Burning pain in abdomen. Cramps in the abdomen: causes and treatment. Cutting pains as a symptom of diseases. Pain in the genitourinary system

Acute abdominal pain is one of the most common clinical manifestations, characteristic of both a child and adults. Ignoring the symptom can lead to irreparable consequences, but the prognosis depends entirely on the etiological factor.

Pathologies of the digestive tract organs most often act as a provocateur. The second place among the causes is occupied by diseases of the genitourinary system. There are a number of sources in which discomfort in the left side of the abdomen is non-pathological in nature.

A sharp stabbing soreness in the abdomen is not the only sign. The symptomatic picture will always be dictated by the disease provocateur, but the most commonly observed are diarrhea and problems with urination and deterioration in general well-being.

Only the clinician is engaged in diagnosing - to identify the cause of the ailment, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the data of laboratory tests and instrumental examinations. A thorough physical examination plays an important role in the diagnosis.

In the treatment of pain with localization in the abdomen, conservative methods are used: taking medications, physiotherapy, folk remedies and other therapeutic methods.

Etiology

Acute abdominal pain is the response of the human body to the influence of one or another adverse factor, which can be both pathological and not related to diseases.

inflammation of the appendage of the caecum or appendix;
or inflammation of the abdominal cavity;
congenital, acquired or postoperative hernia, especially with infringement;
peptic ulcer affecting the duodenum or stomach;
exacerbation;
any nature;
, which most often develops with cholecystitis;
relapse;
a wide range of intestinal infections.

The next in frequency of diagnosis are diseases of the genitourinary system of the female and male. This group of provocateurs combines the following pathologies:

urolithiasis disease;
urethritis;
cystitis;
inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tubes or ovaries;
apoplexy and ovarian rupture;
adnexitis and endometritis;
tubal abortion;
ectopic pregnancy;
prostatitis;
the course of the inflammatory process in the penis, head, testicles or spermatic cords;
cystic, benign and malignant neoplasms.

Less commonly, the causes of malaise can be associated with such problems:

infarction or abscess of the spleen;
abdominal type of myocardial infarction;
pneumonia;
pleurisy;
insufficiency of the right ventricle of the heart;
any form of arrhythmia;
malignant hypertension;
ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm.

The localization of the pain syndrome may indicate a predisposing factor. For example, acute pain in the abdomen on the left in the lower part is provoked by:

diverticula of the sigmoid colon;
infringement of the inguinal hernia, located on the left side;
perforation of the descending colon;
pyelonephritis;
ectopic, i.e. tubal pregnancy;
renal colic;
endometriosis;
torsion of the legs of the ovarian cyst;
oncology of the spermatic cord in men.

Pain in the lower right abdomen may indicate the following pathologies:

mesadenitis;
mechanical obstruction of the intestine;
infringement of a right-sided hernia that has arisen in the groin area;
entry of a foreign object into the intestine;
perforation of an ulcer of the duodenum or stomach;
perforation of the caecum;
kidney anomalies;
adnexitis;
pyosalpinx;
rupture of the ovary or fallopian tube;
endometriosis;
pathological course of pregnancy;
aneurysm of the iliac artery.

The location of the focus of such pain in the navel is a sign:

pancreatic lesions;
intestinal obstruction;
early stage of appendicitis formation;
thrombosis of mesenteric vessels;
intestinal infarction;
umbilical hernia;
diverticulitis;
enteritis;
inversion of the greater omentum;
leukemia;
uremia.

Cutting pain in the epigastric zone often indicates a leak in the human body:

myocardial infarction;
inflammatory lesions of the pericardium;
gastritis in any form;
neoplasms in the stomach;
chest injury;
inflammation or swelling in the pancreas.

Pain in the upper abdomen on the right side is most often provoked by:

right-sided lower lobe pneumonia;
fractures or injuries of the lower ribs;
lung infarction;
pulmonary embolism;
liver injury;
any form of hepatitis;
abscess in the liver;
hepatic colic;
pancreatic cancer;
exacerbation or perforation of a duodenal ulcer;
pyelonephritis;
pericarditis;
retrocecal position of the appendix;
angina;
shingles;
subphrenic abscess.

Acute often develops against the background of:

inflammation of the left lung;
fractures of the lower ribs;
gastritis;
oncology or benign tumors of the stomach;
damage to the tail of the pancreas;
stomach ulcers;
pancreatitis;
hepatic colic;
pyelonephritis.

Physiological causes of pain formation:

lack of diet;
drug overdose;
excessively high body weight;
long-term addiction to alcohol and nicotine;
prolonged exposure to stressful situations;
intense physical activity;
professional heavy sports.

Pain in the lower abdomen during pregnancy is not uncommon and is often quite harmless in nature - it occurs against the background of an increase in the size of the uterus and the active growth of the fetus inside the womb. However, this does not mean at all that the pain syndrome cannot indicate the course of a particular pathology - in any case, you need to seek qualified help.

