Kira Stoletova

Pregnancy and childbirth are processes that greatly overload any living being. During lambing, the body of the female experiences maximum stress, and, as a result, requires additional sets of actions for recovery. Many livestock breeders recommend that during the birth of offspring, closely monitor the health of the mother. In addition to exhaustion and stress, you can also notice spotting in a goat after lambing.

Is this a norm or a pathology in artiodactyls? What to do if the discharge is too plentiful and the animal becomes weak?

Excretion of fluid in the body of a goat

For any living being, the release of fluid from the body is a natural process. Viscous white grease in goats serves as a signal that hunting or childbirth is coming soon. It is released from the uterus of the animal during the process of ovulation or waste of water. After lambing, the internal genital organs of artiodactyls are cleaned to be ready for the next pregnancy.

The duration of the cleansing lasts about three weeks, but this factor may vary depending on how the birth went. Usually the liquid flows out without impurities and a pungent odor. Sometimes an active kid can twitch and damage the internal organs of the female. In this case, the discharge may take longer, and the uterus may become inflamed. If measures are not taken in time, then sepsis may begin and the animal will die.

Bleeding after lambing

Within three hours after birth, the afterbirth comes out of the female. It contains amniotic fluid and mucus, sometimes with a small admixture of blood. This is considered normal for a lambing goat. In no case should the latter be pulled out by yourself - otherwise it may tear, and part of it will remain in the uterus. This can lead to suppuration and necrosis.

Usually, bleeding with a normal release of the placenta stops going a couple of days after childbirth, but if this does not happen and the blood continues to flow profusely, you should immediately contact a veterinarian.

Causes of heavy bleeding after lambing

Strong spotting is the first sign of a difficult birth. The reasons for such allocations may be:

• mechanical injury caused by the cub;
• mastitis of the udder or cyst on the uterus;
• subinvolution of the uterus.

If the goat does not walk in the correct position during lambing, then the uterus or vagina may tear.

Cubs are born front legs forward with the head laid on them. If the fetus goes backwards, or the head is tucked under the back, then most likely it will injure the female. Sometimes a baby can injure the arch of the goat's uterus, resting on it with crossed legs. In this case, you need to help the cub to take the correct position. To do this, a gloved hand is carefully lubricated with petroleum jelly and pushed into the goat's vagina, laying the kid correctly. If the cub goes forward with its hind legs, then a rope is tied to them and gently pulled out.

Udder mastitis or uterine cyst can also cause bleeding. First, check the milk. If there is spotting in it, then most likely the goat has mastitis or it has blown. Observe hygienic milking standards to prevent this disease. Wash the udder with warm water before and after milking, do not keep the artiodactyl in a draft. This will reduce the risk of catching such unpleasant diseases. Remember that during and after childbirth, the goat is most vulnerable to lactose mastitis, so prevention should be done even in the first months of pregnancy.

Subbinvolation is called flabbiness of the muscle walls and poor contractility of this organ. A similar pathology occurs if the goat moves too little and is kept in a tight pen. The muscle tissue of the uterus does not contract, which is why bleeding occurs, and in some cases, prolapse of internal organs. The second reason for subinvolution may be a large offspring - four to five kids. In this case, the organ is stretched too much and cannot return to its original shape. To prevent this, drink the goat before giving birth with preparations containing vitamin A.

Dangerous consequences of heavy bleeding

During blood loss, the work of all internal organs is disrupted due to a lack of oxygen and nutrients in the body. Slags begin to accumulate in the cells of the animal's body, and intoxication occurs. Long-term bleeding is a threat primarily to the nervous system, which makes the goat weak and may faint. Artiodactyl blood pressure drops rapidly, pulse and breathing quicken. The body temperature of the animal is greatly reduced due to poor heart function. It is also worth noting that blood loss can be accompanied by pain shock - the goat will worry and not understand what is happening to it.

If the blood is not stopped in time, then the limbs of the animal become cold, breathing is rare, and the muscles relax. General weakness is the main consequence of copious blood discharge. If you do not provide first aid to the goat, the animal will die.

Ways to treat a goat during bleeding

First of all, you should consult with veterinarians. If the goat's lambing is the first, then it is better to call a doctor at home to take delivery. However, in emergency situations, you can use certain drugs:

1. Oxytocyon - one ampoule twice a day 15 minutes before milking intramuscularly. This drug is aimed at improving uterine contractions. Enter within three days.
2. Dicinon - one ampoule three times a day intramuscularly. This medicine improves blood clotting and the condition of blood vessels. Applying also for three days.
3. Vikasol - one ampoule twice a day. This drug replaces the diet, in the absence of the latter. Enter within three days.
4. Bicilin-3 (300,000 EU) is a mild antibiotic that is used for preventive purposes. Reduces the risk of inflammation of the uterus in case of poor-quality exit of the placenta, which is an organic environment for many infections. Apply once after lambing, intramuscularly.

