Adenoids are nasopharyngeal tonsils. Like tonsils, they protect the body from infectious diseases. In some cases, the adenoids become inflamed, which leads to respiratory problems and partial hearing loss. As a rule, such a pathology occurs in children under ten years of age; enlarged adenoids in adult patients are extremely rare.

This ailment cannot be ignored: growing, the tonsils can completely block the airways, which will lead to a deterioration in lung ventilation and the development of chronic diseases. Inflammation of the adenoids in children can be stopped at home using traditional medicine recipes.

It is possible to cure adenoids, but first you need to understand the causes of the disease. The main factors include:

• hereditary predisposition to allergic diseases;
• a sharp decrease in immune defense caused by eating foods high in dyes and flavors;
• frequent acute respiratory infections, especially with prolonged treatment;
• somatic and inflammatory processes occurring in the body;
• self-treatment of a child with traditional and folk remedies.

In some cases, growing tonsils may be associated with intrauterine development of the fetus. Pathology can develop if the expectant mother abuses alcohol and nicotine, works during pregnancy in hazardous industries, and carries viral diseases on her legs.

Symptoms

How to find out if adenoids in a child are inflamed? This pathology has pronounced symptoms that are hard to miss. The disease usually manifests itself in children over the age of 3 years, as indicated by medical statistics. Inflammation has three degrees of development, for each of which an independent treatment regimen is provided. Only a qualified specialist can distinguish adenoids of the first degree from the second or third, therefore, when the first symptoms of pathology appear, parents need to show the child to the doctor. The specialist will prescribe treatment and recommend effective folk remedies. Signs of inflammation are:

1. Chronic runny nose.
2. Difficulty breathing through the nose: the child constantly inhales air with an open mouth.
3. Appearing nasal, speech defects.
4. Regular coughing.
5. Night snoring is a phenomenon unusual for healthy children.
6. Periodic headache, general weakness of the body.
7. Hearing impairment.

If the adenoids are inflamed in children, home treatment is possible, but it should not be uncontrolled. The disease is considered potentially dangerous for the development of the child, so self-medication can provoke the development of serious complications.

First aid

If inflammation of the adenoids of 1-2 degrees is diagnosed, the treatment can be as follows:

• removal of accumulations of mucus in the nose to make it easier for the child to breathe. To do this, rinse with a solution of salt or soda. A teaspoon of the product should be dissolved in a glass of warm water;
• the use of Nazivin or Naphthyzinum, which contribute to the relief of inflammation, have a vasoconstrictive effect. Drops are used three times a day, the duration of therapy is 5 days.

It is important to understand that this is not a complete treatment. These actions will help prevent further growth of the tonsils. To completely defeat the disease and prevent relapse, more in-depth and prolonged therapy will be required.

Treatment of grade 3 adenoids in children usually involves surgical removal. In this phase, the tonsils almost completely block the airways, so drastic measures are required. It should be clarified that even after removal of the adenoids, they may reappear after some time. This is a rather rare, but still occurring phenomenon in medical practice. Therefore, even after surgery, it is recommended to undergo a preventive course of treatment in order to ensure that the pathology does not recur.

Complex therapy at home

Surgical removal of the tonsils is a very unpleasant procedure, so you should not bring the disease to a neglected state - it is better to start acting already at the first stage of the inflammatory process. Consider the option of treating adenoids in children with a course of procedures designed for five weeks.

1. In the first week, thuja oil is instilled into the nose, after washing the nasopharynx from mucus clots. For this, only base oil is used, 100% essential oil cannot be used. The agent is instilled twice a day, 2-3 drops.
2. During the second week, they use Argolife, a medicine based on colloidal silver, which is available in the form of drops. The recommended dosage is 3 drops twice a day.
3. In the third week of treatment, the body is given a break from the action of the drug, replacing it with natural analogues. To do this, use the infusion of coltsfoot - brew a spoonful of grass in a glass of boiling water. Dosage - 2 drops three times a day. Alternatively, you can mix tea tree oil and olive oil in a 1:4 ratio. This mixture is instilled into the nose twice a day, one drop.
4. On the fourth week, Argolife is re-instilled.
5. On the fifth week, the treatment with thuja oil is repeated.

Such a course can be combined with washing the nose with healing decoctions based on medicinal herbs.. The following recipes work well here:

• Brew a dessert spoon of calendula or string in 100 ml of water. The broth should be simmered in a water bath for 15 minutes, then cooled to room temperature.
• Mix in equal proportions crushed oak bark, eucalyptus leaves, sage herb. Pour a large spoonful of the dry mixture with a glass of boiling water, insist in a thermos for at least eight hours.

Washing is performed several times a day.

Effective folk recipes

Treatment of adenoids of the 2nd degree in children can be carried out using traditional medicine, which will help stop the inflammatory process and prevent the growth of the tonsils. When choosing treatment with folk remedies, you need to tune in to long-term and continuous therapy in advance. Only in this case, you can count on a positive result. However, the duration of treatment is more than offset by two positive aspects: firstly, you can get rid of the disease without surgery; secondly, natural components are not capable of harming the child's body.

So, the fight against inflamed adenoids in children is carried out by the following folk remedies:

If you treat adenoids in children with the listed methods, you can stop the inflammation and avoid surgical removal of the tonsils. It is important to understand that home treatment should only be carried out under the supervision of a qualified otolaryngologist.

Thanks

The site provides reference information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Expert advice is required!

