The concept of “targeted financing” applies to a fairly wide range of business operations. There is no specific definition of target financing in accounting. The Instructions for the Application of the Chart of Accounts indicate only that information on the movement of funds received from other organizations and individuals, as well as budget funds intended for the implementation of targeted activities, is summarized in account 86 “Targeted Financing”.

In turn, tax accounting defines two groups of target funds - target revenues and target financing (Article 251 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). The difference between these concepts lies in the nature of their occurrence and the purposes for the further use of funds. Targeted financing is revenue received by the taxpayer from the budget, as well as from other organizations (legal entities) and individuals, provided to finance certain targeted programs (works).

Sources of targeted funding are:

Budget allocations;
- contributions from individuals;
- funds coming from other organizations;
- funds from special purpose funds, etc.

Targeted financing funds are spent in accordance with approved estimates. Use of these products for purposes other than their intended purpose is prohibited.

Targeted financing is the receipt of funds that can be used in accordance with the tasks determined by the entity that allocated them. Thus, the scope of application of such funds is limited to certain conditions. If these conditions are met, the funds received become the company’s own; if not met, they require a return and are classified as accounts payable. Targeted financing is any controlled transfer of funds at different levels of business (as well as non-commercial) activity: from one structural unit to another, financing the development of an enterprise (advertising companies, capital construction, development of a new line of business, other investments), receiving funds from government bodies for carrying out targeted events, etc.

The bulk of targeted financing can, as a rule, be funds received by a commercial organization in the form of government assistance. State assistance is direct economic actions aimed at increasing economic benefits for the organization, in the form of subventions and subsidies, non-repayable loans, and financing of individual events.

PBU 22/2010 establishes the following forms of government assistance provided:

Subventions and subsidies (hereinafter subventions and subsidies are referred to as budget funds);
- budget loans (except for tax credits, deferments and installments for the payment of taxes and payments and other obligations), including provision in the form of resources other than cash (land plots, natural resources and other property);
- other forms of government assistance.

A subvention is budgetary funds provided to a commercial organization on a free and irrevocable basis for the implementation of certain targeted expenses.

A subsidy is budget funds provided to a commercial organization on the basis of shared financing of targeted expenses.

A budget loan is a form of financing budget expenditures that provides for the provision of funds to a commercial organization on a repayable and reimbursable basis. A benefit provided to an organization that cannot be reasonably assessed (providing consulting services free of charge, providing guarantees, interest-free loans or loans with a reduced interest rate, etc.), and also cannot be separated from the normal economic activities of the organization (for example, government procurement) , is considered other forms of government assistance.

Targeted funding can be used for the following purposes:

Financing expenses or covering losses,
- Maintaining the financial position of the enterprise, replenishing its funds,
- For the acquisition of assets.

The following does not apply to targeted financing and is not reflected in this account:

Receiving assistance in the form of benefits, including taxes, tax credits, holidays and exemptions;
- obtaining loans and other repayable funds;
- reflection of operations related to the management of state property, state participation in the capital of the enterprise.

The list of targeted funding is closed and includes:

Funds from budgets of all levels, state extra-budgetary funds allocated to budgetary institutions according to the estimate of income and expenses of the budgetary institution;
- received grants;
- investments received during investment competitions (bidding) in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation;
- investments received from foreign investors to finance capital investments for production purposes, subject to their use within one calendar year from the date of receipt;
- funds of shareholders accumulated in the accounts of the organization - developer;
- funds received by the mutual insurance company from organizations - members of the mutual insurance company;
- funds received from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Russian Humanitarian Scientific Foundation, the Fund for Assistance to the Development of Small Enterprises in the Scientific and Technical Sphere, the Federal Fund for Manufacturing Innovation;
- funds received by nuclear plants from the reserves of operating organizations intended to ensure the safety of nuclear plants at all stages of the life cycle and their development in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on the use of atomic energy. The specified income is subject to inclusion in non-operating income in the case where the recipient actually used such funds for other purposes or did not use them for the intended purpose within one year after the end of the tax period in which they were received.

A necessary condition for recognizing funds as targeted is the determination by the organization (individual) - the source of targeted financing - of the intended use of the received property.

Organizations that have received targeted financing are required to keep separate records of income and expenses received (made) within the framework of targeted financing to confirm the fact that the targeted financing is used for a specific purpose. If the organization that has received targeted financing does not have such records, these funds are considered as subject to taxation from the date of their receipt.

In the financial statements of the organization (in the explanatory note), at least the following information regarding funds for targeted financing is subject to disclosure:

The nature and amount of budget funds recognized in accounting in the reporting year;
- purpose and amount of budget loans;
- the nature of other forms of government assistance from which the organization directly receives economic benefits;
- conditions for the provision of budget funds that were not fulfilled as of the reporting date and the associated contingent liabilities and contingent assets.

