Herpes is a collective name for viral diseases caused by different types of herpes viruses. The herpes virus is polytropic, that is, it can infect almost any organ in the human body. To date, there are 8 known types of herpes that affect humans.

Children are susceptible to herpes just like adults. Most often, infection occurs from parents in the family or already sick children.

This disease comes in several types, however, primary herpes is typical for children. Babies in the first years of life get it extremely rarely, since they have immunity from their mother. They become more susceptible to the virus by the age of 3-4, but by about 5 years, 60% to 80% of them already have antibodies to it.

Types of herpes in children

It is worth distinguishing between herpes simplex viruses type 1. This is the most well-known type of herpes simplex virus, which appears on a child's lip and is characterized by a general malaise, sometimes with a slight fever. Oral ulcers are most common in children aged 1-2 years, but they can appear in people as young as at any age and at any time of the year.

The second type of herpes is genital, which manifests itself in a similar way. During childbirth, if the mother suffers from genital herpes, the baby may become infected as it passes through the birth canal. The manifestations of this type of herpes in children are more complex than in adults. Children may suffer from herpetic sore throat and stomatitis.

Herpes virus type 3 (varicella zoster virus) in children during primary infection causes chickenpox; in the secondary manifestation of the virus, the disease occurs as herpes zoster (shingles).

Herpes type 6 in children causes roseola infantile, a pink maculopapular rash. It mainly affects children under the age of 2 years. First, a fever develops, then the temperature decreases within 3-6 days. After the temperature drops, an exanthema appears on the skin - pink maculopapular rashes 1-3 mm in size, turning pale when pressed (this is one of the distinctive signs; with the same rubella, the rash does not turn pale after pressure). They may disappear within a few hours or may persist for up to several days. The rash is localized mainly on the body, spreading to the neck, face and limbs

Herpetic viruses of types 4, 5, 6 can cause infectious mononucleosis - an acute infectious disease characterized by fever, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes, liver and spleen, lymphocytosis, and the appearance of atypical mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood.

Cytomegalovirus, a member of the herpesvirus type 6 family, is one of the most common viruses. Children usually become infected with cytomegalovirus infection in early childhood, for example, in a nursery or kindergarten. Transmission of cytomegalovirus can only occur through direct contact with an infected person. In addition, children can be infected with the virus during fetal development. The infected environment is blood, urine, saliva and other biological substrates. Typically, cytomegalovirus in healthy children is asymptomatic or accompanied by minor symptoms similar to those of mononucleosis and disappearing after a few days or weeks.

Human herpesvirus type 6 and type 7 during primary infection causes neonatal exanthema in infants. Only a specialist can accurately diagnose a child’s health condition.

Herpes in infants

Herpes in children can be more complex than in adults. Herpes is an insidious infection; herpes in an infant can cause severe damage to the nervous system and internal organs. When the visual organs are damaged, keratitis, phlebothrombosis, chorioretinitis, and iridocyclitis occur. If the ENT organs are affected, sudden deafness, herpetic sore throat and damage to the inner ear may occur. Damage to the cardiovascular system manifests itself in the form of myocarditis, atherosclerosis and myocardiopathy. If the herpes virus penetrates the central nervous system, there is a risk of encephalopathy, meningitis, and nerve plexuses are affected. Herpes can also lead to schizophrenia and depressive disorders. On the part of the reproductive system, reproductive function, urethritis, prostatitis (in men), colpitis, endometritis and chorionitis (in women) are possible.

Herpes symptoms

Symptoms of herpes in children are traditional: there may be fever, fatigue, muscle pain, and irritability. Pain, burning, tingling and itching occur at the site of future infection rashes. The rash is accompanied by subsequent ulceration and the formation of wounds. Children tend to scratch wounds until they bleed, constantly touch them, and tear off the crusts that have formed, which complicates healing and prolongs its duration. At best, simple herpes on a child's lip heals within a few days. Ulcers can also occur in the mouth: on the gums, the front of the tongue, the inside of the cheeks, the throat and the roof of the mouth. The gums may be slightly swollen, red, and may bleed. They may also spread down the chin and neck. The lymph nodes in the neck often become swollen and painful. In children, the herpes virus can affect the mucous membrane of the throat with the formation of small ulcers and a grayish coating on the tonsils. Because the ulcers are painful, it may be difficult to eat or drink. A sick child should not eat solid or hot foods during the period of oral herpes. If the wound is constantly injured, healing may take two weeks or more. Parents need to control this process.

Treatment of herpes in children

To treat herpes infection, antiviral drugs, immunostimulants, and interferons are used. Treatment of infection must begin at the first suspicion of the disease, recovery depends on this, advanced infection becomes chronic or recurrent, and the likelihood of complications increases. Treatment of herpes in children is aimed at minimizing the manifestation of symptoms and suppressing the activity of the virus. For this, antiviral drugs are used - ointments and tablets that relieve itching and pain. It is necessary to take large amounts of fluid, as well as antipyretics when body temperature rises to high levels.

An antiviral drug used for herpes infection is acyclovir. This drug can be used either as an intravenous injection or as tablets. The method of administration of the drug depends on the severity of the disease and its form. The drug is administered intravenously at a dosage of 30-60 mg/kg of the child’s body weight, orally – 90 mg/kg. Taking the drug should be divided into 3-4 parts. This drug can also be used externally in the form of an ointment. It must be applied to the affected areas of the skin and mucous membranes 4-5 times a day.

Immunostimulating drugs help the child’s body fight the virus more effectively and prevent the virus from infecting new areas of the mucous membranes and internal organs. For treatment, you can use immunostimulating drugs such as Immunal, Groprinosin, Arpetol.

Interferons help destroy viruses and prevent them from multiplying uncontrollably. They can be used both in tablet form and in the form of suppositories. Suppositories are inserted into the child’s anus 2 times a day for 5 days, the course is repeated 2-3 times with a break of 5 days.

