Breaks the big toe on the right leg. Why do the joints of the thumbs hurt and how to deal with it. Risk groups and negative factors

At first, they do not pay attention to the situation when the joint of the thumb on the hand hurts. Only the initial changes make it possible to ignore the condition, in the future the situation worsens. It is the thumb that performs the main functions of gripping and holding, therefore it is subject to frequent loads. The female gender is more commonly affected.

Common Causes

Circumstances when pain in the thumb may appear include:

heredity;
injuries, bruises;
Lifestyle;
age;

If in the family a grandmother, grandfather, mother, father suffered from degenerative pathologies, then in the future problems are possible for the future generation. Bad habits: smoking, alcohol, excessive salt consumption lead to a decrease in the immune system and, as a result, to pain in the left and right hands. People over the age of 50 are more likely to experience arthritis and other degenerative changes.

Injury

Another source of discomfort will be injuries, bruises on the phalanx. With a strong blow, pinching near the articular tissues are crushed, the blood does not flow in the proper volume. The pillow may even swell. If the finger on the hand hurts when bent, then the articular tissue could be damaged, and the malaise is only a reaction of the nerve endings. Symptoms: swelling in the bruised area, blue area, fever.

When bruised, strong, pulling. Sharp, sharp at fracture.

Inspection is carried out by a traumatologist, a surgeon. X-rays, MRI, ultrasound are required. A bruise involves taking non-steroidal drugs with an analgesic effect: Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Nise. Absorbable ointments Voltaren, Diclofenac, Heparin ointment. Physiotherapy laser, UV, magnet, electrophoresis. At home, applying cold, dressings with potatoes, onion slurry do an excellent job with the blow. You can make an overlay with Badyaga. The fracture requires a plaster cast on the finger.

The main diseases affecting the thumbs include:

degenerative changes;
infectious-allergic polyarthritis;
bursitis;
rhizarthrosis or arthrosis;
de Quervain's tenosynovitis;
gout;
Raynaud's syndrome;
psoriatic arthritis;

Consider each disease in more detail, as well as why pain occurs, causes and treatment.

Degenerative changes

Tissue degeneration leads to the destruction of the bone itself. The most common circumstance provoking dystrophy is arthritis. It affects both young people and the elderly. It can be provoked by excess weight, hypothermia, tuberculosis, hepatitis, gonorrhea, lupus erythematosus, injuries, smoking. Signals are bone deformation, swelling, numbness in rheumatoid arthritis, stiffness, especially in the morning. In addition, a characteristic creak when driving. Depending on the localization, the phalanx of the left hand or the right hand may hurt. The acute form is accompanied by fever, swelling of the entire brush.

Increasing in the morning, strong in chronic course.

An arthrologist, a rheumatologist deals with similar cases. To begin with, he sends the patient for MRI, ultrasound, clinical, biochemical blood tests. Based on the results of the examination, conservative treatment is prescribed. Arthralgia cannot be cured completely, you can only improve the patient's condition. Non-hormonal or hormonal medications, analgesics Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen are prescribed. Severe pain is relieved by drug blockades. Infectious pathology is treated together with antibiotics, injections in ampoules of Ceftriaxone, Meronem. Chondroprotectors Chondroxide or in the form of injections with Rumalon. Decongestant cream Voltaren, Vishnevsky ointment. Ultrasound therapy, electrophoresis, magnet, heating, mud therapy. Folk methods include lotions with turpentine, tincture from the Kalanchoe leaf.

Polyarthritis infectious-allergic

Leaks not in one finger, but in several. Hence the prefix poly. This type causes high inflammation near the articular tissues, the fluid accumulated in them contributes to hyperemia, effusion. Before sending are staphylococci, streptococci, for the immune system they are the greatest allergen. What causes an infection? From recently transferred tonsillitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis. However, not everyone develops this type of arthritis. More often in patients with allergies to these pathogens, low immunity, hormonal disruptions, genetic predisposition. Indicate arthralgia itching, swelling, redness, fever.

Moderate, occurs and resolves without treatment. Then it grows again.