Thus, funds of targeted financing include property received by the taxpayer and used by him for the purpose determined by the organization (individual) - the source of targeted financing (clause 15, clause 1, article 251 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). This subclause establishes a closed list of income recognized as funds of targeted financing.

"Audit statements", N 6, 2004

Targeted revenues in the accounting system are contributions, payments from various legal entities and individuals to reimburse expenses made by the organization in the interests of these individuals. Targeted revenues include: tuition fees, contributions from parents for the maintenance of their children in children's institutions, contributions from third-party organizations in the form of shared participation in housing construction, revenues from subsidiaries (dependent) companies, etc. Targeted financing in the accounting system - funds from the budget , extra-budgetary funds and other sources provided to organizations to finance certain targeted programs (work) on a non-repayable basis or on the basis of partial return.

The main document regulating targeted financing and revenues in the accounting system is the Accounting Regulations “Accounting for State Aid” PBU 13/2000 (approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated October 16, 2002 N 92n). Accounting generates information about government assistance provided in the form of subventions, subsidies (i.e. budget funds), budget loans (except for tax credits, deferments and installments for the payment of taxes and payments and other obligations), including provision in the form of resources , other than cash (land, natural resources and other property), and in other forms. Information on state assistance is generated regardless of the type of resources provided (in the form of funds and/or in the form of resources other than funds).

For accounting purposes, targeted financing funds are divided into (clause 4 of PBU 13/2000):

• funds to finance capital expenses associated with the purchase, construction or other acquisition of non-current assets (fixed assets, etc.);
• funds to finance current expenses, which include budget funds other than those intended to finance capital expenses.

According to clause 9 of PBU 13/2000, budget funds are written off from the target financing account as follows:

amounts of budget funds for financing capital expenditures - during the useful life of non-current assets subject to depreciation in accordance with the current rules, or during the period of recognition of expenses associated with fulfilling the conditions for the provision of budget funds for the acquisition of non-current assets not subject to depreciation in accordance with the current rules;

amounts of budget funds to finance current expenses - during the periods of recognition of the expenses for which they were provided.

In our opinion, targeted financing and targeted revenues should be classified according to certain criteria (Table 1).

Table 1

Classification of target revenues and target financing in the accounting system

Targeted funding and revenues are spent in strict accordance with approved budgets. It is prohibited to use targeted funding and revenues for other purposes, as well as to direct other funds to needs that should be financed only from targeted sources. Targeted financing and revenues received on a non-repayable basis are a source of increasing the organization's equity capital. For example, when registering property, the source of which was targeted financing of capital construction or replenishment of working capital, the cost of this property is attributed to the increase in the organization’s additional capital.

To summarize information on the movement of funds intended for the implementation of targeted activities, funds received from other organizations and individuals, budgetary funds and others, account 86 “Targeted financing” is intended.

In order to organize analytical accounting of target financing and revenues, organizations in their activities are invited to use a working chart of accounts for account 86 in the context of subaccounts, which is based on their classification according to various criteria (Table 2).

Table 2

Working chart of accounts for financial and economic activities of organizations (account 86)

Depending on the type of organization (commercial or non-profit), targeted funding and revenues can be used to carry out statutory activities, as well as to implement targeted programs and projects.

The source of the formation of the property of a non-profit organization is, in particular, membership fees - regular cash receipts from members of the organization (Clause 1, Article 26 of the Federal Law of January 12, 1996 N 7-FZ “On Non-Profit Organizations”).

In accounting, membership fees received from members of the association for the purpose of carrying out its statutory activities are reflected by the entry:

Debit 76, Credit 86.

When receiving funds for targeted financing, the following entry is made to the organization’s current account:

Debit 51, Credit 76.

In accordance with clause 32.1 of the Methodological recommendations for the application of Chapter 21 “Value Added Tax” of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, approved by Order of the Ministry of Taxes of Russia dated December 20, 2000 N BG-3-03/447 (hereinafter referred to as the Methodological Recommendations), to targeted revenues for the maintenance of non-profit organizations and the conduct of their statutory activities include, in particular, membership fees made in accordance with the legislation on non-profit organizations. Such revenues are not taken into account when determining the tax base for VAT, and, therefore, VAT amounts are not reflected in accounting.

The use of targeted revenue funds can be used by a non-profit organization to maintain the management apparatus, rent premises, pay utility bills and cover other expenses. The following entries are made in accounting:

Debit 26, Credit 70 - for the amount of accrued wages to the organization’s management staff,

Debit 26, Credit 69 - for the amount of deductions of the unified social tax from the salaries of management employees,

Debit 26, Credit 60 - for the amount of production services (communication services, rent, utility bills).

VAT amounts presented by specialized organizations in invoices for production services are not subject to tax deduction in accordance with paragraph 1, paragraph 2, Article 171 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation and are taken into account in the cost of these services on the basis of paragraph 1, paragraph 2, Article 170 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, since utilities are consumed by an organization in the process of carrying out activities that do not create an object of VAT taxation, determined in accordance with Article 146 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.

