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Table of contents

1. The main signs of Helicobacteriosis: Helicobacter-associated gastritis and gastroduodenitis
2. Symptoms of Helicobacter-associated gastritis and gastroduodenitis
3. Pyloric Helicobacter and erosion of the stomach and duodenum
4. Why Helicobacter pylori causes stomach ulcers and how to treat them - video
5. The importance of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori in the development of stomach cancer. Signs of malignant degeneration in chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric ulcers
6. Dysbacteriosis (dysbiosis) and irritable bowel syndrome
7. Helicobacter pylori and skin allergies. Symptoms of Helicobacter-associated atopic dermatitis
8. There are no acne, but I myself notice the smell from my mouth. At the same time, there are no caries. Will Helicobacter eradication help me?
9. Does Helicobacter pylori infection cause symptoms such as fever and cough?
10. Do I need to treat Helicobacter pylori if I am planning a pregnancy?
11. Why is Helicobacter pylori dangerous? Possible consequences of helicobacteriosis

The site provides reference information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases must be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Consultation with a specialist is required!

The main signs of Helicobacteriosis: Helicobacter-associated gastritis and gastroduodenitis

After the discovery of existence Helicobacter pylori medicine has been enriched with knowledge about new diseases: Helicobacter-associated gastritis and gastroduodenitis.

Helicobacter-associated gastritis is also called gastritis B(from the first letter of the Latin word for “bacterium”) and accounts for about 80% of cases of chronic gastritis. This disease has a number of characteristic features, such as:
1. Normal or (more often) increased secretion of gastric juice.
2. Superficial changes in the epithelium with a tendency to form erosions.
3. The lesion is predominantly in the antrum (end section).

It should be noted that with a long course of Helicobacter-associated gastritis, the process spreads from the antrum to the entire surface of the stomach, and superficial changes in the mucous membrane are replaced by deep ones.

In this case, atrophy of the glands that produce hydrochloric acid and proteolytic enzymes occurs in the stomach, and the gastric epithelium is replaced by intestinal epithelium (intestinal metaplasia). As a result, the secretion of gastric juice decreases and acidity drops.

At this stage, as a rule, Helicobacter pylori is no longer detected, since the habitat becomes unsuitable for it.

Often, Helicobacter pylori simultaneously colonizes the antrum of the stomach and duodenum, leading to their joint inflammation - gastroduodenitis.

Symptoms of Helicobacter-associated gastritis and gastroduodenitis

For initial and advanced stages Helicobacter-associated gastritis is characterized by symptoms of inflammation of the gastric mucosa, occurring with increased or (less often) normal acidity, namely:

• heartburn, sour belching;
• normal or increased appetite;
• pain in the epigastrium (under the stomach), appearing one and a half to two hours after eating;
• tendency to constipation.

For last stage Helicobacter-associated gastritis is characterized by signs of atrophy of the gastric mucosa, such as:

• feeling of heaviness in the epigastrium after eating (indigestion);
• dull pain in the stomach (under the stomach and in the left hypochondrium);
• tendency to diarrhea, which is associated with a decrease in the barrier function of hydrochloric acid;
• dryness and metallic taste in the mouth;
• belching of air, eaten food, often rotten;
• weight loss;
• the appearance of cracks in the corners of the mouth ("jams").

In cases where Helicobacter pylori spreads to the duodenum , the symptoms of chronic gastritis are complemented by signs of duodenitis, such as:

• belching of bile or bitterness in the mouth;
• nausea and vomiting;
• pain in the right hypochondrium (with the spread of the inflammatory process to the distal part of the duodenum).

Pyloric Helicobacter and erosion of the stomach and duodenum

Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis and gastroduodenitis are quite often combined with the formation of erosions in the gastroduodenal zone. Factors that contribute to this development include:

• psycho-emotional stress (adaptation disease is often accompanied by the formation of erosions in the stomach and duodenum);
• errors in diet (rough, spicy, hot food and alcohol);
• coffee abuse, smoking;
• taking certain medications (salicylates, glucocorticoids, reserpine, digitalis, etc.);
• diseases of the organs of the hepatoduodenal zone (liver, pancreas, gall bladder);
• diabetes mellitus (severe forms).

Unlike ulcers, erosions are completely epithelialized during healing, without leaving a scar or deforming the surface of the mucous membrane. However, many of their symptoms resemble those of ulcerative lesions of the stomach and duodenum:

• local pain in the epigastric region (in the projection of the resulting erosion);
• severe pain syndrome that occurs 1-1.5 hours after eating;
• heartburn, sour belching;
• nausea, vomiting.

Studies have shown that approximately 20% of patients with gastric and duodenal erosions caused by Helicobacter pylori have gastric bleeding, manifested by bloody or coffee-ground vomiting, as well as pasty black stools (melena).

However, hidden bleeding is even more common, which leads to the development of anemia and gradual exhaustion of the patient. The situation is aggravated by the fact that many patients are afraid to eat due to severe pain and lose a lot of weight.

Helicobacter pylori bacillus and stomach ulcer. Main signs of pathology

Today, the fundamental role of Helicobacter pylori in the development of gastric and duodenal ulcers is considered fully proven. However, genetic factors are also important.

