Allergic rashes in children. Allergies in children, photos of various rashes: causes, types and treatment. Skin rashes due to urticaria

Often in the first year of life, children experience a skin rash. Certain rashes are physiological, while others force parents to become regular visitors to the pediatrician's office.

A competent specialist will always distinguish allergic manifestations from infectious diseases, help adjust the baby’s lifestyle and select effective therapy. We invite you to talk about allergic rashes, its manifestations, causes and treatment methods.

Allergic rash on the body of a child

In infants, the immune system is not yet fully developed, so the slightest contact with an irritant may cause a negative reaction from the body. It should be noted that allergies can appear immediately or after the accumulation of the allergen.

Causes of allergic rash:

Breast milk contains an allergen. If a breastfeeding woman does not adhere to a special diet, then there is a risk of rashes in the baby.
When introducing complementary foods to infants from 6 months, the product caused an allergic reaction. In this case, the mother can quickly determine that we are an irritant and eliminate contact with him.
Use of household chemicals and cosmetics for babies. Even a product labeled “hypoallergenic” can cause a rash.
Taking medications. Any medication can cause a negative reaction, so be careful when giving your baby vitamins, antivirals, syrups and antibiotics.
Other factors include frost, ultraviolet rays, insect bites, dust, tobacco smoke, animals or pollen.

It is worth noting that the following factors can cause an allergic rash:

During pregnancy, the woman had toxicosis.
The expectant mother did not monitor her diet while carrying the baby.
Early breast refusal or other reasons for switching to artificial formula.
The newborn suffered from a severe viral infection.
Weak immunity.
Autoimmune pathologies.
Bad environment.
Genetic predisposition.

What is an allergy rash in children?

Symptoms:

Acne on the legs, forearms, groin, stomach and cheeks.
Crimson blisters.
White blisters with a red border are a sign of severe giant urticaria.
Skin itching and burning.
Serous wells in eczema.
Red spots may crust over.
Seborrheic scales in the scalp and eyebrows.
Increase in temperature.
Attachment of a fungal or bacterial infection when scratching.

An allergic rash in infants can be located on various parts of the body. Depending on the type of allergen, there are the following types of rash:

Small cavity with pus inside ( pustule).
A lump rises above the skin - plaque.
Papule– a pimple approximately 5 mm in diameter that can be felt. There is no emptiness.
Spot- an area of skin that has a bright red color. There are no compactions on palpation.
Cavity with liquid, about 0.5 cm in size (vesicle), if the diameter is larger, then it is a bubble.

Additional signs:

Tearing.
Redness of the nasal passages.
Sneezing.
Transparent snot.
Cough and wheezing.
Nausea.
Frequent regurgitation.
Colic.
Bloating.
Poor sleep and moodiness.
A dangerous symptom is swelling of the throat, cheeks and lips. In such a situation, call an ambulance immediately.

At the slightest manifestation of an allergy, you should immediately contact your pediatrician.

What does an allergic rash in children look like in the photo?

Experts highlight:

Dermatitis.
Diathesis of exudative type.
Hives.

Let's take a look at each type of allergic rash.

Dermatitis

During the disease, inflammation of the skin is observed. Varieties:

Contact – develops upon contact with an irritant. If a child scratches the rash, it may become infected with pathogenic bacteria.
Atopic dermatitis - scarlet crusts with ichor. The treatment is quite complex, long and requires constant monitoring by an allergist.

Infants from 6 to 1 year of age are susceptible. Symptoms:

Itchy lesions with fluid.
Bad dream.
Irritability.
After a while, the inflamed areas dry out and become covered with an itchy crust.

Parents should ensure that the child does not scratch the wounds, as they can become infected. In case of serious pathology, the lesion affects deep tissues, affects the nervous system, and the baby’s condition becomes critical.

Hives

The most common type of allergic rash. Forms of the disease:

Easy.
Average.
Heavy.

If you have a small child, then an antihistamine must be present in your first aid kit. Because allergies can be caused by any substance.

How to apply to a child's allergic rash?

Treatment of rashes on the skin of an infant begins with a visit to a pediatrician, pediatric dermatologist and allergist.

Main stages of therapy:

Eliminating contact with the allergen.
Nutrition control.
Selection of medicines.
Using traditional methods.

Drug treatment

What medicine can be used? To eliminate an allergic rash in a baby, a specialist may prescribe:

Antihistamines - Suprastin, Fenistil, Citrine, Erius and others. The medicine is selected depending on the irritant and the age of the child.
Ointments and creams for topical application. Most often, the rash is smeared with Bepanten, Vundehil and Fenistil.
Sorbents for removing toxins and allergic components from the body. Polysorb, Enterosgel and Laktofiltrum have proven their effectiveness.
Sedatives.
Corticosteroids are hormonal drugs that are required in severe cases of the disease.
Diuretic medicine – needed for severe swelling.

Traditional medicine

Used as an addition to the main treatment:

Baths with medicinal herbs: chamomile, calendula, string or sage.
Calendula decoction is given before meals, 1 tablespoon.
Nettle infusion.

The products can only be used with the permission of a doctor.

Preventive measures

Temper the baby.
Don't forget to walk in the fresh air.
Give vitamin-mineral complexes periodically.
Minimize the use of cosmetics and household chemicals.
Children's clothing should be made from natural fabrics.
Carry out wet cleaning daily.

Self-medication of an allergic rash can lead to worsening of the disease.

Children often develop skin rashes in the first years of life. Some of them are physiological norms, while others are allergic. A competent doctor will always be able to distinguish a normal rash from manifestations of allergies, help adjust the child’s lifestyle and prescribe appropriate treatment.

What is an allergic rash

If your child has a rash, you should first consult a pediatrician. Often, an allergic rash, especially in newborns, is confused with prickly heat, erythema, milia, hormonal bloom, etc. Rashes can also be accompanied by diseases such as chickenpox, roseola, measles, rubella, scarlet fever and many others. It is important to know what the rash looks like in one case or another and to distinguish between the symptoms of these diseases so as not to trigger their course. If the pediatrician finds it difficult to make a diagnosis, he can refer you to a dermatologist or infectious disease specialist if a viral disease is suspected.

An allergic rash can occur in both very young children and adolescents.

Diseases characterized by the appearance of an allergic rash:

atopic dermatitis;
contact dermatitis;
hives.

