Everything that a person encounters in his life evokes this or that attitude in him. A certain attitude of a person is manifested even to individual qualities and properties of surrounding objects. The sphere of feelings includes annoyance and patriotism, joy and fear, delight and grief.

The senses- these are the attitudes of a person experienced in various forms to objects and phenomena of reality. Human life is unbearable without experiences, if a person is deprived of the opportunity to experience feelings, then the so-called “emotional hunger” sets in, which he seeks to satisfy by listening to his favorite music, reading an action-packed book, etc. Moreover, emotional saturation requires not only positive feelings, but also feelings associated with suffering.

The most developed and complex form of emotional processes in a person is feelings, which are not only an emotional, but also a conceptual reflection.

Feelings are formed throughout a person's life in conditions. Feelings that respond to higher social needs are called higher feelings. For example, love for the Motherland, for one's people, for one's city, for other people. They are characterized by the complexity of the structure, great strength, duration, stability, independence from specific situations and the state of the body. Such an example is the mother's love for her child, the mother can get angry with the child, be dissatisfied with his behavior, punish, but all this does not affect her feeling, which remains strong and relatively stable.

The complexity of higher feelings is determined by their complex structure. That is, they are made up of several different, and sometimes opposite emotions, which, as it were, crystallize on a certain subject. For example, falling in love is a less complex feeling than love, since in addition to falling in love, the latter involves tenderness, friendship, affection, jealousy and other emotions that produce a feeling of love that cannot be expressed in words.

Depending on the nature of a person's attitude to various objects of the social environment, the main types of higher feelings are distinguished: moral, praxical, intellectual, aesthetic.

moral feelings a person experiences in relation to society, other people, as well as to himself, such as a sense of patriotism, friendship, love, conscience, which regulate interpersonal relationships.

Feelings that are associated with the implementation of a person and other activities are called praxic. They arise in the process of activity in connection with its success or failure. Positive praxic feelings include industriousness, pleasant fatigue, a sense of enthusiasm for work, satisfaction from the work done. With the predominance of negative praxic feelings, a person perceives labor as hard labor.

Certain types of work, teaching, some games require intense mental activity. The process of mental activity is accompanied by intellectual emotions. If they acquire the qualities of stability and stability, they appear as intellectual feelings: curiosity, joy of discovering the truth, surprise, doubt.

The feelings that a person experiences when creating beauty in life and in art are called aesthetic. Aesthetic feelings are brought up through familiarization with nature, admiring the forest, the sun, the river, etc. In order to comprehend the laws of beauty and harmony, it is useful for children to engage in drawing, dancing, music and other types of artistic activities.

Throughout the development of people, a special form of mental reflection of significant objects and events has been formed - emotions. The same object or event evokes different emotions in different people, because everyone has their own, specific attitude.

Emotions- these are the subjective reactions of a person to the influence of external and internal stimuli, reflecting in the form of experiences their personal significance for the subject and manifesting themselves in the form of pleasure or displeasure.

In the narrow sense of the word, emotions are the immediate, temporary experience of some kind of feeling. So, if we consider the feelings experienced by the fans on the stands of the stadium and sports in general (the feeling of love for football, hockey, tennis), then these experiences cannot be called an emotion. Emotions here will be represented by the state of pleasure, admiration that a fan experiences when watching a good game.

Functions and types of emotions

Emotions were recognized as an important positive role in people's lives, and the following positive functions were associated with them: motivational-regulating, communicative, signaling and protective.

Motivation-regulating function is that emotions are involved in the motivation of human behavior, can induce, direct and regulate. Sometimes emotions can replace thinking in the regulation of behavior.

Communicative function lies in the fact that emotions, more precisely, the ways of their external expression, carry information about the mental and physical state of a person. Thanks to emotions, we understand each other better. Observing changes in emotional states, it becomes possible to judge what is happening in the psyche. Commentary: people belonging to different cultures are able to accurately perceive and evaluate many expressions of a human face, to determine from it such emotions as joy, anger, sadness, fear, disgust, surprise. This also applies to those peoples who have never been in direct contact with each other.

Signal function. Life without emotions is just as impossible as without. Emotions, Charles Darwin argued, arose in the process of evolution as a means by which living beings establish the significance of certain conditions to meet their urgent needs. Emotionally expressive movements (facial expressions, gestures, pantomime) serve as signals about the state of the system of human needs.

Protective function It is expressed in the fact that, arising as an instantaneous, quick reaction of the body, it can protect a person from dangers.

It has been established that the more complex a living being is organized, the higher the step on the evolutionary ladder it occupies, the richer and more diverse the gamut of emotions that it is able to experience.

The nature of the experience (pleasure or displeasure) determines the sign of emotions - positive And negative. From the point of view of the impact on human activity, emotions are divided into sthenic and asthenic. Sthenic emotions stimulate activity, increase the energy and tension of a person, induce him to actions, statements. A popular expression: "ready to move mountains." And, conversely, sometimes experiences are characterized by a kind of stiffness, passivity, then they talk about asthenic emotions. Therefore, depending on the situation and individual characteristics, emotions can affect behavior in different ways. So, grief can cause apathy, inactivity in a weak person, while a strong person doubles his energy, finding solace in work and creativity.

Modality- the main qualitative characteristic of emotions, which determines their type according to the specificity and special coloring of experiences. Three basic emotions are distinguished by modality: fear, anger and joy. With all the diversity, almost any emotion is a kind of expression of one of these emotions. Anxiety, anxiety, fear, horror are various manifestations of fear; malice, irritability, rage - anger; fun, rejoicing, triumph - joy.

K. Izard identified the following main emotions

Interest(as an emotion) - a positive emotional state that contributes to the development of skills and abilities, the acquisition of knowledge.

Joy- a positive emotional state associated with the ability to sufficiently fully satisfy the actual need, the probability of which up to this point was small or, in any case, uncertain.

Astonishment- an emotional reaction that does not have a clearly expressed positive or negative sign to sudden circumstances. Surprise inhibits all previous emotions, directing attention to the object that caused it, and can turn into interest.

Suffering- a negative emotional state associated with the received reliable or seemingly such information about the impossibility of satisfying the most important vital needs, which up to this point seemed more or less likely, most often occurs in the form of emotional stress.

Anger- an emotional state, negative in sign, as a rule, proceeding in the form of affect and caused by the sudden appearance of a serious obstacle to satisfying an extremely important need for the subject.