What are adenoids?

adenoids (adenoid growths, vegetations) is commonly called an excessively enlarged nasopharyngeal tonsil - an immune organ located in the nasopharynx and performing certain protective functions. This disease occurs in almost half of children aged 3 to 15 years, which is associated with age-related features of the development of the immune system. Adenoids in adults are less common and are usually the result of long-term exposure to adverse environmental factors.

Under normal conditions, the pharyngeal tonsil is represented by several folds of lymphoid tissue protruding above the surface of the mucous membrane of the posterior pharyngeal wall. It is part of the so-called pharyngeal lymphatic ring, represented by several immune glands. These glands are predominantly lymphocytes– immunocompetent cells involved in the regulation and provision immunity, that is, the body's ability to defend itself against the effects of foreign bacteria , viruses and other microorganisms.

The pharyngeal lymphatic ring is formed by:

• Nasopharyngeal (pharyngeal) tonsil. Unpaired tonsil, located in the mucous membrane of the posterior-upper part of the pharynx.
• Lingual tonsil. Unpaired, located in the mucous membrane of the root of the tongue.
• Two palatine tonsils. These tonsils are quite large, located in the oral cavity on the sides of the entrance to the pharynx.
• Two tubal tonsils. They are located in the side walls of the pharynx, near the openings of the auditory tubes. The auditory tube is a narrow canal that connects the tympanic cavity (middle ear) to the pharynx. The tympanic cavity contains the auditory ossicles (anvil, malleus and stirrup), which are connected to the tympanic membrane. They provide the perception and amplification of sound waves. The physiological function of the auditory tube is to equalize the pressure between the tympanic cavity and the atmosphere, which is necessary for the normal perception of sounds. The role of the tubal tonsils in this case is to prevent infections into the auditory tube and then into the middle ear.

During inhalation, along with the air, a person inhales many different microorganisms that are constantly present in the atmosphere. The main function of the nasopharyngeal tonsil is to prevent the entry of these bacteria into the body. The air inhaled through the nose passes through the nasopharynx (where the nasopharyngeal and tubal tonsils are located), while foreign microorganisms come into contact with the lymphoid tissue. Upon contact of lymphocytes with a foreign agent, a complex of local protective reactions is launched aimed at its neutralization. Lymphocytes begin to intensively divide (multiply), which causes an increase in the size of the amygdala.

In addition to the local antimicrobial action, the lymphoid tissue of the pharyngeal ring also performs other functions. In this area, the primary contact of the immune system with foreign microorganisms occurs, after which the lymphoid cells transfer information about them to other immune tissues of the body, preparing the immune system for protection.

Causes of adenoids

Under normal conditions, the severity of local immune reactions is limited, therefore, after the source of infection is eliminated, the process of division of lymphocytes in the pharyngeal tonsil slows down. However, when the regulation of the activity of the immune system is dysregulated or with chronic, long-term exposure to pathogenic microorganisms, the described processes get out of control, which leads to excessive growth ( hypertrophy) lymphoid tissue. It should be noted that the protective properties of the hypertrophied tonsil are significantly reduced, as a result of which it itself can be populated by pathogenic microorganisms, that is, become a source of chronic infection.

The reason for the increase in the nasopharyngeal tonsil can be:

• Age features of the child's body. Upon contact with each foreign microorganism, the immune system develops specific responses against it. antibodies that can circulate in the body for a long time. As the child grows (especially after 3 years, when children begin attending kindergartens and being in crowded places), their immune system comes into contact with more and more new microorganisms, which can lead to an overactive immune system and the development of adenoids. In some children, an increase in palatine tonsils may be asymptomatic until adulthood, while in other cases, respiratory problems and other symptoms of the disease may develop.
• Congenital anomalies of development. In the process of organ formation in the prenatal period, various disturbances can be noted, which can be provoked by environmental factors (for example, polluted air, high background radiation), injury or chronic maternal illness, alcohol abuse, or drugs(mother or father of the child). The result of this may be a congenital enlargement of the nasopharyngeal tonsil. A genetic predisposition to adenoids is also not excluded, however, there are no specific data confirming this fact.
• Frequent infectious diseases. Chronic or frequently relapsing (repeatedly aggravated) diseases of the upper respiratory tract ( angina , pharyngitis , bronchitis) can lead to dysregulation of the inflammatory process in the lymphoid ring of the pharynx, resulting in an increase in the nasopharyngeal tonsil and the appearance of adenoids. Acute respiratory viral diseases represent a particular risk in this regard ( SARS), i.e colds , flu.
• Allergic diseases. The mechanisms of inflammation during infection and during the development of allergic reactions are largely similar. In addition, the immune system of an allergic child is initially predisposed to more pronounced reactions in response to the penetration of an infection into the body, which can also contribute to hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsil.
• Harmful environmental factors. If a child breathes air polluted with dust or harmful chemical compounds for a long time, this can lead to non-infectious inflammation of the lymphoid formations of the nasopharynx and the growth of adenoids.

Symptoms of adenoids

For a long time, the development of adenoids in a child can be asymptomatic. Usually, these children get colds more often than their peers. Parents may report non-specific symptoms such as increased fatigue child, decreased mood, loss of appetite, frequent headaches. As the disease progresses, lymphoid growths increase in size and can disrupt the functions of closely located organs and structures, which will have characteristic clinical manifestations.

Symptoms of adenoids are:

• violation of nasal breathing;
• hearing impairment;
• facial deformity.