To prepare an injection solution from bicillin, special water for vaccination is required, which can be purchased at any pharmacy. The ampoule is dissolved in 2 ml of the base, after which it is injected into the muscle of the hind leg. Before injection, the injection site is treated with alcohol. Use only disposable syringes. During vaccinations, do not touch the animal's bone, otherwise inflammation may begin.

In addition to medications, there are also effective folk methods:

1. Nettle infusion is a concentrated decoction of plants. You can also give the stems in their pure form.
2. A decoction of onion peels - for half a liter of water, a handful of onion peels, two tablespoons of sugar and one teaspoon of salt. The decoction is infused for a day.
3. Sugar water or glucose solution - pour 500 grams of sugar into half a liter of boiled water and give the animal twice a day.

All these decoctions are rich primarily in iron and therefore will help to fill the lack of this mineral in the body of a goat. Such treatment should be carried out if there is no profuse blood loss after lambing, but spotting continues to go after two weeks. This is considered the first symptom of the inflammatory process of the uterus. Other signs of active inflammation include a putrid odor, cloudy color, fever, and general malaise of the animal. A goat can bleat at its best, asking for help from the owner, or, on the contrary, no longer have the strength to speak out. In this case, the animal requires more active treatment than suggested above. Use these drugs in accordance with the instructions:

• Penicillin;
• Streptomycin;
• Cefazolin;
• Lincomycin;
• Tetracycline.

Strong antibiotics are also administered intramuscularly. The course of treatment is five days, after which the body gets used to the drugs and the medicine should either be replaced or canceled altogether.

Before using these drugs, be sure to consult a veterinarian - these drugs are hard on the body. Be prepared to provide your goat with a special diet to support the liver and kidneys - these organs are the first to suffer from antibiotics.

Treatment of blood loss in complications

If heavy bleeding for some reason dragged on, then you should immediately call a doctor - the life of the animal is at stake. First of all, the veterinary specialist will begin to restore the body's cardiac activity. To replenish the level of blood in the body, the following drugs are administered to the animal:

• Ringer's solution - two hundred ml twice a day;
• Saline solution - two hundred ml twice a day;
• Gamavit or ascorbic acid - 1 ml twice a day.

These drugs will help restore fluid levels in the body. Worst of all, if the goat refuses to drink - in this case, the artiodactyl is given droppers two to three times a day. If inflammation has begun in the body of the animal and the discharge has become purulent, then surgical intervention is most likely required. Therefore, treatment is best provided to the goat at an early stage of the disease, otherwise the animal may die or remain disabled. In case of complications after blood loss, the artiodactyl should be closely observed for at least six months. At this time, try not to consume animal milk and carry out preventive maintenance monthly.

So, scant discharge from a goat after lambing is a natural process of cleansing the body. If a goat has abundant white discharge after childbirth, this may be a sign of an imminent hunt or the remainder of the mucus after childbirth. Heavy bleeding for several days can be a sign of internal injury or inflammation. Follow the birth to provide the animal with first aid in case of emergency. Also, for these purposes, it is worth carrying out prophylaxis to replenish the body with vitamin A and iron.

When the goat's lambing is easy, as a rule, her condition remains good and all the discharge from the genital gap in the goat is associated with the natural process of cleansing the uterus. In such a situation, the pet does not need the help of a veterinarian, and everything ends within 3-5 weeks. When the goat's discharge after lambing causes concern in the owner, urgent measures must be taken to identify the cause and conduct adequate treatment.

Allocations after lambing are different, and the owner should be able to distinguish which of them are dangerous to the animal and which are not. All discharge from a goat can be divided into natural and pathological.

Physiological

With natural physiological secretions in a female, the following picture is observed:

• Bleeding immediately after lambing is not strong and completely stops within 30-40 minutes;
• Slight bleeding without an unpleasant odor for a week after lambing;
• Slight (soil the base of the tail and, in rare cases, the udder) brown discharge without an unpleasant odor, which does not worsen the condition of the goat.

Treatment is not required for the animal, as this is a natural process of restoring the genital organs.

Pathological

Pathological discharge is evidence of the development of inflammation, the penetration of pathogenic bacteria, or traumatic tissue damage. In such a situation, you will certainly need to consult a veterinarian and conduct therapy.

1. Purulent discharge - occurs if there is an acute inflammation, in which a purulent-necrotic process develops in the tissues of the vagina or uterus. These secretions are most often brown with an admixture of pus and an unpleasant odor. Very rarely, the discharge can be completely purulent. In this case, they are white and quite thick with an unpleasant putrefactive odor. The reasons for this phenomenon are infected damage to the vaginal mucosa, as well as improper care of the goat after lambing, when the bacteria get an ideal breeding ground. As a result of this, infection of the vagina occurs first, and then the uterus. There may be a problem due to the entry of dirt. In the absence of timely treatment, the condition worsens significantly and sepsis develops, due to which the animal dies.
2. Bloody-putrefactive discharge - the cause of their occurrence is the incorrect course of the process of cleansing the uterus. There is a phenomenon in most cases in primogeniture, if there are any disturbances in the development of the uterus or its significant damage during lambing. In this condition, it is impossible to do without the urgent help of a veterinarian, as this will lead to the loss of the animal due to uterine necrosis or sepsis.
3. Bloody discharge - occurs immediately after lambing or a few hours after it. In the event that after the birth of a kid, along with mucus, amniotic fluid residues and afterbirth, scarlet blood is released, or there is an independent profuse bleeding of scarlet blood, immediate intervention by a veterinarian is necessary. Such bloody discharge, if delayed, can often lead to the death of a goat due to blood loss.

