Vaginal prolapse - causes, degrees, methods of treatment and surgery. What to do with the omission of the walls of the vagina? Lowering the back wall

Vaginal prolapse is a problem that many women face. Pathology develops against the background of a decrease in the tone of muscle structures in the pelvic area, as a result of which the internal organs of the reproductive system are shifted down. In the initial stages, the disease is sometimes amenable to conservative therapy, but in severe cases, surgery is indispensable.

Of course, many women are interested in additional questions. Why does the disease develop? What are the symptoms to look out for? How is vaginal prolapse treated? This information will be of interest to many of the fair sex.

What is pathology?

The prolapse of the walls of the vagina is a pathology that is associated with a decrease in muscle tone in the pelvis, weakening of the ligaments that support the natural position of the organs. Under the influence of certain factors, the uterus begins to descend, pressing on the vagina, which leads to its displacement. In the most severe cases, the pathology ends with the prolapse of the walls of the vagina to the outside.

According to statistics, this is a very common problem. Every third patient older than 45 suffers from vaginal prolapse of varying severity. Despite the fact that older women are more susceptible to the disease, it is also diagnosed in young women, however, their weakening of the ligaments and muscles is associated with complicated childbirth. It is believed that each subsequent birth several times increase the likelihood of a similar problem in the future. In nulliparous patients, prolapse of the uterus and vaginal walls is also possible, but it is usually associated with congenital anomalies of the connective tissue.

The main causes of the development of the disease

The prolapse of the walls of the vagina is not an independent disease - it is only a consequence of other problems. Currently, there are several risk factors:

As already mentioned, vaginal prolapse most often develops after childbirth, especially if the pregnancy and the birth process itself have passed with a complication.
Risk factors include injuries to the perineum and other tissues (this may be the result of various gynecological procedures).
Pathology may be the result of age-related changes. The activity of collagen synthesis decreases, as a result of which the connective tissue weakens, and the ligaments begin to stretch. This contributes to the prolapse of the pelvic organs.
Obesity is also a negative factor. Excess weight creates additional stress on the pelvic organs, which contributes to the displacement of the reproductive organs.
Risk factors include some pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract. For example, with constant constipation, there is an increase in pressure in the small pelvis.
Some chronic diseases, which are accompanied by an increase in intra-abdominal pressure, can also provoke vaginal prolapse. This is observed, for example, in asthma, bronchitis, etc.
The cause may be the formation and growth of a tumor (both benign and malignant) in the pelvic area.
The state of the ligaments and the synthesis of collagen are also affected by abrupt changes in the hormonal background. Women during menopause are most prone to this type of pathology due to estrogen deficiency.
Sedentary work, physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, constant stress are also risk factors.

During the diagnosis, it is very important to establish what exactly provoked the displacement of the genital organs, since therapy largely depends on this.

What are the symptoms of the disease?

Vaginal prolapse progresses gradually, so in the initial stages, signs may not appear at all. Occasionally, women are concerned about pulling pains in the lower abdomen, which, however, are ignored, because they are perceived by the patient as symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.

As the organs are displaced, normal blood circulation is disrupted. This leads to thinning and excessive dryness of the vaginal mucosa. Some women report a decrease in sensitivity during intercourse. Sometimes sexual contacts are accompanied by severe pain.

In the future, small erosions appear on the mucous membrane of the vagina. The list of symptoms also includes uncharacteristic vaginal discharge, sometimes mixed with blood. Some women complain of a constant feeling of a foreign body in the vagina, which is associated with a displacement of the uterus and intestines.

Significance and features of the course of the disease. For example, the prolapse of the anterior wall of the vagina affects the functioning of the bladder. There is frequent urination. Many patients complain of incontinence, periodic leakage of urine. Another picture is also possible - there is stagnation of urine in the bladder, which leads to the development of chronic forms of inflammation (cystitis).

The omission of the posterior wall of the vagina is associated with disruption of the intestines. Women with a similar diagnosis suffer from constant constipation, uncontrolled gas. Pathology increases the risk of hemorrhoids or exacerbation of existing hemorrhoids. In the most severe cases, fecal incontinence develops.

Stages of development of the disease

It is worth noting that the symptoms of vaginal prolapse directly depend on the stage of development of the disease. There are three stages in the progression of the disease.

In the first stage, there is a moderate prolapse of the vagina (anterior / posterior wall or both). However, there are no external signs.
The second stage of the pathology is accompanied by an increase in pressure from the uterus and other organs of the small pelvis. In this case, the uterus descends to the level of the vagina, and the cervix is \u200b\u200blocated almost in the very vestibule of the vagina.
The third stage is the most difficult - the walls of the vagina are almost completely everted outward. At this stage, prolapse of the uterus is possible.

Forms of the disease and their features

The weakness of the ligamentous apparatus can be expressed in different ways.

The most commonly observed prolapse of the anterior wall of the vagina - it is she who is often injured during childbirth. Since the organs of the excretory system are located nearby, this form of pathology sometimes leads to the development of a cystocele - along with the vaginal wall, it lowers the bladder and urinary canal.
Posterior wall prolapse is less commonly diagnosed. This form of the disease is accompanied by partial or complete destruction of the endopelvic fascia, which separates the intestines from the vagina. As a result of such changes, part of the rectum presses on the back wall of the vagina, bending it - a kind of "bubble" is formed. Women in such cases, as a rule, complain of a sensation of a foreign body.
In some cases, the omission of both walls at once is observed.

