Before starting prosthetics on implants, it is necessary to conduct a thorough assessment of the condition of both the maxillofacial region and the whole organism. Some of the diseases listed below can negatively affect the prognosis of implantation. To be sure that there are no contraindications, additional studies are necessarily carried out before the implant installation operation.

The list of mandatory examinations that must be carried out before the installation of dental implants

• Computed tomography (method of three-dimensional radiographic analysis);
• General blood analysis;
• Biochemical blood tests (glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, AlAT, AsAT);
• Study of the hemostasis system (APTT, prothrombin, fibrinogen, etc.);
• Tests for hormones, tumor markers;
• Analysis for HIV, Syphilis, HBsAg (Hepatitis B) anti-HCV (Hepatitis C).

Implantation, like any other treatment method, has its indications and contraindications. Over the past few years, due to the special surface treatment of implants, the number of absolute contraindications has been significantly reduced.

Absolute contraindications for implantation

• Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs. Violation of blood clotting;
• Malignant neoplasms;
• Immunodeficiency states;
• Systemic connective tissue diseases;
• Poor oral hygiene;
• Decompensated form of diabetes mellitus;
• Acute diseases of the oral mucosa;
• mental illness;
• Bruxism (hypertonicity of the masticatory muscles);
• Unfinished growth of the bones of the facial skeleton.

Relative contraindications for implantation

• Significant bone atrophy;
• Smoking, alcohol abuse.

These factors complicate the implantation of teeth, but do not preclude the use of this method of treatment. For example, lack of bone

is replenished at the preparatory stage with the help of bone tissue grafting. Age is also not a contraindication to implantation, and the issue of implantation is decided individually, depending on the combination of all the above factors.

Drawing up a treatment plan

If, based on the results of the examination, a decision is made on implantation, then the next stage of treatment will be the preparation of a detailed plan of preparatory manipulations, as well as all stages of permanent prosthetics. For this, a whole range of various means can be used:

• According to computed tomography, the optimal places for the installation of dental implants are selected. In case of insufficient bone volume, additional procedures are performed to increase it.
• Diagnostic plaster models of the upper and lower jaws are made. On them, with the help of wax, the final result of the treatment is modeled, which is discussed with the patient and corrected based on his wishes.
• Various computer programs for three-dimensional modeling and visualization of the stages of the upcoming treatment. They are also an excellent means of communication between doctor, patient and dental technician.

On the next page you will learn how

What tests are done before dental implantation? We will tell you more about the features of preparing for this procedure. And although such restoration of the dentition is considered very popular and reliable, nevertheless, one should not ignore the danger and complexity of the method.

Each patient will be prescribed certain tests, doctor's consultations and additional diagnostic measures to exclude possible side effects, allergic reactions, risks of rejection of the artificial material, as well as determine the necessary shapes and sizes of implants and prostheses to be installed.

Preview

Long before proceeding with the implantation, it is necessary for each of the parties to thoroughly prepare. So, it is important for the patient to bring his health to the proper state in order to easily endure the intervention and ensure the rapid healing of tissues. You also need to psychologically tune in to a complex, lengthy, and sometimes painful process.

But the doctor needs to collect all the medical indicators about the patient in order to make the right choice and carry out the procedure as efficiently as possible.

Preparation for dental implantation begins with the first examination and preliminary appointments. At this time, the doctor collects an anamnesis, that is, a medical history of the patient, examines the oral cavity and explains the entire procedure plan and possible difficulties.

The following procedure usually occurs:

1. With the help of a therapist, the dentist collects general information about past diseases, the patient's genetic predispositions, allergic reactions, etc. At the same time, the therapist gives his opinion on the possibility of implantation and recommendations regarding additional diagnostic procedures.
2. A full examination of the body is supposed, in which the patient takes tests according to the agreed list. If any deviations are found in the operation of internal systems that may become a contraindication to implantation, they try to eliminate them by taking the necessary therapeutic measures. The restoration of the dentition begins only after the complete normalization of health.
3. The next step is the preparation before the operation of the oral cavity itself. In addition to an external examination, X-rays and computed tomography are performed, with the help of which the condition of the bone tissue, the location of the nerve canals, the maxillary sinuses, etc. are assessed. These parameters greatly affect the possibility of implantation in general, as well as the specific choice of the method of operation and the model of structures used. In some cases, you have to stop at other methods of prosthetics or resort to.
4. In case of detection of carious cavities and other problems with the teeth, the dentist is obliged to carry out a full treatment, and in some cases, the removal of pathological roots. The condition of the mucosa is also restored.
5. To ensure the safety and sterility of the procedure, an important point before implantation is the oral cavity. At the same time, the doctor advises the patient on further hygiene measures, so that with the help of correct daily actions, he will increase the chances of better tissue healing and long-term use of the installed structures.
6. In some special cases, you may need some more diagnostic measures that are already assigned individually.
7. In the absence of contraindications and the elimination of all troubles, you can begin to model and predict the future artificial tooth, select suitable implants and other elements.
8. At the last stage of preparation, it is important to pay attention to the psychological aspect - the patient's mood for the operation and awareness of the importance of the recovery period. By competently conducting a consultation and relaxation preparation, the doctor can be sure that the patient will adhere to the chosen plan and not disrupt the treatment process.

During the examination of the oral cavity and the elimination of identified problems, it is very important to pay special attention to the following nuances:

What do we do 10 days before the procedure?

Start preparing for implantation should be another ten days before the appointed time. In this case, it is advisable for the patient to adhere to the following recommendations:

• give up bad habits, especially smoking and drinking alcohol;
• add more foods that contain calcium and various vitamins to the diet;
• it is advisable to eat a lot of dairy products, vegetables, fruits, eggs, meat and hard cheese;
• avoid physical overwork;
• stop taking blood thinners if possible.

Last day before surgery

In the remaining 24 hours before the appointed time, be sure to:

• qualitatively, mucous and tongue from any deposits and plaque;
• do not drink any alcohol;
• do not engage in physical activity, sports or hard work;
• do not experiment with food;
• completely eliminate or limit the use of drugs as much as possible;
• rinse your mouth with an antiseptic three times a day.

If before implantation you moved from another climatic zone, then you should definitely give 1-2 days for the body to adapt. Perhaps the doctor will prescribe antibacterial drugs that you need to start using even before the operation.

On the day of the procedure, refrain from eating, just drink tea. But if the implantation will be carried out in the afternoon, then a light breakfast is allowed.

Contraindications to the procedure

Even at the stage of examination, the possibility of such an operation is established. To do this, tests must be done before implantation to determine if there are any serious contraindications. Otherwise, this procedure threatens with unpleasant consequences, risks of infection, rejection of the implant, allergies or serious health conditions.

Denial of implantation may be in such cases:

• autoimmune disorders like lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.;
• diseases that interfere with normal tissue regeneration - hormonal pathologies, AIDS, low immunity;
• problems in the work of the circulatory or endocrine system;
• some psychological disorders, as well as drug addiction and alcoholism;
• pathology of the bone structure, especially the jaw;
• cancer formation;
• kidney or liver disease;
• allergic to the material used for implants or to drugs for pain relief.

Some of these problems can be eliminated and then proceed to the restoration of the dentition. If this is not available, then you will have to look for another method of prosthetics. There are still some questions when individual specialists refuse to carry out the implantation procedure:

List of required and additional tests

Doctors do not always adhere to the fully recommended list of diagnostic procedures, believing that fewer of them can be dispensed with. Nevertheless, there is a mandatory list of tests before dental implantation, which are highly undesirable to ignore:

• general blood analysis;
• alanine aminotransferase, abbreviated ALT;
• aspartate aminotransferase (or AST);
• bilirubin (direct and total);
• protein level;
• for hepatitis B and C;
• HIV infection and syphilis-RPR;
• albumen;
• glucose;
• amylase;
• alkaline phosphatase;
• the level of trace elements - sodium, potassium, calcium and chlorine;
• creatinine;
• prothrombin;
• cholesterol;
• fibrinogen.