The disease is insidious in that even without proper treatment it can pass without a trace. Polyarthritis will not go away completely, it is prone to relapses. An arthrologist, a rheumatologist directs to take a blood test, urine test, X-ray, ultrasound, a tank of biological tissue seeding, analysis for gonorrhea, dysentery, brucellosis, synovial content sampling. Antibiotics of the penicillin group, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Aspirin, Brufen, Ibuprofen are prescribed. Antihistamines Suprastin, Diphenhydramine. Additionally, multivitamin complexes, a therapeutic diet that excludes an allergenic range of products. The diet should not include chocolate, ice cream, red vegetables and fruits, fatty foods. Diathermy, ultraviolet, paraffin baths, exercise therapy are shown. The course of treatment is long from 2 months to six months.

Bursitis

If the thumb on the hand hurts after an injury, hypothermia, infections, hormonal disorders, then this may indicate bursitis. The thumb swells up, if you press on the place, then there are painful sensations. The brush itself acquires a slightly different color, becomes red or cyanotic. A hot area is observed, movements are limited. If the bursitis was caused by a bruise, one should be wary of the development of purulent bursitis. He is recognized by headaches, nausea, general malaise, ailments in the limbs.

Strong, especially if you press on the existing swelling on the joints of the joint.

The surgeon, orthopedist studies the patient, and then sends him for X-ray, computed tomography, MRI, puncture of the joint mass. Medical treatment is used with the help of NSAIDs Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Brufen. Local cream Voltaren. Purulent disease is stopped by antibiotics. Magnetic therapy, paraffin baths, heating, UHF, electrophoresis, complex exercises, gymnastics perfectly accelerate recovery. Folk methods recommend treating pain in the joint of the thumb with bandages with an infusion of medicinal herbs with anti-inflammatory properties. These include lemon balm, St. John's wort.

Rhizarthrosis or arthrosis

Rhizarthrosis is a chronic course of arthrosis. Symptoms are similar to arthrosis. Both contribute to degenerative changes in cartilage. The reasons for when the joint of the thumb hurts with these pathologies will be injuries, improper diet, obesity, congenital dysplasia of the articular joints, metabolic failure. The lack of therapy leads to the growth of osteophytes, they interfere with the full mobility of the phalanx. Signs of rhizarthrosis hotness of the area, redness, the joint may swell, a distinctive crunch when bending.

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The initial manifestation is marked by not high pains, the chronic phase is marked by sharp, sharp sensations with periodic subsidence.

An atrologist, a rheumatologist examines, gives the patient referrals for x-rays, MRI, computed tomography, biochemical, clinical blood tests. Excluding other ailments, non-steroidal drugs Meloxicam, Ortofen, Diclofenac, Ketanov, Nimesulide are prescribed. To restore the level of synovial content, cartilage material, chondroprotectors Chondroxide, Glucosamine are prescribed. Magnet, electrophoresis, paraffin applications, ozocerite baths. Mandatory balanced diet containing a lot of protein, magnesium, potassium. Gentle percussion massage will improve blood circulation in the limbs. With rhizarthrosis, balneotherapy, treatment with clay and leeches is also recommended. In the last stage, arthrodesis, arthroscopy, and endoprosthesis are needed.

Tenosynovitis de Quervain

In medicine, it is called stenosing tendovaginitis. It appears due to compression of the tendons of the abductor longus muscle and the extensor of the first limb. Only the thumb and long muscles are affected. Causes of tenosynovitis are bruises, rheumatism, infections of the synovial vagina of the hand, hereditary factors.

Moderate, aggravated by pressing the joint to the palm.

The orthopedist listens carefully to the patient's complaints. For a complete clinical picture, x-rays, MRI, KM, blood tests are needed. NSAIDs are prescribed in the form of ointments, tablets, injections, as well as injections with glucocorticosteroid hormones. A favorable outcome is given by magnetotherapy, mud therapy, massage, the imposition of an orthosis on the main joint, physiotherapy exercises. At home, you can make your own medicinal potion with calendula flowers by mixing them with petroleum jelly or baby cream. The resulting product is applied to the site, left overnight under a bandage. Another method of curing rhizarthrosis is wormwood.

Gout

Gout is called the deposits of urinary crystals in the bone joints on the right and left hand. However, sometimes the pathology is localized only on one limb. The risk group includes men and women over 40 years of age. Gout provocateurs are heredity, malnutrition, bad habits, extra pounds, diabetes mellitus. Differences in the disease are fever, redness, swelling, subcutaneous tophi nodes. The latter consist of urates or salts of uric acids. Visible visual seals.

High, burning, attacks increase during exacerbations.