Rash in a child - video by Dr. Komarovsky

The mechanism of skin rashes

The blister is formed due to vasodilation due to the release of histamine by mast cells

When an allergen enters the human body, antibodies begin to be produced. They subsequently accumulate and attach to immune (mast) cells. When the allergen is re-entered and combines with antibodies and mast cells, histamine production begins, which leads to a characteristic reaction. Vasodilation occurs, swelling occurs, the skin may turn red and itch. This mechanism is called immune and is characteristic of urticaria or contact dermatitis.

The non-immune mechanism is characterized by the fact that mast cells release histamine as a result of certain drugs and other allergens entering the body. These external factors can directly affect immune cells:

The papillary layer of the dermis swells.
The capillaries expand.
Their walls become more permeable to blood elements.
A blister forms.

Causes and symptoms of allergic rashes

Atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis, or eczema, usually appears at two months of age and can bother a child up to three years of age. The reasons are, for example, food and household allergies, concomitant diseases, and genetic predisposition. This is a chronic skin disease - both exacerbations and periods of remission can occur.

Characteristic symptoms:

itching, burning, worse at night;
microvesicles and serous papules, when opened, erosions and crusts are formed;
weeping redness and painful cracks;
redness of the cheeks, forehead, chin;
ulcers, pimples;
bleeding when scratching.

Manifestations of atopic dermatitis - photo gallery

In children from two years of age, eczema appears on the flexor surfaces of the joints: in the popliteal areas, on the inner surfaces of the elbows, etc. The rash appears on the face and limbs in the form of redness and nodular rashes In children under two years of age, eczema is localized on the cheeks and outer sides of the limbs

Contact dermatitis

This type of rash appears in the place where there was contact with the allergen: clothing, household chemicals, cosmetics, plants, dust, pets, etc. The symptoms are similar to the general manifestations of an allergic reaction and disappear after contact with the allergen is eliminated. Signs of the disease:

redness of the skin, accompanied by swelling, itching - usually occurs on the back, legs and arms, and in the armpits;
the appearance of small bursting bubbles, after which erosions and crusts remain.

Sometimes the rash is accompanied by fever.

Contact dermatitis in photographs

Hives

The causes of urticaria can be food, medications, household chemicals, cosmetics, insect bites, frost or sun, etc. Symptoms may appear abruptly and also disappear abruptly after some time. Hives can appear on any part of the body, including the head, butt, and lips.

Characteristic symptoms:

redness and flat blisters;
itching, burning sensation.

Manifestations of urticaria in the photo

Diagnosis of skin allergies

Allergies can be diagnosed in the following ways:

Based on existing symptoms to preliminarily exclude a viral or bacterial disease.
Allergy tests. Not recommended for children under three years of age, as they are not informative at this age.
Immunological tests. Recommended for any age.
Differential diagnosis of diseases accompanied by various types of rashes.

Symptomatic

An allergic reaction can occur for many of the reasons mentioned earlier. In most cases, the cause of the rash is food, aeroallergens, cosmetics, household chemicals, and medications.

Allergies can manifest themselves in more than just a rash. The following signs may also be present:

lacrimation;
swelling of the skin around the eyes;
sneezing, runny nose;
gastrointestinal disorder (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, intestinal colic) due to taking medications or eating any foods;
wheezing in the lungs, cough (with respiratory allergies) due to inhalation of gases and dust;
anaphylactic shock (loss of consciousness, involuntary urination, shortness of breath, convulsions) due to an insect bite or taking medications.

It is not always possible to make a diagnosis based on the nature of the rash alone. The combination of all the symptoms will help to clarify the situation to a greater extent.

Allergy tests allow you to determine the exact cause of the rash.

Based on a blood test. The method is expensive and does not provide quick results.
Cutaneous and provocative. The allergen is introduced through the skin. The degree of inflammation is then assessed. Typically, 15–20 allergens are used. The test is painless.

Immunological tests

This diagnostic method is considered the safest and most informative. Venous blood is collected from the patient, after which the material is mixed with various allergens.

Differential

Often, an allergic rash can be confused with rashes resulting from an infectious disease. It is necessary to be able to distinguish between symptoms, and also not to trigger the disease, so that unpleasant consequences do not arise.

Features of non-allergic rashes of various origins - table

Cause of rash	Skin manifestations	Additional symptoms	Residual effects
Chickenpox (varicella)	Papulovesicular rash (ulcers).	Fever can occur when the rash appears suddenly. The general condition is not disturbed.	It disappears without a trace, but if a child scratches the rash, scars may remain.
Roseola (sudden exanthema)	Maculopapular rash (dense papules).	A sharp rise in temperature to 39–40 degrees. After 3-4 days it becomes normal and a rash appears. The rash appears first on the face, chest and abdomen, and then throughout the body. Possible enlargement of the mandibular lymph nodes.	Disappears without a trace.
	Maculopapular rash is a combination of spots and papules (nodules).	High temperature, cough. Headache. Inflammation of the mucous membranes. Conjunctivitis. General intoxication. Photophobia. The rash appears on the 4th–5th day of illness on the face, neck, and behind the ears. The next day - all over the body.	On the fourth day of appearance, the rashes darken, acquire a brown tint, and peel off. The marks are noticeable within the first 7–10 days.
	Macular rash is large-spotted.	Pharyngitis. Conjunctivitis. Low temperature. Headache. No itching during rashes. The rash appears first on the face and then spreads throughout the body. Predominant on the face, buttocks, lower back and bends of the elbows and knees. Lasts from 2 to 7 days.	Disappears without a trace.
	Pinpoint rash - becomes more pronounced when pressed.	Fever, headache. Raspberry color of the tongue. The rash appears on days 1–3 of illness and appears on the cheeks, groin and sides. Lasts from 3 to 7 days.	Disappears without a trace. Sometimes there is peeling of the skin after the rash disappears.

Manifestations of rash in infectious diseases - photo gallery

The main symptom of roseola is a three-day fever and its sudden disappearance with the simultaneous appearance of a rash. The chickenpox rash appears in waves and is accompanied by a rise in temperature Scarlet fever is characterized by a pinpoint rash and a bright crimson color of the tongue Rubella rashes do not leave traces after the end of the disease The incubation period for measles is 8–14 days

How to find the cause of an allergy - video

Treatment

The basic rules for treating an allergic rash include the following:

Following a diet (if the rash is caused by a food allergy).
Performing physiotherapeutic procedures.
Use of herbal medicine.
Taking medications.

An allergic rash must be treated, otherwise it can become chronic.