Violation of nasal breathing with adenoids

It is one of the first symptoms that appear in a child with adenoids. The cause of respiratory failure in this case is an excessive increase in adenoids, which protrude into the nasopharynx and prevent the passage of inhaled and exhaled air. Characteristic is the fact that with adenoids, only nasal breathing is disturbed, while breathing through the mouth does not suffer.

The nature and degree of respiratory failure are determined by the size of the hypertrophied (enlarged) tonsil. Due to the lack of air, children do not sleep well at night, snore and sniff during sleep, and often wake up. While awake, they often breathe through their mouths, which are constantly open. The child may speak indistinctly, nasally, "talk through the nose."

As the disease progresses, it becomes more and more difficult for the child to breathe, and his general condition worsens. Due to oxygen starvation and inadequate sleep, a pronounced lag in mental and physical development may appear.

Runny nose with adenoids

More than half of children with adenoids have regular nasal discharge. The reason for this is the excessive activity of the immune organs of the nasopharynx (in particular, the nasopharyngeal tonsil), as well as the constantly progressive inflammatory process in them. This leads to an increase in the activity of goblet cells of the nasal mucosa (these cells are responsible for the production of mucus), which causes the appearance of a runny nose.

Such children are forced to constantly carry a scarf or napkins with them. Over time, damage to the skin can be noted in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe nasolabial folds ( redness , itching), associated with the aggressive effects of secreted mucus (nasal mucus contains special substances, the main function of which is the destruction and destruction of pathogenic microorganisms penetrating the nose).

Cough with adenoids

Cough with adenoids is dry, painful, rarely accompanied by discharge sputum. Its occurrence is explained by irritation of cough receptors (nerve endings) in the mucous membrane by enlarged adenoid vegetations. Another cause of coughing may be mucus from the respiratory tract (which usually occurs at night). In this case, in the morning, immediately after waking up, the child will have a productive cough, accompanied by the release of a large amount of sputum.

Hearing loss in adenoids

Hearing impairment is associated with excessive growth of the nasopharyngeal tonsil, which in some cases can reach enormous sizes and literally block the internal (pharyngeal) openings of the auditory tubes. In this case, it becomes impossible to equalize the pressure between the tympanic cavity and the atmosphere. The air from the tympanic cavity gradually resolves, as a result of which the mobility of the tympanic membrane is disturbed, which causes hearing loss.

If the adenoids block the lumen of only one auditory tube, there will be a decrease in hearing on the side of the lesion. If both pipes are blocked, hearing will be impaired on both sides. In the initial stages of the disease, hearing impairment may be temporary, associated with swelling of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and pharyngeal tonsil in various infectious diseases of this area. After the inflammatory process subsides, tissue edema decreases, the lumen of the auditory tube is released, and hearing impairment disappears. In the later stages, adenoid vegetations can reach enormous sizes and completely block the gaps of the auditory tubes, which will lead to permanent hearing loss.

temperature for adenoids

An increase in temperature may be due to frequent infectious diseases characteristic of children with adenoids, as well as increased activity of the immune system. In addition, in the later stages of the disease, when the adenoids reach large sizes, and their local protective functions are impaired, colonies of pathogenic microorganisms can develop in them. These microorganisms and the toxins they secrete constantly stimulate the activity of the immune system and cause an increase in temperature to a subfebrile level (up to 37 - 37.5 degrees), without causing other clinical manifestations of the infection.

Deformation of the face with adenoids

If adenoids of 2-3 degrees are not treated (when nasal breathing is almost impossible), prolonged breathing through the mouth leads to the development of certain changes in the facial skeleton, that is, the so-called "adenoid face" is formed.

"Adenoid face" is characterized by:

• Half open mouth. Due to difficulty in nasal breathing, the child is forced to breathe through the mouth. If this condition lasts long enough, it can become a habit, as a result of which, even after the removal of the adenoids, the child will still breathe through the mouth. Correction of this condition requires long and painstaking work with the child, both on the part of doctors and parents.
• Sagging and elongated lower jaw. Due to the fact that the child's mouth is constantly open, the lower jaw gradually lengthens and stretches, which leads to malocclusion. Over time, certain deformations occur in the region of the temporomandibular joint, as a result of which contractures (fusions) can form in it.
• Deformation of the hard palate. It occurs due to the lack of normal nasal breathing. The hard palate is located high, may be developed incorrectly, which, in turn, leads to improper growth and position of the teeth.
• Indifferent facial expression. With a long course of the disease (months, years), the process of oxygen delivery to tissues, in particular, to brain. This can lead to a pronounced lag in the child's mental development, impaired memory, mental and emotional activity.

It is important to remember that the described changes occur only with a long course of the disease. Timely removal of adenoids will lead to the normalization of nasal breathing and prevent changes in the facial skeleton.

Diagnosis of adenoids

If one or more of the above symptoms appear, it is recommended to contact otorhinolaryngologist (ENT doctor) who will conduct a thorough diagnosis and make an accurate diagnosis.

For the diagnosis of adenoids is used:

• Posterior rhinoscopy. A simple study that allows you to visually assess the degree of enlargement of the pharyngeal tonsil. It is performed using a small mirror, which is inserted by the doctor through the mouth into the throat. The study is painless, so it can be performed for all children and has virtually no contraindications.

