A disease such as mumps can be dangerous for children. Often it proceeds without noticeable symptoms, but can give severe complications. Protecting a child from contracting this infection is not easy, since in a children's team it is not always possible to distinguish a sick baby from a healthy one. Manifestations usually occur only a few days after the disease has already begun, and the person has become contagious to others. Parents should be aware of the serious consequences that can result from getting mumps, as well as the importance of getting vaccinated against it.

The causative agent is a virus of the paramyxovirus family (measles and parainfluenza viruses belong to the same family). The causative agent of mumps develops only in the human body, in its various glands. It primarily affects the salivary glands (parotid and submandibular). But it can also multiply in all other glands of the body (genital, pancreatic, thyroid).

Most often, mumps occurs between the ages of 3 and 7 years, but adolescents up to 15 years of age can also get sick. Newborns do not have mumps, since they have a very high content of antigens for this virus in their blood. A person who has been ill develops lifelong immunity, so they do not get sick again with mumps.

It has been observed that mumps occurs more frequently in boys than in girls. Moreover, the defeat of the testes in adolescents leads to subsequent infertility. However, damage to the gonads occurs only in 20% of cases with a complicated form of mumps.

Types and forms of the disease

The severity of the course of mumps depends on the number of viruses that have entered the body, their activity, as well as the age and physical form of the child, the state of his immune system.

There are 2 types of disease:

• manifest (manifested by symptoms of varying severity);
• inapparent (asymptomatic mumps).

Manifestant parotitis

It is divided into uncomplicated (one or more salivary glands are affected, other organs are not affected) and complicated (the spread of the virus to other organs is observed). The complicated form of mumps is very dangerous, since inflammatory processes affect vital organs: the brain, kidneys, sex and mammary glands, heart, joints, nervous system. With this form, mumps can, meningitis, nephritis, mastitis, arthritis, myocarditis, orchitis, pancreatitis. In extremely rare cases, deafness occurs.

Mumps of this type proceeds in a mild form, as well as with manifestations of moderate severity and in severe form.

Light(atypical, with erased symptoms) form of mumps. There is a slight malaise, which quickly disappears without leading to any consequences.

Medium the disease is manifested by pronounced signs of damage to the salivary glands and general intoxication of the body with substances that the virus secretes.

heavy the form. Characteristic signs of damage to the salivary glands are sharply expressed, complications arise.

Inapparent parotitis

A feature of this disease is the complete absence of symptoms in a sick child. In this case, it is difficult to suspect the presence of a dangerous infection in his body. The insidiousness lies in the fact that the baby is a distributor of a dangerous infection, although he feels himself as usual.

Causes of mumps in children

The mumps virus is only spread through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. So the likelihood of the virus getting into the surrounding air increases if the child has a cold.

The incubation period is from 12 to 21 days. About a week before the onset of symptoms, the patient becomes contagious to others and continues to remain so until complete recovery, which is diagnosed by the results of the tests.

The virus, along with air, enters the mucous membrane of the nose and upper respiratory tract, from where it spreads further to the salivary and other glands of the body. Most often, the disease is manifested by inflammation and enlargement of the salivary glands.

The disease is facilitated by a decrease in immunity in a child due to frequent colds, poor nutrition, and lag in physical development. Susceptibility to the virus in unvaccinated children is very high. Children's institutions can experience outbreaks of mumps if they are visited by children who have a latent disease. In case of the appearance of the disease in several babies at the same time, the institution is closed for a 3-week quarantine. The mumps virus at a temperature of 20 ° dies after 4-6 days. It is unstable to the action of ultraviolet rays and disinfectants (lysol, formalin, bleach).

Outbreaks of the disease are especially possible in the autumn-winter period.

Signs of mumps

The disease proceeds in several stages.

Incubation period(duration 12-21 days). The following processes take place:

• viruses penetrate the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract;
• enter the blood;
• are carried throughout the body, accumulate in the glandular tissue;
• back into the blood. At this time, they can already be detected by laboratory diagnostic methods.

The period of clinical manifestations. In the normal course of the disease, signs of intoxication of the body and inflammation of the glands in the jaws and ears appear. This period lasts 3-4 days, if there are no complications.

Recovery. At this time, the symptoms of a child with mumps gradually disappear. This period lasts up to 7 days. Until about 9 days after the onset of symptoms, the baby can infect others.

First signs

The first signs of malaise occur in children a day before the appearance of swelling of the face. These include lack of appetite, weakness, chills, fever up to 38 ° -39 °, body aches, headache. All these are the consequences of poisoning the body with the products of the vital activity of microorganisms.

The child wants to sleep all the time, but cannot fall asleep. Small children are naughty. Perhaps the increase in the patient's pulse, lowering blood pressure. In a severe form of the disease, the temperature can reach up to 40 °.

Main manifestations

Children have pain in the earlobes, tonsils swell. Difficulty swallowing, chewing, talking, pain radiates to the ears. There may be increased salivation.

The salivary glands most often swell on both sides, although a unilateral form of the disease is also possible. Swell not only the parotid, but also the sublingual and submandibular salivary glands. Therefore, inflammation of the salivary glands leads to severe swelling of the cheeks, parotid region and neck.

The skin over the edema near the ears turns red, begins to shine. An increase in swelling is observed within 3 days, after which there is a reverse process of a gradual slow decrease in the size of the tumor. In adults and adolescents, swelling may not subside within 2 weeks; in young children, it decreases much faster. The older the child, the more severely he suffers the disease.

Features of the development of parotitis in boys and girls

In case of parotitis in boys, in about 20% of cases, a viral infection of the epithelium of the testicles (orchitis) occurs. If this happens during puberty, then infertility can become a consequence of a complicated disease.

Signs of the occurrence of such a condition are alternate swelling and redness of the testicles, pain in them, fever. Inflammation of the prostate gland (prostatitis) can also occur, the manifestations of which are pain in the groin area, frequent painful urination.

In girls, a complication of mumps may be inflammation of the ovaries (oophoritis). This causes nausea, abdominal pain, teenage girls have abundant yellow discharge, and sexual development may be delayed.

Signs of damage to the nervous system

In rare cases, the virus affects not only the glandular tissues, but also the central nervous system. This leads to meningitis (inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord). This is a disease that can pose a threat to the life of children. Its manifestations are very characteristic (tension of the muscles of the back and neck, which forces the child to take a special position), vomiting that does not bring relief, high fever.

