Research work “The meaning of sleep in human life. Research work on the topic "sleep and health" Research work sleep and its meaning

Oros Camilla

This work confirms the hypothesis that good sleep has a positive effect on human health, mood and performance.

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Municipal educational institution

basic secondary school No. 1 in Spirovo

Tver region Spirovsky district

Topic: How is sleep beneficial for humans?

Completed:

Oros Kamilla Romanovna,

3rd grade student.

Supervisor:

Goryanova Olga Petrovna.

2015

Introduction ………………………………………………………………… 3

Main part …...…………………………………………………….. 4- 10

1.Sleep is a gift of nature.…………………………………………………...4- 6

1.1 Types of sleep……….. . ………………………………………………………….. ...4

1.2 Significant discoveries.……………………………………………………….....5

1.3 Record Randy Gardner. ……………………………………………………......6

2. Research with my friends.…………………………………7- 8

2.1 Study No. 1: How much sleep do we need?………………………7

2.2 Study No. 2: What time should we go to bed?.........8

3. Fall asleep easily.……………………… ……………………………...9- 10

3.2 Advice from doctors………………………………………………………..10

Conclusion …………………………………………………………….….11

………………………………….12

Applications ……………………………………………………………….13- 18

Introduction

The relevance of addressing this topic is due to the fact that my mother says that I should go to bed on time, get a good night’s sleep and then I will be in a good mood, I will feel cheerful, which means it will be easy for me to study and I will successfully cope with all my tasks. But it turns out that so much time is spent sleeping. During this time I could play on the computer, watch my favorite cartoons, play with friends and much, much more. And you have to go to bed. And every time I’m so reluctant to fall asleep. And in the morning, interestingly, I have difficulty opening my eyes.

I wondered what kind of phenomenon “dream” is? That's the one I chose object your work. How long do I need to get enough sleep? What time should you go to bed? What time do you get up? Also, when we sleep, we dream. And sometimes they are so interesting and funny. And sometimes scary. So I decided to conduct my own research to clarify all these questions.

Subject of research -influence of sleep on human health.

Research methods:

Questioning,

Experiment,

Analysis, generalization.

Purpose of the study– study the effect of sleep on human health.

Through research we must confirm hypothesis that good sleep has a positive effect on a person’s health, mood and performance.

Job objectives:

find out what happens to a person during sleep;
determine the best time to sleep and its duration;
find out how easy it is to fall asleep and wake up.

Main part.

1. Sleep is a gift of nature.

So, sleep. In the electronic encyclopedia, I found the following definition: “sleep is a natural physiological process of being in a state with a minimal level of brain activity and a reduced reaction to the surrounding world, characteristic of mammals, birds, fish and some other animals, including insects.”

Many scientists have studied and continue to study this phenomenon. I found a lot of interesting things about sleep in different sources:

1.1 Types of sleep.

It turns out that each of us has two sleeps: “slow” sleep, lasting 60 minutes, and “fast” sleep (lasting 10 minutes). During the period of sleep (6–8 hours), slow-wave sleep changes several times to rapid sleep, and it is during this time that a person dreams.

1.2 Significant discoveries.

There are many cases where significant discoveries occurred in a dream. D.I. Mendeleev managed to organize the Periodic Table of chemical elements in a dream,

Mozart heard entire symphonies, Pushkin saw poetry, Beethoven composed a play in a dream.

According to scientists, such insights are possible because dreams create the conditions for self-immersion, the subconscious processing of information that a creative person thought intensively about while awake.

1.3 Record Randy Gardner.

To some extent, sleep is more important to a person than food. A person can live without food for 2 months, but without sleep - very little. In ancient China there was an execution: a person was deprived of sleep. And he did not live longer than 10 days.

But the longest period of time without sleep is eighteen days, twenty-one hours and forty minutes. This record was set by seventeen-year-old student Randy Gardner in 1964..

He later spoke about his terrifying mental state. He developed neuroses - feelings of fear, anxiety, tension, various images appeared, vision, memory and logic deteriorated. After the record, Randy slept for fifteen hours. This was enough for him to get some sleep. Since then, the record has not been broken.

2. Research with my friends.

I did my research. My friends Albina and Vadim helped me with this.

2.1 Study #1: How much sleep do we need?

There is an opinion that children from 7 to 12 years old should sleep 9-10 hours. We slept for 3 days - 8 hours each, then 3 days - 10 hours each and 3 days - 11 hours each. We rated our well-being on a 10-point scale. And this is what happened:

Well-being assessment

Days

As you can see, we felt the best from days 4 to 6, that is, it turns out that we really feel bettersleep for 10 hours. 8 hours is not enough for us, and more than 10 hours is also not good for us.

2.2 Study #2: What time should we go to bed?

For 5 days we went to bed at 8 o’clock, then 5 days at 9 and 5 days at 10. Then we noted that at 8 o’clock it was difficult for us to fall asleep, at 9 o’clock Albina and I quickly fell asleep, but Vadik could not sleep. And when we went to bed at 10 o’clock, we felt tired and really wanted to sleep, and Vadim said that for him 10 o’clock is the best time to fall asleep. As it turned out, Albina and I used to go to bed at 9 o’clock, and Vadim at 10. And we concluded that it depends on a person’s habits, but you need to go to bed at the same time, then it will be easier to fall asleep.

3. Fall asleep easily.

I checked them. For 5 days, my friends and I walked before going to bed, took a bath and ventilated the room. After discussing our feelings, we realized that these recommendations really work: we fell asleep faster.

3.2 Advice from doctors.

But how can you easily get up in the morning? Doctors advise:

And what helps me get up quickly is an interesting exercise that I came up with myself and showed to my friends. You need to roll over onto your back, remove the pillow from under your head, lie down straight like a “soldier” and imitate the movements of a caught fish: the upper part of the body should remain almost motionless, and your legs - more precisely, your feet and shins connected together - you need to move from side to side (when this pulls your feet towards you).

My friends and I do this fun exercise every morning, after which we feel invigorated and our mood is lifted.

Conclusion.

After reading the opinions of scientists and conducting my research, I came to the conclusion that sleep is not a time “crossed out” from active life. This is the process during which our body gains strength, preparing us for the next day. Good sleep gives us strength, we feel fit, we think clearly. It allows us to concentrate on work throughout the day. The best way to do everything we have planned is to give our body time to rest while sleeping.