Classification

Acute in the lower abdomen (or any other localization on the anterior wall of the abdominal cavity) happens:

somatic - a consequence of the defeat of somatic receptors located in the peritoneum, a person can accurately point to the focus of pain, is characterized by constancy;
visceral - the response of the human body to irritation of the walls of any internal organ, patients often cannot determine the localization of pain, since pain is felt not only in the damaged organ, but also in other areas of the abdominal cavity;
reflected - irradiation of pain, the focus of which is not located in the abdominal region.

Symptoms

Acute pain in the lower abdomen or other area of the anterior wall of the abdominal cavity in most situations is the first, but far from the only clinical manifestation. It is extremely rare that such pain sensations are solitary and are periodic.

Against the background of the main symptom, a large number of other symptoms occur, which are dictated by the etiological factor. Clinicians identify a number of symptoms that almost always accompany pain in the abdomen.

Additional signs are:

pallor of the skin - cyanosis of the skin is noted in children;
lack of gas discharge or, conversely, increased gas formation;
stool disorder - often patients complain of, however, constipation may also occur;
increased respiratory rate and heart rate;
fluctuations in blood pressure and temperature;
persistent nausea with bouts of vomiting;
forced body position - to reduce the intensity of pain, often knee-elbow or "fetal position";
the release of a large amount of cold sweat;
problems with emptying the bladder;
severe weakness and fatigue;
pain and discomfort during the emission of urine;
bouts of severe dizziness;
and shortness of breath;
the appearance of a characteristic rumbling;
violation of the cycle of menstruation;
abnormal discharge from the vagina or urethra;
delayed or premature ejaculation;
bouts of loss of consciousness;
and weight loss;
decrease in working capacity;
painful shock.

The symptomatic picture, as well as the causes of abdominal pain, applies to both adult patients and children.

Diagnostics

If a person is worried about acute symptoms, the presence of one or more additional signs is observed, it is necessary to seek medical help from a gastroenterologist as soon as possible.

The process of diagnosing is always complex and begins with activities carried out personally by the doctor:

studying the history of the disease - will make it possible to find out which disease became the trigger and led to the formation of pain;
collection and analysis of life history - to confirm the fact of the influence of one or another physiological factor;
percussion and palpation of the anterior wall of the peritoneum - will allow you to accurately determine the focus of pain;
study of the condition of the skin;
measurement of blood pressure and pulse, heart rate and temperature;
a detailed survey of the patient - to obtain a complete picture of the doctor regarding the symptomatic picture.

Only after this can auxiliary diagnostic procedures be carried out, including:

blood chemistry;
microscopic examination of feces;
general clinical analysis of urine and blood;
gastroscopy and ultrasonography;
radiography of the chest and abdominal organs;
colonoscopy;
sigmoidoscopy;
endoscopic biopsy;
daily monitoring of blood pressure.

If after that it was not possible to establish a provoking factor why there was an acute pain in the left side of the lower abdomen (or in any other area of \u200b\u200bthe peritoneum), the gastroenterologist can refer the patient for additional examinations to specialists from narrow fields of medicine. Depending on which doctor the patient gets to, specific laboratory and instrumental procedures will be prescribed.

Treatment

Only after the etiological factor is established, the clinician will draw up an individual pain management scheme on an individual basis.

Treatment is based on such conservative therapeutic methods:

the use of drugs - tablets are taken strictly according to the daily dosage indicated by the doctor and the prescribed course;
dieting;
physiotherapy;
course of therapeutic massage;
performing therapeutic exercises;
homeopathy;
the use of folk recipes - should be done only after consulting with a specialist.

Medical treatment consists of taking:

antibacterial agents;
analgesics and antispasmodics;
NSAIDs;
immunomodulators;
drugs aimed at stopping concomitant symptoms;
mineral and vitamin complexes.

Another effective way to eliminate pain is physiotherapy.

Spasms, colic. The pain rolls in periods, then intensifies, then lets go. This happens due to too active intestinal motility. This happens from gases, an infectious process in the body, or a state of stress. Doctors also have such a term as an acute abdomen, the pain in this condition is severe, the whole abdomen hurts, the patient vomits, the muscles are tense, the temperature is often above 38 degrees. With an acute abdomen, suspicions of peritonitis, already ruptured appendicitis, pancreatitis are often justified. In no case do not give or take painkillers in this state, this will only blur the picture for the doctor. It is necessary to call an ambulance and indispensable hospitalization in a hospital. Ordinary appendicitis usually does not give such severe pain, on the contrary, it is dull and is usually localized on the lower right, the temperature rises slightly, vomiting can be single, and then become more frequent, but over time the patient's condition steadily worsens, and the stomach becomes acute.

