Teaching the people, Jesus Christ came to Bethany. This village is located near Jerusalem behind the Mount of Olives. Here one woman received Him into her home, named Marfa, who had a brother Lazarus and a sister Maria.
In the house of Lazarus, Jesus Christ gave instructions that concern for the salvation of the soul is higher than all other concerns. The reason for this was the reception given to Him by the sisters of Lazarus. They both met Him with equal joy, but they expressed their joy differently.
Mary sat at the feet of the Savior and listened to His teaching.
Martha, meanwhile, cared and worked hard for a great treat for Him.
Did it seem to Martha that she would not be able to quickly cope with her troubles alone, or did it seem to her that her sister was not accepting Jesus Christ with such zeal as she should have: - only Martha approached the Savior and said: “Lord! or do you not need that my sister left me alone to serve? Tell her to help me."
The Lord Jesus Christ answered her: Marfa! Marfa! you care and fuss about a lot of things"(excessive, i.e. Martha’s concerns are directed towards what can be done without, which is only everyday, fleeting vanity), and only one thing is needed(this is attention to the word of God and doing His will). Mary chose the good(the best) the part that(never) will not be taken away from her".
* * *
It happened another time, when Jesus Christ was talking with the people, one woman could not contain the joy in her soul at His words and loudly exclaimed from the people: "blessed(extremely happy) Mother who gave birth to You and suckled You!"
The Savior answered this: “Blessed are those who hear the Word of God and keep it”, that is, they live according to the commandments of God.
NOTE: See the Gospel of Luke (
Martha and Mary - work and worship
“Mary...sat at the feet of Jesus and listened to His word.
Martha took care of a great treat."
(Luke 10:39,40).
On the pages of Holy Scripture we meet two extraordinary women - Martha and Mary. We consider them together because Scripture continually depicts them side by side, as a pair. They lived with their brother Lazarus in a village called Bethany, which was located near Jerusalem, about three kilometers southeast of the eastern gate of the temple (John 11:18). The path from the city to her lay through the Mount of Olives. Both Luke and John tell us that Jesus stopped at Bethany more than once while traveling through Judea. The house of Lazar's family, apparently, became almost like home for the Teacher.
Martha and Mary make an amazing couple - they are very different from each other in many ways, but there is one important aspect in which they are united: their love for Jesus. You may have noticed what was the distinguishing characteristic of each of the outstanding women the Bible tells about. Everything worthy of praise in them is somehow centered on Christ. He was the focal point of the expectations of each of the prominent women in the Old Testament and He was adored by all the women mentioned in the New Testament. Martha and Mary of Bethany are simply a classic example of such love. They became close friends of Jesus during His earthly ministry. Moreover, He loved their entire family deeply. The Apostle John, being a careful observer - especially of who and what Jesus loved - emphasized in his Gospel: “Jesus loved Martha and her sister and Lazarus” (John 11:15).
We don't know how this family became so close to Jesus. But it can be assumed that Martha and Mary were the women who listened to the teachings of Jesus at the beginning of His ministry, showed hospitality and thus became close to Him. No matter how this friendship began, it is obvious that it has grown into a warm and trusting relationship. From Luke's story it becomes clear that in their house Jesus felt as if he were part of his own family. Hospitality was the hallmark of this family. Martha, in particular, is depicted as a tireless housewife.
So, we move on to the main episode, which is where we want to focus our attention. He is described by the Evangelist Luke: “As they continued their journey, He came to a certain village; here a woman named Martha received Him into her home; she had a sister named Mary, who sat at the feet of Jesus and listened to His word. Martha took care about a great treat and, approaching, said: “Lord! Or do you not need that my sister left me alone to serve, tell her to help me.” Jesus answered her: “Martha! Martha! You worry and fuss about many things, but only one thing is necessary. Mary has chosen the good part, which will not be taken away from her” (Luke 10:38-42).
Jesus' answer must have amazed Martha beyond all measure. She could not even think that she herself was wrong, but for the scene she created she only deserved a gentle reproach from Jesus.