Disgust- a negative emotional state caused by objects (objects, people, circumstances), contact with which (physical interaction, communication in communication, etc.) comes into sharp conflict with the ideological, moral or aesthetic principles and attitudes of the subject. Disgust, when combined with anger, can motivate aggressive behavior in interpersonal relationships, where attack is motivated by anger, and disgust is motivated by the desire to get rid of someone or something.

Contempt- a negative emotional state that occurs in interpersonal relationships and is generated by a mismatch of life positions, views and behavior of the subject with life positions, views and behavior of the object of feeling. The latter are presented to the subject as base, not corresponding to accepted moral standards and aesthetic criteria.

Fear- a negative emotional state that appears when the subject receives information about a possible threat to his life well-being, about a real or imagined danger. Unlike the emotion of suffering caused by direct blocking of the most important needs, a person experiencing the emotion of fear has only a probabilistic forecast of possible trouble and acts on the basis of this (often an insufficiently reliable or exaggerated forecast).

Shame- a negative state, expressed in the awareness of the inconsistency of one's own thoughts, actions and appearance not only with the expectations of others, but also with one's own ideas about appropriate behavior and appearance.

Emotions are also characterized by strength, duration and awareness. The range of differences in the strength of internal experience and external manifestations is very large for an emotion of any modality. Joy can manifest itself as a weak emotion, for example, when a person experiences a feeling of satisfaction. Delight is an emotion of greater power. Anger ranges from irritability and resentment to hatred and rage, and fear ranges from mild anxiety to terror. Emotions last from a few seconds to many years in duration. The degree of awareness of emotions can also be different. Sometimes it is difficult for a person to understand what emotion he is experiencing and why it arises.

Emotional experiences are ambiguous. The same object can evoke inconsistent, conflicting emotions. This phenomenon has been named ambivalence(duality) of feelings. For example, you can respect someone for their hard work and at the same time condemn them for their temper.

The qualities that characterize each specific emotional reaction can be combined in various ways, which creates many-sided forms of their expression. The main forms of manifestation of emotions are sensual tone, situational emotion, affect, passion, stress, mood and feeling.

Sensual tone is expressed in the fact that many human sensations have their own emotional coloring. That is, people do not just feel any smell or taste, but perceive it as pleasant or unpleasant. Images of perception, memory, thinking, imagination are also emotionally colored. A. N. Leontiev considered one of the essential qualities of human cognition the phenomenon, which he called the “bias” of the reflection of the world.

Situational emotions arise in the process of human life more often than all other emotional reactions. Their main characteristics are considered to be relatively small strength, short duration, quick change of emotions, low external visibility.

Plan

Introduction

General characteristics of emotions

emotional states

The development of human emotions

Theories of emotion

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

Every day we encounter something in everyday life and it causes a certain attitude in us. Cognizing reality, a person in one way or another relates to objects, phenomena, events, to other people and, of course, to his personality. Some objects and phenomena cause us sympathy, others, on the contrary, disgust. For example, a book we read or a job we do can make us happy or sad, pleasurable or disappointing. Even individual properties of objects, information about which we receive through sensations, such as color, taste, smell, are not indifferent to us. Joy, sadness, admiration, indignation, anger, fear, etc. - all these are different types of a person's subjective attitude to reality. Relationships are formed between a person and the outside world, which become the subject of emotions. Emotions, feelings serve to reflect the subjective attitude of a person to himself and to the world around him. But how often do we trace our emotional reactions to certain things, objects or phenomena? Here we can not do without the ability to analyze ourselves and our attitude to what surrounds us. Therefore, I chose this topic for writing an essay, as it is very interesting for me and, one might say, unknown. In practical life, by emotions we understand the most diverse reactions of a person - from violent outbursts of passion to subtle colors of moods. In psychology, emotions are understood as mental processes that occur in the form of experiences and reflect personal significance and assessment of external and internal situations for human life. Let's try to understand this in more detail.

General characteristics of emotions

So what are these emotions? Emotions (from lat. emovere - to excite, excite). Emotions are a special class of subjective psychological states. They characterize the needs of a person and the objects to which they are directed. Emotions, as Charles Darwin argued, arose in the process of evolution, as a means by which living beings establish the significance of certain conditions to meet their urgent needs. The value of emotions for the body is a warning about the destructive nature of any factors. Therefore, we can say that emotions are one of the main mechanisms for regulating the functional state of the body and human activity. Thanks to emotions, a person is aware of his needs and the objects to which they are directed. And also, due to the fact that any emotion is positive or negative, a person can judge the achievement of the goal. Positive emotion is always associated with obtaining the desired result, while negative emotion, on the contrary, gives a signal of failure in achieving the goal. Most emotional states are reflected in the characteristics of human behavior. For example, redness or blanching of a person's skin in a certain situation may indicate his emotional state. It turns out that emotion can be considered as a holistic emotional reaction, which includes not only the mental component - experience, but also the physiological changes in the body that accompany this experience. Emotional states that have arisen in the process of activity can increase or decrease a person's vital activity. The first are called sthenic, the second - asthenic. The emergence and manifestation of emotions is associated with the complex complex work of the cortex, subcortex of the brain and the autonomic nervous system, which regulates the work of internal organs. This determines the close connection of emotions with the activity of the heart, respiration, with changes in the activity of skeletal muscles and facial muscles. Experiments have discovered in the depths of the brain, in the limbic system, the existence of centers of positive and negative emotions, called the centers of "pleasure, heaven" and "suffering, hell."

Emotions are divided into positive and negative, that is, pleasant and unpleasant. The most ancient in origin and the most common form of emotional experiences is the pleasure derived from organic needs, and the displeasure associated with the inability to do this when the need is exacerbated. In turn, the sensual tone of sensations is considered to be a peculiar coloring of sensations, which characterizes our attitude to the individual qualities of an object.

Emotions also exist in animals, but in humans they acquire a special depth and have many shades and combinations. IN depending on the personal (tastes, interests, moral attitudes, experience) and temperamental characteristics of people, as well as on the situation in which they are, the same reason can cause them different emotions.

More complex are positive (joy, delight) and negative (anger, grief, fear) emotions. Emotions also differ in intensity and duration, and also in the degree of awareness of the reason for their appearance. In this regard, moods, emotions and affects are distinguished. We will talk about the types of emotions below in more detail.

emotional states

As we said above, emotions are complex mental phenomena. The most significant emotions are the following types of emotional experiences: affects, emotions themselves, feelings of mood and emotional stress.

