Cattle diseases can cause considerable damage to a farm, so the health of the livestock should be constantly monitored. Among other ailments, it is worth highlighting pasteurellosis, characterized by massive death of animals.

What kind of disease is this

Pasteurellosis is a disease of infectious origin that affects many domestic animals. In acute form, it causes swelling in various parts of the body and organs, and in chronic form it can manifest itself in the form of arthritis, endometritis and other ailments, which is why the true cause of the poor condition of cattle remains unknown for a long time.
Pasteurellosis occurs in almost all countries of the globe, causing irreversible changes in the functioning of the body in infected animals. Of course, the lack of vaccination and untimely treatment of the disease threaten the mass death of livestock.

Did you know? The most expensive beef in the world is deservedly considered to be the meat of “marbled” Wagiu cows, which are raised only in Japan. For 1 kg of delicacy in stores in this country you can pay from 200 dollars.

Pathogen, sources and routes of infection

The development of this infectious disease is explained by the activity of Pasteurella multocida, which enters the cow’s body through cohabitation or even short-term contact with infected animals or their secretions.

For the most part, these microorganisms live on the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract and can easily move to another weakened organism. Together with the bloodstream, Pasteurella multocida can affect any part of the animal’s body, causing inflammatory processes, hemorrhage in the intestines, lungs, pleura and even joints.
The most susceptible to bacterial activity are young and unvaccinated individuals, and the only good news is that in the external environment the resistance of Pasteurella is relatively low: in manure they live no more than 2-3 weeks, and in the blood and intestinal contents - about 10 days. At the same time, situations cannot be ruled out when bacteria die after just a few hours in the sun.

Forms and symptoms

Based on the body’s defenses and the age of the animal, as well as taking into account the number of Pasteurella multocida bacteria that have entered their body, there are several main forms of pasteurellosis, each of which is characterized by its own unique symptoms and characteristics.

Acute

In the acute form of the disease, the disease manifests itself with the following symptoms:

• loss of appetite;
• rapid breathing and pulse;
• increased body temperature (more than 40° C);
• decrease in milk yield;
• general depressed state.

If no measures are taken, the acute course of pasteurellosis will take on a thoracic, intestinal or edematous form, due to which the general symptoms may be supplemented by signs of pleuropneumonia (purulent discharge from the sinuses, sounds of “rubbing” in the lungs, severe diarrhea and cough), problems with the intestines (for example, blue discoloration of the mucous membranes) and swelling, which may well cause suffocation.

Subacute

In the subacute form, all the signs characteristic of pasteurellosis do not appear so clearly, and the development of symptoms occurs much more slowly. On average, the first clearly noticeable signs appear only a few weeks after the animal is infected, and primarily these include the following:

• severe suffocating cough;
• refusal to eat;
• swelling of the head and different parts of the neck;
• mucous discharge from the sinuses (after just a few days it may well acquire a purulent consistency);
• strong thirst;
• increased body temperature and general depressed state of the animal;
• inflammation of the eyes.

Against the background of the subacute form of the disease, such a common disease as enteritis often develops.

Super acute

The most dangerous of all forms of the disease. Less than 12 hours pass from the end of the incubation process to the death of the animal, which is why the farmer simply does not have time to react adequately. In some cases, there is no clinical picture at all, which means it is simply impossible to diagnose the disease. If there are symptoms, they are mainly represented by:

• a sharp increase in temperature (above 42 °C);
• severe swelling (internal organs, chest and cervical areas);
• severe diarrhea with blood in the stool.

The death of the animal in this case usually occurs from pulmonary edema or problems with the cardiovascular system.

Chronic

Like the subacute form of pasteurellosis, its chronic version is characterized by mild symptoms and a long period of development (4–5 weeks). Most often, it is not possible to avoid death, but if you recognize the signs of the disease in time, then the animal still has a chance.

Important! If pneumonia develops against the background of pasteurellosis, the sick individual may die within a week.