According to experts, purulent discharges are of particular danger, which, if the pet is not carefully monitored, can go unnoticed, from which the female does not receive timely therapy. If abnormal discharge is found in an animal, you should definitely consult a veterinarian. Without an urgent need, you should not risk animals by trying to conduct therapy based on the advice of friends.

How to properly care for a goat after lambing to prevent complications

Not infrequently, suppuration and inflammation of the vagina and uterus occurs in a goat due to improper care for it in the period after lambing. In order to prevent the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria, it is necessary to carry out a full treatment of the external genitalia and vagina as soon as the afterbirth comes out.

It is very important to quickly carry out an antiseptic treatment, which should be repeated in the future until the physiological secretions stop.

Manganese should be used to obtain a safe antiseptic solution. It is dissolved in boiled water until an intense pink, but not too dark solution is obtained. They wash the area around the gap and the base of the tail, and also wash off all the discharge that has fallen on the udder. To treat the vagina, a weaker solution of a light pink color should be used to prevent burns of the mucosa. It is most convenient to administer the drug with a syringe. On the first day after the birth of the kids, it is necessary to wash 2 times with an interval of 12 hours.

Further, the external treatment is carried out daily, and the internal one every other day until the discharge completely stops. In the event that after a break they reappear (this is normal), you should start processing again.

How to properly care for a goat with pathological discharge

It is important for the owner to know what to do with bad discharge from the pet after lambing. As soon as pathological discharges are detected, treatment should be started immediately. Ideally, a veterinarian should appoint him, but if his visit on the same day is not possible, you must begin therapy on your own.

The first thing to do is take your pet's temperature. If it is elevated, this is evidence of acute inflammation, which should be treated with antibiotics.

Tampons with ichthyol ointment, levomekol and ASD fraction have proven themselves well as a means of first aid to their pet. Ointments are mixed in equal amounts and a fraction is added to them at the rate of: 2 drops of the drug per 1 tsp. mixtures. The resulting composition is abundantly lubricated with a tampon and inserted into the vagina, previously washed with a solution of manganese. Tampons are used until the discharge stops completely and a couple of days after them to consolidate the result.

In parallel with the local use of an antibiotic agent, it is necessary to administer antibiotics and intramuscularly. Amoxicillin has proved to be the most effective remedy. You should take a veterinary drug with a concentration of 15%. Its dosage is calculated based on the norm of 1 ml per 10 kg of weight. You need to inject the drug into the muscles on the thigh. With severe inflammation, injections are given daily for 5 days, and with weak and moderate inflammation, 3 times a day.

Washing with manganese of the external genitalia and vagina during this period is carried out 2 times a day. Manganese can be replaced with chlorhexidine (available at a regular pharmacy).

Help a goat with bleeding

In the presence of bleeding, it is necessary to increase the force of uterine contraction, which will lead to vasoconstriction and reduce blood loss. To do this, the female is injected intramuscularly with oxytocin: in a volume of 1 ml immediately and during the day 2 more times. Then 3 days in a row, 15 minutes before milking, put the drug 2 times a day. Also, to improve the process of blood clotting, dicynon is administered in 2 ml. Injections of ascorbic acid will also be needed: 2 ml 1 time per day for 5 days, always intramuscularly. In addition, to prevent inflammation, it is recommended to use bicillin-3, which is a mild antibiotic.

Discharge from a goat after lambing is a normal phenomenon, only if they are physiological. After lambing has occurred, the owner must examine the female daily for the timely detection of a pathological condition, if it occurs. Any suspicion of inflammation and suppuration is an indication for contacting a veterinarian.

Content:

In all mammals, after the birth of a cub, an ichor is released from the uterus, first brownish-red, then pale pink and yellowish. This is a physiological process of healing and cleansing of the reproductive organs after they have been traumatized during lambing. The duration of bloody lochia in a goat is 5–12 days, yellowish excretions can be excreted for up to three weeks. If the discharge from the goat's uterus does not have a pungent odor, does not contain impurities of scarlet blood, there is nothing to worry about. When fluid oozes from the vulva after the specified period, we are talking about a disease of the reproductive organs of the animal. The purpose of this article is to inform novice goat breeders about the rules for caring for a pet when it has lambed, what to do if a goat has bleeding or other pathology.