Persistent abdominal pain. Such pain does not go away with time, it is constant, patients describe it as a sharp, stabbing, cutting pain from hunger. It is worth sounding the alarm right away, because the causes of these symptoms are pancreatitis, ulcers, inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, cholelithiasis. Chronic pain does not disappear completely, it can only subside for a while. If the pain in the abdomen does not go away, then you need to visit a doctor, because it directly depends on how early the diagnosis is made and treatment is prescribed. In order to make a more accurate diagnosis and understand the entire clinical picture, it is necessary to answer the following questions - can such pain be associated with food (before, after, from a certain type of food), what is the frequency of pain, their frequency, strength and localization, the nature of the pain (pulling, cutting, stabbing, pain like a burn), which helps to relieve pain.

neurotic pain. There is another group of abdominal pain - they are not associated with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, these are the so-called neurotic pains. The patient feels pain in those moments when he is tense, nervous, in a state of fear, stress. Typically, such pains are characterized as pulling, nausea often occurs. In such cases, it is necessary to consult a neurologist or psychotherapist. Such pain can accompany VSD (vegetative-vascular dystonia), various mental disorders.

Diagnostics

Where exactly the stomach hurts is one of the most important factors for diagnosing the cause of the disease. If it hurts at the top of the abdominal cavity, then most likely these are disorders in the esophagus, pancreas, large intestine, bile ducts, and liver.

Symptoms

Often, in addition to pain in the abdomen, this is also accompanied by diarrhea, vomiting, chills, and extreme sweating. Each of these additional symptoms give an indication of which function of the gastrointestinal tract is impaired. If the patient has a fever or chills, then suspicions will fall on infections in the intestines, abnormal color of urine (dark) or feces (light) accompanies the blockage of the biliary tract. Cramps, severe pain, black or bloody stool indicates serious internal bleeding, hospitalization is required!

Time is of the essence. If the pain lasts no more than a minute, then you should not worry, this is not a reason for excitement. But if the pain does not go away for several hours or even days, then this is an important reason for visiting a doctor and undergoing a medical examination.

Treatment of various abdominal pains

Pain in the abdomen gives a lot of discomfort, it is a common complaint in both children and adults. To determine the source of pain, you need to determine most accurately the place where the pain comes from. The abdominal area combines different organs, the stomach, intestines, liver, female organs, each organ hurts in its own way. A clear definition of the place of pain will help with understanding the causes, their treatment and elimination. The causes of pain can be very different, from simple indigestion to serious pathologies. Pain lasting from one to 5 minutes once, as a rule, does not pose a serious danger. But, if these are periodic pains, sharp, aching, then do not delay calling a doctor or an ambulance. Often with pain in the abdomen, folk remedies can help.

Abdominal pain with appendicitis

Abdominal pain is often associated with appendicitis, and if someone complains about it to us, then the first question is - what if the appendix has become inflamed? Pain in appendicitis is usually localized in the right side of the abdomen, near the navel or slightly below it. Sometimes it happens that during an attack of appendicitis, the pain does not bother at first, and then, if peritonitis begins to develop, the pain takes on a diffuse character. Pain is usually acute with appendicitis, although for some it is exactly the opposite. How to diagnose - what kind of pain is it? When you press on the stomach, the pain subsides, and if the fingers are abruptly released, it greatly intensifies. At the slightest suspicion of appendicitis, call an ambulance immediately!

Pain when overeating

Pain from overeating occurs when incompatible foods that produce gas enter the stomach. This irritates the lining of the internal organs and causes pain.
Main symptoms these are bloating, heaviness, sharp minute pains associated with the movement of gases through the intestines, decreased performance, drowsiness.
Taking drugs such as Mezim will help to cope with overeating, Espumisan with the problem of excessive gas formation, and Motillium will cope with a feeling of heaviness and nausea.

Folk recipes: brew 1 leaf with one glass of boiling water, leave for up to 5 minutes and drink. This will help relieve bloating.

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Pain from poisoning

Often the stomach hurts due to poisoning or intestinal infection. The appearance of pain is affected by low-quality or expired products, toxic substances.
Symptoms appears after two hours in the form of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, temperature up to 40 degrees. The pain is very strong, cutting, spread throughout the abdomen.
It is very important to quickly flush the stomach. Be sure to take plenty of fluids, the drug "Regidron".

Folk recipes: two tbsp. Spoons of flax seed pour 500 ml of boiling water, insist for 15 minutes and strain. Drink three times a day. Linen has absorbent properties, absorbs all harmful substances.

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Ordinary starch can serve as a coating agent for poisoning. Take 1 teaspoon of potato starch and a glass of warm water, stir and drink.

