One of the most significant holidays that command respect is May 28, Border Guard Day. Since the state border of Russia passes by land, by water and by air, it is necessary that it always and everywhere be "locked" if someone comes up with a crazy idea of ​​​​taking over the country. Border guards are considered elite troops, but their elitism does not lie in any privileges at all, but in great responsibility for every step. More than 15 countries have a border with Russia, and these borders are not always calm.

History of the Border Guard

Since the first fortress appeared in Russia, people have needed to defend it. Of course, everyone went out to fight the attacking enemy, but every day some people had to walk along the walls and make sure that the enemy did not attack unexpectedly. There were no border guard holidays then, but the work itself already existed. The combatants carried guard duty in a special detachment, but they were not yet border guards in the true sense of the word.

When the borders of the Russian state were defined and marked with outposts, with a high rampart and a notch, soldiers were to be constantly stationed in these places. That's it they were the first Russian border guards. Such warriors were called "security guards". They guarded the fortresses and went out as part of guard detachments to observe the surroundings.

In 1571, the border guards began to belong to a single guard service and obey the "Codex on the village service." Further, with the increase in trade, the number of customs sections is growing, where the border guards were not yet military, but performed the duties of protecting the borders. In 1827, customs officers were assigned to the border service according to the "Regulations on the organization of border customs guards."

For many years in a row, the soldiers of this service performed their duty to the country, and the center was located in the capital and was called the Office of the Border Guards of Russia. This continued until the October Revolution of 1917. For some time there was no border control at all, in different regions of Russia there were heavy battles for power and land.

Determination of the date of the Day of the border guard

In 1918, when the very young Republic of Soviets was strengthening its position in the world, the government organized the border guards of its borders. A whole service was re-founded - the Main Directorate of the Border Guard of the RSFSR. It happened on May 28, 1918.

The next 40 years were difficult for the country: the echoes of the civil war, provocations on the distant borders of the country, the Great Patriotic War, the restoration of Russia. The border service existed, the date of its foundation was remembered, but not celebrated - it was not before the holidays. Only Nikita Karatsupa, the legendary border guard, himself detained 338 violators, and how many of them tried to enter the country with completely non-peaceful intentions!

In 1958, May 28 was officially declared a holiday for our border guards. And now, when the country has changed its status and name, Border Guard Day remains an important date.

In 1994, the President of Russia issued a Decree on the celebration of the Day of the Border Guard "in order to revive historical traditions." Only the service now, since May 2003, is called the Border Guard Service of the FSB of Russia.

How this day is celebrated in Russia

The tradition of celebrating this holiday with military parades, ceremonial rallies and events in units dates back to the time of the Soviet Union. The Union collapsed, but several states remained true to the traditions of their fathers and grandfathers. Thus, the Belarusian, Ukrainian and Kyrgyz border troops celebrate their holiday on the same day.

The celebration of the Day of the border guard includes not only eulogies about achievements and army power, not only walks in parks, fireworks and family feasts. The day of the border guard is also a "holiday with tears in the eyes." Today, everyone who stood up for their homeland with honor and died without losing a single centimeter of their native land to the enemy is remembered.

Over the years, the Russian government has established several commemorative signs in honor of the Day of the Border Guard, which are awarded for selfless service on the borders of the country.

Border guard day in neighboring countries

The history of this holiday in Ukraine is interesting. When the former sister-republics broke away from each other one after another, each wanted independence, that is, new ideas, a new worldview and new holidays. Therefore, the Day of the Border Guard in Ukraine was timed to coincide with November 4, the day when the date was celebrated in the Western Border District. But this day did not take root in the army. In 2003, Ukraine officially announced that it was returning to the tradition of celebrating the Day of the Border Guard at the end of May.

A similar story happened in Kyrgyzstan. They managed to celebrate the holiday of the border guards on October 29 for two years and later returned to May 28.

