Ceftriaxone instructions for intravenous use. Ceftriaxone - instructions for use Ceftriaxone Latin name

Ceftriaxone is a cephalosporin antibiotic that has a bactericidal effect due to the fact that it is able to inhibit the synthesis of bacterial cell membranes.

It has a broad spectrum antimicrobial effect, including effects on aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, both gram-positive and negative.

The drug is quickly delivered to the organs and remains in the body for a long time; excretion is carried out through the kidneys. The release form of the drug is a whitish or yellowish powder.

Instructions for Ceftriaxone (injections) include the main indications for use:

infectious diseases of the lower respiratory tract;
ENT diseases;
infectious diseases of the skin and soft tissues;
infections of the kidneys and genitourinary system;
diseases of bones and joints caused by infections;
peritonitis;
sexually transmitted infectious diseases;
salmonellosis;

Also, according to the instructions for use, Ceftriaxone is used as a prophylactic agent after surgical interventions, in order to prevent the development of infectious processes. Composition: 1 bottle contains 1.0 ceftriaxone sodium salt.

Ceftriaxone is an effective treatment for prostatitis. Its effectiveness is due to the fact that it is administered intramuscularly or intravenously, as a result of which the effect on the area of infection occurs instantly, and it is retained in organs and tissues throughout the day.

In the treatment of prostatitis, Ceftriaxone injections are very effective, especially in the presence of an acute form of the disease. After just a few injections, pain decreases, temperature normalizes, urination returns to normal, and the inflammatory process decreases.

Ceftriaxone acts on the inflamed prostate as follows: the active substances of the drug penetrate the circulatory system, then they disperse in equal quantities throughout the tissues and organs, thus entering the genitourinary system, where they immediately begin to actively fight the infection.

The effect of using Ceftriaxone for prostatitis is usually noticeable after the second injection.

As a rule, antibiotics for prostatitis, Ceftriaxone is no exception, are prescribed individually for each patient, taking into account his age, severity and duration of the disease, as well as taking into account the characteristics of the body.

Treatment lasts for 2 weeks until pathological bacteria are completely eliminated from the body. Use for the treatment of other diseases occurs as prescribed by a doctor, where, depending on the disease, age, and individual characteristics, the required dosage and course of therapy are prescribed.

In order to avoid unpleasant pain after an injection, it is important to know how to properly dilute Ceftriaxone and carefully read the instructions. Before using Ceftriaxone, it should be diluted with 1% lidocaine or novocaine. Before administration, the resulting solution must be warmed to room temperature.

In order to receive Ceftriaxone in the required dosage, you need: 1 g of antibiotic and 2 ampoules of lidocaine. To obtain 0.5 g of solution, 500 mg of antibiotic and 1 ampoule of lidocaine are required. For a single dose of 250 mg, you will need to fill 2 syringes with 1 ampoule of lidocaine and 1 bottle of Ceftriaxone.

Like most antibiotics, Ceftriaxone has some contraindications for use:

Intolerance to cephalosporins, allergic reactions.
Pregnancy.
Prematurity of newborns.
Kidney or liver failure.
Ulcerative colitis.
Enteritis.
Lactation period.

As a rule, Ceftriaxone injections are well tolerated, but in some cases the drug can cause side effects:

Allergic phenomena.
Digestive disorders.
Hepatitis.
Eosinophilia.
Quincke's edema (in rare cases).

Ceftriaxone (injections): instructions for use of the drug in the elderly and children, analogues

In cases where Ceftriaxone injections are used for children, it is important to consider the following features:

Children over 12 years old are prescribed 1 injection per day, 1 gram of antibiotic. If the disease is severe, the dose may be increased to 3-4 grams.
Children under 12 years of age are prescribed 1 injection per day at a dosage of 20-75 mg per kg of weight.
Children aged two weeks are given 1 injection per day at a dosage of 25-50 mg per kg of weight.

When using Ceftriaxone injections for children, it is recommended to dilute it with plain water, since lidocaine can cause convulsions and disruption of the heart, and novocaine can trigger anaphylactic shock.

Ceftriaxone (injections) instructions for use in children recommend a method of administration, usually intravenous - for newborns, for children over 12 years old - intramuscular. The drug must be administered very slowly to reduce pain.

The main indications for use are the presence of infectious diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the antibiotic. Contraindications are prematurity and hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. In elderly patients, vitamin K is recommended in addition to Ceftriaxone.

The dosage used is usually standard, recommended for adults, the route of administration is intramuscular and intravenous. Indications: infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms sensitive to Ceftriaxone. Contraindications, according to the instructions for use of Ceftriaxone for injection: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, renal failure.

Ceftriaxone has the following analogues:

Rocephin.
Azaran.
Medakson.
Oframax.
Steritsef.
Triaxon.
Cefatrin.
Hizon.

The average price of one bottle of Ceftriaxone is 30 rubles.

"CEFTRIAXONE": composition

The active substance is ceftriaxonum, which belongs to the class of third-generation cephalosporin antibiotics. These are drugs that work against a huge number of pathogenic bacteria, including those that produce β-lactamase, which destroys some antibiotics.

The drug is sold in powder form for the preparation of solutions for injections and infusions. Available in four dosage options - 250 mg, 500 mg, 1 and 2 grams per bottle. It is not available in syrup or tablet form.

How does it affect the body? (Pharmacodynamics)

In the human body, ceftriaxone has a bactericidal effect. It makes it impossible to synthesize a substance – murein, from which the bacterial wall is made. Myrein is a base laced with short protein chains. Thanks to him, the bacterium exists. If its synthesis is blocked, new bacterial ones are not formed, and existing ones are destroyed.

Ceftriaxone acts on a huge number of rods, cocci, both gram-positive and gram-negative. It is not effective against:

methicillin-resistant staphylococci;
group D streptococci;
enterococci.

The antibiotic penetrates into all body fluids: plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, bile, urine.

“CEFTRIAXONE” injections – what helps?

Almost a doctor of any specialization, faced with a severe bacterial process, can prescribe ceftriaxone injections. What does it help with? It is used to treat diseases caused by bacteria sensitive to the drug:

purulent infections of the abdominal cavity, including peritonitis, empyema of the gallbladder;
upper and lower respiratory tract, including pleural empyema, lung abscess;
pyelonephritis, urethritis, prostatitis, cystitis;
typhoid fever;
syphilis;
sepsis, endocarditis;
purulent wounds, complications of burn lesions of the skin and mucous membranes;
ENT diseases;
salmonellosis;
gonorrhea;
tick-borne borreliosis.

It should not be used in patients allergic to cephalosporin class antibiotics. The drug is prescribed very carefully:

with renal and/or liver failure of 2 – 3 degrees;
premature babies;
people who have suffered from erosive-ulcerative or inflammatory bowel diseases;
with high levels of bilirubin in the blood serum in newborns.

When prescribing to pregnant women, it is necessary to balance the benefits for the mother from the treatment and the potential harm to the child from the medicine. Nursing mothers receiving ceftriaxone are advised to switch the baby to artificial feeding.

During clinical trials, less than 5% of patients experienced any adverse reactions:

manifestations of allergies;
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea;
changes in the number of blood cells;
headaches and dizziness.