There are several important lessons to be learned from Jesus' remark to Martha. We would all benefit from paying attention to them.
Jesus' gentle reprimand to Martha first of all reminds us that we should first think not about ourselves, but about others. Scripture admonishes: “Be kind to one another with brotherly love; show respect to one another” (Rom. 12:10). “As you submit to one another, clothe yourselves with humility, for God resists the proud, but gives grace to the humble” (1 Peter 5:5). “Do nothing out of selfish ambition or conceit, but in humility of mind let each other consider others better than himself. Let each one not only be concerned about himself, but each one also about others” (Phil. 2:3, 4).
Humility was a constant theme in the teaching of Jesus, as most of the disciples found it extremely difficult to develop this quality.
In Luke's account (chapter 10), Martha's behavior can be mistaken for a genuine desire to serve.
She put on an apron and began to work to serve others. But the attitude towards Mary soon revealed a serious flaw in her heart. She allowed herself to judge her sister. Her words in front of the guests undoubtedly humiliated Maria.
In fact, Mary's motives and desires were much more praiseworthy than Martha's. Although a mere mortal could not understand them by observing the behavior of the two women, Jesus nevertheless knew what was in the hearts of each of the sisters.
Martha's behavior demonstrates how quickly human pride can pervert even the best intentions. Martha's occupation was by no means unnecessary. She served Christ and the rest of the guests. In a practical sense, she served everyone exactly as Christ taught those around her. There is no doubt that she worked with the best intentions.
The worst thing was that in Martha’s words there was a reproach addressed to the Lord Himself: “Lord! Or do You not need it?” (Luke 10:40). Did she really think that He didn't care?
She should have known he wasn't. Jesus' love for this family was obvious to everyone.
But Martha was too focused on herself. She took her spiritual gaze away from Christ and began to critically examine Mary. Naturally, this ruined all her joy from serving.
Mary, for her part, was so absorbed in Christ that she forgot about everything in the world. She sat at His feet and listened carefully, absorbing His every word. Maria was not lazy - she simply understood the true significance of the moment. The Son of God was a guest in her home.
Listening to Him, bowing before Him, she focused her attention on what was most important.
Apparently Mary was able to understand Jesus' teachings better than any of His twelve disciples. The anointing of Jesus in Jerusalem to prepare Him for burial at the beginning of the last week of His life indicates the amazing insight of Mary. This move was the result of her desire to sit, listen and reflect.
This is what distinguished Maria from her older sister, who immediately strived to act.
If Martha had thought better of Mary than of herself, she might have seen in her sister a depth of understanding and love for Christ that surpassed her own feelings. She could learn from her silent, thoughtful sister. But not now, Martha had to set the table, take the bread out of the oven and do “many other things” that she was “worried and fussed about.”
Probably many women tend to sympathize with Martha rather than Mary. In fact, it is usually considered indecent to put all the hard work on your sister's shoulders while you sit and talk with the guests.
So Martha’s resentment was natural, and this is quite understandable. Perhaps this is why Jesus' rebuke was so mild. Under normal circumstances, the older sister could count on the younger sister to help prepare food for the guests. In other words, Martha expected Mary to participate in her usual household chores.
And yet, Mary’s occupation was nobler. She “chose the good part” (Luke 11:42).
She discovered what is most important in life: true worship, devotion of heart, and undivided attention to Christ. This was more necessary than service; and the good part that she had chosen could not be taken away from her even for the sake of such a noble and useful activity as helping Martha prepare a treat. A humble and obedient heart was much more pleasing to Jesus than the set table prepared by Martha.
So, for every Christian, worship should be the highest priority. Remember what Jesus said to the Samaritan woman at the well: God is looking for true worshipers (John 4:23). Christ found one such admirer in the person of Mary.
We should not judge Martha any more harshly than Jesus did. She loved the Lord. And her faith was real, but, immersed in troubles, forgetting about the most important things, she lost her spiritual balance.
The third spiritual principle is closely related to the understanding that worship is more important than service.
