How to apply a compress. How to do a warm compress. How to make an alcohol compress

For the treatment of many diseases, a variety of therapeutic compresses are very popular. In traditional and folk medicine, warming care products are especially common, one of the brightest representatives of which is a compress using alcohol.

When applied

This home remedy provides significant assistance after injuries, bruises, inflammatory diseases of the joints, after the negative consequences of drug injections. Such a compress is used for sore throat, laryngitis, otitis media, sciatica, rheumatism, various inflammatory processes of the larynx, acute thrombophlebitis of the extremities.

How to make a compress

Preparing a home remedy such as an alcohol-based compress is quite simple. Before starting the healing procedure, it is necessary to dilute 96 ° alcohol with ordinary water in a proportional ratio of 1: 3, while there should be one part of alcohol, and three parts of water. For the treatment process, vodka diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1 is quite suitable.

In a pre-prepared solution, which can be slightly heated in a water bath, dip a piece of soft cloth, such as gauze or a bandage. Next, the fabric is carefully wrung out, folded in several layers and applied to the place that requires heating. At the same time, the “lining” fabric must be solid, except for the overlay technology of which will be discussed ahead. Special compress paper is laid on top of the “lining” fabric; polyethylene can be used for these purposes. Then an insulating layer is applied, which may well consist of cotton wool. Next, you need to fix the compress with a wide bandage so that the pad soaked in the solution cannot come into contact with the external environment. Otherwise, the alcohol will evaporate, and the compress will not perform a warming function.

Compresses based on formic alcohol or alcohol tincture of pepper

In addition to ordinary medical alcohol, formic alcohol or an alcohol tincture of capsicum is quite suitable for a warming compress. Such a compress especially helps with joint pain, pneumonia, bronchitis, myositis, diseases of the spine. This effective home treatment method differs from other methods in its accessibility and simplicity. Indeed, in most pharmacies you can always buy formic alcohol or tincture of capsicum. Also, in a pharmacy for the preparation of an alcohol compress, Dr. Lori's alcohol, well known in homeopathic practice, can be recommended.

Compresses with camphor alcohol

Warming compresses based on camphor alcohol are very effective, especially for otitis media - inflammation of the ear. The technology for performing such home treatment is simple and effective. The imposition of an alcohol camphor compress helps to significantly improve blood circulation, eliminate pain, and speed up recovery. To prepare it, you will need camphor alcohol, bandage, scissors, gauze. You can use ready-made gauze napkins. The main condition when setting up such a warming compress is not to damage or burn the skin. First you need to take gauze napkins, cut a hole in the center of such a size that an ear fits into it. Then it is necessary to soak the napkin with slightly warmed camphor alcohol, wring it out, put it around the sore ear, after placing it in the incision. Next, you should install a special compress paper that warms the cotton layer, after which you need to fix the compress with a wide bandage or a warm scarf. The compress on the ear must be changed every 4 hours.

Contraindications

It is contraindicated to use this method of treatment at elevated body temperature. Prior to applying a warm alcohol-based compress, it is recommended to lubricate the skin with a nourishing cream to prevent burns or irritation. It should be remembered that this compress is contraindicated in acute inflammatory processes of the skin, in particular, in the presence of carbuncles, boils, erysipelas. It is not advisable to use this method of treatment in the presence of lichen, eczema, and other skin diseases.

When using this method of treatment for a child, be sure to consult a pediatrician, because alcohol is used in the compress and the child will be greatly harmed, up to alcohol poisoning. An alcohol-based compress is a recognized healer of many diseases. Health to you!

« How to make a compress?”- this question must have been asked at least once in a lifetime by every person, rushing into the abyss of the Internet in search of an answer. In fact, there is nothing difficult in this. Making a compress is quite easy, and the main thing is to know how to put it on correctly and how to cook it.

There are several types of compresses, distinguished by the way they work:

warm or warming;

cold;

alcoholic.

Let's look at each of them separately.

Warm

A warm or warm compress is recommended for children and adults, as well as for pregnant women. It will not harm the body in any way if you choose the right mixture. Such compresses are made after injections or vaccinations, with diseases of the joints (most often on the knees or elbows), with inflammatory processes in the nasopharynx or ears, as well as with many other ailments. The most effective is such a compress on the throat and ear with various therapeutic additives. Putting such a compress at night is usually not recommended, since its duration is 6-7 hours.

To make a warm compress, you will need a non-woolen or non-silk fabric. Cotton fabric is best. It must be moistened in a pre-prepared liquid, which must be at room temperature, squeezed out and laid on the inflamed surface of the body. From above, layers of compress paper and cotton should be created, then all this should be fixed with an elastic or ordinary bandage.

neurodermatitis;

skin ulcers;

fresh wounds;

boils;

carbuncles and other skin diseases.

A warm compress can be applied to both adults and children. At the same time, you can put it on the ear, on the leg, on the throat, on the knee, on the eye, on the chest and on the neck. You can use both ordinary warm water and specially prepared infusions, which, accordingly, will be much more effective. And if you add camphor oil to warm water, then such a camphor compress will help you get rid of many ailments.

Hot

A hot compress is placed in cases of chills, pain in the limbs, numbness of the arms and legs, migraine and hepatic colic. It helps to increase blood flow, due to which all body functions gradually return to normal.

Making such a compress is very simple. To do this, moisten a cotton cloth in hot water with a temperature of 70 degrees, then apply a compress to the desired part of the body, avoiding the heart and head area, and cover with several layers of cling film on top.

Contraindications for a hot compress are as follows:

high body temperature;

high blood pressure;

skin diseases;

open wounds;

fresh bruises.

You probably won't need any other ingredients to make a hot compress, but if you want to make the compress more effective, you can add some essential oils to the hot water.

A hot compress is placed in the places where the joints are bent, on the lymph nodes, under the knees and on the heels. This method is suitable for the treatment of colds, for example, a cough compress will reduce the inflammatory process.

Cold

A cold compress is most often used in cases where other compresses cannot be applied, namely:

with headache;

with injury;

when stretching muscles and ligaments;

at elevated pressure;

with bleeding.

Cold compresses can help relieve pain in various parts of the body because cold compresses can desensitize nerve endings.

It is best if you take ice or snow for a cold compress, but in general you will just need cold water. In order to put such a compress, you just need to moisten a bandage folded several times in cold water and attach it to the right place. Every 3-4 minutes, the bandage again needs to be moistened and squeezed.

Alcoholic

Usually, an alcohol or vodka compress is used for sore throat, radiculitis, inflammation of the ears, as well as pain in the back and lower back. For it, you need to dilute vodka with water in equal proportions and wet the fabric with the resulting alcohol solution. After that, the tissue should be wrung out and applied to the inflamed area for a time that depends on the type of inflammation. You can not make such a compress for children under five years old, as well as for pregnant women in the lower part of the body.

Other types of compresses

Among other things, there are other types of compresses, such as a compress with dimexide and ointment.

Compress with ointment it is very simple to make, for this you will need any warming ointment that you can buy at a pharmacy. It should be applied in a thin layer on the sore spot, put cotton wool, paper for compresses on top, fix it all with cling film and lie down for several minutes. Such a compress can be put even at night.

Compress with dimexide helps with diseases of the spine, ulcers, pustules, myositis and bruises. In this case, a 20% version of the solution is used, but it is better to dilute it with water. Do not use at temperature, as well as children and pregnant women.

The use of any of the proposed compresses will certainly alleviate the patient's condition and help get rid of the disease. Be vigilant when putting a compress on a child or yourself. If there is a burning sensation and itching, then the compress should be removed immediately, and then consult a doctor. The video below provides more information on the subject.

A compress is a medical bandage consisting of many layers. Its use can cause irritation on the skin, so it is recommended to lubricate with Vaseline or cream

Cool compress

The scope of this type of compress is huge, it includes fractures, sprains, bruises, pains of a different nature, high blood pressure. It constricts blood vessels, relieves pain, as a result of reducing the sensitivity of the nerve. This type of compress is beneficial during the first days. Preparation process: moisten the bandage in cold water, and if it is ice, then put it in a bag. Then apply a compress for a short period. If the patient has an inflammation process and fever, then such procedures are not recommended.

hot compress

Applies in cases:

chills, it is applied under the knee
angina - on the left hand
migraine
colic
pain in the lower extremities

It relieves spasms of organs and blood vessels, activates blood circulation and metabolism. First you need to roll the bandage in several layers, moisten it in heated water up to 70 degrees, and then apply it to the affected area and cover it with oilcloth on top to keep warm. When cooling, wet the gauze again. If the body temperature is elevated, there are abscesses on the skin, high pressure or injuries, then compresses cannot be done.

