The main ingredient in ibuprofen. What is ibuprofen and what does it help with?

In this article, you can read the instructions for using the drug Ibuprofen. Reviews of site visitors - consumers of this medicine, as well as opinions of doctors of specialists on the use of Ibuprofen in their practice are presented. A big request to actively add your reviews about the drug: did the medicine help or not help get rid of the disease, what complications and side effects were observed, perhaps not declared by the manufacturer in the annotation. Ibuprofen analogues in the presence of existing structural analogues. Use for the treatment of inflammation and fever, as well as pain relief in adults, children, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.

Ibuprofen- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, a derivative of phenylpropionic acid. It has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects.

The mechanism of action is associated with the inhibition of the activity of COX, the main enzyme of the metabolism of arachidonic acid, which is a precursor of prostaglandins, which play a major role in the pathogenesis of inflammation, pain and fever. The analgesic effect is due to both peripheral (indirectly, through the suppression of prostaglandin synthesis) and the central mechanism (due to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis in the central and peripheral nervous system). Suppresses platelet aggregation.

When applied externally, it has an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. Reduces morning stiffness, increases the range of motion in the joints.

Pharmacokinetics

When taken orally, ibuprofen is almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Simultaneous ingestion of food slows down the rate of absorption. Metabolized in the liver (90%). 80% of the dose is excreted in the urine mainly as metabolites (70%), 10% - unchanged; 20% is excreted through the intestines as metabolites.

Indications

inflammatory diseases of the joints and spine (including rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, gouty arthritis);
moderate pain syndrome of various etiologies (including headache, migraine, toothache, neuralgia, myalgia, postoperative pain, post-traumatic pain, primary algomenorrhea);
febrile syndrome with "colds" and infectious diseases;
is intended for symptomatic therapy, reducing pain and inflammation at the time of use, does not affect the progression of the disease.

Release form

Film-coated tablets 200 mg and 400 mg.

Candles for rectal use for children 60 mg.

Gel for external use 5%.

Ointment for external use 5%.

Syrup or suspension for oral administration.

Effervescent tablets Ibuprofen - Hemofarm.

Instructions for use and dosage

Ibuprofen is prescribed for adults and children over 12 years old orally, in tablets of 200 mg 3-4 times a day. To achieve a rapid therapeutic effect, the dose may be increased to 400 mg (2 tablets) 3 times a day. When the therapeutic effect is achieved, the daily dose of the drug is reduced to 600-800 mg. The morning dose is taken before meals with a sufficient amount of water (for faster absorption of the drug). The remaining doses are taken throughout the day after meals.

The maximum daily dose is 1200 mg (do not exceed 6 tablets in 24 hours). Take a second dose no more than 4 hours later. The duration of the drug without consulting a doctor is no more than 5 days.

Do not use in children under 12 years of age without medical advice.

Children from 6 to 12 years old: 1 tablet no more than 4 times a day; the drug can only be used if the child weighs more than 20 kg. The interval between taking tablets is at least 6 hours (daily dose is not more than 30 mg / kg).

Externally applied for 2-3 weeks.

The maximum daily dose for adults when taken orally or rectally is 2.4 g.

Side effect

NSAID gastropathy (abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, heartburn, loss of appetite, diarrhea, flatulence, constipation; rarely, ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa, which in some cases is complicated by perforation and bleeding);
irritation or dryness of the oral mucosa;
pain in the mouth;
ulceration of the gum mucosa;
dyspnea;
bronchospasm;
hearing impairment: hearing loss, ringing or noise in the ears;
visual disturbances: toxic damage to the optic nerve, blurred vision or double vision
dryness and irritation of the eyes;
swelling of the conjunctiva and eyelids (allergic genesis);
headache;
dizziness;
insomnia;
anxiety;
nervousness and irritability;
psychomotor agitation;
drowsiness;
depression;
confusion;
hallucinations;
heart failure;
tachycardia;
increased blood pressure;
allergic nephritis;
skin rash (usually erythematous or urticaria);
skin itching;
angioedema;
anaphylactoid reactions;
anaphylactic shock;
fever;
allergic rhinitis;
anemia (including hemolytic, aplastic);
thrombocytopenia and thrombocytopenic purpura;
agranulocytosis;
leukopenia;
increased sweating.

Laboratory indicators:

bleeding time (may increase);
serum glucose concentration (may decrease);
creatinine clearance (may decrease);
hematocrit or hemoglobin (may decrease);
serum creatinine concentration (may increase);
activity of "liver" transaminases (may increase).