When examining a patient, the therapist sends him to narrower specialists. A rheumatologist will need radiography, MRI, ultrasound, computed tomography, clinical, biochemical blood tests, urinalysis, synovial fluid sample. Treatment involves a group of anti-inflammatory drugs Phenylbutazone, Naproxen, Indomethacin, Colchicine. Uricodepressants Allopurinol, uricosuric. The action of the latter is aimed at increasing the clearance of urates in the kidneys. Outwardly creams, applications with Dimexide, mud therapy, balneotherapy, diet. The correct diet does not allow the use of fatty, spicy, salty, smoked meats.

Raynaud's syndrome

Vasopathic disease. Vasoconstriction affects the lower and upper extremities. The disease is rare, in about 3-5%, women suffer more. Factors leading to Raynaud's syndrome are endocrine, occupational pathologies, blood pathologies, vasculitis, lupus erythematosus, nervous disorders, atherosclerosis. It is impossible to confuse the color of the brushes. Fingertips become white or bluish. The first phase is characterized by attacks once a year, numbness in the affected area.

Tingling, burning. The second and third degree speaks with strong painful sensations.

The phlebologist studies the patient's history. A clinical, biochemical blood test will be required. Ultrasound of the kidneys, consultations with a rheumatologist, cardiologist, rheovasography, plethysmography. Diagnosis of Raynaud's syndrome requires the treatment of the main source, the use of drugs that dilate blood vessels, which reduce thrombosis. These include Nifedipine, Vazaprostan, Trental, Verapamil. Non-steroidal class of medications Ibuprofen, Butadion, Reopirin, Indomethacin. From folk methods, baths with needles, contrast baths with alternating cold and hot water are distinguished. Onion compresses, applications with aloe juice.

Psoriatic arthritis

Psoriatic arthritis often becomes a prerequisite for why joint pain has arisen. One of the causes of such arthralgia is psoriasis. Skin disease, the motivation for it is stress, fears, emotional overstrain. Therefore, psoriasis is often called a psychosomatic disease. Injuries, medications used for hypertension, alcohol, smoking, viral etiology can serve as the culprits. The classic signs of psoriarthritis are tumors, reddened area, fever, pain depending on the lesion on the right or left hand, morning stiffness, peeling of the skin, deformation of the nail plates, itching.

Mild to acute, increasing at night.

When contacting a therapist, you will need to consult a narrow profile of doctors, an orthopedic surgeon, a dermatologist. An examination for rheumatoid factor will be required in order to exclude rheumatoid etiology, x-rays, blood tests. Cupping consists in taking non-steroidal Naproxen, Meloxicam, Ibuprofen. Gels against skin reaction, reducing scaly plaques, peeling, regenerating the epidermis. Severe arthralgia is minimized by glucocorticosteroids such as prednisolone. Medications that reduce the activity of developing immunity Cyclosporine, Metatrexate, Azathioprine, Sulfasalazine. The impossibility of using traditional immunosuppressants suggests taking a new development of Otesla, a phosphodisterase inhibitor. A favorable outcome is given by phototherapy, chrysotherapy, and psychological consultations. Perhaps the psychologist will find it necessary to use antidepressants, psychotropic.

Situational causes

Often, discomfort is noted in a particular situation, for example, during flexion and extension. When bending, pain occurs due to osteoarthritis, osteomyelitis, excessive physical exertion. If at the same time the thumb pad on the hand hurts when pressed, then a bruise, blow to the bone, pinching of soft tissues is possible. A typical picture of malaise during flexion and extension of the phalanx is stenosing ligamentitis. This is a lesion near the articular tissue.

When should you see a doctor?

If you fell, then the first thing to do is examine the brush. You can’t move your phalanx, do you feel sharp pain, hyperemia, hemorrhage?

These signals indicate a fracture, a crack.

First aid

The sensation of impact is removed with a cold compress. Taking analgesics Ibuprofen, Analgin, Nise. The mild form requires rest, reduced stress. At home, dressings with Dimexide will be an excellent help. The solution is mixed in the required proportions with water. Moisten a napkin, impose on the territory.

In any house there is horseradish. Horseradish root gruel will help minimize an arthralgic attack. It is finely rubbed on a grater, applied to the hearth. If it begins to unbearably bake, burn, the roots are replaced with fresh leaves of the plant.

Warming up with boiled potatoes. Boil the vegetable together with the peel, chop, put on the site. Cover the top with plastic wrap. It usually gets much better in the morning.