Warm compress

This type of compress will help in case of inflammation of the mammary glands, sciatica, rheumatism, arthrosis, joint injuries, respiratory or ear pathology. For such a compress, the following substances are used:

dimexide
alcohol

It is better to choose a natural fabric folded in many layers for the procedure. Wring out the gauze and put it on the body.
Compress paper is placed on top, the next layer is cotton wool for insulation. All this must be fixed with a bandage.
After the end of the procedure, you should not go out into the cold. Liquid medicine should be added to compresses, including such plants as chamomile, celandine, juniper.
Compress paper will be superfluous in case of sores and wounds that do not heal for a long time. Not recommended for bleeding, fresh injuries, skin diseases.

Alcohol compress

Used for diseases of the throat, ear, back. The instruction is the same as for the warming type of compress, the only thing is to replace the water with diluted alcohol. To obtain an alcohol solution, you need one part alcohol and 3 parts water. When applying, you need to make sure that the paper covers the entire fabric, and the insulation covers the paper. Indeed, otherwise the alcohol will evaporate and there will be no effect. Menthol alcohol is suitable in case of angina pectoris. apply a compress to the heart.

Turpentine compress

Used for bronchitis and pneumonia. First, warm up the skin with a heating pad. Take turpentine and soak cotton wool in it. Attach it to the site, then put special paper, insulation and secure with a bandage. The degree of the disease affects the duration of the procedure. If the condition worsens, the compress is not recommended.

The above compresses are used most often in the treatment of diseases. But this is not the main method of treatment, but only an addition to taking the main drugs. Before using the compress, you should consult with a specialist, because he knows about the benefits of a particular type of compress for a particular disease.

How to do compresses

Dressings on various parts of the body, based on the therapeutic effect of which is the temperature effect, are called compresses. There is a huge variety of them. Consider the main ones that can be used as an addition to the main treatment of various diseases.

Cold compress (cooling) - used for fractures, sprains and ruptures of ligaments, bleeding, bruises, headaches, for the prevention of increased pressure, for neurasthenia (on the area between the shoulder blades and lower leg). This type of compress leads to vasoconstriction and slows down metabolic processes, has an analgesic effect, as it reduces the sensitivity of nerve endings. Cold compresses are applied topically (if there is an injury, then they are useful only for the first time, up to a maximum of three days).

Performing this procedure: you need cold water (ice, snow), a bandage or cotton wool, a plastic or rubber bag. If with water, then moisten the bandage, which must be folded in several layers, and applied to the right place, every five minutes the bandage must be moistened and squeezed again. If ice (snow), then it is placed in a rubber (polyethylene) bag and applied to the right place, periodically it is necessary to remove it, taking a break for ten minutes. Such compresses are not recommended for acute infectious processes, accompanied by an increase in body temperature.

A hot compress is used for chills (on the popliteal region), angina pectoris (on the left hand), for migraines, colic (renal, hepatic), pain in the legs caused by spasms. It helps relieve spasm of blood vessels, internal organs, enhances blood flow and metabolic processes. It is done like this: a bandage, rolled up in a number of layers and soaked with hot water (from 60 to 70 degrees), is applied to the necessary area, an oilcloth is placed on top (in order to preserve the warming effect), if it cools down, then moisten again. It is not recommended at elevated temperature, pustular skin pathologies, high pressure, and the presence of fresh injuries (up to five days).

Warming compresses are used for inflammatory diseases of the mammary glands, when infiltrates occur after injections, also for myositis, radiculitis, gout, rheumatism, arthrosis and arthritis (on the knee or elbow), traumatic injuries of the joints and ligaments (after an acute period, it is placed on the joint) , with inflammatory pathologies of the respiratory tract (throat, bronchi, trachea - a compress is placed on the throat or chest, respectively), ear.

Its duration is from six to eight hours, depending on the substances that are used for warming (fats, alcohol, turpentine, water, dimexide, medicinal herbs and others), you can leave such a compress all night, a course of five to twenty procedures ( depends on the pathology), if necessary, you can put compresses twice a day.

For a warming compress, cotton fabric is better suited, which is folded in several layers (from three to five) and soaked with room temperature water (or other liquid), squeezed and placed on the surface of the body, then compress paper is placed on top, wider than the previous layer, then goes a warming layer (cotton wool) and then all this is fixed with a bandage. Under such a compress, an environment with high humidity and temperature is formed, since the heat generated by the body does not go into the environment, but remains under the compress and accumulates, and the liquid, evaporating, gives moisture.

In this regard, metabolic processes in the tissues of the body are stimulated, blood circulation improves, and the beneficial substances contained in the compress penetrate into the tissues. After the procedure, the skin is wiped with a warm towel and this place is insulated. It is best to do such compresses at night, immediately after them it is not recommended to go outside. Depending on the diseases, liquid forms of medicinal preparations can be added to the compresses, including those prepared from medicinal plants (viburnum, succession, celandine, chamomile, sage, horsetail, juniper, birch, lingonberry, heather). With ulcers of trophic and non-healing wounds, compress paper cannot be used (this layer is not needed at all). Warm compresses are contraindicated in the following pathological conditions: traumatic changes (the first three to five days), bleeding, skin diseases (psoriasis, eczema, neurodermatitis, pustular diseases: furuncle, carbuncle, folliculitis, erysipelas).

An alcohol (vodka) compress is used for gout, sore throat (on the throat), otitis media (on the ear), laryngitis, radiculitis, rheumatism (on the lower back). The same layers are used as above, only instead of water - alcohol (96-degree alcohol in three parts of water or vodka 1: 1 with water). The therapeutic effect is based on reflex mechanisms. When alcohol is applied

The compress must be ensured that the compress paper completely covers the cloth soaked in alcohol, and it is also tightly covered with insulating material. Because then the alcohol will evaporate into the external environment and the effect of such a compress will be minimal. For diseases of the joints and spine, formic alcohol is used. When angina attacks occur, it is better to use menthol alcohol (applied to the left hand or heart area). The time of application of such a compress will also depend on the severity of the pathology. For children under 3 years of age, an alcohol compress is not recommended.

Turpentine compress is used for bronchitis, pneumonia in the chest area. Not recommended for children, elderly and debilitated patients, also with skin pathologies. Before the procedure, the desired area of \u200b\u200bthe body must be warmed up (with a heating pad). Turpentine should be clean and warm, gauze is soaked with it and placed on the body area, compress paper is placed on top, then cotton wool and bandaged. The duration of the procedure is from two to six hours (depending on the severity of the disease). If the patient feels worse, then the compress must be removed and no longer put.

Fat compress is used for diseases of the joints, lungs, spine. It is better to put it at night, the course of treatment is from five to twelve procedures. Gauze from several layers is impregnated with fat and placed on the required area, on top of cotton wool, a film, and bandaged. You can also add garlic to this compress (if there is no intolerance), and it is necessary that the fats be natural (for example, badger, seal, bear and some other animals). You can also use vegetable fats (sunflower, olive, corn, peach, sea buckthorn, rosehip oils), but before the procedure it must be irradiated (with ultraviolet light, at a distance of thirty centimeters), these oils are used for rheumatism, gout. It is done as before for two hours, three times a week, the course of treatment is from five to ten procedures.

Compresses with ointments are used for warming with minor injuries after three to five days after the injury; for this, warming ointments finalgon, voltaren and others are used. First you need to massage the damaged area, then rub the ointment, put a cotton pad on top, then compress paper, then a heater and fix it all. You can leave this compress on all night.

A compress with dimexide is used for trophic ulcers, pustular skin pathologies, arthrosis, arthritis, spinal diseases, myositis, eczema, bruises, injuries of the traumatic ligamentous apparatus of the joints. This substance (Dimexide) acts as an analgesic, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory. It helps drugs penetrate deep into the tissues (being a kind of conductor). Dimexide is contraindicated in children, debilitated patients, pregnant women, patients with pathology of the cardiovascular system. Dimexide is used in solution (approximately 20%), if discomfort occurs (pain, itching, rash, and others), it is necessary to reduce the concentration or even abandon such a compress.