Contraindications

hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients that make up the drug. Hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid or other NSAIDs, incl. anamnestic data on an attack of bronchial obstruction, rhinitis, urticaria after taking acetylsalicylic acid or other NSAIDs; complete or incomplete syndrome of acetylsalicylic acid intolerance (rhinosinusitis, urticaria, polyps of the nasal mucosa, bronchial asthma);
erosive and ulcerative diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in the acute stage (including peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis);
inflammatory bowel disease;
hemophilia and other blood clotting disorders (including hypocoagulation), hemorrhagic diathesis;
the period after coronary artery bypass grafting;
gastrointestinal bleeding and intracranial hemorrhage;
severe liver failure or active liver disease;
progressive kidney disease;
severe renal failure with creatinine clearance less than 30 ml / min, confirmed hyperkalemia;
pregnancy;
children's age up to 6 years.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

Contraindicated in pregnancy. Use with caution during lactation.

special instructions

Treatment with the drug should be carried out in the minimum effective dose, the minimum possible short course. During long-term treatment, it is necessary to control the picture of peripheral blood and the functional state of the liver and kidneys. When symptoms of gastropathy appear, careful monitoring is indicated, including esophagogastroduodenoscopy, complete blood count (hemoglobin determination), fecal occult blood analysis.

If it is necessary to determine 17-ketosteroids, the drug should be discontinued 48 hours before the study.

Patients should refrain from all activities that require increased attention, rapid mental and motor reactions. During treatment, it is not recommended to take ethanol (alcohol).

drug interaction

The simultaneous use of ibuprofen with acetylsalicylic acid and other NSAIDs is not recommended. With the simultaneous appointment of ibuprofen reduces the anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet effect of acetylsalicylic acid (it is possible to increase the incidence of acute coronary insufficiency in patients receiving low doses of acetylsalicylic acid as an antiplatelet agent after starting ibuprofen). When administered with anticoagulant and thrombolytic drugs (alteplase, streptokinase, urokinase), the risk of bleeding increases at the same time. Simultaneous use with serotonin reuptake inhibitors (citalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline) increases the risk of serious gastrointestinal bleeding.

Cefamandol, cefoperazone, cefotetan, valproic acid, plicamycin, increase the incidence of hypoprothrombinemia. Cyclosporine and gold preparations enhance the effect of ibuprofen on the synthesis of prostaglandins in the kidneys, which is manifested by an increase in nephrotoxicity. Ibuprofen increases the plasma concentration of cyclosporine and the likelihood of developing its hepatotoxic effects. Drugs that block tubular secretion reduce excretion and increase the plasma concentration of ibuprofen. Microsomal oxidation inducers (phenytoin, ethanol (alcohol), barbiturates, rifampicin, phenylbutazone, tricyclic antidepressants) increase the production of hydroxylated active metabolites, increasing the risk of severe intoxication. Microsomal oxidation inhibitors - reduce the risk of hepatotoxicity. Reduces the hypotensive activity of vasodilators, natriuretic and diuretic activity in furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide. Reduces the effectiveness of uricosuric drugs, enhances the effect of indirect anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, fibrinolytics (increased risk of hemorrhagic disorders), enhances the ulcerogenic effect with bleeding of mineralocorticosteroids, glucocorticosteroids, colchicine, estrogens, ethanol (alcohol). Enhances the effect of oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin, sulfonylurea derivatives. Antacids and cholestyramine reduce absorption. Increases the concentration in the blood of digoxin, lithium preparations, methotrexate. Caffeine enhances the analgesic effect.

Analogues of the drug Ibuprofen

Structural analogues for the active substance:

Advil;
ArtroKam;
Bonifen;
Brufen;
Brufen retard;
Burana;
Deblock;
Children's Motrin;
Long;
Ibuprom;
Ibuprom Max;
Ibuprom Sprint Caps;
Ibuprofen Lannacher;
Ibuprofen Nycomed;
Ibuprofen-Verte;
Ibuprofen-Hemofarm;
Ibusan;
Ibutop gel;
Ibufen;
Iprene;
MIG 200;
MIG 400;
Nurofen;
Nurofen for children;
Nurofen Period;
Nurofen Ultracap;
Nurofen forte;
Nurofen Express;
Pedea;
Solpaflex;
Faspik.

In the absence of analogues of the drug for the active substance, you can follow the links below to the diseases that the corresponding drug helps with and see the available analogues for the therapeutic effect.

A drug Ibuprofen It has an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and moderate antipyretic effect due to the inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase enzyme. The mechanism of action is associated with the inhibition of the activity of COX, the main enzyme of the metabolism of arachidonic acid, which is a precursor of prostaglandins, which play a major role in the pathogenesis of inflammation, pain and fever. The analgesic effect is due to both peripheral (indirectly, through the suppression of prostaglandin synthesis) and the central mechanism (due to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis in the central and peripheral nervous system). Suppresses platelet aggregation.

After oral administration, it is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum plasma concentration is determined 1-2 hours after ingestion, in the synovial fluid - 3 hours after ingestion. Metabolized in the liver. The half-life is about 2 hours. It is excreted by the kidneys unchanged and in the form of conjugates.

Indications for use

A drug Ibuprofen intended for the treatment of diseases:

Rheumatoid arthritis;

Osteoarthritis;

ankylosing spondylitis;

Gout;

neuralgia;

Myalgia;

Radiculitis;

Traumatic inflammation of soft tissues and musculoskeletal system;

Adnexitis (as part of complex therapy);

Proctitis (as part of complex therapy);

Diseases of ENT organs (as part of complex therapy);

Headache (as an aid);

Toothache (as an aid).