Thus, hereditary predisposition is detected in 30-40% of patients with gastric ulcers. In such cases, the disease is much more severe (frequent exacerbations, often accompanied by bleeding, a high probability of developing complications, etc.).

TO genetically determined risk factors also include:

• male gender (the ratio of men and women among “ulcer sufferers” is 4:1);
• first blood group (increases the likelihood of ulcers by 35%);
• the ability to taste phenylthiourea;
• characteristic fingerprint pattern.

In addition, factors predisposing to the occurrence of erosions contribute to the development of gastric and duodenal ulcers associated with Helicobacter pylori. Caffeine and nicotine play an important role in the formation of ulcers. These substances prevent the epithelization of erosions and cause rapid progression of peptic ulcers (of course, their popular combination - coffee with a cigarette on an empty stomach - is especially dangerous).

Typical sign Associated with Helicobacter pylori peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum is a characteristic pain syndrome:
1. Pain clearly localized in the projection of the ulcerative defect (with a gastric ulcer in the pit of the stomach in the midline, with a duodenal ulcer - in the pit of the stomach on the right).
2. Hunger pains that appear 6-7 hours after eating and disappear after eating or drinking a glass of warm milk (a symptom characteristic exclusively of peptic ulcer disease).
3. Night pain.

Another very characteristic symptom of peptic ulcer disease is the cyclical nature of exacerbations of the disease. Relapses occur more often in the autumn-winter period. In addition, with a long course of the disease, patients note a peculiar cyclical occurrence of exacerbations with particularly severe symptoms: once every four to five years (small cycles) and once every seven to ten years (major cycles).

And finally, Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric and duodenal ulcers are characterized by a whole complex additional symptoms, which in themselves are nonspecific, but in their combination allow one to suspect the presence of this pathology:

• heartburn, sour belching (more common with stomach ulcers);
• nausea and vomiting that brings relief (associated with increased secretion of gastric juice, manifested during periods of exacerbation);
• appetite is normal or slightly increased, but patients are often afraid to eat due to severe pain;
• constipation;
• complaints of chilly limbs;
• cold damp palms;
• tendency to arterial hypotension (low blood pressure) and bradycardia (decreased heart rate).

Helicobacter-associated gastric or duodenal ulcer is dangerous due to the development of the following: complications:

• gastrointestinal bleeding;
• perforation of the ulcer with the development of diffuse peritonitis;
• penetration (germination of ulcers) into neighboring organs and tissues;
• cancerous degeneration of the ulcer;
• development of diseases of other organs of the gastrointestinal tract (chronic pancreatitis, cholecystitis, enterocolitis);
• general exhaustion of the patient.

Why Helicobacter pylori causes stomach ulcers and how to treat them - video

The importance of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori in the development of diseases such as stomach cancer. Signs of malignant degeneration in chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric ulcers

Bacterium Helicobacter pylori causes chronic gastritis B, which, over a long period of time, leads to atrophy of the gastric mucosa and the appearance of foci of intestinal metaplasia (areas of the mucous membrane covered with epithelial cells characteristic of the intestine).

This condition is considered precancerous by modern medicine. The fact is that any metaplasia (change of an existing cell type) is dangerous in relation to malignant degeneration. In addition, with atrophic gastritis, the secretion of gastric juice sharply decreases, many components of which (pepsin, antianemic factor, etc.) prevent the development of various types of neoplasms.

According to statistics, stomach cancer in 50% of cases develops against the background of atrophic gastritis, and in 46% as a result of the degeneration of a stomach ulcer. Helicobacter pylori-associated ulcers are also prone to cancerous transformation, especially with a long course of the disease.

In this case, a malignant tumor can develop both against the background of an existing ulcer, and after its radical healing (the appearance of cancer in the area of ​​the scar or on the inner surface of the stump of the removed stomach).

A typical sign of the development of a malignant tumor against the background of chronic atrophic gastritis or ulcers is a modification of the pain syndrome. The pain loses its characteristic connection with eating and becomes constant.

In addition, patients complain of nausea, loss of appetite, and become more picky about cooked foods. However, in cases where cancer develops against the background of atrophic gastritis, these symptoms may go unnoticed. In such cases, doctors pay attention to the so-called small signs syndrome, such as:

• general weakness, sharp decrease in working capacity;
• loss of interest in the surrounding reality;
• aversion to certain types of food, mainly fish and meat;
• sallow pallor of the face combined with yellowness of the sclera;
• increased irritability;

Helicobacter pylori intestinal: disease dysbacteriosis (dysbiosis) and irritable bowel syndrome

The discovery of Helicobacteriosis gave impetus to the search for the relationship between Helicobacter pylori-associated diseases (gastritis B, gastroduodenitis, gastric and duodenal ulcers) and such functional disorders of the small and large intestines as irritable bowel syndrome.

It turned out that with chronic gastroduodenitis associated with Helicobacter pylori, 80-100% of patients develop intestinal dysbiosis, and for patients with Helicobacter-associated ulcers, an almost one hundred percent prevalence of intestinal dysbiosis is characteristic.