Ear compress for otitis media

With otitis, warm compresses are made around the ear. It is prescribed for the purpose of obtaining an analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect. A piece of 4-5 layers of gauze 15 × 15 cm in size is used, in the middle of which a longitudinal incision is made with scissors for the auricle. Gauze is moistened in camphor oil (slightly squeezed out so that the oil does not ooze) and put around the affected ear - so that the auricle is in the slot. Cellophane is applied on top, exceeding the size of gauze by 1 cm, then cotton wool.

The compress is fixed on the head with a bandage and left for 6-8 hours. Do 1 time per day. It is better for a child to put a compress at night, in a dream it will interfere with him less, but do not forget to remove it after the time has elapsed.

Compresses in the ear are not only camphor, you can use diluted boric alcohol, vodka, alcohol in half with water, you can put compresses with heated sunflower oil. As a rule, preference is given to vodka or semi-alcohol compresses, since they do not stain the hair (which cannot be said about oil compresses).

Throat compress

For a cold with a sore throat or sore throat, warming or alcohol compresses are often used (as described above), the compress is placed at night, the course of treatment is 5-7 days. With a runny nose that accompanies a sore throat, you can add a little menthol or eucalyptus oil to the compress.

Compress for cough

Melt 1 tablespoon of honey in 1 tablespoon of sunflower oil in a water bath. Add 1 tablespoon of vodka, stir. Cut a thick canvas rag (not gauze or cotton, so that there are no burns from mustard plasters) to the size of the back, soak it in the resulting mixture and put it on the upper back. On top of the cloth, along the spine, with the back side (not mustard) put 2 mustard plasters, and across the back 2 more mustard plasters (that is, we “cover” the lungs with mustard plasters). Cover the back with cellophane. Tie a scarf crosswise. Lie on your back and lie down for 2-3 hours. Apply compresses once a day for 3 days in a row. The second course can be repeated after 3 days. Any warm compresses are contraindicated at elevated temperatures!

Compress for bruises

In some pathologies, compresses alternate. So, if bruises occur, the first 3 days you need to apply a cold compress and start doing it as quickly as possible, and from the fifth day apply a hot compress or a compress with an ointment containing heparin, troxerutin, aescin, horse chestnut extract, badyagi (Troxevasin gel - with bruises, Indovazin gel - for bruises accompanied by pain, Aescin, Lyoton - swelling, bruises, bruises, you can use Traumeel, Rescuer gel, Badyaga - herb, any creams, ointments, powder (for example, 911 BADYAG from bruises and bruises, balm "GOLDEN MUSTER "from bruises and bruises with badyagi).

These are the main compresses that are most commonly used in the treatment. You can also do others (with other useful substances). But the compress should not become the main method in the treatment of diseases. It should only complement the main preparations and methods. And before you start using it, consult your doctor about the use of a compress. The doctor will tell you whether it is necessary to use it or if it is useless for your illness, and possibly dangerous, and will advise, perhaps, another way to achieve a positive result.

Warm compress:

Target: cause a long and uniform expansion of blood vessels, improve blood circulation in tissues, have an analgesic and resolving effect.

Indications: treatment of local infiltrates (post-injection), inflammatory processes in muscles and joints, ENT diseases, bruises on the second day.

Contraindications: hemorrhages, purulent skin diseases, violation of the integrity of the skin, tumors of various etiologies, injuries and bruises on the first day.

Prepare:

1. Put on the skin a gauze napkin folded in 6-8 layers, moistened with one of the solutions and well wrung out.

2. Cover the fabric with a piece of wax paper (oilcloth) that is 1.5-2 cm wider than the wet wipe.

3. Put a thick layer of cotton wool (1.5-2 cm larger than the previous compress layer).

4. Fix the compress with a bandage.

5. Write down the time of setting the compress: the compress is kept from 6 to 12 hours.

6. After 2 hours, put your finger under the compress and make sure that the napkin is wet and the skin is warm (if after 1.5-2 hours the napkin is dry, then the compress is applied incorrectly).

7. At a certain time, remove the compress, wipe the skin with warm water, dry with a napkin; warmly wrap the place where the compress is placed.

Cold compress:

Cold compresses, or lotions, are used for bruises, injuries, bruises. They cause local cooling and reduce swelling and pain.

Cook:

lead lotion (special pharmacy liquid) or cold water;

a piece of thick towel folded in several layers.

To apply a cold compress:

moisten a piece of towel in lead lotion or cold water;

wring out the fabric well;

apply a towel to the sore spot;

when warming the canvas, moisten it again in lead lotion or water and apply it to the sore spot;

change lotion every 2-3 minutes.

11. Admission of a patient to a hospital, sanitization, transportation

Upon admission of the patient in the admissions department, they conduct it careful inspection to detect pediculosis. In such cases, head, body and pubic louse may be found.

Sanitary treatment of the patient is reduced to cutting hair (for medical reasons) with subsequent burning or disinfection in steam sterilizers, cutting nails (on the hands and feet), washing in the bathroom or shower, collecting things (clothes, underwear, shoes of the patient) subject to disinfection, in individual bags for subsequent shipment for disinfection in a disinfection chamber. Before chamber disinfection, things of infectious patients are not given to relatives. At the same time, it is not necessary to decontaminate the personal belongings of patients with influenza and other acute respiratory diseases, paratitis, chickenpox and whooping cough. These items are allowed to be taken home by relatives. After undergoing sanitization, the patient receives clean hospital linen, a gown (pajamas), and slippers.

Body lice (body lice) are carriers of typhus and louse relapsing fever, the pathogens of which penetrate through damaged skin when crushing lice and subsequent scratching. The spread of pediculosis is observed under unfavorable sanitary and hygienic conditions and indicates, first of all, the poor organization of the bath and laundry business.

If lice are detected, sanitization is carried out, which can be complete (washing the patient with soap and a washcloth in a bath or shower, destroying microorganisms and insects in linen, clothes, shoes, bedding and living quarters, i.e. disinfection and disinsection) or partial, implying only washing people and disinfecting (disinfestation) linen, clothes and shoes.

CURRENTLY, THERE ARE A LOT OF SPECIAL PRODUCTS THAT ARE NON-TOXIC AND DO NOT REQUIRE STITIZH AND HAIR TO CURE PEDICULOSIS. The product is applied to the scalp and covered with waxed paper, a scarf is tied on top of the head or a cap is put on, or they simply wash their hair with a special shampoo. To remove nits for several days, comb the hair again with a fine comb with cotton wool moistened with a hot 10% table solution. vinegar.

To kill pubic lice, the affected hair is shaved off, after which repeated washing of the body with hot water and soap is usually sufficient.

Linen and clothes of patients are disinfected in disinfestation chambers (steam-air, hot-air, etc.). Medical personnel handling patients with pediculosis should use special long clothing made of rubberized fabric or thick canvas.

Prevention of lice consists in regular washing of the body, timely change of underwear and bed linen.

Upon admission to the hospital, if necessary, patients accept a hygienic bath or shower, and patients who need outside help are lowered into the bath on a sheet or put on a stool placed in the bath and doused with a shower.

A sanitary bath or shower in the emergency department (sometimes not quite correctly called sanitization) should be taken by all patients, then they change into hospital gowns. In practice, this rule is not always observed, which is due to several reasons. On the one hand, patients admitted to hospital on a planned basis usually take a shower or bath at home. On the other hand, in the admission department of a hospital, there are often not enough rooms and medical staff to organize a bath or shower for all incoming patients.

With regard to hospital linen (pajamas and gowns), it is often of low quality, and patients change into clothes taken from home. Therefore, patients take a bath in the emergency department and change into hospital gowns, usually only for certain indications (in infectious hospitals, with severe contamination of the skin, etc.).

Not allowed accept a hygienic bath for patients with serious illnesses (with a hypertensive crisis, acute myocardial infarction, acute cerebrovascular accident, with severe insufficiency blood circulation, tuberculosis in the active phase, etc.), some skin diseases, diseases requiring emergency surgical intervention, as well as women in childbirth. Usually in such cases, the patient's skin is wiped with a swab moistened with warm water and soap, then with clean water and wiped dry.

For rubbing, you can also use warm water with the addition of cologne or alcohol. Patients' nails are cut short.

If the patient is prescribed bed rest or independent movement is contraindicated, then he is transported to auxiliary diagnostic and treatment rooms, as well as to the dressing room or operating room on a special stretcher.

The nurse must be able to properly transfer a seriously ill patient from bed to wheelchair and vice versa.

