There is a lot of debate about why a person needs fangs... No one can say for sure whether it is a relic of the past, an indication of belonging to a predatory species, an unnecessary atavism. The aesthetic view of fangs among their owners also varies. Some people dream of getting rid of a dubious protrusion in an even row of teeth, while others consider this feature very attractive. One way or another, the apparent “uselessness” of fangs is a very big misconception.

What are fangs?

If you count from the center of the jaw, that is, from the separation between the front incisors, the canines are the third teeth. Both the upper and lower jaws have two fangs, with the upper ones being larger than the lower ones. In addition to the fact that these are the tallest and most pointed teeth in all rows, it is the canines that have the deepest and longest roots. The two sides of the fangs meet each other at an angle, forming a cutting tip. On the inside, the fangs are characterized by protrusions at the roots, closer to the gums.

What is noteworthy is that fangs are indeed the only teeth in humans that have retained their original “animal” shape. Other teeth were transformed in one way or another to suit our familiar way of chewing food. In those further away, the crown has become flat, the front teeth are designed to be ground down and crushed. On the border between them there are fangs that have retained the ancient purpose of tearing food and have not lost their original, cone-shaped shape.

How can fangs interfere?

Many people, for various reasons, dream of getting rid of fangs. The reason for this can be both aesthetic and more serious interference caused by teeth. Incorrect development of canines can lead to, their too large size oppresses neighboring teeth, preventing them from developing correctly and often contributing to their crooked growth. It is not uncommon for fangs to appear on a person’s gums: in this case, they hang over the rest of the jaw, disrupting the external attractiveness of the dentition, and thereby annoying their owner.

Why shouldn't you have your fangs removed?

Getting rid of unwanted and bothersome fangs often seems like the easiest way out of an unpleasant situation. Meanwhile, dentists consider this method to be radical and recommend refraining from getting rid of fangs. If, say, you can get rid of them without any consequences, the same cannot be said about fangs. No matter how strange it may sound, canines are extremely important teeth and play a significant role in the proper development and functioning of the jaw. Many doctors even equate the absence of fangs with disability. What is the reason for this attitude?

• Due to their unique structure and deep-set root, it is the fangs that are the least susceptible. In turn, this reduces the likelihood of infection spreading to adjacent teeth.
• Human canines perform an important “cutting” function when chewing food; it is possible that their absence will complicate this process. In addition, the absence of fangs can negatively affect diction.
• Once you lose your fangs, you will automatically transfer all the tasks they perform to other teeth. Those who are not at all adapted to this and risk not being able to withstand the load. Such a measure is fraught with grinding and weakening of neighboring teeth. The result will be a complete violation of the beauty and symmetry of the dentition, not to mention your health.
• Being the most stable teeth, canines are reliable assistants and regulators during occlusion (contact of the upper and lower jaws). That is, when eating and talking, they are the ones who prevent the remaining teeth from grinding against each other.

It is believed that even the highest quality implant is not able to fully replace the removed fang and implement all its functions. This is why professionals recommend looking for other ways to cope with the discomfort caused by fangs. Which ones?

Human fangs: how to remove them?

• The easiest and shortest way is grinding. In this procedure, the protruding ends of the teeth will be removed and shortened. The doctor will cover the top of the tooth with special enamel. Among the advantages of the method are speed and painlessness. Among the disadvantages is that sharp edges will remain in any case, and you will have to get used to them - and incorrect development of the bite is not excluded.
• The highest quality alternative with virtually no negative consequences is. This is especially recommended for teenagers under 18 years of age - at this age the jaw is not yet fully formed, and many things can be corrected in the shortest possible time. For adults, this process takes much longer (the system can be worn for up to two years), and is not always possible - a specialist can advise you more precisely.
• In addition, there are other, very effective methods for correcting fangs. This includes surgery, laser correction and more. Often such treatment is more expensive, but much less time will be spent on it than on correction with braces.

Of course, there are situations when removal of the fang is the only way out - for example, if it is severely damaged. However, any doctor will try to do everything possible to save your teeth. If the presence of fangs confuses you from a visual point of view, you will probably be interested in the fact that special fang extensions are very common among young people. Many consider this feature original and strive to highlight it. So you just have to reconsider your attitude towards this feature - and the intervention of a doctor will not be required at all.

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Fangs (dentes canini). In the places where the dental arches are most curved, there are 4 fangs, sometimes called corner teeth. The canines are relatively large teeth with a simple single-tubercular crown and one powerful long root.