Diagnostic measures

As a rule, a simple gynecological examination is enough to suspect the presence of a prolapse in the patient. Of course, further examinations are carried out in the future:

Ultrasound and computed tomography help determine the presence of tumors, injuries and other pathologies that could cause prolapse.
Blood and urine tests are needed in case there is an infection.
They also check the level of sex hormones in the woman's blood.
If there is a suspicion of the development of urinary tract obstruction, then the patient is sent for urography.
Colposcopy makes it possible to examine the cervix, to detect erosion and ulcers on the vaginal mucosa.
In some cases, an additional biopsy is performed (if there are reasons to suspect the onset of malignant tissue degeneration).

Omission of the walls of the vagina: treatment with conservative methods

Such treatment is possible only at the initial stage of the development of pathology. In this case, it is very important to strengthen the muscles of the pelvis, vagina, and abdominal wall. All this helps to distribute the load and relieve tension from the ligaments of the small pelvis. Also, patients are recommended courses of therapeutic massage, which also improve blood flow to the pelvic muscles, provide tissues with normal nutrition, strengthen ligaments, and prevent congestion.

Some patients are fitted with a pessary, a special device made of special plastic or silicone that fits into the vagina and supports the cervix. It should be noted right away that this is a temporary measure. Installing a pessary only prevents the organs from descending. Moreover, wearing such a device is associated with some risks. The list of possible side effects is as follows:

swelling and inflammation of the vaginal mucosa;
suppuration of tissues, the formation of ulcers;
if worn for a long time, the pessary can grow into the tissues of the vagina.

That is why doctors recommend that patients periodically change models of this device. In addition, douching should be done daily to help avoid inflammation and suppuration. Pessaries are installed only if the operation during vaginal prolapse is impossible for one reason or another.

Special exercises

Special exercises for lowering the vagina really help strengthen muscles and ligaments, activate blood circulation. This is unlikely to help return the displaced organs to their natural position, but it will certainly prevent their further omission. A set of Kegel exercises should be done every day:

It is considered effective to delay urination for 10-20 seconds. During this, the muscles of the vagina and small pelvis tighten. Gradually, muscle structures become stronger.
Tighten the muscles of the pelvis and vagina and maintain this state for a few seconds. Now you can relax, after which the exercise must be repeated. Try each time to stay in a state of maximum tension for at least a few seconds longer. This is a simple exercise that can be done anytime, anywhere - all you need to do is repeat it daily.
Tighten your vagina from time to time while walking - this also helps to strengthen muscles, eliminate congestion and normalize blood circulation.

There are other exercises that will also have a positive effect on the functioning of the organs of the reproductive system:

Lie on your back, put your hands behind your head, keep your feet together. Now slowly raise your legs up, and then lower them just as slowly, while trying to strain the muscles of the anus. Repeat manipulations at least 10-12 times.
It helps to strengthen muscles and the well-known exercise "bike".
Remain lying on your back, but stretch your arms along the body. On the exhale, we raise both legs, on the inhale we spread them apart, on the exhale we move them together again and on the next inhale we lower them to the floor. All movements should be slow and controlled. Repeat the exercise at least 6-8 times.
Now bend your knees and slightly spread apart. Now slowly lift the pelvis up, while squeezing the muscles of the buttocks, anus and vagina. Slowly lower yourself back to the floor. Repeat the exercise 10 times.
Get on your knees, rest on the floor, bending your elbows. Now slowly straighten and raise the right leg, while straining the muscles of the perineum. Repeat 12 times with each leg.

Surgical treatment of prolapse of the vaginal walls. Operation and its features

To date, only surgery is a truly effective method of therapy. The choice of procedure depends on many factors, including the age of the patient, her intentions to have children, the presence of concomitant complications, as well as the form and stage of such pathology as vaginal prolapse. The operation can be carried out in different ways:

or back wall is the least dangerous way. First, the doctor restores the normal position of the internal organs (intestines or bladder), and then removes the stretched vaginal tissues and sutures the walls.
Colpoperineorrhaphy is a procedure that consists in suturing the stretched posterior wall of the vagina after childbirth. Next, the doctor tightens the muscles that hold the rectum in its natural position.
If there is a complete prolapse of the vagina and uterus, then a more radical procedure is sometimes performed - complete or partial amputation of the uterus.

This is how the prolapse of the vagina is eliminated. The operation is performed under general anesthesia. Within two days after the procedure, the patient should be under medical supervision. During rehabilitation, it is important to adhere to some rules:

take antibiotics (this will help prevent infection of tissues by bacteria);
during the first five days, treat the perineal area with an antiseptic (a suitable solution will be selected by the doctor);
during the first two weeks, the patient can lie down, stand, walk, but not sit - this will help to avoid seam divergence and muscle strain;
in the first 7-10 days, patients are advised to eat mashed potatoes, liquid soups, in a word, chopped food (it is very important to prevent constipation);
you need to give up training and increased physical activity for at least a month;
Sexual life can be resumed five weeks after the procedures, but in no case before.

Omission and pregnancy

If the patient had a prolapse and she completed the full course of treatment, then pregnancy is possible. After suffering a pathology in a mild form, which was eliminated with the help of exercises and other methods of conservative therapy, childbirth can take place naturally. If the treatment of prolapse was carried out surgically, then a caesarean section is indispensable.

Folk methods of treatment

There are some folk recipes that help improve blood circulation in the pelvic organs, prevent the development of the inflammatory process and the appearance of erosion.