For ease of carrying, the wheelchair can be placed in relation to the bed at right angles, parallel or in series. The patient should be transported on a stretcher carefully, the head end should be in the direction of travel.

The trolley for transporting patients with TBP-2 is designed to transport patients to operating rooms, X-ray, treatment rooms and other rooms within the hospital building. The trolley panel is adjusted to the desired height by a hydraulic device actuated by a foot pedal, which makes it easy to transfer patients. The cart has lateral folding protections. Raising and lowering the panel is hydraulically driven by a foot pedal. The trolley is designed to meet the requirements of modern medicine, it is safe, has a solid frame structure, which is convenient and reliable in operation. The trolley is mounted on wheels, two of which have brakes.

Alcohol-containing compresses are an old and proven remedy: their use is recommended not only by experienced herbalists, but also by qualified doctors in the complex treatment of many diseases. However, like any effective medicine, the use of dressings soaked in alcohol-containing solutions is not indicated for everyone and not always. Equally important for successful treatment is knowing how to make an alcohol compress correctly. This is an important issue and our article will be devoted to.

Action specifics

An alcohol compress is a bandage soaked in an alcohol-containing liquid. The warming effect that the compress has, perfectly eliminates the symptoms of many pathologies due to its following capabilities:

The ability to use "internal" heat allows you to warm not only the skin, but also the tissues of internal organs;
It has a pronounced analgesic effect, which manifests itself due to the uniform expansion of blood vessels;
By improving blood circulation, it allows tissues and organs to be better enriched with oxygen, which ensures the elimination of swelling, pain and inflammation.

An excellent bonus after the action of compresses will be an amazing cosmetic effect on the skin, because heat significantly expands the pores, so they become clean.

Indications for use

The warming bandage on the basis does not irritate the skin, but softens them. In addition, given the excellent dissolving capabilities of alcohol, it can be combined with extracts and infusions of medicinal herbs. With the help of "hot" abilities, healing components will quickly penetrate directly into the bloodstream.

The use of alcohol compresses is indicated for the following diseases:

During periods of development of angina and otitis media;
During exacerbation of articular pathologies;
With acquired disorders of the articular, muscular and ligamentous tissue (,);
With varicose veins and gout;
Radiculitis and persistent pain syndrome in;
For the treatment of thrombophlebitis and bumps that form after injections;
To eliminate dry calluses.

Despite the wide range of action of compresses, the use of the procedure should be previously agreed with the attending physician. The fact is that, in addition to a number of contraindications for warming dressings, there are still differences between the methods of their application, composition and duration of use.

Note!

For an alcohol bandage, only alcohol or vodka can be used. Moonshine should not be used, as it contains impurities, the penetration into the body of which is highly undesirable.

You can put compresses on almost everyone, even pregnant women and babies over 3 years old. Nevertheless, there are still contraindications to the use of "hot" dressings.

Prohibitions for use

We list contraindications to the use of an alcohol compress.

If the patient is under three years of age;
If they exceed the mark of 37 degrees;
With diagnosed oncology or suspicion of it.

It is forbidden to use bandages warming with alcohol for such pathologies:

Inflammation of the ear of a purulent form;
Purulent angina;
Thrombophlebitis in acute form;
Diseases and vessels;
Bronchitis;
Skin diseases, the manifestations of which are associated with open wounds or purulent inflammations;
for alcohol or alcohol-containing products.

Learning how to properly compress

In order for the treatment with alcohol heat to be successful, you need to know the technique of performing a compress. It consists of 6 consecutive stages:

Ethyl alcohol (also called medical) is diluted with water in a ratio of 1 to 3.
A piece of gauze, folded several times, or a dense fabric is dipped into the prepared solution, and then squeezed out.
Make sure that the size of the prepared folded cloth or bandage that makes up the first layer is significantly larger than the painful area on which it is placed.
Apply a second layer of compress paper. If you don't have one, use regular cellophane. The main task of the second layer is to prevent the rapid evaporation of "combustible" heat, preventing the fabric from drying out.
Then, with the help of a bandage, the finished structure is fixed so that it fits snugly against the skin and does not create strong pressure on the vessels.
The compress should be applied in such a way that the bandage soaked in alcohol does not have contact with air, otherwise it will dry out quickly, ceasing to supply heat.

Note!

If it is necessary to “warm up” a part of the body that has sensitive skin, it must be lubricated with baby cream or vegetable oil before applying the compress.

After applying the compress, you can tie a scarf on it: this method will keep the heat even longer.

Consider how a warming bandage is used correctly on different parts of the body.

Auricle

Joint problems

Treatment of diseases associated with joint problems with vodka compress is a frequent appointment of physicians. It helps especially well with pathological changes caused not only by the disease, but also. There are no specifics on how to make a compress on the knee. It is carried out according to the general scheme.

But if the pain syndrome was caused by diseases of the joints, accompanied by a strong inflammatory process, you can use the method that sports doctors call the “double blow”: before applying the alcohol compress, the sore spot must be thoroughly lubricated with Vishnevsky ointment.

Note!

After injury to the articular tissue, alcohol compresses, as well as other warming procedures, can only be used on the 2nd day after the injury.

Seals on the buttocks after injections

Painful "bumps" that occur after numerous injections bring serious discomfort to their owners. To quickly get rid of them, you can use warm compresses at night. Use cotton wool as an insulating layer, fixing it with adhesive tape.

corns

A very pressing problem for women, especially before the onset of the summer period. The algorithm for eliminating this unpleasant and ugly problem is as follows:

Soak your feet in warm water with sea salt for 20 minutes;
Dry your feet thoroughly;
Make an alcohol compress using 2 pairs of socks as the top layer: cotton and then wool;
Leave the compress overnight;
Treat your feet with a pumice stone in the morning;
Lubricate your feet with nourishing cream.

Dimexide

Dimexide is a good addition to folk recipes. This drug is produced as a special solution for compresses. The medicine has a whole range of possibilities:

Removal of the inflammatory process;
Improving metabolism and blood flow in the affected area;
Elimination of infectious agents.

Note!

Dimexide is a drug that is never used in its "pure" form! Its concentration and dosage depends on the pathology that needs to be eliminated. How to make a compress from Dimexide, the attending physician should tell on the basis of the diagnosis and features of the pathology.

The medicine should not be used by women and breastfeeding, as well as by children and elderly people. Moreover, the drug causes side reactions of the body and has some contraindications for use, so it should be used only after consulting a doctor.

Cold compress (cooling)- used for fractures, sprains and ruptures of ligaments, bleeding, bruises, headaches, for the prevention of increased pressure, with neurasthenia (on the area between the shoulder blades and lower leg). This type of compress leads to vasoconstriction and slows down metabolic processes, has an analgesic effect, as it reduces the sensitivity of nerve endings. Cold compresses are applied topically (if there is an injury, then they are useful only for the first time, up to a maximum of three days).

Hot compress used for chills (on the popliteal region), angina pectoris (on the left arm), migraine, colic (renal, hepatic), pain in the legs caused by spasms. It helps relieve spasm of blood vessels, internal organs, enhances blood flow and metabolic processes. It is done like this: a bandage, rolled up in a number of layers and soaked with hot water (from 60 to 70 degrees), is applied to the necessary area, an oilcloth is placed on top (in order to preserve the warming effect), if it cools down, then moisten again. It is not recommended at elevated temperature, pustular skin pathologies, high pressure, and the presence of fresh injuries (up to five days).

Warming compresses are used for inflammatory diseases of the mammary glands, when infiltrates occur after injections, also for myositis, radiculitis, gout, rheumatism, arthrosis and arthritis (on the knee or elbow), traumatic injuries of the joints and ligaments (after an acute period, it is placed on the joint), with inflammatory pathologies of the respiratory tract (throat, bronchi, trachea - a compress is placed on the throat or chest, respectively), ear.

Alcohol compress(vodka) is used for gout, sore throat (on the throat), otitis media (on the ear), laryngitis, radiculitis, rheumatism (on the lower back). The same layers are used as above, only instead of water - alcohol (96-degree alcohol in three parts of water or vodka 1: 1 with water). The therapeutic effect is based on reflex mechanisms. When an alcohol compress is applied, it is necessary to ensure that the compress paper completely covers the cloth soaked in alcohol, and that it is also tightly covered with a warming material. Because then the alcohol will evaporate into the external environment and the effect of such a compress will be minimal. For diseases of the joints and spine, formic alcohol is used. When angina attacks occur, it is better to use menthol alcohol (applied to the left hand or heart area). The time of application of such a compress will also depend on the severity of the pathology.