If the disease recurs quite often, you need to contact an immunologist who will give qualified advice that can significantly increase the immunity of a weakened child. Among other things, treatment of herpes in children should be supervised by a doctor, since only a specialist can calculate the correct dosage that is safe for the child’s body.

The herpes virus, once in a child’s body, remains there for life, periodically exacerbating, causing temporary discomfort. The main task of parents is to help the child, strictly following the instructions of the pediatrician. When solving an existing problem, special attention is paid to maintaining hygiene and providing the baby with individual means, such as a towel, soap, and a washcloth. The child should wash his hands more often. If there is herpes in the mouth, the child should not be allowed to injure herpes sores.

Prevention of herpes in children

To prevent herpes, you must follow the rules of personal hygiene and not use other people’s personal belongings, and avoid close contact with people with herpes. To strengthen the child’s immune system, proper nutrition, vitamin therapy in the autumn-spring period, and the use of immunostimulating drugs in preventive doses in the winter are necessary. Preventive use of antiviral ointments during an influenza epidemic by putting it in the nose 1-2 times a day.

This disease is characterized by very unpleasant sensations and pain.

The child’s condition deteriorates significantly and if treatment is not started in time, serious complications.

We will talk about the symptoms and treatment of herpes on the body of a child in the article.

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General information

Herpes on a child’s body - photo:

Herpes is a disease viral origin. Characterized by blistering rashes on the body and increased temperature.

As soon as the virus enters the child’s body, it begins to actively influence. The baby experiences weakness, itching and burning of the skin.

In most cases, herpes affects children with weak immune systems, who often catch colds.

Infection of a child occurs through airborne droplets and contact. Often the baby becomes infected through household items. The rash can occur on any part of the body. Bubbles can be in both small and large quantities.

On what parts of the body can it occur?

Herpes can occur anywhere, but most often appears in the following places:

Infants are often affected chest, neck. The rashes can reach large sizes.

What is it caused by?

Herpes on the body is caused by the Varicella Zoster virus. It enters the body contact and airborne droplets. The source of infection is a sick person.

Often the virus enters the child’s body through household items: dishes, toys, towels.

Causes and risk factors

The causes of the disease include:

Risk factors include poor nutrition, lack of nutrients, and colds. Experts include children with weakened immune systems, as well as those children who suffer from allergies.

Symptoms and signs

It is not difficult to identify this disease, as it has pronounced symptoms:

• skin tingling, itching. Discomfort appears, the child may scratch the skin incessantly;
• small bubbles on the body. The rashes form gradually, become bright, and liquid appears inside;
• temperature increase. The child has a fever, which can only be relieved with the help of medications;
• weakness, lethargy. The baby gets tired quickly and becomes inactive. He has no energy for games;
• loss of appetite. The child does not feel hungry and refuses to eat.

Types and forms

In children, experts distinguish two types of herpes:

1. Simple. Blistering rashes occur in the groin area, in the mucous membranes, on the stomach, and back. The temperature rises slightly. The bubbles burst over time and the liquid comes out. The wounds are healing.
2. girdling. Distributed throughout the body. The rashes do not look like blisters, but like red spots. Characterized by high fever, the disease lasts quite a long time. The affected areas swell, become rough, and become crusty.

The disease in children occurs in two forms:

1. Primary. The infection occurred recently, the disease appeared for the first time. The patient's condition is serious: high fever, rashes all over the body, weakness.
2. Recurrent. The disease manifests itself repeatedly and is more easily tolerated. The temperature rises slightly, the rashes are almost unnoticeable and disappear quickly. The body resists the virus.

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Possible complications and consequences

If the child is not treated in time, serious complications may occur:

• meningitis. It occurs quite often among complications and causes a serious condition for the patient;
• defeat nervous system. The child becomes nervous and restless;
• otitis. Herpes can cause otitis media, hearing problems;
• disruption digestive organs. Digestive tract diseases may appear.

With timely treatment of the baby, negative consequences can be avoided.

Diagnostics

On one's own the disease cannot be determined.

To establish a diagnosis, the doctor uses the following diagnostic methods:

1. Inspection patient. The doctor carefully examines the rash.
2. Blood test. Allows you to determine the presence of a virus.
3. Smear affected surface. It is studied by specialists in the laboratory. Helps confirm or deny the presence of a virus.

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Treatment

How to treat herpes on the body in children? You can cure a child with the help of medications, injections and folk remedies.

Preparations, ointments and creams

First of all, patients are prescribed drugs that fight the virus, eliminate the symptoms of the disease and increase immunity:

• Acyclovir;
• Famciclovir;
• Valtrex.

These medications are made in tablet form. They are taken for the first five days, one tablet 2-3 times a day, washed down with water.

One tablet is enough to eliminate the fever. You should not give your baby more than three tablets per day.

To relieve itching, experts prescribe Suprastin. It is taken in the first 3-5 days, one tablet in the morning and evening. The medicine relieves swelling, itching, and speeds up the healing process.

Among the ointments, the most prominent are effective:

• Bonafton;
• Bepanten;
• Panavir.

Ointments lead to recovery; they are applied to the affected areas 2-3 times a day.

Effective in the fight against herpes are cream:

• Panthenol;
• Zovirax;
• Elokom.

They are applied to painful areas at least twice a day, lightly rubbing.

The creams act carefully, do not injure the baby’s delicate skin, and relieve the symptoms of the disease.

Injections

Prescribed by doctors after examining the patient, if necessary.

Particularly effective are injections of Larifan, Imunofan, Viferon.

The dosage is determined by the doctor based on the child’s weight, age and condition.

The choice of medicine is also made by a specialist. Injections can significantly increase human immunity, help the body fight the virus.