Upper canines. The vestibular surface of the crown is diamond-shaped (Fig. 1). The cutting edge consists of two halves that meet at an angle and form a tooth. The angle of the tooth is often slightly larger than straight, and can be obtuse or sharp. Prong shapes main tubercle of the canine. The tubercle is not located in the middle, but is slightly shifted mesially. The parts of the cutting edge that form the tubercle are also pointed, and therefore the cutting edge is similar to the tip of a spear. The distal part of the edge is longer and steeper than the mesial part. On the distal edge of the cutting edge it is sometimes found intermediate tubercle. The angle formed by the mesial part of the incisal edge and the mesial edge of the crown is located further from the neck than the angle between the distal part of the incisal edge and the distal edge of the crown. The distal angle is often obtuse and rounded, the mesial angle is close to straight and has a clear apex. Thus, the sign of the crown angle on the upper canine is well expressed.

Rice. 1. Upper canine, right:

A wide ridge stretches from the main tubercle along the vestibular surface of the tooth to the neck. On the distal and mesial edges small edge scallops. Between the middle ridge and the marginal ridges there are two small grooves corresponding to shallow notches on the mesial and distal parts of the cutting edge. The notch between the main tubercle and the mesial angle of the crown is more developed. A short ridge originates from the accessory tubercle of the distal rib, merging with the median one. The lateral edges of the crown move closer towards the neck.

Clearly visible on the lingual surface of the canine edge scallops, sometimes strongly developed, spreading from the corners of the crown to lingual dental cusp, which is usually well expressed. From this tubercle to the main tubercle of the cutting edge there is a well-defined median ridge; depressions are formed between it and the marginal ridges. The distal depression is larger than the mesial one. In some cases, there is a gap that dissects the lingual dental tubercle. Sometimes on the distal half of the lingual surface of the crown there are one or two small triangular pits, the angle of which is open to the cutting edge.

When considering the contact surfaces of the canine crown, attention is drawn to the large thickness of the base of the crown in the vestibular-lingual direction. The contour of the vestibular surface is arched, convex, and the lingual surface is concave, but smaller than that of the incisors. With a highly developed lingual dental tubercle, the contour of the lingual surface of the crown may even be slightly convex. The contour of the enamel-cement border is arched, with the arc on the lateral surfaces of the tooth open to the root, and on the vestibular and lingual surfaces - to the cutting edge.

The root of the upper canine is long, compressed in the mesiodistal direction. The vestibular contour of the root is usually convex, less often flat, the lingual contour is convex in the cervical and middle thirds and concave in the apical third. On the lateral surfaces of the root, longitudinal grooves are noticeable, which are sometimes very developed. Rarely, the root of the upper canine can split into two roots - vestibular and lingual. The roots of the upper canines on the alveolar process correspond to canine eminence (eminentia canina).

The cavity of the crown is pointed towards the main tubercle, then gradually expands to the level of the corners of the crown, after which it narrows and passes into the root canal. There may be a cavity deepening in the direction of the lingual dental cusp. There are split root canals.

The height of the crown of the upper canine is 9.5-12.0 mm, the width is 7-8 mm, the vestibular-lingual size of the tooth neck is 7.0-8.5 mm, the mesiodistal size is 5-6 mm; root length - 15-19 mm.

The lower canines are smaller in size, have a narrower crown and a more transversely compressed root (Fig. 2). Their cutting edge has a main cusp, also displaced mesially. It is less pronounced than on the upper canines. The angles of the crown of the lower canines are also different: the mesial is better defined, obtuse or straight, the distal is always obtuse and, as a rule, rounded. The median ridge and marginal ridges are less distinct. The mesial edge of the crown goes almost vertically and continues into the same contour of the root. The distal edge forms a noticeable bend with the contour of the root. The root deviates distally.

Rice. 2. Lower canine, right:

a — vestibular surface; b — mesial surface; c - lingual surface; d — vestibular-lingual section; d — mesiodistal section; e - cutting edge; 1, 2, 3 - shape of cross sections at the level of the crown, middle and upper third of the root, respectively

The marginal ridges are well developed on the lingual surface of the crown. There are spade-shaped lower incisors. Lingual dental cusp and the median ridge are less pronounced. The more developed the median ridge is, the less pronounced the marginal ridges are and vice versa. The lingual surface is often more or less flat, and when the marginal ridges are clearly visible, it is concave. The teeth of the tubercle are not formed on the lingual surface.