Turpentine compress used for bronchitis, pneumonia on the chest area. Not recommended for children, elderly and debilitated patients, also with skin pathologies. Before the procedure, the desired area of \u200b\u200bthe body must be warmed up (with a heating pad). Turpentine should be clean and warm, gauze is soaked with it and placed on the body area, compress paper is placed on top, then cotton wool and bandaged. The duration of the procedure is from two to six hours (depending on the severity of the disease). If the patient feels worse, then the compress must be removed and no longer put.

Fat compress used for diseases of the joints, lungs, spine. It is better to put it at night, the course of treatment is from five to twelve procedures. Gauze from several layers is impregnated with fat and placed on the required area, on top of cotton wool, a film, and bandaged. You can also add garlic to this compress (if there is no intolerance), and it is necessary that the fats be natural (for example, badger, seal, bear and some other animals). You can also use vegetable fats (sunflower, olive, corn, peach, sea buckthorn, rosehip oils), but before the procedure it must be irradiated (with ultraviolet light, at a distance of thirty centimeters), these oils are used for rheumatism, gout. It is done as before for two hours, three times a week, the course of treatment is from five to ten procedures.

Compresses with ointments are used for warming with minor injuries after three to five days after the injury; for this, warming ointments finalgon, voltaren and others are used. First you need to massage the damaged area, then rub the ointment, put a cotton pad on top, then compress paper, then a heater and fix it all. You can leave this compress on all night.

Compress with dimexide it is used for trophic ulcers, pustular skin pathologies, arthrosis, arthritis, spinal diseases, myositis, eczema, bruises, injuries of the traumatic ligamentous apparatus of the joints. This substance (Dimexide) acts as an analgesic, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory. It helps drugs penetrate deep into the tissues (being a kind of conductor). Dimexide is contraindicated in children, debilitated patients, pregnant women, patients with pathology of the cardiovascular system. Dimexide is used in solution (approximately 20%), if discomfort occurs (pain, itching, rash, and others), it is necessary to reduce the concentration or even abandon such a compress.

Ear compress for otitis media

For a cold with a sore throat or sore throat warming or alcohol compresses are often used (as described above), the compress is placed at night, the course of treatment is 5-7 days. With a runny nose that accompanies a sore throat, you can add a little menthol or eucalyptus oil to the compress.

Compress for cough

Melt 1 tablespoon of honey in 1 tablespoon of sunflower oil in a water bath. Add 1 tablespoon of vodka, stir.
Cut a thick canvas rag (not gauze or cotton, so that there are no burns from mustard plasters) to the size of the back, soak it in the resulting mixture and put it on the upper back. On top of the cloth, along the spine, with the back side (not mustard) put 2 mustard plasters, and across the back 2 more mustard plasters (that is, we “cover” the lungs with mustard plasters). Cover the back with cellophane. Tie a scarf crosswise. Lie on your back and lie down for 2-3 hours.
Apply compresses once a day for 3 days in a row. The second course can be repeated after 3 days.

Any warm compresses are contraindicated at elevated temperatures!

Compress for bruises

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A compress is a multi-layer bandage used for healing. It can be warming, cold, hot, medicinal. It must be remembered that when using compresses, medicines can cause skin irritation, and therefore, before making a compress, the skin must be lubricated with baby cream or petroleum jelly.

So how do you compress...

Warm compresses.

They are based on the fact that they do not use external heat, such as heating pads, but internal heat that accumulates in body tissues. They increase blood circulation not only in the skin, but also in the deeper tissues and organs, as a result of which puffiness decreases, inflammatory processes are removed, and convulsively contracted muscles relax. Indications for the use of a warming compress are infiltrates, inflammatory diseases of the joints, tonsillitis.
How to make a warm compress?
It is made up of four layers.
The first layer is a cotton cloth, a napkin or gauze folded four times in size slightly larger than the painful area. This cloth must be wetted with water at room temperature and squeezed out.
The second layer - compress paper or oilcloth is applied on top of the fabric, which protects the fabric from drying out and retains heat. The paper should be slightly larger than the first layer (one or two fingers on all sides).
The third layer - from above, both layers are covered with cotton wool, a woolen scarf or scarf, larger than both previous layers. This layer should be thick enough to keep you warm.
And finally, the fourth layer - all this is not tight, but dense enough so that air does not get inside the compress, they are bandaged and held for 6-8 hours. After removing the compress, the skin should be wiped with a warm soft towel.
Acute inflammatory diseases of the skin, skin diseases are a contraindication for the conduct of such procedures.
An alcohol compress is a kind of warming one with a more pronounced irritating effect. The technique of applying it is the same as that of a conventional warming one, with the difference that the fabric is not wetted with water, but with diluted alcohol in a ratio of 1:3 or vodka in a ratio of 1:2.

We will tell you how to make a compress on the ear. To do this, lubricate the skin around the auricle with petroleum jelly or baby cream. Then, in a slightly warmed alcohol solution (50 ml of alcohol per 50 ml of water) or vodka, soak gauze or a clean soft cloth, wring it out and put it around the ear. The shell itself and the ear canal must remain open. Cut out a circle from waxed or compress paper, make an incision in the middle and put it on the affected ear, again leaving the shell and ear canal open. Put cotton wool around the ear on top of the paper and secure it with a bandage. It is enough to keep the compress for 1-2 hours, it is not necessary to put it on at night, but then you can repeat it every day until the ear hurts. You can use for the procedure and camphor alcohol, half diluted with water.

medicinal compress. How to make a compress?

They have a more pronounced effect and are used with a 1% soda solution, drilling fluid, Vishnevsky ointment. The liquid or ointment used for compresses is warmed in warm water, then the first layer is wetted with it. For angina pectoris, it is recommended, for example, to put a compress on the heart area with a 5% alcohol solution of menthol. It is held until the pain subsides.

Hot compresses. How to make a compress?

It is used to reduce pain during spasms of blood vessels and muscles of internal organs. In addition, they excite the activity of the heart. With migraine, they are placed on the head, with angina - to the heart, with spastic pain in the bladder - to the stomach, with bronchial asthma - to the chest. A hot compress is made as follows.
Moisten the fabric of the first layer with hot water (60-70 degrees), wring out quickly and apply to the sore spot. Then, as usual, but do not bandage the hot compress, but hold it with your hand for several minutes, and then change the cooled fabric back to hot.
With the risk of bleeding, abdominal pain of unknown nature, inflammatory diseases in the abdominal cavity, hot compresses are contraindicated. They can not be put on the head with high blood pressure.

Cold compresses. How to make a compress?

They "take away" heat at the site of application, cause narrowing of not only superficial, but also deep-lying vessels, and relieve pain. Cold compresses are applied for fresh traumatic soft tissue injuries. joints, ligaments, local inflammatory processes, strong heartbeat, nosebleeds. They are used for fever in various parts of the body. In this case, it is recommended to soak a cotton cloth in cold water, wring it out, put it on the inflamed area, wrapping it with a dry cloth on top, and keep it from 40 minutes to 1.5 hours.

Compresses on the forehead and back of the head are applied cold during overloads. This procedure replaces the use of cold water in large quantities.

There are several types of compresses, distinguished by the way they work:

warm or warming;

cold;

alcoholic.

Let's look at each of them separately.

Warm

neurodermatitis;

skin ulcers;

fresh wounds;

boils;

carbuncles and other skin diseases.

Hot

Contraindications for a hot compress are as follows:

high body temperature;

high blood pressure;

skin diseases;

open wounds;

fresh bruises.

You probably won't need any other ingredients to make a hot compress, but if you want to make the compress more effective, you can add some essential oils to the hot water.

Cold

A cold compress is most often used in cases where other compresses cannot be applied, namely:

with headache;

with injury;

when stretching muscles and ligaments;

at elevated pressure;

with bleeding.

Cold compresses can help relieve pain in various parts of the body because cold compresses can desensitize nerve endings.

Alcoholic

Other types of compresses

Among other things, there are other types of compresses, such as a compress with dimexide and ointment.

Everyone who cares for the sick needs to know how to properly make a compress - a multi-layer bandage that acts as a absorbable and distracting agent. This procedure is simple and effective, but I want to warn you: before resorting to it, you should consult a doctor, since in some cases a compress can cause a worsening of the patient's condition. The exception is cold compresses (lotions) - they can be done at your own discretion.