In other countries of the former Soviet Union, Border Guard Day was either abolished or postponed to another day. This is how Armenia celebrates this day on April 26, Turkmenistan on August 11, Azerbaijan on August 18, Kazakhstan on May 18, and Moldova on June 10. As a rule, this is the date of signing the Decree on the organization of the national border parts of the country.

Quite a lot of people do not know when the Day of the border guard in Russia, they remember that in May or June. However, this is a rather important and significant holiday for many generations of military personnel who stood guard over the borders of their homeland. Now let's consider when they started celebrating the Day of the Border Guard, what date it is celebrated and how, in fact, the celebration takes place.

Story

In official documents, the celebration of the Day of the Border Guard begins in 1958. But the troops serving to protect the border of the Russian state were founded in 1918 after a decree issued by the Council of People's Commissars. According to this decree, in order to improve the protection of the state, it was necessary to strengthen the borders with a new special unit of the border guard, which was called the RSFSR. The border guard had this name until 1993. Later, the President of the Russian Federation issued a Decree, according to which, from December 30, 1993, the RSFSR was now called the Federal Border Service of Russia. And in 1994, the President of Russia officially established a holiday - the Day of the Border Guard - with the aim of popularizing and reviving the traditions of the border service troops. So that, like many years ago, the current generations honor and respect military service and, of course, border troops.

The origins of the border guard

Even in ancient Russia, there was a need to defend against nomads who raided, devastating the villages. The princes who then ruled Russia decided to create defensive outposts that were erected on the borders of their possessions. However, starting from the second half of the XIV century, Tatars began to attack Russia from the east and southeast. Then the former defensive outposts and villages could not withstand such powerful onslaughts from the enemy peoples, and it was decided to create detachments of soldiers to protect the borders.

The first decree, which described the village service, was adopted in 1971. It outlined the duties of the then soldiers in charge of the border service, and the rules according to which they protected the border from uninvited guests. In connection with trade between countries in 1754, a customs office was founded, which was guarded by dragoon regiments. After Catherine II, an institute for customs guards was established. In 1827, the customs guard became subordinate to the Department of Foreign Trade, and in 1893 it became an independent organization. During the First World War, almost all border units became military units.

How many days of the border guard in a year

In all countries without exception, which were part of the USSR, this solemn holiday is celebrated. However, not in all it takes place on May 28. Azerbaijani border guards celebrate the holiday in August, on the 18th. Kazakh border guards celebrate their holiday in May, but on the 18th. However, the date, which is officially regulated by a state decree, clearly stipulates that the Day of the Border Guard, the date of its solemn celebration, is May 28.

Of course, no one forbids celebrating this day on other dates, especially since for some military men, in the conditions of their service, other dates could become much more significant. So you need to understand these fighters, especially if the vicissitudes of a particular date have changed their whole lives. And the Day of the Border Guard, no matter what date it is, is remembered not by date, but by the feats that our soldiers performed. But how does it pass?

Border guard day - celebration

May 28 is officially Border Guard Day. Traditionally, on this date, officers who served or are somehow connected with the border service gather at certain places in their cities. From the very morning in all Russian cities, servicemen - both former and current - put on their uniforms and go out into the streets to celebrate, usually in parks and squares. They put on vests, their own camouflage, green berets, tunics, many of them with orders, and go for a walk in prearranged places in the city. The first toast for the border guards is traditionally considered "For those who are now on duty." They remember their comrades-in-arms, those with whom they shared all the hardships of military service. They talk about the operations that they carried out, protecting the borders of their state.

Festive demonstration of the power of the Russian army

On this day, in all large and not very cities of Russia, the army demonstrates its combat power. Thus, the military popularize the service among the people, pay tribute to the dead soldiers who fought to the last and died, repelling the attacks of enemies on the borders of the state. On this significant day, volleys and salutes show respect for the exploits of the heroes and express their respect to them. On the Day of the Border Guard, processions and laying flowers on the grave of the unknown soldier take place. They also organize mass festivities, where pop stars are invited. In the evening, usually everyone goes to a concert, glorifying military service on the borders of their vast homeland.