The symptoms are so general that there is no point in talking about serious adverse reactions. Ceftriaxone is prescribed for extremely severe bacterial lesions of internal organs. It is impossible to determine whether nausea is caused by the drug or by increasing intoxication against the backdrop of the death of a huge number of bacterial cells. The main drug used to treat syphilis is penicillin and its later types. Ceftriaxone in this case belongs to the second-line antibiotics: it is prescribed for allergies to penicillin, pregnant women, and other groups of patients in whom penicillins cannot be used. A huge plus of the medicine is that it is active not only in primary, but also in secondary and tertiary forms of syphilis. It even treats syphilitic lesions of the nervous system. In addition, the drug can be used both during hospitalization

"CEFTRIAXONE": instructions for use (injections) - how to dilute?

The powder for preparing a solution for intramuscular or intravenous administration is diluted:

lidocaine (only for intramuscular administration!);
water for injection (with water, injections into the muscle are more painful than with an anesthetic);
saline solution.

How to dilute ceftriaxone is described in detail in the instructions for use of injections

How to take it correctly?

The duration of the course and dosage are determined by the doctor. The medicine can be administered once or twice a day. The maximum dose for an adult is 4 grams per day, for a child – 2 grams per day. Treatment lasts until the doctor is sure that the infection has been defeated. There are diseases for which the medicine is administered once, and there are those for which injections must be repeated for up to 14 days.

How to breed and with what?

Dilute the powder:

2% lidocaine solution, which is sold in a pharmacy, one ampoule per bottle, regardless of dosage;
water for injection according to the same principle as lidocaine, but for intravenous injection it is better to take 5-10 ml of water, for intravenous injection - 2-3 ml (the injection is painful);
saline solution for intravenous infusion: a little solution is poured into a bottle, shaken, drawn into a syringe, and added to the bottle with the remaining liquid. The total amount of solution per infusion is 40 – 100 ml. Instead of saline solution, you can use glucose with insulin, dextrose.

Do not dilute the powder with a liquid containing calcium.

"CEFTRIAXONE": injection price 1.0 (price in pharmacies)

In different pharmacies, the cost of the drug may be different, which is explained not only by belonging to different pharmaceutical chains, but also by the manufacturer, sales region, etc. Average ts ena ceftriaxone the price of injection 1.0 is about 25 rubles:

WER.RU – 23 rubles;
Europharm – 23 rubles;
Dialogue – 26 rubles;
IFC Pharmacy – 29 rubles;
Maksavit – 15 rubles;
Pharmacy – 22 rubles.

"CEFTRIAXONE": analogues

The medicine is produced by several Russian pharmaceutical companies: Biokhimik Saransk, Sintez AKOMP, Ruzpharma, Protek SVM, etc. The cost of 1 gram differs by 1-2 rubles. An imported substitute can be bought from 218 to 600 rubles per 1 gram.

Ceftriaxone: analogues in tablets

The tablets contain 3rd generation cephalosporins, with a different active ingredient. As a substitute for ceftriaxone, analogues in tablets can be:

	Suprax Solutab is an Italian drug with the active ingredient cefixime, produced in tablet form. Prescribed for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases. Price – 833 rubles.
	Pantsef– tablets from the Macedonian pharmaceutical company Alkaloid AD based on cefixime. Prescribed for the treatment of urinary tract infections, otitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis, gonorrhea, etc. Price – 528 rubles.

Previous generations of cephalosporins are also made into tablets.

"CEFTRIAXONE": analogues in injections

Medicines in which ceftriaxone is the active substance are released only for injection. Among the affordable analogues of ceftriaxone in injections, you can consider:

	Rocephin- French-Swiss drug. It is based on the same active ingredient. It has an antibacterial and bactericidal effect on the body. Price – from 49.60 rubles per 1 g.
	Medakson– Cypriot broad-spectrum antibiotic. Used to combat infectious diseases of various etymologies. Price – from 171 rubles.
	Cefazolin– a domestic antibiotic of the cephalosporin class from the first generation. With a similar spectrum of activity and a similar list of diseases for which they are prescribed, cefazolin has more side effects and is less tolerated by patients. Price – from 37.50 rubles per 1 g.

Important! The choice between these drugs should only be made by a doctor: you cannot use a more modern remedy against flora, which is perfectly treated by the first generation. This will lead to the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria.

"CEFTRIAXONE": reviews

Ceftriaxone saved my life: a banal appendicitis due to negligence towards one’s own health ended in purulent peritonitis. I was put on drips with ceftriaxone for a week in the intensive care unit. I felt nauseous, I didn’t feel nauseous, I don’t even remember, it was so bad. The doctor said that I was very lucky that there were already such powerful antibiotics.

I fell ill with terrible sinusitis: my head was pounding, my temperature was 40, I won’t even talk about the color of what was flowing from my nose. The doctor prescribed ceftriaxone injections. My husband did it at home. The first one was done with water for injection, but it turned out to be very painful. Then they put it only with lidocaine. I was treated for 5 days. This nightmare never happened again.

Doctor's review:

Nikiforov Ivan Andreevich, 52 years old

According to the international classification, the antibacterial drug Ceftriaxone belongs to the third generation semisynthetic antibiotics of the cephalosporin series. It has a wide spectrum of action, resistance to beta-lactamases, as well as a bactericidal effect against many gram-positive and gram-negative, both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.

What is Ceftriaxone
Antibacterial activity of Ceftriaxone
Interaction with other drugs
Side effects
Methods of using Ceftriaxone
Preparation of the solution

What is Ceftriaxone

The destruction of bacteria occurs due to disruption of the synthesis of murein, an important component of the bacterial cell wall. Also, the features of most cephalosporin antibiotics include poor absorption in the intestine and an irritating effect on the gastrointestinal tract, as a result of which Ceftriaxone can only be found in the form of a powder for the preparation of injection solutions.

Another reason for the popularity of this drug is its low toxicity and relatively rare occurrence of side effects, which is typical for the vast majority of beta-lactam antibacterial drugs. Ceftriaxone distributes well in all tissues and fluids of the body, penetrates the blood-brain and hematoplacental barrier, achieving therapeutic concentrations of the drug is possible, including in the cerebrospinal fluid.

The wide spectrum of antibacterial action, low toxicity, as well as the relatively low (compared, for example, with carbapenems) cost of the drug explain the high frequency of prescription of Ceftriaxone injections in the treatment of a wide variety of bacterial infections.

Antibacterial activity of Ceftriaxone

Having a wide spectrum of action, Ceftriaxone exhibits a bactericidal effect against the following pathogens:

Staphylococcus aureus is the causative agent of many diseases - from acne and boils to hospital-acquired pneumonia, meningitis and other deadly diseases.
Pneumococcus is a common causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia and sinusitis.
Haemophilus influenzae is the cause of pneumonia and meningitis.
E. coli – some strains can cause food poisoning.
Klebsiella is the causative agent of pneumonia and urogenital infections.
Gonococcus is the causative agent of gonorrhea.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of wound suppuration.
Clostridia is the causative agent of gas gangrene.

Ceftriaxone can also be effective in diseases caused by Bacteroides, Moraxel, Proteus.

