The initial consultation in the clinic of plastic surgery involves not only answering the patient's questions, but also identifying the main points of his medical history. At this stage, the surgeon asks the patient to provide a medical record and clarify what medications are currently being taken. This is necessary in order to prevent possible negative consequences that may be caused by inattentive and negligent attitude to the patient's state of health during the period of his preparation for surgery.

Based on the information collected, the surgeon informs the patient which tests should be done before rhinoplasty. It should be borne in mind that the list of tests for each surgeon may be different and include additional items. In addition, before the operation under general anesthesia, the patient is given a more detailed list.

List of tests before rhinoplasty

1. General urine analysis
2. Clinical blood test
3. Blood chemistry
4. Blood test for HIV and syphilis (RW)
5. Analysis for hepatitis C and B (HSV and HBS antigen)
6. X-ray of the paranasal sinuses
7. Coagulogram and blood test for prothrombin
8. ECG with interpretation
9. Blood type and Rh factor

In addition, the patient must obtain the opinion of the therapist and consult with his dentist.

Rhinomanometry is performed to detect nasal breathing problems. The state of the paranasal tissues is assessed according to the results of an x-ray or computed tomography.

Absolutely all patients preparing for rhinoplasty are tested for hemoglobin. A low hemoglobin level may indicate anemia. In this case, patients are prescribed a complex of homeopathic remedies with a high iron content. It is advisable to take a blood test no later than three weeks before the operation. This will allow you to determine the level of hemoglobin in advance and, if necessary, increase it to the required level with the help of vitamin supplements.

Main contraindications

Even before passing all the basic medical tests, the patient must inform the surgeon about such health problems as: eye diseases, thyroid diseases, heart disease, high blood pressure, circulatory disorders, diabetes, blood clotting disorders, keloid scars, etc. The surgeon may ask the patient if they smoke and if they have had other face and nose plastic surgeries before.

During the initial consultation, the surgeon provides the patient with a list of medications that should be avoided before and after the test and during the first month after the operation. In addition, the patient should refrain from drinking alcohol and salty foods three days before the operation. This will reduce the likelihood of fluid retention in the body and will reduce the degree of swelling after rhinoplasty.

Any surgical intervention carries a potential danger to the patient. To achieve a good result, the experience of the surgeon alone is not enough, since much depends on the patient himself.

There is only one way to avoid trouble during the operation - to prepare well for it. Patients must scrupulously follow all the instructions of specialists and undergo mandatory preoperative preparation.

Indications for plastic surgery

Indications for rhinoplasty can be various defects in appearance:

• disproportionate size of the nose;
• large nostrils;
• hump,
• thickened tip of the nose;
• curvature of the nasal septum;
• congenital and acquired deformities of the nose;
• genetic defects in appearance (for example, cleft lip), etc.

Features of preparation for surgery

The process of preparing for rhinoplasty includes several stages:

1. The first consultation with a plastic surgeon, during which he examines the patient, determines the scope of the upcoming surgical intervention and makes appointments.
2. Blood and urine tests are taken to the laboratory.
3. The patient is undergoing a medical examination.
4. Consultations are held with highly specialized specialists, who were identified by the surgeon (therapist, anesthesiologist, cardiologist, neuropathologist, dentist, etc.).
5. The second consultation with a plastic surgeon takes place before rhinoplasty, in which the doctor takes photographs of the patient's nose and markings.

• a few weeks before surgery, it is necessary to completely stop taking medications that thin the blood (this requirement must be met unquestioningly to eliminate the risk of bleeding during surgery);
• stop taking hormonal drugs and other drugs, especially those affecting the level of blood pressure (if the patient has chronic diseases that require regular medication, he needs to consult a doctor);
• a month before surgery, it is necessary to quit smoking and stop drinking alcoholic beverages (nicotine often leads to the formation of blood clots in the postoperative period);
• temporarily stop taking vitamin and mineral complexes;
• stop visiting tanning salons, as well as minimize the time spent under the rays of the sun, etc.

6-8 hours before plastic surgery, the patient must:

• stop taking solid food (bowel cleansing is prescribed, which can be done through an enema or a special drug);
• it is forbidden to use cosmetics, including lotions and creams;
• before visiting the operating room, the patient must take a shower, put on sterile clothes (usually issued in medical institutions).