A solution for a compress can be a teaspoon of vinegar diluted in 0.5 liters of water, vodka or alcohol diluted by half with water.

Warm compress

Warm compresses cause prolonged expansion of superficial and deep vessels, which leads to a rush of blood to the foci of inflammation, a subsidence of the inflammatory process, and a decrease in pain. Warm compresses are used for sore throats, colds and some inflammatory diseases. This procedure gives a good therapeutic effect, however, without consulting a doctor, I do not recommend doing a warming compress, since sometimes it can cause an exacerbation of the disease.

How to make a warm compress?

Fold a piece of clean soft cloth that absorbs moisture well into two or three layers, soak it in the solution and, wring it out slightly, apply it to the sore spot.

Top with oilcloth or waxed paper, which should be 2-3 centimeters wider than the damp cloth. Then put cotton wool, flannel or bike with a layer wider than oilcloth and carefully bandage the compress.

You can also put a woolen scarf or scarf on top. Each subsequent layer of compress paper, cotton wool, should overlap the previous one by 2 centimeters.

How long to keep the compress, check with your doctor. Water compress is recommended to keep from 6 to 10 hours. Compresses with vodka should be changed more often, as they quickly evaporate and the fabric dries out. Since such compresses irritate the skin, they cannot be kept for a long time.

To avoid skin irritation, when changing the compress, wipe it with vodka or cologne every time, dry it with a soft towel.

The break between compresses should be at least two hours.

If the compress is placed correctly, the removed cloth will be damp and warm. It sometimes happens that after applying a compress, the patient feels chills. This means that the compress is loosely bandaged and does not fit snugly to the body. In this case, it must be reapplied.

When the compress is applied to a large surface, the patient is advised to lie down.

hot compress

A hot compress is used to dissolve local inflammatory foci, it promotes active vasodilation and is used for migraine, intestinal, renal and hepatic colic, as well as after injury, but not earlier than on the second day. Causing an intense local increase in blood circulation, muscle relaxation, hot compresses have a distinct analgesic effect.

Moisten a soft cloth folded in several layers in hot water (60-70 degrees), quickly wring it out and attach it to the body, cover it with oilcloth or waxed paper of a larger size, and on top with a thick layer of cotton wool, a woolen scarf or blanket.

Change the hot compress after 5-10 minutes until the pain subsides.

You can not do compresses for skin diseases and irritation.

L.S. ZALIPKINA, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of the General Nursing Course, Department of Propaedeutics, I.M. Sechenov

Compress- a medical procedure, which consists in applying a tissue to a certain part of the body, dry or impregnated with a medicinal substance, a means for local irritating or nourishing effects on the skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscles for the purpose of healing.

Compresses are dry, wet, cold, warming, hot - depending on the therapeutic purpose and the nature of the disease itself. Here we will talk about why compresses are needed, what they treat, what they are and how to do them correctly - apply them at home.

Compresses: dry and wet

Dry compresses

A dry compress is made from several layers of sterile gauze, covered with cotton wool and secured with a bandage. It is used to protect the diseased organ from cooling, damage (wounds, bruises) and pollution. The therapeutic effect depends on how the compress is applied.

Improper use of it can lead to undesirable consequences. For example, a warm compress applied to skin lubricated with iodine can cause a burn.

Wet compresses

There are three types of wet compresses:

cold,
hot,
warming.

Cold compress

Cold compress, causing local cooling and narrowing of blood vessels, reduces blood supply and pain sensation. It is used for headache (caused by high temperature), for pain in general, bruising, cerebral hemorrhage, bleeding, palpitations, mental agitation and delirium of the patient.

When applying a cold compress, the nurse or sister should not leave, as the change of napkins should be done every 2-3 minutes.

Overlay method: a piece of gauze or linen, folded in several layers, is moistened in cold (preferably ice) water, squeezed out and applied to the corresponding part of the body. When it warms up (after 2-3 minutes), it is replaced with a new one. The duration of the cold compress is 10-60 minutes.

Kneipp cold compress example

When using cold compresses, remember that the compresses must be well squeezed out and changed as they dry. In addition, they must be sufficiently thick and moist. When the compress is applied, it is necessary to check whether the outside air penetrates under the compress from above or below, if it is, it is necessary to put a blanket, scarf, shawl on top.

Compression on the body: superimposed with excessive accumulation of gases in the stomach and intestines. It is necessary to moisten a thick blanket with water, cover the body so that it is tightly covered, wrap a woolen blanket on top and hold for 45-60 minutes. Such a compress can be repeated several times, again and again wetting the coverlet.

Compress on the back: has an analgesic effect for back pain, osteochondrosis. Put the dampened bedspread on the bed, after placing the oilcloth, lie on your back and cover yourself with a woolen blanket. The time for taking the procedure is 45 minutes.

Compress on torso and back: effective for high heat, accumulation of gases, hot flashes, hypochondria and other diseases. The compress can be done either one after the other, or simultaneously. Lie down on the dorsal compress and put another on the body and cover yourself with a warm blanket. The duration of the compress is 45-60 minutes.

Compress on the stomach: useful for heaviness in the stomach, colic and other diseases. A dense cloth soaked in water is squeezed out, put on the lower abdomen and covered with a warm blanket on top.

Hot compress

hot compress locally warms the tissues, contributing to the expansion of blood vessels and a rush of blood. It reflexively excites cardiac activity, relaxes spasm of smooth muscles, promotes the resorption of inflammatory infiltrates. Hot compresses are prescribed for various colic, angina pectoris, pulmonary edema, etc.

Overlay method: a piece of cloth or a napkin dipped in hot water (temperature 60–70 degrees), quickly squeezed out and applied to the surface of the body, covered with cotton wool and oilcloth from above, lightly tied. Change after 10 minutes. You can replace the hot compress with poultices or heating pads.

Warming compress

Warm compress used as a resolving and distracting agent. It reduces evaporation and heat transfer from the skin, causes a prolonged expansion of skin vessels. As a result, superficial sensitivity decreases, metabolism increases and pain subsides during muscle spasms.

A warming compress is used for local inflammations (angina, tonsillitis, pleurisy during resorption, etc.). The warm compress should always be larger than the lesion.

Overlay method: a piece of cloth folded in several layers and soaked in water at a temperature of 10–14 degrees, squeezed out, applied to the skin and covered with oilcloth (second layer). The third layer (cotton, batting) serves to retain the heat generated under the compress. The layer of cotton should completely cover the oilcloth. The compress is bandaged so that it fits snugly to the body, does not move and does not interfere with movement and blood circulation. Change the warm compress after 6-8 hours.

In young children, compresses are not used (they have very delicate skin, which quickly undergoes maceration).

Sometimes, instead of water warming compresses, they put vodka or semi-alcohol ones. They have a stronger effect on the skin, so they should be changed more often.

What compresses can be placed at elevated temperatures?

Elevated body temperature - the body's active fight against infection - bacteria and viruses and the release of toxins. If the body temperature rises above 38.5 degrees, the body experiences a great load, it is necessary to help it reduce the high temperature with antipyretic drugs and agents. The same task is quite possible to perform with the help of compresses - a safe tool that you need to learn how to use.

Compresses to reduce body temperature

A compress with vinegar helps a lot, which evaporates and leads to a decrease in body temperature. To prepare a compress, you need to take 1 glass of water, add 1 tablespoon of table vinegar, moisten gauze in it and put it on the forehead and calves of the patient, who should not be covered from above.

Some doctors recommend rubbing instead of compresses, it is more effective. In this method, the entire surface of the body is processed. The therapeutic effect appears after 35 minutes, the first method - a compress - still brings down body temperature faster.

It is worth paying attention: a small amount of quality products is currently being produced, use vinegar carefully, especially in children, there are serious allergic skin reactions.

Compress at a temperature for a small child

Recipe: take a glass of water, add a small amount of vinegar (1 tablespoon per 200 ml of water), moisten a handkerchief, wring it out and put it on the child's forehead, cover the child with a towel from above. The compress can be used when the body temperature is above 38.5 degrees, lowering the temperature is undesirable.

With the help of this compress, you can cure a sore throat. Take a potato, grate it, add a little vinegar, carefully fold everything into cheesecloth. Apply a compress to a sore throat, wrap a scarf over it.