Typically, several injections are performed at intervals of 8-10 days. The exact schedule for administering the medicine is drawn up by the doctor individually.

Are antibiotics needed?

Antibiotics are not needed to treat herpes because they cannot eliminate the virus and are powerless. There is no need to take them, they can lead to negative consequences.

Will folk remedies help and which ones?

Folk remedies cannot fight the virus, but they can alleviate the patient’s condition by eliminating the symptoms of the disease.

How to dress a child?

With this disease, the child must be dressed in natural fabrics. Clothes should be pleasant to the touch and not cause irritation.

Artificial, synthetic materials can lead to complications.

Clothes should not be too tight. It should not hinder movement, squeeze, rub the skin.

Prevention

Parents need to remember about preventive measures:

Herpes on the body can lead to negative consequences if left untreated.

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We kindly ask you not to self-medicate. Make an appointment with a doctor!

Questions of symptoms, methods of treating herpes in children and its consequences are of interest to many parents. It is especially important to know how this very dangerous disease manifests itself in young children who cannot yet speak.

Most of the population of our planet are carriers of the herpes virus. It penetrates the body in a variety of ways. The disease can begin immediately or after some time, when the child is especially weakened due to illness, fatigue or nervous strain.

Infection can be prevented by knowing how to protect children from herpes from the time they are born until they reach puberty, when their immune system has stabilized.

Causes of the disease

Dr. Komarovsky in his programs very popularly and reasonably described the preconditions that contribute to the occurrence of herpes in a child. The source of infection is a carrier of the virus or a person whose disease is in the acute stage.

Routes of transmission of infection can be:

Herpes in the blood of a newborn can remain dormant for a long time. The first months of his life he is protected by immunity, which he inherited from his mother.

The virus can survive on household items for several days while remaining active. Treatment of herpes in children should begin when the first signs of this disease are detected. It can manifest itself in different ways, depending on the type of virus.

Characteristic symptoms

Herpesvirus infection in children most often occurs at the age of 3–5 years. At this time, children begin to move independently. They actively explore the world not only visually, but also through touch, tasting all objects. Children begin to attend kindergarten and communicate with peers. As they grow older, they stop putting all sorts of objects into their mouths, which significantly reduces the risk of infection.

When an infection enters the body, the incubation period can last from one day to a month.

It spreads throughout the body and lingers in the nervous system, becoming more active at the slightest disruption in the functioning of the immune system. Each type of disease has its own characteristics. But there are signs that are common to all types of the disease.

The following symptoms of herpes in children are observed at the onset of the disease:

• increase in body temperature to 38–39ºС;
• weakness, lethargy and irritability;
• aches in the joints of the arms and legs;
• excruciating headache;
• lack of appetite;
• rashes of various types.

The manifestation of the disease is individual in each child. This factor is determined by age, level of development and the presence of concomitant infectious diseases. The main sign that children have developed viral herpes is single or multiple rashes.

What are the types of herpes?

A child may have one of eight types of virus in his blood, into which herpes is divided. This broad classification is justified by the clinical picture, which is characteristic of different types of the disease.

HSV types 1 and 2

The photo shows the first type of virus, which is the most common. Almost every child who reaches adulthood is affected by it. The disease is provoked by complications in the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, nervous and reproductive systems.

When a child develops herpes type 1, the following symptoms are observed:

• temperature rise to 39ºС;
• the appearance of many small ulcers in the mouth;
• rashes on the lips, nose and chin.

The disease begins with unpleasant sensations at the site of future rashes. Over time, bubbles form and spread to adjacent areas when damaged.

Herpes type 2. As a rule, medicine associates it with damage to the genital organs. In most cases, the disease occurs in adolescents who began early sexual activity. The disease can also occur in newborns due to infection from the mother during pregnancy or childbirth.

This type of illness can manifest itself with the following symptoms:

• rashes on the genitals, spreading to their entire outer part;
• changes in the skin resembling diaper rash;
• general malaise and weakness;
• rashes in the nasopharynx and tonsils if herpetic sore throat is provoked;
• chills and fever.

Genital infections are particularly difficult. The virus causes extensive rashes throughout the body, disturbances in the digestive system and brain activity.

Other types of virus

Consequences of herpes in children

It is not the pathogenic HSV that poses a health hazard, but the complications that arise if a child’s herpes is not treated. Newborns whose bodies are not prepared to deal with a serious illness are at greatest risk. The lack of qualified and prompt medical care can result in disability and death for children.

The consequences of having herpes can be the following diseases:

• cerebral palsy;
• meningitis;
• eye damage (iridocyclitis, episcleritis, keratoconjunctivitis, corneal erosion, uveitis, chorioretinitis) or blindness;
• epilepsy;
• Down syndrome;
• chronic liver and kidney diseases.

To avoid this, it is necessary to treat herpes in children immediately after the first signs of its manifestation appear. This will allow the disease to be stopped at an early stage.

Diagnostics

Since the child’s body is in the formative stage, his immune system is not able to resist a dangerous infection. In order to accurately and correctly determine how to treat herpes, a thorough diagnosis is carried out.

Examination of a sick child includes the following methods:

1. Examination by a pediatrician. During this procedure, the doctor takes the patient’s general vital signs, assesses his condition and external manifestations of the disease.
2. A biochemical blood test is performed, urine and feces are examined. If oncology is suspected, histological examination of tissue samples is carried out.
3. Virological culture. Scrapings are taken from the rash to determine the virus antigen. The material for the study is blood, skin and fluid from the blisters.
4. Carrying out ultrasound diagnostics and magnetic resonance imaging to determine the extent of damage to the brain and internal organs.
5. Consultation with relevant specialists. This helps to identify the cause that provoked the weakening of the immune system.

After the research, the attending physician makes a final diagnosis and gives recommendations on how to treat the child.

