyperplasia;
• girls who have not yet begun a sexual life.

Some may develop an allergy when used, which will also have to be treated. With intolerance to the components of the suppositories, the amount of discharge may increase, itching, burning in the area of ​​the labia may be observed.

What are vaginal discharges and how to choose the right treatment for this tells in detail at your webinar gynecologist Irina Viktorovna Zhgareva. Anyone can listen to and watch a lecture by a certified doctor with experience without leaving home.

Sometimes it makes sense to carry out preventive treatment at least once a year, then the risk of genital infection is reduced to zero. Your life, including sexual life, will change for the better because at least one problem will become less.