Decoctions of lemon balm, chamomile, oak bark, string, sage are great for warm sitz baths - they can be done daily.
Quince tea will also be useful. Pour 100 g of dried, chopped fruits with a liter of water and brew (preferably in a water bath). If desired, the decoction can be sweetened before drinking.
A mixture of linden flowers and lemon balm grass (50 g of each ingredient), 10 g of alder root and 70 g of white cinnamon will come in handy. We mix all the components. Two tablespoons of the herbal mixture should be poured with a glass of boiling water, covered with a lid and left to cool completely. Strain the infusion, divide into three doses and drink a day.

Of course, such drugs can only be used as adjuvants - they help the body recover faster after therapy. In any case, before using the decoctions, it is necessary to consult a doctor.

Preventive measures: how to prevent organ displacement?

You already know why vaginal prolapse develops in most cases. Photos, symptoms, methods of treatment are, of course, important issues. But if you follow some rules, you can significantly reduce the risk of such a problem:

It is important to eat right, treat constipation and chronic diseases in time.
Physical activity will help keep your muscles toned.
Kegel exercises are recommended not only to treat an existing omission, but also to prevent the appearance of a problem.
If possible, refuse to lift and carry weights, as this creates increased pressure in the abdominal cavity and the pelvic area.
If perineal ruptures/dissections occurred during childbirth, then it is important to properly suture the damaged areas.

It is important to see a doctor as soon as you notice the first alarming symptoms of vaginal prolapse. Reviews of experts indicate that the disease is much easier to treat if therapeutic measures were started in the early stages of the development of pathology.

Very often, women turn to the gynecologist with a complaint of discomfort in the vaginal area, which occurs every time with muscle tension or during intimacy. As a rule, these symptoms indicate a rather unpleasant pathology, or rather, genital prolapse. With this problem, there is a protrusion of the posterior / anterior wall of the vagina, which creates a feeling of the presence of a foreign body. Of course, this kind of pathology requires surgical treatment.

general information

Vaginal prolapse (prolapse) implies such an abnormal condition, localized directly in the reproductive system, which is most often diagnosed in women who have given birth after 50 years. It is noteworthy that recently doctors have detected this pathology in young girls under 30 years old. It is important to note that this problem is not always associated with the generic process. In 3% of cases, an abnormal condition is diagnosed in girls who have not experienced the joys of motherhood.

Main reasons

The prolapse of the walls of the vagina is characterized by a change in the anatomically usual location of the pelvic organs due to the weakening of the muscles of this zone and the ligaments of the abdominal cavity itself. Why is this happening? Due to a consistent increase in pressure within the abdominal cavity itself, the elasticity of the ligaments is lost over time, which entails the inability to hold the internal organs (rectum, bladder, etc.) in a normal physiological position. As a result, an increase in the pressure of the organs leads to a gradual loss of muscle tone in this area and prolapse of the genitals.

Experts name a number of factors that contribute to the development of this problem, namely:

diseases of the vagina of an infectious nature;
hysterectomy;
neoplasms in this area, including malignant ones;
abnormal formation of connective tissue (congenital);
sudden weight loss / weight gain;
physical exercise;
constipation;
complications during childbirth.

According to experts, initially this pathology is characterized by slow development, and then it begins to progress rapidly, often accompanied by problems of an inflammatory nature.

Classification

In modern medicine, there are several forms of the disease:

Grade 1 is characterized by the omission of only the walls, and the vulva itself remains within acceptable limits.
Grade 2 - there is a partial omission of the anterior wall + part of the bladder or posterior wall + rectal area.
Grade 3 - the final prolapse of the walls of the vagina, as a rule, is accompanied by prolapse of the uterus.

Main features

In the early stages, this problem practically does not make itself felt. The first wake-up call is the appearance of discomfort and even pain during intercourse.

Then there may be heaviness in the vulva, as the disease progresses, inflammation, urinary incontinence, pulling pains in the abdomen and in the lumbar region join.

Vaginal prolapse is often accompanied by the development of chronic cystitis against the background of stagnation of urine and constipation.

As for the most common complications, in this case, in the absence of competent and timely treatment, the likelihood of uterine prolapse increases, which manifests itself in the form of spotting.

Similarly, a problem such as vaginal prolapse develops consistently. Symptoms, however, in each case may be individual.

Diagnostics

Confirmation of this disease is not difficult. So, at the next gynecological examination, the doctor may notice the bulging of the vaginal walls and the cervix itself from the genital tract. The specialist assesses the patient's condition, the degree of prolapse, and then, if necessary, prescribes treatment.

Genital prolapse and gestation

First of all, it is important to note that pregnancy with this pathology is possible, but it is necessary to take into account the degree of its development. So, the first stage allows you to give birth to a baby without surgery. In this case, special exercises for lowering the vagina, which will be discussed below, can additionally help.

With a progressive stage of the disease, it is necessary to first perform an operation, and only then think about pregnancy. Otherwise, the probability of prolapse of the uterus is high. It is important to note that after the operation, natural delivery is not possible, a caesarean section will be required.

What should be the treatment?

If vaginal prolapse was diagnosed at an early stage, this problem can be eliminated through conservative treatment. In advanced cases or with complications, surgical intervention is prescribed.

Conservative therapy

Such treatment is indicated with a slight omission of the walls. It implies a whole range of exercises, the purpose of which is to strengthen the muscle tone of the pelvic floor. Along with this course, therapy is recommended to maintain the health of the whole organism. Particular attention in this matter is recommended to be given to nutrition. At the time of therapy, it is necessary to refuse heavy food, which can provoke constipation, as well as aggravate vaginal prolapse.