At the same time, researchers note a correlation between the population of Helicobacter in the pyloric part of the stomach and duodenum and the severity of dysbiosis in other parts of the digestive tract, including the final part of the large intestine.

Dysbacteriosis is one of the most important factors in the development of such a fairly common pathology as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). It is believed that it is for this reason that among patients with IBS there are significantly more carriers of Helicobacter pylori than healthy individuals.

In addition, Helicobacter pylori directly disrupts the motility of the gastrointestinal tract, producing special toxins and disrupting the synthesis of hormones that regulate the motor activity of the digestive tube. So even in the absence of Helicobacter-associated diseases, Helicobacter pylori infection can manifest itself as symptoms of irritable bowel disease, such as:

• pain or discomfort in the intestines, relieved after bowel movements and/or passing gas;
• violation of stool frequency (more than three times a day or less than three times a week);
• pathological changes in the consistency of stool (hard “sheep-like” or mushy, watery stool);
• empty urge, feeling of incomplete bowel movement.

Irritable bowel syndrome, including those associated with Helicobacter pylori, is a functional disorder. Therefore, the appearance of signs of a disturbance in the general condition of the body (fever, malaise, muscle aches, etc.) and/or the presence of pathological inclusions such as blood or pus in the stool indicate an infectious disease (dysentery) or serious organic damage to the intestines (cancer, ulcerative colitis, etc.).

Helicobacter pylori and skin allergies. Symptoms of Helicobacter-associated atopic dermatitis

To date, the relationship between the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and the development of atopic dermatitis has been proven, which is a chronic allergic skin disease characterized by the periodic appearance of specific rashes on the face, neck, upper body, on the flexor surfaces of the elbow and knee joints, on the dorsum of the feet and palms, and in severe cases - throughout the body.

As a rule, the rashes are polymorphic in nature - that is, they consist of various elements - erythematous spots (areas of redness), protruding swellings reminiscent of a nettle burn, and blisters. With a mild course, the same type of rash in the form of urticaria may be observed.

A characteristic feature of atopic dermatitis is itching, which can have varying intensity (from mild to unbearable). The itching is worse at night, and scratching the affected areas usually brings short-term relief. However, in areas of scratching, inflammatory thickening of the skin quickly develops, and when a secondary infection occurs, long-healing purulent abrasions occur.

As a rule, atopic dermatitis occurs at a very young age (up to two years) and has the well-known name exudative diathesis. The very name of the disease (diathesis in translation means “propensity”) indicates a pathology with a genetic predisposition.

However, the vast majority of children successfully “outgrow” this pathology and say goodbye to the manifestations of skin allergies forever, while some patients are forced to unsuccessfully struggle with atopic dermatitis all their lives.

Clinical studies have shown that eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with atopic dermatitis in most cases leads to the disappearance of rashes. This was further evidence of the existence of Helicobacter-associated atopic dermatitis.

The progression of atopic dermatitis in helicobacteriosis is associated with the following features of this infection:
1. Helicobacter pylori disrupts the protective function of the gastric mucosa, so that many substances are absorbed that normally would not enter the blood directly from the stomach (we can say that as a result of Helicobacter pylori, the digestive tube returns to the period of infantile functional imperfection);
2. The prolonged presence of Helicobacter pylori in the stomach triggers a complex mechanism of immune-inflammatory reactions that contribute to the occurrence of allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis;
3. There is a hypothesis about the production of specialized anti-Helicobacter immunoglobulin, which is involved in the development of allergic inflammation in atopic dermatitis.

Helicobacter pylori bacteria and rosacea (facial acne)

Helicobacter infection was found in 84% of patients with rosacea (rosacea). This is a skin disease characterized by the appearance of acne on the face, localized mainly in the skin of the cheeks, nose, forehead and chin.

This type of rash most often appears after 40 years, mainly in women. The disease has a chronic course. Sometimes the conjunctiva and cornea of ​​the eyes (the membrane covering the iris and pupil) are affected, causing symptoms such as photophobia, painful spasms of the eyelids, and watery eyes.

It has long been noticed that acne on the face in adulthood appears more often in patients with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. However, there is still conflicting data regarding the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and rosacea.

Many clinical studies have confirmed the disappearance of facial acne in most patients after complete eradication of Helicobacter pylori from the body.

Symptoms of Helicobacter pylori: acne on the face (photo)

I read that Helicobacter pylori is such a terrible bacterium that poisons a person’s life: it causes symptoms such as acne on the face and bad breath. I’m thinking of buying a breath test for Helicobacter: there are no acne, but I myself notice the smell from my mouth. At the same time, there are no caries. Will Helicobacter eradication help me?

Today it has already been proven that helicobacteriosis can cause bad breath. There are several mechanisms for the appearance of this symptom.

During its life, Helicobacter releases substances that form foul-smelling ammonia, which is necessary to protect the microorganism from the acidic environment of the stomach and immune cells.

In addition, Helicobacter disrupts the motility of the gastrointestinal tract, causing belching of air and stomach contents. The development of concomitant dysbiosis in the digestive tract is also of certain importance.

So eradication of Helicobacter pylori will definitely help eliminate bad breath. However, as many clinical studies have shown, not all patients completely got rid of this unpleasant symptom after curing helicobacteriosis.