Mode of application

Ibuprofen in rheumatoid arthritis appoint 800 mg 3 times / day.

In osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, Ibuprofen is used at 400-600 mg 3-4 times / day.

In juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, the drug is used at a dose of 30-40 mg/kg body weight/day.

For soft tissue injuries, sprains, the drug is prescribed 600 mg 2-3 times / day.

With pain syndrome of moderate intensity, the drug is prescribed 400 mg 3 times / day. The maximum daily dose is 2.4 g.

Side effects

Of the side effects from the use of the drug Ibuprofen possible: nausea, anorexia, flatulence, constipation, heartburn, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, agitation, insomnia, allergic reactions in the form of a skin rash, blurred vision. There have been cases of erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract.

Rarely: bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, aseptic meningitis, bronchospasm.

Contraindications

A drug Ibuprofen contraindicated in:

Erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract in the acute phase;

"aspirin triad";

Hematopoietic disorders;

Ulcerative colitis;

Diseases of the optic nerve;

Severe impairment of kidney and / or liver function;

Children's age up to 6 years;

Hypersensitivity to the drug.

Pregnancy

During pregnancy, the drug Ibuprofen should only be used as directed by a physician.

Interaction with other drugs

When administered concurrently Ibuprofen may cause a decrease in the diuretic effect of furosemide.

When used together, Ibuprofen enhances the effect of diphenine, coumarin anticoagulants, and oral hypoglycemic drugs.

Overdose

Overdose Ibuprofen Possible symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, drowsiness, depression, headache, tinnitus, metabolic acidosis, coma, acute renal failure, hypotension, bradycardia, tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, and respiratory arrest.

Treatment: gastric lavage (only during the first hour after ingestion), activated charcoal (to reduce absorption), alkaline drinking, forced diuresis and symptomatic therapy (correction of acid-base balance, blood pressure, gastrointestinal bleeding).

Storage conditions

Store in a dry place protected from light.

Release form

100 coated tablets of 200 mg.

Compound

1 tablet contains 200 mg ibuprofen.

Synonyms

Advil, Apo-Ibuprofen, Bartel drags ibuprofen, Bonifen, Bren, Brufen, Burana, Dolgit, Ibupron, Ibuprof, Ibuprofen Lannacher, Ibuprofen Nycomed, Ibuprofen-Teva, Ibusan, Ipren, Markofen, MIG 200, Motrin, Nurofen, Profen, Reumafen

Additionally

With caution, the drug is prescribed to patients with impaired liver function, kidney disease, diseases of the cardiovascular system, with a history of gastric ulcer and / or duodenal ulcer, bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract. Compared with other NSAIDs, Ibuprofen has the least ulcerogenic effect on the gastrointestinal mucosa.

With prolonged use of the drug, it is necessary to monitor the function of the liver and kidneys, the picture of peripheral blood.

Main settings

Name:	IBUPROFEN
ATX code:	M01AE01 -

Among the "hospital" NSAIDs prescribed for inflammation of the joints, ibuprofen is the safest narcotic analgesic. What ibuprofen tablets help from, what are its properties and side effects, you will learn from this article.

General information

Before us is a remedy with moderate antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. Acetylsalicylic acid is inferior to this substance in all characteristics associated with the elimination of pain and inflammation.

Ibuprofen is indispensable for arthritis and joint diseases. This is a time tested medicine. Often the cause of joint pain is a complex of inflammatory processes, with which the drug we are considering is struggling.

According to the instructions for use, ibuprofen belongs to the group of NSAIDs. It inhibits pathophysiological inflammatory mechanisms, has an impressive dosage range and consistently impressive efficacy. Among the inflammatory phases, two are distinguished: exudative and proliferative. The drug is designed to inhibit both.

Compound

Here is what the classic composition of the tablet form of this remedy looks like:

The shell (when released in capsules) consists of:

gum arabic;
sucrose;
talc;
dye;
bees and carnauba wax.

Mechanism of action

The effectiveness of the drug is explained by its ability to inhibit the activity of cyclooxygenase (a product synthesized from arachidonic acid, a precursor of prostaglandins). When the inflammatory intensity is inhibited, the analgesic qualities of the drug appear. An antipyretic effect is also observed.

Ibuprofen promotes the formation of endogenous interferon, which entails an immunomodulatory effect that improves nonspecific resistance in our body. With internal use, the absorption of the substance in the gastrointestinal tract is extremely high.

Release form

The range of forms offered by pharmacological companies is very wide.