When examining the lower canine from the lateral surface, it is clear that the contour of the lingual surface is concave and more vertical than on the upper canines. The contour of the vestibular surface has a more flattened convexity.

The contours of the root on both the vestibular and lingual surfaces are slightly convex or straight. The root is strongly compressed in the mesiodistal direction. On the contact surfaces in the middle of the root there are well-defined longitudinal grooves. Often (10%) the root of the lower canines is divided into two, while both roots can be of equal length and thickness, or the vestibular root is thicker but shorter. The cavity volume of the lower canines is smaller. Bifurcation of root canals is rare.

The height of the crown of the lower canines is 9-12 mm, width is 6-7 mm, mesiodistal diameter of the crown base is 5-6 mm, vestibular-lingual diameter is 7-8 mm; root length - 12.5-17.0 mm.

The upper and lower canines are stable in the dentition; there is no absence of canines. When the antagonist canines close, the distal part of the cutting edge of the lower canine comes into contact with the mesial part of the crown of the upper one. Sometimes there are extra fangs(usually upper ones), which erupt outside the dental arch (or remain in the jaw). The canines rise slightly above the rest of the teeth and protrude from the row in the vestibular direction. When crowding, the canines may have an incorrect position, usually moving vestibular. Trema between the canines and first premolars is very common. Trema between the canines and lateral incisors is almost as common.

Human anatomy S.S. Mikhailov, A.V. Chukbar, A.G. Tsybulkin

Young people are trying to “keep up with fashion.” To achieve their goals, young people sometimes neglect the safety of their health. They strive to stand out from the crowd and be modern.

Informal teenagers, especially those who consider themselves goths, try to follow fashion and grow fangs. This can be done with the help of modern dentistry. This desire arises, in most cases, in adolescents aged 14–20 years.

It is rare to meet an older person who strives to grow fangs. Currently, tooth enlargement occurs using several methods.

What could be the motivation?

Fangs can be extended or restored for dental reasons or for beauty.

For medical purposes, canine extensions are necessary for the following purposes:

• the enamel is damaged or has microcracks;
• there is damage to the tooth or the hard tissue has been subjected to mechanical damage;
• the tooth wears out with age;
• for defects that cannot be corrected aesthetically;
• There is pronounced pigmentation on the enamel.

In order to improve (change) their appearance, each person makes an independent decision about the advisability of growing fangs.

Over the past few years, this procedure has only gained popularity. Patients are confident that restoration of certain teeth can correct their facial expression and make their smile more mysterious and unusual. They are confident that they will acquire a certain charm and novelty.

In most cases, manipulations on the fangs are performed only for decorative aesthetics.

Contraindications

Restrictions that future “vampires” should take into account:

• work will not be carried out at ;
• The patient will also receive a refusal if the load when eating food is not distributed evenly;
• extension is impossible if the canine is severely damaged, in this case a crown is put on;
• with irregular oral care;
• if you are allergic to the material used;
• extension will be ineffective.

What does modern dentistry offer?

When growing teeth, in particular fangs, depending on the situation, three methods are used.

Direct method

The growth occurs in the oral cavity. Various materials are used for dental reconstruction.

The material is applied in layers to the prepared tooth. The thickness is selected based on the patient’s wishes. After the procedure is completed, the hardened material is polished and brought to perfection.

The procedure takes a minimal amount of time, no more than one hour per tooth. When growing two fangs, the time spent will be about one and a half hours. The work will be carried out sequentially, which will save time.

Installation of veneers and other overlays

The main work takes place in the dental laboratory.

Installation of crowns

They are selected according to the required size and shape, which is determined by the orthopedic dentist. The production is carried out by a dental technician.

When choosing a crown, you can choose the material from which future fangs will be made. There are also several ways to install the finished product.

The most popular crowns:

1. . A thin layer of ceramic is applied to the metal, which allows the tooth to look more natural.
2. . They are made from, with characteristics not inferior to metal.

You can install a crown:

• on your treated tooth;
• if the tooth root is preserved, then it can be set to;
• can be mounted and put on it.

You can grow fangs with a crown by no more than 4 mm. With a more massive build-up, the oral mucosa and tongue will be injured. Permanent injuries can lead to disastrous results, including the formation of a tumor.

Weighing the Pros and Cons

In most cases, canine extensions are an aesthetic need. Only in rare cases is such a procedure necessary for medical reasons and it is carried out using artificial material. In many cases, it is simply necessary to restore the appearance of the tooth.

- a tribute to fashion, they are common in some subcultures among young people.