With a very strong cough, boil hot potatoes (several potatoes) in an enamel pan, add vinegar (1 tablespoon), mash. Put everything on a linen towel, the compress should not be hot, it should warm up well. Withstand the compress for up to 25 minutes until it cools down.

With the help of compresses with vinegar, you can bring the heels back to normal, the skin will soften, then apply a nourishing and healing cream.

Compresses at elevated temperatures

With the help of a wet compress, you can ensure that the high body temperature begins to decrease. When the patient feels intense heat, you need to remove the compress and apply a cold one first to the forehead, then to the calves and carpal area. Cover the patient with a blanket.

If the patient's temperature rises to 40 degrees, a warm compress cannot be applied, only a cool one is allowed. The procedure is carried out until the temperature completely begins to steadily decrease.

Compress based on essential oil at a temperature

At a very high body temperature, you need to take bergamot oil, eucalyptus and honey for a compress, mix everything and apply on the forehead. They also advise this recipe: take half a glass of alcohol, essential oils and apply a compress on the calf area, you can additionally rub the soles, for this use vegetable oil, essential oil from cedar, fir, rub them into the skin until it becomes dry . Then put on warm socks.

Proven compress recipes at temperature

Rub the patient with alcohol or vodka: starting from the legs, ending with the head. Let the patient then change into dry underwear, a lot of sweat will be released. A person is comfortable when coolness touches a hot body. The temperature drops noticeably by 5 degrees.

You can use an acetic-alcohol compress: in a half-liter jar of water, add 1 tablespoon of alcohol and 1 tbsp. l. vinegar, the person is completely rubbed, then they take a newspaper, a fan and blow it well, the heat quickly goes out and the body temperature drops.

If the temperature is 38.5 degrees, use 3% vinegar, which can be applied to the feet, knees, chest. In cases of high temperature up to 40 degrees, you need to use vinegar 6% or 9%. Compresses are made from it, gauze is wetted and applied to the entire forehead. As soon as it heats up, change it to a cold one. After 30 minutes, the patient will feel better, he can go to bed.

A small child can be wrapped in a wet towel for 20 minutes, let the heels and head be open. This method of setting the compress can be used when there is no chill, but if it is, it is better to take a slightly warm shower. It is recommended to drink tea with raspberries, lemon. The more sweat is released, the faster the high temperature drops.

Side effects of compresses from temperature

Alcohol and vinegar should not be used for young children, it can lead to febrile convulsions, allergic reactions (itching, rashes, breathing problems). If adverse effects appear, you should immediately remove the compress, wipe the skin with water. Newborn children should not be rubbed with alcohol at all in order to avoid acute intoxication.

Compresses at a temperature are an alternative antipyretic. When applying compresses, consider the age, characteristics of the body. Before use, it is better to consult a doctor.

At high temperatures, it is not recommended to use warming compresses, they further increase the temperature and worsen the patient's condition, only cooling compresses relieve a person from fever, chills, and convulsions. Use compresses very carefully for small children.

What ear compresses do children with otitis media?

If a child has one or both ears that hurt, first you need to remove the inflammation and relieve the pain. Of course, the first step is to call a doctor who will determine what kind of infection your child has visited and prescribe a comprehensive treatment. With a strong, disturbing baby pain in the ear, a compress applied to the ear will definitely help. It is recommended to keep the compress for the child up to 2 hours.

To determine if there is inflammation of the ear in a small child who does not yet speak, you need to lightly press on the tragus of the child's ear. If at the same time the child cries, then his ear hurts.

Types of ear compresses

Compresses on the ear are dry and wet:

Dry compresses on the ear can be done on the basis of river sand or ordinary salt. They are usually used to warm the ear and absorb exudate (fluid that forms in the ear during inflammation). Or at the stage of recovery to warm up the diseased area.
The most popular and easy to prepare are wet compresses with vodka or alcohol diluted in half. An oil compress on the ear is made on the basis of camphor or other vegetable oil. Compresses from herbs, propolis, onions are excellent for inflammatory diseases of the ear.

All compresses work in the same way: they anesthetize and relieve inflammation. It is generally accepted that alcohol compresses have antiseptic properties.

Babies should not be given alcohol compresses. due to the interaction of the baby's skin with alcohol and its negative effect on the baby's nervous system.

Oil compresses on the ear help well for infants.

How to prepare ingredients for compresses from herbs, propolis, onions?

herbal compress with the outside you need to do as follows. Prepare a decoction of pharmaceutical herbs with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects: calendula, sage, thyme, chamomile. Pour 0.5 liters of boiling water over 1 tablespoon of each herb, boil for 10 minutes and leave for 30 minutes. Cool down. The decoction is ready.
Compress with propolis for children it is prepared from dry matter or from alcohol tincture. For babies under 1 year old, to prepare a compress, it is enough to dilute 1 g of dry propolis or 1 drop of propolis glue in 100 ml of warm water. Children from 3 years old can use alcohol tincture of propolis. Important note: you can use a propolis compress only if you are not allergic to honey components.
For onion compress juice is squeezed out of a fresh onion, cotton wool is moistened in it and placed in the child's ear. Onions have good anti-inflammatory properties due to the phytoncides contained in it. The action of these volatile substances increases blood flow and treats inflammation.

How to apply a dry compress to a child's ear: instructions in pictures

How to make a dry ear compress with salt?

It is necessary to sew a bag from natural fabric, the size of a palm.
Heat the salt in a dry frying pan until it is warm.
Pour the salt into the bag.
Fix a bag with a warm bulk ingredient on a sore spot, wrapping your head with a warm scarf or scarf.

How to put a warm ear compress of vodka, boric, camphor alcohol on a child?

Before you put an ear compress, you must first remove the child's earrings, hairpins, if necessary, gently wipe the child's ear with a cotton swab (you should not clean the ear canal). Compression on the ears can be done in several ways.

Method number 1

For this procedure you will need:

gauze or bandage;
cotton wool;
polyethylene or compress paper;
compress ingredients: vodka, herbal decoction, propolis tincture or other;
shawl or scarf;
scissors.

Algorithm for applying a wet compress

It is folded into several layers of gauze or bandage, so that when folded it turns out to be a square the size of a child's palm.
A slit is made in the gauze square or an oval is cut out in the middle, as large as a child's ear.
A slightly larger square is cut out of polyethylene or compress paper than from gauze, the same incision is made.
The gauze square is abundantly moistened in a pre-prepared decoction of herbs or in a warm alcohol solution or vodka, or in warm oil, or in propolis tincture, or onion juice (depending on what you decide to make a compress from).
The moistened cotton is well wrung out so that liquid does not drip from it. The compress should be warm. But not hot!
On top of the gauze, a polyethylene square is applied to the ear. It should be completely covering the gauze.
Then the compress is fixed with a warm scarf or scarf.

Method number 2

This method of applying an ear compress is simpler than the first method, but no less effective.

In a liquid ingredient for a compress (alcohol, vodka, oil, herbal decoction, etc.), heated to a temperature slightly above body temperature, moisten cotton wool, squeeze it strongly. If it is an alcohol-containing ingredient, then you first need to grease around the child's ear with a fat baby cream.
Put wet cotton in your ear.
Put a thick layer of cotton wool on top of the ear and fix it with a warm bandage.

Method number 3

Drop a few drops (depending on the age of 1-3 drops) of an alcohol-containing solution, propolis tincture, oil directly into the child's sore ear.
Cover the ear canal with cotton.
Secure with a warm scarf.

When should children not be given ear compresses?

Do not put warm compresses on the ear:

at high temperature;
with purulent otitis;
with complications of the middle ear;
with otitis media.

A warm compress can cause the infection to spread. Therefore, it is very important to determine the correct diagnosis before putting a compress.

If 38 degrees and above, then the compress can not be placed. In this case, you should consult a doctor, as ear pain can be a complication of the ongoing flu.

With inflammation of the middle and inner ear, compresses alone will not help, antibiotics are needed here, which the doctor prescribes.

If you suspect a serious infection (fever, cough, runny nose), you should immediately call a doctor, as a cold develops much faster in children than in adults and can cause complications.

Compress is the oldest medical procedure, first described by Hippocrates. It is a therapeutic multi-layer bandage that acts as a distraction and absorbable agent.
By the nature of the impact, this procedure is divided into several main types: cold (lotions), hot, warming and medicinal compresses.

How to do a healing compress. Compress types.

Cold compresses.