Fir oil has an excellent result. It is gently rubbed into the area preheated with sea salt. Relief comes after 1 procedure. To consolidate the effect, you should not be limited to 1 session, you will need at least 3 more.

Subsequently, they relieve ailments with baths with an extract of pine needles, chamomile, medicinal herbs that soothe the skin, and are good for psoriasis. Rubbing with honey, alcohol, glycerin and iodine. Everything is mixed, it is necessary to use grinding every day. Phytotherapists advise rubbing diseased limbs with celandine olive oil. The mixture is prepared as follows. Propolis is poured with oil, put in a dark place for 14 days. Apply every day.

In conclusion of the article, I would like to say if the thumb on the left hand hurts and swells, or do not pull the right one on a visit to the doctor. To the question of how to treat such phenomena, only a physician is able to answer. Choose the right and effective therapy.

Editor and expert of the site zdorovya-spine.ru. Specialization: general practitioner. More than 10 years experience. City polyclinic, Smolensk. She graduated from the Smolensk State Medical Academy with a degree in general medicine. I love my profession very much.

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The thumb hurts in the joint: how to treat the causes of pain in the finger

The thumb on the hand is set apart from the rest and plays a large role in many functions, such as grasping and holding objects. Anatomically, it differs from its neighbors by the presence of two phalanges instead of three, but this does not affect its significance in the work of the hand. The main load falls on this finger, therefore, there are frequent cases of injuries and pathologies of its joint, of an inflammatory and non-inflammatory nature, which can lead to the fact that the thumb on the hand hurts when bent or at rest.

Causes and treatment of pathologies of the thumb

Some causative factors:

degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the articular apparatus;
infectious and allergic polyarthritis;
diseases of the articular bag;
arthrosis with proliferation of osteophytes;
de Quervain's disease, as a result of professional workload;
gout;
trauma;
hereditary and autoimmune diseases.

Injuries

Pain appears immediately after a traumatic injury, due to sprain or rupture of ligaments, dislocations, cracks and fractures of bones. Diagnosing an injury is quite simple - an external examination shows an unnatural position of the joint and bulging of the bone, swelling, hematoma, and sometimes there may be hyperemia. X-rays show fractures and fractures. Injuries can cause complications - infectious lesions of the joint and joint bag, which leads to arthritis and bursitis, with a characteristic picture of inflammation - pain, severe hyperemia, swelling, accumulation of hemorrhagic or purulent exudate. The general condition may suffer.

The treatment of an injury is typical - usually it is the immobilization of a finger or the entire hand, using an orthosis, for a certain period, which depends on the severity and nature of the injury. Soreness in traumatic diseases is relieved by taking analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In the event of an infection, a course of antibiotics may be prescribed.

tunnel syndrome

Tunnel syndrome, or carpal tunnel syndrome. In almost the vast majority of cases, this diagnosis is made to patients who work at a computer for a long time or constantly use a smartphone. At the same time, routine work is performed with the thumbs for a long time, which disrupts the blood flow in the hand and the trophism of the nerve trunks, ultimately leading to aseptic inflammation and pain in the joint. A characteristic symptom of this disease is loss of sensation in the index, middle and ring fingers.

This pathology is treated by refusing to work on the keyboard, for the duration of treatment and by taking analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and physiotherapy also gives a good effect.

Raynaud's syndrome

According to clinical manifestations, the disease is similar to carpal tunnel syndrome, but the pathologies have different etiology and development. Raynaud's syndrome is also caused by ischemia of the nerve fiber in the hand, but for different reasons. Most often, this pathology accompanies collagenoses - autoimmune diseases with connective tissue damage: rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatism, systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis.

Raynaud's syndrome develops in several stages:

Angiospastic - with cold exposure, smoking and stress, numbness of the skin on the fingers appears, it becomes pale and cold. Elimination of the provocative factor returns the skin to its previous state.
Angioparalytic - more frequent bouts of loss of sensitivity and whitening of the fingers, regardless of the impact of the causative factor. Attacks last more than an hour, after they stop the skin becomes bluish, cyanotic changes over time to redness and a slight swelling appears in the area of ischemia.
Atrophoparalytic - dystrophic changes in the skin of the hand. The skin of the hand is flabby, pale and wrinkled, with small vesicles that have bloody or transparent contents. Bubbles during trauma or spontaneous opening leave small, slowly healing ulcers, in severe cases, the depth of the lesion can affect not only the skin, but also the underlying tissues, up to the joints and bones.