List of used literature

1. Komarovsky E.O. "The sleep of healthy children." - Rostov-on-Don: ed. "Phoenix", 2001 http://www.kariguz.ru/articles/a3.html10 https://accounts.google.com

Slide captions:

Let me introduce myself Oros Kamilla Romanovna, 3rd grade student of Municipal Educational Institution No. 1 in the village of Spirovo Leader: Olga Petrovna Goryanova, primary school teacher of Municipal Educational Institution No. 1 in the village of Spirovo

Topic: How is sleep beneficial for humans?

Relevance: To successfully cope with all tasks, study easily, feel cheerful and be in a good mood, you need to get a good night's sleep.

Object of study: * sleep Subject of study: * influence of sleep on human health

Purpose of the study: to study the effect of sleep on human health.

The hypothesis is that good sleep has a positive effect on a person’s health, mood and performance.

Objectives of the work: find out what happens to a person during sleep; determine the best time to sleep and its duration; find out how easy it is to fall asleep and wake up.

Sleep is a gift of nature.

Types of sleep:

Dreams

Significant discoveries

Significant discoveries V.A.Mozart A.S.Pushkin

Record Randy Gardner

Research with my friends

Study #1: How Much Sleep Should We Sleep?

Study #2: What time should we go to bed?

Doctors' advice

Interesting exercise

Give your body a rest while you sleep

Leninsky district MBOU secondary school No. 136 Biology section Saprykina Sofya Sergeevna Sukhova Alexandra Evgenievna 9A grade Contact phone 3469182 3463081 SLEEP AND DREAMS Scientific supervisor Smirnova Elena Viktorovna biology teacher of the highest qualification category Contact phone 3447034

Novosibirsk 2010 CONTENTS I. Introduction……………………………………………………...……….35 II. Theoretical research. 1.Sleep. Sleep functions……………………………………………………………6 2. Sleep mechanisms………..………………………........ ...............................6 3. The structure of a person’s night sleep..…………………………………. ...7 4. Phases of sleep……………………………………………………………......... .........7 5. Required duration of sleep…………………………..……7 6. . Physiology of sleep………………………………………………………...…89 7. Pathology of sleep…………………………………………………………………… …..….911 8. Types of dreams……………………………………………………………...1113 9. Sleeping positions……………….……………… ……………………………….....1314 10. Working in difficult and unusual conditions……………….……….……15 III. Practical research………………………………………………………1620 Conclusion……………………………..…………………………………..…… 21 Conclusion…………………………………………………………..…….21 References………………………………………………………..… ……………22 2

I Introduction. “Life and dreams are pages of the same book” Arthur Schopenhauer 1. Relevance of the issue. History of its study. Since ancient times, dreams have been something amazing for humanity. Even in the 21st century, when people have achieved such amazing technical progress, having flown to the moon and conquered outer space, dreams have not lost their mystical appeal for them. Dreams still remain a mystery to us, giving us a feeling of happiness and fear of the unknown and the mystery of dreams. We usually divide our dreams into good and bad. Naturally, having seen a bad dream, we will consider it a bad omen and vice versa. So-called modern "scientists" ridicule the belief in dreams, saying that it is nothing more than superstition. But there are also many interested scientists, especially in Western countries like the USA, which have already made significant progress in technological development, where dreams represent an interesting subject for research, from the point of view of modern science. It often happens that if a person cannot solve some very important question for him during the day, then the answer comes in a dream. There are cases in history when such dreams were truly significant. Mendeleev had a dream in which he saw a table where chemical elements were arranged in increasing order of their atomic weight. Humans spend about a third of their lives sleeping, but sleep researchers still don't know what the point is. Therefore, for many years scientists have been struggling to find out the meaning of sleep for human life. What do we know about sleep? During sleep, we rest and gain strength so that we can be strong and energetic in the morning. But if the purpose of sleep in a person’s life was only to rest, then nature would find the best option, a more effective and safe way of rest, rather than completely disconnecting from active activity for such a long time. After all, the defenselessness of the sleeping person is beyond doubt... This means that the purpose of sleep in our lives is not just to relax. This idea is confirmed by another oddity. Sleep is cyclical and periods of relaxation and rest of the human body alternate with phases of so-called REM sleep, which is accompanied by a sharp increase in 3

brain activity (recorded using an electroencephalogram). And the state of the brain during this phase does not fit in with the concept of rest. It is known that while we sleep at night, we actively sweat, and not at all because it is hot under the covers. Toxins are removed from the body along with sweat. The necessary substances for self-healing are delivered to diseased cells, and in case of failure, the cell simply dies and a new one appears in its place. Skin renewal occurs in a dream. That is, in sleep the body restores itself! Unfortunately, the vast majority of children and adults sleep less than they would like. A “sleep debt” is formed. The longer you delay repaying this debt, the faster you will get tired during the day, become more irritable, and less attentive on the road (if you are driving). The normal amount of sleep for a healthy person is 8 hours. However, depending on individual characteristics, age, and workload, it fluctuates noticeably. But we can definitely say: a person should sleep at least 5 hours a day. Enough rest for the central nervous system is the most important factor in achieving a healthy old age. If you want to remain productive in old age, you need to take care of your nervous system throughout your life and constantly monitor its rest. And only healthy sleep can provide real rest. People also need sleep because it is a means of protecting the body from overwork. Just as hunger causes the need for food, so fatigue causes sleep. A person can live without food for up to three weeks. But three weeks without sleep would lead to severe mental and physical disorders. A person experiences various types of hallucinations. For example, he sees how the walls and floor begin to “walk”, hears dogs barking, the noise of cars, human voices, etc. Conversely, certain psychological diseases are accompanied by severe sleep disturbances. With the help of sleep, our most energy-intensive organs are temporarily turned off. Thus, the brain occupies only 2% of the body, but spends up to 20% of its energy. Therefore, it is more profitable for the body to turn it off for 810 hours than to eat fully 56 times during the day. This means that the importance of sleep in a person’s life is to save the body’s energy! Yes, but not quite like that. What's most interesting about sleep is the ability to significantly slow down your metabolism while maintaining a high level of responsiveness to your environment. An example of this is the ability of parents to instantly wake up as soon as their child begins to whine, while the same parents sleep peacefully, even if a storm is raging around them. The second example is that animals hibernate during the winter and save the energy that would be required for them to reach warmer places. It has been noticed that if a person sleeps in the fresh air, the duration of sleep is reduced by about one hour. There are people who need very little time to sleep. Thus, Peter I spent no more than 5 hours sleeping, T. 4