What does reconstruction give:

• aesthetic indicators increase, the smile becomes natural, snow-white and beautiful;
• durability of materials;
• the ability to completely restore a tooth, even if some part is missing, the main requirement is the presence of a healthy root and the presence of bone tissue in the required volume;
• you can change your smile, appearance and image.

The disadvantages are the following:

• high cost of the procedure;
• there is no one hundred percent guarantee for a long-term result; the fang can break due to improper care or when chewing hard food;
• The procedure cannot be carried out if the root is slightly damaged.

What do extended fangs look like for girls and guys in real life:

Features of care

To increase the service life of artificial fangs, they must be properly cared for.

• Do not use cleaning products with abrasive particles;
• A toothbrush should be used with soft or medium hardness;
• smoking and large amounts of coffee can damage dental material;
• need at least twice a day;
• To increase the service life of the products, you should visit the dentist twice a year and conduct a preventive examination; if necessary, the doctor will polish the fangs and cover them with a protective varnish.

It is impossible to grow fangs professionally at home. To increase the size, special dental materials are required. You will also need equipment to harden the drug.

But at home you can make temporary ones from scrap materials.

Cost of the procedure

The cost of the extension procedure depends on several factors:

• complexity of the chosen method;
• cost of the material used;
• the prestige of the clinic;
• specialist qualifications.

The price range is between 4-40 thousand rubles per tooth. Cosmetic restoration will cost around 5 thousand rubles. If preliminary treatment or other additional dental services are required, the cost will increase.

It will cost more, but the cost will directly depend on the material chosen. Simple metal ceramics will cost 4 thousand rubles, and a completely ceramic tooth will cost no less than 20 thousand.

The most expensive material for fang extensions is veneer. Its cost will be from 25 thousand per tooth.

Before you decide to take such a serious step, you should think everything over carefully and weigh the pros and cons. You can make an outwardly beautiful shell, but harm your health. The decision to enlarge fangs is strictly individual; there cannot be one opinion.

All human teeth seem to be similar to each other. But the structure of the eye teeth, or fangs, as well as their appearance are very different from other species. For this reason, braces are often placed on fangs.

As for other teeth, each person has 4 types:

• front incisors - 2 pieces in one row of teeth;
• fangs - 1 in a row;
• premolars - 2 pieces;
• molars - 2 pieces.

So 4 dentitions make up 28 teeth; subsequently, in most people, 4 wisdom teeth are added to them.

What are each type of teeth?

Let's take a closer look:

1. The incisors are the front teeth in the middle of the jaw. They only have one root. They have an external convex and internal, slightly concave surface, as well as small tubercles at the base. They are intended primarily for tearing food into separate pieces (biting off). Due to their sufficient weakness, they are practically not suitable for chewing.
2. The canines follow in a row behind the incisors, located in the corners of the jaws. They are equipped with the longest root and crown, so they are quite strong.
3. Premolars are located behind the canines. Their chewing surface is much wider and has 2 tubercles for chewing. Children do not have such teeth.
4. Molars are the largest size. They are designed to grind food. There are three to five chewing tubercles on the surface.

Anomalies in the development of the dentition

Most often, if we consider all types of teeth, anomalies of an orthodontic nature occur in the canines. Many patients turn to specialists to correct the incorrect position of these teeth. Curvature of the fangs is observed in every third patient of orthodontists.

Types of curvature (dystopia) of fangs:

• fangs protruding from the jaws;
• hidden behind other teeth;
• very short or long;
• expanded;
• did not cut through completely.

The anomaly of the fangs “vampire smile” not only spoils the aesthetic side of the smile, but also interferes with the correct implementation of the function of eating. In this case, they seem to support the corners of the mouth. Braces can be a great solution to this problem.

Treatment options for canine dystopia

It is quite easy to determine canine dystopia. The complexity of its treatment depends on how advanced the disease is, the age of the patient and the nature of the anomaly.

Main methods of treatment:

• remove a wisdom tooth (when its growth is the cause of the anomaly);
• the use of braces (often you have to remove one of the teeth, usually a premolar, and then the canine is moved to the right place);
• installation of a prosthesis, or transformation of the first premolar into a canine (if it is missing in the row);
• reposition in more severe situations.

Note: The earlier treatment begins, the greater the likelihood that the patient will retain all teeth. For children under 12 years of age, removable plates are used for alignment, and teeth that are not fully formed are quickly aligned (in three to six months).