Ointment and gel. Designed for external use, contain 5% active substance.
Pills. Smooth, round shape and white, biconvex. One tablet contains either 200 or 400 mg of the substance. The package can contain 10, 20 and 100 items.
Coated tablets. Implies prolonged action. Contains 800 mg of the drug.
Capsules. They dissolve gradually, under the shell - 300 mg of ibuprofen.
Suspension. Yellow homogeneous mass with a pleasant orange smell (however, strawberries are also found). In 5 ml - 100 mg of the substance. Sold in special bottles, hidden in cardboard packaging and equipped with a measuring spoon.
Candles. Rectal suppositories are predominantly Greek-made. The average price is 100 rubles per pack (10 pieces).
Granules. Serve for self-preparation of the solution. Minty taste. Contains 200 mg of the drug. Production is mainly Swiss.
Injection. It is administered intravenously. Produced in Germany. The cost is prohibitive - up to 26.5 thousand rubles (4 capsules in a package).

Indications for use

There are the following indications for the use of this drug:

degenerative-inflammatory lesions of the musculoskeletal system (rheumatic and ankylosing spondylitis);
articular syndrome (observed during exacerbation, gout,);
traumatic inflammation of the musculoskeletal system and soft tissues;
pain syndrome (in case of infectious and inflammatory lesions of the upper respiratory tract);
toothache and headache;
hematomas;
nephrotic syndrome;
infectious fever.

Comparative analysis

If we compare ibuprofen with other drugs of the NSAID group, as well as analyze patient reviews, we can notice the following patterns:

indomethacin fights inflammation better;
in our remedy, the analgesic action is predominant;
no negative effect on cartilage (unlike indomethacin, for example);
acetylsalicylic acid is not so effective in relieving inflammation, but dominates in the antipyretic area;
among all NSAIDs, ibuprofen is the least gastrotoxic (therefore, it is primarily prescribed to patients suffering from gastrointestinal diseases).

Dosage

It is established by the attending physician on an individual basis. Therefore, do not even think to be guided by the information in this article during therapy.

For adults, the oral dose ranges from 200-800 mg (with a frequency of 3-4 times a day). Pediatric dosage is calculated based on the weight of the patient. Recommended 20-40 mg (daily intake) per kilogram of the child's weight. When the predicted effect is achieved, the daily dose should be reduced. In the morning it is best to take the drug before meals (absorption is accelerated), drinking a tablet with tea. All other doses are taken after meals (gradual absorption is welcome here).

With external use, therapy lasts about 2-3 weeks.

For children 6-12 years old, there is a restriction - no more than 200 mg of the drug per day (divided into 4 doses). If the child weighs less than 20 kg, ibuprofen is not prescribed at all.

Side effects

Like all NSAIDs, this drug has negative side effects. True, they begin to be traced if the therapy exceeds a 2-3-day period.

Digestive system. Anorexia, vomiting, nausea, heartburn, diarrhea, epigastric discomfort, gastrointestinal ulcers, flatulence, irritation, abdominal pain, aphthous stomatitis, gum and oral cavity lesions, constipation,.
Nervous system. Dizziness, headache, agitation, insomnia, drowsiness, hallucinations, depression, confusion.
Sense organs. Blurred vision, optic nerve, eye irritation, diplopia, tinnitus, hearing loss.
Vessels and heart. Increased blood pressure, heart failure,.
Urination. Renal failure (acute form), nephrotic syndrome, polyuria, nephritis,.
Hematopoietic system. Anemia, thrombocytopenic purpura, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis.
Allergic reactions. Urticaria, skin rash, itching, fever, necrolysis, allergic rhinitis and other delights.
Respiratory system. Shortness of breath, bronchospasm.

Contraindications

The following contraindications for this drug are common:

heart failure;
ulcerative and erosive diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
urticaria, bronchial asthma and rhinitis caused by the use of NSAIDs or salicylates;
damage to the optic nerve;
hemophilia (as well as hypocoagulation);
lack of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the body;
hemorrhagic diathesis;
leukopenia;
dysfunction of the kidneys and liver;
hearing loss;
age (up to 6 years);
high sensitivity to the components of the drug.

Interaction

Do not combine ibuprofen with:

other NSAIDs;
acetylsalicylic acid;
thrombolytic agents;
anticoagulants;
cefoperazone;
ibuprofen;
valproic acid;
preparations containing gold;
cyclosporine.

The list goes on.

Related drugs

Numerous analogues of the drug are known, as well as its combined varieties (for example, ibuprofen). Let's list some of them.

. German production. Tablet form. Low frequency of side effects.
Burana. Negative consequences are minimized. Sold in tablets of 200 and 400 mg.
Ibufen. Suspension intended for children. Good antipyretic properties.
. Powerful analgesic. Especially effective for back pain.
Brufen Gel. Good for outdoor use.

Note that the medicine we have considered is one of the most reliable NSAIDs. Some of its varieties cannot be called cheap, but the quality of the product is impressive. Before going to the pharmacy, be sure to visit your doctor and consult about all aspects of therapy.

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Ibuprofen (Ibuprofen) is a drug from the group of NSAIDs, NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, drugs).

Indications for the appointment of Ibuprofen are:

Inflammatory and degenerative diseases of the spine and joints in rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, osteochondrosis;
Other pathological conditions of an inflammatory, traumatic and metabolic nature, accompanied by pain in the joints (arthralgia), muscles (myalgia), bones (ossalgia), ligamentous apparatus;
headache, migraine;
Toothache;
Menstrual disorders, painful cycle (algodysmenorrhea);
Inflammation of the uterine appendages (adnexitis);
Cold infections accompanied by fever;
pathology of prematurity.