Edison took a little over 2 hours, and Napoleon only needed a little nap for him to feel well-rested. The founder of the “science of sleep” was M. M. Manasseina (1843-1903), a student and employee of the physiologist I. R. Tarkhanov, who in the 1870s. I studied the importance of sleep for the body on puppies. Analyzing her results, Manasseina came to the conclusion that sleep is more important for the body than food. While studying in the 8th grade, we discussed this problem with interest in class: we prepared presentations that clearly presented many aspects of this interesting process, tried to analyze the nature and essence of sleep, discussed its phases and significance for humans. Therefore, the topic “Sleep and Dreams,” with all its study and a large amount of material in literature and the press, still attracts our attention. For us, the problem in researching this topic was not only to find conflicting information about sleep in the literature and the Internet, but also to find an answer to the question: will patterns in issues of sleep and dreams appear when surveying students at our school. We selected students from 510 classes for the survey. The total number of respondents was more than 200 people. They were offered a questionnaire consisting of 10 questions that were most significant in our opinion. 2. Purpose and objectives of the work. The goal of our work was to find an answer to the question: are there any patterns in the area of sleep and dreams of students at our school? To solve this problem, we set ourselves the following tasks: 1) Read popular scientific literature about sleep and dreams; 2) We conducted a survey among schoolchildren on topics that interested us; 3) We compared our knowledge with the answers of the respondents. In the course of our work, we put forward several working hypotheses: A. The results of scientists' research are statistical in nature and cannot be confirmed only by questioning a very large number of people. B. A limited number of respondents is sufficient to identify any general patterns. C. Questioning generally cannot give a complete picture of the patterns of sleep and dreams among students. We assume that the sleep of school-aged people is greatly influenced by external factors: events happening around them, rituals, conditions, duration 5

II Theoretical research. Sleep is a natural physiological process of being in a state with a minimal level of brain activity and a reduced reaction to the outside world, inherent in mammals, birds, fish and some other animals, including insects (for example, fruit flies). In addition, the word “sleep” refers to those sequences of fantastic images that a person remembers after the end of sleep. Sleep should not be confused with suspended animation (hibernation). Falling asleep Immediately before bedtime, a state of drowsiness occurs, a decrease in brain activity, characterized by: A) a decrease in the level of consciousness; yawning; B) decreased sensitivity of sensory systems; C) a decrease in heart rate, a decrease in the secretory activity of the glands (salivation of the eyes, sticking of the eyelids). 1. Functions of sleep 1. Sleep provides rest for the body. 2.Sleep plays an important role in metabolic processes. During slow-wave sleep, growth hormone is released. REM sleep: restoring the plasticity of neurons and enriching them with oxygen; biosynthesis of proteins and RNA of neurons. 3. Sleep promotes the processing and storage of information. Sleep (especially slow sleep) facilitates consolidation of the studied material, while REM sleep implements subconscious models of expected events. The latter circumstance may serve as one of the reasons for the phenomenon of déjà vu. 4. Sleep is the body’s adaptation to changes in illumination (day and night). oral mucosa; tear dryness → → burning 6

5. Sleep restores immunity by activating T-lymphocytes that fight colds and viral diseases. 2. Sleep mechanisms. In a state of slow-wave sleep, brain cells do not turn off and do not reduce their activity, but rebuild it; During paradoxical sleep, most of the neurons in the cerebral cortex work as intensely as during the most active wakefulness. Thus, both phases of sleep play a crucial role in life, they are apparently associated with the restoration of brain functions obtained in previous wakefulness, etc., but what exactly this role is remains unknown. processing of information, 3. The structure of a person’s night sleep. Natural sleep includes two states (phases), as different from each other as from wakefulness, slow wave sleep (slow wave, orthodox, synchronized, quiet, telencephalic sleep, non-rapid eye movement sleep) and REM sleep (paradoxical, desynchronized, activated , rhombencephalic, rapid eye movement sleep). When falling asleep, a person plunges into slow sleep, sequentially going through 4 stages: 1) doze; 2) shallow sleep; 3) sleep of moderate depth; 4) deep sleep. For humans, as for most organisms on Earth that lead a diurnal lifestyle, the period of activity and wakefulness corresponds to the daylight hours, while the period of rest and sleep corresponds to the dark. This distribution of activity and rest by time of day in humans developed in the process of its evolutionary development under conditions of periodic illumination of the Earth by the Sun. 4. Sleep phases. NREM sleep (slow wave sleep, orthodox sleep)  First stage. Drowsiness with half-asleep daydreams, absurd or hallucinogenic thoughts, and sometimes hypnagogic imagery (dream-like hallucinations). At this stage, ideas may intuitively appear that contribute to the successful solution of a particular problem or the illusion of their existence. 7

 Second stage. At this stage, the so-called “sleepy spindles” appear. With their appearance, consciousness turns off; during pauses between spindles (and they occur approximately 2-5 times per minute), it is easy to wake a person. Perception thresholds increase. The most sensitive analyzer is the auditory one (the mother wakes up to the cry of the child, each person wakes up to the calling of his name).  Third stage. It is characterized by all the features of the second stage, including the presence of “sleep spindles”.  Fourth stage. The deepest sleep. The third and fourth stages are often combined under the name deltasna. At this time, it is very difficult to wake a person; 80% of dreams occur, and it is at this stage that attacks of sleepwalking and night terrors are possible, but the person remembers almost none of this.  The first four slow-wave stages of sleep normally occupy 75-80% of the total sleep period. It is believed that slow-wave sleep is associated with the restoration of energy expenditure. Rapid eye movement sleep (rapid wave sleep, paradoxical sleep, rapid eye movement stage, or REM for short). This is the fifth stage of sleep. This stage was discovered in 1953 by Kleitman and his graduate student Aserinsky. This resembles the waking state. At the same time (and this is paradoxical!) at this stage the person is completely immobile due to a sharp drop in muscle tone. However, the eyeballs very often and periodically make rapid movements under closed eyelids. There is a clear connection between REM and dreams. If you wake up a sleeping person at this time, then in 90% of cases you can hear a story about a vivid dream. The REM sleep phase lengthens from cycle to cycle, and the depth of sleep decreases. REM sleep is more difficult to interrupt than slow-wave sleep, although REM sleep is closer to the threshold of wakefulness. Interruption of REM sleep causes more severe mental disorders compared to disturbances in slow-wave sleep. Some of the interrupted REM sleep must be replenished in subsequent cycles. It is assumed that REM sleep provides the functions of psychological protection, information processing, and its exchange between consciousness and subconsciousness. People who are blind from birth dream of sounds and sensations, they do not have REM. 5. Required duration of sleep How much time do you really need to sleep? This figure for adults and children, naturally, is not the same. Sleep duration in newborns, 8