The fact is that bad breath can be caused by many diseases. We would advise you to consult your dentist again, since the smell can be associated not only with dental diseases, but also with gum pathology.

Among the causes of bad breath, the second most common cause after dental pathology is diseases of the ENT organs, such as chronic tonsillitis, chronic pharyngitis, chronic sinusitis, etc. Therefore, consultation with an otolaryngologist is also advisable.

Does Helicobacter pylori infection cause symptoms such as fever and cough?

As a rule, Helicobacter pylori infection goes unnoticed by the body. In experiments on infection with Helicobacter pylori (the first such experiment was carried out by Marshall, the researcher who first described the bacterium Helicobacter pylori), approximately a week after infection (the so-called incubation period), some patients felt mild malaise, abdominal pain of unclear localization, upset stool (infrequent diarrhea), who self-destructed without treatment.

An increase in body temperature may indicate complications, such as, for example, penetration (germination) of an ulcer into other organs or perforation of a peptic ulcer with the development of peritonitis. However, in such cases, in addition to high temperature, there are other signs of a severe pathological process in the body.

So if, against the background of helicobacteriosis, your temperature rises and a cough appears, then we are most likely talking about the development of some independent disease (ARVI, acute bronchitis, etc.).

Helicobacter pylori and hair loss - what does modern medicine say about the relationship between these pathologies?

The fact is that hair loss can be caused by various reasons. With a long course of Helicobacter-associated diseases, such as chronic gastritis, stomach and duodenal ulcers, vitamin deficiency and general exhaustion of the body often develop, which leads to hair damage - it becomes dull, brittle and sparse.

In addition, modern medicine has established a clear relationship between carriage of Helicobacter pylori and a specific disease leading to hair loss. This is alopecia areata (literally: alopecia areata) - a pathology characterized by damage to the hair follicles due to an immune reaction.

Scientific studies have shown that among patients with alopecia areata there are much more carriers of Helicobacter pylori than in the general population. The likelihood of developing Helicobacter-associated alopecia areata is especially high in women and young people (under 29 years of age).

Scientists suggest that the main mechanism of hair damage in this pathology is cross-immune reactions activated by the presence of Helicobacter pylori.

Do I need to treat Helicobacter pylori if I am planning a pregnancy?

Like any chronic infection, Helicobacter pylori negatively affects the course of

What to do if you need to get rid of Helicobacter, but the body does not accept the chemistry?

In this article, you will find a different approach - how to try to create uncomfortable conditions for reproduction for it and thus displace it, and at the same time, how to raise the protective forces of the gastric mucosa. And it won't be drugs. After all, there is no guarantee that after drug treatment the infection will not appear in a month.

So you need to think a little more before you bully someone!

What determines the danger of this bacterium?

The microflora in the human body is very numerous and diverse. We understand that all our lives we are surrounded by both useful microorganisms that ensure normal metabolic processes and dangerous microorganisms. Some of them are dormant, but can be active. These are the microbes that belong to helicobacter.

Getting rid of Helicobacter has become almost a fashionable habit. But the truth is that this microorganism has already populated at least 60% of the planet’s population and it is becoming less and less sensitive to drug treatment. Yes, it lives in the human stomach, and if active, it causes real harm to human health through stomach diseases - gastritis, ulcers, cancer. But this is only part of the information that they tell you before they recommend irradiation (taking antibiotics and other chemicals). In fact, potential harm directly depends on its activity. The mere fact of existence does not mean anything!

The presence of this microbe in the body does not always cause the development of serious illnesses. After all, Helicobacter can remain in a passive state for many years. It causes harm only in the active phase, and the likelihood of its manifestation depends on the state of your immune system.

Important! The state of immunity and anti-inflammatory mechanisms in the gastric mucosa can be influenced. And the prescription is not antibiotics. If they were a panacea, and Helicobacter were an absolute evil, then it would kill our ancestors like the plague or cholera. But no. The number of cases of gastritis, ulcers, and stomach cancer is growing among us, with civilized medicine, and not among our “uneducated” ancestors.

And all because it is almost impossible to get rid of Helicobacter permanently and guaranteed. This microorganism is very widespread and easily enters the human body. For example, you are sick with Helicobacter pylori m and underwent a course of treatment. But a month after complete recovery, you may experience symptoms of the disease again. This course of the disease is very similar to re-infection with ARVI. After all, if you have poor immunity, you can easily become infected with respiratory viruses ear infection soon after recovery. The same happens when infected with Helicobacter. Therefore, after completing the course of treatment, you definitely need to strengthen your immune system and take care of normalizing digestion.

Important! Natural remedies are not medicine. If you have an acute ulcer or other acute condition, then of course you should consult a doctor, but after the transition to a calm state, support your immunity, gastric mucosa and digestion with natural remedies and proper nutrition!

If you are treated for Helicobacter with antibiotics, what next?

Ideally, 80% of patients should, according to statistics, recover from Helicobacter within 14 days of taking antibiotics and other chemicals, and the percentage of side effects is about 10-15%. That is, not everyone is cured and there are many negative reactions to treatment! Moreover, sensitivity to antibiotics decreases from year to year.