Popularization of the army among the population

In our time, when military service is not honorable for many young people, this heroic holiday instills love for the motherland, which is very important for modern youth, both draft and younger. This holiday is designed to increase the morale and fighting spirit of the soldiers who serve on the borders of our country. In difficult military everyday life, which sometimes drag on for a very long time, such moral support is important and even necessary. Also, soldiers on this day feel their involvement in a very important event in the life of their country. The realization of this greatly raises the military spirit and patriotism of the fighters.

Celebration center in the capital

All of Moscow on the Day of the Border Guard of the Russian Federation celebrates this holiday on Poklonnaya Hill. A stone was even laid here, symbolizing the alley of border guards. This is the most visited place on this day. All former military men are dressed in their uniforms, by which they recognize each other. The military greet and congratulate colleagues. Even if they do not know each other, the form reflects a lot on this day. Many generations of border guards meet here, who seem to be young again and are active officers.

Many of the military on the Day of the border guard bring their children to the celebrations so that they know that they need to be a patriot of their country, and instill this immortal tradition in the younger generation. For the audience, soldiers demonstrate the wonders of hand-to-hand combat, often there are exhibitions of military equipment, as well as demonstrations of weapons.

There are a lot of people in our country who served in the border troops, because Russia is the largest state in the world in terms of area. The length of the borders is 60 thousand kilometers. Most of them pass through the water - about 40 thousand kilometers. Therefore, it is natural that it is in our country that this holiday can be compared in scale with the ninth of May.

Celebration in parts

In units on the day of the border guard, solemn events are held, where military personnel are congratulated by their commanders-in-chief. Modern weapons are demonstrated, equipment, material and technical means, as well as rear equipment and technical support, everything necessary for the needs of the border troops, are handed over. Servicemen are always happy with new ammunition for better service and the ability to defend themselves and their country.

Often, veterans are invited to the celebrations, who talk about their service to young soldiers. On this holiday, active servicemen are given the titles they deserve, and veterans will be presented with memorable gifts.

Patriotic education of the younger generation

In some parts, they even invite children from schools or colleges, who are told about the upcoming military service. Often there are museums on the territories of the units, where exhibits of weapons used by the border troops are presented. Here you can also look at the personal belongings of soldiers who died in the Great Patriotic War. Also - maps of the area of ​​battles that took place a very long time ago. Children are always interested in such details, and when they are told by a veteran who reflects all the events not from books, but from his own memories, this is doubly interesting.

Congratulations for the border guards

And you can congratulate with these words:

Happy Border Guard Day!

And let it be served easily, without tension!

And it will be great always and in everything -

And in friendship, and service, and in personal life!

We respect you immensely

Such a beautiful, bright day!

Border Troops, you guys

Don't forget about that!

Russia celebrated the day of the border guard today. By tradition, on this day, border guards walk around the city, bathe in fountains and drink a little. This holiday can only be compared with the day of the Airborne Forces and the last call of schoolchildren.

UPD: as reported mnalex2002 "The holiday ended in a successful 100-100 fight! They were separated by three platoons. 70 people were detained, 30 people were shoved into ambulances, the rest were released."

The official version: "the holiday is aimed at demonstrating the combat power of this type of troops, as well as raising the morale of soldiers performing their duty to their homeland and state, but first of all, on this day it is customary to remember the feat of those who did not spare their lives repelling invasions from outside within the borders of one's own country."

01. The main festivities take place in Gorky Park, at VDNKh and in Victory Park. Unfortunately, bad weather did not allow to celebrate it with a mass bathing in the fountains of the city; there were not so many people today as in previous years.

02. Wait a minute, but there are traditions!

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08. The police did not interfere in what was happening. Buses with riot police were on duty at a distance so as not to attract attention. Last year in the Park of Culture there was a fight with riot police. Sometimes the police checked the pulse of drunkards and walked away.

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These are the pictures that passers-by could observe, however, today they were not.

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21. "If only they were afraid" is an excellent motto for our army.