Treatment of women during menopause implies hormone replacement therapy, since in this case the pathology develops due to a lack of estrogen in the blood. It is shown to improve blood circulation in the body and strengthen all the muscles of the pelvic organs. As a rule, when prolapse, estrogens are used in the form of suppositories or creams, which must be injected directly into the vagina. The specific drug and its dosage are determined by the specialist after receiving the test results.

If for some reason surgical manipulations are contraindicated for a lady, doctors install special rings (pessaries) to prevent the final prolapse of the uterus. These are special devices whose main function is to maintain internal organs. The pessary for each patient is selected strictly on an individual basis. It is important to note that after the installation of this device, a woman needs to constantly visit a gynecologist in order to prevent the development of complications.

Kegel exercises for vaginal prolapse

Each time you should delay urination for about ten to twenty seconds.
Periodically, it is necessary to strain the muscles of the pelvis, and from a small effort to a maximum. It is important to fix each position for a few seconds. After the exercise, it is recommended to relax.
Several times a day, you can strain (as in childbirth), and then slowly relax.

This is not a complete list of exercises. You can read more about them in specialized literature or consult a doctor.

Operation

After a detailed examination of the patient, the specialist, as a rule, prescribes surgical treatment with some elements of plastic surgery. The most common is colpoplasty. There are currently two types of this procedure:

Colporrhythmia. This operation involves the removal of the "extra" walls of the vagina and their subsequent stitching. Colporrhaphy is aimed at restoring the anatomically familiar arrangement of organs.
Colpoperineorrhaphy. This operation involves the reduction of the posterior wall of the vagina by suturing it.

This kind of vaginal surgery is performed only with the use of general anesthesia. The choice of a specific technique remains with the surgeon. It must take into account several factors at once (the age of the patient, the stage of the disease, the presence of concomitant diseases, etc.).

Postoperative period

Most often, the patient is discharged on the second day after surgery. In order to avoid the development of complications, all women are advised to strictly follow the doctor's instructions.

It is necessary to treat the damaged area with an antiseptic for the first five days. It is also important to take antibiotics. Medicines and their dosage are prescribed by a doctor on an individual basis. In the first week, it is highly recommended to consume only liquid foods to prevent the development of constipation. For some time it is better to exclude physical activity, lifting weights. Resuming sexual activity is allowed after five weeks from the date of the operation on the vagina.

It is important to note that modern technologies make it possible to carry out such procedures with little trauma, and the recovery period, as a rule, does not take much time. After the intervention, there are no visible scars on the body.

Help of traditional medicine

Vaginal prolapse can be treated using the recipes of our grandmothers, but only at an early stage and in conjunction with other methods recommended by the doctor himself.

Below we list the most popular methods of therapy offered by traditional medicine.

Quince can be brewed and then used as a tea. As you know, this fruit gives tone to the muscles of the organs of the reproductive system. For 100 g of dried fruit, a liter of water is required. It is recommended to brew in a water bath.

Alcohol tincture with astragalus root is also considered an effective traditional medicine. For a part of finely chopped roots, you need to take nine parts of vodka. The resulting mixture should be kept in a cool and dark place for 14 days. Then it must be filtered. It is recommended to take a medicinal infusion three times a day (a teaspoonful) before the next meal, it is better to drink it with plenty of water. The course lasts no more than thirty days, then, if necessary, it can be repeated.

Partial prolapse of the walls of the vagina can be overcome with the help of special baths with dope. Twenty grams of grass must be poured with seven liters of boiling water and kept in a water bath for about fifteen minutes. Then the broth should be cooled to a temperature of 38 degrees. It is best used for sitz baths. The duration of the procedure itself should not exceed 10 minutes.

Prevention

To avoid the development of this problem, experts strongly recommend following fairly simple tips.

First of all, it is important to pull the vulva up every time you walk. It is also necessary to try to protect yourself from excessive weights and excessive physical activity.
It is very useful to learn to urinate in portions, that is, to squeeze the jet several times in one urination.
Periodically, it is important to do the Kegel exercises, which were discussed above. They help strengthen the pelvic floor muscles.
It is important to eat right and lead a healthy lifestyle, including during the period of bearing a baby.

Conclusion

Once again, we note that genital prolapse is a serious pathology, the treatment of which is not recommended to be neglected. When primary clinical signs appear, it is very important to immediately visit a gynecologist for a preventive examination. After a diagnostic examination, the doctor will be able to confirm the presence of this problem and prescribe the necessary treatment.

You should not be afraid of the operation. Modern doctors have all the skills and a special surgical instrument, so that the intervention takes place without serious complications. It is extremely important to clearly follow all the advice from specialists and, after surgical procedures, treat the affected area in a timely manner. We hope that all the information presented in this article will be really useful for you.

According to statistics, a third of women after 45 years of age are faced with such a problem as omission and prolapse (prolapse) of the walls of the vagina. Pathology causes physical discomfort, significantly worsening the quality of life. Young women who have experienced difficult childbirth also face similar situations.

Omission of the anterior wall of the vagina: what is the reason?

This pathology is quite widespread. It is characterized by a change in the relative position of the pelvic organs. The most common cause of the disease is the weakening of the pelvic floor. And the latter can provoke a fairly large number of factors.

The mechanism of development of the disease:

for any reason, increased intra-abdominal pressure;
ligaments lose their elasticity;
organs (bladder, rectum, uterus) are no longer held in place by ligaments;
excessive abdominal pressure provokes a loss of muscle tone in the perineum, resulting in vaginal prolapse.