• Finger examination of the nasopharynx. It is also a fairly informative study, which allows you to determine the degree of enlargement of the tonsils by touch. Before the examination, the doctor puts on sterile gloves and stands to the side of the child, after which the finger of the left hand presses on his cheek from the outside (to prevent jaw closure and injury), and with the index finger of the right hand he quickly examines the adenoids, choanae and the back wall of the nasopharynx.
• X-ray studies. Plain x-rays in frontal and lateral projections can identify adenoids that have reached large sizes. Sometimes patients are given CT scan, which allows a more detailed assessment of the nature of changes in the pharyngeal tonsil, the degree of overlap of the choanae and other changes.
• Endoscopy. Quite detailed information can be given by endoscopic examination of the nasopharynx. Its essence lies in the introduction of an endoscope (a special flexible tube, at one end of which a video camera is fixed) into the nasopharynx through the nose (endoscopic rhinoscopy) or through the mouth (endoscopic epipharyngoscopy), while the data from the camera is transmitted to the monitor. This allows you to visually examine the adenoids, assess the degree of patency of the choanae and auditory tubes. To prevent discomfort or reflex vomit, 10 - 15 minutes before the start of the study, the mucous membrane of the pharynx is treated with an anesthetic spray - a substance that reduces the sensitivity of nerve endings (for example, lidocaine or novocaine).
• Audiometry. Allows you to identify hearing loss in children with adenoids. The essence of the procedure is as follows - the child sits in a chair and puts on headphones, after which the doctor begins to turn on sound recordings of a certain intensity (the sound is first delivered to one ear, then to the other). When the child hears the sound, he should give a signal.
• Lab tests. Laboratory tests are not mandatory for adenoids, as they do not allow to confirm or refute the diagnosis. At the same time, bacteriological examination (sowing smear from the nasopharynx to nutrient media in order to identify bacteria) sometimes allows you to determine the cause of the disease and prescribe adequate treatment. General changes blood test(increased concentration leukocytes more than 9 x 10 9 /l and increase erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) more than 10 - 15 mm per hour) may indicate the presence of an infectious-inflammatory process in the body.

Degrees of enlargement of adenoids

Symptoms of the disease can be expressed to varying degrees, depending on the size of the hypertrophied nasopharyngeal tonsil. Determination of the degree of hypertrophy is important for the choice of methods of treatment and prognosis.

Depending on the size of adenoid vegetations, there are:

• Adenoids of the 1st degree. Clinically, this stage may not manifest itself in any way. During the daytime, the child breathes freely through the nose, but at night there may be a violation of nasal breathing, snore, rare awakenings. This is due to the fact that at night the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx swells slightly, which leads to an increase in the size of the adenoids. When examining the nasopharynx, adenoid growths of small sizes can be determined, covering up to 30-35% of the vomer (the bone involved in the formation of the nasal septum), slightly blocking the lumen of the choanae (holes connecting the nasal cavity with the nasopharynx).
• Adenoids of the 2nd degree. In this case, the adenoids grow so much that they cover more than half of the vomer, which already affects the child's ability to breathe through the nose. Nasal breathing is difficult, but still preserved. The child often breathes through his mouth (usually after physical exertion, emotional overstrain). At night, there is a strong snoring, frequent awakenings. At this stage, abundant mucous discharge from the nose, coughing and other symptoms of the disease may appear, but signs of chronic lack of oxygen are extremely rare.
• Adenoids 3 degrees. At the 3rd degree of the disease, the hypertrophied pharyngeal tonsil completely covers the choanae, making nasal breathing impossible. All of the above symptoms are severe. Symptoms of oxygen starvation appear and progress, deformations of the facial skeleton may appear, the child lags behind in mental and physical development, and so on.

Treatment of adenoids without surgery

The choice of treatment method depends not only on the size of the adenoids and the duration of the disease, but also on the severity of clinical manifestations. At the same time, it is worth noting that exclusively conservative measures are effective only with 1 degree of the disease, while adenoids of 2-3 degrees are an indication for their removal.

Conservative treatment of adenoids includes:

• drug treatment;
• drops and sprays in the nose;
• nasal lavage;

• respiratory gymnastics ;

Treatment of adenoids with drugs

The goal of drug therapy is to eliminate the causes of the disease and prevent further enlargement of the pharyngeal tonsil. For this purpose, drugs from various pharmacological groups with both local and systemic effects can be used.