After the surgery, the patient is taken on a gurney to his room. Within a few hours, he will recover from anesthesia (it is not recommended to drink water, as a gag reflex may occur).

If the patient is thirsty, he can moisten his lips with a damp cotton or gauze pad.

The patient will have to spend the night in the walls of a medical institution, and the next day (in the absence of complications) he will be discharged home for rehabilitation.

During the entire recovery period, the patient must comply with the instructions of his doctor, take medications, undergo physiotherapy procedures and regularly attend examinations.

Mandatory tests

During the appointment, the plastic surgeon must give the patient a list of laboratory and hardware tests that he must undergo before nose rhinoplasty:

1. Biochemical and clinical blood test, which determines the indicators of protein, glucose, creatine, ALT, AST, bilirubin, etc.
2. General urine analysis.
3. Analysis that determines the time of blood clotting (INR, PTI);
4. A blood test that determines the patient's Rh factor;
5. Blood tests revealing sexually transmitted and infectious diseases (even in a latent form): viral hepatitis of group B - HbsA, C - HCV; AIDS; syphilis (RW), etc.
6. ECG (cardiogram is done to all, without exception, patients).
7. Fluorography or radiography (the picture shows the condition of the bronchi and lungs of the patient).
8. Nomogram of the bones of the nose and maxillary sinuses (this diagnostic method allows you to determine the condition of cartilage and bone tissues and identify any pathology at an early stage).
9. Rhinomanometry is prescribed to prevent breathing problems in the patient in the postoperative period.

Additional tests

After examining a patient who is scheduled for nose rhinoplasty, a plastic surgeon may have doubts about the work of some of his internal organs and systems.

In this case, the patient is sent for additional examination:

• in case of disruption of the endocrine system, blood donation is prescribed to determine the indicators of hormones;
• in case of violation of the functioning of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, patients are sent for an ultrasound examination, including endoscopy of the stomach;
• if the patient is at risk of developing postoperative complications, he will need to consult a dentist;
• people who have heart disease are prescribed echocardiography in addition to the cardiogram;
• in the presence of disorders of the nervous system, the patient is referred for a consultation with the appropriate specialist;
• if neoplasms are suspected, patients are prescribed magnetic resonance or computed tomography, which can determine the type of tumor;
• about problems with the vessels of the brain will help to find out a hardware examination of the EEG, etc.

Prices

Today, many Russian medical institutions perform rhinoplasty within the walls of their operating rooms.

The cost of such a surgical intervention directly depends on the degree of complexity of the defect, the age and health of the patient.

Prices for examinations in Moscow clinics are presented in the table.

Video: What is rhinoplasty

Conclusion

In order for rhinoplasty to be successful, the patient must undergo thorough preparation for plastic surgery.

He should send the necessary tests, conduct hardware diagnostics and get advice from highly specialized specialists, who will be indicated by the attending physician.

If there are no contraindications, which will be confirmed by the performed examination, the patient will undergo a rhinoplasty of the nose, through which all visible and hidden defects will be eliminated.

Discussion: 3 comments left.

I have an annual preventive examination by an otolaryngologist, as I have a deviated nasal septum and various problems often arise. My doctor advised me to do a rhinoplasty to normalize nasal breathing, as well as to remove a visual defect. The operation was done in a private clinic, which my friend told me about. Rhinoplasty lasted for 1 hour, I was given general anesthesia, from which I recovered very quickly and did not experience any side effects. During rehabilitation, I felt severe pain, there was swelling of the eyelids, and nasal breathing was almost completely absent. After a few months, everything was completely gone, and I was able to evaluate the result, which I was very pleased with.

I recently turned 18 years old, and I began to think about rhinoplasty, because in childhood I had an unsuccessful fall, as a result of which there was a severe curvature of the nasal septum. Choosing a clinic where plastic surgery will be done, I began a very long time ago, I studied Internet resources, asked my friends. I decided to turn to a well-known medical center, which has been conducting such operations for a long time. I have to go to the surgeon in a week. I am very afraid of anesthesia, but I am reassured by the fact that now only safe anesthetics are used that do not harm the vessels of the brain. I hope the operation will be successful, and in a few months I will be able to pleasantly surprise my friends with a new appearance.