Therefore, some people who are not very worried, but simply the analysis showed the presence of an infection, on reflection, refuse classical therapy and do nothing else. As a result, they become a participant in the “lottery” - whether gastritis will progress to an ulcer or cancer or not.

Others, who were lucky and the symptoms of gastritis decreased after chemotherapy, also do nothing after the end of the course, rejoicing that they can eat everything that previously caused stomach pain, gradually returning to their original positions because... the probability of encountering Helicobacter again is 60% and the cause of gastritis is not only the microbe, but also the diet and the state of the nervous system.

The third group who decided to take antibiotics, but received side effects and now feel the liver, pancreas, have rashes on the skin or have bad stools.

In fact, it would be possible to use natural remedies in the first, second and third cases and achieve greater results. There is always a reasonable approach.

Read more:

How to strengthen the gastric mucosa and regulate the acidity of gastric juice during gastritis: within two months

If you do not live in Russia, what should you use?

Why is Helicobacter dangerous?

This microbe is the main cause of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers. Once in the human stomach, it penetrates the mucous membrane and begins to absorb wall cells. The process is accompanied by the release of waste products by the microbe and their entry into the human blood. The enzymes in the stomach cannot cope with this dangerous microorganism. After all, he is able to surround himself with a special protective shell.

As a result of the activity of Helicobacter, protective blood cells - neutrophils - are activated. Their release occurs at the location of the microbe. Protective cells destroy the microorganism itself and tissue areas damaged by it. But this does not prevent further destruction. After all, the areas of the mucous membrane destroyed by Helicobacter no longer protect the underlying tissues. Therefore, hydrochloric acid easily gets into the wound. It causes severe inflammation.

This leads to chronic gastritis in all patients with Helicobacter pylori. In more severe cases, peptic ulcer disease may develop. Its appearance is also facilitated by:

· poor nutrition;

· lack of treatment;

· smoking;

· stressful situations;

· alcohol.

Most often, ulcerative defects are found in the initial and outlet sections of the stomach. It is these areas that Helicobacter “likes”.

Side effects of drugs for helicobacteriosis

This microbe is dangerous not only for its effect on the human body. Medicines used to get rid of Helicobacter pylori cause no less harm. Know thatHelicobacter treatment without antibiotics possible only with very good immunity. Therefore, always take care of the state of your immune system, and you will not have to take heavy medications that cause serious harm to your body.

Let's look at the side effects of drugs used for helicobacteriosis. In its treatment, Omeprazole, Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin and Metronidazole are most often prescribed. These are very potent drugs that have a number of side effects. The official instructions for use of drugs for the treatment of Helicobacter list the following side effects and possible complications:

· dizziness and headache;

· sleep disorder;

· weakness;

· feeling of anxiety;

· noise in ears;

· disorientation in space;

· tachycardia

· decreased blood sugar;

· numbness in the limbs;

· depressive state

· dry mouth and impaired taste;

· constipation or diarrhea;

· fungal disease of the mouth, intestines and stomach (sometimes women experience vaginal candidiasis);

· colitis;

· stomatitis;

· abdominal pain;

· hepatitis and liver failure;

· exacerbation of pancreatitis;

· bronchospasm;

· drop in leukocyte levels and thrombocytopenia;

· anemia;

· joint pain;

· muscle weakness and muscle pain;

· skin rashes, allergic vasculitis

· hair loss;

· visual impairment;

· swelling of the limbs;

· nausea and vomiting;

· discoloration of the tongue.

This is just a short list of possible side effects of drug treatment for helicobacteriosis. Some of the complications occur very rarely. Others appear in almost every patient. Therefore, you should not neglect the state of your immune system, because strong immunity is the most reliable prevention of this disease, as well as many others. Only it will help you keep the dangerous Helicobacter in a depressed state. In this form, it will not be able to harm you for many years of your life.

How to learn to solve several health problems at the same time and simply?

We have already been taught that for every single symptom there is a cure. And this is correct when you are in the hospital or are faced with an acute illness. But if your goal is to improve health and improve performance, everything will be exactly the opposite. Everything in the body is connected and eliminating symptoms does not lead to a solution to health problems, but only masks them. Real changes come from addressing the causes of poor health.

If you want to feel better, influence the body using deep universal mechanisms that simultaneously eliminate similar disorders in different organs: correcting nutrition, a reasonable lifestyle, detox, nutrition and protection of nerve cells, restoration of microflora, normalization of digestion, natural anti-inflammatory agents and antioxidants .

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Therapy aimed at expelling a person infected with it from the stomach is not the easiest task that a doctor sets for himself.

This is due to the fact that pathogenic microorganisms are extremely reluctant to leave their favorite places of existence - the epithelial cells of the inner lining of the stomach or the submucosa, and drug-resistant strains are formed.

Therefore, the effect on the bacterium must be complex: medication, physiotherapy, nutrition, phytotherapeutic. The main point of application is drug therapy.

The expression “treat Helicobacter pylori infection” is not entirely correct from a medical point of view. Doctors treat diseases caused by this microorganism, but the bacterium itself should be gotten rid of.