Diet

The product to which a child is allergic can be identified by exclusion or through one of the diagnostic methods. Based on the results of the analysis, the doctor draws up a specific diet plan and recommends products that can replace the allergen. Sometimes a reaction may be caused not by a specific product, but by one of its components. Food allergies can be accompanied by gastrointestinal disorders, as well as skin rashes, itching, etc.

According to Dr. Evgeniy Komarovsky, 90% of cases of food allergies in children are caused by only 6 foods:

Cow's milk. There is also a possibility of intolerance to milk from goats and sheep.
Eggs. Namely egg white.
Peanut.
Other nuts.
Soy. It is possible to use soybean oil and lecithin due to the minimal amount of protein.
Wheat. Wheat can cause both standard allergic reactions in the form of a rash, difficulty breathing, itching, and celiac disease. This disease is characterized by gluten intolerance, resulting in diarrhea, abdominal pain, low weight gain, and slow growth.

If a child is allergic to any product, then the diet should be adjusted so that the baby receives all the necessary vitamins, minerals, as well as micro- and macroelements!

Products that can cause an allergic reaction are pictured

Soy protein may cause allergic rashes Wheat porridge is the type of cereal that most often causes allergies. Peanuts and tree nuts can be found in a variety of foods, so you should take your food choices seriously
Children with allergies are not recommended to eat the egg white rather than the yolk. Cow's milk protein can cause a serious allergic reaction

Physiotherapy

Phytotherapy

Baths, lotions, and ointments will help relieve allergy symptoms in the form of rashes, itching, and redness. However, it must be taken into account that the cause of the allergic reaction should be eliminated, and not just its consequence.. Before using any herbal infusion or homemade compress, you should consult your doctor. Not every mixture may be suitable for your child, and some can even worsen allergies.

Chamomile decoction. It can be added to a bath or used as a lotion. 4 tbsp. l. pour a liter of boiling water and cook for 15 minutes. Then cool.
Decoction of succession. 1 tbsp. l. Pour a glass of boiling water over the herbs and cook for 15 minutes, then add to the bathing water. The sequence can have a drying effect, so it is important not to overdo it.
Decoction of calendula flowers. Effective as a compress on affected areas of the skin. 1 tsp. Brew crushed calendula flowers in a glass of boiling water and strain.
A compress made from fresh potato juice is considered very effective.
Pour 3-4 bay leaves with a glass of boiling water. Can be used both as a compress and for oral administration.
Birch tar. You can get an excellent ointment against rashes if you mix it with Vaseline in a ratio of 1 to 10.
It can be used either separately or together with white clay in a ratio of 1 to 1. Lubricate allergic manifestations on the skin.

The use of medications should be discussed with your doctor, as each of them may well aggravate allergy symptoms. In this case, you must immediately stop using them.

Traditional medicine for the symptomatic treatment of allergies - table

Zinc has a drying effect and is considered effective in combating rashes and skin irritation Birch tar is applied to the affected areas of the skin Bay leaf can be used both externally in the form of a decoction and lotions, and internally It is recommended to wipe the inflamed areas of the skin daily with raw potato juice. A compress of calendula decoction is recommended for allergic rashes Chamomile decoction has a calming effect and is used for skin inflammation and itching You should be careful with the string, as it has a drying effect.

Medicines

Depending on the cause of the allergic reaction and the nature of the rash, the doctor may recommend medications for both external and internal use. Hormonal and non-hormonal ointments and creams can be used to reduce itching, inflammation and redness. This is relevant for contact and atopic dermatitis, as well as for urticaria. If the use of hormonal ointments is required, they are used until the condition improves. Then it will be enough to moisturize the skin with hypoallergenic products. If new rashes appear, your doctor will most likely prescribe oral medications.

How much and how to smear the skin with one or another product is decided only by the doctor. Self-medication is unacceptable.

Medicines for allergy rashes - table

Medicines for external use			Indications	Manufacturer's recommended age for use
Non-hormonal		Moisturizing ointments, creams, lotions, anti-allergenic shampoos, shower gels.	Dry skin.	From the first days of life
		Antihistamines (Fenistil gel)	Rashes; redness.
Hormonal (corticosteroids)	1st class (weak)	Ointment Prednisolone 0.5%	Mild dermatitis. Can be used on any part of the body.	2 years
		Hydrocortisone cream 1% (Lokoid)		6 months
	2nd grade (intermediate)	Aclometasone dipropionate 0.05% (Afloderm)	If there is no effect after using class 1 drugs. Can be used on any part of the body.	0 months
		Betamethasone valerate 0.025%
		Deoxymethasone 0.05% (Topicort)		From the first days of life
		Triamcinolone acetonide 0.02% or 0.05% (Fluorocort)
		Flumethasone pivalate 0.02% or 2% (Lorinden A and C)		10 years
	3rd class (strong)	Betamethasone dipropionate 0.025%, 0.05% Cream, lotion (Diprozone, Diprolene)	If there is no effect after using drugs of classes 1 and 2. Long-term use is not recommended. Apply on severely inflamed areas of the skin.	1 year (or from birth - in the absence of a rash due to diaper rash)
		Budesonide 0.025%		From the first days of life
	4th grade (very strong)	Clobetasol propionate 0.05%	Contraindicated under 1 year of age, but not recommended for young children. Not to be used at any age on the face, skin folds and buttocks.	1 year
Medicines for internal use
Antihistamines	Fenistil (drops)		Allergic diseases (urticaria, food and drug allergies, allergic rhinitis);	From the first days of life
	Zyrtec (drops)		Allergic rhinitis; hives; atopic dermatitis.	6 months
Sorbents	Polyphepan (powder)		Food and drug allergies.	From the first days of life
	Polysorb MP (powder)
Corticosteroids	Nasonex (spray)		Allergic rhinitis.	2 years
	Prednisolone (tablets)		Acute and chronic allergic diseases.	From the first days of life
	Polcortolone (tablets)			3 years
	Flosteron (suspension for injection)		Allergic rhinitis; Quincke's edema; insect bites.

There are 4 generations of antihistamines. Drugs of the 3rd and 4th generations are considered the safest for children - with a minimum of side effects and lack of addiction.