A warning: A sign of the occurrence of complications is a sharp increase in temperature after a noticeable improvement in the patient's condition, when the temperature has already dropped to normal. Even if a child with mumps feels quite well, he should be under the supervision of a doctor until complete recovery.

Video: Signs and symptoms of mumps, the consequences of the disease

Diagnosis for mumps

As a rule, the characteristic course of the disease makes it possible to establish a diagnosis even without additional examination.

In addition to mumps, there are other causes of enlargement of the salivary glands, in which similar manifestations occur. This can happen due to the penetration of bacteria (streptococci, staphylococci), dehydration of the body, dental diseases, HIV infection.

However, in these cases, the appearance of swelling of the cheeks is preceded by any other characteristic manifestations (for example, teeth hurt, there is an injury, after which bacteria could be introduced into the salivary glands).

In order to finally verify the presence of a contagious infection, it is necessary to conduct laboratory diagnostics: a blood test for antibodies to the mumps virus, a microscopic examination of saliva and swabs from the pharynx. If a lesion of the nervous system is suspected, a puncture of the spinal cord is performed.

Treatment for mumps

As a rule, treatment is carried out at home. Children are hospitalized only in case of complications.

With an uncomplicated course of the disease, no special drugs are given to children. They are only easing their condition. It is often necessary to gargle with a solution of soda (1 teaspoon per 1 glass of warm water). If the baby does not know how to gargle, then they give him warm chamomile tea to drink.

A warm scarf is wrapped around the neck, a warm compress is made (a gauze napkin is moistened with slightly warmed vegetable oil and placed on a sore spot). This will help reduce pain. Antipyretics and painkillers are prescribed.

Physiotherapeutic heating helps to relieve inflammation of the salivary glands using methods such as UHF irradiation, diathermy. Sick children must comply with bed rest. Feed them preferably semi-liquid or soft food.

Video: Signs of parotitis in children, patient care

Prevention

Vaccination is the only effective way to prevent mumps. The vaccine is given 2 times, since immunity after it lasts 5-6 years. The first vaccination is given at 1 year (along with measles and rubella), and the second at 6 years.

Children who have been vaccinated against mumps are completely protected from this disease and its dangerous complications. The vaccine is completely safe, including for allergy sufferers.

If there is a sick child in the house, then other children and adults can be prescribed antiviral drugs for prevention.

Video: Consequences of mumps, the importance of vaccination

We all remember from childhood that the disease with the funny name "mumps" is especially dangerous for boys. But what is this danger and how to prevent it, not many people know. Indeed, boys suffer from mumps or mumps almost twice as often as girls. Most often, children get sick at the age of 3 to 7 years, and the disease is not severe. But sometimes older children get sick and then the likelihood of complications is much higher.

Let's try to figure out what mumps is, how it can be treated and prevented, and, most importantly, how dangerous it really is.

How does mumps manifest?

Mumps is caused by a special virus that can be picked up from a sick person. Although today, thanks to vaccination, the risk of encountering this virus has been significantly reduced, the anti-vaccination movement that has gained momentum in recent years may lead to the spread of this disease. In addition, it must be remembered that a person becomes contagious 2-3 days before the end of the incubation period, which ranges from 11 to 23 days. This means that, unaware of his disease, he can be a source of infection.

How does parotitis manifest itself? The disease can begin with pre-painful phenomena, with weakness, malaise, weakness and pain in the muscles. A set of symptoms is characteristic of most infections. But in most cases, it still begins with inflammation of the salivary gland. There is dryness in the mouth and pain in the ear. Gradually, this area swells, changing the shape of the face, making it round. Within 3 days, the swelling reaches its maximum and lasts, gradually subsiding, for another 7-10 days. The skin over this area becomes tense and shiny.

The name "mumps" comes from the fact that swollen salivary glands make a child's face round, reminiscent of a piglet's face.

The typical course of the disease is characterized by the presence of fever, which reaches its greatest severity on the 1-2 day of illness and can last 4-7 days. For a severe course of the disease, intoxication is characteristic. Also, in severe forms, it is possible to involve in the inflammatory process not only the salivary glands, but also other organs where there is glandular tissue.

Possible Complications

Usually, complications of mumps concern the glandular organs and the central nervous system. If a child is sick, then inflammation of the meninges or meningitis may develop. This complication occurs in more than 10% of cases. Damage to the nervous system usually occurs in the field of damage to the salivary glands, but in 25–30% of cases this happens simultaneously. Often, on the 4-7th day of illness, a violent manifestation of meningitis begins, it can be a sharp rise in temperature, vomiting, severe headache.

In adult men and adolescents, orchitis or inflammation of the testicles is often observed. Approximately on the 5-7th day from the onset of the disease, fever and severe pain in the groin and lower abdomen may appear. In this case, the affected testicle increases, reaching the size of a goose. With this form of the disease, fever can last 3-7 days, and an increase in the size of the testicle 5-8 days. Then, gradually, all symptoms subside, and after about 1–2 months, signs of testicular atrophy may become noticeable if corticosteroid hormones were not prescribed at the very beginning of the complication.

Ear damage from mumps can cause complete hearing loss.

Sometimes on the 4-7th day of illness, inflammation of the pancreas may become noticeable. It is characterized by severe abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, and fever. Sometimes parotitis leads to damage to the ears. The first sign of such a complication is noise and ringing in the ears, then dizziness, incoordination, and vomiting join. Deafness is usually unilateral and hearing is usually not restored during the recovery period.

Approximately 0.5% of patients, usually in adults and more often in men, may develop inflammation of the joints. Usually it is observed in the first 1-2 weeks from the onset of the disease. But sometimes it becomes noticeable even before the defeat of the salivary glands. Large joints are most often affected, while they swell and hurt. Soreness persists for 1-2 weeks, sometimes up to 3 months.

How is mumps treated?

There is no specific treatment for mumps. With a mild course of the disease, it goes away on its own, so the most important task in the treatment of mumps is to prevent complications. For this, it is extremely important to observe bed rest for at least 10 days.

To avoid inflammation of the pancreas, it is important to follow a special one. It is necessary to avoid overeating, limit the consumption of white bread, fats, cabbage and pasta. It is best to give preference to a dairy-vegetarian diet, eat rice, potatoes, black bread.

It was found that in men who neglected bed rest, orchitis is diagnosed approximately three times more often than in those who have been in bed since the first day.