Even “neglected” joint problems can be cured at home! Just remember to rub it on once a day.

The syndrome usually affects the thumb, index finger, and middle finger, with frequent, sharp pain on bending, aggravated by raising the arms.

Raynaud's syndrome is treated after the elimination of provoking factors. During the period of attacks, the hands are dipped in warm water, intensively kneaded, rubbed with a cloth. The course of therapy includes the appointment of drugs that stimulate blood circulation - Plavix, Actovegin, Vasoprostan, Ticlid, as well as vasoconstrictor drugs - Corinfar and Verapamil. In addition to drugs, physiotherapy is prescribed, in the advanced stages of the disease, surgical intervention can be indicated, which usually consists in sympathectomy - surgery on the nerve trunks to relieve tension from the blood vessels.

Polyarthrosis and rhizarthrosis

Polyarthrosis is a multiple lesion of a degenerative nature that affects the joints of the entire hand. A variety of the disease is rhizarthrosis - deformity and pain in the joint of the thumb. Clinically, the pathology is manifested by pain in the joints and the periarticular region, deformity of the joints, which is reflected in the appearance of the hand. The causes of polyarthrosis and rhizarthrosis include infectious lesions, autoimmune diseases, injuries, prolonged stress on the joints during monotonous work.

Therapy consists in the appointment of NSAIDs, most often it is diclofenac and its analogues, these drugs eliminate inflammation and relieve joint pain; an injection course of hydrocortisone and other hormones, and injections are carried out directly into the joint cavity for greater efficiency, patients also need chondroprotectors, for example, Structum, Chondrolon, and physiotherapy and massage are additionally prescribed. Taping or putting on an orthosis is recommended on the fingers.

Rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis of the fingers is an autoimmune disease. Pain in the finger joints can be of high intensity. Pain that persists for a long time indicates changes characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis. In addition to pain symptoms, the disease is manifested by edema and hyperemia of the joint area, and its deformation with subluxations.

The principles of treatment of rheumatoid arthritis are similar to those for polyarthrosis - a course of taking NSAIDs, hormone therapy, physiotherapy, agents that restore cartilage and bone tissue.

Gouty arthritis

Joint damage due to the deposition of uric acid salts due to disorders of purine metabolism. The disease begins, as a rule, with inflammation in the toes and fingers on the hands are often involved in the process. The disease is characterized by attacks of very strong, cutting, unbearable pain in the joint, swelling and hyperemia of the articular region, and the formation, as the pathology develops, of tophi - nodules typical of gouty arthritis in the periarticular tissues.

Gout is treated with a number of drugs that restore metabolic processes with the participation of uric acid salts, for example, Allopurinol and its analogues, drugs are also prescribed to relieve pain and restore joint function - anti-inflammatory drugs and chondroprotectors. An orthosis may be assigned to the thumb.

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Pain in the thumb can indicate a fairly large number of diseases, this must be taken into account before starting to take any therapeutic effects in order to avoid complications. With frequent pain attacks, impaired function of the joint of the thumb, professional diagnostics and appropriate treatment are necessary in order to restore mobility to the finger and the ability to perform its previous functions.

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Pain in the big toe was tortured, there was no time to get to the doctor. Now my finger hurts so badly that I can't stand it anymore, tomorrow I'm going to the doctor.

The thumb hurts on the hand - what is the diagnosis? What to do, which doctor to go to if your thumb hurts

The human hand is a complex motor system. Thanks to its structure, a person is able to perform the most subtle manipulations that are inaccessible even to higher animals. But such functionality is not in vain: a representative of our species is much more susceptible to the development of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, the spine, elbow joint and thumbs suffer the most.

If you miss an important point and let the pathological process take its course, there is a high risk of disability and disability.

What is important to know about possible problems with the thumb?

Thumb hurts on hand: causes

There are many possible reasons why your thumb hurts. In all cases, we are talking about pathological processes.

The first and most likely cause is arthritis of the thumb. This insidious disease is characterized by a symmetrical lesion of small joints, which include the thumb. Unlike arthrosis, the pathological process in arthritis is characterized by inflammation of all surrounding musculoskeletal structures. There are different types of arthritis, the most common being rheumatoid and gouty arthritis.

Injuries. They can also cause pain in the thumb area. It often happens that inflammation of the joint begins much later, when a person forgets about the injury.