Teenagers aged 14-15 years old can benefit from braces very well without the need for surgical intervention, but in most cases such intervention is necessary for adults.

Why can such teeth be crooked?

The canines are the last to erupt. They appear in a child at the age of 9-12, when all the other teeth have already erupted and taken a certain place. Sometimes there is simply no place for fangs in the dentition; it may already be occupied by another dental organ. Then the eye teeth can grow outside the dentition, dystopia is formed.

Another reason for the curvature of the fangs is their discrepancy with the size of the jaw. When a child inherits large teeth from one parent and a small jaw from another, canine anomalies occur quite often.

Anomalies can also be caused by untimely replacement of baby teeth with permanent ones.

How does alignment happen?

It usually takes 2 years to return the fang to its place with the help of braces.

It is important in such a situation to free up space for the fang by widening the jaw or getting rid of a poorly functional tooth.

If the second and fourth teeth are too close together, the quads are most often removed. When the fang only slightly protrudes from the dentition, removal is not required; in this case, it is enough to widen the jaw and at the same time move the dental organs to the right place.

Both regular metal braces and more aesthetic ones (lingual, ceramic, sapphire) can be used to straighten fangs.

It is important to start treatment as early as possible to avoid unpleasant consequences.

Is it possible to fix fangs without braces?

Many patients refuse to use braces. Reasons for refusal, in addition to the aesthetic component of this treatment method, may be the following:

• high cost of design and procedures related to treatment;
• long duration of treatment;
• difficulty to predict the result;
• long period of rehabilitation.

Fangs can also be corrected using other methods. Which one is best suited in a particular situation depends on the complexity of the anomaly and the age of the patient.

Correcting an overbite for children is much easier than for adults. Therefore, there are more ways to achieve this goal.

Alternatives to correcting fangs with braces in children:

• using mouth guards at night;
• the use of soft plates that are removable are quite easy to maintain, but treatment with them will take longer;
• trainers - have a targeted effect on problem teeth, are easy to use, and are quite effective (since they are made for a specific defect, which can be corrected much quickly).

For an adult who has serious bite problems, it is better to use braces. Only in cases where the pathology is minor can other treatment methods be used. Such as:

• the use of removable aligners - does not affect the appearance of the smile, they are required to be used for 1.5-3 years;
• veneers - used for minor pathology affecting only the appearance, if necessary, quickly correct it; These are thin plates attached to the teeth, do not cause discomfort, are almost invisible, but do not solve the problem itself, improving only the appearance.

The doctor decides whether to use braces to treat the bite or use alternative methods. After a thorough examination and obtaining the necessary results, he applies one or another method.

Whatever structures are used by the patient for treatment, he needs to constantly visit a doctor who will advise and monitor the correct course of the treatment process.

Correcting the position of fangs with braces

Placing the fangs in the right place and aligning them takes 1-2 years of treatment with braces. This procedure sometimes requires removing one tooth from a row or widening the jaw, thus freeing up the necessary space. For minor curvatures, these procedures do not have to be resorted to.

You can use different braces to straighten your fangs: metal, ceramic, lingual or sapphire. It is better to carry out this treatment in adolescence. This way, the result will be achieved much easier and faster.

Braces can be installed only on the fangs, if there is no curvature of other teeth. It will take several years of treatment to straighten the fangs in such a situation.

You can straighten protruding fangs, depending on how severe the pathology is and its characteristics, in different ways.

Let's consider the average treatment option:

1. First you need to cure all organs of the oral cavity, get rid of caries, plaque and stone.
2. Then they examine the oral cavity, make impressions, and take x-rays. With their help, the structure is made.
3. In order to free up space, the jaw is expanded if necessary or some teeth are removed.
4. Next, the braces are installed.
5. After the result is achieved, the braces are removed and retainers are selected for the patient. To secure the result, he will need to wear them for some time.

Pros and cons of orthodontic construction

Braces have the following advantages:

1. With their help, you can cope with almost any jaw anomaly, regardless of the stage of curvature.
2. There are practically no contraindications to their use.
3. Already in the first months of treatment, the result is noticeable.
4. Suitable for both adults and children.
5. The installation procedure takes place exclusively in a dental clinic. The patient himself does not need to take them off and put them on, since the design is non-removable.
6. The latest developments in braces are almost invisible to others.