The nature of postpartum discharge

Bloody discharge flowing from the birth canal in a goat after lambing can be physiological and pathological.

Physiological secretions

The following processes are considered natural, inherent in normal childbirth:

• After lambing, the goat has moderate bleeding from the uterus, which stops in half an hour.
• Scanty blood discharge does not smell of anything and stops, mainly in a week.
• Excrements are brownish, soil the tail, sometimes the udder.
• Yellowish discharge can be observed up to 20 days after the goat's lambing.

Pathological discharge

The following types of vaginal discharge should alert the goat breeder:

• purulent;
• bloody scarlet color.

Purulent

Sometimes a goat has a thick white discharge with an unpleasant odor. These are symptoms of endometritis. Most often, inflammation of the uterus is accompanied by secretions of a dirty brown color with streaks of white pus and scraps of necrotic tissue. This occurs with traumatic infection, or the introduction of dirt during childbirth. The uterine mucosa after lambing is a wound surface, which is a nutrient medium for the secondary microflora. Enough contact of the goat's vulva with dirty bedding and a weakened body will not be able to cope with microbes that live everywhere. Often, endometritis occurs after a delay in the placenta. If the pathology is not treated, sepsis develops, usually ending in the death of the goat.

When a breeder suspects something is wrong when examining a pet, he is obliged to resort to the help of a veterinarian.

Bleeding scarlet color

Outflows from the uterus of a scarlet color appear in the postpartum period. Pathology requires immediate professional intervention, otherwise the goat will die from blood loss. Hemorrhage can develop as a result of trauma caused by the fetus if it is too large or comes out in the wrong presentation. At birth with hooves crossed over the head, the goatling injures the wall of the uterus.

Bleeding can also develop for another reason - the organ does not contract vigorously enough, so the walls of the vessels do not contract, they continue to bleed slowly. This condition is called subinvolution of the uterus, that is, a slow return of the organ to its original state in which it was before conception. Why does an anomaly occur? For the following reasons:

• excessive stretching of the uterus with polyploidy and hydroamniosis;
• large-fruited kids;
• adynamia;
• macronutrient deficiency;
• avitaminosis A.

Hemorrhage is dangerous because it can lead to anemia in a goat. Daily blood loss exceeds its production. The tissues suffer from a lack of oxygen, and toxic metabolites accumulate in them. The goat is depressed, experiencing a breakdown, and may faint.

Treatment

The concept of therapy for postpartum endometritis and bleeding is not the same.

Treatment of postpartum hemorrhage

The sooner treatment is started, the greater the chances for recovery and prevention of complications. The therapeutic strategy is developing in the following areas:

• activation of uterine contractions;
• the use of coagulants;
• prevention of complications.

Activation of uterine contractions

To stimulate uterine contractions, Oxytocin is used, once, 10–15 IU per goat. The drug is produced in different concentrations, so you should carefully study the instructions.

The statement of non-specialists recommending repeated use of the drug is erroneous. The activity of the hormonal drug is enhanced if you first inject Sinestrol. Milking has a stimulating effect on the reproductive organs. It is useful to carry out manipulation three times a day, even with a meager secretion.

Application of coagulants

Among hemostatic agents, the primacy belongs to Vikasol, a drug source of vitamin K, which is responsible for clotting. Goat breeders have adapted Dicinon as an anticoagulant.

The use of Ascorbic acid is shown, which strengthens the walls of blood vessels, reducing their porosity. The microflora of a healthy ruminant synthesizes vitamins C and K, however, in a goat weakened during childbirth, the need for them exceeds the body's resources.

If the goat develops heavy bleeding, the veterinarian may prescribe intravenous calcium chloride with glucose. When using antihemorrhagic agents, one should not overdo it: thickened blood creates problems for the heart, and increased thrombus formation is not excluded. In addition, unnecessary injections cause additional suffering to the sick animal.

Prevention of Complications

In any doubtful situations, partial fasting is better than overfeeding. Therefore, until the state of the goat normalizes, it must be given hay and dried leaves of woody plants. Your veterinarian may advise the use of long-acting, single-acting injectable antimicrobials, such as Nitox.

It is necessary to take into account possible contraindications and do not use antibiotics in conjunction with the means indicated in the instructions. You need to take care of yourself and others, do not drink milk for a week or another period specified in the instruction on the use of the medicine. You should be wary of the thoughtless use of medications, especially Amoxicillin, Bicillin and other penicillin drugs that inhibit the microflora.

In severe cases, an infusion of rehydration mixtures is carried out - Ringer's solution, Trisol or others. The goat will gladly drink the Regidron offered to her or solutions of his cheap analogues.

In some situations, it becomes necessary to maintain cardiac activity, you can use Caffeine, Sulfocamphocaine, medical products.

When the goat's condition improves, feed supplements containing carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals, such as Felucen, will help restore her strength.

Treatment of endometritis

The strategy for the treatment of endometritis is developing in the following areas:

• removal of pathological contents from the uterus;
• antimicrobial therapy;
• the use of fortifying agents.