Generations of antihistamines and their features - table

Generation	Name of the drug	Recommended age for starting use	Advantages	Flaws
1	Diphenhydramine	7 months	Fast action; relief within half an hour.	An impressive list of side effects; sedative effect and lethargy, drowsiness as a result; the need for repeated use due to the rapid disappearance of the effect.
	Diazolin	1 year
		1 year
	1 month
2	Claritin	2 years	Lack of sedative effect compared to 1st generation drugs; anti-inflammatory effect.	Negative effects on the heart and liver.
	1 year
	1 month
	Gistalong	2 years
3	6 months (drops), 1 year (tablets)	Minimum list of contraindications and side effects; long-term use possible; anti-inflammatory effect.
	2 years
	Telfast		6 years
4	Levocetirizine		2 years	Most products are intended for children over 1 year of age.
	1 year
	Desloratadine		12 years old
	Ebastine		6 years
	Cetirizine		1 year
	2 years

Most 3rd and 4th generation drugs are intended for children aged 6–12 months. Therefore, for a younger child, you should choose a medicine from the second generation rather than from the first, due to the lack of sedation.

Antihistamines in the photo

Xyzal can be used from two years of age Erius syrup is a 4th generation drug and is considered one of the safest for children Cetrin has an anti-inflammatory effect and is not addictive
Zyrtec drops are recommended for use from six months Fenistil can be used both externally (gel) and orally (syrup)
Zodak does not have a sedative effect on the nervous system
Tavegil has a rapid antiallergic effect Side effects of Suprastin include lethargy, drowsiness

Preventive measures

As preventive measures, as well as additional help in alleviating the baby’s condition, it is recommended to follow the following rules:

Ventilate the room frequently.
Humidify the air in the room where the child is.
Walk in the fresh air.
Maintain careful hygiene.
Do not overfeed the child to avoid stress on the gastrointestinal tract.
Monitor calcium levels in the body (excess vitamin D leads to calcium deficiency and an allergic reaction).
Bath your child in water at a comfortable temperature (not hot).
Use after bathing and, if necessary, moisturizer (hypoallergenic).
Do not allow your child to scratch skin rashes.
Dress your baby in cotton clothes.
Avoid stressful situations.
Avoid accumulation of dust in the room, avoid wearing woolen clothing, and using aggressive household chemicals.
Do not have pets.

Children's rashes come in different forms: those that do not require treatment and those for which medication is recommended. It is important to follow preventive measures to prevent the development of allergies, as well as to lead a lifestyle in which such reactions will be minimized. For mild forms of rashes, it will be enough to use non-hormonal creams and ointments. If the allergic reaction is severe, you may need to take corticosteroids and antihistamines. The main thing is to pay attention to your child and if rashes of unknown origin appear, contact a competent specialist.

An allergic rash in a child is one of the most common types of reaction to an allergen on the part of the immune system and skin. In clinical practice, such a rash is called allergic urticaria or urticaria (from the Latin urtica - nettle). A characteristic clinical symptom of an allergic rash is papules localized in certain areas or distributed throughout the body. The rash appears as painless but pruritic erythematous blisters, which in children are most often triggered by food allergens.

Factors that provoke allergies and the causes of an allergic rash in a child are combined into the following groups:

Drug allergens.
Food allergens.
Physical factors (sun, overheating, cold).
Chemical factors (household chemicals, washing powders, etc.).

Infants are most often susceptible to food allergies, which are characterized by skin manifestations; older children may suffer from drug allergies, hay fever, or rashes caused by ultraviolet radiation (sun).

Among food products, the most allergenic are all types of citrus fruits, seafood, chocolate, cocoa, strawberries, and milk protein intolerance can also cause an allergic rash.

Causes of allergic rash in a child

Type of allergy	Allergens
	Milk protein, dairy products, mixtures Fruits, especially citrus fruits Vegetables (red, yellow, orange color of peel, pulp) Sea fish, seafood Wheat porridge products Poultry meat (chicken) Nuts Products containing preservatives, dyes, flavors
Medication	Penicillin group drugs Drugs of the sulfonamide group B vitamins NSAIDs – non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Anticonvulsants Preparations for X-ray diagnostics (contrast agents)
Aeroallergy	Household dust Household chemicals in aerosol form Animal fur Pollen

According to children's allergists, the list of “provocateurs” of allergic rashes in children is led by food allergens, especially dairy products, sea fish, and eggs, that is, those that contain protein. These factors cause an indirect reaction in which antibodies of the IgE class immunoglobulins participate. Allergens of orange and red fruits and vegetables cause a direct release of histamine, without the attraction of IgE.

Acute allergic urticaria, provoked by airborne factors (household chemicals, pollen), most often occurs in children over 3 years of age and is a symptom of cross-polyvalent allergy.

Symptoms of an allergic rash in a child

The main signs of allergic rashes in children are as follows:

Erythema (redness) of certain areas of the skin.
There may be slight swelling at the site of the rash.
Small papules - vesicles.
Itching, sometimes very severe.
Irritability, tearfulness.
If the papules burst, erosive wounds filled with exudate may appear.
For food allergies, localization is on the skin of the face (cheeks), buttocks, calves, and less often on the forearms.

Symptoms of an allergic rash in a child depend on the form of the underlying disease - allergies, which can be chronic or acute.

An acute form of allergy most often develops as a reaction to a food allergen or medication. An allergic rash looks like papules, less often large blisters, localized on the skin of the face and forearms. The blistering formations are colored pink, dim in color, and cause characteristic itching and irritation. The acute form of allergy manifests itself mainly on the upper half of the child’s body; the rash can also be located in large folds (inguinal). The child becomes capricious, begins to scratch the itchy skin, loses appetite, and sleeps poorly. Against the background of general irritability, vomiting and dyspeptic symptoms are possible.
If allergies show symptoms for a long time and the rash does not go away after 4-6 weeks, the rash is diagnosed as a chronic allergy rash. Its symptoms are similar to acute manifestations of allergies, however, they cause more aggravated manifestations from the nervous system - insomnia, nervousness, irritability, loss of body weight due to refusal of food.

Symptoms of an allergic rash can also manifest in the form of angioedema (Quincke), which is considered the most dangerous and is characterized by the rapid development of the following symptoms:

Tingling sensation in the tongue, lips or palate.
Pain, colic or cramping in the abdominal area.
Erythematous rash, usually on the face.
The rash on the face quickly spreads and is accompanied by developing swelling.
The eyelids and mucous membrane of the mouth swell literally before our eyes.
Possible conjunctivitis.
Swelling may spread (migrate) to the nasopharynx and cause difficulty breathing.
The skin of the face acquires a characteristic bluish tint (cyanosis).
Angioedema is a serious life-threatening symptom and requires immediate medical attention to avoid serious complications.