Ibuprofen is not effective for all pain. Intense pain syndrome in severe injuries, in the postoperative period, with cancer, with myocardial infarction - all this requires the use of stronger drugs, or a combination of Ibuprofen with these drugs.

In most cases, the elimination of inflammation, fever and pain under the influence of Ibuprofen is symptomatic without affecting the cause and course of the underlying pathology.

Employees of the Texas A&M University empirically found that Ibuprofen prolongs life.

During the experiment, nematode worms, yeast fungi, and flies were exposed to Ibuprofen at physiological doses for these organisms. At the same time, an increase in the life expectancy of prototypes by 10-17% was recorded.

In terms of a person, this increase is 10-12 years. What is the reason for the rejuvenating effect and slowing down of cellular aging under the action of Ibuprofen has not yet been established.

Active substance

The active substance is Ibuprofen, or alpha-methyl-4-(2-methylpropyl) benzoacetic acid.

Chemical formula - C 13 H 18 O 2.

It is a whitish crystalline powder, poorly soluble in water, and soluble in alcohol, acetone, and other organic solvents.

Ibuprofen is a derivative of propionic acid, an organic compound with the chemical formula C 2 H 5 -COOH, which belongs to saturated carboxylic acids.

Mechanism of action

Like other representatives of NSAIDs, Ibuprofen inhibits inflammatory reactions by influencing the synthesis of prostaglandins.

Prostaglandins are biologically active substances, the so-called. inflammatory mediators. They are synthesized almost everywhere, in all organs and tissues of the human body, under the action of the enzyme COX (cyclooxygenase).

The chemical raw material for prostaglandins is the polyunsaturated fatty arachidonic acid.

It is prostaglandins that trigger inflammatory reactions, manifested by fever, pain, swelling, redness of the skin.

At the tissue level, inflammation is manifested by damage (alteration), the appearance of pathological serous effusion (exudation), and excessive cell simple (proliferation).

Ibuprofen blocks COX, inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins, and thus prevents the development of inflammation and the appearance of related symptoms.

It should be noted that in addition to the formation of the inflammatory process, prostaglandins perform many other functions. They maintain the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines in proper condition, regulate local blood flow, prevent bronchospasm, and participate in metabolic reactions.

Prostaglandins are heterogeneous, and so is the COX, through which they are synthesized. COX-1 regulates the synthesis of "physiological" prostaglandins, and COX-2 - prostaglandins that form inflammatory reactions.

Ibuprofen belongs to non-selective NSAIDs - it inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2, while selective drugs inhibit only COX-2, and therefore they have almost no side effects.

As for non-selective NSAIDs, in particular, Ibuprofen, their side effects on the bronchi, liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract are associated precisely with the blocking of COX-1, and a decrease in the level of "physiological" prostaglandins.

In addition to prostaglandins, Ibuprofen inhibits the synthesis of thromboxane coagulation factor, other inflammatory mediators - bradykinin, leukotrienes.

By blocking COX, Ibuprofen inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins, and thus prevents the development of inflammatory processes. It mainly acts on the phase of exudation and proliferation. The effectiveness of Ibuprofen, like other NSAIDs, is evaluated by anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic (pain) action.

The anti-inflammatory activity of Ibuprofen is relatively low. According to this characteristic, it is significantly inferior to many NSAIDs, incl. and propionic acid derivatives - Naproxen, Ketoprofen, and surpasses only Aspirin and Amidopyrine.

The analgesic and antipyretic effects of Ibuprofen are more pronounced. Although in this respect it is inferior to many NSAIDs. However, Ibuprofen does an excellent job in many cases and is widely used in clinical practice.

It has less side effects than many non-selective NSAIDs. Like other anti-inflammatory drugs, ibuprofen inhibits blood clotting by acting on the coagulation factor thromboxane.

In addition, inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis under the action of Ibuprofen is accompanied by a decrease in uterine tone and a decrease in intrauterine pressure. Not so long ago, the antiviral activity of Ibuprofen was noted. This drug stimulates the synthesis of intracellular interferon. In addition, Ibuprofen stimulates the closure of the ductus arteriosus when it is not closed in premature babies.

History of creation

The drug was synthesized in 1961 by employees of the research center of the British pharmaceutical company Boots. 12.01. In 1962 it was officially registered under the name Brufen by the British Patent Office.

Brufen was originally used to treat rheumatic diseases. A little later, in 1974, Ibuprofen under the name Motrin began to be actively used in the USA as an analgesic and antipyretic drug.

Since 1983, Ibuprofen under the name Nurofen has been approved for use without a prescription. And by 1985, it was taken by about 100 million people in many countries of the world.

For scientific achievements in the development of the drug Boots in the UK was awarded the Queen's Award. Currently, Ibuprofen is accepted in more than 120 countries, incl. and in Russia.