Predisposing factors:

Complications after childbirth - a large fetus, prolonged delivery, perineal injuries, the use of obstetric forceps;
The risk increases with each subsequent birth;
Resection (removal) of the uterus without fixing the dome of the vagina;
Heavy physical labor;
Deficiency of steroid hormones in the body;
Rapid weight loss with obesity;
Connective tissue pathology (congenital disease);
Increased intra-abdominal pressure, for example, with chronic constipation, frequent illnesses accompanied by coughing;
Natural age-related changes - a decrease in tissue elasticity in women after 60 years.

As you can see, childbirth is only one of the causes of the onset of the disease. Omission and even prolapse is rare, but still occurs in nulliparous young women.

Symptoms of prolapse of the anterior or posterior wall of the vagina

The onset of the disease is asymptomatic. The first alarming sign is pulling pains in the lower abdomen. But most often, women ignore it, referring to PMS (premenstrual syndrome). Pain occurs in approximately 70% of patients.

In the future, other symptoms of omission appear:

frequent urge to urinate, difficulties in this process;
urinary incontinence, for example, when laughing, coughing, lifting weights;
stool disorders - constipation, diarrhea;
discomfort and/or loss of sensation during intercourse;
frequent pain in the lumbar region;
during a gynecological examination, erosions and sores on the mucous membrane are found;
profuse discharge with simultaneous dryness;
violations in the menstrual cycle;
sensation of a foreign body. This is due to the fact that along with the prolapse of the vagina, the uterus is displaced. As a result, the neck of the latter can be localized at the entrance to the vagina.

The prolapse of the anterior wall is mainly accompanied by symptoms from the urinary system, since it is located under the bladder. Due to difficulties with urination, stagnation of urine occurs and, as a result, chronic cystitis. In advanced cases, pyelonephritis develops.

The omission of the back wall is mostly accompanied by problems with the stool and bowel function. Women in this situation often suffer from constipation. There is also a sensation of a foreign body.

Prolapse provokes stagnation of blood and lymph. As a result, edema and cyanosis of the mucous membrane appear, trophic ulcers form. The latter may be indicated by bleeding from the vagina.

Often, the disease is accompanied by hypertrophy of the uterus, polyps of the cervical canal, pseudo-erosion. As a result, dryness of the mucous membrane occurs, which leads to a thickening or, conversely, thinning of the vagina.

Degrees and types of pathology

Illness grades:

The first is prolapse of the anterior, posterior wall, or both at once, but without going outside;
The second is prolapse of the anterior wall and bladder, or the posterior and rectum, or both at once. The walls come out;
The third is a complete omission. Very often in this case there is a simultaneous prolapse of the uterus.

It is worth noting that this pathology is characterized by slow development, so that the above symptoms appear gradually.

Types of prolapse:

cystocele - prolapse of the anterior wall and bladder;
rectocele - a problem with the back and rectum.

Diagnosis of pathology

The gynecologist can make a conclusion immediately after the examination. During the latter, he will find the walls protruding from the genital gap, and in more serious cases, prolapse of the uterus.

Then the doctor adjusts the organs, after which he assesses the condition of the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and the tone of the muscles of the pelvic floor.

After the diagnosis is made, it is mandatory to visit other specialists - a urologist for cystocele and a proctologist for rectocele.

Additional research:

If concomitant pathologies of the pelvic organs are suspected, an ultrasound or CT scan is prescribed;
To exclude the presence of infections, you need to pass a urine test;
If urinary tract obstruction is suspected, excretory urography is required;
To differentiate a decubatory ulcer of the vagina, it is necessary to conduct a targeted biopsy, colposcopy and cytological examination.

In the future, you need to choose a way to fix the problem. There are two options - conservative and radical. Sometimes it is possible to overcome the disease through conservative measures. But, as practice shows, the radical method (surgical) is more effective. The operation eliminates the development of complications in the future.

Treatment tactics depend on the following factors:

the age of the patient;
degree of pathology;
the need to preserve reproductive function;
the degree of dysfunction of the colon and rectum;
the presence of concomitant diseases of the genital organs.

Conservative treatment

This option will be effective only in the initial stages of the development of the disease. It consists in regular exercise to increase the tone of the pelvic floor muscles (ex. Kegel exercises) and exercise therapy.

Also, a woman is prescribed general strengthening therapy, in which nutritional correction plays an important role. This disease requires exclusion from the menu of products that can cause constipation.

Women who are in menopause may be prescribed hormonal drugs. The action of the latter is aimed at improving blood flow and, accordingly, strengthening the ligaments and muscles of the pelvic floor.

Plastic surgery for prolapse of the internal genital organs

Colpoplasty is an operation in which the walls of the vagina are sutured back to their original state. There are two types of this event:

Colporrhaphy - excision of excess tissue and subsequent suturing;
Colpoperineorrhaphy - suturing the back wall and tightening the muscles of the perineum.

In severe cases, when uterine prolapse is observed, an implant is placed - a special synthetic mesh is sewn into the tissues of the vagina to keep it taut.

A vaginal pessary is placed only when surgery or temporary retention of organs is contraindicated. The shape and size of the pessary is selected individually, and its suitability can only be assessed after a few days.

If you have a pessary, you need to visit the gynecologist more often than usual, as complications may occur, for example, ingrowth of the agent into tissues, irritation / swelling of the mucous membrane, ulceration / erosion. Over time, you need to replace it with a prosthesis of a larger diameter, since the wall it supports gradually overstretches.