Affect(from Latin affectus - emotional excitement, passion) - a strong, stormy and relatively short-term emotional experience (flash), which completely captures the human psyche and predetermines a single reaction to the situation as a whole. Quite often, this reaction and the irritants that influence are not sufficiently realized - and this is one of the reasons for the uncontrollability of this state. One of the main features of affect is that this emotional reaction imposes on a person the need to perform some action, but the person himself loses a sense of reality.

With affect, the consequences of what is being done are little thought out, as a result of which a person's behavior becomes impulsive. A person ceases to control himself and may not be aware of what he is doing. This is explained by the fact that in a state of passion there is a very strong emotional excitation, which, affecting the motor centers of the cerebral cortex, turns into motor excitation. Under the influence of such excitation, a person makes abundant and often erratic movements and actions. It happens that a person becomes numb, his movements and actions completely stop, he seems to lose the power of speech. They say about such a person that he does not remember himself, was in unconsciousness. After an affect, a breakdown often occurs, indifference to everything around or remorse for what they have done. But still, one should not argue that in a state of passion a person is not at all aware of his actions and does not evaluate what is happening. Even with the strongest affect, a person is more or less aware of what is happening, just while some people are able to master their thoughts and actions, while others are not.

Emotions. Emotions differ from affects in the duration of the state and also their distinguishing feature is that emotions are a reaction not only to current events, but also to probable or remembered ones. Most of the objects and phenomena of the external environment affect our senses and cause us complex emotional sensations and feelings, which can include both pleasure and displeasure. For example, the memory of something unpleasant for us, along with a difficult feeling, can also cause joy from the realization that this unpleasant thing is in the past. There is also a bright combination of positive and negative coloring of emotional experiences in overcoming the difficulties that we have to deal with. By themselves, the actions that are performed in these cases often cause us unpleasant and difficult feelings, but the success we achieve is inextricably linked with positive emotional experiences. Emotions, like feelings, are perceived by a person as his own inner experiences and are transmitted to other people, they empathize. And also the satisfaction or dissatisfaction of a person with his behavior, actions, statements, and activities is manifested.

The senses- even more than emotions, stable mental states that have a clearly expressed objective character. They express a stable attitude towards some objects (real or imaginary). A person can only experience feelings for someone or something. For example, a person cannot experience the feeling of love if he does not have an object of affection.

Feelings play a rather significant role in building contacts with other people. We all know that a person prefers to be in a comfortable environment for him, and not in conditions that cause negative emotions. It should also be said that feelings are always individual. What one person likes may cause negative feelings in another person. This can be explained by the fact that they are mediated by the system of value attitudes of a particular person.

Depending on the direction of the feelings are divided into moral(a person's experience of his relationship to other people), intellectual(feelings associated with cognitive activity), aesthetic(a sense of beauty when perceiving art, natural phenomena), practical(feelings associated with human activity).

Moral or moral-political feelings are manifested in emotional attitudes towards various public institutions and organizations, as well as towards the state as a whole. An important feature of this group of feelings is their effective nature. They can act as motivating forces of heroic deeds and deeds. Therefore, one of the tasks of any state system is always the formation of such moral and political feelings as patriotism, love for the Motherland.

Intellectual feelings are experiences that arise in the process of human cognitive activity, they not only accompany it, but also stimulate, enhance it, affect the speed and productivity of thinking, the content and accuracy of the knowledge gained. Intellectual feelings such as: surprise, curiosity, a feeling of joy about the discovery made, a feeling of doubt about the correctness of the decision are evidence of the relationship between intellectual and emotional processes.

Aesthetic feelings are the emotional attitude of a person to the beautiful in nature, in people's lives and art. When we observe the objects and phenomena of reality around us, we can experience a special feeling of admiration for their beauty, we feel especially deep feelings when perceiving works of fiction, musical, dramatic and other types of art. The aesthetic attitude is manifested through different feelings - delight, joy, contempt, disgust, longing, suffering, etc.

In conclusion, it should be said that the division of feelings into groups is rather conditional. human feelings are so complex and multifaceted that it is rather difficult to attribute them to any particular group.

Passion- this is a manifestation of a strong and stable manifestation to something or someone. This is a rather complex type of emotional states. It is an alloy of emotions, motives, feelings, concentrated around a certain type of activity or subject.

mood considered to be the longest, or even “chronic” emotional state that colors all our behavior. The mood is characterized by less intensity and objectivity. It can be joyful or sad, cheerful or depressed, cheerful or depressed, calm or irritated. It can be distinguished by duration. The stability of mood depends on quite a few reasons - the age of a person, his individual characteristics of character and temperament, willpower, etc. Mood can color a person's behavior for quite a long time, even a few weeks. Moreover, mood can become a stable personality trait. It is this peculiarity of mood that is meant when people are divided into optimists and pessimists. Mood also plays a huge role in the effectiveness of the activity that a person is engaged in, for example, everyone knows that the same work in one mood seems easy and pleasant, and in another - hard and depressing. And it is also known that in a good mood a person is able to perform a much greater amount of work than in a bad mood. It is impossible not to notice that people with high self-esteem often have an elevated mood, and people with low self-esteem have a more pronounced tendency to passive-negative emotional states that are associated with the expectation of adverse outcomes.

The above characteristics of the types of emotional states are quite general. Each of the species has its subspecies, which differ in intensity, duration, awareness, depth, origin, conditions of occurrence and disappearance, effects on the body, dynamics of development, direction, etc.

The development of human emotions

Education of emotions and feelings in a person begins from early childhood. An important condition for the formation of positive emotions and feelings is care from adults. The child who lacks love and affection in most cases grows up cold and unresponsive. And in order for emotional sensitivity to arise, responsibility for another is also important, for example, taking care of younger brothers and sisters, and if there are none, then about pets. It is very important and necessary that the child himself takes care of someone and is responsible for someone. Also, the most important condition for the formation of emotions is that the feelings of children are not limited only to the limits of subjective experiences, but receive their realization in some specific actions, actions and activities. Otherwise, it is easy to educate sentimental people who are only capable of verbal outpouring, but not capable of steadily putting their feelings into practice.

The earliest manifestations of emotions in children are associated with the organic needs of the child. This refers to the manifestations of pleasure and displeasure, with the satisfaction or dissatisfaction of the need for food, sleep, etc. In this regard, feelings such as fear and anger begin to manifest early. At first they are unconscious. For example, if we take a newborn child in our arms and, lifting it up and then quickly lowering it down, you will see that the child will shrink all over, although he has never fallen. The first manifestations of anger, which are associated with displeasure, with dissatisfaction with their needs, are of the same unconscious nature. For example, the same child had angry wrinkles on his forehead when he was teased. It should also be noted that children also develop empathy and compassion quite early. Positive emotions in a child develop gradually through play and exploratory behavior. First, the baby has pleasure at the moment of obtaining the desired result, and then the playing child is pleased not only with the result, but also with the process of activity itself, here already the pleasure is associated not with the end of the process, but with its content. In older children, an anticipation of pleasure appears, emotion in this case arises at the beginning of play activity, and neither the result nor the performance itself is central to the child's experience.