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Pain with gastritis and ulcers

If aching or sharp pain occurs after eating, in the upper part of the abdomen, and subsides after more than an hour, these are signs of gastritis, peptic ulcer. An accurate diagnosis will be made by the doctor after gastroscopy.
The cause of such pain is damage to the gastric mucosa and its inflammation, which occurs against the background of malnutrition, smoking, drinking alcohol, or ingestion of the Helicobacter bacterium.
Symptoms pains are aching, sharp.
Treatment is carried out by prescribing diets, medications, including regulating the acidity of the stomach.

A sharp pain in the stomach is the first signal that a failure has occurred in the body and the digestive system requires attention. If such a symptom appears, you should definitely consult a doctor so as not to aggravate the situation and not to transfer the problem to the stage of a chronic disease. You need to contact as soon as the stomach hurts.

Causes of sharp pain

Experts identify the main causes that can provoke unpleasant abdominal pain with rather painful cramps.

Ulcer of the stomach and duodenum

These are the main causes of severe pain. If such a disease is present, then all pain sensations are localized in the upper abdomen. As a rule, discomfort is felt almost immediately after eating. Doctors explain the discomfort quite simply. To digest food, the motor activity of the stomach must increase, the amount of gastric juice will increase, and this will lead to an increase in acidity, frequent belching appears. Peptic ulcer is manifested by sharp pain, it can occur not only after eating, but also on an empty stomach. Nighttime snacks or even a glass of water can cause the same effects. Regular consumption of rough food also provokes pain.

Pyloric stenosis

Sharp pain in the abdomen occurs with pyloric stenosis. The disease occurs as a result of peptic ulcer, there is a narrowing of the transition from the stomach to the duodenum. To digest food, the motor activity of the upper part of the stomach increases, which leads to the appearance of cramping sensations and unpleasant belching. A person feels heaviness, even after eating a small amount of food. As a rule, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and fever can be observed. Almost everyone feels relief after vomiting, the feeling of overeating and heaviness goes away. Also, after that, the temperature may drop.

Ulcer perforation

This is another reason for sharp pain. The pain can even be girdle, the temperature rises, because with such a disease, through the through deformation of the wall of the duodenum, the internal filling of the organs or the stomach penetrates into the internal abdominal cavity. Often the girdle pain is so severe that the person loses consciousness. Sometimes peritonitis is possible. Severe, girdle pain may be accompanied by diarrhea and nausea. A sharp tension of a part of the muscles persists almost all the time, and if nothing is done, then purulent fistulas may begin to appear in the abdomen.

Acute pancreatitis

The disease in the acute stage causes not only girdle pain in the abdomen, its upper region, but also a state close to loss of consciousness, a high temperature is observed, pain spasms radiate to the back. Bloating, diarrhea, belching during an exacerbation is observed in almost everyone who is faced with such a disease. The onset of the exacerbation stage may go unnoticed, but gradually palpation of a part of the abdominal muscles becomes painful, strong tension is felt, spasms can be cramping. A sharp exacerbation can be fatal. It is forbidden to do something on your own, you need to call a doctor.

Chronic pancreatitis

Accompanied by severe pain in the abdomen, most often attacks begin at night. And also discomfort occurs after eating heavy, cold or very hot food, there may be painful belching. The diet will lead to weight loss, and the causes of malaise will remain in place.

With thrombosis and embolism of intestinal vessels

There is a sharp pain in the upper abdomen. For many, blood pressure drops sharply, belching, nausea are observed, diarrhea with blood may begin, the temperature rises or falls. The abdomen swells sharply, after which there is a lesion in the region of the anterior abdominal wall.

All these diseases, their causes and painful attacks are forbidden to be removed on their own, this can lead to serious consequences. Doctors advise not only not to drink analgesics, but also to call an ambulance as soon as possible, if possible, collect vomit and stool, which will be required for detailed analyzes.

External factors that negatively affect the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract

Very often, a combination of chronic or developing diseases and external negative factors lead to serious consequences that can only be cured with medication. Experts have identified a number of main reasons that can cause a malfunction of the digestive system and the occurrence of abdominal pain.

A strong stressful situation quickly affects the well-being of a person. Severe nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, unpleasant belching and high fever can only occur against the background of strong feelings. The person has a feeling of heaviness in the upper part of the stomach, even if he has not eaten anything. Experts advise to immediately exclude stress factors and then carefully examine the pancreas, the failure of which can cause such a condition. You can drink a medicine that helps relieve pain and restore the digestive system, change the diet, removing all harmful foods from it. A doctor's consultation must also be present.
The reasons why digestive problems may occur are hidden in the use of low-quality, expired products. The inflammatory process of the upper mucous membrane of the stomach begins, which accompanies vomiting, diarrhea, pain spasms even give back. Pain can be throughout the stomach, a separate part or in the back, it all depends on the severity of the poisoning.
Long-term adherence to a strict diet or even starvation are the reasons that are most negatively displayed on the work of the digestive system. As soon as the minimum amount of food enters the stomach, it begins to be processed, too much gastric juice is released. There is girdle pain in the abdomen, mainly in the upper region, the body temperature rises. Frequent overeating has the same consequences, discomfort is observed in almost every area of the stomach and even the back.
Regular excessive loads provoke pain in the abdomen or its upper part, and radiate to the back.
Various mechanical injuries of the internal organs are accompanied by pain in the stomach, fever may be observed.
Prolonged and excessive use of various medications irritates the gastric mucosa, resulting in discomfort before or after eating, localized in the upper part.
Regular pain in the upper region of the stomach, diarrhea, vomiting, belching are a direct consequence of diseases of the digestive system. Discomfort occurs in almost the entire body, there may be painful attacks that are localized not only in the abdomen, but also give to the back.