General rules for treating a child for HSV

Herpes is a type of virus that no drugs can destroy. After entering the body, the virus penetrates nerve cells and remains there until the end of a person’s life. Its activation occurs whenever the child’s body reaches a weakened state.

At the first signs of the disease, the following measures must be taken:

1. Isolate the child from others. This is necessary in order to prevent their infection and protect the patient from infection with other diseases.
2. Provide the child with bed rest. Do not allow him to go outside or walk freely around the apartment.
3. Keep the room clean. Wash and dust floors regularly. Ventilate the room at least twice a day.
4. Ensure that the patient drinks as much fluid as possible. You can give him juice, tea, fruit drink and compote.
5. Provide regular and nutritious meals. Food should be rich in proteins, vitamins and carbohydrates.

If the baby has a high temperature, then you need to put a wet bandage on the forehead and wipe the limbs with a weak solution of vinegar.

Parents should not make diagnoses or choose medications on their own. The decision on how to cure herpes is the exclusive prerogative of the attending physician.

Drug therapy

Viral infection is treated exclusively with a conservative method. Surgical intervention is used only in the most difficult cases, when the patient has developed complications in the form of necrosis, pathological edema and suppuration. As a rule, the fight against herpes is carried out comprehensively, using all available and safe drugs for the patient.

To get rid of the disease and its symptoms, the child is prescribed:

• antihistamines - to reduce itching and prevent an allergic reaction to medications (Suprastin, Zyrtec);
• antiherpetic ointments - to prevent cracking of damaged areas of the skin and mucous membranes, to prevent the rash from spreading to other parts of the body (Acyclovir,);
• antipyretic drugs - to prevent critical overheating of the patient and improve his well-being so that he is able to eat, drink and move independently (Nurofen, Paracetamol);
• broad-spectrum and targeted antibiotics - in the event of the development of a concomitant bacterial infection;
• - to strengthen the immune system and restore internal organs after exposure to viruses and antibiotics.

Treatment is carried out using injections, tablets and ointments. All medications are purchased only as prescribed by a doctor. Treatment adjustments are made every 2–3 days.

After the exacerbation period ends, the patient may be prescribed a course of physiotherapy.

Treatment with folk remedies

are not used as independent methods of treatment. They can only be used in combination with pharmacological drugs and physiotherapy. Traditional medicine recipes are good because they strengthen the immune system, relieve irritation and inflammation.

The following procedures are safe for a child:

• lotions on the affected area from celandine juice;
• ingestion of lemon balm decoction;
• compress of grated apples, potatoes and garlic;
• applying plantain leaves to the rash;
• rubbing the skin with the juice of wormwood, lemon or milkweed;
• treating damaged areas with alcohol tincture of propolis;
• applying a cloth soaked in a solution of calendula tincture and sea salt.

When using folk remedies, you need to carefully look at the body's reaction. At the slightest sign of a negative perception of the medicine, the procedure should be stopped immediately.

Preventive measures

Prevention of herpes in children should be aimed at strengthening the immune system and the comprehensive development of the child, both physically and morally. To do this, it is necessary to provide the child with normal nutrition containing sufficient amounts of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins.

To prevent your baby from overheating or hypothermia, you need to choose a wardrobe for any weather.

Due attention should be paid to physical development and hardening of the body. At the same time, we should not forget that the child should not get too tired and get proper rest.

All identified infectious diseases must be treated until complete recovery. If herpes is detected in children, treatment should begin immediately.

Increasingly, doctors are registering various forms of herpetic infections in children. These diseases have a chronic course, which requires mandatory monitoring by parents and doctors. Not everyone knows what the symptoms and treatment of herpes in children are.

Types of virus

Currently, scientists have discovered 8 types of viral herpes species. These harmful microorganisms very easily cause herpes infection in young children. The structure of only three of the eight subtypes has been well studied. They are the most thoroughly described and studied. These infectious agents most often cause colds on the lips and in the intimate area in children.

Literally translated, herpetic lesion means “creeping disease.” Doctors gave this name to the disease several centuries ago. The peculiarity of this virus is that the favorite places for its occurrence are various mucous membranes. Microbes have a toxic effect on epithelial cells, which leads to the appearance of various adverse symptoms.

In pediatric practice, the most common are 8 subtypes of viruses that cause various damage to the baby:

• Type 1. More often they contribute to the development of various rashes on the mucous membranes of the lips in the child.
• Type 2. Causes a rash on the mucous membranes of the genital organs.
• Type 3. It belongs to a subspecies of the virus that can cause chickenpox or shingles in a baby.
• Type 4. Doctors call it the Epstein-Barr herpes virus. These microorganisms can cause manifestations of infectious mononucleosis in a baby.
• Type 5. It is responsible for the development of cytomegalovirus infection.
• Type 6. A fairly new subspecies of the virus. Scientists conduct a large number of different studies to study in detail the infectious and virulent properties of this microorganism. This type of herpes can cause manifestations of multiple sclerosis or the development of sudden exanthema.
• Type 7. Not described in detail. Currently, researchers are studying the properties of this microorganism. There is scientific evidence that this particular subtype is responsible for the development of sudden skin rashes in a baby and leads to the development of chronic fatigue.
• Type 8. A rather unfavorable subtype of the virus. May contribute to the development of malignant neoplasms on the skin. There are scientific studies suggesting that this particular virus contributes to the development of Kaposi's sarcoma.

Incubation period

Most viral diseases are highly contagious (infectious). Herpes is no exception. A sick person who has a high concentration of viruses in the blood is contagious. Based on statistics, it can be noted that the largest number of cases of the disease are caused by a subtype of herpes simplex. It contributes to the development of adverse symptoms of herpes infection in 90% of children.