If implantation should be carried out by a woman, then more tests are added for:

• free T3 and T4;
• estradiol;
• parathormone.

Not always, but if there are prerequisites in the anamnesis, then allergy tests, determination of blood sugar levels and consultations of doctors such as an allergist and a cardiologist may additionally be prescribed.

Most of these analyzes are given according to certain rules. This is morning time, on an empty stomach, and dinner the day before should be light. Alcohol intake is also excluded.

Video: what tests do you need to pass to install an implant?

Consultations of other specialists

Not only the dentist decides on the adequacy of dental implantation. In this case, the conclusions of other specialists may be required, which are appointed depending on the individual characteristics of the patient:

• therapist (gives a general conclusion in all cases);
• allergist;
• cardiologist;
• immunologist;
• infectious disease specialist, etc.

Each time about additional consultations, the issue is decided by the therapist, who is more oriented in the patient's state of health. It is very important to discuss the whole process of implantation before starting preparations, explain the importance of diagnostic measures, and set up a long period of healing and rehabilitation.

Every year, the operation of installing dental implants is becoming more and more popular and in demand. The explanation for this is quite simple.

The quality of materials is improving, new technologies are coming, dentistry is developing, and good doctors are becoming available in many cities, the cost of the procedure is decreasing.

But not everyone understands that implantation is not just a “go to the dentist”, it is a full-fledged surgical operation, and it should also be carried out with full preparation.

After all, the success of the operation and the service life of the implants largely depend on the condition of the patient before, during and after the operation.

Initial consultation

At the initial consultation, the implant surgeon will conduct an examination, tell you about the condition of the oral cavity, prescribe the necessary tests and, possibly, refer you to other specialists who will prepare a place of work for him.

The following can influence the doctor's appointments and the list of tests:

• age;
• the state of the body as a whole and separately of the oral cavity;
• the presence of bad habits;
• chronic diseases.

There are many factors, since each patient is strictly individual. And the combination of the characteristics of the body and possible reactions, recruited by the time of prosthetics, does not lend itself to any standardization.

Today, clinics may require various procedures, from going through all the doctors, including an allergist, internist, cardiologist and others, to a complete lack of examination. The patient himself should remember that in general it is impossible to do without tests:

1. So the presence of diabetes will definitely require blood glucose test.
2. Cardiovascular disease, installed pacemakers, shunts and other implants - consultation with a cardiologist.
3. Allergic reactions in the past, especially to medications or anesthesia components - Allergy testing and allergist's report.

Implantation surgery is a fairly simple and well-established procedure. However, the safety of the patient and his well-being are above all, this should be taken care of not only by the doctor, but also by the patient himself.

All fears and doubts can be dispelled at the consultation stage. Do not be shy to ask questions - the doctor will tell you everything in detail and clearly.

At the stage of the initial consultation, the doctor immediately conducts the so-called "screening of patients" - some patients are not recommended to have implantation, as it may simply be useless.

• suffering from alcoholism;
• heavy smokers;
• lovers of coffee in unlimited quantities;
• engaged in heavy physical labor;
• not performing oral hygiene.

With such an approach to one's own body, the implant will not last long, and the operation can have serious health consequences in the absence of hygiene.

Again, this would be a waste of money. Removable dentures are recommended for such citizens.

Importance of sanitation

Sanitation of the oral cavity is the first condition for excellent health and the absence of inflammatory processes after implantation. Sanitation includes the treatment of caries, any inflammation of the gums, tongue, and the entire oral cavity.

Properly carried out cleaning of the teeth will reveal all the problems of the dentition, which can affect the healing process after implant placement, the patient's well-being and speed of recovery, the quantity, timing and quality of medications taken after surgery, painkillers and other necessary procedures.

Everyone has been talking about the fact that teeth should be brushed since childhood, but here’s what early detection and treatment of any oral problems For some reason people tend to forget.

More precisely, not about treatment, but about timely visits to the doctor, professional cleaning every six months and prevention of problems.

Sanitation is necessary not only during implantation, but also before any non-emergency surgery and even before childbirth.