Removal of pathological contents from the uterus

In order for the fluid that fills the uterus to be released as soon as possible, the contractility of the organ is stimulated by the administration of oxytocin by the methods mentioned above. The non-hormonal agent Oxylat is in demand, which, in addition to enhancing contractility, sanitizes the organ. It is injected into a lambing goat and two days later.

Antimicrobial Therapy

Use parenteral antimicrobials and intrauterine devices. Long-acting antibiotics, sulfonamides, as well as foaming preparations based on iodine-containing and nitrofuran components are effective. Some antibiotics, such as Bicillin and other penicillins, are unacceptable for long-term treatment, as they inhibit the vital activity of beneficial microbes in the large intestine and cause dysbacteriosis. The most convenient form for intrauterine administration is considered to be suppositories, which at body temperature pass from a solid state to a liquid, evenly distributing the healing components over the inner surface of the affected organ.

The use of general strengthening agents

After recovery, the lambing goat, which used up the reserves of vitamins and minerals during childbirth, as well as in the fight against the disease, needs to be replenished. Therefore, it is useful to use feed additives - premixes, for example, the following:

• Felucen. Contains fat-soluble vitamins, minerals, sugars. Produced in the form of tablets or powder, packaged in kilogram packages.

Zdravur goat

goat care rules

Most gynecological diseases of goats are associated with unsatisfactory zoohygienic conditions. Therefore, a woman in labor needs special care - the bedding must be clean, dry, the room is ventilated, without drafts. When servicing a newly calved goat, the main thing is not to overdo it. The introduction of furazolidone sticks or foaming suppositories into the uterus after separation of the placenta, sanitation of the vulva is justified. If the goat breeder considers it necessary to douche the goat's uterus with antiseptics, he must first consult with a veterinarian. An important feature of postpartum care is the organization of rational feeding.

Immediately after the goat has managed to lamb, the woman in labor is fed a mash of finely ground bran or oatmeal to restore her strength. Of the voluminous ones, hay and branch feed are left. For three days, mucous decoctions based on flour and flaxseed are useful for a goat. The resumption of giving concentrates, as well as succulent feed, begins from the fourth day. It must be taken into account that the goat is a ruminant animal, and the microflora needs time to adjust to new ingredients.

Allocations after lambing are present in many animals and the goat is no exception. It is important to distinguish the physiological process from the pathological symptoms. The owner is obliged to conduct a daily inspection of the lambing goat, help her recover after childbirth, and in doubtful cases, contact a veterinarian.

Bleeding from the uterus occurs in mares, cows, goats and rarely in other animal species due to damage to the blood vessels.

Bleeding from the uterus can occur during childbirth (in the stage of excretion of the fetus and in the afterbirth stage) and in the postpartum period. The vessels of the chorion or the mucous membrane of the uterus or the circulatory systems of the fetus and mother can be opened into the uterine cavity at the same time. Bleeding can be either capillary, venous or arterial. In 3-5% of cows and heifers during the stage of excitation with a pronounced estrus, the mucus becomes bloody due to the rupture of small blood vessels of the mucous membrane and especially caruncles.

Etiology. The direct cause of uterine bleeding is trauma to the uterus associated with improper articulation and positions of the fetus (when the fetus walks with its legs crossed over its head, rests its hooves against the arch of the uterus and injures it). During the provision of obstetric care, especially if it is provided by ignorant personnel, the uterus can be injured with tools, nails, and fetal bones during fetotomy. In some animals during childbirth, even complete perforation of the uterine wall can occur. Bleeding in animals from the uterine cavity is especially common when a rough surgical separation of the placenta is performed, during which the uterine mucosa is injured, as well as caruncles are detached from their legs. Rarely, but there is bleeding when we try to forcibly expand the cervical canal, with a belated attempt to conduct an operative separation of the placenta. Bleeding occurs when the caruncles are torn, when we strongly pull the detached part of the placenta by hand, and also when the owners of animals, in order to accelerate the separation of the placenta, tie weights to it.

In some cows and heifers, bleeding from the uterus occurs 1-3 days after the excitation stage in the animal during hunting is due to diapedesis and rupture of the blood vessels of the uterine mucosa. This type of bleeding does not affect the fertility of animals.

Clinical signs. We talk about bleeding from the uterus when we see periodic or constant bleeding from the animal's genital tract. Veterinarians about uterine bleeding are judged by the appearance of blood on the hands when providing obstetric care to the animal during difficult childbirth or the surgical separation of the placenta. If the bleeding in the uterus is profuse, then when the animal strains from the external genital organs, the contents of the uterus with an admixture of blood are released or pure blood is released.

When the mucous membrane and the inner circular layer of the cervix are injured, we note parenchymal bleeding, which quickly stops. If the vascular zone ruptures in the cervix, then the resulting bleeding can be intense, longer and more dangerous. With severe bleeding in an animal, we diagnose.