Allergic rash in an infant

The most common symptom of food allergy in formula-fed newborns is urticaria, often called diathesis. In fact, there is no diagnosis of diathesis; this word means a predisposition, a tendency to any disease. An allergic rash in an infant is a variant of transient, non-pathological dermatitis, when the baby’s skin reacts to the invasion of an antigenic substance.. There are three ways in which the allergen is introduced into the unprepared, unadapted body of the child:

During feeding, there is a food allergen.
During contact with skin - contact allergen.
During breathing - aeroallergen (inhalation allergen) or respiratory tract.

Allergies in babies under one year of age are most often triggered by food factors. If the baby is breastfed, he may experience similar problems in cases where the mother does not follow a hypoallergenic diet. A child receiving artificial formula reacts to cow's milk protein, complementary feeding that is too early or poorly thought out from a nutritional point of view.

An allergic rash in an infant is currently an extremely common occurrence; according to statistics, up to 45% of babies under the age of one and a half years suffer from it. In the etiology of food allergies in newborns, hereditary factors play an important role:

If mom and dad are allergic, the likelihood of their child having allergies is up to 65%.
If one of the parents is allergic, the risk of developing an allergic reaction reaches 40%.

In addition, the cause of an allergic rash can also be intrauterine congenital pathology (hypoxia), diseases suffered by the mother during pregnancy

Physiologically, the allergic reaction is explained by the insufficient formation of the baby’s digestive tract and the low activity of the production of protective antibodies - Ig A. Thus, local protection of the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract with the help of immune antibodies is practically absent, and allergic substances quite easily penetrate into the bloodstream, overcoming the intestinal barrier.

How does an allergic rash manifest in an infant?

The child’s skin is the first to react to an allergen:

Redness of the cheeks, less often the forehead or neck.
Diffuse or localized rash, often starting on the face. The rash may migrate to the forearms, buttocks and calves.
Roughness, peeling of facial skin.
Constant diaper rash not associated with objective hygienic reasons.

The most serious and threatening manifestation of allergies in a baby is angioedema or Quincke's edema, which develops very quickly and requires immediate action to relieve it. Signs of angioedema in newborns are very specific:

The child suddenly begins to be capricious and cry.
Small papules (rash) appear on the skin of the face.
The baby's voice becomes hoarse and intermittent.
Shortness of breath appears, and breathing may be interrupted.
The child quickly develops swelling of the larynx.
The face turns a characteristic bluish tint (cyanosis), then suddenly turns pale.

At the slightest alarming symptoms that a caring mother notices in her baby, you need to consult a doctor. The choice of diagnostic method and therapeutic action is the prerogative of the treating pediatrician or allergist; parents are required to strictly follow medical recommendations.

What can be done to ensure that an allergic rash in an infant goes away and does not recur?

The introduction of complementary foods must be agreed upon with a pediatrician or nutritionist, especially if there is a risk of developing allergies due to a hereditary factor.
The first complementary food should be hypoallergenic, even for those babies who have not previously shown allergy symptoms.
Whole cow's milk, eggs and dishes containing them, wheat cereals, citrus fruits, nuts are those foods that are best not given to a child under one and a half years old.
A breastfeeding mother must follow a special hypoallergenic diet.
A baby who experiences periodic constipation may react to bowel retention with an allergic rash. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate the timely emptying of the digestive tract in a child.
For hygienic purposes and baby skin care, it is necessary to use only hypoallergenic, special cosmetics that do not contain perfumes, flavors, or dyes.
Allergic contact rash can be caused by chlorinated bathing water, so it is better to bathe your baby in dechlorinated or boiled water at the right temperature.
Allergies can be caused by clothing and bedding made from synthetic materials; this factor should be excluded.
Heat allergies can be triggered by overheating and wearing too warm clothes. The baby should not be overly wrapped up, since the body temperature of newborns is higher than the normal temperature of an adult, and heat exchange mechanisms are arranged differently.
It is necessary to exclude or minimize the child’s contact with pets, to whose fur an allergy in the form of a rash may develop.

An allergic rash in an infant is usually a transient phenomenon. The baby is growing, and all metabolic and protective functions of the digestive tract, liver, and immune system are also developing and improving. With age, almost all symptoms of food allergies disappear if antiallergic measures were carried out in a timely manner and in full. According to statistics, only 1-1.5% of children remain allergic in adulthood, most of them have a hereditary predisposition to allergies.

Diagnosis of an allergic rash in a child

The main clinical sign that makes it possible to differentiate an allergic rash from infectious rashes is the relatively normal general condition of the baby. With all nervous manifestations - whims, irritability associated with itchy skin, the child's appetite remains at the same level, body temperature, as a rule, does not increase.

Diagnosis of an allergic rash in a child involves the following actions:

Collecting a thorough medical history, including allergic and family history, to exclude a possible hereditary factor.
To confirm allergic urticaria, it is necessary to exclude other allergic, infectious, inflammatory diseases, which also have a relationship with IgE immunoglobulin.
A detailed analysis of the route of penetration of the allergen is carried out, all possible causes are clarified, including household and contact factors.
Elimination of the suspected allergic factor is carried out as a diagnostic and at the same time therapeutic measure. If there is information about provocative food, all dishes containing the allergen are excluded, if a contact route of allergy development is suspected, dust, wool, synthetic detergents, cosmetics, and linen are eliminated.
If the disease occurs in an acute form, diagnosis of an allergic rash in a child involves laboratory blood tests to determine IgE in the blood serum.
After the symptoms subside, usually after 1.5-2 months, it is possible to conduct skin tests and tests (scarification tests, prick tests, patch tests) in order to more accurately determine the nature of sensitization and identify the allergen.
A sign of an allergic rash and urticaria in a diagnostic sense are an increased level of T-lymphocytes, CIC (circulating immune complexes), a decrease in IgA titers, and an increase in interleukin.

Diagnosis of allergic skin rashes in children is carried out taking into account all the characteristics of the health condition, the collected medical history and clinical symptoms of the disease.

Treatment of allergic rash in a child

Therapeutic actions against allergic rashes are a standard treatment regimen for allergies, including food, contact or drug allergies.

Immediate elimination of the suspected provoking factor. Food liberators (provocateurs) of histamine can be dairy products, eggs, fruits or vegetables, as well as foods containing vasoactive amines - sausages and other sausages, liver (pork), herring, tomatoes, hard cheese, smoked meats and fermented foods.
Antihistamines for the treatment of rashes should be recommended and prescribed by a pediatrician. As a rule, H1 blockers are prescribed in a dosage and form appropriate to the child's age. If symptoms develop quickly and become dangerous (Quincke's edema), the doctor may use glucocorticosteroids.
Fenistil gel (used from 2 months), Bepanten, which softens the skin and relieves itching, or a simple baby cream are suitable as an emergency treatment for a baby that does not require a prescription. Infusions and decoctions of medicinal herbs should be used only on the advice of a pediatrician, since many herbal remedies are allergens.
A mandatory step in the treatment of an allergic rash is a diet that excludes provoking foods. A hypoallergenic diet should be followed for 3 months even when symptoms subside. Further, products from the risk group are included in the menu with maximum caution in microdoses, so as not to provoke a relapse of the allergic rash.