The “many things” that Martha was “worried about” distracted her from the “one thing” she needed—listening and learning from Jesus. Religious matters can often overshadow faith itself. Genuine good deeds always come from a person’s faith, being its fruits. Doing good is necessary and important. This is proof that our faith is alive and active. But faith must come first, and only it can serve as a real basis for good deeds.
Martha seemed to have forgotten about it for a moment. The woman began to act as if Christ needed her more than she needed His atoning work. Instead of humbly fixing her gaze on Christ's atonement, she began to think too hard: what could she do for Him?
Again, this seems to be a natural impulse of the human heart. We mistakenly assume that our deeds for Christ can mean more than His feat accomplished for us. Any spiritual decline in the history of Christianity occurred when the Church lost its understanding of the priority of faith and became too carried away by business.
Of course, such a thought could not consciously arise in Martha’s mind. She loved Christ and sincerely trusted Him, although her faith weakened at times. But in this case, she allowed worry to overshadow her gratitude to Christ for all that He had done for her.
The two sisters remind us that God uses people of all kinds. He has given us different abilities to perform different tasks, and we should not look down on each other just because we have different temperaments and dissimilar characters. Martha was a noble and pious woman with a servant's heart and a rare zeal for her work. Mary was even more noble, with an extraordinary predisposition to worship and the acquisition of wisdom. But both were beautiful - each in their own way. If we combine their talents together, we have amazing role models. Let us diligently cultivate within ourselves the impulses that were inherent in both extraordinary women. “All talents given to a person, no matter how few they may be, must be used usefully. We should not be concerned with the question: “How much have I got?”, but with the question: “What am I doing with what I already have?” The development of all our faculties is our first duty to God and our fellow men. (E. White, Talents, p. 329).
(Des. MacArthur, Twelve Extraordinary Women)
Almost a year and a half has passed since Jesus Christ last visited Jerusalem.
All this time the Savior preached in Galilee. Walking around towns and villages with his disciples, Christ taught the people about the Kingdom of Heaven, healed the sick, cast out demons, and raised the dead.
Autumn has come. The holiday was approaching
Many pilgrims flocked to Jerusalem from all regions of Palestine.
During the days of this holiday, people remembered the forty-year wandering of the people of Israel through the desert to the Promised Land.
Jesus Christ also went to Jerusalem to proclaim His Divine dignity there. The difficult journey of the Savior was nearing its end: the walls of Jerusalem were already visible.
But Christ did not immediately enter the Holy City. He stopped for a while in Bethany. This village was located near Jerusalem, on one of the slopes of the Mount of Olives.
There lived a pious family, which the Savior joyfully visited when he was in Bethany.
Lazarus and his two sisters, Martha and Mary, always lovingly welcomed the Divine Guest into their home. This time, the owners were especially happy about the arrival of the Savior - after all, He had not visited them for a very long time.
Both sisters tried to show respect to the distinguished Guest. Martha, who had a lively and active disposition, immediately began to take care of preparing the treat.
Her sister Maria, a quiet and contemplative person, also took care of the dignified reception of the Divine Teacher. But Mary showed Him her love and respect differently. She sat in deep humility at the feet of the Savior and listened to His words.
Martha was busy with housework, but it was pleasant chores. She really wanted to please Christ.
But when Martha was preparing the meal, it seemed to her that Mary was sitting “idly” at the feet of Christ, and all the household chores fell on her alone.
Martha, of course, could have asked her sister for help. And she must have responded quickly to this request. But Martha turned to Christ: "".
There was a reproach in her words. However, instead of fulfilling Martha’s request and making a remark to her sister, the Lord turns to her herself: ““.
Martha wanted to feed Christ with delicious food, but the words of the Savior, which He addressed to the Samaritan woman, apply to her: “” (John 4:10).
Mary felt this with her pure heart and fell to the life-giving source of divine words. If we choose the Kingdom of God and His righteousness, then the Lord will not leave us, for He knows the need of everyone. And the more a person takes root in Christ, the more he is convinced that faith frees him from many vain worries.