For a long time, a child may not even suspect that he is already infected with herpes. In this case, the infection occurs in a latent form. With this variant of the disease there are no symptoms. The latent form occurs in approximately 5% of children.

Typically, infection with the herpes virus occurs through initial contact with an infected person. The incubation period for different subtypes of the virus may vary. The first symptoms of the disease can appear either a couple of days after the pathogen enters the child’s body or several months later.

The duration of the incubation period depends on many factors and initial data. The level of the immune system plays an important role in this. If the baby’s immunity is strong, then the symptoms of the disease may be mild (or absent altogether) for a long period of time. They usually appear only when the immune system is not functioning well.

The incubation period for herpes type 1 usually ranges from a few days to a couple of weeks. In this case, the first rashes appear on the mucous membranes of the lips and in the mouth. Genital herpes, which causes a rash in the intimate area, usually causes uncomfortable symptoms after 6-7 days. Zoster variants of the disease have a longer incubation period. In some cases it can be several months (or even years).

Main symptoms

Different subtypes of viruses can settle on different mucous membranes. This results in a wide variety of localizations. Each type of herpes has its own clinical characteristics. This is due to the properties of the viral particles themselves. The infection manifests itself in children in different ways.

Herpes can cause the following clinical manifestations in a child:

• Increased body temperature. Usually it increases to febrile levels. The peak of elevated temperature occurs in the first 3-4 days from the beginning of the acute period of the disease. The temperature usually drops quickly. For normalization, the prescription of anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs is required.
• Appearance of a rash. It is represented by a collection of numerous formations, inside of which there is liquid. These rashes look like bubbles filled with contents. The location of the rash is determined by the type of virus that caused the disease.
• Enlarged lymph nodes. Regional lymph collectors are usually affected. If the virus causes a rash on the upper half of the body, then the cervical, parotid, submandibular and subclavian lymph nodes will be involved in the process. They increase in size and become tightly fused to the skin. When palpating them, the child may experience pain.

• Severe symptoms of intoxication. The abundance of viral toxins has a toxic effect on the entire body. The child feels “broken” and becomes very lethargic. Children's appetite and sleep are disturbed. Infants often refuse breastfeeding.
• Behavior change. Kids become more capricious. Children in the first years of life do not make contact well. More severe forms of the disease lead to increased drowsiness. Unbearable itching of skin rashes contributes to increased anxiety and nervousness in the baby.
• Soreness in the areas of herpetic blisters. Herpes rashes are usually very itchy. With the shingles variant, the pain spreads along the damaged nerve. After the rash disappears, the pain goes away.

In the mouth

Most often, this variant is caused by the herpes virus type 1. The child experiences all the symptoms described above. Herpetic rash has several features. With the herpes simplex virus, it can occur on the tonsils, cheek, and tongue. The rash is represented by various diverse blisters, inside of which there is liquid.

The liquid component usually has a grayish or reddish color. Herpetic blisters protrude a couple of millimeters above the surface of the skin. In severe cases, they can be numerous and quite large in size. Such rashes on the tonsils present a certain difficulty. They can easily break through and become injured during meals.

This type of herpes is also characterized by an increase in the parotid and cervical lymph nodes. In some cases, they even become visible to the naked eye. The baby's body temperature rises to 38-38.5 degrees. The abundance of rashes leads to severe pain when swallowing. This contributes to poor appetite.

Rash on lips

They most often occur when infected with a simple virus. Typically, the development of this herpetic rash is promoted by subtype 1. The disease is characterized by the appearance of numerous blisters filled from the inside with serous-bloody fluid. These formations are easily injured. Even minor trauma can cause capillary bleeding.

The danger also lies in the fact that when such bubbles are damaged, open wounds appear. A secondary bacterial infection can easily penetrate into them. This leads to the development of viral-bacterial conditions. You can notice such changes at home. When bacteria enter, the bubbles begin to fester.

The red border of the lips is the most favorite location for herpes simplex viruses. Rashes do not appear immediately. First, the damaged area begins to itch very much. After a couple of hours or by the end of the first day after the onset of severe itching, blisters begin to appear. When they appear, the itching increases several times.

Usually the blisters remain on the skin for 6-12 days. After an acute period of illness, they completely disappear from the skin. In their place, a dry crust appears, which after some time disappears on its own. In some cases, moderate itching and redness of the damaged areas of the skin persist.

Herpetic rashes on the face

This localization is not the most common. Typically, this form of herpetic infection occurs in weakened and frequently ill children, as well as children with various forms of immunodeficiency conditions. With this variant of the disease, red itchy blisters appear on the nose, chin, forehead, and eyelid. Severe forms of the disease are accompanied by the appearance of herpetic rashes on almost the entire surface of the facial skin.

Each subtype of herpes has its own favorite localizations and some features of the development of unfavorable symptoms. Thus, with herpes virus type 1, blisters appear mainly in the area of ​​the nasolabial triangle. With the shingles variant, the rashes cover not only the face, they occur throughout the body. Chickenpox is characterized by a gradual appearance of the rash. In some cases, it also appears on the head, in the hair area.

After the blisters disappear, crusts remain on the skin. They usually differ in color from the surrounding skin. The crusts are reddish or red-brown in color. After a couple of days, they completely disappear, and the skin becomes pale pink and clean again. Itching usually disappears after 5-6 days from the moment the first rash appears on the face.

What does the encircling option look like?

The development of this disease is caused by type 3 herpes virus. This viral subtype is quite virulent. The risk of infection is quite high. Typically, children who attend kindergarten and preschool institutions are more likely to become infected with shingles. The herpes virus can remain in the environment for quite a long time. Only prolonged exposure to high temperatures and ultraviolet radiation lead to its destruction.