Medical treatment of adenoids

Drug group	Representatives	Mechanism of therapeutic action	Dosage and administration
Antibiotics	Cefuroxime	Antibiotics are prescribed only in the presence of systemic manifestations of a bacterial infection or when pathogenic bacteria are isolated from the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and adenoids. These drugs have a detrimental effect on foreign microorganisms, at the same time, practically without affecting the cells of the human body.	Children - 10 - 25 mg per kilogram of body weight ( mg/kg) 3-4 times a day. Adults - 750 mg 3 times a day ( intravenously or intramuscularly).
	Amoxiclav		Children - 12 mg/kg 3 times a day. Adults - 250 - 500 mg 2 - 3 times a day.
	Erythromycin		Children - 10-15 mg/kg 2-3 times a day. Adults - 500 - 1000 mg 2 - 4 times a day.
Antihistamines	cetirizine	Histamine is a biologically active substance that has a number of effects at the level of various tissues in the body. The progression of the inflammatory process in the pharyngeal tonsil leads to an increase in the concentration of histamine in its tissues, which is manifested by the expansion of blood vessels and the release of the liquid part of the blood into the intercellular space, edema and hyperemia (redness) mucous membrane of the pharynx. Antihistamines block the negative effects of histamine, eliminating some of the clinical manifestations of the disease.	Inside, washing down with a full glass of warm water. Children up to 6 years old - 2.5 mg twice a day. Adults - 5 mg twice a day.
	clemastine		Inside, before eating: Children up to 6 years old - 0.5 mg 1 - 2 times a day. Adults - 1 mg 2 times a day.
	Loratadine		Children up to 12 years old - 5 mg 1 time per day. Adults - 10 mg 1 time per day.
Multivitamin preparations	Aevit	These preparations contain various vitamins, which are necessary for the normal growth of the child, as well as for the proper functioning of all systems of his body. With adenoids, of particular importance are: B vitamins - regulate metabolic processes, the functioning of the nervous system, hematopoiesis processes, and so on. Vitamin C - increases the nonspecific activity of the immune system. Vitamin E - necessary for the normal functioning of the nervous and immune systems. It is important to remember that multivitamins are medicines, the uncontrolled or incorrect use of which can cause a number of adverse reactions.	Inside, 1 capsule per day for 1 month, after which you should take a break for 3-4 months.
	Vitrum
	Biovital		Adults - 1 - 2 tablets 1 time per day ( In the morning or at lunch). Children - half a tablet once a day at the same time.
Immunostimulants	Imudon	This drug has the ability to increase the non-specific protective functions of the child's immune system, thereby reducing the likelihood of re-infection with bacterial and viral infections.	Tablets should be sucked every 4 to 8 hours. The course of treatment is 10 - 20 days.

Drops and sprays in the nose with adenoids

Local application of drugs is an integral part of the conservative treatment of adenoids. The use of drops and sprays ensures the delivery of medicines directly to the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and enlarged pharyngeal tonsil, which allows to achieve the maximum therapeutic effect.

Local drug treatment of adenoids

Drug group	Representatives	Mechanism of therapeutic action	Dosage and administration
Anti-inflammatory drugs	Avamys	These sprays contain hormonal preparations with a pronounced anti-inflammatory action. They reduce tissue swelling, reduce the intensity of mucus formation and stop further enlargement of the adenoids.	Children from 6 to 12 years old - 1 dose ( 1 injection) in each nasal passage 1 time per day. Adults and children over 12 years of age - 1 - 2 injections 1 time per day.
	Nasonex
	Protargol	The drug contains silver proteinate, which has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial action.	Nasal drops should be applied 3 times a day for 1 week. Children up to 6 years old - 1 drop in each nasal passage. 2 - 3 drops in each nasal passage.
Homeopathic preparations	Euphorbium	Contains plant, animal and mineral components that have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects.	Children up to 6 years old - 1 injection in each nasal passage 2-4 times a day. Children over 6 years of age and adults - 2 injections in each nasal passage 4-5 times a day.
	Tui oil	When applied topically, it has an antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and vasoconstrictive effect, and also stimulates the immune system.	Instill 2-3 drops in each nasal passage 3 times a day for 4-6 weeks. The course of treatment can be repeated in a month.
Vasoconstrictor drugs	Xylometazoline	When applied topically, this drug causes constriction of the blood vessels of the nasal mucosa and nasopharynx, which leads to a decrease in swelling of the tissues and facilitates nasal breathing.	Spray or nasal drops are injected into each nasal passage 3 times a day ( dosage is determined by the form of release). The duration of treatment should not exceed 7-10 days, as this may lead to the development of adverse reactions ( e.g. hypertrophic rhinitis- pathological growth of the nasal mucosa).

Nasal lavage for adenoids

For washing the nose, pharmaceutical preparations can be used (for example, aqualor) or self-prepared saline solutions.

The positive effects of nasal lavage are:

• Mechanical removal of mucus and pathogenic microorganisms from the surface of the nasopharynx and adenoids.
• Antimicrobial effect of saline solutions.
• Anti-inflammatory action.
• Anti-edematous action.

Pharmacy forms of solutions for washing are produced in special containers with a long tip, which is inserted into the nasal passages. When using home solutions (1 - 2 teaspoons of salt per 1 cup of warm boiled water), you can use a syringe or a simple 10 - 20 ml syringe.

You can rinse your nose in one of the following ways:

• Tilt your head so that one nasal passage is higher than the other. Inject a few milliliters of solution into the superior nostril, which should flow through the inferior nostril. Repeat the procedure 3-5 times.
• Tilt your head back and inject 5-10 ml of the solution into one nasal passage, while holding your breath. After 5-15 seconds, tilt your head down and let the solution flow out, then repeat the procedure 3-5 times.

Nasal lavage should be performed 1-2 times a day. Do not use too concentrated saline solutions, as this can damage the nasal mucosa, nasopharynx, airways and auditory tubes.

Inhalations for adenoids

Inhalation is a simple and effective method that allows you to deliver the drug directly to the place of its impact (to the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and to the adenoids). For inhalation, special devices or improvised means can be used.

• dry inhalation. Oils can be used for this. firs , eucalyptus , mint, 2 - 3 drops of which should be applied to a clean handkerchief and let the child breathe through it for 3 - 5 minutes.
• Wet inhalations. In this case, the child must breathe vapor containing particles of medicinal substances. The same oils (5-10 drops each) can be added to freshly boiled water, after which the child should bend over the water container and breathe in steam for 5-10 minutes.
• Salt inhalations. Add 2 teaspoons of salt to 500 ml of water. Bring the solution to a boil, remove from heat and inhale the steam for 5 to 7 minutes. You can also add 1-2 drops to the solution essential oils.
• Inhalation with a nebulizer. Nebulizer- This is a special atomizer in which an aqueous solution of medicated oil is placed. The drug sprays it into small particles that enter the patient's nose through a tube, irrigating the mucous membranes and penetrating into hard-to-reach places.