adults and elderly people are 12-16, 6-8 and 4-6 hours per day, respectively. Thus, there is an individual, personal standard of hours that everyone needs to know. It has been noticed that if a person sleeps in the fresh air, the duration of sleep is reduced by about one hour. There are people who need very little time to sleep. As we have noticed, the older children are, the less time they need to sleep. Many scientists also claim that as people age, they need less time to sleep. 6. Physiology of sleep During sleep, the level of anabolic processes increases and catabolism decreases. Sleep normally occurs in cycles, approximately every 24 hours, although a person's internal clock usually runs on a 24.5-25.5 hour cycle. This cycle is redefined every day, the most important factor being the light level. The level of concentration of the hormone melatonin depends on the natural light cycle. An increase in melatonin levels causes an irresistible desire to sleep. In addition to night sleep, some cultures have a physiologically determined short-term daytime nap - siesta. To some extent, sleep is more important to a person than food. A person can live without food for about 2 months. A person can live very little without sleep. Scientists have not conducted such experiments, but this confirms the execution that was carried out in ancient China. People who were deprived of sleep during such an execution did not live longer than 10 days. Still, scientists conducted experiments during which a person was deprived of sleep, but during these experiments they tried to find out the meaning of each phase of sleep. The person was woken up at a certain stage of sleep, then the person fell asleep again. All results were recorded using special instruments. It was found that deprivation of REM sleep leads to the fact that a person becomes absent-minded, aggressive, his memory decreases, vague fears and hallucinations arise. Scientists have concluded that during REM sleep, various processes occur in the body aimed at restoring the functions of the nervous system. 7. Sleep pathologies. There are several classifications of sleep pathology in the literature. The most significant and noticeable are insomia (sleep disturbance) and hypersomia (irresistible pathological drowsiness). 9

 Insomnias (dyssomnias) - disturbances in night sleep. Example: insomnia. Causes: neuroses, psychoses, organic brain damage (encephalitis, epilepsy), somatic diseases.  Hypersomnia (irresistible pathological drowsiness). Examples: narcolepsy, lethargic sleep.  Parasomnias. Reason: neurosis. Examples: (sleepwalking/sleepwalking), epileptic seizures, etc. teeth grinding, night somnambulism, nightmares,  Bess nnitsa oo (insomnia) is a disorder characterized by the inability to fall asleep for a significant period of time at night. People suffering from insomnia usually cannot close their eyes for more than a few minutes, toss and turn, and cannot find the very position in which they can fall asleep. sleep, Causes of insomnia In a healthy person, temporary insomnia can be caused by excessive nervous excitement, or the action of neurotropic medications (phenamine, etc.). The causes of insomnia determine the tactics and strategy of its treatment. Often, insomnia is only a manifestation of one or another mental or physical illness. Diagnosis of insomnia should be based on an analysis of all information from the anamnesis, the clinical picture, and should include an assessment of the individual chronobiological stereotype (type “owl”, “lark” or “dove”), determining its compliance with lifestyle. Shift work and air travel with a change in time zone have a negative impact on the structure of sleep. Of all the types of sleep, the most memorable and traumatic are nightmares (from the French Cauchemar, the same root as Mara) - an anxious dream that evokes emotions of panic and fear. Nightmares are considered a non-physiological sleep disorder and occur primarily during REM sleep, the duration of which varies between a few minutes and half an hour. The nightmare usually ends with a sharp awakening in fright, after which the awareness of awakening from sleep usually comes immediately, associated with the return of the sense of space and time. The causes of nightmares are considered to be unreflected, unprocessed current events, traumatic experiences, stress, or mental or physical stress. In mythology, nightmares are often explained by the action of otherworldly forces. For example, elves in Germanic mythology were responsible for dreams and were considered guilty of nightmares. Elves were depicted sitting on the chest 10

sleeping, creating an unpleasant feeling of pressure. Nightmares are often the subject of literary works and horror films - for example, A Nightmare on Elm Street. Medical sleep research shows that approximately three-quarters of the dream narrative and associated emotions are negative in nature and in turn lead to interruption of the sleep cycle and awakening. On average this happens once a month. In children under 5 years of age, nightmares are rare, more often in children of primary school (in 25% of children once a week) and less often in adults from 25 to 55 years old with a decreasing frequency. It is generally accepted that nightmares are caused by eating heavy, especially meat, food before bed. Symptoms of a nightmare. Usually a dream in the form of a nightmare takes obvious plot forms - and the dreamer himself is at the center of the plot. The plot develops in the form of a pursuit, a series of accidents, the result of which is usually the death of the dreamer - but at the very last moment he wakes up. In psychoanalysis, a nightmare is explained as a state of sleep based on the strong suppression of repressed desires. Symptoms such as pressure on the chest, submission to someone else's will and voluptuous sensations are considered evidence of this statement. Quite often in the literature there is a description of another sleep pathology, lethargy (Greek ληθη - river of oblivion in ancient Greek mythology, and Greek αργια - inaction) - a painful state similar to sleep and characterized by immobility, lack of reactions to external irritation and a sharp decrease in the intensity of all external signs of life (the so-called “small life”, “imaginary death”). Lethargic sleep, as a rule, lasts from several hours to several weeks, and in rare cases, months. Also observed in a hypnotic state. There is a version that Nikolai Gogol's lethargic sleep was mistaken for his death. This conclusion was reached when, during reburial, scratches were found on the inner lining of the coffin, pieces of the lining were under Gogol’s fingernails, and the position of the body was changed (“Rolled over in the coffin”). However, researchers do not consider this version seriously. In adolescence, somnambulism is often encountered (from the Latin somnus - sleep and ambulo - I walk, wander) - sleepwalking, a painful condition expressed in unconscious, outwardly ordered, sometimes ridiculous or dangerous actions performed in a dream, which are not 11

are remembered. The sleeper can make various movements and sometimes perform complex actions and talk. About 40% of sleepwalkers cause varying degrees of physical harm to themselves due to uncontrolled actions during sleep. A rare aggressive form of sleepwalking can take an unpredictable turn. A sleepwalker can be violent towards people who are trying to help him or who simply get in his way. The outdated name - sleepwalking, comes from the Late Latin lunaticus - crazy, from the Latin luna - moon. The term “sleepwalking” is associated with the ideas of many ancient peoples about the influence of lunar cycles on the human psyche. 8. Types of sleep. We know too much about the physiological nature of sleep to interpret dreams, but many researchers still identify several types of them:  Compensatory. These are the dreams in which we confidently defeat our enemies, become rulers of the world, live in palaces, and have things that we dare not even dream about in ordinary life. The role of these dreams is to balance a person’s mental state, to give vent to the accumulated feelings of inferiority, inferiority, and infringement. Thus, the nervous system finds the necessary balance. The opposite option is also possible during those periods when life becomes unusually cheerful, pleasant, completely free from any negative emotions, and dreams acquire a negative connotation. A person often sees himself humiliated, trampled, dreams leave a painful and depressing impression  Creative. As a rule, such dreams are seen by writers, poets, artists, and other creative individuals. Their consciousness is constantly busy searching for new plots, characters, acting moves, and this process does not stop in their sleep. Considering that in this case the consciousness is completely liberated, creative dreams are often unusually productive. For example, it was in a dream that Charles Dickens first saw many of the characters in his future novels; it was a dream that gave Robert Louis Stevenson the idea for “The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde”; dreams were a source of inspiration for Salvador Dali, Giuseppe Tartini and many others. 12