Since childhood, I did not like my nose, which even then had large sizes and a hump. I firmly decided to correct this defect, and when I was 25 years old, I turned to a plastic surgeon. Previously, I carefully studied articles about rhinoplasty and reviews of former patients, so I went to the appointment with a specialist confidently and without fear. Before the operation, I had to undergo training, which included taking tests, hardware examinations and consultations with other specialists. During the plastic surgery, I underwent otoplasty and rhinoplasty at the same time. I came to my senses very quickly. Discomfort and severe pain appeared the next day. But it’s okay, all this can be endured, but now I have the nose of my dreams and am very pleased with my appearance.

If abnormalities are detected, the patient may be assigned an ultrasound examination of the liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and kidneys. Changes in blood biochemistry may also indicate the presence of metabolic disorders and endocrinological diseases. Abnormal blood glucose levels may indicate the development of metabolic syndrome or a decrease in cell sensitivity to insulin. Both conditions are precursors to type 2 diabetes. If such violations are detected, a glucose tolerance test and other additional tests are prescribed.

Basic laboratory examination methods are prescribed before all operations. The patient passes these tests both before aesthetic rhinoplasty and before plastic surgery, which is carried out according to functional indications (breathing disorders due to deviated nasal septum). The list of laboratory tests before rhinoplasty includes: a general clinical blood test, a general urinalysis, an analysis of the coagulation system (coagulogram, prothrombin index, blood clotting time), blood biochemistry (bilirubin, creatinine, liver enzymes ALT and AST, urea), blood glucose, analysis blood for markers of viral infections (HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C), blood type, Rh factor. A general clinical blood test is the basic method of screening diagnostics. With its help, many deviations from the norm can be detected, including the presence of a latent pathology in the body, a tumor process, and a chronic focus of infection. The doctor receives information about the state of the immune system, the number of red and white blood cells, and the level of hemoglobin.

After rhinoplasty, internal hematomas may form, which are a complication of the operation. The acceleration of blood clotting is also dangerous, because it can lead to thrombosis with the most serious consequences. If changes in the blood coagulation system are detected, rhinoplasty is not performed! The operation is possible only after a complete medical correction of the identified violations. A biochemical blood test is another analysis for screening diagnostics, in which the work of the hepatobiliary (liver, pancreas) and urinary systems is analyzed in more detail.

ANALYSIS BEFORE RHINOPLASTY

Tests for immunological markers of viral infections are mandatory laboratory tests before surgical interventions.

Like the KLA, urinalysis is used as a screening diagnostic method, which sets the vector for further diagnostic examination when abnormalities are detected. Analysis of the function of the blood coagulation system is the most important point of the diagnostic program. Slowing down of coagulation is fraught with severe blood loss during plastic surgery. The risk of bleeding in the postoperative period increases.

Tests before rhinoplasty: diagnostic plan. Surgical intervention is associated with operational and anesthetic risks. This is true both in relation to operations of general surgery and in relation to plastic surgery, the purpose of which is the correction of aesthetic defects. Rhinoplasty is no exception to the general rule. At the stage of preoperative preparation, a diagnostic examination is prescribed, which allows you to exclude contraindications, identify hidden violations, and carry out medical correction of the patient's deviations from the norm. Diagnostics before operations of rhinosurgery pursues another goal - obtaining detailed information about all structures of the facial and nasal skeleton, their relative position. For this, both the latest and traditional methods of visualizing deep anatomical structures are used - X-ray diagnostics, computed tomography, rhinoscopy.

Changes in the blood test make it possible to determine the direction of further, more targeted and specific research of organs and systems. Urinalysis is done to assess the function of the urinary system, but not only for this. The qualitative and quantitative composition of urine changes against the background of various diseases.

ANALYSIS BEFORE PLASMOLIFTING

Is it possible to tighten the skin with plasmolifting? It is possible, but within 2-3 mm. 45. Is it possible to combine plasmolifting with other procedures for rejuvenation? ...