In the room where the child is located, a certain sanitary and hygienic regime must be observed:

repeated wet cleaning,
ventilation,
daily change of linen, clothes,
It is necessary to exclude all provoking agents from the category of household chemicals.

Treatment of an allergic rash in a child requires long-term observation by the attending physician or allergist. Dispensary registration is not necessary, but monitoring of the baby’s condition is carried out for six months after the first allergic manifestations have stopped.

Prevention of allergic rashes in children

Preventive measures to prevent allergies in children, as pediatricians aptly put it, should begin a year, or preferably two, before the birth of the child. This means that the expectant mother, as well as the father, must monitor their health so that their baby is born healthy and does not suffer from allergies.

A pregnant woman should remember to follow a hypoallergenic diet and the possible risks when taking various medications.

A nursing mother is the first potential source of a food allergy in a baby; even a minimal dose of a food liberator (allergy trigger) eaten by the mother will cause a reaction in the infant. Nuts, chocolate, seafood, citrus fruits, eggs, smoked meats and canned foods may be tasty, but they are also the main culprits of food allergies and rashes in breastfed babies.
Children who exhibit milk protein intolerance should receive hypoallergenic formula and adhere to a diet until they are 2 and sometimes even 3 years old.
Children with a family history of allergies should receive complementary feeding according to a special, individual scheme that takes into account all possible risks.
If an allergic rash appears and it was managed in time, to exclude relapses, parents should keep a special food diary. These records note the slightest alarming reactions to food or new complementary foods. Thus, the diary is an opportunity to warn in time or stop the development of allergies.
A child prone to allergic rashes should not come into contact with animal hair or inhaled allergens - pollen, aerosols, household dust.
The vaccination schedule of a child with allergies differs from the vaccination schedule of a healthy child. Vaccinations should be carried out taking into account allergic history.
The child's clothing and underwear should be made from natural materials. It is also necessary to exclude toys made from latex, plastics without the “hypoallergenic” mark, and so on from the baby’s environment.

Prevention of an allergic rash in a child means following medical recommendations and using only pharmaceutical drugs, both internal and external. Self-medication and experiments with treating an allergic rash in a baby can lead to serious complications.

Allergic rashes in children affect not only the skin, but also damage to the mucous membranes of the eyes and nose. Particularly dangerous is a generalized allergic reaction that affects the respiratory tract, cardiovascular and endocrine systems, often leading to anaphylactic shock and death.

The types of allergic rashes in children by origin come down to two main options: caused by poor diet or contact with an allergen.

Food

Rash due to food allergies in children is most often caused by foods introduced in the form of complementary foods, artificial formula, and breast milk due to poor nutrition of the mother. An allergic rash in a one-year-old child is associated with errors in diet and drug therapy prescribed for various reasons.

With food allergies, the rash in a child does not have a clear localization, is usually widespread and appears in the form of spots. Parents note an increase in skin manifestations after feeding.

Non-food

A non-food type of allergic rash in an infant occurs quickly after local exposure to an irritant, since the immune defense mechanisms are not fully formed, and the skin is delicate and extremely vulnerable.

If the allergen is identified in time and contact with it is eliminated, the pathology is only local in nature and can be easily eliminated. It is often provoked by the use of low-quality diapers, creams, and powders. Non-food allergies in a child usually present as a rash on the legs. Small red spots are also often located on the buttocks.

Reasons

The appearance of an allergic rash in a baby is due to the following reasons:

illnesses of a woman during pregnancy;
complications during childbirth, perinatal pathology;
the presence of allergic diseases in the father or mother;
taking antibiotics, antiviral and vitamin preparations and other medications by a nursing woman;
maternal malnutrition;
artificial feeding;
drug therapy prescribed to the baby due to illness;
low-quality children's clothing made from synthetic fabrics;
poor environment;
bites of blood-sucking insects;
prolonged exposure to fresh air during the flowering period of various plants (birch, quinoa, wormwood, poplar);
frequent hypothermia;
excessive insolation during summer;
long stay in a dusty room;
close contact with pets (fur, saliva, fluff).

A mild allergic rash in a newborn on the face and chest is often explained by the removal of mother’s hormones obtained in utero. Manifestations of exanthema disappear without medical intervention.

Symptoms

An allergic rash on a child’s body is usually represented by the following elements:

pink or red spots of various sizes, often prone to merging;
vesicles, sometimes with hyperemic edging;
pustules, or small pustules that form when scratching and when a secondary infection occurs.

An allergic rash on the body of a baby is accompanied by swelling of the subcutaneous tissue, thickening of the skin, weeping or dryness. The child is worried about burning and itching. After the severity of the process decreases, skin cracks and peeling appear, crusts form on the cheeks, and faint pigmentation is possible.

In advanced cases, for all types of allergic rashes in children, a violation of the general condition is typical:

anxiety, causeless crying;
decreased appetite, regurgitation;
constant lacrimation, conjunctivitis;
sleep disturbance due to skin itching;
difficulty breathing, coughing.

If a breastfeeding woman consumes allergenic foods, urticaria appears within 3-24 hours. Characterized by unstable stools, in which constipation alternates with diarrhea, often mixed with greens and mucus. With food allergies, the skin of the face, neck, and forearms suffers. Sometimes it is possible for a child to develop an allergic rash on his stomach. In severe cases, life-threatening Quincke's edema develops.

A rash in an infant with allergies caused by external factors is initially localized at the point of contact - in the elbows, armpits, popliteal fossae, and on the inner thighs. The soles become red and swollen, and blisters appear on them, the contents of which are prone to suppuration. Elements of an allergic rash are often found on a child’s bottom.

If measures are not taken in time, allergic rashes on the legs of children can spread to other parts of the body.

The severity of clinical manifestations depends on the characteristics of the body - contact with the same allergic factor can result in a quickly passing rash or anaphylactic shock, often resulting in death.

Which doctor treats an allergic rash in a child?