Disadvantages of designs:

1. The need for more thorough oral hygiene. In addition to teeth, braces also need to be thoroughly cleaned to prevent diseases such as caries, periodontitis and gingivitis from developing. This procedure should be performed after every meal.
2. Long-term wearing design.
3. Aesthetic side. Not all braces look attractive. But there are many of them that are practically invisible on the teeth (ceramic, lingual).
4. High price when compared with other correction systems.

Failure Cases

Correcting fangs with braces is a procedure that leads to excellent results. But some patients refuse such treatment.

Let's look at the reasons for this refusal:

1. Long term treatment, during which you need to wear braces.
2. The procedure is quite expensive.
3. Difficulties in predicting the final result.
4. Long recovery period after treatment.

The choice is always up to the patient, and canines can also be corrected in case of refusal of braces using mouthguards, trainers or soft plates. But these types of treatments can only help at a young age; they are not suitable for adults.

Only with slight protrusion of fangs in adults can they be corrected using mouthguards.

Mouthguards are worn at night. Soft plates are much easier to maintain compared to braces, but the duration of treatment with their help is quite longer. Trainers are convenient and act on the existing defect in a targeted manner.

For adults, lumineers and veneers can also be alternatives to braces. They are placed on the back of the teeth. But their effect will only improve the appearance, without curing the disease itself.

A word from the dentists

Anna Ivanova, orthodontist:

From a medical point of view, the use of braces is primarily necessary to correct the bite and prevent the occurrence of diseases associated with this problem.

These designs are most effective in correcting jaw abnormalities. This is clearly noticeable when comparing the situation before and after treatment. In addition to a beautiful smile, they provide the patient with natural chewing function and speech. In addition, the use of braces has almost no contraindications.

Inna Mutasova, orthodontist:

Wearing braces should not embarrass an adult in any way, but crooked teeth and an incorrect bite are a sufficient reason for embarrassment. Don't miss the opportunity to have a perfect smile. Without braces, serious defects cannot be eliminated.

Conclusion

The result of treatment with braces, in addition to the qualifications of the doctor who performed it, also directly depends on the patient himself. He needs to follow all the dentist's recommendations. Namely:

• wear elastics;
• take care of thorough oral hygiene (a dentist who notices that a patient does not maintain dental hygiene may well refuse to install braces).

Patient reviews

Alla, 30 years old

I agreed to install braces after the doctor said that if the bite is not corrected, I could subsequently lose all my teeth. The structures had to be worn for about two years. The result was truly a perfect smile. But after a while, the distances between the teeth became noticeable. It turned out that the dentist forgot to prescribe mouth guards. Now I wear them all the time, and my smile is gradually returning to normal.

Alexander, 41 years old

My son wore braces for almost 2 years. There were unpleasant sensations after installation and tightening. Could only eat liquid food. With the appearance of wisdom teeth, the teeth began to bunch up again. So, the effect of braces is there, but it is short-lived.

Olga, 26 years old

I had braces for over a year. It took me a long time to choose a clinic and a specialist who would install them for me. After installation, the unpleasant time of correction began. She devoted a huge amount of time to oral hygiene. I used all kinds of cleaning methods.

At the beginning of treatment, I experienced severe pain and was on painkillers. But now I’m just happy and very grateful to my doctor. The teeth are straight, the smile is almost perfect. The only thing is that I still wear mouth guards at night.

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How to fix fangs

You will need

• - consultation with an orthodontist

Instructions

Visit an orthodontist. This is what the doctor will do to diagnose your jaws. Panoramic photographs of the jaw and x-rays of all teeth will be taken. This is done in order to identify the cause of the malocclusion.

There is a jaw defect that has become widespread lately – crowded teeth. The cause of this defect is wisdom teeth. Modern human jaws are too small for the number of teeth that nature originally intended. Therefore, the removal of wisdom teeth is by no means a whim of dentists who want to earn extra money.

If the cause of your malocclusion is due to crowded teeth, you will be sent to a surgeon to remove the extra molars.

Tooth extraction is performed once a week, so that during the break the body has time to recover and remove the remnants of anesthesia from the blood.

After the causes of abnormal tooth growth have been removed, the orthodontist will provide you with a bite-correcting system. The most commonly used system for correcting malocclusion is braces. Installation of the braces system consists of the following: metal crowns with hooks are attached to straight molars. The actual braces are glued to uneven incisors and fangs. Braces are also a kind of hooks. The entire system is connected using a metal power arc. The shape of the arch follows the shape of an ideal bite. The braces system puts constant slight pressure on the teeth, and under this pressure the teeth are gradually “pulled apart” along the jaw. Braces can be metal or transparent. Metal braces are very reliable and relatively inexpensive. But they are the most noticeable and ugly. Transparent braces: plastic, ceramic and sapphire, can be almost invisible on the teeth, but they are quite fragile and expensive. In addition, clear braces can become stained if you drink a lot of coffee or strong tea.