With orchitis, it is necessary to start treatment with corticosteroid hormones as soon as possible. You can use prednisolone for 5-7 days. The initial dose is 40-60 mg and should be gradually reduced to 5 mg per day. The course of treatment for meningitis is similar. In addition, lumbar puncture with the extraction of a small dose of CSF helps with meningitis.

Consequences of mumps: is it so dangerous for boys (Video)

When it comes to parrot. Almost every person remembers that he is dangerous for boys. But is it really so? In most patients, both adults and children, both boys and girls, the disease is not dangerous and, with proper care, goes away on its own. But sometimes an aggressive course of the disease is still possible, which leads to unpleasant consequences.
In about 5 out of 1,000 people who become ill, the infection captures the brain and spinal cord, causing them to become inflamed. Even with this course of the disease, the prognosis is very favorable and most patients recover. Only in rare cases, certain neurological disorders, such as paralysis or hearing loss, and even death, may occur.

Approximately 5% of people with mumps develop inflammation of the pancreas, which in most cases disappears without a trace. By the way, rumors that this form of parotitis can cause the development of diabetes are greatly exaggerated, medicine considers this statement unfounded.

5% of women and girls who get mumps develop inflammation. Usually it ends with recovery and has no negative consequences.

As for the dire consequences for boys, anyone who spreads stories of dire consequences will have to be disappointed. Indeed, 20-50% of boys and men who become infected with mumps develop inflammation of the testicles. The most dangerous complication of this form of parotitis is infertility, but it is extremely rare. At the same time, the danger threatens to a greater extent adult men and adolescents. Parotitis in childhood rarely causes serious complications, both in boys and girls.

Rumors about the terrible danger of parotitis for boys have arisen, apparently due to the fact that this disease affects them almost twice as often as girls.

From the foregoing, we can conclude that parotitis is an unpleasant and dangerous disease, but its danger for boys is slightly exaggerated. Of course, they get sick more often than girls, but in most cases they recover successfully, and the likelihood of complications is the same for both sexes.

How to prevent mumps

Although really serious complications after parotitis are rare, it is better to be conscious and try to prevent them in advance. The best preventive measure in this situation is timely vaccination. Vaccination against mumps is carried out for all children a year along with vaccination against and rubella. Everything is done with a single vaccination, and there is no separate mumps vaccine.

This vaccine is very well tolerated and side effects are rare. The measles component creates the most problems, it can cause a mild rash seven days after vaccination. This is absolutely normal, everything goes away without any treatment, so you should not be afraid of vaccination because of this.

When deciding on vaccination, it must be remembered that complications of mumps are much more dangerous and occur much more often than complications after vaccination.

There are very few contraindications to vaccination, this is a significant decrease in immunity, for example, against the background of AIDS, leukemia, or taking drugs that suppress the immune response, such as steroids or immunosuppressants. If the child had severe allergic reactions, then vaccination is carried out under the supervision of an allergist.

• Causes
• Classification
• Symptoms
• Diagnostics
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prevention

Mumps - this is the scientific name for a childhood disease, popularly referred to as mumps. The causative agent is a virus from the paramycovirus family. It affects the central nervous system and glandular organs (pancreas and salivary glands, testes).

At risk are children under the age of 15 years, the peak falls on the period from 3 to 7 years. Boys are affected twice as often as girls. And for them, this infection is fraught with serious complications in autumn. It is transmitted by airborne droplets, so whole outbreaks of the epidemic in kindergartens and schools are not uncommon.

The more parents are aware of this unusual disease, the more reliable they will be able to protect their babies from it.

Causes

The main reason is paramycovirus. If we talk about how mumps is transmitted, this is the familiar airborne route, that is, during a conversation, sneezing or coughing.

You can get infected from a child who does not even have any signs of the disease yet. The fact is that a person is already a source of paramycovirus 9 days before the first symptoms appear and then 9 days after they appear (i.e., on average, 18 days of active infection are obtained).

During an epidemic, up to 70% of the children's team becomes infected. Why is the pig so selective? Firstly, after a disease, a persistent, lifelong immunity to it is formed. Re-infection is very rare. Secondly, 20% of children are not attacked by paramycovirus due to some individual characteristics.

Based on this, doctors suggest that there are a number of factors contributing to infection. These include:

• problems with immunity;
• avitaminosis;
• seasonal weakening of the body in winter and early spring;
• lack of vaccination.

So if a mumps epidemic has begun in a kindergarten or school, it is very difficult to protect a child from infection. The risk of infection is reduced if he has been vaccinated and has good immunity. And, of course, those who have already suffered the disease should not worry.

Medical terminology. Glandula parotidea is the Latin word for the parotid salivary gland, which is why its inflammation was called parotitis.

Classification

Depending on the state of immunity and the activity of the paramycovirus, mumps in children can proceed in different ways. Based on this, there are several classifications in pediatrics.

Manifestant parotitis

1. Uncomplicated: only the salivary glands (one or more) are affected.
2. Complicated: not only the salivary glands are affected, but also other organs, so meningitis, meningoencephalitis, nephritis, orchitis, mastitis, pancreatitis, myocarditis, and arthritis are diagnosed along with the mumps.

According to the severity of the current

1. Mild form (erased or atypical): mild symptoms, no consequences.
2. Moderate: pronounced signs of intoxication, enlarged salivary glands.
3. Severe: severe symptoms.

Allocate still inapparent parotitis, i.e. asymptomatic. On the one hand, the child is sick, but does not feel any particular discomfort, feels as usual - and this cannot but please the parents. On the other hand, it is a source of infection, infects others, while remaining in the shadows. After all, it is very difficult to diagnose this form of mumps in children.

Curious fact. Animals don't get mumps.

Symptoms

The disease has a fairly long incubation period, which largely depends on the state of the child's immune system. Usually, the first symptoms of mumps in children after infection begin to appear on days 11-13 (after 2 weeks), less often on days 19-23 (i.e., only after 3 weeks).

To prevent the spread of the epidemic, if there are 2-3 sick people in the children's team, quarantine is declared for a period of 21 days.

About a day before the swelling of the parotid glands, characteristic of the disease, prodromal phenomena can be observed - these are the first signs of mumps:

• weakness, broken state;
• malaise;
• headaches and muscle pain;
• slight chills;
• lack of appetite;
• insomnia.

The very next day, all these signs intensify and are supplemented by a whole series of symptoms. It will be useful for parents to know how mumps manifests itself in children, so as not to confuse it with other diseases.

Intoxication:

• arthralgia;
• chills;
• myalgia;
• headache;
• in severe forms, asthenia, tachycardia, low blood pressure, anorexia, and prolonged insomnia can be observed.