Correct actions for stomach pain

The characteristic symptoms of a disease of the digestive tract are nausea, diarrhea, vomiting and a sharp girdle pain that radiates to different parts of the stomach. Sometimes all this occurs regardless of the meal. Almost every person has experienced such a condition, so you should know the rules and sequence of actions to make you feel better.

If the malaise occurs frequently and there is already experience with drug treatment, then you can first take an anesthetic or antispasmodic, before washing the stomach from food - this will relieve tension and pain. As soon as the desired relief comes, you can analyze the situation in detail and, if necessary, immediately consult a doctor.

Pain in one area can be the cause of several diseases. Spasms can radiate to the back during ovarian spasms, as well as with renal colic, pancreatitis. If this situation arose for the first time, doing something on your own, taking painkillers is prohibited, this will prevent the doctor from making a correct diagnosis.
Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, which speak of banal poisoning, can actually be an infectious disease, and if you take one tablet of an antibiotic, the cause of the ailment will not go away, and the condition will be relieved only for a short time.

Medical examination

At the first examination, the doctor palpates not only different parts of the abdomen, but also the back, in order to determine exactly in which area the pain is spreading. After the initial collection of information from the patient, the necessary tests are prescribed to help complete the clinical picture and make the correct diagnosis. The doctor needs to tell if there is diarrhea or constipation, what color is the stool, and what temperature is observed during the period of malaise. All this is very important.

First you need to contact a gastroenterologist, he can refer you to a surgeon for examination. The patient must undergo all the necessary examination of the abdominal organs, computed tomography and gastroscopy, if necessary, examine the back. On the basis of the received researches the scheme of medicamentous treatment is developed.

Prevention measures

Compliance with a strict diet, eating healthy food is necessary for any disease of the gastrointestinal tract. The doctor will give certain recommendations that you need to follow, this will help relieve pain. You can also independently identify products, after the use of which pain occurs in different parts of the abdomen and eliminate them completely.

All junk food, including alcohol and carbonated drinks, is also excluded from the diet. You need to eat 4-6 times a day in small portions. Sour fruits and berries are also forbidden to use, they irritate the walls of the stomach, provoking inflammatory processes.

It is best to start cooking steam dishes, meat and fish can be baked with a minimum amount of salt and without seasonings, or simply boiled. Do not drink water or other beverages while eating.

Regular visits to the gym and therapeutic exercises will be beneficial for the whole body. It will turn out to strengthen the abdominal muscles, relieve unnecessary tension, pump up the back. You can also do simple, healthy exercises at home.

Drug treatment must be in compliance with the schedule drawn up by the doctor. If there are the slightest side effects, the temperature rises, you need to go for a consultation. It is forbidden to change the dose of the drug or cancel the medication on your own.

Sharp pain in the abdomen can go away after taking painkillers, and can lead to a serious problem. Attentive attitude to your health is the key to good health and good mood.

Other causes of pain in the abdomen

With acute and sharp cutting pains, an ulcer can be detected.

Cutting pains do not always lead to terrible consequences, but in any case, this is a serious symptom that hints at pathological processes in the body. In a healthy person, such sensations are extremely rare. There are several reasons why pain may occur:

With frequent manifestations of abdominal pain, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Cutting pains in the abdomen caused by a disease are almost always accompanied by other symptoms. If the pain itself appears regularly or does not go away for a long time, you should consult a doctor for help. Cramps in the abdomen may be accompanied by nausea, chills, weakness.

All this indicates an inflammatory process in the body (gastritis, pancreatitis, appendicitis). It may also appear. Since the symptoms of many inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are similar, only a doctor can diagnose and prescribe treatment.

It is imperative to call an ambulance if, before the appearance of pain in the abdomen, the patient had an operation on the gastrointestinal tract or any serious one. Especially you need to be careful when diagnosing an "ulcer".

Before contacting a doctor, it is important to remember and determine in which particular part of the abdomen there were pains, how intense they were on a scale from 1 to 10, when exactly they occur - during sleep, before or after eating, while walking, etc.