Most often, doctors note the disease as a form of zoster infection in children who have recently had chickenpox. This is largely due to the peculiarities of the immune system. A weakened immune system cannot cope with the attack of pathogenic viruses. Frequently ill children and children with immunodeficiencies are also at increased risk.

Once entering a child’s body, viruses can remain in a “dormant” state for quite a long time. Usually, through the bloodstream, they enter the nerve ganglia, where they can maintain their viability for a long time without losing their virulent properties. Under unfavorable conditions, they begin to actively multiply and cause the baby to develop classic symptoms of a herpetic infection.

In the shingles form, herpetic blisters appear on almost the entire body. Their location depends on the affected nerve. They can be located on the leg, arm, back, or front surface of the chest. The rarest localization for the shingles form is on the palms and soles. In such cases, painful blisters mainly appear on the skin of the fingers.

The development of rashes goes through several successive stages. Severe redness appears first. After a couple of hours, moderate itching appears, which becomes unbearable over time. The next stage is the appearance of bubbles. They contain serous fluid inside. Herpetic blisters remain on the skin for three to four weeks.

Then they disappear, and ulcers form in their place. If at this time the secondary bacterial flora does not reach the damaged areas, they will heal and crusts will form. The crusts may last for a week. The itching noticeably decreases at this time. After another week, the crusts begin to fall off on their own.

After an illness, only patches of depigmented skin may remain on the skin. This is a temporary phenomenon. Usually, over time, this symptom completely disappears. Subsequently, the child’s skin becomes clean, without traces of a previous herpetic infection.

Skin rashes also accompany other symptoms. These include an increase in temperature to febrile levels, soreness and enlargement of the cervical and axillary lymph nodes, increasing headache and severe weakness. They usually persist throughout the entire acute period of the disease. To eliminate them, the prescription of anti-inflammatory drugs and plenty of warm drinks is required.

Doctors usually note that the severity of the disease depends on the patient’s age. The younger the child, the easier he tolerates this form of herpetic infection. In adulthood, the disease is quite difficult to tolerate. Some patients with severe herpes zoster are even hospitalized. They are indicated for intensive treatment.

In the intimate area

Damage to the genital organs by herpes infection is a fairly common pathology encountered in pediatric medical practice. This disease is caused by the herpes virus type 2. It is distinguished by its peculiarity of affecting the mucous membranes of the genital organs. The severity of the disease depends on the age of the child, the presence of concomitant chronic diseases, as well as the state of his immunity.

This variant of herpes infection is usually transmitted sexually. However, there are some peculiarities in the transmission of the disease in children. They can also become infected during fetal development - transcervically. In this case, viruses enter the blood along with amniotic fluid. The transplacental method promotes the transmission of microorganisms through the blood vessels of the placenta.

Scientists also note a variant of infection through the fallopian tubes - transovarian. A fairly common method of infection is during childbirth. Even minor damage allows viruses to easily enter the child’s body. This option is also called contact. Doctors note that children usually become very easily infected with herpes infection during birth.

The most significant susceptibility to infection with type 2 herpes viruses is in children aged six months to three years. The immune system of children at this age is not yet fully functioning. This contributes to the fact that the child’s body cannot cope with the destruction of viruses on its own. Typically, after initial contact, clinical symptoms appear in only 10% of cases. For others, the infection remains latent.

Most cases of herpes virus type 2 infection occur in adolescence. The variant of infection in this case is sexual or household contact. After 5-7 days, the first adverse symptoms of the disease appear in children. They can persist for several weeks. The subsidence of the acute period of the disease does not indicate complete recovery. Very often the course is chronic.

The classic symptom of “genital” herpes is numerous blisters. They are located on the external genitalia. These skin elements are quite itchy. In some cases, the itching can be unbearable. The time of day doesn't matter. Itching can bother a child both during the day and at night.

After the blisters disappear, erosions and wounds remain on the skin. Epithelialization will take some time. Usually it takes 5-6 days. Then the mucous membrane is completely restored and heals. There are no traces of the disease left behind.

The child's general well-being is quite disturbed. The baby feels bad and becomes increasingly nervous. Small children are more often capricious; babies may often ask to be held. Body temperature usually increases to 38-39 degrees. Against the background of a febrile condition, the child may develop chills and fever.

Symptoms of intoxication are also significantly pronounced. With these forms of the disease, headaches, sleep and appetite disturbances, as well as fatigue often occur. It is important to note that this subtype of the virus contributes to the development of relapses. Any condition that leads to a decrease in immunity leads to the appearance of new skin rashes in the child. Such relapses can occur even several years after the first exacerbation.

Mild forms of genital herpes occur in 90-95% of children. In other cases, the disease is severe. This condition requires emergency hospitalization of the child in a hospital. There, the baby will receive the entire necessary range of antiviral and anti-inflammatory treatment.

Genital disease in a newborn and one-year-old child

Every day, doctors began to note an increasing number of cases of infection with this particular form of herpes infection. Babies are mainly infected during childbirth. Pregnancy pathologies also contribute to the development of intrauterine infection of the unborn fetus. Violation of the integrity of the placenta and feeding blood vessels leads to easier penetration of viruses into the baby.

Children under the age of 1 year suffer from herpes quite seriously. However, there are also exceptions. The severity of the disease depends on the state of the baby’s immunity, his weight at birth, as well as the presence of concomitant chronic diseases. If a child becomes infected with the virus during childbirth, the first symptoms usually appear within 10-14 days.