Temperature:

• with mild forms of mumps, it can be subfebrile (up to 38 ° C);
• with moderate severity - already febrile (38-39 ° C);
• with severe - high (40 ° C), and it can stay at this level for 2 weeks or more;
• the duration of the fever is from 4 to 7 days, the peak falls on the first and second days.

Salivary gland damage:

• dry mouth;
• ear pain;
• Filatov's symptom: the most painful points are in front of and behind the earlobe, as well as near the mastoid process;
• when chewing and talking, the pain radiates to the ears;
• gland tumor;
• the most striking symptom of mumps in children is a significant (visually detectable) increase in the salivary glands, most often on both sides, and the swelling usually extends to the neck;
• symptom of Mursu - inflammation of the mucous membrane in the area of ​​​​the excretory duct of the parotid gland affected by the virus: the skin in this place is tense, shiny;
• swelling increases over 3 days, remains in the achieved volume for another 2-3 days, and then slowly decreases (it takes another week or even more);
• parallel edema of the sublingual and submandibular glands is possible.

Damage to the male genital organs:

• in boys, in 20% there is a lesion of the spermatogenic epithelium of the testicles, which just provokes infertility in the future;
• inflammation of the testicles occurs with a complicated form of mumps;
• the child will constantly complain of pain in the gonad;
• successive increase in testicles in size, their swelling and redness.

In addition, you need to keep in mind how mumps proceeds in children of different ages. The older they are, the more severe the disease is. The period of puberty is considered especially dangerous, when the organs of this sphere can fall under the attack of the virus.

In adults, the disease is treated mainly in a hospital, because it is most often not possible to avoid complications. At the first suspicion of mumps, the child should immediately be shown to the doctor.

About the name of the disease. The face of a child with mumps, with swelling of the parotid spaces and neck, becomes puffy and takes on a characteristic shape. Therefore, for a long time there has been such a name for the infection - mumps. It is also sometimes referred to as a muzzle.

Diagnostics

Sometimes only an external examination and the results of routine tests - blood and urine - are enough to confirm the diagnosis. But sometimes the symptoms of mumps are disguised as other diseases, and the doctor has to prescribe a number of additional studies.

In addition, during the course of the disease, the child will have to take regular tests to identify complications.

Laboratory methods:

• blood and urine tests;
• flushes from the pharynx;
• study of the secretion of the parotid salivary gland;
• sampling of cerebrospinal fluid (mandatory only if concomitant meningitis and other CNS lesions are suspected).

Immunofluorescence methods:

• the study of cellular structures allows you to get faster results.

Serological methods:

• enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;
• simple reactions (RSK and RNGA);
• intradermal allergen test.

Diagnosis of mumps in children is usually not difficult. All additional studies are prescribed extremely rarely in the presence of complications. The examination is carried out either by a pediatrician or a therapist. He also prescribes treatment.

Likbez. If a child with mumps has been prescribed RSK tests (complement fixation reaction) or RIGA (indirect hemagglutination reaction), it will be necessary to prepare him in advance for blood sampling from a vein.

Treatment

After confirming the diagnosis based on the tests, the doctor will determine the severity of the disease and prescribe how to treat mumps in children - at home (in 90% of cases) or in a hospital (if there is a risk of complications).

The therapeutic course, the main task of which is to prevent complications, comes down to the following activities:

1. Isolation for 9 days after the onset of the first symptoms.
2. Bed rest for 10 days.
3. Prednisolone for a week: Dosages start at 40-60 mg, but decrease by 5 mg daily.
4. Other corticosteroids may be an alternative to prednisone.
5. If there is a risk of further development of meningitis, a spinal puncture is prescribed with the extraction of cerebrospinal fluid.
6. Dehydration therapy in moderation.
7. Antipyretics (paracetamol, ibuprofen), and at a very high temperature, an injection of analgin with papaverine is given.
8. Plentiful warm drink.
9. Antiviral / immunostimulatory drugs (eg, groprinosin).
10. Dry heat on the swollen area.
11. Antispasmodics (drotaverine, no-shpa) for pain relief.
12. Enzyme preparations as a prevention of pancreatitis (mezim, creon).

Therapeutic diet

Children with mumps are prescribed a therapeutic diet to avoid pancreatitis, which is a common complication after this disease. Its main principles:

• do not overeat;
• limit the use of white bread, pasta, fats, cabbage;
• the basis of the diet should be dairy and vegetable products;
• rice, potatoes, black bread are recommended.

Usually the treatment of mumps in children is reduced to complete rest, isolation and improvement of the general condition. If complications and concomitant diseases occur, the therapeutic course changes direction to them.

By any means to avoid the dangerous consequences of parotitis is the main task of doctors at this stage. Despite the fact that they are rare, their danger to the later life of the child is very great.

According to statistics. Boys who fell ill with mumps and did not comply with bed rest were subsequently diagnosed with orchitis 3 times more often than those who exactly followed all the recommendations of doctors.

Complications

Mumps is famous not so much for its symptoms or course, but for its consequences, and especially for boys. Indeed, the defeat of the testes by the virus may subsequently affect their ability to become fathers. Among the most common complications of this disease, doctors call the following:

• orchitis, aspermia, infertility and testicular atrophy are the most common and most dangerous consequences of mumps in boys, the risk of which increases with age;
• damage to the middle ear, which can result in deafness;
• diabetes;
• serious disturbances in the functioning of the central nervous system;
• serous meningitis;
• meningoencephalitis;
• inflammation of the thyroid gland;
• pancreatitis;
• dysfunction of the pancreas.

If the child has been ill with mumps, the prognosis with vaccination is favorable. Dangerous consequences, although diagnosed, are not so common. Lethal outcomes are very rare: about 1 case per 100,000. But in order to minimize all risks, it is better to vaccinate on time and no longer be afraid of a mumps epidemic.

Prevention

The vaccine is a safe and guaranteed means of preventing mumps in children. According to the vaccination schedule, two injections are required:

• at the age of 1-1.5 years;
• in the period from 2 to 6 years.

The mumps vaccine is safe and side effects are rare and mild. The introduction of the drug causes moderate pain, low temperature, swelling in the injection area.

There is no substantiated evidence that there is any association between mumps vaccination and neurological complications. The drug is developed on the basis of chicken cells, but is approved for administration to children who are allergic to eggs.