Sanitation is a kind of guarantee that such an important process as eating will not negatively affect a weakened body and will not deliver pathogenic bacteria from the oral cavity to the operation area through the bloodstream.

Following actions

The second or third (if it is necessary to treat caries and carry out sanation procedures) stage of preparation for implantation will be the passage of an x-ray examination. Here, the patient will be asked to undergo a CT scan or an orthopantogram.

In the pictures in different projections, the surgeon will examine the condition of the maxillary sinuses (for inflammation, protracted processes, structural features), the bone tissue at the site of the planned implantation (if it is insufficient for implant installation, the bone will have to be increased, which will slightly delay the installation), the places where the nerve canals and large vessels.

10 days before surgery

Before the operation, and any, not only before the installation of dental implants forbidden to vaccinate. This threatens with an unnecessary additional immune burden on the body.

Also during this period you need to get enough sleep, reconsider the diet in favor of increasing the vitamin component and the amount of protein, avoid physical overload and too long cardio, do not take blood-thinning drugs (for example, aspirin).

Shelf life of most of the tests required before implantation 7- 14 days. Over time, the patient's well-being can change dramatically.

If the expiration date of the analysis has expired, then the doctor may require you to retake it, so you should not delay this process. Yet again, the entire list of assigned studies can be taken in completely different clinics and centers, this often affects the price of the service. Re-delivery will not always have a beneficial effect on the contents of the wallet.

Per day

A day before implantation, several procedures are added to the preparation:

• rinse with chlorhexidine;
• brushing your teeth after every meal.

Right before the operation

On the appointed day, if the operation is performed in the morning, then you should not have breakfast, it is better to limit yourself to sweet tea or very weak sweet coffee.

It is imperative to carry out hygiene procedures, including rinsing the mouth with chlorhexidine, and to exclude smoking.

If the implantation is scheduled for the afternoon, no one will forbid a light breakfast.

Factors of delays and bans

There are a number of contraindications for implantation. Some factors can be eliminated on the spot, something can be treated and an operation performed later, and something completely closes the possibility of installing implants.

Any nuance of the patient's condition can lead to a forced termination of the operation, adverse health consequences, and unnecessary costs for expensive materials. Therefore, it is better to identify all problems before the start of the operation.

Delays:

• increased blood sugar;
• poor blood clotting;
• the need for bone grafting (with insufficient bone tissue for implant placement);
• some disorders of the endocrine system;
• exacerbation of chronic diseases;
• viral and bacterial infections;
• pregnancy and lactation;
• lack of rehabilitation of the oral cavity;
• gingivitis, periodontitis and similar diseases;
• taking certain types of drugs or forms of treatment;

Absolute contraindications:

• hemophilia;
• social norms described in the paragraph on the initial consultation;
• inability to use anesthesia;
• diseases of the central nervous system and psychiatric disorders (in the case of long-term stable remission, implantation can be performed);
• disorders of the immune system;
• chronic diseases and pathologies of the cardiovascular system;
• type 1 diabetes mellitus;
• tuberculosis (especially open form). The doctor has the right to refuse to operate on such a patient.
• malignant tumors;
• chronic diseases of the oral mucosa.

List of important and minor studies

A decade before the day of the operation, the clinic will require the delivery of many types of tests. Full list:

• complete blood count, ESR, leukocytes;
• blood for sugar;
• blood for coagulability, prothrombin, fibrinogen;
• blood for glucose, amylase;
• bilirubin total, direct;
• syphilis, hepatitis, HIV;
• cholesterol;
• ALT, AST;
• on the content of potassium, sodium, chlorine and calcium;
• total blood protein;
• alkaline phosphatase;
• creatinine;
• urea;
• general urinalysis (sediment microscopy).

Mandatory from this list for any medical intervention are: blood clotting, complete blood count, blood type and Rh factor, HIV, hepatitis, syphilis.

On the appointment of all the rest, you can ask the doctor, he will definitely tell you what and why they will look. In addition to blood and urine tests, an ECG may be required, but this, again, is a special case.

Any tests, except for the mandatory ones, can be discussed with the doctor, but you should not doubt the appointment. Each of them will help to more fully present the picture of the operation and minimize the period of wound healing, implant engraftment, and reduce the waiting time for a perfect smile.