 Factual. These dreams, for the most part, are ordinary memories, re-experiencing events that have already happened to us. As a rule, they are associated with the influence of objects in the surrounding world, subconsciously perceived by a person during sleep. It could be the ticking of a clock, noise outside the window, the sound of a door opening. As a rule, these dreams do not carry any meaning unless they are classified as recurring.  Repetitive. In the case when a dream begins to repeat itself quite often, this is a clear indication of some unresolved problem. The subconscious over and over again tries to spur us on, to direct the forces of consciousness to solve it. It is difficult to say what exactly the problem is in this or that case. You can find the most general recommendations in our dream book with  Dreams continued. If a person has continuous dreams, they should be interpreted as one dream. Usually, a comprehensive analysis of such dreams makes it possible to understand what is tormenting a person, the source of these problems, and how to eliminate them. In general, continuation dreams are very similar in nature to recurring dreams.  Physiological. The content of these dreams is determined by the external conditions in which the sleeper finds himself. For example, a feeling of cold can cause snow to appear in a dream, falling from the top of a skyscraper will actually be a fall from a bed, feelings of thirst and hunger can also be the reasons for the occurrence of corresponding dreams.  Warning. These dreams, as a rule, are based on subconscious knowledge of a particular fact and an attempt by the subconscious to convey this information to the conscious mind. For example, a person dreams that he is driving a car and his brakes suddenly fail. The thing is that subconsciously he had long felt that it was time to check the brakes, but everyday affairs and worries did not allow this thought to form completely. Dreams are based on the same mechanism, in which we discover a lost thing, which, after waking up, turns out to be true: we find the loss in exactly the place we saw in the dream. In this case, everything is also explained by the fact that subconsciously we noticed that place, 13

where, say, we dropped the key to the door, but some external interference distracted us, and the fact remained hidden for a long time at the subconscious level.  Prophetic. And this is the most mysterious and most incomprehensible type of dreams. And the only thing that can be said about them absolutely definitely is that they exist. Remember: prophetic dreams come in the second half of sleep, when the body and consciousness have already rested. Also keep in mind that those dreams that, as described above, are probably not prophetic are inspired by extraneous noises, inconveniences and other external reasons. Dreams in which you relive the events of the past are also not prophetic. Psychologists identify several sleep positions that can give a comprehensive answer to many questions related to a person’s mental state and provide answers to difficult questions. 9. Sleeping positions.  FETAL POSE External manifestations: a person lies on his side, curled up with his knees pulled up to his chin, his arms and hands form a ring, clasping his knees or a pillow. A person seems to curl up around a certain axis - a core. The bedding space is occupied in the corners, usually the walls. upper, turns his face away from Interpretation: the hidden face and most of the internal organs, the center of the body covered with his hands speak of a person resisting attempts to expose himself to a full, open experience of the joys and sorrows of life, the person does not yet dare to turn around and expose himself to the events of life. Without allowing themselves to open up, in life such people show a strong need for protection and for a “core” around which they can organize their lives and on which they can depend. The line of behavior is dependent, providing security on the part of the stronger.  HALF-FEBRAL POSITION The most common pose, that is, on the side with the knees slightly pulled up. Interpretation: the adequacy of a person to the world around him is his balance and reliability. Adaptive good "common sense", 14

Personal abilities are not associated with excessive loads. Such people are not very vulnerable and do not seek protection in the face of an uncertain future.  PROSPECTED POSE External manifestations: face down and to one side, the person lies on his stomach, usually with his arms thrown above his head, legs extended and feet slightly apart. The pose reflects an attempt to gain dominance over the bed space. Interpretation: protection from unpleasant surprises, the need to regulate life, avoid unexpected troubles, including being late and negative reactions to the tardiness of others. Such a person cares about little things, is obligatory, precise and neat. If something interferes with his dominant needs, a person will redouble his efforts to bring the world in line with his requirements. Increased sensitivity to surprise can manifest itself in the desire to sleep diagonally, thereby achieving even more complete dominance over the world of sleep  ROYAL POSITION External manifestations: a person lies on his back, face up, arms and legs are extended along the body, slightly outstretched. relaxed, Interpretation: an indicator of a sense of security, confidence and personal strength. They feel like a fish in water, they are open to everything, happy to give and accept everything available from life. A variation of the supine pose is the “starfish” pose, in which a person spreads his arms and legs wide. For a modern person, overcoming the difficulties of modern life is common, and for some, an everyday thing. However, changing time zones, shift work, and even being in space can create a lot of problems for unprepared people 10. Working in difficult and unusual conditions. For astronauts on a space flight, it is also important to systematically and correctly alternate between sleep and wakefulness, work and rest. Only maintaining the usual “earthly” routine of work and rest, normal and timely sleep in space will help them preserve their health. The stay of cosmonauts A. A. Gubarev and G. M. Grechko on board the Salyut4 research space station for 30 days showed that despite the 6-time change of day and night within 24 hours, the cosmonauts were able to withstand the strict “earthly” sleep regime and wakefulness. Throughout their stay in space, they maintained excellent health and high performance. 15

III Practical research. After processing the survey results, we received the following data (in %). 16

Question number 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Answer Yes Yes Yes Yes 78 hours 910 hours 10 years 11 years 12 years 13 years 14 years 15 years 16 years 18 people 33 people 35 people 12 people 52 people 40 people 24 people 11 22 50 81 79 21 57 55 69 21 54 46 27 18 54 69 78 22 31 28 62 54 75 25 40 36 67 41 69 31 42 54 65 35 66 34 50 45 70 25 59 41 17