When using Ceftriaxone injections, there is no positive dynamics in infections caused by methicillin-resistant strains of staphylococci, some strains of streptococci and enterococci.

The spectrum of antibacterial action of third generation cephalosporins and Ceftriaxone in particular is quite wide, due to which this drug is used to treat many diseases caused by bacteria.

Interaction with other drugs

In the case of combined use of Ceftriaxone with antibacterial drugs from a number of aminoglycosides, polymyxins, as well as with Metronidazole, an increase in effectiveness is observed. Ceftriaxone injections while taking loop diuretics (Furosemide, Ethacrynic acid) can significantly increase the likelihood of toxic kidney damage.

When Ceftriaxone is used simultaneously with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the likelihood of bleeding increases and it enhances the effect of anticoagulants.

Not compatible with ethyl alcohol. When taking Ceftriaxone injections and alcohol simultaneously, a so-called disulfiram-like reaction occurs, which develops as a result of inhibition of enzymes responsible for neutralizing the toxic metabolite of ethanol - acetaldehyde. This side effect is manifested by redness of the upper body, a feeling of heat, nausea, vomiting, difficulty breathing, palpitations, and a drop in blood pressure, in some cases even to the point of collapse.

The doctor who usually prescribes antibacterial drugs takes into account all the features of drug interactions; only a specialist can choose safe combinations, but it is better to refrain from drinking alcohol during treatment with any antibiotics.

Side effects

Like any serious drug, Ceftriaxone has quite a lot of described side effects, although they occur relatively rarely with antibacterial drugs of the cephalosporin series.

List of possible side effects:

Local reactions may include: pain or hardening at the injection site; very rarely, phlebitis develops after intravenous injections of Ceftriaxone.
Hypersensitivity to the drug can manifest itself as a rash, itching, as well as fever and chills, edema, and rarely - serum sickness and anaphylactic shock.
Hematopoietic system - with prolonged treatment with high doses of Ceftriaxone, leukopenia, a decrease in the level of platelets, neutrophils, prolongation of prothrombin time, and rarely, hemolytic anemia may be observed in the peripheral blood.
From the digestive system, nausea and vomiting, increased levels of liver enzymes in the blood, and pseudomembranous colitis may be observed. As with almost any antibiotic therapy, the normal intestinal microflora suffers, which leads to abundant proliferation of fungi of the genus Candida.
Reactions from the genitourinary system may take the form of an increase in nitrogen and urea levels in the blood; very rarely, interstitial nephritis and colpitis may develop.

Side effects on the central nervous system may include headache or dizziness.

There are quite a lot of described side effects from Ceftriaxone injections, but you should also remember that due to the low toxicity of the drug they develop quite rarely.

Indications and contraindications for use

There are many diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to Ceftriaxone:

Bacterial infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, as well as ENT organs (lung abscess, bronchitis, pneumonia, pleurisy, sinusitis.)
Uncomplicated gonorrhea
Bacterial lesions of the skin and appendages
Diseases of the urinary tract and genitourinary system (cystitis, prostatitis, acute and chronic pyelonephritis)
Gynecological infections, as well as inflammatory lesions of the pelvic organs.
Damage to the abdominal organs caused by bacteria (cholecystitis, pancreatitis, duodenitis)
Sepsis and septicemia
Bacterial diseases of bones and joints
Inflammation of the meninges (meningitis)
Endocarditis
Syphilis
Lyme disease (Lyme boreliosis.

Ceftriaxone is also used to prevent purulent-septic complications after surgical interventions.

Contraindications:

The drug is contraindicated if allergic reactions have already been observed to Ceftriaxone itself, other cephalosporins, as well as to any other beta-lactam antibiotics (due to possible cross-allergy) - carbapenems, monobactams, penicillins. Ceftriaxone is considered relatively safe when used in pregnant women, although adequate studies of its effects on the fetus have not been conducted.
The use of the drug in pregnant women is possible after the first trimester, and only if the expected benefit from the administration of Ceftriaxone is higher than the possible harm to the fetus. If Ceftriaxone is prescribed during lactation, it is recommended to stop breastfeeding, since a small amount of the drug is excreted together with breast milk.
In vitro data have been obtained on the ability of Ceftriaxone to displace bilirubin from carrier proteins in the blood plasma, so the use of the drug in children with hyperbilirubinemia (especially in premature infants) requires special caution.
In patients with a combination of severe liver and kidney failure, as well as in patients regularly undergoing hemodialysis, regular determination of the concentration of Ceftriaxone in the blood is recommended.
Ceftriaxone has relatively few contraindications for use, but still the decision on the need for antibacterial therapy with this particular drug should be made by a specialist with the appropriate education.

Methods of using Ceftriaxone

One of the features of the drug is the absence of tablet forms for oral administration, which is a consequence of low bioavailability during enteral use, as well as a negative effect on the mucous membranes of the hollow organs of the digestive system. That is why Ceftriaxone is produced only in powder form, from which solutions are prepared for intramuscular or intravenous administration.

It is recommended to use the prepared solution for intravenous administration immediately after preparation. The prepared solution for intramuscular administration can be stored at room temperature for up to 3 days, and in the refrigerator (subject to a temperature regime of +4°C) for up to 10 days. During storage, the Ceftriakone solution may change its color from light yellow to amber, but if stored correctly, the drug can still be used.

Preparation of solutions

For intramuscular administration. Ceftriaxone, when administered intramuscularly, causes quite strong pain, as a result of which the solution is prepared using 1% Lidocaine. A dose of Ceftriaxone up to half a gram should be dissolved in 2 ml of a 1% lidocaine solution; for 1 g of antibiotic you will need 3.5 ml of local anesthetic. It is not advisable to inject more than 1 g of solution into one muscle.

For injection into a vein. In order to prepare a solution from half a gram of antibiotic, you need 5 ml of water for injection, for 1 gram you should use 10 ml. The resulting solution is administered over two to four minutes.

For infusion use. 2 g of Ceftriaxone should be dissolved in 40 ml of saline, or 40 ml of 5% or 10% glucose. If the prescribed dose of Ceftriaxone exceeds 50 mg per 1 kilogram of body weight, the Ceftriaxone solution is administered dropwise over at least half an hour.

More detailed information on how to dilute the drug can be obtained by watching the video:

Ceftriaxone is popular among doctors of many specialties for a reason - the combination of low toxicity of the drug with fairly high efficiency, resistance to bacterial penicillinases, as well as the ability of the antibiotic to penetrate all tissues and fluids of the body are rarely combined in one drug.

But, despite the safety of the drug, you should not use antibacterial drugs on your own, since it is precisely due to the uncontrolled use of antibiotics that some bacteria have already developed resistance to Ceftriaxone.

· Reading time: 6 min · Views:

A modern pharmacological agent with pronounced antibacterial activity is Ceftriaxone injections. What does this antibiotic help with? The drug is classified by experts as a subgroup of the newest generation cephalosporins. The medication has a broad bactericidal effect, therefore it is active against many aerobic as well as anaerobic pathogenic microorganisms. The instructions for use of the medicine “Ceftriaxone” suggest using it for epiema, borreliosis, and pyelonephritis.