The development of negative emotions is due to the instability of the emotional sphere of children and is closely connected with frustration. Frustration is an emotional reaction to a hindrance in achieving a conscious goal. The state of frustration that often recurs in early childhood and the stereotypical forms of its manifestation in some reinforce lethargy, indifference, lack of initiative, while in others - aggressiveness, envy and anger. Therefore, in order to avoid such effects, it is undesirable when raising a child to too often achieve his requirements by direct pressure. Because, insisting on the immediate fulfillment of the requirements, adults do not provide the child with the opportunity to achieve the goal set for him and create conditions that contribute to the consolidation of stubbornness and aggressiveness in some and lack of initiative in others. Also of great importance in the formation of such an emotional state as aggressiveness is the punishment of the child, especially the measure of punishment. It turns out that children who are severely punished at home show more aggressiveness while playing with dolls than children who are not severely punished. But at the same time, the complete absence of punishment also adversely affects the development of children's character.

Along with the formation of positive and negative emotions in children, moral feelings are gradually formed. The rudiments of moral consciousness appear for the first time in a child under the influence of praise, approval, and also censure, when the child hears from adults that one thing is possible, necessary and must, and the other is not good and impossible. Although the first ideas of children about what is “good” and what is “bad” are closely related to the personal interests of both the child himself and other people.

In children, the beginnings of such a complex feeling as an aesthetic feeling appear quite early. One of its manifestations is the pleasure that children experience when listening to music. Also, by the end of the first year, children may like certain things, this is manifested in relation to toys and his personal belongings. The source of the development of aesthetic feelings is drawing, music, singing, visiting theaters, cinema, concerts.

In schoolchildren, life ideals change at school age. With the transition of the child to school, with the expansion of his intellectual horizons, other people (not only relatives, as in children of preschool age), for example, teachers, specific historical or literary heroes, already act as an ideal.

Emotions play an important role in human life. To date, no one can deny the connection of emotions with the characteristics of the vital activity of the body. It is known that under the influence of emotions the activity of the organs of blood circulation, respiration, digestion, glands of internal and external secretion, etc., changes. Excessive intensity and duration of experiences can cause disturbances in the body. For example, during emotional experiences, blood circulation changes: the heartbeat quickens or slows down, the tone of blood vessels changes, blood pressure rises or falls, etc. As a result of some experiences, a person blushes, while others turn pale. And our heart reacts so sensitively to all changes in emotional life that among the people it has always been considered the receptacle of the soul, the organ of the senses.

Theories of emotion

Ch. Darwin's theory (on the biological nature and benefits of emotions: expressive emotional movements are a vestige of expedient instinctive actions, they are a biologically significant signal for individuals of their own and other species). For the first time, emotional expressive movements became the subject of Ch. Darwin's study. In 1872 Charles Darwin published the book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. Based on comparative studies of the emotional movements of mammals, he created the biological concept of emotions. In this work, he argued that the evolutionary principle applies not only to the biological, but also to the mental and behavioral development of animals. In his opinion, there is much in common between the behavior of man and animal. He substantiated this on the basis of observations of the external expression of various emotional states in animals and people. Darwin believed that emotions appeared in the process of evolution of living beings as vital adaptive mechanisms that contribute to the adaptation of the body to the conditions and situations of its existence. This theory is called evolutionary.

Anokhin's theory (emotions are a product of evolution, an adaptive factor in the life of the animal world, contributing to the preservation of the life of an individual and the whole species; positive emotions arise if the actual result of an action coincides with or exceeds the expected result; negative emotions arise if the real result is worse than expected; repeated failures in obtaining the expected result cause inhibition of inefficient activity). Anokhin's theory considers emotions as a product of evolution, as an accessory factor in the life of the animal world. Consideration of emotions from a biological point of view allows us to recognize that emotions have become fixed in evolution as a mechanism that keeps life processes within optimal limits and prevents the destructive nature of a deficiency or excess of any life factors in a given organism. Positive emotions arise when the real result of a perfect behavioral act coincides with or exceeds the expected useful result, and vice versa, the lack of a real result, a mismatch with the expected one, leads to negative emotions.

The James-Lange theory (the emergence of emotions is due to changes in organic processes: breathing, pulse, facial expressions. Emotions = the sum of organic sensations “a person is sad because he is crying, Anna is vice versa”). James and, independently of him, Lange formulated a theory according to which the emergence of emotions is due to changes caused by external influences, as in an arbitrary motor sphere. The sensations associated with these changes are emotional experiences. According to James, “we are sad because we cry; we are afraid because we tremble; We rejoice because we laugh. According to the James-Lange theory, organic changes are the root causes of emotions. Reflecting in the human psyche through a feedback system, they generate an emotional experience of the corresponding modality. According to this point of view, first, under the influence of external stimuli, the changes characteristic of emotions occur in the body, and only then does the emotion itself arise. It should be said that the emergence of this theory has led to a simplification of the understanding of the mechanisms of arbitrary regulation. For example, it was believed that unwanted emotions, such as grief or anger, could be suppressed by deliberately performing actions that would normally result in positive emotions. In conclusion, it should be said that the James-Lange theory played a positive role, pointing to the connection of three events: an external stimulus, a behavioral act, and an emotional experience. But despite this, the James-Lange theory caused a number of objections, and one of them was Cannon's theory.

Cannon's theory (not organic processes cause emotions, but Emotions and Organic processes are generated simultaneously by a single source). Cannon found that the bodily changes observed during the occurrence of different emotional states are very similar to each other and not so diverse as to explain the qualitative differences in the highest emotional experiences of a person. Moreover, Cannon discovered that organic changes artificially induced in a person are not always accompanied by emotional experiences. Cannon's strongest argument against the James-Lange theory was his experiment, thanks to which he discovered that artificially induced cessation of organic signals in the brain does not prevent the emergence of emotions.

Cannon's provisions were developed by P. Bard, who showed that in fact both bodily changes and the emotional experiences associated with them occur almost simultaneously.