Prolapse of the posterior wall of the vagina develops when the muscular complex of the pelvic floor is weakened and the septum between the vaginal canal and the rectum is damaged. In this case, the rectum is deformed and presses on the wall of the vagina, which leads to its protrusion and descent towards the genital slit. This process is called a rectocele.

Experts distinguish three main stages of the development of the disease:

Pathology is manifested slightly. It practically does not cause complaints in patients. During a gynecological examination, it is found as a small pouch for the rectum.
The woman suffers severe discomfort due to the prolapse of part of the rectum and its protrusion into the vagina. The “bag” is felt like a foreign body, which, with strong attempts, can fall out of the genital gap. Defecation is accompanied by great difficulty and pain. Patients also complain of incomplete bowel movements.
The last stage of the development of the disease is characterized by prolapse of the intestine along with the posterior wall of the vagina from the genital slit, both in a peaceful position and at the slightest load. A woman is tormented by frequent urges to empty her intestines, but this cannot be done completely. This process is accompanied by severe pain and constipation. Sexual life becomes impossible.

In the final stage, systematic fecal incontinence, as well as prolapse of the uterus, may be added to these symptoms. Plus, stagnant processes lead to inflammation of the intestines and concomitant inflammation of the walls of the vagina, cervix and uterus. Emptying the intestines is obtained only after the mechanical extrusion of feces from the vaginal "bag" into the rectum.

Diagnosis of the disease

Only an experienced gynecologist and proctologist can determine the omission of the posterior wall at the beginning of its development. In order to find out the degree of prolapse and the presence of inflammatory processes, ultrasound and a number of laboratory tests of feces and swabs from the vagina are prescribed.

Surgery of the vaginal walls

The most efficient way to eliminate the prolapse of the posterior vaginal wall of the II and III stages - to perform a surgical operation, which consists in strengthening the rectovaginal septum, tightening the walls of the vagina, returning the anatomical positions to the rectum and suturing its walls. During the operation, when lowering the posterior wall of the vagina, special implants are used based on the patient's tissues or bioinert materials. The use of modern fixing materials makes it possible to obtain the desired result, quickly recover from plastic surgery and return to the usual way of life. The implant is absolutely inert and does not chemically react with body tissues.

A set of exercises

With a slight omission of the posterior wall of the vagina, a complex of gymnastic procedures is prescribed as a treatment, which can strengthen the muscle tissue of the pelvic region and return the previous anatomical positions to the displaced organs. In addition, through the use of daily maintenance exercises, bowel function is normalized. To obtain the greatest therapeutic effect, it is best to perform exercises when lowering the posterior wall of the vagina in the presence of a qualified specialist.

Diet and drug therapy

To normalize the work of the intestines at any stage of the development of the disease, a strict diet is shown, which includes foods that have a large amount of vegetable fiber. To make the feces more mobile, you can not do without the use of laxatives. We should not forget about the intestinal flora, which must be constantly maintained with the development of pathology with the help of eubiotics.

The use of strengthening devices

During the treatment of prolapse of the posterior wall of the vagina, the use of reinforcing rings - pessaries is not excluded. They fix the walls of the vaginal canal in the desired position and prevent them from moving. Pessaries are indicated for women whose surgical treatment is impossible for one reason or another.

To prevent the back wall from falling out before and after surgery, you can wear special supporting bandages that have plastic inserts and limit the mobility of internal organs.

Vaginal prolapse, or prolapse of the vaginal walls, is a complex pathological process. It is most often seen in women who have given birth after 50 years of age. The prevalence at the age of 30 to 45 years is 40%, up to 30 years 10%. In some cases, the disease manifests itself at a young age, even in nulliparous women.

This pathology is possible due to the weakening of the pelvic floor muscles. As a result, both the anterior and posterior wall of the vagina can fall out. If the anterior wall prolapses, the urethra and bladder are simultaneously displaced. With pathological omission of the posterior wall, displacement occurs, and in more severe cases, prolapse of the rectum.

Vaginal muscles - their necessity

The muscles and tendons of the vagina are involved in the period of conception of a child, during its bearing, and during childbirth. And the physiological course of pregnancy and the period of childbirth depends on the state in which they are.

How to get rid of female disease? Irina Kravtsova shared her story of curing thrush in 14 days. In her blog, she told what drugs she took, whether traditional medicine is effective, what helped and what did not.

When carrying a pregnancy, the muscular layer of the vagina hypertrophies, there is an increased tissue hyperplasia. This contributes to the tradition of muscle fibers of special elasticity. This favorably affects the biomechanism of childbirth, in which the vagina acts as the birth canal.

The passage of a newborn through the birth canal directly depends on the muscular condition of the walls of the vagina.

Causes of the prolapse of the walls of the vagina

This pathological condition is not instantaneous, it develops over a long period of time. This is due to an increase in the pressure of the internal organs (the body of the uterus, the bladder, the rectum) on. The result of this long process is the omission of the walls of the vagina, sometimes their complete prolapse.

This disease may be accompanied by, and become the cause of development, the following abnormal conditions:

Most often, the front wall is omitted. Omission or prolapse of both walls is rare.

The degree of development of the prolapse of the walls of the vagina

In the development of this process, it is customary to distinguish 3 degrees of the disease:

If the pressure is exerted by the displaced bladder, this leads to the disease of cystocele. Less commonly, a rectocele occurs, which leads to a displacement of the posterior wall of the vagina.