Arthrosis of the thumb. A relatively rare pathology, unlike arthritis, affects only cartilage tissue and only one finger. It is characterized by inexorable progression with increasing deformation of the articular tissue.

Hereditary autoimmune diseases. Not the last role in the formation of pathologies of the musculoskeletal system is played by genetic factors. We can talk about rheumatoid arthritis, etc.

Osteoarthritis. It is a degenerative-deforming pathological process. A characteristic feature is the absence of inflammation in the tissues.

Endocrine diseases. By themselves, they are not the cause of pain in the thumb, but they increase the likelihood of developing pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.

tunnel syndrome. A real scourge of office workers and musicians.

All these reasons why the thumb on the hand hurts occur in isolation, but can "go" in the complex. Often there is arthritis complicated by arthrosis, etc.

Risk groups and negative factors

Some people are more prone to diseases of the musculoskeletal system. They are included in the so-called. risk group. What is it about?

Office workers. By the nature of their activities, they lead a sedentary lifestyle and spend a lot of time at the computer. The hands do not like such treatment, so very soon a tunnel syndrome develops from constant contact with a computer mouse.

Musicians. Especially stringers. The hand is also not designed for prolonged tension in an uncomfortable position. Guitarists, bassists often develop the same tunnel syndrome.

Persons who abuse red meat, nuts, alcohol. susceptible to gouty arthritis.

People with relatives suffering from rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis. Of course, the disease itself cannot be inherited. However, the characteristics of immunity are passed along with genes, which means that the risk of getting sick is higher.

Persons living in adverse environmental conditions.

People engaged in physical labor.

Symptoms of thumb pain

After identifying the reasons why the thumb hurts, it is necessary to talk about the symptoms of the most common diseases. Various symptom complexes play an important role in differential diagnosis.

You should not self-diagnose yourself, but by listening to the body, you can draw some conclusions and contact the appropriate specialist.

Pain is the most common, but also the least specific syndrome of thumb joint pathologies. With arthrosis, it is characterized by monotony, duration. The patient experiences discomfort throughout the day. This arthrosis differs from arthritis: with arthritis, the nature of the pain is more acute, it subsides during the day and intensifies in the evening and at night, until noon the next day.

Stiffness of movements. Characteristic of arthritis and ligamentitis. In the first case, patients describe this condition as a tight glove that restricts movement.

Symptoms of a general lesion of the body, such as hyperthermia, weakness. They are found in inflammatory processes: with arthritis, ligamentitis. They do not occur in arthrosis.

Redness of the joints. It is observed in rheumatoid, gouty, psoriatic arthritis.

Deformities of the thumb. Characteristic for the late stages of arthritis and arthrosis.

Feeling of goosebumps on the arm, numbness, etc. These symptoms are characteristic of carpal tunnel syndrome.

In general, the symptoms at first glance are not specific. However, the doctor will easily figure out what's what through diagnostic measures.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis, especially differential diagnosis, presents some difficulties when it comes to joints. A person who has pain in his thumb is advised to consult with a general practitioner or surgeon at a local clinic as soon as possible. These doctors act as a kind of navigators and help determine the further tactics of the examination. Various doctors deal with joint problems:

Urologists (for gout).

Endocrinologists (in tandem with a urologist, in case the disease is caused by a metabolic disorder).

Examinations begin with an anamnesis: oral questioning of the patient is not the subject of his complaints. The task of the patient is to clearly tell everything and answer the questions of the doctor.

After examination and palpation of the thumb, it is the turn of laboratory and instrumental diagnostics.

Instrumental methods include:

Laboratory diagnostic methods are also extremely important:

General blood analysis.

Urinalysis (required to detect the concentration of urate salts, which usually cause gouty arthritis).

In general, these studies are quite sufficient for an accurate diagnosis.

Thumb hurts on hand: what to do

In sick people, a completely logical question arises: “what to do when the thumb on the hand hurts?” The answer is on the surface: you need to contact a specialist and start treatment. Treatment is mostly conservative. Surgical intervention is resorted to only in advanced cases, when the joint loses its functionality.

For the treatment of various pathologies that affect the thumb, the following groups of drugs are used:

Chondroprotectors (especially necessary for arthrosis).

Uricosuric drugs (prescribed for gout).

In the subacute phase and in the remission phase, physiotherapy is indicated. Specific names of drugs, as well as physiotherapy, are prescribed only by doctors.