".
This Gospel reading is heard at the Liturgy during holidays dedicated to the Mother of God.
Thus, the Church testifies that the Mother of God not only contributed to the incarnation of God, but also succeeded more than anyone else in spiritual perfection.
She composed all the words of Her Divine Son in Her maternal heart.
By publicly declaring Himself to be the Son of God, who was before Abraham, Jesus finally alienated the leaders of the Jewish people against Himself. These leaders did not recognize Him as the Messiah, declared Him a false prophet and blasphemer, and according to the law of Moses (), the false prophet was to be put to death.
Not shying away from the death that lay ahead of Him, giving His life voluntarily and having the power to take it again, Christ found, however, that the time for this had not yet come, and therefore withdrew from Jerusalem, but not secretly, but accompanied by the Apostles and other disciples.
Jesus in Bethany
Continuing the journey, as Evangelist Luke says, He came to one village (). From subsequent narratives it is known that this was Bethany, a village located near Jerusalem, on one of the slopes of the Mount of Olives; Lazarus lived there, whom Jesus called His friend (), and his sisters, Martha and Mary. Evangelist Luke says nothing about Lazarus, who may have been absent during Jesus’ visit to his home.
Instruction to the fussy Martha about what a person needs
Having received Jesus with his disciples, the elder sister Martha began to fuss about preparing food for the guests, and Mary sat at the feet of Jesus and listened to Him. Realizing that it is difficult for one person to serve all the guests, Martha turns to Jesus as if with a reproach, which, however, revealed His friendly relationship with this family: God! or do you not need that my sister left me alone to serve? tell her to help me ().
Not with reproach, but with a feeling of deep regret, Christ answered this request to the concerned Martha: “ Marfa! Marfa! you care and fuss about a lot of things(), and you consider this much necessary; but you are mistaken: your care, your zeal are directed towards what you can do without and what constitutes only everyday, fleeting vanity. And you only need one thing - attention to the Word of God and doing His will. Mary, whom you reproach, chose a better cause, and what she gains by listening to Me will never be taken away from her, will always remain with her, both in this and in the future life.”
Martha loved Jesus no less than Mary, loved to listen to Him and, of course, fulfilled His most important commandments, but she recognized the need to first take care of everyday affairs, and then listen to the Word of God; in her worries and bustle, she forgot what Jesus had said earlier: seek first the Kingdom of God and His righteousness, and all these things will be added to you(). Mary considered the search for God’s truth to be above worldly concerns and therefore devoted herself with all her soul to this best cause, forgetting everything earthly.
Jesus often visited the house of Lazarus, Martha and Mary; going to Jerusalem and returning from it to Galilee, He visited them along the way; During His stay in Jerusalem, He often left the noisy crowd and came to them to rest. And such friendly relations of Jesus towards this family prove that all its members, including Martha, were good people, fully worthy of His love.
Return of the Seventy Disciples and Jesus' Conversation with Them
Leaving Bethany, Jesus and the Apostles went to Galilee. The Evangelist does not say which way He passed and where he met the returning seventy disciples. Some interpreters believe that Jesus met with them in Perea, since the seventy disciples were sent to a place where He Himself had not yet been, and He was not specifically in Perea. Without denying that Jesus, returning to Galilee, passed through Perea and preached and performed miracles there, we think, however, that the meeting with the seventy disciples should have taken place not in Perea, but in Galilee: they were sent from Galilee, and to Galileo had to return; only there could they all gather together to give an account to Him who sent them.
Seeing Jesus, His seventy disciples greeted Him with joy and said with delight: God! And the demons obey us in Your name(). They, of course, told about all the miracles they performed in the name of Jesus, but the most important miracle, undoubtedly, they considered the casting out of demons.
“And the Lord said to them: Do not be surprised that the demons obey you; for their leader has long been overthrown and has no power. Although this was not visible to people, but to Me, who contemplates the invisible, it was visible: Satan fell from heaven like lightning” (Theophylact. Interpretation of the Gospel of Luke).