6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 72 18 Wake up There is a ritual Equally 86 74 Influences Influences 40 42 21 81 69 48 44 29 74 78 49 41 34 70 79 54 32 34 44 59 12 30 35 35 38 22 2 7 36 30 32 27 1. Do you remember your dreams more often? The proportion of students who remember their dreams increases with age. This may indicate that they wake up more often during the REM sleep phase and, probably, the total share of “REM sleep” in the total volume of dreams.. 2. Do you happen to have “prophetic dreams”? With age, students’ faith in “Prophetic Dreams” increases, probably because they receive a lot of additional information about the meaning of dreams, their interpretation, the number of problems in which students are interested in solving increases, so they trust their feelings and dreams more. 3. Do you ever have “nightmares”? What are they usually associated with? 18

Most schoolchildren have nightmares quite often. The proportion of such students increases steadily with the age of the child. This is apparently connected with the formation of the psyche in adolescence and with an increase in the overall mass of impressions and workload. Most often they are associated with television programs, computer games, relatives and people close to them. Only then come their own fears and experiences. 4. Do you go to bed at the same time more often? Unfortunately, the proportion of students who fall asleep at the same time decreases with age. The stress of modern life and an active lifestyle lead to the fact that the concept of “daily routine” becomes an empty phrase for many. 5. How many hours do you sleep? Students aged 1015 should get at least 89 hours of sleep. A decrease in the duration of night sleep should occur in adulthood. It is obvious that an increase in academic workload and personal life “steals” the hours allotted for sleep, most likely to the detriment of health and well-being. 19

After we surveyed students of different ages, we found that among 1013-year-old teenagers, 23% required 67 hours of sleep, 55% required 89 hours, and 22% of schoolchildren required 1012 hours of sleep. But the results of a survey of teenagers aged 1416 years were different... 45.5% of respondents needed 67 hours of sleep, 37.5% needed 89 hours of sleep and only 17% needed 1012 hours. 6. Do you wake up more often on your own or are you woken up (by your parents, alarm clock)? With age, students' responsibility and independence increase. Therefore, the proportion of students waking up on their own is increasing. 7. Do you have any ritual when preparing for bed? With age, the proportion of students observing some kind of ritual in preparation for bed increases. This makes it easier to fall asleep and over the years it even becomes a habit. 20

8. Do you sleep equally comfortably at home and away? The results of the survey on this issue confirm the previous one. When visiting, it is difficult to follow any usual rules and many students sleep restlessly; sleep does not bring freshness and vigor. 9. Does the position of your pillow and bed, the lights and sounds on, matter to you? Children's carefree sleep is characterized by indifference to external stimuli. In older students, the depth of sleep decreases, so extraneous stimuli disrupt it. Conducting our experiment is to find out a person’s behavior and his state of health if he changes his sleep pattern and living conditions. We asked volunteers who were used to sleeping in silence and with the lights off to try to fall asleep with the TV on (noise) and the lights on. This creates an unusual, nervous sleep environment. Our experience has shown that: in the morning, the participants in the experiment felt sleepier and sleep-deprived than when they fell asleep in silence with the lights off. Now we know that we cannot disturb the usual order and conditions of falling asleep, as this will harm our health and disrupt our state in the morning. 21

10 Do you react to the phases of the moon? You shouldn’t look for a tendency toward sleepwalking in all people. However, many people are sensitive to the phases of the moon due to their biological clock. According to research by scientists and our classmates, up to 90% of school-age people feel restlessness and anxiety during the full moon, irritability during the new moon, and increased brain activity in its first phase. IV CONCLUSIONS. When analyzing the results of the study, we discovered certain patterns in the dreams and visions of students at our school: with age, the proportion of students who:  Remember their dreams  See “prophetic” and “nightmare” dreams increases 22

 Use some kind of ritual in preparation for sleep  Attach importance to external stimuli  React to the phases of the lunar cycle. At the same time, the proportion of students who:  Go to bed at the same time each time  Sleep 89 hours  Sleep comfortably away and at home, is steadily decreasing. V CONCLUSION. Man and the whole world are created in such a way that everything is interconnected. Our sleep is connected to our physical state, our physical state is related to our mental activity and emotional state, and this in turn affects our relationships with people, which affect everything else. “Dreams are the best proof of the fact that we are not tightly closed in our shells, as it seems to us.” K.F. Hebbel  http  http . ucoz://snobdenie. org://ru. wikipedia VII LIST OF REFERENCES. . ru / forum / wiki /% /481 D 0% D 0% A 1% BD % D 1%8 B 23

 http  http  http  http . sunhome://www. sleepnet:// www:// doctor 54. :// www . medical/13350. ru/journal. ru / break / article _5. /671394. ru/wiki/item/smompl center. ru/index html html. html 1. Alexey Ksendzyuk. Physiological nature of sleep. M.: Sofia, 2005 2. VorontsovVilyaminov B.A., Oparin A.I., Nikolsky V.K.. Conversations about human nature. M.: Young Guard, 1947 3. Vasiliev L.L. Mysterious phenomena of the human psyche. M.: Progress, 1984 4. Carlos Castaneda. The art of dreaming. M.: Talking book, 2008. 5. N. Kleitman. Sleep and dreams. Samara: Once Holy. 1912. 6. Kovalzon I. In the world of sleep and dreams. 7. The world of childhood: youth: Book 4 / Ed. A.G. Khripkova, G.N. Filonov; Comp. 8. Moltz Maxwell “I am me or how to become happy” 1994 9. Popular medical encyclopedia edited by A. N. Bakulev and F. N. Petrov. Purvciems. Moscow, 1963. 10. Robert Johnson. Dreams and fantasies. M.: Wakler, Reflbook, 1996 11. Rokhlin L. L. “Sleep, hypnosis, dreams” Moscow, 2004 12. Stephen Laberge Our dreams. M.: Sofia, 1996. 8 24

Why do we need to sleep at all, what time do we go to bed, what time do we get up? A person spends about 1/3 of his life sleeping. The need for sleep is obvious, and the question arises, “Why do we need sleep?”

And I decided to learn more about sleep and dedicated my project to this.

Since you don’t always feel the same after sleep, I put forward hypothesis: let’s assume that sleep parameters determine its quality, which affects the child’s health and educational activities.

Project goal: identify parameters of healthy sleep.

Subject of research: parameters of healthy sleep.

Object of study: dream.

Project objectives:

study literature on this topic;
learn and understand the natural physiological processes of sleep;
determine the parameters of healthy sleep;
identify sleep problems among students in grades 2 - 4;
make recommendations for students in grades 2 - 4 on the proper organization of sleep.

Due to the fact that the problem of disturbances in sleep and wakefulness, lack of sleep, and inconsistency with biorhythms is especially common among students, I decided to research how much time do students in grades 2–4 of our lyceum devote to sleep? Are they getting enough sleep? What type of activity do they belong to (“owls”, “pigeons” or “larks”), do they suffer from sleep disorders, do they observe sleep hygiene? At the same time, I decided to connect these factors with the performance of schoolchildren, their diet, sports activities, the way they spend their free time and their state of health.