Diagnosis. When making a diagnosis, the first step is to make sure that the bleeding is coming from the uterus and not from the vagina. To do this, using a vaginal mirror, we examine the mucous membrane of the vagina and the vaginal part of the cervix. If the vaginal cavity is filled with blood, we remove it with a swab and wipe it and exclude vaginal bleeding. With uterine bleeding in the vagina, we find blood clots that do not form with vaginal bleeding.

Forecast with bleeding, it is always doubtful, because the veterinarian cannot always determine either the nature of the bleeding or its source. In mares, blood flowing between the maternal and fetal parts of the placenta leads to their separation and, as a result, an abortion occurs. In a cow with a multiple placenta, even significant bleeding usually disappears without harmful consequences (blood accumulates between the placentas without disturbing the placental connection). If the bleeding does not end with an abortion in the animal, the outflowing blood is partially absorbed and partially calcified, turning later into uterine sand.

Treatment. Help for an animal with bleeding from the uterus must be provided on an emergency basis. If bleeding began during childbirth, then it is urgent to complete the removal of the fetus; if bleeding appeared during the surgical separation of the placenta, the veterinarian quickly completes the operation to separate the placenta, if it comes to an end, or immediately takes measures to stop the bleeding. Considering that bleeding is usually intense with uterine atony, and in order to reduce uterine bleeding, takes measures to increase uterine contraction, in which there is a narrowing of the blood vessels. To contract the uterus, we introduce drugs that cause it to contract: oxytocin intramuscularly and subcutaneously in large animals (c.s., horses) 30-60 U.D., dogs-5-10 U.D., cats -3U.D. To stop bleeding, you can use a 1% aqueous solution of ichthyol by intravenous administration at the rate of 1 ml of solution per 3 kg of animal body weight. We prepare the ichthyol solution as follows: pour pure ichthyol into the flask, add the required amount of distilled water or saline and bring to a boil. Then the resulting solution is filtered through 2-3 layers of sterile gauze and injected intravenously into large animals using Janet's syringe.

To increase blood clotting, we inject 150-200 ml of a 10% solution of calcium chloride intravenously, and to increase blood viscosity - a 10% solution of gelatin, large animals up to 100 ml, other animals are injected subcutaneously at a dose of 0.1-1 ml per kg. body weight of the animal.

In cows intramuscularly and intravenously we inject ascorbic acid (Vit. C) 2 g daily for 3-5 days. Vikasol (Vit. K) intramuscularly at 0.1-0.3 g 2-3 times a day.

For uterine bleeding, apply: biozinc 1-3 capsules per day, the course of treatment is 30 days. Cordyceps 1-5 capsules 2 times a day, course of treatment 10 days. Biocalcium 0.5 packet 2 times a day, course of treatment 30 days.

The animal must be given rest. Cold is locally applied to the abdomen, lower back and sacrum.

With large blood loss and weakening of cardiac activity, physiological saline or glucose solution in saline (saline solution -1000, glucose-40-cow) is intravenously administered.

If it is impossible to administer an isotonic solution to an animal intravenously, 2-3 liters of it is administered as an enema into the rectum (after the contents have been previously removed from it). This solution is absorbed quickly, providing a beneficial effect on the body of the animal.

Drugs that cause an increase in cardiac activity and increase blood pressure (caffeine, camphor) are not recommended for use at the first stage of assistance, because. with increased blood flow to the uterus, uterine bleeding may resume.

When bleeding from the vessels of the cervix, its canal is plugged with a gauze napkin, into which cotton wool is inserted. The ends of the napkin should protrude into the vagina. Gauze and cotton wool are pre-impregnated with antiseptic agents (turpentine, iodoform ether, undiluted eucalyptus tincture, 3% hydrogen peroxide solution, furacillin solution, rivanol, ichthyol, etc.), or 10% gelatin solution. With the simultaneous use of agents that reduce the uterus and narrow the vessels, it contributes to a faster stop of bleeding, and the tampon can be removed after 3-5 hours. The introduction and treatment of tampons is carried out using a vaginal mirror with an illuminator.

In order to prevent inflammation of the uterus and septic complications, sulfa drugs and antibiotics are prescribed, including modern ones: cephalosporins. Antibacterial suppositories are administered intrauterine.

It is impossible to massage the uterus through the rectum, as this can destroy a blood clot in damaged vessels and bleeding will resume.

Prevention. Prevention of uterine bleeding is reduced to a careful attitude to the tissues of the uterus and birth canal during childbirth, careful and patient surgical separation of the placenta. Of great importance is the increase in the resistance of the body and the tone of the uterus, which ensures normal retraction of the uterine muscles.

Blood discharge from a goat after childbirth normally does not last long and is due to physiological processes. As the body recovers, they should stop on their own. If this does not happen, the animal may have a health problem.

They are physiological or pathological. The goat breeder must be able to distinguish the norm from the symptoms of the disease in order to take the necessary measures in time and save the animal.