Production

The complex technologies for the industrial production of Ibuprofen are based on micronization (size reduction) of drug particles during the process of rapid expansion of a supercritical solution of liquid carbon dioxide.

Release form

Tablets 200, 400 mg;
Suspension for oral administration 100 ml containing 5 ml of 100 mg of the active substance;
Ointment, gel 5%;
Suppositories are rectal, containing 60 mg of the active substance.

This drug under a generic name is produced by many Russian and foreign (Denmark, Israel, Poland, Serbia, etc.) companies.

Of the drugs with commercial names, Nurofen is the most famous thanks to advertising. This drug in the form of tablets, capsules, suppositories, suspensions and gels is produced in England, the Netherlands and Spain.

No less famous Imet in the form of tablets is produced by the German Berlin-Chemie. The same company provides MIG tablets to the consumer market.

Another medicine, Faspik, tablets and granules for solution preparation, are the products of the Swiss branches of Zambon Pharma.

The German company Dolorgit produces Ibuprofen under the name Dolgit in the form of dosage forms for external use - cream and gel.

Another equally well-known company, Merkle, produces Ibuprofen in an injectable form called Pedea in the form of ampoules of 5 ml of a 2% solution. Sometimes in pharmacies you can find Finnish Buran tablets from the Orion company.

Ibuprofen is widely available in combined preparations. Among these drugs are Nurofen Plus tablets (with Codeine), Brustan, Ibuklin, Next tablets (with Paracetamol), and Deep Relief gel (with Menthol).

There are other commercial names for various dosage forms of Ibuprofen. Among them are Ibutard (a drug of prolonged action), Ibuprom, Ibufen, Ipren, Ibusan, Bonifen, Advil, and many others.

Among all NSAIDs, Ibuprofen ranks 3rd in terms of the number of drugs produced, second only to Aspirin and Paracetamol.

Since 2005, the volume of production of Ibuprofen has been steadily growing, increasing by 7.7% every year. Along with Ibuprofen, other NSAID propionic acid derivatives are also used in medical practice - Ketoprofen, Naproxen. But these are not synonyms, but analogues of Ibuprofen. Although these drugs have a similar effect to Ibuprofen, they have a different active substance.

Dosages

Adults and children over 12 years of age take ibuprofen 200 mg 3-4 times a day. Tablets are washed down with a glass of water. It is advisable to take them after meals.

If necessary, the daily dose of the drug in adults can be increased to 1200 mg. However, upon reaching a therapeutic effect, it is reduced to 600-800 mg.

Children under 12 years of age are allowed to take tablets if their body weight exceeds 20 kg. In these cases, 1 tablet of 200 mg is taken 4 times a day. The interval between taking the tablets should be 6 hours.

Suspension for oral administration is taken 3 times a day:

Children from 3 months to 1 year: 50 mg (2.5 ml);
Children 1-3 years: 100 mg (5 ml);
Children 4-6 years old: 150 mg (7.5 ml);
Children 7-9 years old: 200 mg (10 ml);
Children 10-12 years: 300 mg (12.5 ml).

Suppositories for fever in children:

From 3 to 9 months: 1 suppository 3 times a day every 6-8 hours
From 9 months to 2 years: 1 suppository 4 times a day every 6-8 hours.

Gel and ointment: 2-4 g 2-4 times a day by smooth rubbing into problem areas.

Injectable ibuprofen (Pedea) in premature infants with non-closure of the aortic duct is injected into the umbilical vein 3 times - 1 time per day with a daily interval. The drug is used only in a hospital for its intended purpose and under the supervision of a physician. The dose is 5-10 mg/kg body weight of the newborn.

Pharmacodynamics

The drug is rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum concentration is created in the blood after 1-2 hours, in the synovial fluid - a little later, but also lasts longer.

Eating slows down the absorption of Ibuprofen, but does not affect the amount of absorbed drug. In the blood, 90% of Ibuprofen binds to plasma proteins. Most of it undergoes metabolic transformations in the liver.

Analgesic and antipyretic effects persist for 8 hours after internal administration. 1% of Ibuprofen is excreted unchanged in the urine by the kidneys, the rest - in the form of metabolites by the kidneys (70%) and the liver (20%). The half-life is 2-2.5 hours.

Side effects

gastrointestinal tract : nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, flatulence, diarrhea, ulceration in the stomach and duodenum, abnormal liver function;
Respiratory organs: bronchospasm;
CNS : headache, dizziness, general weakness, insomnia;
Vision : decreased visual acuity, narrowing of the visual fields, swelling of the eyelids, eye irritation;
L OR bodies : hearing loss, tinnitus, rhinitis;
Leather : allergic reactions in the form of redness, urticaria, itching, angioedema;
The cardiovascular system : palpitations, allergic anaphylactic shock;
Blood : hemolysis of erythrocytes, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, the threat of gastrointestinal and uterine bleeding;
Urination : impaired renal function.