The positive effects of inhalation are:

• moisturizing the mucous membrane (with the exception of dry inhalations);
• improvement of blood circulation in the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx;
• reduction in the amount of mucous secretions;
• increasing the local protective properties of the mucous membrane;
• anti-inflammatory action;
• anti-edematous action;
• antibacterial action.

Physiotherapy for adenoids

The impact of physical energy on the mucous membrane allows you to increase its non-specific protective properties, reduce the severity of inflammation, eliminate some symptoms and slow down the progression of the disease.

With adenoids, it is prescribed:

• Ultraviolet irradiation (UVI). To irradiate the mucous membranes of the nose, a special device is used, the long tip of which is inserted into the nasal passages one by one (this prevents ultraviolet rays from entering the eyes and other parts of the body). It has antibacterial and immunostimulatory effects.
• Ozone therapy. The application of ozone (an active form of oxygen) to the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx has an antibacterial and antifungal effect, stimulates local immunity and improves metabolic processes in tissues.
• Laser therapy. Laser exposure leads to an increase in the temperature of the nasopharyngeal mucosa, expansion of blood and lymphatic vessels, and improvement of microcirculation. Also, laser radiation is detrimental to many forms of pathogenic microorganisms.

Breathing exercises for adenoids

Respiratory gymnastics involves the performance of certain physical exercises, coupled with simultaneous breathing according to a special scheme. It should be noted that breathing exercises are indicated not only for medicinal purposes, but also to restore normal nasal breathing after removal of the adenoids. The fact is that with the progression of the disease, the child can breathe exclusively through the mouth for a long time, thus “forgetting” how to breathe through the nose correctly. Active implementation of a set of exercises helps to restore normal nasal breathing in such children within 2 to 3 weeks.

With adenoids, breathing exercises contribute to:

• reduce the severity of inflammatory and allergic processes;
• decrease in the amount of secreted mucus;
• decrease in the severity of cough;
• normalization of nasal breathing;
• improvement of microcirculation and metabolic processes in the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx.

Breathing exercises include the following set of exercises:

• 1 exercise. In a standing position, you need to take 4 - 5 sharp active breaths through the nose, after each of which should be followed by a slow (for 3 - 5 seconds), passive exhalation through the mouth.
• 2 exercise. Starting position - standing, legs together. At the beginning of the exercise, you should slowly tilt your torso forward, trying to reach the floor with your hands. At the end of the tilt (when the hands almost touch the floor), you need to take a sharp deep breath through the nose. Exhalation should be performed slowly, simultaneously with the return to the starting position.
• 3 exercise. Starting position - standing, feet shoulder width apart. You should start the exercise with a slow squat, at the end of which you should take a deep, sharp breath. Exhalation is also performed slowly, smoothly, through the mouth.
• 4 exercise. Standing on your feet, you should alternately turn your head to the right and left, then tilt back and forth, while at the end of each turn and tilt, take a sharp breath through the nose, followed by a passive exhalation through the mouth.

Each exercise should be repeated 4-8 times, and the whole complex should be performed twice a day (morning and evening, but no later than an hour before bedtime). If the child begins to experience headaches while exercising dizziness- reduce the intensity and duration of classes. The occurrence of these symptoms may be explained by the fact that too rapid breathing leads to an increased removal of carbon dioxide (a by-product of cellular respiration) from the blood. This leads to a reflex constriction of blood vessels and a lack of oxygen at the level of the brain.

Treatment of adenoids with folk remedies at home

ethnoscience has a large range of medicines that can eliminate the symptoms of adenoids and speed up the recovery of the patient. However, it is important to remember that inadequate and untimely treatment of adenoids can lead to a number of serious complications, so you should consult a doctor before starting self-treatment.

For the treatment of adenoids, you can use:

• Aqueous extract of propolis. Add 50 grams of crushed propolis to 500 ml of water and keep in a water bath for an hour. Strain and take orally half a teaspoon 3-4 times a day. It has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antiviral effects, and also strengthens the immune system.
• Aloe juice. For topical application, 1-2 drops of juice should be instilled. aloe in each nasal passage 2-3 times a day. It has an antibacterial and astringent effect.
• Collection from oak bark, St. John's wort and mint. To prepare the collection, you need to mix 2 full tablespoons of chopped oak bark, 1 spoon Hypericum and 1 teaspoon peppermint. Pour the resulting mixture with 1 liter of water, bring to a boil and boil for 4-5 minutes. Cool at room temperature for 3-4 hours, strain and instill 2-3 drops of the collection into each nasal passage of the child in the morning and evening. It has an astringent and antimicrobial effect.
• Sea buckthorn oil. It has anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating and antibacterial action. It should be used twice a day, instilling 2 drops into each nasal passage.

Before use, you should consult with a specialist.

A common problem in childhood is inflammation of the adenoids. The nasopharyngeal tonsil, despite its small size, plays an important role in the life of the baby. Pathological processes in it disrupt the functioning of the child's body and are dangerous for their complications. Therefore, it is important to monitor the adenoids and observe their condition during all colds.