The use of target proceeds is reflected by the entry:

Debit 86, Credit 26.

Example 1. The youth creative club is a non-profit organization whose main activity is holding cultural events. Activities are based on funds from membership fees, as well as on attracting budget and other funding.

When the organization was created, the amount of membership fees received was 150,000 rubles. In March 2004, the organization incurred expenses to pay for: the cost of materials purchased for sewing suits, in the amount of 20,060 rubles, including VAT of 3,060 rubles; the cost of sewing suits in the studio is 7,080 rubles, including VAT 1,080 rubles; the cost of tickets to the folk art exhibition is 4720 rubles.

The management staff of the organization received a salary for March in the amount of 17,000 rubles. Paid travel expenses related to the main activity of the organization - 5,000 rubles.

The following entries are made in the accounting records of an organization:

Debit 50, 51, Credit 76 - 150,000 rub. - membership fees have been received at the cash desk and into the current account of the organization,

Debit 76, Credit 86 - 150,000 rub. - reflects the amount of membership fees received from members of the organization for the purpose of carrying out statutory activities,

Debit 10, Credit 60 - 17,000 rub. - reflects the cost of materials purchased for sewing suits,

Debit 19, Credit 60 - 3060 rub. - the amount of VAT is reflected on the cost of purchased materials,

Debit 26, Credit 60 - 6000 rub. - the cost of tailoring services is reflected,

Debit 19, Credit 60 - 1080 rub. - reflects the amount of VAT on the cost of services,

Debit 26, Credit 10 - 17,000 rub. - materials for sewing suits were written off,

Debit 26, Credit 70 - 17,000 rub. - wages accrued to employees of the organization’s management apparatus,

Debit 26, Credit 69 - 6052 rub. - deductions of the unified social tax were made from the accrued wages of management employees (at a rate of 35.6%),

Debit 50-3, Credit 60 - 4720 rub. - reflects the cost of purchased tickets to the folk art exhibition,

Debit 26, Credit 71 - 5000 rub. - travel expenses related to the main activity of the organization are written off.

The use of targeted funds must be documented. The following entries are made in accounting:

Debit 86, Credit 26 - 51,052 rub. (6000 + 17 000 + 17 000 + 6052 + 5000) - current expenses of the organization are written off from targeted financing funds,

Debit 86, Credit 19 - 4140 rub. (3060 + 1080) - the amount of VAT on purchased materials and services is written off from targeted financing funds,

Debit 86, Credit 50-3 “Cash documents” - 4720 rubles. - the cost of used tickets was written off using targeted funding.

The principle of accounting for target financing is similar to accounting for target revenues. One type of targeted financing is state assistance provided by the state to commercial organizations.

PBU 13/2000 provides for the accounting of state aid in two cases.

Firstly, as budget funds are actually received and, secondly, if there is confidence that the conditions for the provision of budget funds by the organization will be met and that budget funds will be received.

In the first case, confirmation is required by concluded contracts, feasibility studies, approved design and estimate documentation and other similar documentation. In the second case - notifications of budget allocations, limits of budget obligations, approved budget schedule and other documents.

In the first case, the acceptance of received budget funds for accounting is reflected by the entry:

Debit 51, 55, Credit 86.

The receipt of property from budget funds is reflected by the entry:

Debit 08, 10, Credit 86.

In the second case, the allocation of budget funds is reflected as the occurrence of debt for targeted budget funds:

Debit 76, Credit 86.

Example 2. In March 2004, the organization put into operation a cultural and recreation center, built using targeted funding (subsidies) provided from the local budget. Construction was carried out by contract. In the same month, documents for the commissioned facility were submitted for state registration of ownership. The main activity of the center is the organization of cultural, educational and entertainment events.

The estimated cost of construction is RUB 11,800,000. (including VAT RUB 1,800,000). The certificate of state registration of ownership of the constructed cultural and recreation center was received in April 2004. The useful life of the center is established on the basis of the Classification of fixed assets included in depreciation groups, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated January 1, 2002 N 1, equal to 40 years. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method.

The constructed cultural and recreation center on the basis of documents provided by the contractor is reflected in accounting at the estimated cost as an investment in non-current assets:

Debit 08-3 "Construction of fixed assets", Credit 60 - 10,000,000 rubles. - the estimated cost of the center is reflected,

Debit 19, Credit 60 - 1,800,000 rub. - reflects the amount of VAT indicated in the contractor’s invoice.

The commissioned cultural and recreation center is accepted by the organization for accounting as part of profitable investments in material assets, for which account 03 “Income investments in material assets” is intended.

Accounting for profitable investments in material assets is carried out in accordance with the Accounting Regulations “Accounting for Fixed Assets” PBU 6/01, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated March 30, 2001 N 26n (clause 2). Profitable investments in material assets are taken into account at their original cost, which (when acquired for a fee) recognizes the amount of the organization's actual costs for acquisition, construction and production, with the exception of value added tax and other refundable taxes (except for cases provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation) (clauses 5, 6 PBU 6/01).