Fundamentals of preparation

For the accuracy and reliability of the results, you need to follow some rules:

1. Blood and urine tests should be taken in the morning . This is due to the fact that the indicators change greatly during the day and can give incorrect information about the patient's condition.
2. Do not smoke two hours before donating blood.
3. The day before donating blood and urine, you can not take alcohol and expose the body to great physical exertion.
4. The night before and in the morning before donating blood, do not take medication (except for those necessary to maintain life).

Some blood tests need to be taken on an empty stomach. This means you can not eat within 12 hours before the test:

• blood biochemistry;
• hormones;
• fibrinogen, prothrombin;
• general blood analysis;
• tumor markers;
• determination of blood group and Rh factor.

The advantage in this case is the ability to drink any amount of water - it will not affect the results in any way (the body considers only clean water - tea, juices, coffee and other liquids as food).

If the patient has chronic diseases, then the installation of implants is carried out during a period of stable remission - This is one of the immutable rules of medical intervention.

All test results must be submitted on company letterhead. the center that conducted them is a kind of guarantee of their authenticity.

You should not tune in in advance to a huge list of tests, running around hospitals and following a strict lifestyle and diet.

• lack of fear and unnecessary worries;
• good mood.

The video provides additional information on the topic of the article.

Let's imagine the situation: you are considering possible options for restoring lost teeth and are inclined towards the choice of dental implants. What to do next? The initial action that needs to be taken is to go for a consultation at the chosen clinic. Today, most dental centers offer free consultations with specialists, in which you can evaluate whether you can work with a doctor who will have to be entrusted with the important process of restoring your teeth. In addition, at a preliminary consultation, the implantologist will advise the right method for solving your problems - whether dental implantation is really indicated for you, or another method of tooth restoration can be used.

The very first and indispensable stage of dental implantation is preparation or diagnosis, which includes the study of the state of the body and the oral cavity for further determination with the stages of treatment and the choice of implant design.

Diagnosis of the body before implantation of teeth

Dental implantation has a number of specific contraindications, which must be identified at the stage of preparation for treatment. This will prevent such unpleasant consequences as rejection of the implant, inflammation of the tissues around it.

Examination of the body

Examination of the whole body should be carried out by a general practitioner, including after passing urine and blood tests. Based on these data, including after communicating with patients, the doctor makes a decision: is it possible to carry out dental implantation. If exacerbations of chronic diseases are observed, or there are viral inflammations, a weakening of the immune system, you should not rush with implantation of teeth. This is a rather serious procedure, long-term and expensive - it is better to play it safe, restore the body, thereby saving your money and time.

Tests before dental implants

A complete list of tests that the doctor may request before surgery:

• Clinical blood test
• Glucose level (in blood)
• fibrinogen
• Prothrombin,

• Antithrombin III
• thrombin time
• Antibodies to HIV 1 and 2
• HIV antigen 1 and 2
• Syphilis RPR HBsAg,
• qualitative test Anti-HCV-total.

Oral examination

Before implantation of teeth, it is also necessary to check the condition of the oral cavity not only for any diseases, but also in order to study the structure and volume of bone tissue. Based on the data obtained, the doctor will be able to determine the place of implantation of the implant, as well as its size and shape. So, for the study of bone tissue are carried out:

After studying the state of the whole organism, the implantologist sums up: is it possible to implant teeth in principle, and whether it is possible to immediately begin treatment, or is it worth waiting for the normalization of the state of the body and eliminating a number of detected diseases.

The patient should not neglect these examinations, because it is the preparation for implantation of teeth, the identification of possible contraindications that will serve as a guarantee of high-quality implantation, quick engraftment of implants and their long service life.

The perfect smile is everyone's dream. Dental clinics offer a wide range of medical services. To date, a fallen tooth will not be able to spoil your smile. Dental implants are a fairly common procedure. The essence of the procedure is to implant a dental pin into the gum. Its main role is to replace the root of the tooth. A crown or tooth structure is placed on the pin.