According to the explanation of Bishop Michael, "fall from the sky- means in general to fall, to humiliate, to be defeated, as if destroyed; the radiance of lightning appears as an image of suddenness and speed. The Son of God, even before His incarnation, saw the sudden, like lightning, fall of the indignant angels; but since they, cast down from heaven, began to seduce people and persuade them to serve evil, the Son of God became incarnate with the goal of freeing people from sin, He Himself was tempted by the devil, defeated Him and then cast out demons from the people possessed by them. The final defeat of the devil and the triumph of good over evil will take place at the end of this world. The Lord presents this entire struggle and victory over Satan in one prophetic spiritual contemplation and expresses it briefly with the word “saw.” Regarding the joy of the seventy disciples that the demons obey them, the Lord in this sublime and figurative speech explains to them that this victory over the demons is ensured by His power: for they have already been defeated, are being conquered and will be defeated; the victory of His disciples over the demons is the fruit of His victory over them, a necessary and inevitable consequence of His triumph over them” (Explanatory Gospel. 2. pp. 407–409).
Having spoken of victory over Satan, Jesus gave His to the disciples the power to tread on snakes and scorpions and all the power of the enemy. These words cannot be taken literally; it cannot be assumed that from now on the disciples of Jesus will be completely safe to step on poisonous snakes and scorpions. Words - and with all the power of the enemy- they convince us that here we are again talking about power over evil spirits, over this force hostile to people, and not over snakes and scorpions, like reptiles. Expressing himself allegorically about the victory over the devil, Jesus expressed himself in the same, that is, allegorical form, regarding the power given to his disciples over him and all his enemy power.
However, do not rejoice that the spirits obey you, but rejoice that your names are written in heaven.
According to the explanation of Bishop Michael, in Scripture he is sometimes presented with a book in which the names and deeds of His faithful servants are recorded. Therefore, to be written in heaven means to be a citizen of the Heavenly Kingdom, or to receive the bliss of eternal life (Explanatory Gospel. 2. pp. 409–410).
Jesus' conversation with the lawyer about the commandments
Where exactly this conversation between Jesus and his disciples took place, alone or in the presence of a crowd of people, the Evangelist does not explain; He also says nothing about where Jesus then went, but goes straight to the story of the temptation of Jesus by one of the lawyers, that is, the scribes who studied the Scriptures. In all likelihood, the lawyer tempted Jesus publicly, since otherwise the temptation would have been, from the point of view of the lawyer himself, pointless: it would have been impossible to accuse Jesus of misunderstanding the law.
Teacher! - he said, - What must I do to inherit eternal life?
Christ forces the evil lawyer to answer this question himself. “You know what the law says? How do you read, how do you understand it?
The lawyer repeated verbatim the law contained in Deuteronomy (6, 5) and in the book of Leviticus (19, 18), about love for God and neighbors.
After listening to him, Jesus said: “ You answered correctly; do as it is written in the law, and you will achieve eternal life.”
At that time, the question of one’s neighbor was resolved by lawyers in different ways: based on the letter of the law set out in the book of Leviticus (19, 18), lawyers excluded all non-Jews from being neighbors; but some of them considered their neighbors only the same righteous people as they recognized themselves, while all other Jews were called sinners, they abhorred them, despised them and therefore did not count them among their neighbors. By loving only such neighbors, the lawyer wanted to tell Jesus that he was exactly fulfilling the requirement of the law; but, suspecting that Jesus would not agree with such a teaching about his neighbors, he himself asks Him: who is my neighbor? ().