The constructed cultural and recreation center is used to provide services that are exempt from VAT on the basis of paragraph 20, paragraph 2, article 149 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. Consequently, the amount of VAT paid to the contractor during the construction of the house, in accordance with paragraph 1, paragraph 2, Article 170 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, is included in the initial cost of the center.

After state registration of a culture and recreation center, the following entries are made in the accounting records:

Debit 01, Credit 03 - 10,000,000 rub. - the initial cost of the object is reflected,

Debit 01, Credit 19 - 1,180,000 rub. - reflects the amount of VAT included in the initial cost of the object.

Since the construction of the cultural and recreation center was carried out by the organization at the expense of raised funds - a subvention provided from the local budget (budget funds provided on a gratuitous and irrevocable basis), budget funds accepted for accounting (subject to the conditions of clause 5 of PBU 13/2000), are reflected as the occurrence of targeted financing and debt on these funds:

Debit 76, Credit 86 - 11,180,000 rub.

As funds are actually received, the corresponding amounts reduce the debt and are reflected in the entry:

Debit 51, Credit 76 - 11,180,000 rub.

In accordance with clauses 8, 9 of PBU 13/2000, when a cultural and recreation center built at the expense of budgetary funds is put into operation, the amount of targeted funding received for its construction is taken into account as deferred income:

Debit 86, Credit 98 - 11,180,000 rub.

For accounting purposes, in accordance with clause 17 of PBU 6/01, the cost of fixed assets is repaid through depreciation. With the linear method of calculating depreciation, the annual amount of depreciation is determined in accordance with clause 19 of PBU 6/01 based on the original cost of the object and the depreciation rate calculated based on the useful life of this object. The useful life of an object of fixed assets is determined by the organization independently when accepting the object for accounting based on the expected period of use of this object (clause 20 of PBU 6/01). According to the problem, the useful life of the cultural and recreation center is 40 years. Therefore, the annual depreciation rate for accounting purposes is 2.5% (100% / 40).

During the reporting year, depreciation charges for fixed assets are accrued monthly, regardless of the accrual method used, in the amount of 1/12 of the annual amount (clause 19 of PBU 6/01). Accrual of depreciation charges for the center of culture and recreation begins on the first day of May, following the month in which this object was accepted for accounting, and is carried out until the cost of this object is fully repaid or this object is written off from accounting (clause 21 of PBU 6/01).

In accounting, depreciation accrued for the center of culture and recreation is reflected by the entry:

Debit 26, Credit 02 - 23,292 rub. (11,180,000 / 100 x 2.5 / 12).

In accordance with clause 9 of PBU 13/2000 and the Instructions for the application of the Chart of Accounts during the useful life of the cultural and recreation center, the amounts of income recorded in account 98 “Deferred income” are included in the financial results of the organization as non-operating income in the amount of accrued depreciation. A monthly entry is made in accounting:

Debit 98, Credit 91-1 “Other income” - 23,292 rubles.

When using target financing funds at the end of the reporting year, a balance may arise on account 86, which characterizes the balance of unused funds for the unfinished target program. PBU 13/2000 indicates two situations when the credit balance on this account is closed (which actually means repayment of obligations to the financing authority):

• if the funds are intended for capital needs, then the obligations are repaid when non-current assets are put into operation;
• if the funds are intended for current needs, then the obligations are repaid at the time inventory is accepted for accounting and other expenses of a similar nature are incurred.

N.A.Lytneva

E.A.Kyshtymova

Auditing firm "UKAP"

Within the framework of this section, special attention should be paid to the content of targeted funds. Income not subject to income tax includes targeted funds. Targeted funds for profit tax purposes are divided into target financing funds and target revenues.

Targeted financing means. A closed list of targeted financing funds is given in paragraphs. 14 clause 1 art. 251 Tax Code of the Russian Federation.

In particular, these include property received by public associations in the form of:

Grants;

Investments received during investment competitions (bidding) in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation;

Investments received from foreign investors to finance capital investments for production purposes, provided that they are used within one calendar year from the date of receipt;

Funds of shareholders and (or) investors accumulated in the accounts of the developer;

Funds received by the mutual insurance company from organizations - members of the mutual insurance company;

Funds received for the formation of the Russian Fund for Technological Development, as well as other industry and inter-industry funds for financing research and development work, registered in the manner prescribed by the Federal Law of August 23, 1996 No. 127-FZ “On Science and State Scientific Research” -technical policy";

Funds received by enterprises and organizations, which include especially radiation hazardous and nuclear hazardous production and facilities, from reserves intended to ensure the safety of these production and facilities at all stages of the life cycle and their development in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on the use of atomic energy ;

Insurance contributions of banks to the deposit insurance fund in accordance with the federal law on insurance of deposits of individuals in banks of the Russian Federation;

Funds received by medical organizations carrying out medical activities in the compulsory health insurance system for the provision of medical services to insured persons from insurance organizations providing compulsory medical insurance to these persons;

Funds received from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Russian Humanitarian Science Foundation, the Fund for Assistance to the Development of Small Enterprises in the Scientific and Technical Sphere, the Federal Fund for Manufacturing Innovation;

All listed funds of targeted financing relate to income not taken into account for profit tax purposes. But there are certain conditions, if not met, funds for targeted financing may become subject to income tax.