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27. Some did not calculate their strength.

28. This man did not get drunk, he showed me somersaults, it turned out a funny shot.

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36. One of the policemen came up and said:
- Are you Russian?
- Yes.
“Then why are you filming it?”
- What's wrong here?
- Why disgrace Russia?
- Why do you allow this?
- And what to do with them? We should leave here with our faces intact!

We were approached by 2 border guards who saw that we filmed how a drunken company was destroying garbage cans.
- Show me what you got!
- Here…
- Bl * Here are the freaks! It is because of such goats that people think that all border guards are like that!
Do you think this should not be shown?
- No, show me.

37. I also think that it should be shown.

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41. So that you don’t get the impression that I was specifically looking for drunken border guards, I specifically found (not without difficulty) sober, pleasant people

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43. A man won a pink hare for his son in a dash.

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47. Unfortunately, by the evening there were almost no adequate people left, every company wanted to beat the photographer or break the camera. Once from angry border guards chistoprudov -and rescued by riot police, we decided not to risk it and go home.

And finally, opinion from second_sign with which I can agree:
“I want to specifically write a post in defense of graduates, border guards and paratroopers.
The main idea is this: people have the right to one day a year (conditionally), when they can behave as they like (without serious consequences for others). It's like a medieval "masquerade".
And the authorities of Moscow are obliged to organize and direct these holidays, create scenarios for them, otherwise everything will revolve around vodka."

All photographs in this report belong tophoto agency "28-300" , for questions about the use of images, as well as photo shoots, write to e-mail [email protected]

From the first mention of the notch guard to the defense of the borders of the Fatherland today - a long and glorious Russian Border Guard Service, which has a special day today. On May 28, every year Russian border guards and Soviet service veterans celebrate their professional holiday - the holiday of green caps and berets, as it is often called by one of the most recognizable attributes of the troops of the Border Guard Service of the FSB of the Russian Federation.

Officially in the Russian Federation, Border Guard Day entered the holiday calendar on May 23, 1994 on the basis of presidential decree No. 1011. We are talking about a decree called "On the establishment of the Day of the border guard."

Photo by Denis Lyubimov

This year, the celebration of the Day of representatives of the border service began earlier than the official date. On May 26, a delegation consisting of the leadership of the PS of the FSB of the Russian Federation, employees of the service and members of veteran organizations laid flowers at the memorials and burial places of servicemen who once commanded the troops. Commemorative events were held at the Troekurovsky cemetery of the capital and other burial places of prominent representatives of the Border Service.

The day before, a solemn event dedicated to the Day of the Border Guard took place in Moscow - the laying of wreaths and flowers at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in the Alexander Garden. The ceremony was attended by acting border guards and veterans of the service for protecting the borders of the Motherland. Solemn events were also held at the monument "To the Fatherland's Border Guards", which is located on Yauzsky Boulevard in Moscow. We are talking about such an event as the solemn ritual of the "Combat Calculation", according to the press service of the PS of the FSB of the Russian Federation.

The history of the Border Service of Russia is, in fact, the history of Russia itself. After all, it is difficult to separate one story from another, since the protection of state borders has always been one of the most responsible missions. The first mention of the border service in the Russian state dates back to 1360, when Metropolitan Alexy sent a blessing to the guards and villagers, who were faced with the task of monitoring the movement of the Horde detachments. This kind of service played a significant role in the subsequent victory of the Russian army on the Kulikovo field.

In 1512, Vasily III approved such a concept as outposts. These are frontier positions, which were supposed to not only monitor the movements of armed "neighbors", but also take measures to prevent violation of the borders of the Russian state. After another 59 years, Russia adopted a document that is considered to be the first border charter. This is the so-called Boyar verdict on the stanitsa and guard service.

Already under the Romanovs, in the 18th century, a border customs guard was created. The 19th century brings order to the structure of the border customs guard, as it was indicated in the regulation signed on behalf of Emperor Nicholas I in 1827.