Causes of the disease

Inflammatory processes in the lymphatic tissue of the tonsils can develop both independently and as a result of other pathologies, such as tonsillitis, laryngitis or sinusitis. Violation of intrauterine development, infectious diseases of the expectant mother or drug abuse during pregnancy can also disrupt the normal functioning of the adenoids in the future.

Human tonsils protect the body from pathogens contained in the air and food. Since the child's immune system is formed and strengthens gradually, it is not difficult to break the protective function of the adenoids. If provoking factors are present, inflammation of the lymphoid tissue will not take long. Such provocateurs can be:

• diathesis and allergic reactions;
• infectious diseases;
• injuries and bruises of the nasopharynx;
• unfavorable environmental and living conditions;
• hypothermia.

Forms and stages of the disease

Inflammation of the adenoids in children can be acute or chronic. In the first case, the pathology develops against the background of an infectious lesion of the nasopharynx, and in the second case, disturbances in immune processes become the cause. The gradual growth of tonsil tissue transfers the disease from one stage to another. Depending on how much the adenoids overlap the space of the nasopharynx, it is customary to distinguish 3 stages of adenoiditis.

Symptoms of an acute inflammatory process

The acute form of the disease is characterized by a rise in temperature in the patient.

It starts with hyperthermia. Then a dry cough appears, pain in the depths of the nose, which radiates to the ears due to the inflamed ear canal, intoxication of the body develops. The addition of a bacterial infection is accompanied by mucopurulent discharge from the nose and ears, the child becomes restless, refuses to eat, nasal breathing and sleep are disturbed. Inflammation of the adenoids leads to an increase in the occipital, submandibular and posterior cervical lymph nodes.

How is chronic adenoiditis manifested?

If the adenoids become inflamed several times a year or an acute process remains untreated, then pathogenic bacteria accumulate in them, and the disease becomes chronic. At the same time, the growth of lymphoid tissue and the increase in alarming symptoms progress. Enlarged and inflamed adenoids block the nasopharynx, which leads to symptoms such as:

• rhinitis;
• night snoring and apnea;
• violation of nasal breathing;
• brain hypoxia;
• impaired hearing, speech and intellectual development.

A characteristic elongated face with a parted mouth, an enlarged bridge of the nose, a shortened upper lip and swelling under the eyes will indicate long-term chronic adenoiditis.

Diagnosis of the disease

For a correct diagnosis, it is important for the patient to take a nasal swab.

The first symptoms indicating inflammation of the adenoids should immediately alert. Determination of the pathology, its form and stage is carried out using a set of measures, including a visual and instrumental examination of the patient, taking an anamnesis and clarifying complaints, conducting a blood test and bacteriological examination of nasal swabs.

By conducting MRI, CT, endoscopy, rhinoscopy or radiography of the nasopharynx, one can determine the extent of the lesion and the presence of malignant or cystic formations, reveal redness and swelling of the pharyngeal wall, enlargement and purulent plaque on the tonsil. And also characteristic stripes are found on the pharyngeal wall, which occur when a mucopurulent secret drains.

Treatment of adenoids

The complex of therapeutic measures for adenoiditis is aimed at eliminating the cause of the disease, the focus of infection and restoring breathing. To achieve these goals, medications, homeopathic and herbal remedies are prescribed. Positive dynamics is observed when physiotherapy procedures are introduced into the treatment regimen. Since they play an important role in protecting the body and developing immunity, they are trying to preserve and restore their normal functioning using all available methods, including traditional medicine. If it is not possible to achieve reverse growth of lymphoid tissue, then a decision is made to surgically remove the tonsil.

What medicines help with adenoids?

Treatment of adenoids begins with the elimination of the etiological factor. If they become inflamed against the background of an allergy, then the basis of therapy will be antihistamines or hormonal drugs, for example, Allergodil, Nasonex or Avamys. If the cause of the disease is an infectious factor, then antibacterial agents from the group of penicillins, cephalosporins or macrolides are prescribed. Instillation of vasoconstrictor, secretolytic and antiseptic agents into the nose will help relieve swelling of the mucosa, reduce inflammation and will contribute to the liquefaction and discharge of the secret. Before using them, rinse the nose with saline. The most effective tools are:

In the treatment of the disease, the drug Isofra is used.

• "Nazivin";
• "Rinofluimucil";
• "Miramistin";
• "Derinat".

The topic in pediatric visceral otolaryngology - "" does not reduce the rating of topicality. And, unfortunately, the discussion is gaining momentum both in the medical community and in the whole society. This concerns the solution of practical issues, as well as the creation of new, innovative treatment methods in a theoretical aspect. The problem of adenoid vegetation in children is finally becoming acute, not indifferent to the parent audience.

We suggest going through popular queries on the Internet, which we present as the heading of the information context headings, in this article:

1. Signs of inflammation of the adenoids in a child;
2. Causes of inflammation of the adenoids in children.

The remaining questions that parents most often bring to the search for social. networks are assembled into an unnumbered list of keyword queries. They will be included in a separate section, which is compiled in the format - "Question and Answer":

• "How to relieve inflammation of the adenoids in a child?";
• “The child has inflamed adenoids, what should I do?”;
• “Adenoids in a child are inflamed, how to treat?”.

Signs of inflammation of the adenoids in a child: dangerous / non-dangerous symptoms

"Adenoid vegetation", "Adenoid proliferation of nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissue, which make up the adenoids in the nose and tonsils." With such special medical terminology, specialists in pediatric pediatrics in the field of ENT diseases (otolaryngology) designate the disease that parents know as "inflamed adenoids, tonsils" in children.