Main cast

According to the international classification, Ceftriaxone is an antibacterial agent from the class of cephalosporins, but it is from the 3rd class of medications, characterized by a more powerful effect and a smaller range of side effects.

The pharmacological agent is a slightly hygroscopic powder with a fine crystalline structure. With a yellowish or whitish tint. The main substance is ceftriaxone sodium salt. Auxiliary components only support and enhance the healing properties of the active component.

In what form can it be presented?

Currently in the pharmacy network the pharmacological agent is in the following forms:

powder for further preparation of injection solutions - 0.25 g, or 0.5 g, as well as 1 g or 2 g;
powder for the preparation of infusion solutions.

The manufacturer does not produce the medicine in tablets or syrup.

Available pharmacological effects

Since the product is a semi-synthetic antibacterial drug from the subgroup of cephalosporins of the latest generation, its maximum bactericidal activity is guaranteed due to the powerful suppression of the activity of cell membranes of pathogenic microorganisms. At the same time, the drug has optimal resistance to the effects of beta-lactamases.

The drug exhibits broad activity in suppressing both gram-positive and gram-negative flora.

Ceftriaxone injections: what helps and when they are prescribed

The instructions for the medication “Ceftriaxone” attached to each package indicate that the drug can provide effective assistance for infectious lesions formed due to pathogens sensitive to the drug.

The injection solution “Ceftriaxone” prepared from powder is recommended for antibacterial treatment:

pathologies of the abdominal region - for example, empyema of the gallbladder, severe peritonitis;
infections of the ENT organs or respiratory structures - empyema of pleural tissue, or bronchitis, or lobar pneumonia, as well as abscess of the lung parenchyma;
various infections of bone structures and joint elements, as well as soft tissues and dermis, urogenital structures - pyelonephritis, or pyelitis, or prostatitis, cystitis, as well as epididymitis;
epiglottitis;
emerging infection of burn and wound surfaces;
various lesions of the maxillofacial structures by pathogenic flora;
severe septicemia of bacterial etiology;
endocarditis and meningitis of bacterial origin;
tick-borne type borreliosis;
uncomplicated form of gonorrhea, including in cases where the pathology is provoked by microorganisms that secrete penicillinase;
salmonellosis, as well as an inactive form of carriage;
typhoid fever.

It is possible to use the medication for preoperative prophylaxis, as well as for a course of treatment in patients with an immunodeficient status.

Main contraindications

According to the instructions for the drug "Ceftriaxone", the use of the drug is prohibited in the following conditions:

with existing UC;
disruptions in the functionality of renal and hepatic structures;
in case of individual hypersensitivity to the active and auxiliary substances of the drug "Ceftriaxone", from which injections can cause side effects;
for enteritis, colitis;
in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia.

At the time of pregnancy, the use of the medication is possible for individual indications, but under the strict supervision of a specialist. During lactation, the pharmacological agent requires stopping the baby from breastfeeding. Taking the medication with alcoholic beverages is not compatible, so it is recommended to avoid it for the entire period of treatment with the medication.

The drug "Ceftriaxone": instructions for use and dosage

The pharmacological agent is intended for parenteral administration - for adults and adolescents over 10-12 years of age, the dose will be 0.5-1 g every 12-14 hours or 1-2 g/day. The maximum dose per day should not be more than 4 g.

For babies in the first two weeks after birth, the dose should be 20-50 mg/kg per day. For children of the older age category - up to 12-14 years, the dose is no more than 20-80 mg/kg. For children weighing over 50 kg, the dose is calculated as for adults.

It is necessary to expect an infusion dose of more than 50 mg/kg in 25-30 minutes. The total duration of the treatment course will depend on the diagnosed severity of the pathology. For example, for bacterial meningitis in infants and young children, the dose will be 100 mg/kg once. The dose per day is no more than 4 g. The total duration of the treatment course directly depends on the pathogen identified.

In order to optimally prevent complications after surgery, the medication is administered once in a dose of 1-2 g, directly depending on the risk of infection - 30-90 minutes before surgery. If surgical manipulation of intestinal loops is to be performed, it is also recommended to administer a medication from the 5-nitroimidazoles subgroup.

For diagnosed gonorrhea, the dose is calculated as 250 mg IM once per day. For severe pathologies of an infectious nature of a different localization - at a dose of 25-37.5 mg/kg every 12-14 hours. In pediatric practice, for infectious defects of the dermis, the medication is recommended at a dose of 50-75 mg/kg per day, once, or 25-37.5 mg/kg every 10-12 hours, but not more than 2 g/day.

When the average variant of otitis is diagnosed, the medication is administered parenterally, intramuscularly, at a dose of 50 mg/kg. In people with malfunctions in the renal structures, the dose is adjusted in case of decompensation; it should not exceed 2 g.

How to prepare the solution correctly

Experts indicate that solutions for parenteral administration of the drug must be prepared shortly before use. For example, for intramuscular delivery of the drug into the body, 500 mg of the powder form of the drug is dissolved in 2 ml, and 1 g of the drug is dissolved in 3.5 ml of 1% lidocaine. Dilution of the drug is carried out only with sterile liquid for injection. However, the insertion will be somewhat more painful.

The solution for infusion "Ceftriaxone" is prepared as follows: 2 g of the drug is dissolved in 40 ml of either isotonic sodium chloride liquid, or 5% levulose, or 5% dextrose. The medicine in a volume of 50 mg/kg and above is recommended for infusion delivery into the human body, drip, for about 25 - 30 minutes. Freshly prepared solutions are physically and chemically stable for no more than 5.5 - 6 hours - at room temperature.

When administering the drug intravenously, 500 mg of the powder is dissolved in 5 ml, and 1 g in 10 ml in sterile liquid for injection. Then the prepared solution is administered slowly, about 2.5-4 minutes.

Possible negative effects

Like most pharmaceutical products, the drug "Ceftriaxone" has a number of undesirable effects:

persistent headaches;
previously uncharacteristic dizziness;
failure of the renal structures;
oliguria;
hematuria;
glucosuria;
hypercreatinemia;
dyspeptic disorders;
taste disturbances;
pronounced flatulence;
stomatitis and glossitis;
severe dysbacteriosis;
gastralgia;
disorders in the circulatory system;
tendency to nosebleeds;
various allergic conditions, for example, urticaria, bronchospasm.

Among the local negative reactions, the instructions indicate phlebitis, severe pain along the vein, pain in the thickness of the gluteal muscle.

Analogues of the drug "Ceftriaxone"

Based on their composition, the following analogues are distinguished:

"Azaran".
"Cephogram".
"Axone."
"Ceftriaxone-KMP".
"Longacef".
"Movigip".
"Oframax".
"Torocephus".
"Rocephin".
"Ceftriabol."
"Terzef".
"Lifaxon".
"Ceftriaxone-Vial".
"Forzef".
"Megion".
"Stericephus".
"Cefson".
"Lendatsin"
"Biotraxon".
"Cefaxon".
"Betasporina".
"Madakson".
"Ceftriaxone Elfa".
"Hizon".
"Ceftriaxone-AKOS".
"Triaxon."
"Ceftriaxone sodium salt."
"Cefatrin."