Treatment of an allergic rash in an infant should begin at its first appearance. Parents should call their local pediatrician. After interviewing and examining the baby, he will give directions for tests and consultations with specialized specialists - an infectious disease specialist, a dermatologist, an allergist.

Allergic skin rashes in children, accompanied by pastiness of the face and neck, wheezing, severe anxiety and other signs of Quincke's edema, require an immediate call to the ambulance.

Diagnostics

The appearance of a rash on the body if an allergy is suspected in a child implies the following diagnostic measures:

survey of parents - the course of pregnancy, the mother’s taste preferences, living conditions;
complete blood count (eosinophilia);
immunogram (increased immunoglobulin E);
urine test;
Checking stool for worm eggs.

To accurately identify the cause of an allergic rash, tests are carried out with the subcutaneous injection of common allergens. But usually they are used after reaching the age of 5-6 years.

Treatment

It is important to identify the allergen and completely eliminate its contact with the baby. Then the doctor will prescribe an individual treatment regimen in accordance with the symptoms and condition of the little patient.

When treating allergic skin rashes in children, the following pharmacological groups of medications are usually used:

desensitizing drugs - relieve allergic manifestations - Claritin, Zyrtec, Tavegil;
sorbents - Polysorb, Enterosgel, Smecta;
probiotics that normalize intestinal microflora - Linex, Bifidumbacterin;
hormonal agents - Prednisolone, Dexamethasone;
immunomodulators - Viferon;
antibiotics - for the treatment of pyoderma - Cefazolin.

Medicines are prescribed in the acute phase of allergies; they neutralize toxins, relieve swelling, itching, inflammation, preventing anaphylactic shock.

Drugs administered orally must be ground and mixed with milk or formula. Before use, you must carefully study the instructions.

Treatment in children includes the use of local remedies. Hormonal ointments, gels and creams containing corticosteroids (Advantan, Fluorocort) are used. They help quickly relieve exacerbations and prevent the progression of the disease. Due to unwanted side effects, they are prescribed in short courses and under medical supervision.

Non-hormonal topical agents are used to reduce itching, inflammation and pain. They can be used for a long time, as they have no serious contraindications and rarely cause complications. The moisturizing and wound-healing effect of these drugs is also important. The most popular creams are Bepanten, Elidel, Lanolin, Desitin.

Allergic rashes in newborns, accompanied by redness, swelling, itching, are well relieved by La-Cri cream. It also heals scratch marks.

It is important for parents to know how to behave if a sudden allergy appears:

calm the baby;
stop exposure to the allergen - bathe, change clothes, ventilate the room;
if you have a food allergy, induce vomiting, give a sorbent (Enterosgel, activated carbon);
drink warm water to remove toxins.

Pathology is also treated with traditional medicine. They use decoctions of oak bark, chamomile, calendula, plantain, and string. They relieve allergic swelling and skin itching when added to the baby’s bath. An infusion of nettle leaves can be used to wipe diaper rash and rashes on the legs. Manifestations of allergies are reduced by cooling compresses using weak soda or saline solutions.

Prevention

Allergies in a child can be prevented with proper care:

use clothes made from natural fabrics, excluding wool, as it irritates the skin;
dress according to the weather, avoiding overheating;
change diapers on time;
use hypoallergenic detergents;
exclude contact with pets;
carry out regular wet cleaning;
use gels, shampoos, emulsions, creams with natural composition that do not contain hormonal agents or dyes;
bathe in cool water.

It is advisable to feed newborns with breast milk, as this helps improve immune defense. In this case, it is necessary to exclude citrus fruits, chocolate, coffee, caviar, canned food, nuts, and honey from the mother’s diet. If the baby receives formula, it must be of high quality and hypoallergenic. It is important to control the conditions and shelf life of food products and avoid overfeeding.

To avoid allergy rashes in children, it is important to follow all the pediatrician’s recommendations and not rush into introducing complementary foods and expanding the range of foods. If you have a history of even minimal allergic manifestations, you cannot use non-adapted formulas, milk porridges, and do not introduce cottage cheese for up to 9 months.

An allergy rash in children is a serious sign. If measures are not taken in time, the pathology can lead to anaphylactic shock or provoke the further formation of bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, and dermatitis.

Useful video about allergic rashes in children

Allergies are one of the most common diseases in the world. Almost every person has suffered from one form or another. Adults can take care of themselves, but for a child, allergies are stressful. From our article you will learn what to do if your child has allergies, what forms of allergic rashes there are, how to get rid of them and prevent their manifestations in the future.

Allergic rash is a common phenomenon among children of preschool and primary school age.

Causes of allergic rashes on the body in children

Most children aged 0 to 7 years are susceptible to skin reactions caused by contact with an irritant. An allergic reaction can be food, viral or chemical. As a rule, rashes on the body due to contact with an allergen are accompanied by severe itching, swelling and hyperemia.

The most common causes of allergic rashes in children are:

Taking medications with an aggressive composition. A reaction in young children can be caused by either a synthetic antibiotic or a natural drug with herbal ingredients. Aggressive allergens are expectorant syrups.
Breast-feeding. Rashes occur if a nursing mother neglects the diet developed by the doctor and eats food containing allergens. Allergic reactions in infants can be caused by chocolate, citrus fruits, fast food - a complete list will be provided by a pediatrician or dermatologist.
The use of household chemicals and the use of cosmetics with chemical fragrances. Allergies in children can be caused by washing powder, skin cream, dishwashing detergent (we recommend reading:).
Natural factors. Sudden temperature changes, long walks exposed to sunlight.
Allergic dermatoses are poisonous plants and animals that leave a burn upon contact with the skin.
Non-cellular infectious agents are the cause of viral allergies.

Types of childhood allergic rash with description

Currently, experts talk about two types of allergies:

Acute, which is characterized by an instant reaction to a stimulus. This allergy has a pronounced clinical picture, but the rashes can be quickly treated: they disappear within a few days.
Chronic. As the name implies, it is a sluggish ongoing disease process. As a rule, chronic allergies disappear on their own by the age of one and a half years.

The clinical picture of allergies consists of several types of rashes on the skin of a child. Each type involves taking certain medications. If you notice symptoms of a rash in your child, contact your doctor immediately.

We will analyze each of the types with a description and explanation of the reasons for their occurrence (photos are presented below).