Modern materials used in this procedure are available in many clinics. And the service itself is provided in every private or public clinic. Implantation is one of the most popular dental procedures. With it, you can get a Hollywood smile.

What tests need to be done

All further actions of the patient begin with an initial examination by an experienced doctor. The dental surgeon evaluates the condition of the oral cavity, visually inspects the condition of the gums, and directs for testing. Dental implantation is a surgical procedure. Like any operation, it requires careful preparation of the body. The dentist prescribes a number of measures.

Using a special orthopantomogram procedure (panoramic image of the upper and lower jaws), the specialist determines the condition of the bone tissue. In parallel, he appoints to pass the necessary number of mandatory tests. The list of tests depends on the age and gender of the person, the presence of bad habits and chronic diseases, the condition of the oral cavity.

Each patient should be treated individually. In some cases, they may be sent for a cardiogram of the heart, and female representatives may be assigned to take a blood test for hormones. The doctor may advise you to take allergy tests to rule out an allergic reaction during implantation.

It is advisable to take tests in the morning on an empty stomach. Only in the morning you can get reliable test results, because during the night during sleep, the body rested. Smokers 2 hours before donating blood should refrain from bad habits. Eliminate the use of alcohol and excessive exercise on the body 24 hours before the procedure. Do not take any medication the night before, except for life support medications.

12 hours before the test, tea, coffee, juices, soda should be excluded. But ordinary water can be drunk, it does not affect the performance.

Before taking tests, it is important to give up alcohol and cigarettes.

Preparation for dental implantation

For 10 days, in no case should you do any vaccinations, creating an unnecessary burden on the immune system. It is necessary to reduce physical activity and temporarily reduce the duration of cardio training. Include as many vitamins as possible in the diet and increase the amount of protein. Blood thinners should not be taken.

Analyzes are considered valid for 1-2 weeks, if during this time the state of health has changed for the worse, then they will need to be retaken. Anti-inflammatory procedure is not prescribed for everyone. To prepare, one day before surgery, you should brush your teeth after every meal and rinse your mouth with chlorhexidine. On the day of implantation, it is better to refuse a hearty breakfast and not to smoke.

Additional examination

What other tests and examinations do you need to pass? In the presence of chronic diseases, an allergic reaction, the leading dental surgeon can refer you for a consultation with a specialist. With a high level of sugar in the blood, the conclusion of an endocrinologist will be required. In the presence of an allergy, observation by an allergist and his opinion may be required. ECG and consultation with a cardiologist are necessary in the presence of heart problems.

An orthodontist is a specialist who examines the condition of the gums and bite in the absence of teeth for a long time, the condition or change of the roots. The procedure is called an orthopantomogram. It is possible that the rehabilitation of the oral cavity will be required.

In some cases, they may prescribe an examination using computed tomography to determine the presence or absence of jaw deformity, bone thickness, in order to correctly select and then implant the implant.

However, according to the results of the tests and the resulting force majeure, the operation may be postponed. For example, if blood sugar is elevated or chronic diseases worsen, poor blood clotting, oral hygiene is not carried out on time, diseases of viral or bacterial origin. The reason to postpone the operation is also the period of pregnancy and lactation, since an additional burden on the immune system is undesirable and the healing process may be delayed.

Orthopantomogram - a mandatory procedure in preparation for dental implantation

In addition, many drugs are contraindicated for women in a great position. To exclude all of the above nuances, it is better to collect a complete history at the initial (preparatory) stage. In some dental offices, the procedure is carried out without tests and examinations. This method is not recommended. These measures are aimed at minimizing risks.

How the implant takes root, the duration of healing after surgery will depend on the state of health of the body and the oral cavity.

Taking tests and collecting anamnesis for dental implantation will not take much time. It is important to follow all the recommendations of the doctor, and then the tooth will last a long time. Implantation is a full-fledged surgical intervention, and it should be treated responsibly. The high quality of materials contributes to the fact that implants almost always take root, it all depends on the individual characteristics of the organism. The success of dental implantation depends on the professional approach of the doctor, qualifications and experience, as well as on the level of responsibility of the patient.