A cold, or cooling, compress (lotion) is effective for bruises, bleeding, fractures and sprains. This is the safest of compresses. The only contraindication to its use is pneumonia.
Such compresses are recommended for nosebleeds, migraines and functional pains in the heart area. They are often used to prevent an increase in blood pressure in the elderly during thermal procedures (for example, baths).

The action of such a compress is to constrict blood vessels and slow down trophic processes in the body. Due to the ability to reduce the sensitivity of nerve endings, it can also be used as an anesthetic.

A cold compress is applied topically to inhibit acute inflammatory processes, reduce swelling and reduce pain. It is also used for neurasthenia (with a gradual decrease in water temperature on the interscapular region and lower leg) and elevated body temperature.

To carry out this procedure, you will need a clean towel (a piece of gauze folded in several layers, or a large skein of cotton wool). It is moistened in cold water or a medicinal product (for example, a decoction of plants), squeezed out and applied to a sore spot. After heating the compress, it is again dipped into a cold liquid and again placed on the inflamed area of the body. Usually the procedure is repeated every 2-4 minutes until relief occurs.

Instead of cold water, you can use ice (water frozen in a tight plastic bag) or pure snow. In this case, between repeated procedures, you need to take a break of 10-15 minutes. Such compresses are not recommended for children.

Hot compresses.

Such a compress is used as a resolving agent for local inflammation. The procedure is carried out with renal, hepatic or intestinal colic, migraine with spasm of cerebral vessels, angina attacks, bronchial asthma, joint pain and muscle spasms of the lower extremities. Hot compresses are also effective for injuries, but in this case they should not be started immediately, but only on the 2nd day.

This procedure activates metabolic processes, eliminates vasospasm, increases local blood flow and relaxes the muscles, which leads to a pronounced analgesic effect.

For the procedure, you will need a gauze napkin or other natural fabric that absorbs water well. It is moistened in water heated to 60–70 ° C, squeezed slightly and applied to the sore spot. To keep warm, an oilcloth or plastic wrap is placed on top, then cotton wool, and on top of it - a woolen cloth, blanket or heating pad. The compress needs to be changed every 10-15 minutes.

You can enhance the impact of such a procedure with the help of drugs or natural remedies (decoctions, infusions, etc.).

Hot compresses are contraindicated for purulent skin diseases and bleeding. In addition, they cannot be carried out at elevated body temperature and high blood pressure, as well as in the presence of inflammatory processes in the abdominal cavity.

Warm compresses.

These compresses lead to a prolonged expansion of superficial and deep blood vessels, as well as to a rush of blood to the focus of inflammation, as a result of which it resolves, and pain disappears.

Warm compresses are used for certain inflammations, sore throats, colds, infiltrates after injections, myositis, cervical osteochondrosis, lumbar radiculitis, rheumatism, gout, arthrosis, arthritis, consequences of injuries to the joints, ligaments and bones. These procedures are also useful in the treatment of inflammation of the ear, throat, larynx, trachea and bronchi.

Since a warm compress has a strong therapeutic effect, it is necessary to consult a doctor before using it. The fact is that in some cases, such a procedure can lead to an exacerbation of the disease.

This compress will require gauze or other fabric (cotton, linen), folded in 3-5 layers. It is dipped in water or a healing solution at room temperature, squeezed lightly and applied to the sore spot. The compress should extend about 2 cm beyond the edges of the problem area.

Compression paper is placed on top, which should be 3-4 cm larger than the fabric, and a layer of cotton wool. Then this part of the body is covered with a woolen cloth and fixed with a bandage, scarf or warm scarf.

The action of a warming compress is to form an environment with high humidity and temperature under the compress paper (steam bath conditions). It is very important that each subsequent layer overlaps the previous one, in which case the moisture will not evaporate ahead of time.

If chills appear after the start of the procedure, it means that the warming compress is poorly made, it must be removed and applied correctly. When cotton wool or compress paper does not completely cover the moistened gauze, or everything was loosely fixed, air begins to enter the space between the compress and the skin. In this case, the evaporation of moisture will not cause warming, but cooling.

A warming compress, unlike a heating pad, uses not external, but internal heat, which accumulates during the procedure in body tissues. Its action is to improve the blood supply to cells and accelerate metabolic processes.

As a result, the healing substance from the compress penetrates through the opened skin pores into deeper tissues. Swelling decreases, inflammation subsides, painfully contracted muscles relax.

Checking the correct application of the compress is simple: just put your finger under the bandage and determine the moisture content of the inner layer. The procedure is carried out well, if after 2 hours the inner layer is not dry, but remains wet.
After removing the compress, the skin should be rinsed with warm water and blotted dry with a terry towel, and then wrapped.

You can not use the same fabric for a second procedure, as it accumulates toxic substances released from the skin. Before making a new compress, the matter must be washed.

If the compress is used to treat trophic ulcers or non-healing wounds, compress paper cannot be used in it. With the expansion of the veins of the lower extremities, compresses are used with decoctions of chamomile, sage and horsetail; with allergies - decoctions of viburnum, succession and celandine.

The duration of one procedure and the temperature of the compress depend on the medicinal substance used. Exposure can last from 2 to 8 hours (but not more than 12 hours). The compress can be put on the night. The course of treatment is usually 5-20 procedures. If necessary, a warm compress can be done 2 times a day, but in this case, the break should be at least 2 hours to avoid skin irritation.

It is recommended to change medical dressings in the morning and in the evening.
In the event that rashes appear on the skin after a warming compress, it must be lubricated with baby cream or treated with baby powder. Further procedures using the drug that caused the allergic reaction must be abandoned.

If vodka (alcohol) is used for a warming compress, it must be borne in mind that it evaporates quickly. Because of this, bandages need to be changed more often. You can not resort to such procedures often, as they irritate the skin.

A warming compress is contraindicated in dermatitis and pustular diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (boils, carbuncles, erysipelas). Do not use it for eczema, psoriasis, neurodermatitis, lichen, bleeding of any kind, skin lesions, purulent otitis, bronchitis, pleurisy and tumors.

A warm compress should also be discarded at elevated body temperature and allergic skin rashes. This procedure is not recommended for people suffering from II-III degree cardiovascular diseases with symptoms of heart failure, as well as for atherosclerosis with damage to the cerebral vessels and fresh thrombosis (thrombophlebitis, varicose veins).

A variety of ingredients can be used for medicinal compresses, including vodka, alcohol, cologne, a weak vinegar solution, oil extracts, herbal decoctions, juice and gruel from berries or vegetables (potatoes, cabbage, etc.).

With cervical sciatica, rheumatism, osteochondrosis, gout and injuries, compresses with alcohol, which is diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 3, or with vodka diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1, have a good effect. The cloth moistened with alcohol should not come into contact with the external environment so that evaporation from under the compress does not occur. Compress paper is placed on the alcohol pad, and covered with a warm cloth on top.

Compresses with oil extracts are called activated. For them, natural vegetable oils are used, for example, sea buckthorn, rosehip, juniper, peach, olive. Such compresses are good for joint diseases (sciatica, gout) and the consequences of joint injuries. They can also be used for skin diseases (ulcers, burns, long non-healing wounds, etc.).

A good therapeutic effect can be achieved by using medicinal plants in compresses (cherry or lingonberry leaves, raspberries, junipers). Herbal decoctions and infusions are most often used for lotions.

Compresses on large joints of the upper and lower extremities
The compress on the large joints of the arms and legs is applied according to the following scheme.
Prepare a piece of warm woolen cloth of such a size that it can wrap the joint twice. Spread the fabric on a stool or chair, put compress paper on top.

Moisten gauze or other cotton cloth with water or prepared medicine, squeeze lightly and put on compress paper. Gently wrap the diseased joint with a prepared three-layer compress and leave for the allotted time.

Compresses on small joints.

Such compresses are applied by bandaging. Then you need to put on warm socks on your feet, and woolen gloves on your hands.
The bandaging method also performs compresses on the face and head area.
Compresses for the back

Such a compress is carried out to relieve pain in the back and spine, and is also used for blood stagnation and feverish heat.

A piece of cotton fabric folded several times in length from the 1st cervical vertebra to the coccyx is placed on a woolen blanket. You need to lie on it with your back, wrapping the edges of the matter on your sides. Then you should cover yourself with a warm quilted blanket so that the air does not get on the compress.
Keep the compress for 45 minutes. If necessary, the procedure can be repeated.

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