Type of rash	Description	The most common causes
Allergic dermatitis	Small red rash all over the body. The skin on the affected area is dry, peeling is possible. Characterized by the presence of ulcers and cracks.	Failure in the child’s immune system, contact with an external irritant.
Hives	The name comes from nettle, because. the rash resembles a burn from this plant. Large spots of pinkish or bright red color. Additional symptom: itching that cannot be relieved by scratching. Blisters wander throughout the body, appearing in new places: on the face, arms, legs, and on the folds of the body.	Food intolerance to certain foods: chocolate, citrus fruits, eggs, etc.
Eczema	Small pimples or red sores. It is chronic in nature, so relapses are possible. The skin of the face is affected first, then blisters cover the legs and arms.	Household chemicals, infection, dermatitis.
Neurodermatitis	The rash looks like psoriasis. Severe peeling and thickening of the skin. It is a chronic disease.	Frequent allergic reactions, malfunctions of the immune system, food allergies to a large number of foods.

Allergic dermatitis

Hives

Eczema

Neurodermatitis

Diagnostic methods

Diagnosis of allergies includes 3 methods:

Symptomatic (initial diagnosis). The method is used for classic forms - dermatitis and urticaria. The clinical picture of the diseases is not diverse. Typically, just looking at the rash is enough to make a diagnosis. In addition to the rash, other symptoms are taken into account: redness of the eyes, runny nose, swelling, irritability, etc.
Taking allergy tests. The method allows you to determine the allergen. However, the procedure can be performed on children over 3 years of age.
Tests for the state of immunity. There are no age restrictions.

Differentiated diagnosis is also necessary, since the general clinical picture can give false ideas about the diagnosis.

Allergies are accompanied by symptoms similar to some infectious diseases. The table below shows the distinctive features in the symptoms of these two categories.

Symptoms and signs	Allergic reaction	Infectious disease
General appearance of the rash (including spots, pimples, ulcers)	Size ranges from small dots to large blisters. There may be crusts, erosions, and serous wells.	The rashes are autonomous in nature: each of the points is clearly defined and does not merge with the others.
Localization	On the face: chin area, cheeks, sometimes on the forehead. Arms, legs, hips, buttocks, neck. Rarely on the body.	Front and back of the body. Rarely – legs and arms. Very rarely - on the forehead.
Fever	Absent or low-grade fever is observed.	It can be expressed by all types of temperatures - from subfebrile to hyperpyretic.
Edema and swelling in the affected areas	Vividly expressed. They can be mild and can be life-threatening.	They practically don't appear.
Itching	Present.	Present.
Associated symptoms	Excessive activity of the lacrimal glands, redness of the mucous membrane of the eyes, conjunctivitis, decreased blood pressure, gastrointestinal upset, cough.	Mucus from the mouth and nose, body aches, general loss of strength.
How long does the rash take to go away?	As a rule, after taking medication, the rash goes away quickly and leaves no traces.	The rash persists throughout the entire treatment period.

Treatment regimen for allergic rash depending on its type

Therapy for allergic rashes in children depends on its type and reaction to the irritant. With any type of allergic rash, an important step is to identify the substance that caused it. The child should avoid contact with the allergen. The next step is to strictly follow the doctor’s instructions.

As a rule, therapy is based on following nutritional rules and taking antiallergic drugs (antihistamines). When taking medication, carefully read the instructions for use of the drugs. Many of them contain age restrictions. Products for children have a “soft” composition and are pleasant to the taste.

As stated above, allergic rashes come in several types, each of which requires specific treatment. Below is a table with the names of treatment agents.

Type of rash	Drug therapy	Non-drug therapy
Allergic dermatitis (we recommend reading:)	To relieve symptoms use: Suprastin Zyrtec Fenistil Erius	physiotherapy no contact with allergen, diet using soothing baths with chamomile and sage providing the little patient with peace and positive emotions
Hives	Antihistamines: Diphenhydramine Suprastin Tavegil
Eczema	antihistamines (described above) immunomodulators (echinacea tincture, dietary supplements) enterosorbents (activated carbon, Polysorb, Enterosgel, etc. (more details in the article: ).)
Neurodermatitis	sorbents sedatives ointments with a cooling effect

The listed types of allergic reactions include a number of other symptoms in addition to the rash. They can also be removed with the help of medications. Itching, redness and similar discomfort will be removed by gels and ointments with an anti-inflammatory effect. Corticosteroids will help with a runny nose and swelling of the nasal mucosa. Eye drops will help with conjunctivitis. The best addition to treatment will be parental love and care.

What is strictly forbidden to do?

If a rash is found on a child’s body, it is strictly prohibited:

squeezing out ulcers and ulcers (especially on the cheeks and forehead);
injury to bubbles (puncture, squeezing);
contact of the affected area with dirty hands, especially scratching the rash;
the use of drugs that can distort the clinical picture (with dyes and substances based on them).

An allergic rash is a serious symptom. Many types of allergies do not require specific medical treatment. However, in some cases, self-medication is detrimental to the health and life of the baby. A rash can also be caused by an infectious disease, which is dangerous not only for the baby, but also for others. The best solution is to see a doctor immediately.

As a rule, an allergic rash is mild and can be treated quite quickly, however, when it appears, the child must be shown to a specialist

How many days does it take for children to have an allergic rash?

There is no single answer to this question. How quickly the rash goes away depends on many factors: the correct treatment, the quality of the medications taken. Some patterns still exist.

In an infant under one year old or a one-year-old child, the initial stage of mild food allergies goes away within a week. To do this, you need to quickly eliminate the allergen from the nursing mother’s diet. Allergic dermatitis and urticaria, in the absence of complications, also disappear after 7 days. Eczema and neurodermatitis last up to 2 weeks and often become chronic

If the dynamics of recovery are positive, the rash and itching gradually disappear. If the manifestations of the disease are static, or the condition has worsened, it is necessary to change the strategy. If the allergen is incorrectly identified or ineffective therapy is prescribed, hospitalization and additional tests may be required.

With a timely reaction from parents and accurate identification of the irritant, the rash may disappear within a day.

Even a small and pale rash cannot be ignored. Such negligence can lead to lengthy, expensive and ineffective treatment. The sooner the rash is treated, the sooner it will go away.

Prevention

To prevent the occurrence of allergic reactions, the following measures are recommended:

limit the child’s contact with the most aggressive allergens, as well as substances to which there is an individual intolerance;
maintain home order, do wet cleaning once a week;
carefully monitor the cleanliness of furniture from dust;
balance the baby’s diet;
stimulate the immune system (be in the fresh air more often, send your child to a sports section, etc.);
do not abuse medications - only the doctor decides how many tablets should be given to the child;
if there are pets at home, provide them with care and cleanliness;
observe the rules of hygiene.