Let's take a closer look at the issue of taxation of grants.

To funds of targeted financing, in accordance with clause 14 of Art. 251 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, refers to property received by the taxpayer and used by him for the purpose determined by the organization (individual) - the source of targeted financing: in the form of received grants.

Grants are understood as funds or other property if their transfer (reception) satisfies the following conditions: grants are provided on a gratuitous and irrevocable basis by individuals, non-profit organizations, including foreign and international organizations and associations.

The list of such organizations was approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 24, 2002 No. 923 “On the List of foreign and international organizations whose grants are not taken into account for tax purposes in the income of Russian organizations that receive grants.”

This list includes:

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

United Nations Industrial Development Organization.

Union of Confederations of Industrialists of the European Economic Community.

International Association for the Promotion of Cooperation with Scientists of the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union.

International Fund for Technology and Investment.

Joint Institute for Nuclear Research.

International Atomic Energy Agency.

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, USA.

American Foundation for Civilian Research and Development for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union, USA.

American Council on International Education.

Wildlife Conservation Society, USA.

National Space Agency, USA.

Russian Public Foundation of Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Switzerland.

Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

There are about 80 organizations in total.

Grants are provided for specific programs in the fields of education, art, culture, environmental protection, as well as scientific research on the terms determined by the grantor, with the obligatory provision of a report to the grantor on the intended use of the grant.

According to the above, grants received by public associations for the implementation of targeted programs related to their statutory activities are not subject to income tax, provided they are actually used for these purposes.

On January 1, 2006, the legislator introduced changes to the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. Changes in paragraphs. 14 clause 1 art. 251 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, firstly, establishes that funds or other property provided by foreign individuals cannot be recognized as grants (previously, funds or property received from any individuals, both Russian and foreign, were recognized as grants).

In addition, the purposes for which grants can be allocated have been clarified. The new purposes for which grants may be allocated are:

a) protection of public health (areas: AIDS, drug addiction, pediatric oncology, including oncohematology, pediatric endocrinology, hepatitis and tuberculosis);

b) protection of human and civil rights and freedoms provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation;

c) social services for low-income and socially vulnerable categories of citizens.

Consequently, from January 1, 2006, funds or property received from foreign individuals are recognized as grants. For profit tax purposes, they are considered as gratuitously received property, which, according to clause 8 of Art. 250 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, is non-operating income and must be included in the tax base at the time of receipt to the current account (for funds) or at the date of signing the act of acceptance and transfer of property (for property received free of charge).

Accordingly, if funds from a foreign individual were received into the current account (in relation to property, a transfer and acceptance certificate was signed) before January 1, 2006, they are not included in the tax base, if after January 1, 2006, they are included.

Likewise, funds and property received before January 1, 2006 for these new purposes are not yet recognized as grants and also, according to clause 8 of Art. 250 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, should be considered as non-operating income and included in the tax base. If these funds are received after January 1, 2006, they will already be recognized as grants (provided that they meet other requirements established in relation to grants in paragraph 14, paragraph 1, Article 251 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) and will not have to be included in tax base.

Organizations that have received targeted funding are required to keep separate records of income and expenses received within the framework of targeted financing. In the absence of accounting, these funds are subject to taxation from the date of their receipt.

Targeted financing funds must be spent strictly for their intended purpose, otherwise they are subject to inclusion in the organization’s non-operating income. For tax purposes, targeted financing funds are included in non-operating income at the time of actual use other than for the intended purpose.

The organization must use the funds received. In accordance with paragraphs. 14 clause 1 art. 251 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, investments received from foreign investors to finance capital investments for production purposes are funds of targeted financing only if they are used within one calendar year from the date of their receipt.

Targeted financing is the allocation (by legal entities, individuals, budget, etc.) of financial resources, funds for a specific purpose for use as a means of achieving a certain goal, solving a socio-economic problem, or creating a certain object. The movement of funds received by the organization as targeted financing is reflected in balance sheet account 86 “Targeted financing”. Analytical accounting on this account is carried out according to the purpose of target funds in the context of funding sources.