Physiological

After the appearance of offspring in females of all mammals, an ichor is released from the genital organ. At first, it has a brownish-red color, but gradually there is less blood in the discharge, it becomes pale pink, and a little later - a yellowish tint.

This means that the wound is healing and the uterine cleansing is proceeding normally. Lochia (normal discharge in recently parturient females) lasts from 5 to 12 days, and yellow excretions can be observed up to 21 days. When the discharge of the reproductive organs smells normal, and also does not contain impurities in the form of yellow-green or bright scarlet impurities, there is no reason for concern.

Pathological

It is not normal if discharge flows from the vulva of a lambing goat:

Important. If the physiological discharge from the uterus and vagina caused by childbirth bothers you longer than expected, this also indicates a pathology.

Bleeding after lambing

Within three hours after lambing, the afterbirth (placenta) comes out of the goat's genitals. With it, the remains of amniotic fluid and mucus with blood impurities are released. The goat breeder should not interfere in the process, speed up the exit of the placenta or forcibly remove it. This is fraught with rupture of the placenta, as well as the fact that part of it will remain in the uterus and provoke inflammation.

Severe bleeding in a goat is a cause for concern for the owner

As soon as the afterbirth came out, the bleeding decreases and by the end of the second day it stops completely. If this does not happen, and the red discharge continues to drain profusely, the goat owner should immediately call a veterinarian.

Hemorrhage (bleeding) can occur:

• in connection with the injury caused by the fetus, when it is quite large or does not come out correctly. Normally, the baby moves forward along the birth canal with his front legs, while his head is laid on them. Being born, for example, with raised and crossed hooves, the cub severely damages the goat's uterus from the inside;
• due to the fact that the muscles of the reproductive organ are weakly reduced, the walls of the vessels do not shrink and the blood continues to flow out. This is called subinvolution of the uterus - a pathologically slow bringing of the organ to its original state, which was before conception.

Among the reasons for subinvolution are:

• excessive stretching of the uterine walls due to multiple pregnancy (polyploidy) and / or a large amount of amniotic fluid (hydroamniosis);
• large offspring;
• adynamia - a breakdown, general muscle weakness of a goat, because of which it moves little or lies all the time;
• deficiency of vitamins, micro and macro elements.

Important. Bleeding is dangerous because it can cause anemia in an animal. Large-scale loss of blood causes its increased production. Tissues lack oxygen, accumulate toxins. The goat is in a depressed state, suffers from a breakdown, cannot eat and drink normally, and loses consciousness. If you do not start treatment in a timely manner, the animal will die.

endometritis

Sometimes, in a recently born goat, clots with a nauseating odor are released from the genitals, which is one of the signs of endometritis - inflammation of the membrane lining the inner surface of the uterus. More often, the process is accompanied by the expiration of a purulent discharge of a dirty brown color, with streaks and elements of necrotic epithelium.

The afterbirth, not completely released in childbirth - one of the causes of endometritis

The cause of the pathology is the activity of infectious pathogens that have entered the uterine cavity. They penetrate there when damaged during childbirth, as well as as a result of lambing in unsanitary conditions. The mucous membrane of the genital organ in the first time after the birth of offspring is an open wound, which is an ideal breeding ground for pathogenic microflora.

Important. To catch an infection, it is enough for a goat to sit down, touching the ground, dirty floor or bedding with the vulva. Immunity, weakened by pregnancy and childbirth, will not be able to withstand microbes that live everywhere.

Another cause of endometritis is the fragments of the placenta remaining in the uterus. They become necrotic, causing severe inflammation. If treatment is not started in a timely manner, the infection will enter the bloodstream and spread throughout the body - sepsis will develop, which in most cases ends in the death of the animal.

The treatment of postpartum conditions that caused bloody discharge in a goat is a complex of medical measures.

Therapy of bleeding after lambing a goat

The purpose of therapeutic measures are:

To achieve this, different methods and groups of medicines are used.

Activation of uterine contractions

Oxytocin is given to induce uterine contractions. It is administered once, at a dosage of 10-15 IU. The medicine is sold in several concentrations, so you should carefully read the instructions.

Important. There is an opinion that one injection is not enough to obtain the desired result. In fact, the activity of Oxytocin can be enhanced if you first prick Sinestrol. In addition, the contraction of the uterus stimulates the milking process very well. Even if there is negligibly little milk, the procedure should be performed three times a day.

Fighting bleeding

As a hemostatic agent, Vikasol is used - a source of vitamin K, which regulates clotting. Ascorbic acid preparations are used to improve the condition of blood vessels and strengthen their walls.

Normally, the intestinal microflora of ruminants provides sufficient production of vitamins K and C, but in an animal weakened by childbirth, the body is not able to give such a quantity to fully meet the need.

With severe bleeding, calcium chloride with glucose is administered intravenously. When saving a goat from blood loss, it is important not to overdo it: the use of a large amount of coagulants can lead to thickening of the blood, thus creating additional stress on the heart and increasing the risk of blood clots.