Despite regular vaccination, mumps epidemics constantly break out in children's groups. Without an appropriate injection at 1 year old, children suffer the disease very hard, and in this case, boys cannot avoid serious complications that will subsequently affect their whole life.

Parents should keep this in mind before writing a waiver for another vaccination. Mumps is exactly that disease, which is much more difficult to treat than to prevent.

Few people know about such a disease as mumps, but this is only because of the wording. The medical term is not widespread among the people, everyone knows this disease under a simpler name - mumps, sometimes - mumps. Mumps is one of the acute viral diseases and affects mainly children in the age range from 5 to 15 years, although sometimes adults also get sick. The causative agent affects the salivary glands (especially behind the ear, which became the main one for one of the popular names), causing their acute inflammation. This infection has been known for a very long time, the first mention of it was made by Hippocrates, but, despite such a long history, a person has not acquired innate immunity. In childhood, in most cases, the disease is not severe, but sometimes there are serious complications. To prevent mumps, there is a special vaccine that children are vaccinated with - thanks to it, the risk of infection is reduced to 5%. If the injection was not made, then the likelihood of getting sick becomes very high. After the cure of the disease, as well as after prophylactic vaccination, the body develops a strong immunity to the pathogen, which excludes re-infection during life.

The first signs of the disease

The source of infection can only be a person, the infection is transmitted by talking (that is, by airborne droplets) during direct contact with the infected. In medical practice, there have been cases when the pathogen (paramyxovirus) was transmitted through contact with objects (toys, cutlery) on which the saliva of an infected person remained. Contact with infected children, for example, in kindergarten, can lead to infection. The main danger is that mumps becomes contagious a few days before the first manifestations appear, that is, the child feels completely healthy, but at the same time infects others children.

In some cases, mumps proceeds with an erased, unclear symptomatology, and then it is often confused with the onset of a cold. A sick child is not restricted from contact with other children, which can provoke a case of mass disease or, in other words, an epidemic.

From a sick child, you can still become infected on average within a week after the first signs of parotitis appear. Susceptibility to mumps is very high, and boys are more at risk of getting infected. The seasonality of outbreaks is clearly observed - the beginning of spring, the period from March to the end of April. Once in the body, the virus penetrates the salivary glands, after which it spreads in search of suitable conditions for reproduction. Mumps affects the glandular organs and organs of the nervous system. Usually, the defeat of the salivary glands occurs first, but sometimes simultaneously with the spread of the virus throughout the body. . The disease develops rapidly, the symptoms quickly increase in intensity. The first manifestations of mumps include:

• a significant increase in temperature (usually up to 39-40 degrees);
• feeling of general weakness;
• refusal to eat due to loss of appetite;
• attempts to open the mouth and speak are accompanied by severe pain in the ears (the pain may increase at night, there may be tinnitus).

Primary symptoms are usually present alone on the first day after the onset of the disease, after which other manifestations of infection appear. A specific symptom of mumps, which usually makes it possible to diagnose the disease during the initial examination, is the formation of a swelling behind the ears, which gradually increases and can move to the neck. The name "mumps" was given to parotitis because of the changes in the child's face - the swelling grows, protruding the earlobes forward.

Photo gallery: the main symptoms of mumps

Symptoms of mumps in a child, depending on the form of the course of the disease

The disease can occur in various forms, on which the specificity of the symptoms manifested depends:

• with mild parotitis an increase in temperature occurs for a short time, and of the remaining symptoms, only pain and swelling in the area behind the ears remain. Often in children, the disease proceeds in this way;
• mumps of moderate severity accompanied by longer periods of fever, often accompanied by fever. In addition to damage to the salivary glands, infection of other glandular organs occurs, and due to general weakness and sleep disturbances, the baby may experience severe headaches;

• Mumps, in addition to inflammation of the salivary, with severe parotitis other glands in the body also become inflamed. The likelihood of damage to the nervous system and the appearance of serious complications increases.

The temperature in mumps should not be the main cause for concern for parents, since it is highly likely to be present all the time until the swelling behind the ears subsides. It is worth worrying about an elevated temperature if it is observed after the condition has returned to normal. This phenomenon may indicate the development of other inflammatory processes.

Sometimes the disease can be accompanied by a slight runny nose and sore throat, lesions of the genitourinary system and myocardium are often observed.

When to go to the hospital

It is important to understand that parents cannot make a diagnosis of mumps on their own, since, despite the specificity of the symptoms, they may indicate another disease. If parents suspect infection, it is recommended to immediately call a doctor at home (due to the high activity of the pathogen, it is better not to take the baby to the children's clinic in order to protect other children). At the first suspicion of parotitis, you should call a doctor at home. Seeking medical help guarantees the appointment of the correct treatment. Otherwise, if the pathogen is not neutralized, there is a risk of developing complications that are more dangerous for boys. Mumps can cause inflammation of the testicles, which in 10% of cases leads to infertility. Often children are diagnosed with a complication in the form of serous meningitis. The disease usually develops after 10 days after the onset of the first symptoms of parotitis and causes a repeated increase in temperature. In rare cases, mumps leads to inflammation of the pancreas, oophritis (inflammation of the ovaries in girls), myocarditis, and arthritis. There is also a risk of secondary infection due to a decrease in the body's immune defenses.

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Signs and symptoms of mumps in children - the consequences of mumps for girls and boys

Mumps, or mumps, is a viral acute disease accompanied by inflammation of the salivary glands. The disease is common, mainly among children from five to fifteen years old, but there are cases when adults get sick.

• Infectious disease mumps
• Signs and symptoms of mumps in children
• I eat a dangerous pig for girls and boys

Infectious disease mumps - how and why does mumps occur in children?

Mumps is one of the childhood diseases, and therefore, most often they suffer from babies aged three to seven years. Boys are twice as likely to get mumps as girls.
The causative agent of mumps is a virus of the paramycovirus family, which is related to influenza viruses. However, unlike influenza, it is less stable in the external environment. The transmission of mumps infection is carried out by airborne droplets. Basically, infection occurs after communication with the patient. There may be cases of mumps through dishes, toys or other objects. The infection affects the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx, nose and oral cavity. Often there is a lesion of the parotid glands. It is possible to detect the first signs of the disease after contact with the patient in about thirteen to nineteen days. The first sign is an increase in body temperature up to forty degrees. After a while, the ear area begins to swell, pain appears, pain when swallowing, and the formation of saliva increases. Due to the long incubation period, mumps is dangerous. A child, communicating with children, infects them. Mumps disease is most common during the weakening of the body and the lack of vitamins in it - in the spring and at the end of winter.