Contraindications

Ibuprofen intolerance;
Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
Other inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, accompanied by ulceration of the mucous membranes and bleeding;
Aspirin triad: bronchial asthma, nasal polyposis, intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid;
Any conditions accompanied by hypocoagulation (slowing down of blood clotting);
Optic neuritis, retinal damage;
Vestibular disorders, hearing loss;
Severe diseases of the liver and kidneys, kidney and liver failure.

In addition, taking the drug is not desirable when driving vehicles, or performing other activities that require targeted actions and concentration.

Pregnancy and lactation

The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy in the III trimester. During the I-II trimester, Ibuprofen is prescribed with extreme caution, given the ratio of the expected result and possible complications. When breastfeeding, the drug is contraindicated.

Interaction with other drugs

Acetylsalicylic acid: anti-inflammatory activity decreases;
Thrombolytics and anticoagulants: risk of bleeding;
Cephalosporin antibiotics: the level of prothrombin in the blood decreases;
Preparations of gold: toxic effect on the kidneys;
Glucocorticoids: increased side effects of these drugs;
Antacids: reduce the absorption of ibuprofen;
Insulin and hypoglycemic tablets: the effect of these drugs is enhanced;
Ethyl alcohol, antidepressants, barbiturates: toxic liver damage.

Storage

Store in a dark dry place at a temperature not exceeding 25 0 C. Shelf life - 3 years.

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Ibuprofen is a well-known and studied broad-spectrum drug. It belongs to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and is even included in the International List of Essential Medicines on the recommendation of the World Health Organization. Features of the application, as well as important tips and recommendations for the use of this drug are described in our article.

Composition and pharmacological properties

Ibuprofen is a derivative of propionic acid and has antipyretic and anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, it has an analgesic effect on the body with pain of various localization. The active substance is well absorbed and rarely causes side effects.

Pharmacokinetics of the drug:

The drug is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.
The maximum effect is produced 20-30 minutes after ingestion on an empty stomach.
After a meal, the action of ibuprofen slows down, but absorption occurs in full.
When taken after a meal, the effect can be expected after 60 - 120 minutes.
Binding to blood proteins occurs almost in full (about 90%).
In the synovial fluid, complete absorption is achieved 2-2.5 hours after ingestion, and the concentration is much higher than with blood plasma.
The elimination half-life reaches 2.5 - 3 hours after administration.
Metabolized in the liver.
It is excreted by the kidneys unchanged and in the form of conjugates.

For the best effect, ibuprofen is taken in the minimum dosage, if necessary, repeating the dose after 0.5 - 1 hour. It is not recommended to exceed the recommended dosage, as well as independently increase the period of use. Such actions can lead to the development of side effects and serious consequences for the patient's health.

Indications for use

To minimize the risk of side effects, taking the drug is recommended after meals. The active ingredient of the drug can damage the gastric mucosa. With constant abuse of this drug, the formation of erosions and ulcers, as well as severe pathologies of the kidneys and liver, is possible.

What diseases are allowed to take ibuprofen:

Osteoarthritis;
ankylosing spondylitis;
Neuralgia and myalgia of various origins;
Diseases of ENT - organs;
Adnexitis;
Headaches and toothaches;
Soft tissue bruises and sprains.

In pediatric patients, ibuprofen can relieve soreness during teething, as well as feverish conditions during illness. It should be noted that if the patient's condition does not improve after two to three days of taking the remedy, or new alarming symptoms are added to the main symptoms, you should definitely visit a doctor to adjust the prescriptions.

Mode of application

The most commonly used tablet form of the drug. For children, it is preferable to use rectal suppositories or syrup, the approximate dosage of which is also considered on an individual basis.

Dosage and duration of taking ibuprofen:

With pain syndrome of moderate intensity, the drug should be taken at 400 mg / 3 times a day. The maximum dosage is 2.4 g / day.
Three injuries and sprains take 600 mg / 3 times a day. Dose reduction is possible when the patient's condition improves.
In the complex therapy of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, the following regimen is used. The calculation is carried out based on the data of 30 mg/kg of the patient's body weight per day.
During the treatment of osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, the dosage is adjusted at the rate of 40-600 mg / 3 times a day.
Removal of pain in rheumatoid arthritis occurs after taking a dose of 800 mg / 3 times a day.

The daily allowable dosage for children from 6 to 18 years old is calculated at the rate of 20 mg / kg of the patient's weight. If you experience any uncomfortable symptoms, as well as digestive disorders, you should immediately stop taking it and consult a doctor.

Contraindications

A good therapeutic effect of the drug is not always justified. In some cases, ibuprofen will be prohibited.

Contraindications for taking ibuprofen:

Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.
Peptic ulcer of the stomach or duodenum in the acute stage.
Violations of the liver and kidneys.
Dysfunction of the hematopoietic system.
Colitis of various origins.
Violations of visual function.
Intolerance to aspirin preparations.
Heart failure.
Arterial hypertension.
Pathology of the vestibular apparatus.

Despite an extensive list of contraindications, the drug ibuprofen is widely known as one of the most effective antipyretic and analgesic drugs.

drug overdose

In the case of an overdose of ibuprofen, severe damage to the body is observed, especially aggravated by already existing problems.