Doctors identify several options for the course of infection in babies in the first months of life:

• Localized. Usually occurs in every 2-4 children who become infected with genital herpes during childbirth. Herpetic rashes appear on the skin, mucous membranes of the oral cavity, and also in the eye area. Usually they are single; other variants occur only in severe cases of the disease. The most dangerous localization is the eye area, as dangerous complications may arise in the form of atrophy of the optic nerve and the development of decreased vision.
• Generalized. Usually occurs in 25-40% of cases. The first symptoms appear in the baby within 5-7 days from the moment the viruses enter the blood. It is characterized by a rather severe course. Herpetic rashes cover almost the entire surface of the skin.
• Penetration into the brain. They are registered in approximately 30% of newborns infected with herpes virus type 2. The first clinical signs appear 2-3 weeks after the microorganisms enter the child’s body. The course of the disease is unfavorable: symptoms increase rapidly - over a short period of time. The danger of the condition is that it can be fatal.

Treatment

Today, therapy for herpes infections is diverse. It includes a large number of different drugs and medications. Unfortunately, it is not possible to completely cure herpes in some cases. Some forms of the disease (for example, chickenpox) go away on their own. After suffering from chickenpox, the baby develops stable lifelong immunity.

All treatment of herpetic infections can be divided into several sections:

• Use of antiviral therapy. Medicines can be prescribed in the form of tablets, injections and ointments. For mild forms of the disease, topical drugs are predominantly used. To eliminate severe symptoms, the prescription of tablets is required. Among the most commonly used drugs are Acyclovir, Zovirax, Valtrex, Vectavir, Famvir and others.
• Restoring the immune system. Immunotherapy is carried out mainly during remission. The use of interferon drugs and immunoglobulins helps strengthen the immune system. Medicines are prescribed as a course of treatment. The regimen is selected by a pediatrician or immunologist, taking into account the child’s age and the characteristics of his medical history, as well as the presence of concomitant chronic diseases.


• A nutritious diet with a fairly high calorie content. Prolonged development of the disease leads to physical exhaustion of the baby. To compensate for this condition, more intensive nutrition is required. If a child has herpetic rashes in the mouth, then you should choose dishes with a thinner and softer consistency. After the inflammatory process in the oral cavity subsides, the baby’s menu can be expanded.
• Taking multivitamin complexes. To cope with the consequences of viral intoxication, additional enrichment of the diet with vitamins and beneficial microelements is required. Multivitamin complexes enriched with antioxidants help the immune system function well. Selenium, vitamin C and retinol will be excellent helpers in the fight against a dangerous viral infection.
• Warm, plenty of drink. Helps eliminate all toxic products from the body. Various fruit drinks and compotes made from berries and fruits are perfect as drinks. Drinks that are too sweet should not be given to your baby. It is better to dilute them with boiled water first. During the day, a sick baby should drink 1.5 liters of liquid.
• If a child develops chickenpox, it is very important to observe quarantine. The baby should remain at home throughout the acute period of the disease. This will help prevent mass outbreaks of the disease in educational institutions. After normalization of health, the child can continue attending kindergarten.
• Strengthening the immune system is an important component of treating herpes infection. Regular hardening, proper nutrition, optimal physical activity, as well as proper rest and sleep contribute to the good functioning of the immune system. Any overload leads to physical and mental exhaustion of the baby, which contributes to the development of immunodeficiency.

To eliminate the adverse symptoms of herpes, the following are used:

• Lotions made from lemon balm or mint. These products do an excellent job of eliminating itching and redness of damaged skin areas. To prepare the infusion, take 1 tablespoon of the raw material and pour a glass of boiling water over it, leave for about an hour. After this, cool the solution to a comfortable temperature. Lotions with lemon balm infusion can be used up to 3-6 times a day until the rash disappears completely.
• Propolis. This beekeeping product has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect and helps eliminate itching, as well as any redness. You can use propolis to treat herpetic blisters several times a day. This product is prohibited for use in children who are allergic to honey.
• Eucalyptus oil. It helps eliminate redness and itching in the affected areas. Eucalyptus oil has excellent antiseptic properties. Applying this product to herpetic rashes will help prevent the entry of pathogenic bacteria and the development of suppuration.
• Calendula decoction. This product is most often used in the form of lotions. To prepare, just take 1-1.5 tablespoons of crushed calendula flowers and pour 200 ml of boiling water. You need to insist for 40-50 minutes. Lotions with calendula are applied to damaged areas 3-4 times a day.
• Sea buckthorn oil. Promotes rapid healing of inflamed skin areas. You can treat rashes several times a day. Sea buckthorn oil is well applied to wound surfaces that form after rupture of herpetic vesicles. This simple and affordable remedy helps to effectively cope with redness and reduces the severity of skin itching.










You can learn more about herpes in the following video.

Herpes is a general term for viral diseases caused by the herpes virus. This virus also causes herpes in children. The herpes virus can affect almost all organs in the human body. There are currently 8 known types of this virus.

There are several types of the virus, but type 1 herpes is more common in children.

Children are just as susceptible to the virus as adults. Herpes infection is transmitted mainly from parents or after contact with an already sick child. Herpes in children is not easy. There are several types of this disease, but type 1 herpes is more common in children. Infants are less susceptible to the disease because they have immunity from their mother. By the age of 3-4 years, children become infected, and by the age of 5-6 years, 60-80% have developed immunity.

Types of herpes in children

Type 1 virus is different from the others. This type is the most common among the herpes simplex viruses. It is herpes on the child’s body that causes general malaise and fever. Most often, children 1-2 years old experience mouth ulcers; they can appear in anyone at any time.

Genital herpes in children is a type 2 virus, it has symptoms similar to type 1, but in children it is more complicated. If a pregnant woman is infected with genital herpes, the child becomes infected during childbirth. Such children may suffer from stomatitis, herpetic sore throat, and eye diseases.

Herpes type 6 causes roseola rosea: in children, a pink, spotted rash similar to pimples appears on the body.

When a child is infected for the first time, type 3 herpes virus causes the development of chickenpox. Symptoms of chickenpox begin with general malaise, fever, abdominal pain, and headache. Herpes then appears on the body as a red rash. With a repeated outbreak of the virus, the disease occurs as shingles or herpes. Herpes on the body causes weakness, itching and burning in the red area. Herpetic infection appears in the locations of the nerve trunks.