The accounting procedure for targeted financing depends on the sources of financing, the form of financing and the intended purpose of spending the funds received:

• 1) funds of targeted financing due to be received under the terms of contracts, agreements, budget notifications, etc. reflected by posting: Debit 76 Credit 86
• 2) receipt of funds on account of target financing: Debit 50, 51, 52 Credit 76
• 3) receipt of property for target financing: Debit 08, 10, 41, 58 Credit 76
• 4) use of targeted financing: by the developer under investment agreements or participation in shared construction:

Debit 86 Credit 08, 19 - transfer of the constructed facility and the amount of “input” VAT to the shareholder (investor) under the transfer and acceptance certificate after putting the facility into operation

5) use of gratuitous financing of current expenses of a commercial organization: Debit 60, 76 Credit 51 and at the same time for the amount used: Debit 86 Credit 98-2 “Gratuitous receipts.”

As appropriate expenses are recognized in accounting: Debit 20 (23, 25, 26, 29, 44) Credit 60. Other income is reflected for the same amount: Debit 98-2 Credit 91-1;

6) use of gratuitous financing of expenses of a commercial organization for the acquisition of fixed assets:

Debit 60 Credit 51 - payment made to the supplier of the fixed asset

Debit 08-4 Credit 60 - fixed assets received by the organization

Debit 01 Credit 08-4 - fixed asset put into operation

Debit 86 Credit 98-2 - the intended use of funds is reflected in deferred income

Debit 20 (23, 25, 26, 29, 44) Credit 02 - depreciation and amortization accrued at the same time

Debit 98-2 Credit 91-1 - part of deferred income in the amount of accrued depreciation is included in other income

7) use of targeted financing of expenses of a non-profit organization:

Debit 20, 26 Credit 60, 76 - services provided, work completed, other expenses incurred using targeted financing are reflected

Debit 20.26 Credit 10 - materials consumed

Debit 20.26 Credit 70, 69 - wages and insurance premiums accrued

Debit 60, 76 Credit 51 - payment has been made to performers, contractors, suppliers, and other counterparties

Debit 69 Credit 51 - insurance contributions to extra-budgetary funds are transferred

Debit 70 Credit 50 - wages issued.

After paying current expenses:

Debit 86 Credit 20, 26 - paid expenses written off from targeted financing funds

8) use by a non-profit organization of targeted financing funds received in the form of non-current assets: Debit 08 Credit 76 and at the same time make an entry for the same amount - Debit 86 Credit 83.

In the Balance Sheet, the balance of target financing funds is reflected as part of long-term (Section IV) or short-term (Section V) liabilities, depending on the period during which the received target financing funds must be used: “more than 12 months” or “no more than 12 months” "

Non-profit organizations display funds for targeted financing as part of the organization's capital (Section III of the balance sheet). Non-profit organizations are also recommended to submit a Report on the intended use of funds received as part of their annual financial statements. Public organizations must submit such a report.

Sources of targeted funding are:

• - budget allocations;
• - contributions from individuals;
• - funds coming from other organizations;
• - funds from special purpose funds, etc.

Targeted financing funds are spent in accordance with approved estimates. The use of the above products for other purposes is prohibited. Targeted financing is the receipt of funds that can be used in accordance with the tasks determined by the entity that allocated them. Thus, the scope of application of such funds is limited to certain conditions. If these conditions are met, the funds received become the company’s own; if not met, they require a return and are classified as accounts payable. Targeted financing is any controlled transfer of funds at different levels of business (as well as non-commercial) activity: from one structural unit to another, financing the development of an enterprise (advertising companies, capital construction, development of a new line of business, other investments), receiving funds from government bodies for carrying out targeted activities, etc. The bulk of targeted financing may consist of funds received by a commercial organization in the form of government assistance. State assistance is direct economic actions aimed at increasing economic benefits for the organization, in the form of subventions and subsidies, non-repayable loans, and financing of individual events.

PBU 13/2000 defines the following forms of government assistance provided:

• - subventions and subsidies (hereinafter subventions and subsidies are referred to as budget funds)
• - budget loans (except for tax credits, deferments and installments for the payment of taxes and payments and other obligations), including provision in the form of resources other than cash (land plots, natural resources and other property)
• - other forms of government assistance.

A subvention is a type of monetary benefit to local authorities from the state, allocated for a certain period of time for specific purposes; unlike subsidies, they are subject to return in case of misuse or use not within the previously established time frame.

A subsidy is payments to consumers provided at the expense of the state or local budget, as well as payments from special funds for legal entities and individuals, local authorities, and other states.

A budget loan is a form of financing budget expenditures that provides for the provision of funds to a commercial organization on a repayable and reimbursable basis.

A benefit provided to an organization that cannot be reasonably assessed (providing consulting services free of charge, providing guarantees, interest-free loans or loans with a reduced interest rate, etc.), and also cannot be separated from the normal economic activities of the organization, is considered other forms of government assistance .

Targeted funding can be used for the following purposes:

• -financing expenses or covering losses
• - maintaining the financial position of the enterprise, replenishing its funds,
• - for the acquisition of assets

The following does not apply to targeted financing and is not reflected in this account:

• -receipt of assistance provided in the form of benefits, including taxes, tax credits, holidays and exemptions
• - obtaining loans and other repayable funds
• -reflection of operations related to the management of state property, state participation in the capital of the enterprise.