Signs and symptoms of mumps in children - a photo of what mumps looks like

The appearance of the first signs of the disease occurs after two to three weeks. The symptoms of mumps are as follows:

• Feeling of general weakness, chills and malaise;
• The child loses his appetite, he becomes capricious and lethargic;
• There is a headache and muscle pain;
• The body temperature rises.

Inflammation of the salivary glands is the main symptom of mumps in children. First of all, this concerns the salivary parotid glands. Often they swell on both sides, the swelling even extends to the neck. As a result, the patient's face takes on a characteristic shape, becomes puffy. That is why the people call the disease mumps. Some children may be difficult to tolerate the disease. The swelling of the parotid glands is accompanied by a parallel swelling of the sublingual and submandibular glands. Edema disturbs the child with its soreness. Children complain of pain when talking, eating, earache. In the absence of complications, the persistence of such symptoms lasts from seven to ten days.

Why mumps is dangerous for girls and boys - possible consequences of mumps disease

The consequences of epidemic parotitis can be deplorable. That is why, with any signs of the disease, it is very important to consult a doctor to prescribe the correct treatment. Among the complications that mumps can lead to, the following are noted:

• Acute serous meningitis;
• Dangerous to health and life meningoencephalitis;
• Damage to the middle ear, which can subsequently cause deafness;
• Inflammation of the thyroid gland;
• Violation of the central nervous system (central nervous system);
• pancreatitis;
• Inflammation of the pancreas.

Especially dangerous mumps is considered for males. Moreover, the consequences are more dangerous, the older the age of the sick child. This is due to the fact that in about twenty percent of cases, parotitis can affect the spermatogenic epithelium of the testicles. This can lead to infertility in the future. A complicated form of mumps disease leads to inflammation of the testicles. Pain is felt in the gonad. The testicle becomes enlarged, swells and turns red. Edema is usually observed first in one testicle, and then in the other. Orchitis, in some cases, can result in atrophy (testicular function dies), which for the future man is the cause of subsequent infertility.

• There are no specific methods for getting rid of mumps. Everything is done to prevent the development of complications and alleviate the patient's condition. The boy, if possible, is placed in a separate room and provided with bed rest.
• To avoid the development of pancreatitis, the child needs to provide the right diet. When the disease proceeds without complications, mumps can be cured in a child in ten to twelve days.
• The disease is tolerated worse with age. If the disease with mumps in a boy was not accompanied by orchitis, you can not be afraid of infertility. Mumps is considered extremely dangerous when puberty occurs. To avoid a disease with serious consequences, it is necessary to be vaccinated for prevention at the age of one year and at six to seven years.

Mumps is a common disease that is included in the group of exclusively childhood diseases, along with chickenpox, rubella and measles. In adults, it occurs in isolated cases. Thanks to effective vaccination against mumps (mumps), cases of infection have become rare. Babies from 3 to 7 years old are susceptible to the occurrence of this disease, but in boys, according to statistics, the disease is much more common than in girls.
Infants in their first year of life never suffer from this disease, as they receive antibodies from their mother to protect themselves from infection with the virus. In the summer, as a rule, mumps in children does not appear, in 99% of cases the onset of the disease occurs in the winter, when the possibility of infection with various infectious diseases increases due to weakened immunity and the high prevalence of various viruses. Today, the problem of infection is solved with the help of special vaccines that reduce its risk to 5%.

What is it and how does infection occur?

The disease affects the glandular tissue of the lymph nodes, primarily those located behind the child's ears, as well as the salivary glands. In boys, the disease is severe and can cause a lot of serious complications that affect the organs of the genitourinary system, especially the testicles. Mumps transferred in childhood in most cases is the cause of male infertility. Often, mumps is called mumps or mumps, as the disease is characterized by acute inflammation localized in the behind-the-ear glands. The disease is severe, accompanied by severe pain in the head and muscles of the body, as well as general intoxication.
The disease has a viral etiology, so you can become infected with it through contact with an already sick child. The mumps virus is resistant to environmental changes and temperature levels. Even at sub-zero air temperatures in winter, more than 90% of the pathogen retain their viability for several months. Infection of children most often occurs during walks and active games with peers in the fresh air, if one of them is already infected. The disease has a long incubation period, up to 23 days, during which the viruses actively multiply and can spread. Thus, a child can become infected after a normal walk or during play from other children who are not yet aware of their disease and that they are the source of the infection.

Symptoms

The main symptoms of the disease:

• headaches;
• chills;
• temperature rise;
• pain in the joints and muscles;
• dry mouth;
• weakness;
• the appearance of a tumor in the neck.

Most often, mumps begins suddenly, with a sharp increase in body temperature, the appearance of weakness, severe headaches. Mumps fever is not always observed, but a high temperature (up to 40 ° C) usually lasts for about a week. The main sign of mumps, which makes it possible to distinguish it from other viral diseases, is inflammation of the salivary glands near the ears, which causes a strong visible swelling of the cervical region. Often the inflammatory process spreads to the sublingual, as well as submandibular glands and lymph nodes. Palpation of the swelling that has appeared causes severe pain to the child. Sometimes the face of a sick baby can take on the shape of a pear - the inflamed glands are greatly enlarged, the proportions of the face are disturbed. The process can take place in a unilateral form, but in most cases, a maximum of 2 days after the onset of the disease, the lesion spreads to the other side of the head. Each case of the disease may have its own course, but in boys the symptoms are always very pronounced. Children with mumps usually complain of pain in the ear area, which intensifies at night, preventing sleep. In many babies, such pains are accompanied by tinnitus, difficulty opening the mouth. A sick child cannot chew on his own, so he is transferred to liquid food. As a rule, in children, severe pain persists for about 5 days, after which it gradually weakens, and at the same time, the swelling of the inflamed glands begins to subside. On average, the disease lasts about a week, and only in particularly acute cases it can take up to 13-15 days.

Diagnosis of mumps

Parotitis can take two forms:

• simple, when the disease affects only the salivary glands;
• complicated when the inflammation passes to other organs.

Diagnosis of a simple form occurs on the basis of visible symptoms, with a study of the anamnesis and the results of the tests obtained. To identify possible complications, many additional studies are being carried out, during which not only general analyzes of urine and blood, but also saliva, as well as secretory secretions are studied, the material is taken from the pharynx. In recent years, an immunofluorescent research technique has been increasingly used for diagnostics, which makes it possible to see the mumps virus in the tissues of the nasopharynx. It is this diagnostic method that is the fastest, but the most informative in terms of determining the type of virus is the enzyme immunoassay method.