Parable of the Good Samaritan
Jesus answered this question with a wonderful parable. The priest was walking and saw a barely alive man lying by the road, undressed, wounded, bleeding; The servant of God did not even stop when he saw the unfortunate man and walked past. A Levite followed him, approached him, looked at him out of idle curiosity and went his way. A Samaritan also passed that road; and he saw the sufferer. The Samaritan, despised by the Jews (about the Samaritans, see above p. 211), deeply convinced that no Jew will ever help him in misfortune, sees a wounded, dying Jew; feelings of pity and compassion forced him to forget the people's enmity and provide his enemy with such help as only his closest relatives would have the right to expect from him: he washed the wounds with wine, anointed them with oil to quench the pain and bandaged them; he put the unfortunate man on his donkey and took him to the nearest hotel, while he walked on foot; looked after the sick man in the hotel, and, leaving for a while, entrusted him to the care of the hotel owner, accepting all expenses at his own expense.
This Samaritan, better than the priest and the Levite, understood better than all the lawyers that for pity and compassion, and therefore for mercy, there is no difference between a Samaritan, a Jew and a pagan, that in this respect all people are equal, everyone is our neighbor.
The lawyer who tempted Jesus also understood this; but still, Jewish pride allowed him to call the Samaritan a neighbor to a Jew who had fallen into the hands of robbers, and to the question - which of these three... was a neighbor to the one who fell among the robbers? - answered: who showed him mercy. Then Jesus said: “ Go ahead and do the same in relation to all people without exception, and only in this case can you count on the Eternal.”
Asking students to teach them to pray
After this meeting with the lawyer, Jesus, in all likelihood, continued his journey through Galilee; and so, one of His disciples asked to teach them to pray and referred to the example of John the Baptist, who taught his disciples. We must assume that this disciple was not one of the twelve Apostles whom Jesus taught to pray earlier.
Fulfilling the disciple's request, Jesus said the same prayer that he taught to the Apostles in the Sermon on the Mount (see above, p. 349), and then the same teaching about persistence in prayer.
Some interpreters believe that the Evangelist Matthew combined into one Sermon on the Mount many teachings of Jesus Christ, spoken by him at different times. If we consider this opinion to be sound, then we will have to admit that Jesus, not during His Sermon on the Mount, but only now for the first time taught His disciples to pray; but such a conclusion is more than implausible: it is difficult to accept the assumption that Christ taught His Apostles to pray only at the end of His ministry; at the time to which the narrative of the Evangelist Luke relates, Jesus had already laid out all His teaching before the Apostles, and He only had to convince them that He, according to the will of His Father, must suffer, be killed and rise again on the third day; Consequently, He taught them the power of persistent prayer and prayer itself much earlier.
The Lord's Prayer, recorded by the Evangelist Luke, is not entirely identical with the prayer recorded by the Evangelist Matthew, regarding the request for daily bread. Matthew 6.11: Luke 11.3: Give us this day our daily bread. Give us our daily bread every day.
I think there is no contradiction here. Firstly, Evangelist Luke wrote down not the prayer that the Lord taught in the Sermon on the Mount, but another one, which He taught the listeners (disciples) who constantly followed Him to pray much later, and the Lord could have slightly changed the previously given prayer. Secondly, in prayer for our daily bread the main idea is expressed in the word urgent, not words this or every. Christ taught us to ask God only for that without which we cannot exist, which is essential, urgent the subject of our needs, but no more; therefore, do we ask for our daily bread this or on every day, this does not change the main idea at all. Moreover, praying every day of giving us our daily bread this day, we involuntarily get used to the idea that we are praying for it to be granted to us on every the day of prayer, or this day, which is the same thing. And the disciples of the Lord could, thus, unwittingly change this word of the prayer, and from their words, Evangelist Luke probably wrote down this prayer.
According to the legend of the Evangelist Luke, the teaching about the persistence of prayer, Jesus prefaced the parable of a man who came to his friend at midnight to ask for three loaves of bread; the request was made extremely untimely and, however, was fulfilled, and not because of friendship, but because of its persistence. Applying this parable to those who turn to God in prayer, Christ said: Please, And it will be given to you; seek and you will find; knock and it will be opened to you(). IN words - ask, seek, knock- one can involuntarily hear how a prayer, unfulfilled at first, with constant repetition of it, reaches the point of insistence, how it boldly and confidently knocks on the door of God’s mercy.
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