The list of targeted funding is closed and includes:

• - funds from budgets of all levels, state extra-budgetary funds allocated to budgetary institutions according to the estimate of income and expenses of the budgetary institution
• -grants received
• - investments received during investment competitions (bidding) in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation
• - investments received from foreign investors to finance capital investments for production purposes, subject to their use within one calendar year from the date of receipt
• -funds of shareholders accumulated in the accounts of the organization - developer
• - funds received by the mutual insurance company from organizations - members of the mutual insurance company
• - funds received from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Russian Humanitarian Science Foundation, the Fund for Assistance to the Development of Small Enterprises in the Scientific and Technical Sphere, the Federal Fund for Manufacturing Innovation
• - funds received by nuclear plants from the reserves of operating organizations intended to ensure the safety of nuclear plants at all stages of the life cycle and their development in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on the use of atomic energy. The specified income is subject to inclusion in non-operating income in the case where the recipient actually used such funds for other purposes or did not use them for the intended purpose within one year after the end of the tax period in which they were received.

A necessary condition for recognizing funds as targeted is the determination by the organization (individual) - the source of targeted financing - of the intended use of the received property. Organizations that have received targeted financing are required to keep separate records of income and expenses received (made) within the framework of targeted financing to confirm the fact that the targeted financing is used for a specific purpose. If the organization that has received targeted financing does not have such records, these funds are considered as subject to taxation from the date of their receipt. The following information in relation to targeted financing funds is subject to disclosure in the organization’s financial statements:

• -the nature and amount of budget funds recognized in accounting in the reporting year
• - purpose and amount of budget loans
• -the nature of other forms of government assistance from which the organization directly receives economic benefits
• - the conditions for the provision of budgetary funds that were not fulfilled as of the reporting date and the associated contingent liabilities and contingent assets.

Thus, funds of targeted financing include property received by the taxpayer and used by him for the purpose determined by the organization (individual) - the source of targeted financing. This subclause establishes a closed list of income recognized as funds of targeted financing.

accounting target financing taxation

The income tax base does not include property received by the organization as part of targeted financing. An exhaustive list and composition of targeted financing funds, as well as the conditions under which they are not taken into account when calculating the tax base for income tax, are given in subparagraph 14 of paragraph 1 of Article 251 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.

The means of targeted financing in tax legislation include property received by the taxpayer and used by him for the purpose determined by the organization (individual) - the source of targeted financing:

• 1) in the form of funds from budgets of all levels, state extra-budgetary funds allocated to budgetary institutions according to the estimate of income and expenses of the budgetary institution;
• 2) in the form of received grants. For the purposes of applying Chapter 25 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, grants are recognized as funds or other property if they are provided:
  • -on a gratuitous and irrevocable basis by individuals, non-profit organizations, including foreign and international organizations and associations according to the list of such organizations approved by the Government of the Russian Federation;
  • - to implement specific programs in the field of education, art, culture, environmental protection, as well as to conduct specific scientific research;
  • - on the terms determined by the grantor, with the obligatory provision of a report on the intended use of the grant;
• 3) in the form of investments received during investment competitions (bidding) in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation;
• 4) in the form of investments received from foreign investors to finance capital investments for production purposes;
• 5) in the form of funds of shareholders and (or) investors accumulated on the accounts of the developer organization;
• 6) in the form of funds received by the mutual insurance company from organizations - members of the mutual insurance company;
• 7) in the form of funds received from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Russian Fund for Technological Development, the Russian Humanitarian Science Foundation, the Fund for Assistance to the Development of Small Enterprises in the Scientific and Technical Sphere, the Federal Fund for Manufacturing Innovation;
• 8) in the form of funds received by enterprises and organizations, which include especially radiation hazardous and nuclear hazardous production and facilities, from reserves intended to ensure the safety of these production and facilities at all stages of the life cycle and their development in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on use of nuclear energy;
• 9) in the form of fees for air navigation services for aircraft flights in the airspace of the Russian Federation, received by a specially authorized body in the field of civil aviation.

Funds not included in this list are not earmarked and, therefore, are included in the income tax base. Paragraph 2 of Article 251 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation is entirely devoted to the income received by the organization in the form of targeted revenues. Targeted revenues (with the exception of targeted revenues in the form of excisable goods and excisable mineral raw materials), as well as targeted financing funds, are not taken into account when determining the tax base for income tax.