In later studies, it was found that of all the structures of the brain, the most functionally connected with emotions is not even the thalamus itself, but the hypothalamus and the central parts of the limbic system. In experiments on animals, it was found that electrical effects on these structures can control emotional states, such as anger, fear (X. Delgado).

Helhorn theory. Emotions carry out energy mobilization of the body:

· Positive emotions cause blood flow, increased nutrition of tissues - they "rejuvenate" a person.

Negative emotions cause vasospasm - they "age" a person.

Arnold's concept. An intuitive assessment of a situation, for example, a threat, causes a desire to act, which is expressed in various bodily changes, is experienced as an emotion and can lead to the action “We are afraid because we think we are being threatened.”

A separate group of theories are views that reveal the nature of emotions through cognitive factors, i.e. thinking and consciousness.

The theory of cognitive dissonance by L. Festinger (positive emotions are the result of the coincidence or excess of the received information with the expected; negative emotions are the result of a lack, discrepancy between the received information and the original; if you lower the level of expectations, then more positive emotions are caused.) The main concept of this theory was dissonance. Dissonance is a negative emotional state that occurs when the subject has conflicting information about the object. According to this theory, a person has a positive emotional experience when his expectations are confirmed, i.e. when the actual performance results are consistent. At the same time, the positive emotional state that has arisen can be characterized as consonance. Negative emotions arise when there is a discrepancy or dissonance between the expected and actual results of the activity. The state of cognitive dissonance is usually experienced by a person as discomfort, and it is natural that he seeks to get rid of it as soon as possible. To do this, he has at least two ways: first, change his expectations so that they correspond to reality, and secondly, try to get new information that would be consistent with previous expectations. Thanks to the position of this theory, emerging emotional states are considered as the main reason for the corresponding actions and deeds.

Simonov's information theory (according to Simonov, emotion is a reflection by the brain of higher animals and humans of the magnitude of the need and the probability of its satisfaction at the moment. And it is expressed by the formulaE =- P (I n- And c). Domestic physiologist P.V. Simonov formulated this rule according to the formula E =- P (I n- And c). Where:

E - emotion, its quality and strength;

P - the magnitude and specificity of the actual need;

I n - information necessary to meet the current need;

And c - existing information, i.e. the information that a person has at the moment.

The consequences of this formula are as follows: if a person does not have a need, then he does not experience emotions either; Emotion does not arise even in the case when a person experiencing a need has the full opportunity to realize it. If the subjective assessment of the probability of meeting the need is large, positive qualities appear. Negative emotions arise if the subject negatively assesses the possibility of satisfying the need. It turns out that, consciously or unconsciously, a person constantly compares information about what is required to satisfy a need with what he has, and, depending on the results of the comparison, experiences various emotions.

Finally, it should be said that so far there is no single point of view on the nature of emotions. Numerous studies are still being conducted that focus on the study of emotions. The knowledge that we now have about emotions speaks of their duality. On the one hand, these are subjective factors, which include various mental phenomena, as well as cognitive processes and features of the organization of human values. On the other hand, emotions are determined by the physiological characteristics of the individual.

Conclusion

So, from the foregoing, we can conclude that emotions are psychological reactions inherent in each of us to good and bad, these are our anxieties and joys, our despair and pleasure, emotions provide us with the ability to experience and empathize support interest in life, in the environment. the world. Emotions are part of our psychological activity, part of our "I". Each of us has differences in the depth and stability of feelings. For some people, they are superficial in nature, they flow easily and unobtrusively in others, feelings capture the whole and leave a deep mark after themselves. But this is precisely what determines the uniqueness of a particular person, determines his individuality.

Also not unimportant is the fact that feelings and emotions contribute to a deeper knowledge of the person himself. Thanks to experiences, a person learns his capabilities, abilities, advantages and disadvantages. A person's experiences in a new environment often reveal something new in himself, in people, in the world of surrounding objects and phenomena.

It can also be concluded that for the entire mental health of a person, the main goal is his correct emotional education from early childhood and throughout life. This can be especially noted when raising a younger teenager. When the emotional sphere undergoes a transitional period from childhood to adulthood. If at a younger age the emotional state of a child depends on the satisfaction of his needs and the assessment of an adult, then during this period of development and formation of a personality, a teenager begins to independently control his emotions.

A modern person in his actions often has to be guided mainly not by emotions, but by reason, but in many life situations the influence of emotions on human behavior is very great. And the general desire to maintain a positive emotional state in oneself and others is a guarantee of health, vigor and good mood. The good news is that emotions can be controlled, and in case of urgent need, there are a number of ways to defuse emotional stress.

And although we are not always aware of this fact, it must be said that emotions are one of the main mechanisms for regulating the functional state of the body and human activity. Thanks to emotions, we are aware of our needs and the objects to which they are directed, which is certainly very important for us. And also, due to the fact that any emotion is positive or negative, we judge the achievement of the goal.

Bibliography

1. Stolyarenko L.D. Fundamentals of psychology. - RnD., 2008.

2. Maklakov A.G. General psychology. - St. Petersburg. 2009.

3. Meshcheryakova B.G., Zinchenko V.P. Modern psychological dictionary.

4. Izard K.E. Psychology of emotions. - St. Petersburg. 1999.

5. Rubinstein S.L. Fundamentals of General Psychology. - St. Petersburg. 1999.

Tutoring

Need help learning a topic?

Our experts will advise or provide tutoring services on topics of interest to you.
Submit an application indicating the topic right now to find out about the possibility of obtaining a consultation.

A huge number of various myths are concentrated around human emotions and feelings. This is due to the fact that people have a poor idea of ​​their diversity and importance. To learn how to properly understand each other, you need to understand what types of emotions exist and learn their characteristics. In addition, you need to learn to distinguish genuine feelings from mere show.

What are emotions and feelings?

The emotional sphere of a person is a complex intricacies of elements that together allow you to experience everything that happens to him and around him. It consists of four main components:

• Emotional tone is a reaction in the form of an experience that sets the state of the body. It informs the body about how satisfied its current needs are, how comfortable it is now. If you listen to yourself, you can assess your emotional tone.
• Emotions are subjective experiences relating to situations and events that are important to a person.
• Feeling is a stable emotional attitude of a person to some object. They are always subjective and appear in the process of interaction with others.
• The emotional state differs from feeling by its weak focus on the object, and from emotion by its longer duration and stability. It is always triggered by certain feelings and emotions, but at the same time, as if by itself. A person can be in a state of euphoria, anger, depression, melancholy, etc.