Price

Powder for preparing injections “Ceftriaxone” can be bought in pharmacies in Moscow and other regions of Russia at a price of 23 rubles. In Minsk it costs 5-15 bel. rubles The price of the drug in Kyiv reaches 58 hryvnia, in Kazakhstan – 140 tenge.

Reviews

In most reviews posted on forums dedicated to the discussion of antibacterial drugs, Ceftriaxone is described as a potent medicine that can provide effective assistance in the fight against various pathologies of a bacterial nature. In addition, the drug is approved by specialists for use in infants and pregnant women. However, in some reviews, patients indicate unpleasant pain when administering the medication.

Characteristics of the drug

This is a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It has a wide spectrum of action against many strains of virulent microorganisms. In case of an inflammatory process of infectious origin, the antibiotic group is selected individually based on the results of bacterial culture. The analysis determines which type of antimicrobial agents the bacteria are less resistant to. The prescription of Ceftriaxone is indicated in case of urgent treatment when there is no time to wait for culture results.

Ceftriaxone contains the active substance of the same name, the effect of which is to destroy the membrane of microbial cells. This leads to the death of microorganisms. Ceftriaxone treats diseases caused by many gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. It depresses vital activity:

streptococci;
staphylococci;
E. coli;
Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
clubsiella;
macrosella;
Protea

Ceftriaxone is used only by injection, which many patients do not like, especially children, because it causes pain during insertion. Perhaps tablets will soon be produced, but at the moment there is no such dosage form. Injections help relieve symptoms of the disease in 2-3 days, since they have high bioavailability and the ability to concentrate the active substance in places where infection accumulates.

When to use

Any pathological process caused by the above-mentioned virulent microorganisms is treated with Ceftriaxone.

The medicine is used for:

sepsis;
pneumonia;
respiratory tract diseases;
pathologies of the abdominal organs;
infections of the skeletal system;
peritonitis;
meningitis.

Ceftriaxone injections help cure sexually transmitted diseases (gonorrhea, syphilis), as well as diseases of the urinary system (pyelonephritis). The drug helps with emphyema of the gallbladder or pleura, cholagitis. Ceftriaxone is often used to prevent postoperative infection in patients with reduced immunity.

The use of the drug is contraindicated during pregnancy. A doctor may prescribe injections to a pregnant woman to treat an acute or complicated pathological process. In this case, the ratio is taken into account: how much the medicine will help and the harm caused by the drug. It should be injected with caution in people with impaired renal excretory function, since the medicine can cause the formation of sand in the urinary system.

Ceftriaxone is injected for 3 to 14 days, depending on the severity of the pathology. The course of therapy is determined by the doctor based on the patient’s condition. Even if the signs of the disease have passed, you need to be treated with Ceftriaxone for another 2-3 days. This will consolidate the result and completely destroy pathogenic microbes. Before treatment, the patient must undergo a test to determine the tolerability of this drug and its solvent (Lidocaine). If the patient is allergic to the components of the medicine, the doctor replaces it with an analogue that does not cause an undesirable reaction.

In any case, before starting treatment with Ceftriaxone, you need to visit a doctor, since it is a strong antibiotic that has many contraindications and adverse reactions.

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The medicine contains ceftriaxone- an antibiotic from the class of cephalosporins (β-lactam antibiotics, the chemical structure of which is based on 7-ACC).

What is Ceftriaxone?

According to Wikipedia, ceftriaxone is antibiotic, the bactericidal effect of which is due to its ability to disrupt the synthesis of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls.

The substance is a slightly hygroscopic, finely crystalline powder of yellowish or white color. One bottle of the drug contains 0.25, 0.5, 1 or 2 grams of sterile sodium salt of ceftriaxone.

Release form

Powder 0.25/0.5/1/2 g for preparation:

d/i solution;
solution for infusion therapy.

Ceftriaxone is not available in tablets or syrup.

Pharmacological action

Bactericidal. A third generation drug from the “Cephalosporins” group of antibiotics.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

A universal antibacterial agent, the mechanism of action of which is determined by the ability to suppress the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. The drug exhibits greater resistance to most β-lactamases of Gram (+) and Gram (-) microorganisms.

Active regarding:

Gram (+) aerobes - St. aureus (including penicillinase-producing strains) and Epidermidis, Streptococcus (pneumoniae, pyogenes, viridans group);
Gram (-) aerobes - Enterobacter aerogenes and cloacae, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Haemophilus influenzae (including penicillinase-producing strains) and parainfluenzae, Borrelia burgdorferi, Klebsiella spp. (including pneumoniae), Escherichia coli, Moraxella catarrhalis and diplococci of the genus Neisseria (including penicillinase-producing strains), Morganella morganii, Proteus vulgaris and Proteus mirabilis, Neisseria meningitidis, Serratia spp., some strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
anaerobes - Clostridium spp. (exception - Clostridium difficile), Bacteroides fragilis, Peptostreptococcus spp..

In vitro (clinical significance remains unknown) activity is observed against strains of the following bacteria: Citrobacter diversus and freundii, Salmonella spp. (including against Salmonella typhi), Providencia spp. (including in relation to Providencia rettgeri), Shigella spp.; Bacteroides bivius, Streptococcus agalactiae, Bacteroides melaninogenicus.

Resistant to methicillin Staphylococcus, many strains of Enterococcus (including Str. faecalis) and Streptococcus group D are resistant to (including ceftriaxone).

Pharmacokinetic parameters:

bioavailability - 100%;
T Cmax when Ceftriaxone is administered intravenously - at the end of the infusion, when administered intramuscularly - 2-3 hours;
connection with plasma proteins - from 83 to 96%;
T1/2 with intramuscular administration - from 5.8 to 8.7 hours, with intravenous administration - from 4.3 to 15.7 hours (depending on the disease, the age of the patient and the condition of his kidneys).

In adults, the concentration of ceftriaxone in the cerebrospinal fluid when administered 50 mg/kg after 2-24 hours is many times higher than the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) for the most common pathogens meningococcal infection. The drug penetrates well into the cerebrospinal fluid during inflammation of the meninges.

Ceftriaxone is excreted unchanged:

kidneys - by 33-67% (in newborn babies this figure is 70%);
with bile into the intestines (where the drug is inactivated) - by 40-50%.

Hemodialysis is ineffective.

Indications for use of Ceftriaxone

The annotation states that the indications for the use of Ceftriaxone are infections caused by bacteria sensitive to the drug. Intravenous infusions and injections of medications are prescribed to treat:

abdominal infections (including empyema of the gallbladder, angiocholitis, peritonitis), ENT organs and respiratory tract ( pleural empyema, pneumonia, bronchitis, lung abscess etc.), bone and joint tissue, soft tissues and skin, urogenital tract (including pyelonephritis, pyelitis, prostatitis, cystitis, epididymitis);
epiglottitis;
infected burns/wounds;
infectious lesions of the maxillofacial area;
bacterial septicemia;
sepsis;
bacterial endocarditis;
bacterial meningitis;
syphilis;
chancroid;
tick-borne borreliosis(Lyme disease);
uncomplicated gonorrhea(including in cases where the disease is caused by microorganisms that secrete penicillinase);
salmonellosis/salmonella carriage;
typhoid fever.