Target revenues in tax accounting are recognized as: from the budget to budget recipients; for the maintenance of non-profit organizations and the conduct of their statutory activities, received free of charge from other organizations and (or) individuals. Targeted proceeds must be used by the specified recipients for their intended purpose. In case of inappropriate use of funds received or their incomplete use, funds of targeted financing are classified as gratuitously received funds, which are subject to taxation in the manner prescribed by law. Targeted revenues for the maintenance of non-profit organizations and the conduct of their statutory activities include:

• 1) entrance fees, membership fees, shares, donations made in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on non-profit organizations, recognized as such in accordance with the civil legislation of the Russian Federation;
• 2) property transferred to non-profit organizations by will in the order of inheritance;
• 3) funds provided from the federal budget, budgets of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local budgets, budgets of state extra-budgetary funds, for the implementation of the statutory activities of non-profit organizations;
• 4) funds and other property received for charitable activities;
• 5) the total contribution of the founders of non-state pension funds;
• 6) pension contributions to non-state pension funds, if at least 97 percent of them are directed to the formation of pension reserves of a non-state pension fund;
• 6.1) pension savings, including insurance contributions for compulsory pension insurance, intended to finance the funded part of the labor pension;
• 7) proceeds from owners to institutions created by them used for their intended purpose;
• 8) contributions from the bar chambers of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for the general needs of the Federal Chamber of Lawyers in the amount and manner determined by the All-Russian Congress of Lawyers; deductions from lawyers for the general needs of the bar association of the relevant subject of the Russian Federation in the amounts and in the manner determined by the annual meeting (conference) of lawyers of the bar association of that subject of the Russian Federation, as well as for the maintenance of the corresponding lawyer office, bar association or law bureau;
• 9) funds received by trade union organizations in accordance with collective agreements (agreements) for trade union organizations to carry out socio-cultural and other events provided for by their statutory activities;
• 10) funds used for their intended purpose received by structural organizations of DOSAAF of Russia from the federal executive body authorized in the field of defense and (or) other executive body under the general agreement, as well as targeted contributions from organizations included in the structure of DOSAAF of Russia;
• 11) property (including funds) and (or) property rights that are received by religious organizations to carry out their statutory activities;
• 12) funds received by a professional association of insurers created in accordance with the Federal Law of April 25, 2002 No. 40-FZ “On compulsory insurance of civil liability of vehicle owners;
• 13) funds received by non-profit organizations for the formation of endowment capital, which is carried out in the manner established by the Federal Law “On the procedure for the formation and use of endowment capital of non-profit organizations”;
• 14) funds received by non-profit organizations - owners of endowment capital from management companies carrying out trust management of property constituting endowment capital, in accordance with the Federal Law “On the procedure for the formation and use of endowment capital of non-profit organizations”;
• 15) funds received by non-profit organizations from specialized endowment management organizations in accordance with the Federal Law “On the procedure for the formation and use of endowment capital of non-profit organizations”;
• 16) property rights in the form of the right to free use of state and municipal property, received by decisions of state authorities and local governments by non-profit organizations to conduct their statutory activities.

This list is closed. Thus, revenues not indicated in it are not targeted.

Funds for targeted financing and targeted revenues refer to income that is not taken into account when taxing profits, subject to the mandatory fulfillment of conditions common to both types of income.

Condition one: organizations that received such funds are required to keep separate records of income and expenses. In the absence of separate accounting, both for recipients of targeted financing and for recipients of targeted income, such funds are subject to taxation from the date of their receipt. Regarding targeted financing, this is stated in subparagraph 14 of paragraph 1 of Article 251 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. And in the case of targeted revenues, you need to refer to paragraph 19 of the Instructions for filling out the income tax return, approved by order of the Ministry of Taxes of Russia dated December 29, 2001 No. BG-3-02/585.

Condition two: targeted financing and targeted revenues must be spent strictly for their intended purpose and in accordance with the conditions under which they were provided. Otherwise, they should be included in the organization’s non-operating income (clause 14 of Article 250 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). Moreover, the moment of their inclusion in such income is defined as the moment of their actual use not for the intended purpose (clause 9, paragraph 4, article 271 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

An exception is provided only for budget funds. Paragraph 14 of Article 250 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation states that in relation to budget funds used for other purposes, the norms of the budget legislation of the Russian Federation are applied.

So, organizations that have received income in the form of targeted funding or targeted receipts must carefully prepare documents confirming the use of these funds exclusively for the purposes determined by the transferring party. Let's consider another general condition for organizations that receive targeted funding or targeted revenues. At the end of the tax period, organizations that receive targeted financing are required to submit to the tax authorities at their place of registration a report on the intended use of the funds received (clause 14 of Article 250 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). For profit tax purposes, the amount of budget funds received by the organization is taken into account at a time on the date of actual receipt of these funds. Budget funds received by organizations on a repayable and non-refundable basis from budgets of various levels to finance targeted programs and activities, if these funds are not related to the sale of goods (works, services), are not subject to value added tax. Purchased property (work, services) using targeted budget funding is paid for including VAT, which is not subject to deduction (reimbursement). In this case, VAT amounts do not apply to production and distribution costs, but are covered from budget sources. Thus, in this case, the VAT amounts presented to the organization or actually paid when purchasing property are taken into account in its value. VAT on material assets paid for using targeted funding is not reimbursed from the budget.