Features of the treatment of parotitis

If no special complications are observed during the course of the disease, then the treatment takes place on an outpatient basis, at home, but the sick child should be isolated from contact with other children. No special treatment is required for mumps, but it is important that the baby stays in bed throughout the duration of the disease. No medication is needed, except for antipyretics and pain medications when needed. You can give your baby more vitamins and various means to strengthen the immune system, but all appointments should be made only by a doctor. The disease itself is not dangerous for a child, but the complications it causes always weaken the overall health of the baby and can have serious consequences, especially for boys. For this reason, mumps must be treated with the utmost seriousness and treated based on the symptoms, not letting everything take its course. If the baby shows any signs of deterioration, it is urgent to consult a doctor for special treatment. In some cases, sick children are placed in a hospital.

Child's lifestyle during treatment

A sick baby should be isolated as soon as the first signs of the disease and severe symptoms appear. Infected children must be transferred to a separate room, where they will be treated. In this room, wet cleaning with disinfectants, treatment with a quartz lamp and ventilation should be carried out as often as possible. In addition to a separate room, a sick baby should have personal dishes, towels, bed linen, which should be changed frequently and washed separately from the things of other family members. During the treatment period, the baby should have toys that can be easily disinfected and treated with special means. Diet is important. If the baby is hard and painful to chew, you can transfer it to mashed boiled vegetables, cereals, mashed soups, but you should limit the consumption of meat, it is better to replace it with boiled chicken. Fried, fatty and heavy meals, sour fruits and vegetables should be excluded from the menu. When preparing food, the patient does not need to add spices and all kinds of spices to it. It is important to ensure that the baby drinks more warm liquids during the therapy period, for example, vitamin fruit drinks, compotes, fruit and vegetable juices, and good green tea. To relieve a sore throat, you can sometimes gargle with a solution of ordinary baking soda. It will be possible for the baby to walk on the street only 2 weeks after full recovery.

Disease prevention

Preventive measures depend on the cause of the disease.

• Weakened immune system. Babies rarely get mumps because they receive strong but temporary protection from their mother. To avoid the disease, it is important to constantly strengthen the baby's immunity, not only maintaining the correct balance of vitamins and trace elements in his body, but also carrying out hardening procedures.
• Refusal of preventive vaccinations. Many parents believe that such a disaster will not affect their baby, and therefore it is not necessary to give him routine vaccinations. However, the timely introduction of the vaccine can significantly reduce the risk of possible infection with mumps and the appearance of serious consequences of this disease.
• Violation of sanitary standards in a kindergarten or other educational institution. Unfortunately, this factor is not uncommon. According to the prescription, in the event of the appearance of mumps in a baby attending a kindergarten (school, sports section, special classes), the institution must be closed for temporary quarantine, during which a thorough disinfection is carried out in the premises. But this requirement in most cases is not met, which contributes to the spread of the disease.
• Negligent attitude of parents towards other people's children. It often happens that a baby with an already indicated malaise is sent to a kindergarten (school), without thinking that it will become a source of infection. But there is another side of the problem here. Not every parent considers it necessary to notify the educational institution that mumps has been identified in the baby, taking care only of their child and depriving them of the opportunity to protect other children from the disease.

Thus, several main criteria for preventing not only infection with the virus, but also its spread in the event of a disease, can be distinguished. This is not only an active lifestyle for kids, sports, hardening procedures and the use of various methods to strengthen immunity, but also the timely conduct of scheduled preventive vaccinations.

Features of mumps in boys

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Mumps is an infectious disease that causes inflammation of the salivary glands. When swollen, the glands change the shape of the face, which led to the emergence of an alternative name for the disease "mumps". According to statistics, most often mumps affects the age group of children and adolescents from 5 to 15 years. Occurs with varying degrees of severity. The virus can penetrate the central nervous system, which is accompanied by severe consequences. How to recognize the symptoms in children, how mumps is treated and how the disease is prevented, MedAboutMe tells.

Physicians have been studying mumps for more than 200 years. The knowledge accumulated during this period allows us to describe in detail the symptoms in children, the characteristics of the period of the disease and its consequences.

Infectious parotitis, or mumps, is divided according to the severity of the course into the following options:

• easy. The virus develops only in the salivary glands, accompanied by subfebrile temperature. Children fall ill suddenly, while the condition is satisfactory;
• middle. The causative agent captures tissues and other glands, in addition to the salivary ones. Symptoms in children include fever with small body tremors, headache, "ache", difficulty swallowing, lack of appetite, nausea, vomiting, insomnia;
• heavy. The most dangerous variant of the development of the disease, when not only the tissue of the glands, but also the central nervous system is involved in the inflammatory process.

Epidemic parotitis begins rapidly, with a sharp increase in body temperature. Weakness, pain in the body are added to it. Children experience pain when swallowing, chewing, jaw movements, refuse food.

A characteristic symptom of mumps is swollen salivary glands located behind the ears. The swelling can spread to the neck area, be painful, affect the appearance of the ears - they become "protruding". Cheeks appear enlarged. At the end of the mumps, after 7-8 days, these symptoms disappear without a trace, without having a lasting effect on the appearance of the child.

Hyperthermia, high body temperature in mumps may not be corrected by antipyretics, but always goes away with the symptoms of the disease. If a decrease in temperature does not occur after the child has recovered, this is a sign of the onset of a new pathological process and a reason for urgent medical attention.

The human body, when confronted with the mumps virus, begins to independently produce specific antibodies that can be detected in the blood composition even at the end of the disease period.

If the disease is mild or moderate, treatment is carried out at home. Children with severe symptoms should be hospitalized to the clinic to reduce the likelihood of complications.