The main direction in drug therapy is eradication - a method of destroying an infectious agent with the help of drugs.

In addition to eradication therapy, it is important to correct the impaired acidity of gastric juice, restore the motor and evacuation function of the gastrointestinal tract, stabilize enzymatic activity, and calm inflammatory processes.

All these functions are assigned to specific drugs, which, in combination with proper nutrition, give positive results. The main groups of drugs, medicines and tablets for Helicobacter pylori:

• Antibacterial
• Preparations of bismuth salts
• Proton pump blockers
• M-anticholinergics
• H2-histamine receptor blockers
• Antacids
• Antispasmodics
• Prokinetics

The most common dosage form of drugs is tablets; antacids can be used in the form of suspensions or powders that require dissolution in water.

What antibiotics kill Helicobacter pylori

Antibacterial drugs are the “heavy artillery” that forces the bacteria to desert and leave the patient’s body.

The standards for the treatment of Helicobacter-associated gastric pathologies indicate at least two antibiotics. With significant contamination of the mucous membrane and pronounced clinical manifestations of the disease, it is impossible to do without them.

• Amoxicillin
• Clarithromycin
• Tetracycline
• Metronidazole
• Rifambutin
• Levofloxacin

Rifambutin and levofloxacin are “reserve” drugs; they are not included in standard treatment regimens, but can be used if pathogenic strains develop resistance to common drugs included in the protocols.

Antibacterial drugs have side effects: allergic reactions, dysbacteriosis, nausea. Patients are often afraid to take antimicrobial drugs precisely for this reason.

If you are infected with Helicobacter and have gastric diseases, you should not do this. Taking antibiotics in this case is justified.

Without these medications, the patient risks earning money, and by refusing treatment, he exposes the body to the risk of developing oncopathology of the gastrointestinal tract. Stomach cancer is 3-6 times more likely to occur in patients infected with H. pylori who have not received proper therapy.

How to treat Helicobacter pylori with antibiotics - eradication therapy regimens

Today, 3- and 4-component treatment regimens aimed at destroying the bacteria have been developed and are actively used.

If a patient has a microbe in the stomach, there are symptoms of gastrointestinal damage, and the person has not previously received treatment, therapy is always started with a three-component regimen, which includes:

• Proton pump blocker (lansoprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole 20 mg) 2 times a day
• Amoxicillin 1000 mg 2 times a day
• Clarithromycin 500 mg 2 times a day

A 3-component regimen is prescribed when a patient first seeks treatment; elderly, debilitated patients can be individually adjusted to the dosage of medications.

This therapy is prescribed for 7 (minimum) to 14 days. Clinical studies have shown that in some cases, taking drugs for a week is not enough to ensure eradication, and therapy is ineffective.

After two weeks of taking the drugs, on the contrary, the effect of treatment was an order of magnitude higher: in a much larger number of patients, eradication of the pathogen reached 80% or more.

Four-component treatment regimen

If the effect of the 3-component regimen is not achieved, the destruction of the infectious agent has not occurred, the doctor will recommend continuing therapy after a month and a half, consisting of:

• Proton pump blocker (omeprazole, lansoprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole 20 mg) 2 times a day
• Preparations of bismuth salts 120 mg 4 times a day
• Metronidachol 500 mg 3 times a day
• Tetracycline 500 mg 4 times a day

This is a 4-component eradication scheme. It is important to ensure that previously used antibacterial drugs are not repeated. If resistance to the above antibiotics is detected, “reserve” medications can be prescribed: levofloxacin, rifambutin.

Despite the developed standards, the doctor, when carrying out eradication, must approach each case and disease individually, taking into account the patient’s age, concomitant pathologies, possible allergic reactions of the body and the resistance of specific strains of bacteria to drugs.

How many days to take antibiotics for Helicobacter pylori

A 3-component regimen is prescribed by a doctor for a period of 7 to 14 days. It is not advisable to take the drugs for less than a week; there will be no effect from such treatment.

The bacterium is difficult to treat and develops resistance to drugs, so more and more evidence is emerging that even a week is not enough to achieve a positive result and get rid of the pathogen. More and more doctors are inclined to extend antibiotic therapy to 10-14 days.

The 4-component regimen is prescribed for a period of two weeks.

The effectiveness of treatment should be assessed using diagnostic and laboratory methods no earlier than 1-1.5 months from the end of taking the drugs.

If eradication is 80% or more of the initial level, or no bacteria are found in the body at all, we can talk about success in treating the disease associated with this pathogen.

More about drugs

Features of taking antibiotics for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori:

• Clarithromycin

This is an antibacterial drug from the macrolide group. Included in the first-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. It is successfully used in gastroenterology, it is able to inhibit the synthesis of the cell wall of Helicobacter pylori, and therefore prevent its reproduction. It is acid-resistant, works effectively at normal and high acidity, and is well absorbed.

Some strains of bacteria exhibit resistance to clarithromycin. In this case, the drug must be replaced with another one to achieve a better therapeutic effect.

• Amoxicillin and metronidazole

Metronidazole or trichopolum is a drug that has a destructive or bactericidal effect on H. pylori. Its activity does not depend on the pH level in the stomach; the drug can be used in both hyper- and hypoacid conditions.