Video: Psychology. Emotions and feelings

Functions and types of emotions

Emotions to a greater or lesser extent regulate the life of each of us. They are generally recognized as having four main functions:

• Motivation-regulating, designed to encourage action, direct and regulate. Often, emotions completely suppress thinking in the regulation of human behavior.
• Communicative is responsible for mutual understanding. It is emotions that tell us about the mental and physical state of a person and help us choose the right course of action when communicating with him. Thanks to emotions, we can understand each other, even without knowing the language.
• Signal allows you to communicate your needs to others with the help of emotional and expressive movements, gestures, facial expressions, etc.
• Protective is expressed in the fact that a person's instant emotional reaction can in some cases save him from dangers.

Scientists have already proven that the more complex a living being is organized, the richer and more diverse the range of emotions that it is able to experience.

Emotions and feelings

In addition, all emotions can be divided into several types. The nature of the experience (pleasant or unpleasant) determines the sign of the emotion - positive or negative. Emotions are also divided into types depending on the impact on human activity - sthenic and asthenic. The former encourage a person to act, while the latter, on the contrary, lead to stiffness and passivity. But the same emotion can have different effects on people or the same person in different situations. For example, a strong grief plunges one into despondency and inaction, and the second person seeks solace in work.

Emotions are not only in humans, but also in animals. For example, experiencing severe stress, they can change their behavior - become more calm or nervous, refuse food or stop responding to the world around them.

Also, the type of emotions determines their modality. By modality, three basic emotions are distinguished: fear, anger and joy, and the rest are only their peculiar expression. For example, fear, worry, anxiety, and horror are different manifestations of fear.

main human emotions

As we have already said, emotions are usually associated with the current moment and are a person's reaction to a change in his current state. Among them, several main ones stand out:

• joy - an intense experience of satisfaction with one's condition and situation;
• fear - a protective reaction of the body in case of a threat to its health and well-being;
• excitement - increased excitability caused by both positive and negative experiences, takes part in the formation of a person's readiness for an important event and activates his nervous system;
• interest is an innate emotion that spurs the cognitive aspect of the emotional sphere;
• surprise - an experience that reflects the contradiction between the existing experience and the new one;
• resentment - an experience associated with the manifestation of injustice towards a person;
• anger, anger, rage - negatively colored affects directed against perceived injustice;
• embarrassment - an experience for the impression made on others;
• pity - a surge of emotions that occurs when the suffering of another person is perceived as one's own.

Most of us easily distinguish the emotions of another by external manifestations.

Types of human feelings

Human feelings are often confused with emotions, but they have many differences. Feelings take time to arise, they are more persistent and less likely to change. All of them are divided into three categories:

• Moral (moral or emotional) feelings arise in relation to the behavior of other people or oneself. Their development occurs in the course of any activity and is usually associated with moral norms accepted in society. Depending on how what is happening corresponds to the internal attitudes of a person, he has a feeling of indignation or, conversely, satisfaction. All attachments, likes and dislikes, love and hate, belong to the same category.
• Intellectual feelings are experienced by a person in the course of mental activity. These include inspiration, joy from success, and stress from failure.
• Aesthetic feelings a person experiences when creating or appreciating something beautiful. This can apply to both art and natural phenomena.
• Practical feelings are generated by human activity, its results, success or failure.

The psychological state greatly affects the functioning of the body. When a person experiences emotions, an energy surge occurs in the body, the strength of which directly depends on the strength of the experienced emotion and the time during which the emotion is experienced. This surge is formed because when a person experiences emotions, the rhythm of the body's work changes. Psychological arousal causes a response in the nervous system. The blood passing through the heart abruptly changes the rhythm of the pulsation. The “drain” of blood from some parts of the body to others begins, in accordance with the emotion experienced by the person. If this is fear, then to the feet - so that you can run away. If this is anger, anger - to the hands, preparation for a fight. In case of a quarrel - to the head. Changes in brain waves begin, which results in an increase and decrease in pressure, and other ensuing consequences in the work of the body.
This abrupt change in the work of the body, violates the natural vibrations of the human body, consisting of vibrations from the work of the brain and internal organs. Sharply changed vibrations are surge.
In this surge, in these sudden new vibrations, information is “recorded”, at the energy level, about what caused this surge. This information is contained in the brain waves emitted from the moment the burst began and some time after it. Brain waves, vibrations containing information about the emotion, about what it was like, positive = benevolent or negative = malevolent, are woven into new vibrations (bursts), and programs energy with these vibrations.
When a person experiences positive emotions, on a subconscious level, a psychological reaction arises to give good in return, to do something good. With negative emotions, there is a reaction to cause harm, to do something not good, to the person or factor that caused them, in one form or another. The information about this reaction, recorded in brain waves, is the program that sets the burst energy into which it was woven, the task on the topic "What to do." The programmed burst energy is what it is emotion energy. The stronger the emotion, the stronger it is programmed. With very strong emotions, a surge of energy can flow into splash, at which most of the energy of emotion will leave the person. A surge is a consequence of an unconscious desire to direct the energy of an emotion to the cause of its occurrence.
This outburst can have several consequences:
1. The energy of emotion will pour out of the body into the Biofield and Aura and remain there.
If a person quickly calmed down or switched his attention to something else, then automatically, following the outgoing energy of emotions, a command is sent to stop. The energy stops and most of it stays within the human energy system. Perhaps a small part will have time to go beyond and dissipate in the surrounding space.
2. The energy of emotion will pour out on the cause of its occurrence.
The stronger the experienced emotion, the harder it is for a person to calm down and bring himself into a normal rhythm of psychological and physical work. An emotional outburst can result in the cause that caused it, be it a person or a “phenomenon”.
If this is a person, then the energy is directed directly at the person, and the stronger the emotion, the more it penetrates into his energy system, up to penetration into the chakras. If this is a positive emotion, then the person on whom the emotion has poured out will also feel good, and he will begin to experience positive emotions. Up to the occurrence of an emotional exchange * . If this is a negative emotion, then a person may experience heaviness and also some kind of negative emotion. With parallel interaction of people, let's say a conversation, a quarrel may begin, as a result of the exchange of negative emotions.
If the cause was not a person, and not a living being, but, say, a phenomenon or an object, then positive or negative energy will pour out on him, charge him with this energy / pour into the general energy of the phenomenon (sometimes into the egregor of this phenomenon).
A similar method is used by some vampiric entities that feed on the energy of fear. Directing into a person any energies that cause a feeling of intense fear, they bring a person to a state in which a person splashes out his fear - the energy of the emotion of fear - into the environment. The essence absorbs this energy.
3. The energy of emotion will pour out on everything that comes to hand.
Even if a person restrains himself in relation to the cause of the emergence of emotions, a person or a phenomenon, then sometimes he still needs to throw out this energy of emotion somewhere, since it begins to “burst” him, and is additionally pumped up, condensed, due to the fact that he cannot get out of the body. The instinct is turned on to stop the overflow, "lighten" your energy system, or get rid of everything superfluous, unnecessary, interfering (with negative emotions).
In the case of negative emotions, as a result of instinct, a person in one way or another “breaks down” on anything. There is this “tearing off” - a splashing of energy on any slightest irritation of the nervous system, which is intensified due to great excitability, even on something that in a normal psychological state would not cause irritation in a person. Such outbursts will continue as long as the energy of the emotion is felt by the person himself. As soon as a person ceases to feel the primary emotion in himself, he will calm down. Although psychological calming is not an indicator of the complete absence of the energy of the experienced emotion in a person **.
4. The energy will remain completely within the person.
If a person, when experiencing an emotion, psychologically closes himself from the external environment, trying to hide his emotion, then he automatically gives the energy of emotion a program to stay inside and not splash out anywhere. At the same time, the energy of emotion mixes with the energy of a person, during the natural work of the body, and becomes part of his energy, partially reflected in the Aura of this person.