It should be remembered that with appendicitis, cutting pain is not immediately localized in the right side. At first, it spreads throughout the abdomen, while it is not necessarily unbearably strong. It may subside or intensify, but it does not completely disappear.

If suddenly and abruptly it became painless, this is a bad sign that requires urgent hospitalization. In addition to pain with appendicitis, nausea, vomiting, and lack of appetite appear. This can be misleading, and appendicitis is mistaken for banal food poisoning.

If, in addition to everything, there is a prolonged incessant, nausea, high fever, one can suspect. If the pain syndrome is associated with the female reproductive system, other signs will also appear, for example, bleeding, heavy discharge with streaks of blood, or, conversely, long delays in menstruation.

During the perforation of the ulcer, cutting pain occurs suddenly and does not let go. It can subside and grow, but completely does not pass. First, abdominal pain makes a person sweat, immobilizes him, he begins to vomit, his pulse weakens.

It is necessary to call an ambulance at this stage, as the next one can lead to death. In the second stage, there is a dangerous relief, which indicates a breakthrough of the ulcer. Then the inflammatory process begins.

Treatment of cutting pains. First aid.

For any acute pain, you should immediately contact a gastroenterologist.

Only a doctor should treat the disease. All medicines and procedures are prescribed after a thorough examination and setting. The best thing to do in this situation for the patient is to call an ambulance.

Before the ambulance arrives, you need to put him to bed, apply cold to his stomach. In no case should you heat and take hot baths. If the problem is in the appendix, it may rupture. Do not give the patient anything to eat, even if he has not eaten for a long time.

Before making a diagnosis or before the arrival of an ambulance, you do not need to take such emergency measures as gastric lavage or cleansing. This can only aggravate the situation of the patient. Cramps in the abdomen are rarely caused by constipation, so an enema will not give the desired effect. When it comes to chemical poisoning, the enema can be life-threatening. It is necessary to try to adequately assess the situation and not hesitate to contact a doctor.

If an ambulance is on its way, there is no need to take anything other than the three main items - hunger, rest and cold. Severe cases are treated in a hospital. Some diseases that cause cutting pains in the abdomen cannot be cured without surgery. These include appendicitis, ulcer perforation, ectopic pregnancy, and sometimes acute pancreatitis. In no case should you take decoctions of herbs to improve well-being. Folk recipes will not help solve the problem. The cause of the pain needs to be treated.

With abdominal pain, they usually turn to. If the pain is caused by gastritis and a non-perforated ulcer, the doctor will definitely prescribe a diet, as well as enveloping drugs that protect the walls of the stomach from damage and relieve various symptoms of the disease.

With an ulcer, a spicy dish or can cause severe pain. Very often, the cause of gastritis and ulcers is the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. Its aggressive destructive effect on the stomach causes pain. It is very difficult to cure it, the bacterium is quite resistant to various drugs.

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A real torment can be a situation when the stomach hurts for a week. In such a situation, it is necessary to seek help from a qualified doctor as soon as possible, but this is not always realistic - for example, a person may be far from civilization. A difficult situation develops when a tourist falls ill in another country and access to local doctors is not only expensive, but also difficult due to the language barrier.

Should I be worried?

If the stomach hurts a lot, this probably indicates a serious illness, and it is difficult to predict which one it is - such symptoms are characteristic of a wide list of pathologies. It is not always the pain of the stomach that manifests itself with pain, the pathology can be completely different, only pointing to itself through this symptom. To understand what the reason is, you need to go to the doctor and describe in as much detail as possible what kind of pain syndrome you are worried about. It is by the peculiarities of sensations that it is often possible to significantly limit the list of possible states of the patient.

If the stomach of a child or an adult is in acute pain, an ulcer is possible. In such a situation, the sensations are sudden, sharp, very strong. The same goes for pancreatitis. Strong and sharp pain is possible with a chemical burn, poisoning. Sometimes patients describe the sensations, comparing them to a knife wound. This is more typical of ulcer perforation. A peptic ulcer can manifest itself as a burning sensation. The same is true for gastritis. The initial, chronic form of these pathologies often manifests itself as aching pain, dull, exhausting.

What to pay attention to?

If the pain becomes stronger after eating or in a hungry state, it is highly likely that the cause is gastritis. Cramps, discomfort, reminiscent of contractions, may indicate an ulcer or inflammation in the intestines. The syndrome is activated more often during a night's rest or shortly after a meal (after an hour or several). It also happens that the pain is sharp, but quickly passes, as if shooting, and the duration of the attack is a few seconds. More often this is characteristic of inhalation or when changing the position of the body. The reason is in the spasmodic reactions of the diaphragm, provoked by insufficient blood flow, inflammatory processes.