The drug is also used for perioperative prophylaxis and for the treatment of patients with weakened immunity.

What is Ceftriaxone used for for syphilis?

Despite the fact that in various forms syphilis the drug of choice is penicillin, its effectiveness may be limited in some cases.

For use cephalosporin antibiotics resorted to as a backup option in case of drug intolerance penicillin group.

The valuable properties of the drug are:

the presence in its composition of chemical substances that have the ability to suppress the formation of cell membranes and mucopeptide synthesis in the walls of bacterial cells;
the ability to quickly penetrate organs, fluids and tissues of the body and, in particular, liquor, which in patients with syphilis undergoes many specific changes;
Possibility of use for the treatment of pregnant women.

The medicine is most effective in cases where the causative agent of the disease is Treponema pallidum, since the distinctive feature of Ceftriaxone is its high treponemocidal activity. The positive effect is especially pronounced with intramuscular administration of the drug.

Treatment syphilis with the use of the drug gives good results not only in the early stages of the disease, but also in advanced cases: with neurosyphilis, as well as with secondary and hidden syphilis.

Since T1/2 of Ceftriaxone is approximately 8 hours, the drug can be used equally successfully in both inpatient and outpatient treatment regimens. It is enough to administer the drug to the patient once a day.

For preventive treatment, the drug is administered for 5 days, for primary syphilis- 10-day course, early hidden and secondary syphilis are treated within 3 weeks.

When forms are not running neurosyphilis the patient is administered a single dose of 1-2 g of Ceftriaxone for 20 days; in the later stages of the disease, the medicine is administered at a dose of 1 g/day. for 3 weeks, after which an interval of 14 days is maintained and treatment with a similar dosage is carried out for 10 days.

In acute generalized meningitis And syphilitic meningoencephalitis the dose is increased to 5 g/day.

Ceftriaxone injections: why is the drug prescribed for angina in adults and children?

Even though antibiotic effective for various lesions nasopharynx(including when sore throat and at sinusitis), it is generally rarely used as a drug of choice, especially in pediatrics.

At sore throat The medicine can be administered through a dropper into a vein or in the form of regular injections into the muscle. However, in the vast majority of cases, the patient is prescribed intramuscular injections. The solution is prepared immediately before use. The finished mixture remains stable at room temperature for 6 hours after preparation.

Children at sore throat Ceftriaxone is prescribed in exceptional cases when acute sore throat complicated by severe suppuration and inflammation.

The appropriate dosage is determined by the attending physician.

During pregnancy, the drug is prescribed in cases where it is not effective antibiotics of the penicillin group. Although the medicine crosses the placental barrier, it does not have a significant effect on the health and development of the fetus.

Treatment of sinusitis with Ceftriaxone

At sinusitis Antibacterial agents are first-line drugs. Completely penetrating the blood, Ceftriaxone is retained at the site of inflammation in the required concentrations.

As a rule, the medicine is prescribed in combination with mucolytics, vasoconstrictors etc.

How to inject the drug when sinusitis? Typically, the patient is prescribed Ceftriaxone to be injected into the muscle twice a day, 0.5-1 g. Before injection, the powder is mixed with Lidocaine(it is preferable to use a one percent solution) or d/i water.

Treatment lasts at least 1 week.

Contraindications

Ceftriaxone is not prescribed in cases of known hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics or auxiliary components of the drug.

Relative contraindications:

neonatal period if the child has hyperbilirubinemia;
prematurity;
renal/liver failure;
enteritis, UC or colitis, associated with the use antibacterial agents;
pregnancy;
lactation.

Side effects of Ceftriaxone

Side effects of the drug appear as:

hypersensitivity reactions - eosinophilia, fever, skin itching, hives, edema, skin rash, multiform (in some cases malignant) exudative erythema,serum sickness, anaphylactic shock, chills;
headache and dizziness;
oliguria;
dysfunction of the digestive system (nausea, vomiting, flatulence, taste disturbance, stomatitis, diarrhea, glossitis, sludge formation in the gallbladder and pseudocholelithiasis, pseudomembranous enterocolitis, dysbacteriosis, candidomycosis and other superinfections);
hematopoiesis disorders ( anemia, including hemolytic;lympho-, leuko-, neutro-, thrombocyto-, granulocytopenia; thrombo- And leukocytosis,hematuria, basophilia, nosebleeds).

If the medicine is administered intravenously, inflammation of the venous wall, as well as pain along the vein, is possible. The injection of the drug into the muscle is accompanied by pain at the injection site.

Ceftriaxone (injections and IV infusion) may also affect laboratory parameters. The patient's prothrombin time decreases (or increases), the activity of alkaline phosphatase and liver transaminases increases, as well as the concentration of urea, develop hypercreatininemia, hyperbilirubinemia, glucosuria.

Ceftriaxone ® is a bactericidal antibiotic belonging to the 3rd generation class. The drug is characterized by a prolonged action and high efficiency against most gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens, including strains that secrete penicillinases and cephalosporinases.

The price depends on the manufacturer. Russian Ceftriaxone ®, regardless of the manufacturer, is an inexpensive antibiotic. For example, an ampoule (1 g) produced by the pharmaceutical company Sintez AKOMP ® will cost the buyer 27 rubles, Biokhimik ® Saransk - 29 rubles, and Lekko ® - 36 rubles.

Swiss Ceftriaxone ® produced by the pharmaceutical company Hoffmann la Roche ® costs about 550 rubles per ampoule.

It has powerful bactericidal activity and an ultra-wide spectrum of antimicrobial effects. The mechanism of the antibacterial action of Ceftriaxone ® is realized through the active acetylation of membrane-bound transpeptidases, leading to destabilization of the cross-linking of supporting polymers in the bacterial cell. Violation of the membrane strength leads to rapid cell death.

It should be noted that the drug is able to cross the placental barrier, therefore Ceftriaxone ® is not recommended to be administered during pregnancy in the 1st trimester. During lactation, up to four percent of the antibiotic concentration in the blood can be excreted in breast milk.

The required bactericidal levels in the blood are achieved 1.5 hours after administration. Since the drug has a prolonged effect, the minimum antimicrobial concentration in the body is maintained in the blood throughout the day, which allows it to be administered once a day. However, in case of severe infection or a high risk of complications, it is preferable to divide the daily dose into 2 administrations. This allows you to maintain higher bactericidal concentrations. Also, the daily dose should be divided into 2 times when prescribing high doses.

In patients over seventy-five years of age, the elimination period is prolonged due to age-related decline in renal function. In this regard, adjustment of the prescribed dose may be required. It is preferable to administer the daily dose to such patients at one time.

This medication is eliminated from the body primarily through urine. Part of the drug is disposed of along with bile.

Pharmacological group

The drug belongs to the third generation cephalosporin antibiotics.

Ceftriaxone ® - release form

It has only an injection form of release. The antibiotic is sold in pharmacies with a doctor's prescription.

The pharmacological group of ceftriaxone is third generation parenteral, that is, it can only be used intramuscularly or intravenously. Sold in ampoules of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg. Rocephin is available in an additional dosage of 250 mg.

Photo of Ceftriaxone ® Kabi 1000 mg powder for the preparation of a solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration

Ceftriaxone ® prescription in Latin

Ceftriaxone ® in Latin is Ceftriaxoni.