However, all these codes and regulations did not bring the border guard (guard) into an independent combat unit. Only 8 years before the onset of the 20th century, the border guards (the name of the service at that time was 1893) became a truly independent branch of the military - a separate corps of the border guards.

The wonderful Soviet film "State Border" tells about the formation of the Border Service after the October Revolution.

This film, shot at the Belarusian film studio, was awarded the KGB Prize in 1981 and the State Prize of the USSR in 1989. As you know, in addition to the first stage in the formation of the border structures of young post-revolutionary Russia, the film also told about other historical stages. In particular, "State Border" is one of the few films of the Soviet period, which told (in its 6th part called "Beyond the Threshold of Victory") about the confrontation between Soviet border guards and special services officers and the Bandera underground in the west of the Ukrainian SSR after the end of World War II . By the time this part of the “State Border” appeared on the screens of domestic cinemas (1987), not all Soviet citizens were aware of what the abbreviation UPA stands for (a prototype of a Ukrainian organization, nowadays banned by a court in the Russian Federation) and what atrocities against civilian The population of Western Ukraine was distinguished by Bandera gangs. The film directed by Boris Stepanov and screenwriter Oleg Smirnov opened the page of history, which even today echoes with an evil echo in the once prosperous republic.

In 59 years ago, in 1958, in the USSR, for the great merits of border guards in protecting the state border, the Council of Ministers of the USSR decided to establish the very holiday date that all border guards celebrate today. May 28 - Day of the border guard in Russia.

Photo by Denis Lyubimov

Despite their professional holiday, Russian border guards still serve on this day to protect the borders of the Fatherland, protecting the borders from encroachments by those for whom personal gain and destabilization of the situation in Russia are important goals and tasks. Given the fact that Russia's borders are the longest in the world - both by water and by land; and as the president noted with irony, "the borders of the Russian Federation do not end anywhere," it can be said with confidence that the service of Russian border guards is as difficult as it is honorable.

Border guards oppose smuggling, drug trafficking, illegal fishing in Russian territorial waters, the penetration of destructive elements into the territory of Russia in order to damage the interests of the country and the people. Border guards carry out their difficult service from the Karelian Suojärvi to the South Kuriles, from the Murmansk section of the border with Norway to the difficult border section with an inadequate neighbor on the Crimean Peninsula.

"Military Review" congratulates the border guards and service veterans on the holiday!

On May 28, Russia celebrates the Day of the Border Guard. On this day in 1918, by a decree of the Council of People's Commissars (SNK), the Border Guard of the RSFSR border was established. At the same time, the Main Directorate of the Border Guard was created.

The Day of the Border Guard of the USSR was established in 1958. In modern Russia, the Day of the Border Guard was established by decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 23, 1994 "in order to revive the historical traditions of Russia and its border troops."

The Federal Border Service (FPS) of the Russian Federation was established by a presidential decree of December 30, 1993, and was directly subordinate to the president and government of the Russian Federation. By decree of the President of Russia dated March 11, 2003, the border service was transferred to the jurisdiction of the Federal Security Service (FSB) of Russia.

The history of the Russian border service is rooted in the distant past. The struggle against the steppe nomads forced the Russian principalities to build heroic outposts on the approaches to their possessions, as well as border fortresses-cities.

In the second half of the XIV century. in connection with the frequent raids of the Tatars on Russian territory, on the southern and southeastern outskirts of the Moscow principality, guard detachments (watchmen) and villages began to be set up, which sent mounted observers. Later they began to erect serif lines and fortified border lines.

In 1571, the Code of Stanitsa Service appeared, which regulated the rights and duties of guards and the procedure for protecting borders. In 1574, a single chief was appointed over the guard and stanitsa service. With the growth of foreign trade in 1754, border customs were created. The border was guarded by dragoon regiments dispersed over outposts, and customs civilian patrolmen.

In October 1782, by decree of Empress Catherine II, the institute of "customs chain and guard" was established to protect the borders and exercise border control. In 1827, the "Regulations on the organization of border customs guards" came into force, which was subordinated to the Department of Foreign Trade of the Ministry of Finance of Russia.