The most typical signs of chronic pasteurellosis in cattle include:

• difficulty breathing;
• refusal to eat;
• significant weight loss in a short period of time;
• swelling of the joints of the legs;
• severe diarrhea (possibly bloody).

Diagnostics

The reason for a full examination of cattle, taking into account the possible development of pasteurellosis, may be an outbreak of infection in the region and the presence of corresponding symptoms in cows of a particular farm. If there are already dead animals on the farm, an autopsy of the corpses is mandatory, but only in a place specially organized for this purpose, in order to exclude the possibility of bacteria entering the external environment.
If we are talking about examining living individuals, then tests of their nasal mucus and blood will help confirm the diagnosis. In laboratory conditions, the taken smears are carefully examined under a microscope, bacterial culture is performed, and even special treatment is performed on mice and rabbits (as a last resort). All diagnostic measures taken make it possible to determine the degree of virulence of the pathogen and select the most adequate treatment.

Pathological changes

For microscopic and bacteriological analysis, tissue samples of parenchymal organs and animal blood are suitable, and as for pathological changes in internal organs, the degree of their severity depends on the form of the disease.
For example, with an acute or hyperacute variety, multiple bruises in the area of ​​the heart and liver will be clearly visible, while signs of inflammatory processes in the lungs, swelling of internal organs and necrosis in the kidneys or liver indicate a chronic course of pasteurellosis.

Also, the presence of pasteurellosis will be indicated by enlarged lymph nodes, swelling of the digestive tract and intestines, and multiple accumulations of blood in the subcutaneous tissue.

Important! Only organs of individuals that died no more than 3 years ago are suitable for research.-5 hours ago. In summer, before transporting samples, they must be placed in a 40% glycerin solution.

Treatment

As soon as a farmer notices a sick animal, he must immediately separate it from the main stock, at least until a full examination is completed. A warm, dry room with good ventilation is ideal for temporarily keeping a sick individual. If the animal does not suffer from appetite disorders, it is transferred to a special diet, adding vitamin-mineral complexes and food with increased nutritional value to its usual diet.

All further actions will be based only on symptomatic and specific drug therapy. So, to relieve inflammation and swelling in affected organs, the following can be used:

• diuretics;
• antipyretic compounds;
• medications intended to restore the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

This list can be supplemented with painkillers, which should improve the general condition of the animal. Along with alleviating symptoms, it is worth making every effort to eliminate the root cause of the bad condition - Pasteurella multocida bacteria.

In the fight against a progressive infection, a special serum against pasteurellosis is often used, although it only helps in the initial stages of the acute phase of the disease.

Levomycetin, Biomycin and Streptomycin are used as auxiliary drugs, which eliminate inflammation and kill developing bacteria. In addition, sulfonamide drugs have good results in this regard, and glucose can be prescribed to maintain the general condition of cows.

Important! The duration of treatment depends on the condition of the individual and the severity of the case, so it is simply impossible to say exactly how long it will last. You also cannot be sure of its effectiveness, especially if the symptoms were detected in the later stages of the disease.

Vaccine against pasteurellosis

The vaccine, which is called “Inactivated emulsified vaccine against pasteurellosis in cattle,” is used as a prophylactic agent and is more used in disadvantaged farms where there is a risk of spreading the disease. This homogeneous emulsion is administered to calving and pregnant cows once approximately 45–25 days before calving, and to calves on the 20–25th day of life or twice: at 8–12 days, with repeated revaccination on the 15–21st day of life (if we are talking about livestock obtained from unvaccinated parents).
The vaccine is administered intramuscularly, in the middle third of the neck. The specific dosage of the drug should be determined by a veterinarian.