Herpes virus types 4, 5, 6 causes infectious mononucleosis - an acute infectious disease, manifested by symptoms of fever, enlarged lymph nodes, inflammation of the tonsils, lymphocytosis and some changes in blood cells.

Children can become infected with cytomegalovirus in a kindergarten or nursery. Infection with cytomegalovirus occurs only through contact with an infected person. Children can become infected in the womb. The virus is transmitted through saliva, urine, blood and other body fluids. Cytomegalovirus infection in children is asymptomatic, sometimes manifesting itself with barely noticeable symptoms similar to mononucleosis, which disappear after some time.

Herpes 6 also causes the disease roseola rosea: in children, a pink, spotted rash similar to pimples appears on the body. Children under 2 years of age are prone to this disease. Signs include spots on the body, runny nose, cough and high fever. The fever goes away within a few days. As soon as the temperature drops, the skin becomes covered with a rash with elements measuring 1-3 mm; when pressed, the pimples turn white - it is this feature that distinguishes this disease from rubella. The rash may go away quickly or may last for several days. Mostly, acne appears on the torso and gradually spreads to the neck, face, arms and legs.

Infection of infants with herpes virus types 6 and 7 provokes exanthema in the newborn.

Only a doctor can make a correct diagnosis and assess the child’s condition.

Herpes in infants

Herpes infection in children is more difficult. The herpes virus in a child is unusually dangerous. Infants infected with the herpes virus may develop internal herpes, which means damage to internal organs and the nervous system. If an infection gets into the mucous membrane of the eye, it can cause keratitis, etc. Now doctors can diagnose neonatal herpes at earlier stages than in past years. However, until a diagnosis is made, the virus is already causing irreversible harm to the newborn.

If the mother, father or any other sexual partner of the mother is infected with the herpes virus, this must be reported to the pediatrician, since this fact is important for determining the causes of the child’s illness.

Doctors can now diagnose neonatal herpes earlier than in past years.

The neonatal type of herpes is possible in a child even if both parents have never had herpes of any type.

Symptoms of herpes in children

Common signs of herpes in children:

• fever;
• brokenness;
• muscle pain;
• nervousness;
• tearfulness.

At the site of future rashes, the patient feels:

• pain;
• burning;
• itching and tingling of the skin.

Following the rash, ulcers appear. If herpes appears on the hands, the baby continuously scratches the sores, this aggravates the healing process of the wound and delays recovery. Herpes on the hands is usually associated with hypothermia or injury.

In addition, herpes on the hands can appear due to touching, for example, the affected lips. With a mild infection, herpes on the lips of children will heal in a few days.

Ulcers can also appear on the tongue, on the inside of the cheeks, gums, and palate. At the same time, the gums look inflamed and swollen. The rash may spread to the chin and then move to the neck. Lymph nodes become enlarged and painful. Due to the fact that the herpes virus appears on the mucous membrane of the throat, the child feels pain and discomfort when swallowing, at which time the child may refuse to eat.

If symptoms are present, you must follow a diet. Do not feed your child hard foods to avoid scratching the wounds, otherwise recovery may take weeks. Parents should exercise vigilant supervision.

Children's herpes: treatment

In the treatment of herpes virus in children, antiviral drugs are used, these can be interferons and other immune-stimulating drugs. If these symptoms are present, treatment should be started immediately. As soon as the doctor makes a diagnosis and prescribes antiviral drugs, it is recommended to carry out symptomatic treatment to alleviate the child’s condition. If left untreated, herpes infection in children can become chronic. Timely treatment of herpes in children will help improve the general condition and stop the spread of infection in the body. Antiviral ointments, creams and tablets will relieve pain, itching and burning. If the baby has a fever, an antipyretic should be given and the child should be given plenty of warm fluids.

Doctors often use Acyclovir in practice, an antiviral drug. It can be used in tablets, injections or topical ointments. The dosage depends on the severity and form of the infection. The drug is administered intravenously at a dosage of 30-60 mg/kg of the child’s body weight, orally - 90 mg/kg per day. Take 3 times a day. The ointment is used for external use; it should be applied to the affected areas of the skin 4-5 times a day.

Immunostimulating agents help the child quickly suppress the infection and prevent the virus from spreading to healthy areas of the skin, mucous membranes and internal organs.

Interferon has a detrimental effect on the virus, preventing it from multiplying. Interferon is available in tablets and suppositories.

If your child experiences relapses, immediately consult an immunologist. The immunologist will prescribe appropriate treatment that will increase the immunity of a weakened child. The fight against the herpes virus in children should be under the supervision of a doctor who will calculate the dosage of medications without harm to the child’s body.

Once entering the child’s body, the herpes virus remains hidden in it, becoming more active from time to time. The main goal of parents is to help the child cope with the disease, following all the doctor’s instructions. In the fight against the virus, special attention is paid to maintaining the baby’s personal hygiene.

For prevention, you need to follow the following rules: do not use other people’s personal hygiene items, avoid communicating with a carrier of the herpes virus, etc. Good nutrition, taking vitamins in the spring and autumn, and taking immunostimulating drugs for prevention will help strengthen children's immunity. During the season of outbreaks of colds, use antiviral ointments and nasal drops for preventive purposes 1-2 times a day. Preventing infection in parents can help reduce the risk of infection in children.

It is important to remember: in case of any manifestations or symptoms similar to the virus, do not treat the child yourself, as improper treatment leads to serious consequences.

Any treatment, especially in childhood, must be carried out only with the use of products recommended by a doctor and under his supervision. Be healthy!

Herpes - School of Dr. Komarovsky

Genital herpes in children and pregnancy

What to do with herpes? Children's doctor.