Prevention of complications

One possible complication is extreme fluid loss. To prevent dehydration, the goat should be well watered, including with Regidron solution. In severe cases, infusion therapy is indicated - intravenous administration of Ringer's solution, saline and other compounds, restoring the normal level of fluid in the body.

To prevent cardiovascular disorders that are possible after significant blood loss, Caffeine and Sulfocamphocaine are prescribed.

Treatment of endometritis

When a goat is diagnosed with this pathology, it requires special therapy that:

Cleaning the uterine cavity

In order for the pathological contents of the uterus to come out faster, it is necessary to activate the contractile function. This is achieved by using Oxytocin, which has already been mentioned above.

Antibacterial therapy

Antimicrobial drugs are used to combat pathogenic flora. Preference is given to drugs of prolonged (long-term) action, sulfonamides, nitrofurans. They are introduced into the body parenterally, that is, not through the gastrointestinal tract. Separate antibiotics, despite the wide spectrum of action, are not recommended. These include, for example, Bicillin and other drugs of the penicillin series, since dysbacteriosis develops against the background of their prolonged use.

To improve the condition of the uterine cavity, vaginal suppositories (suppositories) are used, which are inserted through the vagina. Once in the body, they melt under the influence of temperature, enveloping the mucosa of the reproductive organs with a therapeutic composition.

Table 1 Topical agents used to treat endometritis in goats

Name of the drug	Note
Ichthyol candles	Rectal suppositories, which can also be used to treat gynecological diseases. Thanks to ichthyol in the composition, they relieve inflammation, anesthetize, cleanse tissues and stimulate healing
Chlorhexidine suppositories	Broad-spectrum agent, active against bacteria, viruses and fungal infections.
Bedtadin candles	Contains iodine at a concentration that is not capable of causing mucosal burns. Causes the death of pathogens.
Hexicon candles	They have anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effect.
"Biogel - 10" - a semi-liquid composition with propolis, for injection into the cervical canal	Contains propolis. Destroys microbes, stimulates immunity and natural immunity to pathogens.

The last of the drugs listed in the table belongs to the category of exclusively veterinary drugs, the rest are successfully used to treat endometritis and other inflammations of the genital organs in both women and goats.

Diet

In addition to treatment, a goat weakened by childbirth and illness needs a sparing diet. This is the case when partial hunger is much more beneficial than overfeeding. The diet during this period should consist mainly of hay and dry leaves. How to feed a goat before lambing can be found in

When the goat begins to recover, it is possible to improve its general condition and speed up recovery by using nutritious and healthy feed additives.

Table 2. Feed additives that allow you to quickly restore the balance of trace elements in the body of a weakened goat

Name	Note
	It contains vitamins, mineral supplements and healthy carbohydrates. Available in the form of tablets or powder.
	Contains retinol and sulfur, iodine and selenium, zinc and cobalt, copper and cholecalciferol. The same volume of grated wheat grains or flour is added to a half-kilogram package, and then the mixture is introduced into the feed.
	Its composition is the same as in Zink, but enriched with magnesium, and also with tocopherol. Sold in packs of 600 g.

For more information on how and in what doses to feed supplements, see the instructions for each of them.

How to properly care for a lambing goat

In the vast majority of cases, poor zoohygiene is the cause of gynecological diseases in goats. A newborn needs special care:

After the birth has taken place, you should change the litter and perform antiseptic treatment of the external genital organs of the animal. This will have to be done regularly until the discharge stops.

Boiled water and crystals of potassium permanganate are used to prepare a solution for the purpose of processing a goat. They are dissolved to a bright pink liquid, which is then filtered and used to wash the area around the genital slit and at the base of the tail. In addition, blood and other secretions that have fallen on the udder are carefully and carefully removed.

For douching in the goat's vagina, a less concentrated solution is used so as not to burn the mucous membrane. It is enough if the water is a pale pink color. Enter the solution with a syringe. During the first day after delivery, washing is performed twice, with an interval of 12 hours. In the future, the external treatment of the animal is performed 1 time per day, and the internal treatment every other day, until the discharge stops. A solution of manganese can be replaced with chlorhexidine, which is freely sold in any pharmacy.

When caring for a lambing goat, it is important not to treat it on your own when there is no veterinary education. For medications and how to use them, it is best to consult with the animal clinic doctor. This is all the more important when it comes to postpartum pathologies associated with bleeding and infection. In this case, the doctor should be called at the first warning signs. The specialist has the necessary level of knowledge, is able to assess the condition of the animal and, if necessary, prescribe adequate therapy.

Conclusion

Scanty spotting in a goat after childbirth is considered the norm when their consistency and duration are within physiological limits. After lambing, the owner should inspect the animal daily to assess its condition and well-being. Any suspicion of a pathology is a reason to call a veterinarian.

Video - Blood discharge after childbirth in a goat