The students were given a questionnaire. 167 respondents participated in a sociological study conducted at our lyceum.

The duration of sleep for students decreases with increasing class and workload. The number of schoolchildren who sleep less than 10 hours is increasing, and the number of those who sleep more than 8 hours is decreasing. Thus, on average, 3rd graders sleep better than 4th graders, but worse than 2nd graders. At the same time, the majority of schoolchildren (68%) wake up during the night.And 65% of respondents claim that falling asleep is slow for them, which means they do not have healthy and full sleep.

Less than 15% of respondents in grades 2 and 4 can say that they do not want to sleep in class because they fall asleep. Among 3rd grade students, the percentage of those who want to sleep in class is increasing and amounts to 20%. The vast majority of schoolchildren are “pigeons”.For 52% of respondents, performance decreases due to lack of sleep, although it varies from person to person.

Thus, we can conclude that lack of sleep is a fairly pressing problem in our lyceum. Because of this, students want to sleep in class, and some feel very unwell. Lack of sleep is also associated with decreased performance and worse sleep quality.

One of the factors that simultaneously affects fatigue and the quality of sleep of students is motor activity. In grades 2, students play sports less than in grades 3 and 4. In grades 3 and 4, the percentage of students involved in sports is 67%. However, in all parallels, more than 30% of students do not engage in sports at all. Everyone who regularly plays sports notes that sports makes their body more resilient and gives it strength and vigor.

As you know, diet is also important for health. However, not every student has a clear diet. Among 2nd grade students, 63% of schoolchildren do not have a diet; they simply snack frequently during the day. Among 3rd and 4th grades there are only 25% of them. Among schoolchildren, 39% go to bed on a full stomach, almost immediately after having dinner.

But how do you know what to do before bed to ensure proper sleep?

Therefore, I decided to observe what happens if I go to bed on time one evening and go to bed late the other evening, what types of activities in the evening have a beneficial effect on a schoolchild’s sleep. Over the course of a week, I wrote down my observations.

The study found that:

If you go to bed at 21.30, don’t watch TV, you fall asleep right away, wake up in the morning in a good mood, work actively in class and don’t get tired.
If you enthusiastically play on the computer or watch TV before going to bed, you will lose sleep. I didn’t want to wake up in the morning; my attentiveness and efficiency in class decreased.

Experimental research work revealed the following problems:

younger schoolchildren do not always follow a sleep schedule;
only some schoolchildren know how to properly organize their sleep;
The participation of parents is required to form a full and healthy sleep in the family;
Schoolchildren understand that sleep is very important and vital.

Appendix 1. Project “Why do you need sleep?”

Appendix 2. Presentation.

Sections: Primary school

Every day, all over the planet
The children go to bed at night.
Toys sleep with them,
Books, bunnies, rattles.
Only the sleep fairy does not sleep
She flies over the Earth
Gives children colorful dreams,
Interesting, funny...

I. Introduction.

Mom says that I should go to bed on time, get a good night's sleep, and then I will be in a good mood, I will feel cheerful, which means it will be easy for me to study and I will successfully cope with all my tasks. But it turns out that so much time is spent sleeping... During this time I could play on the computer, watch my favorite shows on TV, assemble a new car from a construction set, play with friends and much, much more... And you have to go to bed... And every time you are so reluctant to fall asleep... And in the morning, interestingly, when the alarm clock rings, I hardly open my eyes and am reluctant to part with my favorite pillow and blanket...

I wondered what kind of phenomenon “dream” is? That's the one I chose object your work. Why is it sometimes so difficult to fall asleep, but in the morning, on the contrary, to “open your eyes”? How long do I need to get enough sleep? What time should you go to bed? What time do you get up? And also, when we sleep, we dream... And sometimes they are so interesting, funny... And sometimes scary... And my grandmother says that I grow in my sleep... And so I decided to conduct my research to clarify all these issues.

Purpose of the study– study the effect of sleep on human health. Through research we must confirm hypothesis that good sleep has a positive effect on a person’s health, mood and performance. Tasks works:

find out what happens to a person during sleep;
determine the best time to sleep and its duration;
find out how easy it is to fall asleep and wake up.

II. Main part.

1. Sleep is a gift of nature.

So, sleep... In the electronic encyclopedia Wikipedia, I found the following definition: “sleep is a natural physiological process of being in a state with a minimal level of brain activity and a reduced reaction to the surrounding world, characteristic of mammals, birds, fish and some other animals, including insects.”

The ancient Greeks believed that sleep is a special gift sent to man by the god of sleep - the winged Morpheus, one of the sons of the god Hypnos. And, perhaps, they were right, sleep is truly a gift of Nature, the importance of which is difficult to overestimate. According to doctors and researchers, during sleep the processes of accumulation of energy reserves, regeneration, and plastic metabolism occur. As a result, energy resources depleted during the day are restored.

Many scientists study this phenomenon. I found a lot of interesting things about sleep in different sources:

1. It turns out that each of us has two sleeps: “slow” sleep and “fast” sleep: during 6–8 hours of sleep, slow sleep lasting 60–90 minutes changes several times to fast sleep – for 10–20 minutes and just after this is the time a person sees dreams.

2. Scientists conducted experiments and deprived people of the opportunity to dream, that is, they woke them up before the onset of REM sleep, and as it turned out, neuroses appeared in people without dreams - feelings of fear, anxiety, tension. It turns out that our dreams are just as necessary brain work as ordinary mental activity. We need dreams like breathing or digestion!

3. During slow-wave sleep, growth hormone is released. And there are even special techniques for increasing height using sleep.

4. There are many known cases when things happened in a dream. significant discoveries. It is well known that it was in a dream that D.I. Mendeleev was able to organize the Periodic Table of chemical elements, Niels Bohr “saw” the structure of the atom. Many writers and artists see their works in their dreams. Thus, Mozart heard entire symphonies in his dreams, Pushkin saw poems. Salvador Dali learned to conjure up entire paintings while half asleep: he sat down in a chair, clutched a teaspoon in his hand and placed a tray on the floor. When the artist fell asleep, the spoon fell with a clang, the artist jumped up and sketched what he saw in his dream. Beethoven composed a piece in a dream. Derzhavin composed the last stanza of the ode “God” in a dream. According to scientists, such insights are possible because dreams create the conditions for self-immersion, the subconscious processing of information that a creative person thought intensively about while awake.