Other preventative measures

Timely vaccination is the most important, but far from the only preventive measure that helps prevent the development of pasteurellosis in any farm. The following measures can be indicated as additional prevention:

1. Compliance with the requirements of sanitary and hygienic standards when keeping animals in barns.
2. Organization of the correct diet, with constant monitoring of the quality of the supplied feed.
3. Purchasing new livestock only from proven and safe farms where there have been no outbreaks of pasteurellosis.
4. A month-long quarantine of all newly acquired animals, with their keeping in separate premises and mandatory vaccination (if the vaccine was not used by the breeders).
5. Issuance of separate sets of clothing for each farm worker.
6. Disinfection of premises, feeders and all equipment used for care using caustic soda, creolin and slaked lime.

In the event of a massive sea of ​​animals, the farm owner is obliged to contact the sanitary and epidemiological service of his area or at least report the incident to a qualified veterinarian in order to jointly prevent the spread of the disease to neighboring farms.
Pasteurellosis is a truly dangerous disease, so when the first signs of its presence appear, you should not delay time and observe the sick animal for a long time. If you yourself cannot make a final diagnosis, be sure to consult a veterinarian.

Common pasteurellosis in cattle (hemorrhagic septicemia) is an infectious pathology that occurs in acute and chronic forms. In the first case, the disease is characterized by edema of the lungs and parts of the body, lobar inflammation, and pleurisy. And in the second - arthritis, endometritis, necrotizing pneumonia. The disease is caused by Pasteurella bacteria. The farm is in serious danger if pasteurellosis develops in even one cow. The result could be the death of a large number of animals.

Mechanism of spread of the disease

Sick cows are a threat to the rest of the herd, since the pathogen is in their saliva, urine, and feces.

Under no circumstances should you drink milk from sick animals, as they contain pasteurella. The pathogen lives in the body of cattle for about a year. The disease can spread massively if the rules for keeping animals are violated or their diet is very poor and monotonous. Pasteurellosis occurs in the warm season. It is often accompanied by other pathologies that complicate the course of the disease.

Pasteurellas die at temperatures around 80°C.

Diagnosis methods

To confirm pasteurellosis in calves, accompanying signs and laboratory test results are taken into account. If the animal died, pathological changes are taken into account.

To conduct a bacteriological study, it is necessary to send part of the lungs, kidneys, liver, and spleen to the veterinary laboratory no later than 5 hours after the death of the cow. It is important that the dead animal is not treated with antibiotics, otherwise the test result may be distorted. If the material is to be transported for a long time, it is placed in a glycerin solution (30%). When it is necessary to determine a disease in living cows, microscopy of smears from affected organs and blood is performed.

When diagnosing the disease, it is necessary to distinguish it from febrile pathologies, which are characterized by inflammatory edema. Among them: emphysematous carbuncle, anthrax, piroplasmosis.

Condition of the dead animal

Changes in the body of a dead animal depend on the form and course of the disease. If pasteurellosis was hyperacute or acute, then a large number of hemorrhages are observed in the heart, liver, spleen, and endocrine glands. The neck, dewlap and intermaxillary area are severely inflamed. The lymph nodes are also covered with hemorrhages. The lungs are affected by lobar pneumonia, the larynx and pharynx are swollen, and the spleen is enlarged in size. Catarrhal inflammation of the small intestine is sometimes observed.

When the disease is characterized by a chronic or subacute course, the cows are very emaciated. The membranes of the abdominal and thoracic cavities are covered with fibrinous secretions. There are dead foci in the kidneys and liver, and inflammatory processes are observed in the internal organs, mammary gland, and lymph nodes. Pleurisy and pneumonia are often observed.

Symptoms of pasteurellosis in cows depend on the form of the disease. The incubation period lasts from a couple of hours to two weeks. There are hyperacute, acute, subacute, chronic forms of the disease. The acute form is characterized by an increase in body temperature and severe depression of animals.

During the hyperacute form, the sick cattle suffers from constipation, and then feces are excreted mixed with blood. The nose often bleeds. An urgent emulsified vaccine against bovine pasteurellosis is required, otherwise the animal will die of heart failure.