Rp.: Ceftriaxoni 1.0

S. In the supplied solvent IM, once a day.

Ceftriaxone ® - composition of the drug

The antibiotic is produced in the form of a sodium salt. The active substance, ceftriaxone, easily penetrates into body fluids and environments and accumulates significantly in inflamed tissues. With inflammation of the meninges, the antibiotic can accumulate in the cerebrospinal fluid.

Rofecin ® – in the form of a disodium derivative (disodium hydrate). Each ampoule of Rofecin ® is completed with a solvent (lidocaine or injection water).

What does Ceftriaxone ® help with?

The antibiotic has an ultra-broad spectrum of antimicrobial effects, covering staphylococci, pneumococci, citrobacter, most strains of enterobacter, Escherichia coli, Ducray's bacillus, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella, Moraxella, gonococci, meningococci, Proteus, salmonella, serracia, shigella, yersinia, some clostridia and fus bacteria , peptococci, peptostreptococci, white treponema.

Methicillin-resistant staphylococci, some enterococci, listeria, bacteroides and clostridium deficille are absolutely resistant to Ceftriaxone ®.

Ceftriaxone ® - indications for use

An antibiotic can be used for:

bacterial infection of the abdominal cavity (abdominal organs). Can be prescribed for the treatment of abscess, phlegmon, empyema of the gallbladder, bacterial inflammation of the bile ducts, peritonitis, etc.;
infections of ENT organs and respiratory organs. systems (including complicated ones, abscesses of lung tissue, pleural empyema);
carriage of salmonella and;
typhoid fever;
osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, ;
bacterial damage to the skin and stomach, including burns complicated by bacterial flora, etc.;
Lyme disease;
infectious pathologies of the genitourinary system (including gonorrhea, chancroid, syphilis);
endocarditis;
generalization of infection (development of sepsis);
infections, in patients with;
preventive therapy before surgical intervention on the abdominal organs and pelvic organs.

Ceftriaxone ® - contraindications

An absolute contraindication is an allergy to the drug or other beta-lactam antibiotics. This is because among all beta-lactams there is a risk of cross-allergic reactions.

Also, it is not prescribed in the 1st trimester of pregnancy and for women who are breastfeeding.

Considering the mechanism of disposal (urine and bile), the solution can be prescribed for kidney or liver dysfunction, but is not used for combined renal and hepatic failure.

The drug is contraindicated in premature infants less than 41 weeks of age, taking into account gestational age and age after birth. It is also contraindicated in newborns with hyperbillirubinemia.

During antibiotic treatment, intravenous administration of calcium solutions is prohibited, as there is a risk of formation of Ceftriaxone ® Ca salt precipitate.

The drug can be prescribed to children from the first days of life, however, up to two weeks of life it can be used only for health reasons. This is due to its ability to displace bilirubin from its association with serum albumin. This can lead to the development of hyperbilirubinemia and cause kernicterus.

Given partial disposal with bile, the drug is not prescribed to patients with biliary obstruction.

An antibiotic containing lidocaine is not administered to children under 12 years of age.

Also, it must be taken into account that lidocaine is contraindicated in women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, patients with atrioventricular block, HF (heart failure), SVC or Stokes-Adams syndrome, weakness of the sinus node, complete transverse block, severe bradyarrhythmia or severe decrease in blood pressure.

Ceftriaxone ® - dosage

Administered intravenously in 10 ml saline. solution 0.9%. The drug must be administered slowly, over two to four minutes.

It is administered intramuscularly with lidocaine, saline. solution, water for injection. It is not recommended to administer more than a gram intramuscularly. Higher dosages are prescribed intravenously.

After 12 years, 1 g medium is administered 1-2 times a day. In severe cases of the disease, a maximum of four grams per day can be administered (in two doses, with an interval of 12 hours).

Babies under 2 weeks of age are prescribed 20-50 mg/kg per day for 1 administration.

Bacterial meningitis is an indication for prescribing one hundred mg/kg of the drug per day during initial therapy. Subsequently, the dose is reduced.

From 14 days to 12 years 20-80 mg/kg per day. If the child weighs more than 50 kg, adult doses must be prescribed.

For patients with kidney pathologies, the dose is reduced in accordance with the GFR. Impaired liver function is also an indication for reducing the daily dose.

How many times a day should an adult inject Ceftriaxone ®?

The drug is administered 1-2 times a day. In case of severe infection, the risk of complications, the prescription of high doses of the drug, as well as the presence of immunodeficiency in the patient, it is preferable to divide the daily dose into two administrations.

Ceftriaxone ® - side effects

The antibiotic is usually well tolerated by patients. However, the risk of developing allergic reactions should be taken into account. They can have varying degrees of severity from redness and rash at the injection site, urticaria, to angioedema or anaphylactic shock.

The risk of anaphylaxis increases when administered with lidocaine ® . Therefore, when prescribing a medication, a test is required. Also, contraindications and restrictions to the use of lidocaine are taken into account.

It is forbidden to self-prescribe the drug, adjust the dosage and duration of treatment. Therapy should be carried out in a hospital setting, under the supervision of the attending physician.

Other undesirable effects may include dyspeptic reactions, diarrhea, phlebitis at the injection site, dysbacteriosis, thrush, changes in the blood count and biochemical analysis. Coagulation disorders are rare (the antibiotic inhibits the intestinal microflora that synthesizes vitamin K) and, as a rule, is typical for patients receiving antiplatelet therapy.

In rare cases, antibiotic-associated diarrhea may develop.

Ceftriaxone ® during pregnancy and breastfeeding

The antibiotic is able to cross the placental barrier, but does not have embryotoxic or teratogenic effects. Ceftriaxone ® during pregnancy is not recommended for administration in the first trimester, since there is insufficient data on its safety in this category of patients. Controlled animal studies have not shown toxic effects on the fetus, so antibiotics can be used in the 2nd and 3rd trimester.

Ceftriaxone ® during lactation can be excreted in breast milk, therefore, when prescribing it to breastfeeding women, it is recommended to temporarily stop breastfeeding. This is due to the fact that the antibiotic released in breast milk can cause sensitization of the baby, the development of oral thrush and intestinal dysbiosis.

Ceftriaxone ® and alcohol - compatibility

Ceftriaxone ® and alcohol are strictly incompatible. Firstly, given that the solution is partially utilized by the liver, such a combination can lead to the development of jaundice and drug-induced hepatitis.

Secondly, drinking alcohol during antibiotic therapy can cause severe intoxication and toxic kidney damage.

Thirdly, this can lead to the development of a severe disulfiram-like reaction. It can manifest itself as tachycardia, chills, tremors of the limbs, convulsions, cardiac arrhythmias, arterial hypotension, even collapse.

Allergy to Ceftriaxone ®

It is not prescribed to patients with allergies to other beta-lactams, due to the high risk of cross-allergic reactions.

Also, before administration it is always necessary to perform a test.

Allergic manifestations can vary from urticaria to anaphylaxis (in the absence of timely medical care, death is possible).

Deaths have been associated with its dilution and administration with lidocaine. Given the risk of anaphylactic shock, self-treatment with an antibiotic is strictly prohibited. The drug should be used exclusively in a hospital setting, after testing.