If the stomach hurts in a woman, a man, the sensations are weak, aching, do not stop for a long time, there is a high probability of a malignant neoplasm. Similar symptoms manifest themselves as gastric polyps. If metastases penetrate the pancreas, the nature of the pain changes to girdle. But infection can be suspected by the pain of a high degree of saturation, reminiscent of contractions. Colitis and other bowel diseases often manifest themselves first as a severe pain syndrome in the upper abdomen. After a couple of days, the pain becomes weaker, but does not completely disappear. Observing such symptoms, it is necessary to make an appointment with the doctor as soon as possible to formulate an accurate diagnosis.

Problems and manifestations

It is not always easy to understand why the stomach hurts. Pain in the abdomen of increased intensity, localized near the navel, lasting several hours, shifting to the abdomen on the right, slightly above the original area, suggests appendicitis.

In irritable bowel syndrome, the patient also suffers from stomach pain. Often the child has a stomach ache with intestinal obstruction. The syndrome is provoked by injuries, aortic dissection, vascular intestinal thrombosis and ischemia, and nervous pathologies. Perhaps the reason is an allergy.

Is it worth it to panic?

If pains are observed in the sides of the abdomen, at the bottom or at the top, for any nature of the sensations, you should make an appointment with the doctor as soon as possible. Pathologies that manifest themselves as such sensations are, for the most part, quite serious, and medical care is needed very urgently. For example, survival in appendicitis, ulcerative perforation, intoxication, ischemia directly depends on how quickly the patient was helped. Sometimes it is not a question of hours, but of minutes, delay can lead to the most negative results. If the pain is very severe, there is no way to go to the hospital, you need to call an ambulance.

What to do?

Feeling pain in the lower abdomen (and with any other localization), it is necessary to get an appointment with the doctor as soon as possible. Self-medication with such sensations is strictly prohibited, there is a high probability of worsening the situation up to death. Even an experienced qualified doctor cannot always clearly articulate only during the initial examination what is the cause of the pain syndrome.

The primary care that can be provided for pain in the lower abdomen (and other localization) is limited to a rather small set of measures. You should call an ambulance or go to the clinic if the condition allows, and for relief, you can take a spasm reliever or painkiller. If heartburn occurs, special drugs from the antacid group will come to the rescue - they lower the level of acidity. Help can be provided by drugs that stop the secretory function - thanks to them, acid will be produced in a smaller volume. It must be understood that sometimes such measures are not effective, since heartburn is provoked by various factors. There is a risk of worsening the condition when using these groups of drugs.

What will help me?

If there are abdominal pains (in women, men), it is necessary to use medications very carefully - their intake is associated with a considerable risk. The influence of such a remedy can significantly change the symptoms of the disease, which will complicate the diagnosis for the doctor. The most modern means are really effective, their use allows you to stop the pain syndrome, and the duration of action is often quite long, so the patient believes that he has recovered. This opinion is erroneous, the absence of symptoms does not indicate the disappearance of the root cause. Resorting to an anesthetic, without going to the doctor, the patient is wasting his time. Elimination of the effect does not stop the cause, and the condition gradually worsens.

It is generally accepted that abdominal pain can be eliminated with a heating pad. With the exception of some specific cases, this method of solving the problem is strictly prohibited. For example, if the cause of the syndrome is inflammation associated with the separation of pus, additional heating will significantly worsen the patient's condition. A heating pad will also have a strong negative effect on internal bleeding. The disease will progress faster, the condition worsens rapidly.

What to tell the doctor?

Having got to see a doctor, waiting for the arrival of an ambulance, you should describe your condition in as much detail as possible. To begin with, they localize sensations, say, for example, that the lower abdomen hurts (or upper, right, left). The better the doctor will imagine what the patient feels, the more effectively he will help. It would not be superfluous to remember what circumstances preceded the appearance of sensations - what was eaten, done, at what time of the day the pain arose, how much time had passed since the last meal. The doctor should be aware of the nature of the sensations, how strong they are, whether the focus is shifting, how the syndrome is corrected over time.

In order for the doctor to be able to establish as accurately as possible why abdominal pain is bothering, the patient should remember everything eaten in the last couple of days. This applies to both food and all drinks, as well as medicines, including vitamins, biological supplements. If there are additional symptoms, it should also be voiced as accurately as possible. Doctors are informed if the pain was accompanied by nausea, stool disorders, vomiting, bleeding, gas formation, belching. Sometimes there is an additional rash, fever, dizziness, heart rhythm is lost. This should also be reported to the doctor in order to formulate an accurate diagnosis.

What is important?

If you are concerned about abdominal pain, information about the accompanying pain syndrome, for example, in muscle tissue or joints, will help the doctor make a correct diagnosis. If the patient has recently experienced natural, pathological changes in health, this should also be warned. Important nuances include menopause, childbirth, feeding a child, bearing a fetus. Diseases, nervous experiences, overwork, a sudden change in weight - all this will help the doctor determine what is the cause of the pain syndrome. Anxiety, depression, lifestyle adjustments can play a role.