_______________________
* Emotional exchange is when people interact, when one of them directs the energy of an emotion to another person, and when the same emotions arise in him and the response energy of the emotion is directed to the first, a kind of emotional energy “football” can begin between people. Chasing an emotion out of each other for a long time, these two people create a powerful energy layer around themselves, consisting of the energy of this emotion (it is for this reason that if people quarrel, a real big scandal can break out, since the emotional "heat", as it is called and called this "football"). Among other things, this layer, the cocoon, affects not only this couple, but can also greatly affect people and the environment, and objects that are or for some time are in the field of influence of this field.
** A person who does not work with energy has a very low sensitivity to subtle energies, therefore, in small quantities, he does not feel it at all, despite its origin and program. In the presence of any “not their own” energies, negative energies (their own and not their own), programs, influences, basically people feel not the energies themselves, but the manifestation at the physical level of the action of these energies on the human energy system.

Emotion control

Why do you need to control your emotions at all? Control, to a greater extent, concerns precisely negative emotions.. Uncontrolled emotional outbursts and outbursts greatly affect the physical condition of a person. He becomes a "hostage" of his emotions. The physical body, getting used to bursts, begins to uncontrollably change the rhythm of its work, even at the slightest hint of some kind of emotion. Thus, the body simulates emotion, causes it intentionally. Such a sharp and frequent change in biological rhythms (when it is changed and restored) has a very bad effect on the state of health.
The psychological state becomes very shaky, a person becomes subject to the special influence of various factors that irritate the psyche. Which means a constant change of mood, which also negatively affects the body. This is especially evident when a person is in a state of fatigue, in which even a person who tries to control his emotions can show irritability. A person who gets used to the uncontrolled emergence of negative emotions, and almost does not react, or suppresses positive emotions, often falls into a state of depression.

A person who does not know how to control his emotions is more prone to entering a state of affect. Being in a state of affect, a person can perform actions that he would not normally do. conscious state. The state of affect is the result of experiencing a very strong emotion, in which the conscious part of our consciousness is overshadowed by the unconscious (sometimes confused with the Subconscious). All unconscious actions are performed by this part of consciousness. All secret thoughts and thoughts, all secret desires and abilities that a person is not aware of in himself, or does not want to be aware, all this is hidden in the unconscious. All natural instincts are also displayed here.
Any very strong emotion can cause "clouding of consciousness" - when the unconscious part "takes control", and the person performs actions from which he was previously removed. So, during the test of very strong fear and stress, unconsciously for himself, a person can jump over 3-meter fences, without additional devices. It can give a physical rebuff to a person, many times stronger than him. Can develop a high running speed, practically not running in the normal state. Anger in a person can also cause an increase in strength, but other people can suffer.
The reason for the increase in physical strength during one and the second emotion is the adrenaline released in the body during these emotions. And coupled with the powerful energy of emotion, based on the reciprocal desires caused by this emotion, the brain switches from its usual area of ​​conscious "mode" and switches to an unconscious "mode" as a mechanism of mental self-defense. And the person begins to perform actions corresponding to the desires of emotions.
Even if a complete transition to this state does not occur, then an emotional person can very often be in an intermediate state, which is an extra extra load on the brain. And very frequent transitions into a state of passion not only aggravate health even more, but with very strong stress of the physical body and psyche, they can lead to mental health problems - a split personality, schizophrenia, "maniacism" (but this is a separate topic for consideration, because there are several psychological types of maniacs).

In situations that do not reach an extreme degree, any emotional outburst partially or severely disrupts the clarity of consciousness and thought process (even a surge of positive emotions). Again, due to a sharply knocked down rhythm of the brain. Being in a normal state, and even with the ability to partially control emotions, preventing them from spreading into the environment, a person loses the ability to think clearly for some time. At such moments, a person may not make the right decisions, but those that are beneficial to him in a given situation, without considering the consequences. This kind of thinking is called "situational thinking". The consequences of such decisions can sometimes be very deplorable, and usually become so. Because emotional decisions are characterized by desire in response to an emotion. What is an unconscious uncontrolled psychological reaction, in response to the cause of the emotion. Sometimes this desire is inspired by a heightened natural instinct.
Even if for a person the consequences of his actions and decisions are good, profitable, positive, then others who were directly related to the emotion that arose in a person, as well as with whom the subsequent decision or action of a person was connected, after the arisen emotions.
Therefore, no matter what emotions a person experiences, positive or negative, before making a decision, it is necessary to analyze the consequences of a particular decision, which, first of all, can affect the person himself.