Lingual braces are placed on the inside of the teeth. They are designed to correct minor defects and at first cause significant inconvenience to the patient.

For two years, visit your orthodontist every ten days to get a more rigid arch. It pulls harder on your teeth, causing them to ache for a day or two. The duration of treatment and frequency of visits to the doctor are approximate and depend on the complexity of the malocclusion. After each meal, rinse your mouth thoroughly and use a toothpick to remove any pieces of food stuck in your braces. For complete oral hygiene, you will have to use three types of brushes in the morning and evening. With a regular toothbrush, you will brush the loose molars in the back of your mouth. A special brush will be needed to clean teeth with braces. This brush has longer bristles at the edges than in the center. The gaps between the braces are cleaned with a small brush in the form of a brush.

Avoid eating solid foods such as nuts or seeds or chewing gum.

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Useful advice

Installation of a braces system is possible at any age.

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Is it possible and why to pull out a fang from above: is surgery really necessary?

Extraction of any tooth leads to changes in the structure of the jaw. But there are those whose presence is especially important. As a rule, these are large molars and anterior units. They lead to bite displacement and aesthetic problems. Patients, fearing possible consequences, are interested in whether it is possible to pull out the fangs from above.

The role of canines in the dentofacial system

Fangs are the most powerful teeth in humans. These are the only units that, during evolution, have not lost their original, “animal” form. People tear food with them. This makes chewing large pieces easier.

If you count from the center of the dentition, the canines - the third teeth - are located immediately behind the incisors. They are easy to spot due to their cone-shaped shape. Their roots are very deep. The units are load-bearing and play an important role in the formation of a smile.

Since when changing from a milk bite to a permanent one, the third teeth are replaced later than the others, sometimes there is no space left on the jaw. Therefore it is possible:

Important! Less often, problems arise due to destruction by caries, injuries - dislocation, fracture. The third tooth is little susceptible to mechanical or infectious damage.

The third teeth, trying to make room, displace the remaining bone structures. As a result, the bite becomes distorted and the enamel is erased due to improper load. This leads to aesthetic defects, diseases of the oral cavity, and digestive system.

A beautiful smile is fashionable. Therefore, great attention is paid to dental health these days. Unfortunately, not everyone can boast of their impeccable appearance, although modern dental developments can bring them as close to ideal as possible.

In our article we will not talk about this. We will discuss the anatomical structure of the human tooth, a diagram of which is given on our website.

Molars are the only human organ that does not regenerate on its own.. That is why they need to be protected and regularly monitored for any changes in their condition. It is not without reason that regular examinations by a dentist every 6 months are recommended.

Molars require careful care

If we consider it enlarged, then each molar, a photo of which can be seen on our website, consists of a crown and root part. Coronal part- the one that is located above the gum level is covered on top with the strongest tissue in the human body - enamel, which protects its softer inner layer - dentin, which is the basis of the tooth.

Despite the strength and reliability, enamel is incredibly susceptible to external influences. Poor care, bad habits, and heredity can disrupt its condition. Pathogenic bacteria enter cracks in the enamel, causing intense tissue destruction. A person develops a carious process that also affects dentin.

If left untreated, the infection penetrates into the root part, acute pulpitis and other equally dangerous ailments develop.

Regarding the structure of the root part, then its main elements are arteries, veins and nerve fibers that supply the tooth. They are located in the pulp of the root canal and through the apical foramen are connected to the main neurovascular bundle.

The dentin below the gum level is covered with cement, which is attached to the periodontium with the help of collagen fibers. The roots of human teeth, as the photo illustrates them very well, are hidden in the alveoli - peculiar recesses of the jaw bone.

Any defeat requires its complete removal. A broken root cannot be restored.

The structure of the jaw and molars of an adult deserves a separate section. This will be discussed below.

Types of human teeth

When visiting a dental office, we hear different names that are unfamiliar to our ears and, sometimes, we don’t even understand what they are talking about. This section is intended to help you understand what human teeth are called so that, if necessary, you can learn to understand the extent of the dental problems you have.

So, in the mouth we have:

• Central and lateral incisors;
• Fangs;
• Premolars or small molars;
• Molars or large molars.