In order for the doctor to quickly determine what all the important information needs to be submitted in a systematic way. When going to an appointment at a clinic or waiting for an ambulance to arrive, you need to think through all the important aspects, you can even write them down on paper so that nothing escapes your attention.

Correct diagnosis

Just knowing that the lower abdomen hurts, no pathology can be established. Correct diagnosis is a complex undertaking. First, the doctor collects an anamnesis, interviewing the patient, examining him externally, palpation, listening to the heart and lungs. Based on the information received, a preliminary diagnosis is formulated and which instrumental, laboratory tests are needed to clarify the condition. Usually prescribe a test of urine, feces, blood, gastric juice. In order for the results to be as accurate as possible, ultrasound, CT, MRI, and a contrast x-ray are prescribed.

These measures in most cases make it possible to understand why pain in the lower abdomen developed in women, men (as well as in other localization options). In rare cases, there is a need for additional measures, for example, laparoscopy. This is a technology for examining the insides of a person through a small probe inserted through an incision into the internal organs. The probe is equipped with a camera that transmits the image to the monitor, where the material is recorded.

How to treat?

If the stomach hurts (during pregnancy, during menstruation, at any other time), the treatment should be selected, focusing on the causes that provoked the sensations, which means that only a doctor can choose adequate measures of influence. However, some well-known and widely applicable techniques are worth considering.

Heartburn

Pain in this condition is often felt in the upper abdomen, near the sternum, a little behind. The syndrome is provoked by the ingestion of substances in the stomach into the esophagus. This is most often observed shortly before a meal. Heartburn is not an independent disease, but only signals other pathologies. Perhaps the cause is gastritis, peptic ulcer, cholecystitis. To determine a specific source, it is necessary to undergo a specialized study.

As can be seen from medical statistics, people often take manifestations of cardiac pathology for heartburn. Such pain in the abdomen can be given angina pectoris, high blood pressure. Symptoms, despite all the similarities, have nothing to do with the digestive system. To get rid of heartburn, you should treat the underlying disease, as well as switch to the right diet, eating food up to five times daily in small quantities. Spicy, fatty, alcohol, spices, smoked, salted, carbonated, legumes are completely prohibited. You can not eat foods rich in fiber.

Appendicitis

Sometimes severe pain in the lower abdomen in women, men is provoked by inflammation of the appendix. This pathology develops very quickly, and the best results are brought by timely treatment. At present, appendicitis is one of the most common problems that people come to the emergency department to see surgeons. At the very beginning, this disease can easily be cured with medications, no surgery is required, but many simply do not pay attention to the symptoms, so you have to go through the operation. However, the forecasts are mostly favorable. Often, patients seek medical help a day after the onset of the acute phase and even later. Slightly less than one percent of such situations end in death.

If your stomach hurts during pregnancy due to appendicitis, you should seek qualified help without delay. It must be remembered that the disease progresses very quickly, only three days are needed from the initial manifestation to gangrenous foci. Symptoms are often blurred, a fifth of all patients, even with tissue necrosis, feel only mild pain, which they do not pay attention to until the situation becomes critical.

Responsibility is the key to health

If the stomach hurts during menstruation, while carrying a fetus, suddenly, without any obvious reasons, you should seek specialized help as soon as possible. Delay in such a situation can end in failure, especially if the cause is toxicosis, peptic ulcer, infection. Cases of death provoked by such reasons are known.

Sometimes discomfort indicates only minor malfunctions in the body, but it is possible that very serious pathologies manifest themselves. For a non-specialist, it is not possible to determine what is the matter only by the symptoms, there is too much in common for different causes. Pain cannot be ignored. A reasonable and responsible approach is a timely visit to a qualified doctor.

Gastritis

This term is used to denote inflammatory processes that affect the mucous membranes of the gastric system. The cause of gastritis can be frequent and severe stress, adversely affecting colonies of microorganisms, metabolic problems, infectious diseases. Often, alcohol abuse, prolonged use of drugs leads to gastritis. Among the most common causes are autoimmune pathologies. Gastritis itself can provoke a stomach ulcer. When eliminating the symptoms of such a pathology, it is forbidden to use aspirin, ibuprofen. Despite the high effectiveness of these drugs as painkillers for this situation, they are not applicable, since they negatively affect the gastrointestinal mucosa. But adsorbents enveloping can bring benefits. If the disease is associated with a bacterial infection, the doctor will prescribe a course of antimicrobial medications.

An important aspect of the fight against pain caused by gastritis is strict adherence to a therapeutic diet. Normally, the patient is forbidden to eat salty, fried, spicy, fiber, any foods that stimulate fermentation. You can not drink milk, eat products based on it, bread and similar dishes. The ban is also imposed on a number of fruits, in particular grapes.