What kind signs started inflammation of the adenoids in the nose The child has, treating children's otolaryngologists are treated and considered a disturbing pathoclinic? And which ones are classified as standard parameters of adenoid pathogenesis in the nasal tonsils? Let's look at the spreadsheet:

1) Manifestations characteristic of the described and studied parameters of adenoid pathogenesis	Disease of the nasal cavity, (inflamed adenoids) begins with a profuse runny nose, nasal congestion, difficulty breathing freely through the nose. These are one of the main symptoms. And, if such a pathology acquires a constant trend, occurs regularly with colds, seasonal diseases, this is a guaranteed risk of persistent hyperplasia of the nasal adenoids. But, after a timely conservative therapy, the dynamics of obvious symptoms, characteristic signs of adenoid intoxication, disappears. Adenoids return to natural parameters of functionality. The situation is saved by strong innate immunity, living, development of children in healthy family conditions. Carrying out daily preventive measures to prevent inflammatory changes in the child's nasopharynx.
2) Non-characteristic signs of adenoid vegetation that pose a danger to the general condition of the child's body	Nasal glands, adenoids, in weakened children (with a low threshold of general immunity), with an increased innate tendency to adenoid respiration, practically do not function. What is it expressed in? Starting from the first year of life, especially in the period of 3 years, the child is constantly “snotty”, at any time of the year. Hyperplasia of the adenoids (in the form of inflamed pasty parenchyma), almost without obstacles, passes strains of viral, bacterial and extremely dangerous bacilli and microorganisms. Agents that cause infectious diseases (hepatitis, herpes virus, mumps, tuberculosis and meningitis). Children are very different from their peers (of the same age). Paleness (with a transparent shade) of the face, color of the lips, cheeks. Bluish circles under the eyes, frailty and anemicity of the bone frame are visible. Growth retardation and weakness of motor dynamics, which affects the slow psycho-emotional development of the child.

Causes of inflammation of the adenoids in children

It is clear that "without fire there is no smoke." Every disease has its own causes, disease sources. Inflammation of the adenoids in children that terrorize the younger generation are no exception in the ICD (International Classification of Diseases). According to this authoritative publishing house, as well as the described clinical characteristics of adenoid vegetation in children, the primary source (etiopathogenesis) is recognized as an excessive accumulation of harmful infectious pathogenic microflora in the nasopharyngeal glands.

Related Articles How to cure adenoids in a child without surgery: recommendations, timely advice to parents

What impulses give the pathological transformation of the adenoids? "Patosources" are already known to both medical specialists and the widest strata of the population, these are:

• Frequent respiration against the background of a weakened immune defense of the child's body;
• Congenital pathologies, transplacental invasion of respiratory diseases of the expectant mother (during pregnancy);
• Morphological factor - "until the final formation of the immune system", falling on the 3-year boundary of childhood;
• The critical state of the ecological atmosphere, the environment in which children are forced to live, inhaling through the nasal cavities, smog, chemical compounds in the air;
• Infected, poor-quality water and the use of hemomodified foods with potent synthetic food substitutes and additives from an early age.
• Insufficient, to a civilized level and culture, understanding of the importance of preventive measures to preserve the adenoid organs in children on the part of their parents;
• The lack of examples of a healthy lifestyle in the family, the cultivation of a life credo - “A healthy person is beautiful, respected in society. A healthy person is the pride of the country. Health must be protected and valued from childhood!”.

However, the text below emphasizes, unfortunately, the fact that the parent audience is not imbued with the importance of educational informatics about adenoids in children. And, not only to theoretical knowledge. But to take effective steps - daily care and attention to the normal, healthy state of the nasopharyngeal organs in their children.

Important note! The listed list of reasons is the well-known culprits of the de-energization of the child's body. In them lies the center of trouble, under the name - disease-causing, decomposed nasopharyngeal tonsil glands (adenoids, tonsils) in children!

The topic of the consultation is "Adenoids inflamed in a child": Ask questions - we answer

We bring to the attention of readers. Information is given in order to disclose the topic, general education of parents whose children are ill with adenoid pathogenesis. A specific and real diagnosis, an assessment of the condition of the nasopharyngeal tonsils in your children, is possible only with a direct, personal examination of a pediatric otolaryngologist!

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"How to relieve inflammation of the adenoids in a child?",

The adult environment of a sick child needs to be understood. That it is impossible to remove the inflammatory reaction in a child's nose with a one-time miraculous wave of the hand or a fabulously miraculous medicine. It's impossible. Not hypothetically, especially not in reality. In order not to end the answer (to this question), advice - read on ...

« Adenoids inflamed in a child, how to treat?»

Inflammation of the adenoids is treated. But, the path of treatment must begin with the correct diagnosis. Precise determination of the stage, degree of damage to the nasal mucosa of the adenoid glands. Accordingly, with a professionally responsible selection of medicines and procedures. Independently remove, even reduce hyperemia (inflammation) of the adenoids in children, without medical supervision - a priori, it is not recommended!

« The child has inflamed adenoids, what should I do?»

And, as for the parental “what to do?”, This is not a rhetorical question. To do, to act, to make efforts and measures, is really necessary, necessary. In a strong partnership with children's physicians. Do not silently expect that everything will pass by itself, the child will outgrow the adenoids (without drugs and operations). So, who will give a full guarantee?