In the subacute form, cows cough heavily and stop producing milk. Purulent discharge appears from the nose. The cattle is constantly thirsty, and its head and neck are very swollen. If treatment is not started, death will occur after about 14 days.

When pasteurellosis is chronic, the animals' joints become swollen and pneumonia appears. Cows also usually develop diarrhea. The disease often ends in death.

Disease in young animals

The calf can also contract the deadly pasteurellosis. This usually occurs in the first days after birth in the absence of timely vaccinations. The latent period of the disease lasts no more than two days, and symptoms appear very quickly. The young animals' body temperature instantly rises and their pulse quickens. Animals feel depressed, breathe quickly, and have bloody diarrhea. Sometimes pasteurellosis takes a chronic form, so calves suffer from bronchitis. But most often the young animals die within two days.

In dysfunctional farms, animals develop pneumonia. It is usually detected in older calves. Some individuals are born with natural immunity to pasteurella. Moreover, it is often transmitted through generations, and not from the mother.

How to carry out treatment

Treatment of animals begins with transfer to a dry, disinfected stall. It is important to give the cattle high-quality, complete feed that contains all the necessary microelements. Veterinarians commonly use the following antibiotics:

• chloramphenicol;
• streptomycin;
• tetracycline;
• biomycin;
• terramycin.

Antipasteurella serum is used. However, it should be injected only in the hyperacute stage. Otherwise it will lose its relevance. Treatment should only be carried out by a qualified specialist. You should not prescribe medications to cattle yourself, as this can lead to death. If the disease is in a super-acute form, death occurs after 12 hours, and only a veterinarian can save the livestock and prevent infection of healthy animals. Cows that have recovered from the disease are protected from pasteurellosis for about a year.

Preventing the spread of disease

Emulsified pasteurellosis vaccine is the best protection. The drug contains an emulsion and an emulsifier. Cattle receive immunity to the disease, which lasts from 6 months to a year.

To prevent the development of infection, incoming cattle must be kept in quarantine for at least a month. Individuals should not be allowed to come into contact with other animals, since even a small scratch can cause the development of the disease. Personnel must wear a change of clothes and observe all hygiene standards. If pasteurellosis has been detected on a farm, only vaccinated cattle are allowed on the farm for a year.

A farm can be considered clean 2 weeks after vaccination or death of the last infected cow. The best way to combat infection is regular disinfection of all premises and timely examination of livestock by a veterinarian.

Basic rules on an infected farm

When animals with pasteurellosis appear on a farm, you need to adhere to several important rules. So:

• Sick animals are prohibited from being taken out to pasture or given water from water bodies;
• feed and equipment cannot be removed from the farm;
• Manure should be disinfected before being transported to the field;
• It is prohibited to move livestock outside the farm, perform surgical procedures and vaccinate against other diseases.

Also, milk obtained from infected or suspected cows should not be used. It can only be used in food after 3 minutes of boiling. People are allowed to drink milk only from completely healthy cattle.

If a cow has been killed, its internal organs and meat are disposed of if there are pathological changes. Otherwise, it is necessary to conduct laboratory tests for the presence of salmonellosis. Only after this is a decision made about the use of meat.

Tell us about your experience in treating pasteurellosis in cows and bulls.

Cattle pasteurellosis is one of the few diseases that farmers have to deal with. This disease develops quite quickly and without taking appropriate measures, it can be fatal.

Typically, one week passes from the moment of infection to the death of the animal.

Description of the disease

The causative agent of this infection is Pasteurella multocida. The disease occurs in all countries of the world. In Russia, frequent outbreaks of infection are observed in the central regions. These bacteria are found on the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract of animals. As a result of decreased immunity, the disease begins to develop.

In addition, infection can occur from contact with wild animals. Even ordinary cats are considered carriers of pasteurellosis. The bacterium itself that causes this dangerous disease is weak and unstable. For example, it can die even from direct sunlight.

Epizootological data

Almost all types of domestic animals are susceptible to this disease. Cattle, birds and rabbits are most susceptible to the bacterium. High resistance is observed in horses.