The drug diluted with lidocaine ® is administered only intramuscularly; intravenous administration is strictly contraindicated.

When prescribed intramuscularly, 250 or 500 mg of the solution is diluted in two ml of 1% lidocaine ®. One gram of antibiotic is diluted with 3.5 milliliters of one percent lidocaine ®.

If two percent lidocaine ® is used, injection water should also be used. When administering 250 and 500 ml of antibiotic, it is diluted with 1 ml of lidocaine ® (2%) and 1 ml of water for injection. One gram of antibiotic is diluted with 1.8 ml lidocaine ® + 1.8 ml injection water.

Can ceftriaxone ® be diluted with novocaine?

Recent studies have shown that the drug should not be diluted with novocaine for administration. Its use carries a risk of anaphylaxis. It also reduces the activity of cephalosporin and relieves pain worse than lidocaine ®.

Ceftriaxone ® injections – reviews from doctors

The medicine has repeatedly proven its effectiveness in the treatment of infections of the ENT and respiratory organs. systems, infections of OBP, skin, etc.

However, it must be remembered that the product should be used only as directed and under the supervision of a physician. This will reduce the risk of developing unwanted effects.

Patients note a rapid and lasting improvement. Negative reviews of the drug are most often associated with its pain when administered intramuscularly.

Few people know that the increase in human life expectancy is most directly related to the invention of antibiotics.

Most of the severe pathologies have subsided thanks to the use of this group of drugs. However, pathogenic microorganisms do not sleep either. They have learned to adapt to the action of antibacterial drugs.

That is why scientists do not stop there; they do not stop conducting research and inventing new medicines that help cure a wide variety of diseases.

Cephalosporins belong to a new generation of antibacterial drugs. One of the most commonly used representatives of this group is Ceftriaxone (an antibiotic). The medicine is intended for treatment in inpatient settings. At home, especially if a person does not have a medical education, it is not recommended to use the product.

Ceftriaxone is a 3rd generation broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibacterial agent. The medicine is effective against aerobic and anaerobic gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms. The product is intended exclusively for parenteral use (via intramuscular or intravenous injections).

The medicine has pronounced bactericidal properties. The action of the antibiotic Ceftriaxone is achieved by inhibiting bacterial cells and other pathogens.

The medication is prescribed to both adults and children. The antibiotic is effective in the treatment of pathologies of inflammatory and infectious nature, in particular sinusitis, bronchitis, sore throat and pneumonia. However, it is not recommended to use it without the knowledge of a specialist. Reviews of the drug and its therapeutic effect are mostly positive, since the medicine is effective and, moreover, is sold at a very affordable price.

The antibiotic Ceftriaxone, according to the instructions, has a high penetrating ability, so for therapy it is enough to use it once a day. One to two hours after using the product, the highest levels of the product in the blood are observed. When the drug is administered intramuscularly, complete absorption of the drug by the body is noted.

When the drug is administered intravenously, the highest content of the composition in the blood is observed after an hour. Ceftriaxone, an antibiotic, accumulates in the body in large quantities after administration and remains at this level throughout the day.

The product is produced exclusively in powder form. The active ingredient of the drug is ceftriaxone. The powder can be diluted with either lidocaine or water for injection.

Why are Ceftriaxone injections prescribed: indications and contraindications, dosage

The medicine is effective in the treatment of diseases of inflammatory and infectious nature. Only the attending physician can prescribe the drug. In addition, injections should only be carried out by a qualified specialist.

Many people are interested in the question: “Why are Ceftriaxone injections prescribed?”

The drug is effective for:

wound infections;
meningitis;
sepsis;
infectious pathologies of the dermis, bones and joints;
gonorrhea;
cholangitis;
salmonellosis;
bronchitis;
endocarditis;
Lyme disease;
syphilis;
typhoid fever.

The medicine is well tolerated by patients. Side effects are rare. However, there are cases in which Ceftriaxone injections are not prescribed. The drug is not used to treat people with individual intolerance, severe pathologies of the liver and kidneys, ulcerative colitis, enteritis. The medication is not prescribed to infants with hyperbilirubinemia.

Ceftriaxone is prescribed with the utmost caution to pregnant and breastfeeding women, as well as young children, and only when the expected therapeutic effect outweighs the likelihood of an adverse effect.

In the first trimester of pregnancy, Ceftriaxone injections are also not prescribed, since at this time the organs and systems of the fetus are being formed. The use of medication in the early stages of gestation is fraught with various disorders in the development of the child.

Inappropriate use of the drug, improper dilution or abuse of Ceftriaxone can lead to the appearance of:

fever and chills;
bronchospasm;
skin rashes;
itching;
anaphylactic shock;
anemia;
flatulence;
bowel disorders;
pain in the epigastrium;
nausea;
vomiting;
dysbacteriosis;
anuria;
oliguria;
pain along the vein or at the injection site;
phlebitis;
nosebleeds;
pre-fainting states;
headaches;
candidiasis.

During therapy you should refrain from drinking alcohol. Drinking alcoholic beverages is fraught with a significant decrease in blood pressure and intestinal spasms.

The drug is produced exclusively in powder form. There is no tablet form of Ceftriaxone. To administer the drug intramuscularly, it must be diluted with lidocaine, and for intravenous administration - with water for injection.

If you need to make a solution for intramuscular administration, 500 mg of the drug must be diluted in a solution of 1% lidocaine, in two milliliters. For intravenous administration, it is necessary to dilute 500 mg of the drug in 5 ml of water for injection. Fresh solution remains stable and effective for six hours.

The drug is prescribed in the following doses:

adults and children over twelve years old - 1 mg per day. In case of severe infectious processes, the daily dose is doubled;
a newborn up to two weeks is prescribed the use of 20-50 mg of the drug per kilogram of weight, once a day;
infants and children under 12 years of age are prescribed 20-80 mg of powder per kilogram of weight, once a day;
a child whose weight is more than 50 kg is prescribed an adult dosage.

In order to prevent the development of complications after surgery, one milligram of the drug is prescribed before surgery.

The dose of the medication is selected taking into account the pathology and its severity. Sometimes, for example, with gonorrhea, just a single dose of 250 mg is enough. When treating syphilis, the duration of the course depends on the stage of the disease. The average course duration is from two weeks to one and a half months.

The duration of the course for other pathologies is on average half a month.

The first injection of a medicine with lidocaine should be carried out with extreme caution, since the anesthetic can provoke a severe allergic reaction. Before starting therapy, it is necessary to do a test. A little solution, about 0.5 ml, must be injected intramuscularly and wait half an hour. If there are no negative manifestations, it is necessary to inject the remaining product into the other buttock.

The safest way to test sensitivity to a drug is to perform a scratch test. On the inside of the forearm, several shallow scratches are made with a scarifier. A solution is applied to them, literally a couple of drops. The result is assessed after a few minutes. If there is no significant redness or swelling, you can use the drug.

Do not use the medicine without the knowledge of a specialist. It is important to know why Ceftriaxone injections are prescribed. Detailed information is provided in the instructions.

The medicine has many analogues; the doctor can replace Ceftriaxone with the following drugs: