Currently, the syndrome is gaining "popularity" hyperactive behavior found in both children and adults.

It means excessive human activity, restlessness, hyperexcitability, choleric.

At an early age, this behavior often goes unnoticed. Many parents believe that their beloved child should not sit still and be passive, besides, he still does not know how to control his temperament.

But. meanwhile. should correctly distinguish between the idea of ​​ordinary activity and hyperactivity . Having carefully studied the manifestations, the causes - only the doctor will prescribe the ways of correction after a long examination. If the first will pass by itself with age, then the second is a neurological disorder that cannot be treated superficially.

As a rule, hyperactivity is accompanied by a closely related problem - attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD). This is a neurological-behavioral developmental disorder in which the child is distracted by absolutely everything, hard to learn educational material, has difficulty communicating with peers, he has impaired coordination of movements, there is minimal brain dysfunction and mental retardation.

Reasons for the appearance

The primary causes of hyperactivity can be:

Intrauterine or acquired infectious diseases;
Early or late childbirth, severe labor activity;
Excessive physical activity during the mother's pregnancy;
Severe poisoning;
Malnutrition and disturbed daily routine;
Hereditary factor (congenital abnormalities of some brain systems);
Immaturity of the nervous system of a newborn baby;
Bad ecology.

Hyperactivity is more common in boys than girls. ADHD is often accompanied by sleep disturbance, enuresis, and cardiac disorders.

Manifestations of the disease

How to recognize the disease at the earliest stage of its development? In young children, symptoms up to a year lives are manifested in too violent a reaction to light, sound, toys, relatives and strangers. The baby is very active in the cradle, he is restless, sleeps poorly, often cries, bright toys captivate his attention for a very short time.

Hyperactive child signs at 2 years old has the following:

Forgetfulness;
distraction of attention;
disobedience to elders;
difficulty in mastering speech;
constant talkativeness;
capriciousness;
a large number of movements;
motor awkwardness.

At the age of 2-3 years a hyperactive child is very difficult to interest in anything. He cannot play children's games (he is constantly distracted), often cries, is restless, it is difficult to learn rhymes with him, he does not listen to his mother's songs, makes noise, "does not accept" comments addressed to him.

Hyperactivity preschooler 3-6 years old may be noticed by a kindergarten teacher. The teacher cannot keep him busy, the reaction to the instructions of the elders is too impulsive, the child cannot sleep at nap-hour, does not delve into the learning process, in the classroom he is carried away by his own affairs, he lives "in his own invented world". At the same age, the first selfish traits appear, the child tries to dominate his peers in games, provokes conflict situations, interferes with everyone, interferes in adult conversations, violently expresses his emotions in the most inappropriate environment, ignores and does not perceive criticism.

Preventive and corrective work with hyperactive children in kindergarten is carried out by psychologists. Parents are advised to listen to their advice and, if necessary, visit a neurologist for advice.

Schoolchildren hyperactivity and ADHD are on the rise. Strict school regulations of behavior and requirements for students are a real test for children and adolescents, their nervous system cannot cope with mental and physical overload.

During this period, symptoms predominate:

Lack of concentration;
Inability to sit in class (a child can sit quietly at a desk for no more than 15 minutes);
Nervous tic;
Low self-esteem;
Difficulty in digestibility of educational material;
The development of all kinds of phobias;
Frequent loss of personal items.

A hyperactive child often has high intelligence, but a low concentration of attention does not allow them to take full advantage. Increased emotional excitability does not allow the student to fully communicate with classmates: he tries to attract attention, teases, fights, not realizing the consequences of such behavior.

Hyperactive children have practically no sense of fear: they jump from any height, they can jump out onto the road right in front of a speeding car, not knowing how to swim, they can jump into the water to a depth.

Hyperactive teenagers do not want to attend school, do tests and homework. Often they drop out of school before completing their secondary education.

Corrective Therapy

Parents need to learn how to interact with the child. Both in adolescents and in preschool children, medication treatment should be associated with psychological correction.

To improve memory, you need to take vitamin complexes;

medical preparations for the treatment of hyperactivity, they reduce impulsivity, promote the assimilation of educational material and working capacity, but do not treat the disease itself;

Required sports(according to age and physical abilities);

A hyperactive child needs constant control on the part of the parents, they are obliged to ensure the safety of the child in the house, good nutrition, the hourly daily routine, and to observe the ideal order in the apartment;

children should not be physically punished, often scold, make rude remarks, especially in front of strangers;

Not worth anything forbid without explaining the reason for the ban;

It is forbidden to demand exemplary behavior and only excellent grades at school.

Hyperactive child: what should parents do? Psychologist's advice

1. First, do not neglect the help of a qualified neurologist, psychologist and psychiatrist. Go for a consultation with a specialist and enlist his support.

2. The daily routine of the child must be clearly organized. You should not change it, this will give impetus to the development of the necessary reflexes (for example, go to bed at a certain time or after reading a fairy tale, get up with the first alarm).
3. There should be no irritants in the house, the atmosphere should be calm and friendly.
4. No need to limit the activity of the child, this will enable the release of accumulated energy.
5. A "problem" child does not need to be forced into tedious activities and long sitting in one place.

Hyperactive children need rewards and encouragement, great love from parents and approval of undertakings. Without the help of specialists, the formation of a psychopathic type of personality is possible. Early diagnosis of the disease, proper therapy, love of relatives and competent education are the key to improving the quality of life of a hyperactive child.

Video:

The symptoms of childhood hyperactivity are quite difficult to identify in infancy. Often there is a lot of controversy about this. Indeed, at an early age, the baby is not yet able to demonstrate any skills, how easily he masters them, what is his behavioral line. It is difficult enough to determine the nature of the emotional state of the baby, who is not yet able to express himself.

If the baby is very active, in infancy it is quite difficult to distinguish the norm from the pathology. But this is very important. Timely noticed symptoms allow you to correct the situation and help the child avoid problems in his future life.

Why is early diagnosis important?

All children are born with different temperaments. But an active baby and a child with hyperactivity are not the same thing.

The syndrome was first described in the 60s. XX century. From that moment, the state of hyperactivity began to be considered a deviation from the norm. In the 80s. Pathologies were given the name ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) and included in the international list of diseases.

Hyperactivity is considered a neurological disease. And, as with any disease, this situation requires timely and adequate treatment.

If the problem is not given due attention, this can lead to undesirable consequences. Hyperactive children find it difficult to get along with the team. Often their behavior can be expressed by bouts of aggression. It's hard for them to sit still. They are in a state of constant anxiety, because of which their attention suffers. It is very difficult for a child to concentrate on a subject. There are learning difficulties. All of the above can give rise to conflicts with teachers, peers, parents, and subsequently lead to antisocial behavior of a person.

Hyperactive children do not respond well to prohibitions. They do not have a developed sense of fear and self-preservation, which is why they create dangerous situations for themselves and others.

When determining a hyperactivity syndrome in a child, it is important to concentrate on this problem in time and provide the baby with adequate assistance.

Factors

The causes of the syndrome are not known for certain. It has only been found out that the disease is associated with structural changes in the brain, due to which the regulation of the nervous system is disturbed, the formation of an excess number of nerve impulses is provoked.

However, according to the results of observations, the factors that determine the predisposition to hyperactivity have been established.

All factors can be divided into three groups:

• Problems during pregnancy.
• Unfavorable course of childbirth.
• Other factors.

Factors associated with pregnancy include:

• Oxygen starvation of the fetus.
• Stressful state of the expectant mother.
• Smoking.
• Bad nutrition.

Birth related factors:

• Labor induction, use of forceps, vacuum. C-section.
• Rapid childbirth.
• Protracted labor with a long anhydrous period.
• premature birth.

Other factors include:

• hereditary predisposition.
• Stressful environment in the family.
• Heavy metal poisoning.

All these factors do not necessarily provoke the development of hyperactivity, but play a significant role in its manifestation.

Diagnostics

The first signs of the disease can be seen even in infants. However, due to the complexity of diagnosis at such an early age, only an experienced doctor should give a conclusion. Parents, if relevant signs are found, should seek qualified help, and not try to self-medicate.

What should be of concern:

Any of these signs can be observed in a completely healthy child. However, unlike a child with hyperactivity, in a healthy child, signs occur episodically, they do not have a regularity. While a baby with health problems has most of the listed symptoms, and they are permanent in nature for a long time.

Therapy

Treatment comes down to two methods: drug and non-drug. Medical methods are used less frequently and only when they are indispensable.

A symptom-based diagnosis technique is used after the child reaches 6 years of age. Until that time, it is too early to talk about the exact diagnosis. In addition, the method of determining by occurring features is subjective. There is a margin for misdiagnosis. At the moment there are no exact methods for determining.

Based on this, in the treatment, first of all, methods that can cause the least harm should be used.

At an early age, non-drug treatment is more often used. This:

• Massage.
• Relaxing baths.
• osteopathic techniques.
• Correction of parental behavior.

Since the nervous system of the child is still being formed, so as not to have a negative effect on it, treatment with medications is recommended as a last resort. In Russia, nootropic drugs are used to improve processes in the central nervous system. However, there are no studies confirming the feasibility and effectiveness of the use of these drugs.

Before making a diagnosis, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive examination. For example, some signs of the syndrome in an infant may be caused by thyroid disease. That is, the causes of the problem are in a completely different area.

It is important to understand that in infancy, the child's nervous system is unstable and continues to form. If a baby is found to have increased nervous excitability, parents need to create comfortable conditions for him, to exclude as many factors as possible that provoke the child to overly emotional behavior. The most effective treatment for a baby is the love and respect of parents.

ADHD is a serious diagnosis that should be established by an experienced doctor. There is a high probability of confusing the symptoms with increased emotionality and an active temperament. Therefore, you should not hang labels, and in a controversial situation, you should seek qualified help.

Nowadays, more and more people are talking about hyperactivity in children. Many people do not fully understand what this term means and apply it to all mobile and active children. However, hyperactivity is not just an increased activity of the baby, it is a violation of the child's behavioral reactions associated with impaired brain function.

What kind of hyperactive child is he? What should the parents of such a child do? After all, they have to face a lot of problems, learn how to correct the behavior of their child, help him adapt at school, and this is usually very difficult.

The term "hyperactivity" itself means a highly increased activity and excitability of a person. Hyperactivity is most common in children, as they have less control over their emotions.

With hyperactivity, the nervous system is usually not balanced. The child develops behavioral disorders that require correction. In today's world, more and more children suffer from this disorder.

Typically, a hyperactive child has the following disorders:

• Cannot concentrate on any activity for a long time. This especially often brings problems at school.

After all, it is difficult for a child to sit through a lesson, listen to a teacher, and complete assignments. Such children are forgetful, scattered. Even sitting in front of the TV for a long time is problematic for such children.

• Increased emotionality and impulsivity.

Hyperactive children often cannot control their emotions, splashing them out on others, making unexpected impulsive actions.

• Motor activity beyond measure.

Many children, especially in preschool and primary school age, are quite mobile. However, hyperactive children stand out even against their background. They cannot sit still, they literally dance if they are seated. Their hands and feet are in motion, their eyes are running, their facial expressions are changing.

If a child has one or two of the above violations, then most likely these are just age-related behavioral characteristics. With age, the child will learn to better control his emotions, his behavior will even out. However, if the baby has all of the above violations, then this is an occasion to consult with a specialist.

It is important to suspect and diagnose this violation in time, than to reap the fruits of misunderstanding of your child later.

From a medical point of view, hyperactivity - hyperdynamic syndrome - is a diagnosis. It can be established by a neurologist or a neuropathologist. Most often, this diagnosis is associated with minimal brain dysfunction and CNS dysfunction.

In the following video, Dr. Komarovsky will tell you about what hyperactivity is:

When it appears

It is believed that the syndrome of hyperdynamic activity is most pronounced in preschool (4-5 years) and primary school age (6-8 years). The child enters the children's team and does not withstand the modern pace of learning.

All the signs of his hyperactivity immediately appear: the educator or teacher cannot cope with the child, he does not learn the training program and other problems of his behavioral disorders.

However, the first signs of hyperdynamic syndrome can be detected even in infancy. Such children are very mobile and emotional: they get out of diapers, fall, it is only necessary to turn away for a moment, they do not sleep well, their sleep is superficial, restless, and they can scream all night for no reason.

As they grow older, the behavior of hyperactive children continues to “please” parents: they get out of playpens and strollers, often fall, climb everywhere, overturn everything.

Babies are already active and overly mobile at 1-2 years old, mothers can barely keep up with them. They are not interested in games where you need to think, add, build. It is difficult for a hyperactive kid to listen to a fairy tale, to watch a cartoon, he cannot sit still.

What should parents do if they suspect a hyperactivity disorder in a child?

Norm or pathology. false hyperactivity

Very often, hyperactivity is confused with the normal behavior of a child, because most children aged 3-7 years are quite active and impulsive, it is difficult to control emotions. If a child is restless, often distracted, then they say that he is hyperactive. However, for elementary school children, a lack of concentration and the inability to sit still for a long time is usually the norm. Therefore, hyperdynamic syndrome can be difficult to diagnose.

If a child, in addition to attention deficit and increased activity, has problems establishing relationships with peers, is inattentive to the feelings of others, does not learn from his mistakes, does not know how to adapt to the environment, then these signs indicate a pathology - attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

From the point of view of neurology, this diagnosis is quite serious and the child needs treatment, the sooner the better.

Diagnostics

If parents suspect that their child has ADHD, then it is necessary to seek advice from a pediatric neurologist. The doctor will prescribe the appropriate examination, which must be passed. Indeed, under the symptoms of hyperdynamic syndrome, more serious pathologies can be hidden.
Diagnostics includes three stages:

1. The doctor collects data on the behavior and reactions of the child, about the peculiarities of the course of pregnancy and childbirth, past diseases, hereditary pathologies of family members.
2. Conducts special tests and evaluates the results and the amount of time spent, as well as the reaction and behavior of the child at the same time. Typically, such tests are carried out for children 5-6 years old.
3. Electroencephalogram. This examination allows you to assess the state of the child's brain. It is painless and harmless.

After receiving all the results, the neurologist makes a diagnosis and gives his opinion.

signs

The main signs that help recognize a child's hyperactivity:

1. The child has increased unreasonable physical activity. He spins all the time, jumps, runs, climbs everywhere, even if he knows that it is impossible. It lacks the process of inhibition in the central nervous system. He just can't contain himself.
2. Can't sit still, if he is seated, then he spins, gets up, fidgets, cannot sit still.
3. When talking, often interrupts the interlocutor, does not listen to the question to the end, speaks off topic, does not think.
4. Can't sit still. Even when playing, he makes noise, squeaks, makes unconscious movements.
5. Can't stand the queue, is naughty, nervous.
6. Has trouble communicating with peers. He interferes in other people's games, sticks to children, does not know how to be friends.
7. Does not take into account the feelings and needs of other people.
8. The child is very emotional, has no ability to control either positive or negative emotions. Often arranges scandals and tantrums.
9. The child's sleep is restless, during the day often does not sleep at all. In a dream, he tosses and turns, curls up.
10. Loses interest in activities quickly, jumping from one to another and not completing it.
11. The child is distracted and inattentive, cannot concentrate, often makes mistakes because of this.

Parents of hyperactive children face difficulties from an early age. The child does not obey his parents, it is necessary to control him all the time, he is constantly nearby.

You can learn more about the signs of this syndrome by watching the video:

Causes

The main reasons that can cause a violation of the functions of the nervous system of the child, and, consequently, the syndrome of hyperactivity, experts consider the following situations:

• Heredity (genetic predisposition)
• Damage to brain cells in the prenatal period or during labor.

It can be fetal hypoxia, infections, birth trauma.

• Violations caused as a result of an unfavorable family environment, abnormal living conditions, improper educational process, diseases and injuries after birth.

According to statistics, male children are more likely to suffer from hyperactivity. For five boys, only one girl is diagnosed with such a diagnosis.

Classification of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

There are different types of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD):

1. Hyperdynamic syndrome without attention deficit.
2. Attention deficit disorder is present, but without hyperactivity (usually occurs in female children - these girls are calm, absent-minded, quiet).
3. Combination of attention deficit disorder and hyperdynamism.

ADHD can be primary, occurring in utero, and secondary (acquired), acquired after birth as a result of injury or disease.

There is also a simple form of the disease and complicated. In a complicated form of ADHD, other signs are added to the symptoms: nervous tic, stuttering, enuresis, headaches.

Treatment

Treatment for ADHD requires a holistic approach. Some procedures, medicines, diets are used, but the main emphasis is on psychological correction and the right approach in raising a hyperactive child.

In Europe and the United States, psychostimulant drugs are widely used to treat ADHD. They are quite effective, but have many side effects. The main ones are digestive disorders, headaches, insomnia, growth retardation. In Russia, ADHD is treated with nootropic drugs that have a positive effect on brain function (Cholitilin, Encephabol, Cortexin).

These remedies are more effective for attention deficit.
When focusing on hyperdynamic syndrome, drugs are used that affect the inhibitory reactions of the central nervous system (Fentibut, Pantogam).

Only a doctor can prescribe medications! Medications are taken under the supervision of a specialist. In addition, it is possible to use procedures related to brain stimulation with weak impulses of electric current.

The nutrition of the child is also important. So with an unbalanced diet, the metabolism of children is disturbed, which can provoke irritability and capriciousness. A growing body requires protein, vitamins and minerals. The diet should contain foods with a high level of Omega-3 fats that have a beneficial effect on the central nervous system. But the amount of sweets and carbohydrates is better to reduce. It is better to give the child berries and fruits. You can leave a little dark chocolate in the diet.

Mandatory in the treatment of psychological correction of the child's behavior. The psychologist helps the child to better understand their actions, and will also give advice to parents on building relationships with such a child and methods of raising and teaching him.

Most children outgrow the disease if they do not have complications and receive timely treatment. In some cases, ADHD passes into adulthood, especially if timely adequate assistance is not provided to the child.

You can learn more about the treatment of the syndrome from the video:

Features of communication with such children

Raising a hyperactive child is not easy. Even with a strong love for their child, parents can not always withstand all his tricks, often break down and scream. And it happens that they generally stop educating him, having decided "what will grow, will grow."

Not infrequently, parents try to instill strict discipline in such a baby, cruelly suppressing all his antics and disobedience. The child is punished for the slightest offense. However, such upbringing only exacerbates the child's behavioral problems. He becomes more withdrawn, insecure, disobedient.

It is impossible to go too far in relation to children with ADHD, so as not to add new problems to existing violations(stuttering, urinary incontinence, etc.). Each child with ADHD needs to find its own approach, taking into account its neurological characteristics.

What should parents, caregivers and teachers do?

A child with hyperdynamic syndrome needs a lot of parental attention. It is necessary to try to listen to him, help him complete tasks, develop his perseverance and interaction with the outside world. He needs praise and rewards, approval and support, more parental love.. Parents, before punishing a child, should take into account that he is quite normal in terms of intelligence, but he has problems with the regulation of his motor activity. Therefore, he does not specifically do what he was forbidden, but simply cannot stop himself.

It is necessary to properly organize the daily routine. Create your own rituals. Walk outside more. It is advisable to enroll the child in the sports section. Swimming, gymnastics, running, horseback riding, sports dancing are well suited. It is also necessary to arrange a sports corner at home so that the child has where to throw out energy.

When sending a child to a kindergarten, it is necessary to choose in advance the appropriate one, where there are groups with the opportunity to play, children actively move, complete tasks and respond at will. Talk to the caregiver about your child's needs.

If a conflict arises in the garden due to the child's behavior, then it is better to take him out of there. You can’t blame the baby that he is to blame for this, say that this group just didn’t suit him.

Schooling also has its challenges. Discuss what the teacher should do in order not to injure the hyperactive child, to help him adapt in the classroom. When doing homework, you should prepare in advance, do not be distracted. Classes should be short, but effective so that the child does not lose attention. V

It is important to do the lessons regularly, at the same time. It is necessary to observe the child and determine the most appropriate time: after meals or after physical activity.
When punishing a hyperactive child, you should not choose those that do not allow him to move: put him in a corner, put him on a special chair.

Positive qualities of hyperactive children

Despite all the unpleasant behavioral features of children with hyperdynamic syndrome, they also have many positive qualities, the development of which parents should pay special attention to.

• A hyperactive child has creative creative thinking.

He can give out a lot of interesting ideas, and if you have enough patience, then be creative. Such a child is easily distracted, but has a peculiar view of the world around him.

• Hyperactive children are usually enthusiastic. They are not boring.

They are interested in many things and are, as a rule, bright personalities.

• Such children are energetic and active, but often unpredictable.

If they have a motive, then they do everything faster than ordinary children.

• A child with ADHD is very flexible, quirky, and can find a way out where others do not notice, solve a problem in an unusual way.

The intelligence of children with ADHD is not impaired in any way. Very often they have high artistic and intellectual abilities.

Specific ways to communicate and interact with these children are given in the following video:

Psychologists note that if a child has signs of hyperactivity, then they should be eliminated, the sooner the better. This approach helps to avoid the difficulties arising from the behavioral disorders of the child, stress and disappointment on the part of his parents and people around him, and the baby himself. Therefore, with an established diagnosis of ADHD, one should not neglect the help of a specialist doctor and psychologist, so as not to lose time.

Psychologists note that a properly organized daily routine, a favorable family environment helps the child in the treatment of ADHD. In addition, the advice of a psychologist is as follows:

1. Provide a calm, stable, non-irritating environment for your child. This will help reduce the accumulation and release of strong emotions.
2. He should form the necessary reflexes that will help to clearly follow the daily routine. For example, go to bed after mom reads a fairy tale or sings a song.
3. To relieve excess physical activity, it is necessary to organize classes for the child in sports sections.
4. Do not force a hyperactive child to do tedious work for a long time, to sit in one place. Periodically allow active actions to release excess energy.

Eliminating the problems associated with hyperactivity in children is quite a doable task. The main thing is to give the child the opportunity to throw out excess energy, to interest the educational process, to develop creative abilities, and most importantly, take into account the characteristics of the child when evaluating his actions.

Cartoons for the prevention of hyperactivity.

The following cartoons will help your child understand more about their condition, discussing the plot and characters with your child can help him deal with this problem.

So the list of cartoons:

• "Fidget, Crumb and Netak"
• "Masha is no longer lazy"
• "That's how absent-minded"
• "Wings, Legs, and Tails"
• "Petya Pyatochkin"
• "Monkeys"
• "Naughty Bear"
• "Nehochuha"
• "Octopussy"
• "Naughty Kitten"
• "Fidget"

Hyperactivity in a child: is it necessary to treat a fidget?

Editorial response

The word is our expert, to pediatric neurologist, candidate of medical sciences Igor Voronov.

Normal or disease?

My four year old son is known to be a bully. The kindergarten teacher he goes to thinks he has hyperactivity and insists that I take my son to a neurologist. Should I do it?

Svetlana, Kaliningrad

I often have to deal with similar complaints. As a rule, for children 3-5 years old, although often even babies, starting from 4-5 months of age, become the object of complaints. Parents complain that their child does not sit still, constantly spins and turns, climbs everywhere and does not obey, reacts poorly to the comments of adults. More often than not, parents' fears are unfounded. After all, a young child should be active. This behavior is normal for them.

With ADHD, a child has not only hyperactivity, but also restlessness, inattention, impulsivity, inability to concentrate, which they quickly switch to something else. Especially if the business they are doing is not of interest to them. However, ADHD, which is now often and unjustifiably put to young children, is eligible as a diagnosis only from the age of 5 years.

Why is he a bully?

My son has been diagnosed with ADHD. But I have doubts about this diagnosis. Tell me, how does hyperactivity syndrome manifest itself and where does it come from in a child?

Antonina, Kost​roma

This syndrome is characterized by three components: impaired attention (restlessness), impulsivity and motor activity. Children with ADHD are a real headache for parents: they can climb into a hole on a construction site, climb a tree, run out onto the road without fear of injury. They often intervene in the conversations of adults, start fooling around, in more rare cases they fight with children, but their manifestations of aggressiveness are extremely rare. And hyperactive children are often absent-minded, forget and lose elementary things: mittens and other clothes, school uniforms, pens, pencil cases and even their briefcases.

Certain elements of hyperactivity in many of these children persist into adulthood. Adults with ADHD are active, energetic, work hard and sleep little. However, they have some negative personality traits: they are impulsive, unrestrained, it is difficult for them to engage in monotonous work.

In small owners of this diagnosis, behavioral disorders are also noted. At the same time, they have a good level of intelligence. Problems with learning at school in such children arise due to inattention and violation of discipline.

With age, hyperactive children become more diligent. Moreover, girls are earlier than boys - by the age of 7, and boys - by 10 (but these figures may fluctuate).

Various hypotheses have been put forward regarding the causes of ADHD. And yet, to a greater extent, this disease has a hereditary predisposition. When talking with the parents of such children, it often turns out that one of them also had behavior characteristic of ADHD in childhood. Although sometimes there is no such relationship.

Medicines are not a panacea

My hyperactive preschool child was not prescribed any medication by a doctor. He says that the main thing is upbringing and regime. Is there really no means that can effectively and quickly get rid of this problem?

Tamara, Yaroslavl region

School-age children are more in need of medication because of learning problems.

But here everything is not so simple. The fact is that there is no single approach to the principles of ADHD treatment all over the world. There are single drugs that may be effective, but some children may not. And the appointment of sedatives based on herbs or homeopathic medicines, as a rule, do not have the desired effect, and in some cases can have the opposite effect - excitation of the child.

Therefore, the most important in the correction of ADHD is the observance of the regime, educational measures, psychological and pedagogical correction.

At the same time, in the approach to raising such children, it is important for parents not to allow either cruelty or permissiveness.

To develop mindfulness in a hyperactive baby, it is good to hang special memo sheets around the apartment - in his room or, for example, on the refrigerator. On leaflets, it is better to give information not only in writing, but also to make drawings that correspond to the content of upcoming cases. For example: “make the bed”, “brush your teeth”, “collect toys”, etc.

Hyperactivity is a new trend of modern children. The diagnosis of ADHD (attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder) is made by pediatric neurologists to almost every second child. How to determine where the super-excitable child is, and where is the usual active creature? This question occupies many parents.

Hyperactivity

new trend of modern children. ADHD diagnosis ( attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) is exhibited by pediatric neurologists to almost every second child. How to determine where the super-excitable child is, and where is the usual active creature? This question occupies many parents.

These children are very active, mobile, their energy is in full swing, thus they introduce the environment into an irritable state. This is not a pathology, you need to learn how to live with such children, understand them, try to adjust their behavior to fit the society. After all, it is the perception or non-perception of such children in society that can affect the further development of hyperactivity.

Previously, such children were diagnosed with "pedagogical neglect", now doctors have recognized the syndrome of hyperactivity due to the special work of the nervous system. Parents face a difficult task: to distinguish an ordinary fidget from a hyperactive baby.

They have to figure out when uncontrollability in behavior is a lack of education, and when it is physiology. It is these children who need increased attention, otherwise there is a huge risk of becoming outcasts in society. They need to be helped not only to socialize, but also to master the general education program to the required extent.

Signs of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in a child under one year old.

ADHD in newborns is quite difficult to determine, due to blurred symptoms. The most accurate diagnosis is made no earlier than three years. In infants, the following signs may indicate the disease.

• Pretty early development of psychomotor. The child faster than peers begins to roll over, crawl, stand up. He develops a grasping reflex.
• The limbs are in constant motion. The baby seems to be running somewhere.
• Clumsiness. With developed mobility, coordination disorders are visible.
• Repetitive movements, such as swinging legs, stepping over.
• Bad dream. The child confuses day with night.
• Anxiety, constant causeless crying, unwillingness to swaddle. Any clothing that constrains movement interferes with them.
• Early refusal of daytime sleep. Even a tired child resists sleep.
• Increased muscle tone.
• Profuse regurgitation after eating.
• Stronger reaction to sharp sounds, bright light.

Of course, such symptoms occur in healthy children, but they appear periodically. A hyperactive child is always in this state.

Hyperactive child in kindergarten, 3 years old.

The main misunderstandings begin in children when they start attending kindergarten. Why exactly there? This is due to the fact that the child is required to obey the established rules, to keep his emotions under control. Plus, there is still a sharp change of scenery, a large team, all this negatively affects the psychological state of the child. He experiences stress that the child cannot cope with without the help of adults.

In the team of children, the baby for the first time in his life falls into the mainstream of life. There, everyone is required to have self-control, the ability to do some business, he must sit quietly, listen to the teacher, obey the requirements. This is alien to him, he does not know how to do things that other children can do. It's not his fault.

The baby wears out clothes and shoes the fastest. Everything on it is on fire. He climbs into all matters, bullies himself, chatting for a minute without stopping, constantly arguing, trying to prove his case. Such children are hard to adapt to the children's team, they are notorious, irritable, withdraw into themselves.

There are, on the contrary, when overactive children become leaders, put together a team around them. These children have no sense of danger, fear. Sometimes they feel pain dull, not bright. They constantly start dangerous games, and exposing not only themselves, but also others to an extreme situation. They either jump from trees or end up on highways.

Signs of hyperactivity:

Famous American psychologists divide the signs of ADHD into three groups:

Lack of attention:

• Difficulty in maintaining attention.
• The child does not listen to the appeal.
• Starts a quest, but doesn't have enough energy to finish it.
• He constantly loses his things, suffers from forgetfulness.
• Does not perform tasks that require mental effort from him.

Motor disinhibition.

• He fidgets in place, drumming his fingers.
• Doesn't sleep during the day.
• He talks a lot.

Impulsiveness.

• Starts answering a question without hearing it to the end.
• Interrupts other people's conversations.
• Difficulty focusing attention.
• He can hardly wait for the gift.
• There is no proper control over their actions.
• In the classroom, the results can be completely opposite.

According to American psychology, if a child under seven years of age shows similar signs every day, then a hypothesis can be put forward about the baby's hyperactivity.

In our country, in order to make a diagnosis, the following symptoms are highlighted:

• Anxious and constant movements in the limbs.
• The child is not able to sit for a long time without active movement.
• Difficulty keeping attention on the subject.
• With great difficulty, he observes the order in the game, in classes, excursions, and on holidays.
• Often frivolously answers questions, and he does not have enough strength to listen to them completely.
• When a child is engaged in tasks, then work related to mental activity is given with great difficulty.
• Completing tasks, calm games are given with great difficulty.
• The child does not complete one action, begins another.
• Too talkative.
• Doesn't listen to people who talk to him.
• The child often loses his things.
• Performs actions that can lead to dangerous consequences, does not think about the consequences at all.

Russian educators can talk about the possibility of ADHD if the observed child shows eight symptoms from this list within half a year.

Even the presence of these symptoms is not enough to make such a diagnosis. An examination by narrow specialists is required. Unfortunately, in our society, a similar label is often hung on any child who is inconvenient in some way or does not obey the established rules.

Important! Not a single teacher or psychologist can independently diagnose ADHD without regular consultations with a qualified neurologist and psychoneurologist.

Parents have the right to refute the diagnosis or doubt the qualifications of a psychologist who independently, after tests, puts the baby "hyperactivity". He has no right to make any diagnoses, but can only advise you to consult a specialist.

The difference between an active child and a hyperactive one.

An active and inquisitive child is a reason for joy for parents. The main indicator of the health of the baby is energy. Only a sick child behaves all the time quietly and sluggishly. An active and healthy baby does not sit in one place for a minute, he is like a perpetual motion machine, he is in constant motion. He is very keenly interested in everything, asks a large number of questions, and answers them himself. It's all very good.

But at the same time, the baby is resting and sleeping well. However, the child does not always behave this way. He understands perfectly well that at a party or in a kindergarten you need to behave differently than at home. He will be perfectly distracted by any proposed occupation and will not become the initiator of scandals.

A hyperactive child is a little different from an active child. He also moves a lot, and continues to do so even after he is tired. Despite his fatigue, he cannot rest and fall asleep, his nervous system does not give him rest. Consequently, the baby throws tantrums and cries.

If an active kid, being keenly interested in anything, asks questions and listens to the answers to them, then a child with ADHD rarely listens to these answers to the end. He does not perceive any prohibitions, he does not hear restrictions. Due to his unbridled activity, the baby can be the initiator of quarrels, show aggression. A baby with hyperactivity will behave the same everywhere, regardless of location, and no amount of persuasion can make him change his behavior.

Hyperactive children at school.

Another burst of hyperactivity is the beginning of school activities. Reasons leading to negative consequences:

Often parents are unaware of what is happening to their child, they sincerely do not understand it. Because of their wrong behavior, the child becomes more naughty and irritable. Parents sincerely believe that this is the result of their poor upbringing. They need to find a good specialist who will help them understand the behavior of their child, understand him, help.

There are many methods to help such children adapt to society and socialize. With constant monitoring and treatment by a qualified neurologist, noticeable improvements occur. Children more easily take root in a circle of their own kind, their intellectual development is facilitated. With the right approach, all problems go away by the end of adolescence.

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