Stories from our readers!
“The gynecologist advised me to take natural remedies. We opted for one drug - which helped to cope with hot flashes. It’s such a nightmare that sometimes you don’t even want to leave the house for work, but you have to ... As soon as I started taking it, it became much easier, you even feel that some kind of internal energy appeared. And I even wanted to have sexual relations with my husband again, otherwise everything was without much desire. "

Symptoms of prolapse of the vaginal wall

The development of this pathological process can occur over several decades. And only sometimes, due to difficult childbirth or improper obstetric care, the process can be more rapid.

The patient may feel the first symptoms in the form.

As the disease progresses, the following symptoms appear:

At an early stage, a woman does not go to the doctor because nothing bothers her. However, during a vaginal examination, which is performed during a physical examination, the gynecologist may see a slight sagging of the vaginal wall.

Later dates lead to the development of hernial protrusion. In this process, the wall of the vagina is a hernial sac, and contains a section of the bladder.

A similar clinical picture may develop with the posterior wall of the vagina. With such a development of the pathology, a part of the rectum will appear in the hernial sac.

Diagnosis of the prolapse of the walls of the vagina

To make a correct diagnosis, in most cases, it is enough for a gynecologist to make a preliminary examination with the help of a vaginal mirror, as well as a palpation examination.

After these events, the prolapsed organs are repositioned, and the state of the pelvic floor muscles is assessed along the way. Additional examination methods are prescribed by a doctor.

Cystoscopy.
excretory urography.
examination (sometimes a transvaginal ultrasound is prescribed).
Consultation with a urologist, followed by the appointment of a urodynamic study.
In case of prolapse of the posterior wall of the vagina, a mandatory consultation with a proctologist.

My personal history

With premenstrual pain and unpleasant discharge, it's over!

Our reader Egorova M.A. shared experience:

It is scary when women do not know the true cause of their illnesses, because problems with the menstrual cycle can be harbingers of serious gynecological diseases!

The norm is a cycle lasting 21-35 days (usually 28 days), accompanied by menstruation lasting 3-7 days with moderate blood loss without clots. Alas, the state of gynecological health of our women is simply catastrophic, every second woman has some kind of problem.

Today we will talk about a new natural remedy that kills pathogenic bacteria and infections, restores immunity, which simply restarts the body and includes the regeneration of damaged cells and eliminates the cause of diseases...

Omission of the walls of the vagina pregnancy and childbirth

When pregnancy occurs, even in a healthy woman, the musculoskeletal apparatus is subjected to a heavy load. It has to do with the growth of the fetus. In the case when the patient is diagnosed with prolapse of the walls of the vagina, a favorable outcome of pregnancy is possible only at the initial stage.

At the same time, throughout the gestation of the fetus, it is necessary to use a Kegel complex of therapeutic exercises, be sure to wear a bandage, or use a pessary (this is a plastic ring that is inserted into the vagina and increases its muscle tone).

Treatment features:

To avoid this pathology, it is enough to visit a gynecologist once every six months, and without his appointment, do therapeutic exercises every morning.

Treatment of prolapsed vaginal walls

To choose the right tactics for the treatment of this disease, its degree is established. This can only be done by a doctor.

If this pathology is in the first degree of the disease, then the patient can be treated with a conservative method of therapy. With the third or fourth degree, the main treatment tactic is surgical intervention, followed by preventive measures.

Conservative treatment for prolapsed vaginal walls

This technique involves a set of measures to increase muscle tone. For this purpose, it is appointed:

Physiotherapy.
Massage.
Wearing a bandage or pessary.
Application of methods of folk medicine.
Switching to a diet.
In old age, with the onset of menopause, the use of hormone therapy is possible.

Physiotherapy

A set of therapeutic exercises is selected individually, it is necessary to practice daily, preferably in the morning before breakfast.

To do this, you can use the following exercises:

The whole complex of exercises should begin with a minimum amount of time and repetitions, increasing the load should be done gradually.

Massage

For its implementation, a gynecological chair is used. With one hand, the gynecologist performs massage actions, inserting two fingers into the lumen of the vagina, the other hand performs massage movements along the anterior abdominal wall.

DID YOU KNOW?

The disadvantage of most drugs are side effects. Often, drugs cause severe intoxication, subsequently causing complications in the functioning of the kidneys and liver. To prevent the side effects of such drugs, we want to pay attention to special phytotampons.

The number of sessions should be at least 10, after which a short break is made and a second course of massage takes place.

A necessary condition during the entire course, the patient should sleep only on her stomach. The session lasts no more than 15 minutes, with the appearance of severe pain, it is no longer prescribed.

Wearing a bandage and pessary

A bandage is a special swimming trunks with a high waist. They are made from high quality knitwear. Modern versions of this product make it invisible under clothes. With the help of special hooks located on the side, the degree of its tension is adjusted.

With the right choice of tension, it does not hinder movement, is comfortable to wear and is hygienic.

A pessary can be used to prevent sagging of the vaginal walls. These products are made of plastic or silicone, come in various shapes, most often in the form of a ring. The gynecologist selects the shape and size individually, taking into account the physiological characteristics of the patient.

It is very important that the gynecologist installs the pessary for the first time.

After 2 weeks of wearing a pessary, you need to see a specialist. It can be worn for no more than 1 month, after which a short break is made. Be sure to treat with an antiseptic with each subsequent introduction.

Proper use of the uterine ring will allow:

In some cases, refuse.
It will prevent prolapse of the walls of the vagina.
Avoid the unpleasant symptom of urinary incontinence.
Save and bear the child.