In October 1893, the border guard was separated from the Department of Foreign Trade into a separate corps of the border guard of the Ministry of Finance (OKPS). The main tasks of the OKPS were the fight against smuggling and illegal border crossing. With the outbreak of the First World War, most of the OKPS units were placed at the disposal of the military command and merged into the field armies. In 1918 OKPS was disbanded.

On March 30, 1918, under the People's Commissariat of Finance of the RSFSR, the Main Directorate of the Border Guard was created, in 1919 transferred to the People's Commissariat of Trade and Industry. The border guard was entrusted with the fight against smuggling and violations of the state border. On November 24, 1920, responsibility for guarding the border of the RSFSR was transferred to the Special Department of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission (VChK).

On September 27, 1922, the protection of the border was transferred to the United State Political Administration (OGPU), and a separate border corps of the OGPU troops was formed.

Since July 1934, the leadership of the border troops was carried out by the Main Directorate of the Border and Internal Guards of the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD) of the USSR, since 1937 - the Main Directorate of the Border and Internal Troops of the NKVD of the USSR, and since February 1939 - the Main Directorate of the Border Troops of the NKVD THE USSR.

In 1946 - the border troops were transferred to the newly created Ministry of State Security of the USSR, and in 1953 - the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD) of the USSR. In 1957, the Main Directorate of the Border Troops, the State Security Committee (KGB) of the USSR, was formed.

In December 1991, after the reorganization of the KGB of the USSR, the Main Directorate of the Border Troops was abolished and the Committee for the Protection of the State Border of the USSR was formed. In October 1992, the border troops were included in the Ministry of Security. On December 30, 1993, the Federal Border Service was established - the Main Command of the Border Troops of the Russian Federation (FPS - Glavkomat) as an independent federal executive body.

In December 1994, the FPS - Glavkomat was renamed the Federal Border Service of the Russian Federation (FBS of Russia), since 2003 the Border Service has been part of the FSB of Russia.

The Border Service of the FSB of Russia is a structural subdivision of the FSB of Russia, which deals with the organization of the activities of the federal security service in the implementation of the protection and protection of: the state border of Russia; economic and other legitimate interests of Russia within the border territory, the Russian exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf, as well as the protection outside the exclusive economic zone of Russia of stocks of anadromous fish species that form in Russian rivers.

Russian border guards have to protect the longest state border in the world. Its total length is 61,000 km, 15,000 of which are land. Russia borders on 18 countries.

The First Deputy Director - Head of the Border Service of the FSB of Russia is General of the Army Vladimir Pronichev.

According to Vladimir Pronichev, today the main tasks of the Border Service are the fight against terrorism, drug trafficking, illegal migration and smuggling at the state border. If earlier the border security system was focused on detaining border violators, then at present the main efforts are aimed at suppressing cross-border illegal activities at the border. Every year, more than 100 organized criminal groups engaged in illegal activities on the border are detected and suppressed.

In 2010, officers of the Border Guard Service of the Federal Security Service of Russia detained 5787 violators of the state border, 35 thousand violators of the border regime and the regime at checkpoints, stopped attempts to illegally move goods and cargo across the border with a total value of over 775 million rubles, seized more than 1.5 tons of drugs . As a result of a set of measures aimed at improving the efficiency of state control in the field of protection of marine biological resources, more than 140 vessels were detained, and about 1,300 tons of fishery products were seized. The total amount of claims against individuals and legal entities amounted to over 350 million rubles. About 3.5 thousand people were brought to administrative responsibility for violating environmental legislation, and 5 Russian and 25 foreign ships were confiscated by court decision.

In 2010, 12,611 employees of the Border Service of the FSB of Russia were awarded for specific distinctions and merits in operational service activities, including 90 people with state awards.

The units and divisions of the Russian Border Service are armed with modern weapons, military, automotive and special equipment. New technical means are being actively introduced at checkpoints on the land sections of the border.