Uncontrolled bursts of emotional energies are fraught with negative consequences for the human energy system. First of all, the natural energy vibrations of the body that occur during the biological activity of the body are sharply lost. Knocked down vibrations, and new ones that have arisen in their place in the form of a surge, leave “traces” in the human energy body, as a result of which the body begins to function in accordance with these vibrations, that is, it sharply rearranges the “functioning mode”, adjusting the work of the brain and internal organs under these vibrations. The energy body, having a memory of the "vibrational mode" corresponding to the normal functioning of the body, tries to bring the body into a normal state. The body begins to struggle with the energies of emotions within itself. The stronger the emotion and the greater its energy, the stronger the energy body brings the physical into normal mode ( by the way, that is why a person creates a state of "bursting" from emotions).
When experiencing positive emotions that are not harmful, but rather beneficial for the human body and energy, the energy body does not come into conflict with these energies, but, on the contrary, tries to include as many of these energies as possible in its energy flows and internal organs. Conflict occurs precisely with negative emotions.
The stronger the conflict, the more energy is needed to resolve it. The energy body begins to take this energy both from itself and from the Biofield, so as not to affect its “untouchable” energy reserve.
Negative energy penetrates the energy flows, settling on the channels and chakras, settling on the internal organs of the energy body. Through the chakras and channels, it also penetrates into the etheric body. Weaves into Biofield. The presence of negative emotions in us is manifested in the aura, in the form of a certain color scheme. This attracts additional negative energies from the environment. As well as negative entities of a vampiric nature. A person fills himself with what is "energy dirt" - negative energy. When a person calms down, if an outburst of the energy of emotion does not immediately occur, part of the energy of emotion remains in him in the form of settled negative, part goes out through the energy outlets into the energy of the environment.
A person who often experiences negative emotions and does not control them becomes very negative over time - he is completely filled with negative energy that has settled in him during emotions. Such a person, taking energy during sleep, transforms it with his negative energy also into negative, and releases the same negative energy from himself, which permeates everything with which a person interacts. And the problem here can be solved only by a complete cleaning of the entire energy system, as well as by intensified work on controlling one's negative emotions. As one of the options for some energy relief, which can only partially clear the Aura, the Biofield, and the human body, this is a sincere experience of positive emotions - laughter, joy. The energy of laughter has a positive effect on a person. It strengthens the general energy, and sweeps away the negative energies surrounding him from the person, building a kind of temporary protection from them. The energy of laughter always spills out of a person, even if a person tries to calm his laughter.
All of the above can be said in a couple of phrases. Like attracts like. Negative emotions attract negative energies, cause problems with the physical, psychological and energy health of a person. Positive emotions - attract positive energies, and strengthen the physical, psychological and energy health of a person.

Separately, it should be indicated why for a magician or a person involved in energy development, the main rule from the very beginning of practice is the control of emotions.

1. Controlling emotions is part of human development. The very path of development is associated with numerous psychological stresses, and if you do not control your emotions and do not work to strengthen your psychological state, a person can start to go crazy. The psychological struggle, the restructuring of the psychological state is one of the stages of development, parallel to others, which can last for many years, until the corresponding psychological state is fully established.

2. When experiencing any strong negative emotion, the appearance of the energy of which the magician does not control, he can cause an uncontrolled, but unconsciously desired, surge of the energy of the emotion, amplified by additional own energy, in the form of an energy attack. And this can have very unpleasant consequences. For example, fear, anger, resentment.

3. The control of emotions is necessary in many practices, as well as when interacting with the entities of the Thin Plans.

4. The control of the emergence of emotions ensures the internal energy and psychological purity of the practitioner. Does not undermine the energy of the Biofield. Does not pollute the Aura.

--------------------

To control emotions means to train your physical body, psyche and energy to the level at which controlled emotions arise to a greater extent at the level of thoughts, and manifest themselves as a maximum in the compression of the general energy, which is an energy restraint of the process of developing the energy of emotion.
Do not confuse control with the suppression of emotions. In the practice of intentionally suppressing emotions, the entire emotional system of a person “suffers”, and not only negative ones are suppressed, as is often claimed, but the ability to arise and feel positive emotions is also dulled.
Negative emotions activate unconscious desires and natural instincts in a person - the desire to harm that which harmed you. The instinct for defense or attack is turned on, which is nevertheless weakened by various psychological blocks, in the form of moral values ​​established as a rule, ethical standards of behavior, etc.
Anger and Anger - cause a desire for intentional harm, a cruel attitude, both psychological and physical.
Envy is the desire to take away something that a person has for himself.
Resentment - the desire for revenge, to offend in response, "children's syndrome."
The control of emotions allows not only to contain all these responses in oneself, working like a block, but to control their occurrence or non-occurrence, which means that in some situations, if it is really necessary, either to reduce them to "no", or to give them will.

The simplest practice for controlling emotions, available to all people, is breathing exercises.
Quickly focus your attention on your breath. Begin to take calm deep breaths and long calm exhalations, twice as long as the inhalation. Make intervals of 2-3 seconds between inhalation, exhalation and the next breath. Concentrate in parallel on the heartbeat, and, breathing as described above, try to calm its accelerated beat rhythm and return it to a normal rhythm. Continue to breathe in this way until the body is completely calm and until you feel calm and "departed".
Important! Some recommend breathing as follows during such breathing exercises to restore a normal pulse: 1 inhale, hold your breath for three heartbeats, exhale, hold your breath for 3 heartbeats. For psychological calming, this method is absolutely not suitable. This method has the best use in sports, especially after a long run, to restore not only the pulse, but also breathing if it has gone astray. The above exercise is mainly aimed at psychological calming, in parallel with which there is also physical calming.
During or after this exercise, slight dizziness may appear, and apathy - a complete absence of emotions. This is completely normal and will pass after a while. Dizziness appears as a result of sudden changes in intracranial and blood pressure, which rises sharply during emotion, and after (during exercise) drops to your normal level. The difference is due to the fact that the blood begins to "rush" to the spine, for sitting in place. Pressure drops are accompanied by changes in the work of the brain, which, when calm, is rebuilt from beta waves to alpha waves - the beginning of entering a trance state. And in this state, the parts of the brain responsible for emotions and communication are immersed in the state of sleep, the VD is turned off - the internal dialogue - a continuous thought process.
Such a state passes rather quickly when a person begins to engage in some kind of work that is of an intellectual nature. The best thing is to guess the crossword puzzle. The necessary parts of the brain begin to work, the level of brain waves rises and the person returns to normal. calm condition.
Despite the rather long description, the whole practice takes from 5 to 15 minutes. Although, with very strong emotional outbursts, a person may need a little more time.
By constantly using this technique, a person can train himself to such a level that only one inhalation-exhalation is enough for him to calm an emotion that is trying to build up. In a couple of seconds, he himself will be able to stop the emergence of the energy of emotion, transfer his body to a different mode of operation, and calm his nerves. All this, with constant practice, will develop into a protective mechanism of the body, in which a person will respond only to positive emotions, and all negative ones will arise only in the form of thoughts and some compression of his energy, as part of a protective mechanism to curb the growth of unnecessary emotional energies. .