Particular attention must be paid to a proper diet. The food you eat should not lead to increased gas formation in the intestines. Constipation should also be avoided.

For this you need:

Diversify your diet with fruits and vegetables.
Food products should contain a large amount of coarse fiber.
Avoid legumes from your daily diet.
Do not eat fatty fried meat.
If possible, use boiled food, liquid soups and cereals.
Monitor the intestinal microflora, if necessary, use laxative drugs and prebiotics.

Application of folk medicine methods

Therapy with medicinal herbs, with the help of which infusions of decoctions are made, gives a positive effect only at the initial stage of this pathological process. The use of traditional medicine recipes cannot be the main type of treatment, it is used as an additional method. In this case, the use of medicinal herbs should be agreed with the gynecologist.

To raise muscle tone and strengthen ligaments, you can use:

Surgical treatment of prolapsed vaginal walls

If conservative treatment did not lead to positive results, or this one is at the level of 3 or 4 stages of its development. This gives grounds for conducting an operable method of treatment for this abnormal development.

Surgery can be done in 2 ways:

The operation may consist of two stages. At an additional stage, the internal organs are hemmed, which exert excessive pressure (due to their omission) on the vaginal walls.

This makes it possible to restore the anatomical location of these organs, after which they will restore their physiological functions.

Anterior colporrhaphy

Pulling up the front wall carried out through the lumen of the vagina, this avoids the incision of the abdominal wall. As a result, the surgical intervention becomes less traumatic, delivers a slight psycho-emotional discomfort to the sick woman.

Before surgery, elderly women, especially during menopause, are prescribed. They increase blood circulation, and normalize the process of tissue repair after surgery.

During the rehabilitation period, antibiotic therapy, drugs of the analgesic group are prescribed. The patient is given recommendations, including warnings about abstaining from sexual contact.

Posterior colporrhaphy

Its main goal is to restore the partition between the rectum and the vaginal wall. The group of muscles holding the anus is sutured. This leads to strengthening of the rectovaginal septum. If necessary, removal (if any) of hemorrhoids, polyposis outgrowths, treatment of anus fissure and anal sphincter is performed.

Colpopexy

This type of operation is used infrequently, since it removes the effects of prolapse, only temporarily. But if it is used in combination with colporrhaphy, then it gives good positive dynamics in the treatment of this pathology.

The essence of this operable treatment is that the weakened walls of the vagina are sutured to the ligaments and fascia of the inner walls of the abdomen. This type of surgical intervention received a “second life” due to the use of advanced technologies in medicine and the use of new materials (a polypropylene mesh is used).

The period of rehabilitation after surgical treatment

The recovery period can last from 5 to 20 days. It depends on the technique that was used in the surgical intervention.

Patients are assigned:

When discharged from the hospital, a woman is given a number of recommendations that she must follow in order to prevent the re-development of the pathological condition:

Avoid eating food that provokes increased gas formation. In case of constipation, take a laxative, if it does not help, resort to an enema.
Monitor the condition of the external genitalia, observe intimate hygiene in order to prevent infection of the seams, and the development of inflammatory processes.
Prevent dyspeptic disorders in the form of diarrhea. It causes infection of the mucous membranes of the vulva and vagina, which leads to the development of inflammatory diseases, and increases the rehabilitation period.
For the healing of sutures within a week and a half, the patient is forbidden to sit and squat. Even when traveling by car, she should resort to a semi-sitting position. This will avoid stress on the perineum.
Sexual activity is not allowed for 60 days after surgery.
Avoid any physical activity for the first weeks This also applies to homework.
Any kind of sport is prohibited. They will be possible only after a control examination by a gynecologist, approximately in 2-3 months.
Baths, solariums, saunas, swimming pools are prohibited in the first months.
During the first six months after surgery wear a bandage.
Be sure to visit the doctor on the dates indicated by him. If any alarming symptoms occur, do not self-medicate, but go to the clinic.

A set of therapeutic exercises

During the rehabilitation period, the use of physical activity is not allowed, but after 2 or 3 months the doctor prescribes therapeutic exercises. It should be dosed, and it should be started gradually (records are not needed in this case).

You can use different types of exercises, make up a complex of them, which will be carried out daily in the morning.

To do this, you can use the following exercises on all fours:

Exercises lying on your back:

All exercises are performed in slow motion, with obligatory control of breathing. It is best to do this 2 hours before meals (before breakfast).

Kegel exercises to strengthen the vaginal walls

The main Kegel exercises include:

Uterine fibroids - DOES NOT MEAN OPERATION!

Every year, 90,000 women undergo surgery to remove uterine fibroids. Just think about these numbers! The important thing is that simply removing fibroids does not eliminate the disease, so in 15% of cases, fibroids reappear. Myoma will go away by itself and without any surgery, if you drink on an empty stomach regular herbal tea...

Prevention of prolapse of the vaginal walls

Preventive measures to eliminate this pathology should be carried out upon reaching the age of 18 years. This will contribute to the normal course of pregnancy, and the smooth passage of childbirth.

To do this, you must follow the following rules:

Health workers play a big role in preventing this pathology.

Since it depends on them:

Proper healing of the perineum with postpartum ruptures.
Rational management of childbirth, and the correct use of obstetrics.
Competent elimination of ruptures of the muscles of the perineum.

This pathology can lead to the development of serious gynecological diseases. Therefore, in order to eliminate the prolapse of the walls of the vagina, in the early stages, use all possible conservative methods of treatment.

In the event that the disease was recognized only at a later date, agree on the date of the operation with the doctor, and do not postpone it.