In order to indicate their position on the upper and lower jaws, in dental practice, the so-called dental formula is used, according to which the numbers of primary teeth are written in Latin numerals, and the numbers of primary teeth are written in Arabic numerals.

With a full set of teeth in an adult, the dental formula will be as follows: 87654321 / 123465678. A total of 32 pieces.

On each side there are 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, 3 molars. Molars also include wisdom teeth, which are the last to grow. Typically after 20 years.
As for children, then their dental formula will have a different appearance. After all, there are only 20 baby teeth. But we’ll talk about this a little later, and now we’ll look at the structure of incisors, canines, premolars and molars, and also discuss their differences.

Features of the structure of the upper teeth

The smile zone includes central and lateral incisors, canines and premolars. Molars are called chewing teeth because their main purpose is to chew food. Each one looks different.

So, units - central incisors. Their crown part is thickened and slightly flattened, they have one long root. Twos also have a similar form - lateral incisors. They, like the central incisors, have three tubercles on the cutting edge from which three pulp spurs extend along the dental canal.

Fangs their shape resembles the teeth of an animal. They have a pointed edge, a convex shape and only one tubercle on their cutting part. First and second premolars, or, as dentists call them, the four and five have a very great external similarity, the difference is only in the size of their buccal surface and in the structure of the root.

Next come molars. Six has the largest coronal part size. It looks like an impressive rectangle, and the chewing surface in its shape resembles another geometric figure - a rhombus. Six has 3 roots - one palatal and two buccal. The seven differs from the six in slightly smaller sizes and different fissure structures. But eight or, according to popular belief, not everyone even grows a wisdom tooth. Its classic shape should be the same as that of ordinary molars, and its root resembles a powerful trunk. The upper wisdom teeth are considered the most capricious.

They can begin to disturb a person even at the stage of their eruption, and when removed they can create a difficult situation due to their twisted and twisted roots. Their antagonists are located on the opposite jaw. Our next section will be devoted to them.

Features of the structure of the lower teeth

The photo conveys quite accurately what human teeth and fangs are made of, as well as their appearance. From it one can judge that the structure of the teeth in the lower jaw is completely different from their structure in the upper jaw. Let's consider this point in more detail.

The teeth of the lower jaw have the same names as the upper jaw, but their structure will be slightly different.

Central incisors are the smallest in size. They have a small flat root and 3 faint tubercles. Lateral incisor larger than the central one by only a few millimeters. It also has a very small size, a narrow crown and a small flat root.

Lower canines they are similar in shape to their antagonists, but they are narrower and slightly tilted back.

First premolar on the lower jaw it has a rounded shape, a flat and flattened root, as well as some bevel towards the tongue.

Second premolar slightly larger than the first due to more developed tubercles and the presence of a horseshoe-shaped fissure between them.

The first molar, that is, the lower six, has the most cusps. Its fissure resembles the letter Z, in addition, it has as many as 2 roots. One of them has one channel, and the second has two. The second and third molars are very similar in shape to the first.

They are distinguished only by the number of tubercles and fissures located between them, which, especially on the figure eight, can have a bizarre shape.

What do baby teeth look like?

Milk teeth are the predecessors of molars. They begin to appear in the first year of a baby’s life and, as a rule, the lower central incisor is the first to pierce the gums. Many parents remember the period of teething with a shudder. They cause so much suffering to the little ones. This process is not fast - it is extended over time.

From the appearance of the first tooth to the last it can take two, or even two and a half years.

The average three-year-old toddler has a full set of 20 teeth in his mouth. The child will walk with them until he is 11 or 12 years old. But they will begin to change to radical ones from 5 to 7 years. Parents keep photos of toothless school-age children in family albums. But let’s return to what it is like, the structure of baby teeth in children. Let's start with their shape. It will be approximately the same as for permanent ones.

The only difference will be their small size and snow-white color. However, the degree of mineralization of their enamel and dentin is weak, so they are more susceptible to caries. Therefore, caring for them must be regular and thorough.

The structure of a baby tooth is also distinguished by a large volume of pulp, which is incredibly susceptible to inflammation. That is why in children, caries quickly turns into pulpitis.

Baby teeth do not have long roots Moreover, they do not sit tightly in the periodontal tissue. This greatly simplifies the process of replacing them with permanent ones. Although for children the process of removing them is always stressful.

Teeth are considered one of the most complex systems in our body. Their importance for our full life is invaluable. Therefore, you need to start taking care of their condition and health from an early age. And make it a rule to visit the dentist every six months.