The virus is mainly transmitted through direct contact. However, it is possible that the disease can be transmitted through water, food, soil and even humans.

Infected animals excrete bacteria in their feces, blood, and milk. Infection through mucous membranes is especially common. For example, through coughing or snorting. The most common outbreaks of this disease in cattle occur from July to November.

Symptoms of the disease

Cattle pasteurellosis can take several forms: acute, subacute, hyperacute and chronic. Each form of the disease has its own symptoms. The incubation period varies from several hours to three days.

Acute form

Marked by a depressed state and elevated temperature. In the initial stage there may be constipation, but then the stool becomes gelatinous, often mixed with blood. Possible nosebleeds. Without a vaccine, animals die within two days from heart failure.

Subacute form

Characterized by cough and fever. Cows stop producing milk. Pus begins to come out of the nose. The animal is constantly thirsty. Pronounced swelling appears in the neck and head area. Without appropriate treatment, death occurs in about two weeks.

It manifests itself as a sharp increase in temperature, often accompanied by bloody diarrhea. Pulmonary edema and heart failure are noted. Death occurs within a maximum of 12 hours.

Chronic form

It manifests itself mainly as prolonged diarrhea, which leads the animal to exhaustion. Without the appropriate vaccine, the disease can last about three months.

Diagnosis of pasteurellosis in cattle

The diagnosis is established on the basis of epidemiological data, clinical and laboratory studies.

To make a correct diagnosis, blood and mucus smears are taken from animals. The disease is considered established when Pasteurella multocida is isolated from the blood and lungs of the animal.

The method of differential diagnosis can exclude diseases such as:

• anthrax;
• malignant edema;
• emphysematous carbuncle.

Treatment of pasteurellosis in cattle

Infected animals are transferred to warm and dry premises and provided with complete and balanced nutrition. Antibiotics are mainly used for treatment, such as:

• terramycin;
• biomycin;
• tetracycline;
• streptomycin;
• chloramphenicol.

Important! It is important to administer anti-pasteurella serum only at the first symptoms of the hyperacute stage of the disease!

Remember that only a qualified veterinarian can make a diagnosis and prescribe a course of treatment. Therefore, you should not try to treat infected animals yourself. As mentioned above, the hyperacute form of the disease can lead to the death of the animal within 12 hours! Only the intervention of an experienced veterinarian can save cattle from death and prevent infection of healthy animals.

Prevention measures

The best way to prevent pasteurellosis is timely vaccination. The vaccine helps to acquire immunity to the disease for a period of six months to a year.

Try to avoid contact with other domestic and wild animals. Just one minor scratch can trigger an outbreak of the disease.

All service personnel who are in direct contact with animals are required to have a change of clothes and shoes. In addition, strictly comply with all sanitary and hygienic standards.

Important! After the discovery of pasteurellosis, for a year the farm is stocked with only vaccinated cattle! This will prevent relapse of the disease!

A farm is considered clean after two weeks from the moment of universal vaccination or the death of the last infected animal.

Despite the deaths, pasteurellosis is not a dangerous disease. The best way to combat this bacterium is timely disinfection of premises and care when grazing cattle. In addition, do not neglect regular veterinary examinations of all livestock.

Serum 9-valent (against pasteurellosis, salmonellosis, escherichiosis, parainfluenza-3 and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis). Group of drugs: Vaccines, serums

Manufacturer: ARMAVIR BIOFACTORY

Composition and release form.