Today, resistance of many Helicobacter strains to metronidazole is very common. If the drug is prescribed together with de-nol, resistance to it develops more slowly.

Amoxicillin is a penicillin antibiotic that blocks the synthesis of microbial cell walls and is well absorbed by the gastric mucosa. More active in a neutral environment than in an acidic environment. Increasing the pH to 4 increases the pharmacological effect of this drug 10 times.

Metronidazole and amoxicillin are first-line drugs, but can also be prescribed in a 4-component treatment regimen.

• Tetracycline

Another antimicrobial agent actively used in eradication therapy of helicobacter pylori. The mechanism of action of tetracycline is to inhibit microbial cell protein synthesis.

The medicine is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Eating dairy foods slows down its absorption.

• Proton pump blockers

The most common representative of this group is. There are other very effective drugs: lansoprazole, pantoprozole, esomeprazole, rabeprazole).

Medicines suppress the production of hydrochloric acid. Thus, they influence the microbe indirectly: they do not destroy it, but create unfavorable conditions for existence, have a suppressive effect on the infection: they stop bacterial growth and development.

Omeprazole and other representatives of the group, by increasing the pH of the gastric contents, contribute to the better functioning of antibacterial drugs, in particular amoxicillin.

There is evidence that proton pump inhibitors can block the bacterial enzyme urease.

Doctors recommend that after completing the course of treatment with antibiotics, continue taking omeprazole for up to 4-8 weeks. Patients who continue to take proton pump blockers have better mucosal healing processes and a higher percentage of bacterial destruction compared to patients who stopped taking omeprazole after the end of the eradication regimen.

• Antacids and H2 receptor blockers

Most often, the acidity of gastric juice during infection with H. pylori is normal or increased.

In addition to omeprazole, which normalizes pH, antacid drugs (Almagel, phosphalugel, Hefal, Maalox, Rennie) and H2-histamine receptor blockers (famotidine, ranitidine) also have this effect.

The mechanism of action of antacids is to neutralize gastric acid. The active ingredients in these preparations are aluminum and magnesium hydroskides.

The products effectively eliminate the clinical manifestations of “acidism” – heartburn, sour belching. Take them 1-2 hours after meals and at night. Release form: suspensions, or powders, tablets.

You should not combine the use of antacids with antibacterial drugs or bismuth salts, since aluminum and magnesium hydroxides interfere with the absorption of other substances in the gastrointestinal tract.

New generation H2-histamine receptor blockers (famotidine, ranitidine) have virtually no side effects. Their mechanism of action: they inhibit the production of HCL and the production of pepsin, which causes a decrease in acidity. Prescribe tablets after breakfast and before bed.

• Bismuth preparations

This group of drugs, in combination with antibiotics, has a bactericidal effect - it destroys both coccal strains and vegetative forms.

Bismuth salts have many effects that have a positive effect in the complex treatment of diseases caused by Helicobacter:

• Prevents pathogens from attaching to epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa
• Disrupt microbial ATP synthesis
• Block bacteria enzymes
• Promote the destruction of the cell wall of the infectious agent
• Increases the synthesis of protective immunoglobulins, prostaglandins of gastric secretions
• Increases the secretion of bicarbonates and protective mucus
• Reduce the absorption of antibiotics in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby increasing their concentration in the gastric contents
• Provide a reparative, wound-healing effect of the internal gastric wall
• Improves local blood circulation

These pharmacological properties allowed the bismuth drug to occupy its niche in the treatment of helicobacteriosis in combination with two antibiotics. One of the most effective drugs in this group is de-nol.

Does de-nol kill Helicobacter or not?

Only in combination with antimicrobial agents does de-nol have a bactericidal effect. If you take this drug separately as monotherapy, such treatment will not have the desired effect.

But in a combined treatment regimen, de-nol fully reveals its therapeutic effects, while simultaneously enhancing the properties of antibacterial drugs.

The combination “de-nol + 2 antibiotics” is extremely effective, and in the case of Helicobacter sensitivity, it allows the microbe to disappear if the tablets are taken for 10-14 days.

How much to drink de-nol for Helicobacter infection

The drug is prescribed 1 tablet 4 times a day for 30 minutes. before meals and at night for a period of at least 21 days, you can take the medicine for up to 8 weeks as recommended by your doctor. You should know that when the drug is prescribed, the stool turns black.

The tablets should be taken with a glass of boiled water, but not with milk, since dairy products reduce the pharmacological effect of the drug. Tablets cannot be combined with juices either.

Antacids slow down the absorption of de-nol, so you should not drink them together.

If side effects occur: diarrhea, nausea, allergic reactions, vomiting, you should stop taking the medication and consult a doctor.

In the modern world there are many different diseases. In this article I would like to talk about how Helicobacter can be treated: a treatment regimen and getting rid of this problem.

What it is?