What can happen:

Abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea and other digestive disorders.
Psychosomatic disorders: lethargy, increased fatigue, sleep problems.
Clinical manifestations of renal or hepatic insufficiency.
Difficulty and even cessation of breathing.
A sharp drop in blood pressure, collapse.
Hematopoietic disorders, clotting problems.
Decreased function of vision and hearing.

In case of negative manifestations of an overdose of the drug, gastric lavage, absorption of absorbent agents and forced dialysis are performed. Further prognosis and the chosen treatment tactics depend on the severity of the patient's condition, the dose taken and the individual characteristics of the organism.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

Due to the lack of clinical data on the possibility of taking during the period of bearing a child, taking ibuprofen is prohibited during this period.

It is more expedient to replace it with a drug with a similar effect - paracetamol, which is approved for use in pregnant women according to the doctor's indications.

When breastfeeding, ibuprofen is approved for use, because traces of the drug are not found in breast milk.

Childhood

Reception of any medicines in childhood is allowed only on the recommendation of a pediatrician.

Ibuprofen is usually prescribed in the form of suppositories to relieve pain or fever in children older than three months.

The tablet form of the drug is used no earlier than the age of six. It is forbidden to take ibuprofen tablets to patients whose weight is less than 20 kilograms.

Nurofen and ibuprofen, which is better?

Common analogues contain the same active ingredient, and in equal proportions. Differences can be seen in the additional content of excipients, as well as the cost of drugs. According to reviews of users and specialists, the effect is stronger when removing heat, but their analgesic effect is approximately the same.

Compatibility with other medicines and alcohol

Despite the fact that the drug is relatively well combined with other drugs, the features of the reception should also be taken into account.

What drugs can not be combined with:

Reduces the effect of diuretics.
Enhances the effect of anticoagulants of the coumarin series, difenin and hypoglycemic drugs.
The hypotensive activity of vasodilators decreases.
With the simultaneous administration of an antacid or cholestyramine, the rate of absorption decreases.
An increase in the analgesic effect is observed while taking caffeine-containing drugs.

Ibuprofen also cannot be combined with alcohol, because this will increase the toxic effect on the stomach and liver.

Side effects

The drug ibuprofen has a good interaction with drugs from other groups, but requires special recommendations. In particular, it is necessary to coordinate with the doctor the use of other painkillers and antibacterial therapy. To avoid negative effects on the digestive system, tablets should be taken after meals.

If one or more negative symptoms are detected after taking ibuprofen, it is necessary to cancel further intake and take absorbent drugs. If the patient's condition is very unstable, it is best to contact the hospital of a medical institution.

Side effects of taking ibuprofen:

Flatulence.
Constipation or diarrhea.
anorexic conditions.
Increased excitability.
Sleep disorders.
Allergic skin reactions.
Violations of visual function.
Dysfunction of the liver and kidneys.

Of the severe manifestations, erosive formations in the gastrointestinal tract were noted, which can lead to foci of bleeding. Side effects in the form of bronchospasm or aseptic meningitis are rarely noted. All of these conditions require emergency medical care, so loss of consciousness, thought disorders, convulsions and signs of suffocation will be alarming signals. Fortunately, such reactions are extremely rare and in most cases when the recommended dosage and course of treatment is exceeded.

Storage conditions

The shelf life of the drug is three years. After this period or under incorrect storage conditions, it is prohibited to use the drug. Store ibuprofen tablets at room temperature in their original packaging, protected from sunlight. It is also necessary to protect the drug from children, and in case of accidental ingestion, go to the hospital for gastric lavage.

Ibuprofen suppositories must be stored in the refrigerator so that the base of the medicine does not melt. The shelf life of candles is also three years in individual sealed packaging. If defects or damage are visible on the packaging, using such a candle is dangerous to health.

Dosage form in the form of a syrup also needs to be stored at low temperatures. Usually, for ease of use, the bottle is equipped with a syringe - dispenser, the scale in which is made according to the calculation of the active substance, or according to the weight dosage for the child.

Estimated cost

The popularity of this drug is largely due to the affordable cost. On average, a package of ibuprofen (20 tablets) is 75 rubles. Syrup or rectal suppositories will cost a little more, but a large assortment of drugs of different concentrations will allow you to effectively treat and relieve unpleasant symptoms.

Similar medicines

The selection of a worthy analogue must be agreed with. Usually ibuprofen does not require replacement, because the cost of the drug is quite affordable. When compared with the same "Nurofen", ibuprofen will be one and a half times cheaper. If it is not possible to purchase exactly ibuprofen, you should pay attention to other medicines - analogues.

Suitable replacement for ibuprofen:

Arviprox.
Arofen.
Ibuprex.
Ibuprom.
Ibutard.
Ibufen.
Ivalgin.

The list of possible analogues is quite large, but it should be borne in mind that only a specialist can select a suitable drug to alleviate your condition. You should not trust the opinion of a friend, as well as test the effect of advertising promises on yourself. The purpose of the drug should be solely according to individual characteristics and concomitant diseases.