Serum against pasteurellosis, salmonellosis, escherichiosis, parainfluenza-3 and infectious rhinotracheitis of cattle is a biological product obtained from the blood of oxen hyperimmunized with inactivated strains of the pathogens of salmonellosis, escherichiosis and pasteurellosis, avirulent strains of parainfluenza-3 and infectious rhinotracheitis viruses. In appearance, it is a light yellow liquid with a reddish tint; during storage, a slight sediment forms, which easily breaks when shaking the bottle. The serum is packaged in 100 ml bottles in dark glass bottles, hermetically sealed with polymer caps and rolled with aluminum caps. Pharmacological properties Hyperimmune serum promotes the formation of passive immunity to the pathogens of salmonellosis, pasteurellosis, E. coli, infectious rhinotracheitis and parainfluenza-3 in cattle, the intensity of which is 10 days. To form intense active immunity in animals against infections, vaccines are used. The mechanism of action of the serum is based on the binding and neutralization of pathogenic antigens by specific antibodies of the biological product. Hyperimmune serum is effective for the treatment of the above diseases, especially in the early stages of the infectious process and combines well with drugs used for symptomatic treatment (antimicrobials and probiotics). Indications Prescribed to cattle for the purpose of specific prevention and treatment of salmonellosis, pasteurellosis, escherichiosis, parainfluenza-3 and infectious rhinotracheitis. Doses and method of administration.
Before administering the serum, syringes and needles must be sterilized. A separate sterile needle is used for each animal. Before use, the bottle must be shaken vigorously and the injection site treated with 70% ethyl alcohol. Before administration, the bottle should be heated in a water bath to a temperature of 36 - 38 ºС. For prophylactic purposes, the serum is administered to animals subcutaneously twice with an interval of 7 - 10 days: calves 20 - 30 ml, adults 30 - 60 ml. For therapeutic purposes, the serum is administered intramuscularly or intravenously in the initial stage of an infectious disease: calves 40 - 60 ml, adults 60 - 120 ml. The absence of a therapeutic effect after the injection indicates a different etiology of the disease and additional laboratory tests should be performed to clarify the diagnosis. Side effects In very rare cases, with increased individual sensitivity in animals, allergic reactions are possible. Contraindications There are no contraindications identified when using the serum. Special instructions Meat and offal obtained from animals that have been treated with hyperimmune serum are sold without restrictions. If the serum gets on the skin or mucous membranes, it is recommended to rinse them with plenty of tap water. At the end of the treatment, hands should be washed thoroughly with warm water and soap. Used vials and syringes must be disposed of. Storage conditions In a dry place, protected from direct sunlight and out of reach of children and animals. Separated from food and feed at temperatures from 2 to 10 ºС. Shelf life - 2 years. Open bottles with serum, as well as in the presence of mechanical damage, mold and sediment that does not break when shaken, must be disinfected by boiling for 15 minutes and then disposed of.

Igor Nikolaev

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Pasteurellosis in cattle is often diagnosed in the agricultural sectors of all countries. An infectious contagious disease affects many organs of the animal. It causes enormous damage to large farms and farmers. It consists not only in forced treatment, but also in the death of cows. In this article we will look at what signs can be used to distinguish the disease and whether there is a chance of recovery.

Description of cattle disease

The infection enters the body very quickly. In rare cases, death occurs within 24 hours. Pasteurellosis affects most domestic and wild animals. The causative agent is considered to be short oval rods that cannot move. They take over the lungs. However, symptoms do not appear immediately, so treatment is delayed.

Diseases affect all ages, but the strongest blow is dealt to calves. Young individuals are more susceptible to the rod.

They can be infected by both sick animals and healthy ones that carry bacteria that constantly live on the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract.

Once the immune system is weakened as a result of poor cattle management, non-compliance with the rules of disinfection, walking, poor-quality feeding, pasteurellosis begins to develop. Its favorite places are mucous membranes and injuries.

The bacteria themselves easily die even under the rays of the sun. But they are easily transmitted in the following simple ways:

• cough and sneezing;
• feces and urine;
• blood and milk.

All these sources are carriers of infection. If they or their traces are found indoors, get into the air, onto clothes or tools, food or equipment, then it becomes very easy to catch the disease. They can be carried by rodents, insects and animals. Most often, the disease is detected in the second half of summer and autumn.