At the very beginning, you need to understand the concepts that will be used in this article. What is Helicobacter pylori? spiral-shaped, which lives either in the duodenum or in the stomach. The danger of Helicobacter is that it can cause various diseases, such as gastritis, polyps, hepatitis, ulcers and even cancer. It is also worth saying that the majority of the inhabitants of our planet, approximately 60%, are infected with this microorganism. Scientists say that it is in second place in terms of prevalence after herpes infection. It can be contracted through contaminated food or water, as well as through contact with a sick person through sputum or even saliva, which can be released during coughing or sneezing.

Requirements

It is very important to also consider the schemes. So, it is worth saying that for therapy there are several simple but important requirements:

1. The main goal of therapy is to destroy (this is not always possible to do completely) these harmful bacteria.
2. We must try to eliminate side effects. If they occur, the drug can be changed.
3. It is very important that the treatment gives positive results within 7-14 days.

Important rules that imply the treatment of Helicobacter

The treatment regimen must meet very simple but very important rules. What not only every doctor, but also the patient should remember:

1. If the treatment regimen does not produce the desired effect on the patient, it is not worth repeating.
2. If the regimen is ineffective, it may mean that the bacteria has become immune to one of the components used in the therapy.
3. If no treatment regimen has a positive effect on a person, it is necessary to check the sensitivity of the disease strain to the entire spectrum of antibiotics.
4. If a year after recovery a person becomes infected again, it should be considered as a relapse, but not as a reinfection.
5. If a relapse of the disease occurs, a more stringent treatment regimen must be applied.

Medications

What steps can be taken if treatment for Helicobacter is expected? The treatment regimen may consist of the following medications:

1. Their main goal is to reduce the acidity of the stomach and coat its walls.
2. You will also need substances that suppress the production of gastric juice. In this case, it is customary to talk about proton pump blockers and H2-histamine blockers.
3. Antibacterial agents - antibiotics. Their main goal is to destroy the harmful organism.

Scheme 1. Seven days

How can Helicobacter be treated with antibiotics? The regimen can be seven days (the so-called first line of therapy). In this case, all medications are taken twice a day for a week. In this case, the doctor will most likely prescribe the following medications to the patient:

1. Proton pump inhibitors. This may be one of the following drugs: Omez, Lanzoprazole, Esomeprazole.
2. Bactericidal agents, for example a drug such as Klacid.
3. You can also use the antibiotic Amoxiclav (a group of penicillins).

Scheme 2. Ten- or fourteen-day treatment

Helicobacter can be treated with antibiotics for two weeks. The scheme in this case could be as follows:

1. Proton pump inhibitors are taken twice daily. These will again be drugs such as Omeprazole, Pariet, Nexium.
2. Four times a day you will need to take a medication such as De-nol (bismuth subcitrate).
3. The drug Metronidazole is prescribed three times a day.
4. For complete cure, you will also need to take the drug Tetracycline, which is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, four times a day.

Actions after completion of treatment

Once the basic treatment regimen for Helicobacter pylori has been completed, you should not relax. Next, you need to support your body with the help of medications for a certain period of time:

1. Five weeks, if we are talking about duodenal localization of the microorganism.
2. Seven weeks, if its localization is gastric.

The subsequent treatment regimen for Helicobacter pylori with antibiotics includes the use of one of the following drugs:

1. Proton pump inhibitors - drugs "Omez", "Rabeprazole". You need to take these medications 1-2 times a day.
2. Histamine H2 receptor blockers. These may be drugs such as Ranitidine, Famotidine. Taken twice a day.
3. Antibiotic "Amcosiclav" - 2 times a day.

Helicobacter gastritis

Now we will consider a treatment regimen for gastritis with Helicobacter. What medications can the doctor prescribe in this case? These may be drugs such as De-Nol, as well as Metronidazole, Clarithromycin, Amoxicycline. To work more efficiently, the drug Omeprazole may be prescribed. To improve recovery processes in the stomach, you can take medications such as Solcoseryl and Gastrofarm.

Main side effects

If the Helicobacter pylori treatment regimen described above was used, it is worth mentioning that the drugs can also cause some side effects. I would like to separately talk about some of them:

1. If the patient took Omeprazole, bismuth, or Tetracycline, flatulence, diarrhea, dizziness, dark stools, and increased renal failure are possible.
2. If the patient took a medication such as Metronidazole, the following side symptoms may occur: vomiting, headache, fever.
3. While taking Amoxicycline, pseudomembronous colitis may develop, there may be diarrhea, and a rash.
4. When taking Clarithromycin, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, and pseudomembranous colitis are possible.

Efficiency mark

What is important if treatment for Helicobacter is proposed? Treatment regimen, as well as assessment of its effectiveness:

1. An important indicator is the disappearance of pain.
2. Dyspeptic syndrome (unpleasant sensations in the upper abdomen) should disappear.
3. Well, the most important thing is the complete disappearance of the causative agent of the disease - Helicobacter pylori.

Small conclusions

It is also worth mentioning that doctors are still arguing about which treatment regimen is best to choose. After all, complete destruction of the Helicobacter pylori bacterium is possible only with the use of a large number of different antibiotics (the microorganism can be resistant to most). And this is very harmful to the body. If the patient previously took a certain antibiotic, treatment with it will no longer be completely effective. In addition, this can lead to the death of intestinal microflora, which in itself is also very harmful to the patient’s health.