5. Pets also dream. Many people have probably noticed how a cat or dog twitches in their sleep. There is an explanation that this happens because at night one part of the brain relaxes the muscles of the body, while the other at the same time sends them a command to move. In response to this, the muscles only indicate movement. As a result, if a dog dreams of chasing a cat, then its paws will move as if running. A cat may hiss and arch its back in its sleep.

6. With flying storks, every ten minutes another bird flies into the middle of the school and dozes, lying on the stream of air and barely moving its wings.

7. Elephants sleep standing up during non-REM sleep and lie down on the ground during REM sleep.

8. Somewhat of a dream more important for humans than food. A person can live without food for about 2 months. A person can live very little without sleep. In ancient China there was an execution: a person was deprived of sleep. And he did not live longer than 10 days.

9. The longest period of time without sleep is eighteen days, twenty-one hours and forty minutes. The person who set such a record later spoke about a terrifying mental state - he was seeing various images, his vision, the ability to behave adequately, his memory and logic had deteriorated. This man was a seventeen year old student Randy Gardner. The record was set in 1964 and has not been broken since then. After the record, Randy slept for only fifteen hours straight, which was enough for him to get a full night's sleep.

2. Research with my friends.

I did my research. My friends Lenya and Misha agreed to help me.

Study #1: How Much Sleep Should We Sleep?

First, I decided to find out how much sleep do we need? There is an opinion that children from 7 to 12 years old should sleep 9-10 hours. We slept for 3 days - 8 hours each, then 3 days - 10 hours each and 3 days - 11 hours each. We rated our well-being on a 10-point scale. And this is what happened:

As you can see, we felt the best from days 4 to 6, that is, it turns out that we really It's better to sleep 10 hours. 8 hours is not enough for us, and more than 10 hours is also not good for us. It should be noted that for the last 3 days, when we slept for 11 hours, for the last hour Misha and I didn’t feel like sleeping at all, and we just lay in bed.

Study #2: What time should we go to bed?

Then, when we decided on the duration of sleep, I decided to find out if there was a difference, What time do you go to bed? First, for 5 days we went to bed at 8 o’clock, then 5 days at 9 and 5 days at 10. My friends and I noted that at 8 o’clock it was difficult for us to fall asleep, but at 9 o’clock Lenya and I quickly passed out after working days. Although Misha noted that it was difficult for him to fall asleep even at 9 o’clock. And when we started going to bed at 10 o’clock, we felt tired and really wanted to sleep after 9 o’clock. Misha said that for him 10 o’clock is the best time to fall asleep. As it turned out, Lenya and I used to go to bed at 9 o’clock, and Misha at 10. And we concluded that it depends on a person’s habits, but you need to go to bed at the same time, then it will be easier to fall asleep.

3. Fall asleep easily.

But besides a certain time for easy falling asleep, there is also other recommendations:

do not eat food 2-3 hours before bedtime;
a short walk (30 min.) before bed;
warm bath before bed;
airing the room before going to bed;
fall asleep in complete silence;
sleep on your stomach or left side.

I also checked some of them. For 5 days, my friends and I walked before going to bed, took a bath and ventilated the room. After discussing our feelings, we realized that These recommendations really work: We fell asleep faster.

4. Advice from doctors.

But how Is it easy to get up in the morning? Doctors advise:

gradually get up, stretching in bed for 10 minutes;
massage of the fingers and earlobes, since it is on them that a large number of nerve endings are located, and the body wakes up when they are stimulated;
cool, invigorating shower;

a cup of aromatic tea.

I also learned a little trick... It turns out that there is an interesting exercise that allows you to quickly free yourself from the tenacious embrace of sleep. While still half asleep, half asleep, you need to roll over onto your back, remove the pillow from under your head, lie down straight like a “soldier” and imitate the movements of a caught fish: the upper part of the body should remain almost motionless, and your legs - more precisely, your feet and shins connected together - you need to move from side to side (while pulling your feet towards you).

My friends and I started trying out this particular fun exercise. After shaking our “tails” in the morning, we feel cheerful and our mood improves.

III. Conclusion.

In fact, sleep is the most important component of human activity. The better we sleep, the better the results of our work during the day. Sleep is not a time “crossed out” from active life. This is the process during which our body gains strength, preparing us for the next day. Good sleep gives us strength, we feel fit, we think clearly. It allows us to concentrate on work throughout the day. The best way to do everything we have planned is to give our body time to rest while sleeping.

Internet resources.

Wikipedia http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dream
Interesting facts about sleep http://www.passion.ru
Interesting facts about sleep http://uucyc.ru
Interesting facts about sleep http://www.kariguz.ru/articles/a14.html
Interesting facts about sleep http://www.SLEEP-DRIVE.ORG.RU
How to easily wake up in the morning http://www.znaikak.ru/legkostanduputrom.html
PERSONAL HYGIENE http://www.shitoryu.narod.ru/shitoryu/bibliotek/index2.htm
The science of sleep, or what happens behind closed eyes? http://www.spa.su/rus/content/view/133/746/0/
About the Dream http://www.kariguz.ru/articles/a3.html
Child's sleep http://www.rusmedserver.ru
Secrets of sleep http://www.kariguz.ru/articles/a1.html

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Life and sleep It has been noticed that if a person lives an emotionally rich life and his hormonal system works intensively and variedly, then after a stormy day there may be no dreams. In this case they say - “Sleeping like a log.” However, if a person’s life is monotonous (for example, he is in prolonged depression), in which the same chemical substances are produced over a long period of time, then he begins to have “vivid dreams.” Thus, dreams can be a protective psychophysiological measure against downtime of the endocrine system, compensating for the production of similar substances during everyday life. Feedback is also possible.

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Lethargy Lethargy - from the Greek “lethe” (oblivion) and “argy” (inaction). The Great Medical Encyclopedia defines lethargy as “a state of pathological sleep with a more or less pronounced decrease in metabolism and a weakening or absence of reaction to sound, tactile and painful stimuli. The causes of lethargy have not been established.”

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Lethargic sleep It is noteworthy that the body, awakened after many years of hibernation, begins to quickly “catch up” with its calendar age. Such people grow old, as they say, by leaps and bounds. For example, Nazira Rustemova from Turkestan, who fell asleep at the age of 4 (1969) and slept in a lethargic sleep for 16 years, in subsequent years quickly developed into an adult girl and grew another 28 cm. The reason for such a dream is still unknown to scientists It's still a mystery. True, they make the assumption that it is just “inflammation of the brain that makes you tired.” There is still an explanation that lethargic sleep is caused by extreme weakness and extreme exhaustion of the nerve cells of the brain, which fall into a state of protective “protective” inhibition The body says “I’m tired! Don’t touch me!” and stops responding to any irritation.