There is no specific therapy for a viral disease in this case, but there are general recommendations that are important to follow:

• bed rest throughout the entire period of illness, 8-10 days;
• restriction of the menu in the diet of the child. Mumps can involve glandular tissues throughout the body, including the pancreas, in the inflammatory process. To avoid pancreatitis, nutrition during mumps is based on a dairy-vegetarian diet, with the exception of meat, fish, sweets, pastries. Recommended vegetable soups, vegetables, fruits, milk and dairy products;
• enough liquid. Children with severe parotitis often refuse to eat because the process of chewing and swallowing causes pain. It is all the more important to provide them with plenty of fluids to help the body cope with the effects of the virus. Weak teas are recommended, including herbal teas (lime blossom, chamomile, sage, wild rose), compotes, fruit drinks;
• rinsing the mouth and throat with decoctions of sage and chamomile, as often as the child is able;
• if the temperature has dropped to normal, you can use compresses on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe inflamed gland, vodka, oil or ichthyol ointment, this helps to reduce pain and inflammation;
• antipyretics (paracetamol, ibuprofen and their analogues) are prescribed by a doctor when the temperature reaches critical values ​​\u200b\u200band discomfort of the child;
• antihistamines may be used if the child has allergic reactions or hypersensitivity;
• vegetables and fruits can be supplemented with vitamin preparations to enhance the immune response. But this appointment should be made by a doctor in order to avoid possible negative reactions from the pancreas.

The mumps virus can affect the entire body of a child, causing complications, immediate and long-term consequences. These include diseases such as:

• pancreatitis, an inflammatory disease of the pancreas;
• meningitis, encephalitis - inflammation of the lining and tissues of the brain;
• reduction or complete loss of hearing;
• oophoritis in girls (inflammatory processes in the ovaries);
• orchitis, orchiepididymitis in boys (inflammation of the testicles).

Inflammation in the testicles in boys can lead to pathological processes in the reproductive system and male infertility. According to recent studies, 15 out of 100 boys who have had mumps suffer from infertility due to this disease.

Vaccination against mumps is the only way to protect the body from the effects of the virus. Vaccination is most often carried out as part of a trivaccine (measles-rubella-mumps). In accordance with the national vaccination schedule, children are vaccinated twice: at the age of 1 year and at 6 years of age.

The vaccine is administered against the background of the general somatic health of the child. Contraindications are diseases that reduce immunity, and allergies to chicken protein.

After vaccination, a slight temporary increase in body temperature is possible. If the child is prone to allergic reactions, vaccination is carried out while taking antihistamines.

Mumps is considered a benign childhood disease. However, the complications that may accompany this disease (infertility, deafness, pathologies of the central nervous system and digestive system) can significantly reduce the quality of human life.

Mumps, also called mumps and mumps, is an acute viral disease caused by paramyxovirus. The source of infection in this disease is only a sick person. It becomes contagious even 1-2 days before the first signs of mumps and the first 5 days of illness. The transmission of the virus occurs by airborne droplets, although the household route of infection (through contaminated objects) is not excluded.

People have a very high susceptibility to this infection, children are most often ill, and boys are 1.5 times more likely than girls. Epidemic mumps is characterized by a pronounced seasonality, the peak incidence occurs in March-April. Once transferred, the disease gives lifelong immunity.

mumps symptoms

Mumps (mumps) is an infectious disease that primarily affects the parotid salivary glands.

The incubation period of the disease lasts from 11 to 23 days (usually 15–19 days). Some patients 1-2 days before the onset of typical symptoms of mumps note the appearance of muscle and joint pain, chills, dry mouth. This prodromal period is usually more pronounced in adults.

But most often, epidemic parotitis begins acutely with a sharp increase in body temperature, chills, headache, and weakness. High temperature lasts no more than 1 week. Sometimes the disease proceeds without fever.

The main sign of mumps is inflammation of the parotid salivary glands, sometimes the submandibular and sublingual glands are involved in the process. Swelling appears in their projection, palpation causes pain to the patient. With a strong increase in the parotid salivary gland, the patient's face becomes pear-shaped, the earlobe on the affected side rises. After 1-2 days, the inflammatory process usually captures the gland from the opposite side, but sometimes the lesion is also one-sided.

Patients complain of pain in the parotid region, aggravated at night, sometimes patients experience pain and tinnitus. In severe cases, due to severe pain, the patient cannot chew food. Pain persists for 3-4 days, and after a week it gradually disappears. At about the same time or a little later, swelling in the projection of the salivary glands subsides, but in some cases the swelling can persist for 2 weeks or more, which is more typical for adults.

mumps treatment

Most patients with mumps are treated on an outpatient basis. Hospitalization is necessary for patients who have developed complications, as well as for epidemiological indications. At home, patients are isolated for 9 days. In children's institutions where a case of mumps is registered, quarantine is established for 3 weeks.

There is no effective specific treatment for mumps. The main task of therapy is to prevent the development of complications, as well as alleviate the symptoms of the disease.

Patients are shown bed rest for 10 days. For the prevention of development, it is necessary to comply with a milk-vegetable diet. Overeating should not be allowed, the consumption of white bread, pasta, fats should be limited. At the time of illness, it is better to completely abandon fried, fatty, spicy foods, marinades and pickles. Sometimes it is necessary to pre-grind food in order to reduce pain when chewing. Plentiful warm drink is recommended (fruit drinks, rosehip broth, weak tea).

Patients are prescribed antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs (Paracetamol, Ibuprofen, Nurofen, Panadol), antihistamines (Claritin, Suprastin), multivitamin complexes (Biomax, Complivit).

In severe cases, with severe intoxication of the body, intravenous detoxification therapy is performed (physiological saline, 5% glucose solution). Typically, this treatment is carried out in a hospital.

Complications of mumps

Most often, when a virus that causes mumps enters the blood, glandular organs are affected: the pancreas (acute pancreatitis), testicles in men (orchitis), ovaries in women (oophoritis). The most serious complications of mumps in men are priapism and infertility. With the penetration of the virus into the brain, development is possible. In rare cases, people who have had mumps develop hearing loss or total deafness.

mumps prevention

Thanks to vaccination, parotitis is almost never found today.

Mumps is a so-called controlled infection. Thanks to the ongoing preventive vaccination, which began in the mid-60s, the incidence of mumps has decreased significantly. The vaccine is given to children over the age of one year, often in combination with a rubella and measles vaccine. The vaccine is very effective, almost never gives general and local reactions.
It is possible to carry out emergency vaccination if a case of mumps is detected in the team, but the use of the vaccine in a sick person will not be effective.

In order to avoid infection with mumps, it is necessary to avoid contact with a sick person.

Which doctor to contact

If a child has signs of an acute infection, you need to call a pediatrician at home, and an adult should contact an infectious disease specialist. Often, adults with this disease get an appointment with a dentist or ENT doctor, who should recognize parotitis in time. With the development of complications, an examination by a neurologist (with the development of meningitis), a gastroenterologist (with pancreatitis), a urologist (with the development of orchitis) or a gynecologist (with ovarian damage) is necessary. Consultation with a nutritionist would be helpful.
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