Symptoms of pasteurellosis

It only takes a few hours for the bacteria to spread throughout the body. In rare cases, the infection period increases to three days. It can manifest itself in four forms, hence the corresponding signs of the disease in cattle.

Symptoms of pasteurellosis:

1. hyperacute is marked by a sharp increase in temperature by one or two degrees. The cardiovascular system does not work clearly and malfunctions. There may be bloody diarrhea. It is with this form that cows die in less than a day. Their hearts can't stand it and their lungs fail. Symptoms may not even have time to appear;
2. acute is expressed in diseases of the intestines or respiratory system. The animal's condition is weak and depressed, eating disorder occurs. Some parts of the body swell, body temperature rises, and toxicosis is noticeable. The nasal mucosa remains dry and icy. The cow stops giving milk and the cud disappears. First there is constipation, then bloody diarrhea. Blood also flows from the nose, as does urine. Death occurs in one or two days;
3. subacute is observed when the pathogen remains in the lungs, causing various inflammatory processes. This form is characterized by trembling and signs of fever;
4. chronic is considered the longest form. It is also divided into edematous, thoracic and intestinal types.

During the last course of pasteurellosis in cows, the same symptoms are noticed, but they are not so pronounced. The disease selects the affected area and attacks with bacteria:

• The spectacled appearance manifests itself in swelling of the area of ​​the lower jaw, neck, abdomen and legs. If even the tongue and larynx swell, it becomes difficult for the animal to breathe and a lot of viscous saliva accumulates. The calves are clearly excited, the mucous membranes are saturated with blood. It can appear from the first days of life of the cubs. Death is confirmed in the first two days;
• in the chest form of the disease, signs of pneumonia are diagnosed. The individual loses the ability to eat and loses appetite, and the rumen stops contracting. The cow breathes heavily and hoarsely, and begins to cough heavily. Foam may come from the nose. Death occurs in a week or a little less;
• intestinal type is expressed in anemia syndrome. The lungs suffer slightly, and there is even a desire to eat food. But the condition is weak, the intestinal tract is affected.

All variants of the development of pasteurellosis are characterized by the presence of diarrhea. Therefore, in the body of a sick animal, dehydration, extreme exhaustion and cessation of the functionality of one or another organ quickly occur.

Establishing diagnosis

To make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe the correct treatment for pasteurellosis in cows, the symptoms are carefully studied and an examination is carried out. Obvious symptoms of the disease indicate pathology in the animal’s body.

To carry out the analysis, a part of the spleen, liver, kidneys and lungs with lymph nodes is taken. All elements must be examined a maximum of five hours after death. This is done if you have not had time to start treatment and take medications.

If the animal does not die in a short period of time, blood is taken from the superficial vessels and mucus from the nasal passages. The final conclusion is made after a comprehensive examination.

A specialist needs to distinguish pasteurellosis from anthrax, which also affects cattle. It can be confused with salmonellosis, bronchial diseases and other infections that develop in the calf.

Treatment of pasteurellosis

First of all, treatment of pasteurellosis in cows should begin with quarantine. The sick individual is placed separately from its relatives. The barn should be warm, not damp, with a ventilation system.

If the disease is chronic, the animal may retain its appetite. In this case, the food should not be heavy. Food should be chosen that is nutritious, light, and liquid. Drug therapy is also used:

1. hyperimmune serum;
2. tetracycline antibiotics, long-acting;
3. sulfonamides (antimicrobial drugs) are given along with food;
4. glucose, sodium chloride solution are necessary to maintain the body.

Ways to fight

After an effective therapeutic complex technique, the animal receives immunity from pasteurellosis for about a year. Sometimes the period is reduced to six months depending on the conditions of detention and compliance with quarantine measures.

Vaccines and serums are sold against the disease and are widely used in agriculture.

They are aimed specifically at each type of animal that can become infected with pasteurellosis. If one individual is infected, the rest are injected with a special serum and observed, and their temperature is measured.