What to do if the thumb on the hand hurts a lot, and a decent amount of time remains before visiting the doctor? In this case, you can give yourself first aid and take a single analgesic tablet: Novigan, Analgin, etc. In no case should you abuse the drugs, this will blur the clinical picture and complicate the work of the doctor.

Prevention of pain in the thumb

There are no special preventive measures.

It is enough to adhere to common sense and some recommendations:

Do not abuse red meat, fatty foods, alcohol. This is a direct way to increase the concentration of urate salts in the blood and gout (deposition of urate salts in the joint cavity).

You can't overcool. Hypothermia can lead to the development of arthritis.

You can not keep the hand in the same position for a long time. This is fraught with the development of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Pain in the thumb can be caused by a variety of reasons. It is almost impossible to figure out what is what on your own. Therefore, as soon as the body begins to signal problems, you should immediately seek medical help.

Portal Editor-in-Chief: Ekaterina Danilova

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Such a symptom, the occurrence of pain in the fingers on the hands, is a sign of some diseases. A third of them are carpal tunnel and Raynaud's syndromes. A pronounced symptom in these syndromes is a loss of sensitivity. If the fingers hurt, but the hands do not go numb - this is a sign of other diseases, but not Raynaud's syndrome or carpal tunnel syndrome, we exclude these diseases. The list is quite large, but it is not difficult to distinguish diseases.

Polyosteoarthritis of fingers

Polyosteoarthritis or "knotty fingers" is also a fairly common disease. It accounts for about forty percent of all who complained of sore fingers. This disease occurs at the age of 45 years. Cases of the disease become more frequent after 50 years. Moreover, female polyosteoarthritis is much more common. A characteristic feature is the formation of bumps - nodules on the upper joints of the fingers, those that are closer to the nail. "Bumps" appear either in the middle of the joint or on the side. There are nodules in pairs, simultaneously on the right and left hand. The disease can affect any of the fingers. In most cases, the appearance of these nodules is accompanied by pain, swelling, the skin around the joints becomes red. But in some cases, nodules form painlessly. With the same disease, "bumps" are also formed on the middle joints, called Bouchard's nodules. They are spindle shaped. The appearance of these nodules is not accompanied by soreness and inflammation.

Rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis accounts for just over five percent of cases. The cause is influenza, severe stress, colds, infectious diseases. The disease can manifest itself in any person, regardless of age, women are five times more likely to suffer from the disease.

Signs of rheumatoid arthritis:

First, the first joint of the index and middle fingers on the hand begins to hurt, where the finger connects to the hand,

followed by pain in the wrist joint,

Simultaneously, the same joints are affected on the right and left hands,

the disease can affect any joint, most commonly elbows, knees, ankle joints, other fingers and toes,

increased pain at night and decreased pain symptoms during the day,

Often patients develop fever, general weakness, chills appear, and the state of health worsens.

Psoriatic arthritis

Psoriatic arthritis accounts for less than five percent of finger disease. The vast majority of patients, but not all, already have psoriatic diseases - scaly plaques on the skin. A distinctive feature - on the finger all the joints become inflamed and swollen at the same time. The finger itself is swollen and red. Inflammation in this case is not symmetrical, the fingers can become inflamed both on one hand at the same time, and on both, but usually different fingers hurt.

Gouty arthritis (gout)

It accounts for less than five percent of all diseases accompanied by pain in the thumbs. The disease manifests itself from twenty to fifty years. It is mainly the male part of the population that suffers. Inflammation begins with the onset of acute pain. Usually, this happens at night. The skin over the joint turns red, becomes hot, the joint swells. It hurts so badly that it's unbearable.

In a small number of cases, the attack is milder, without redness and with less pain, usually in women. The pain lasts up to ten days, then everything goes away, so that after a while it will happen again. Sharp pain against the background of complete health is the main hallmark of gout.

Tenosynovitis de Quervain

Also, about five percent of cases of pain in the fingers on the hands. In this disease, only the thumbs are affected: the ligaments and muscles become inflamed. At the same time, the disease does not affect other fingers. Occurs regardless of age. Basically, there is pain at the base of the thumb, it can get sick without objective reasons or with stress on the finger. For example, when pressing on a hard object or when grasping something with your fingers. When pulling the finger, it hurts more.

Arthrosis of the thumb (rhysarthrosis)

Also, like the previous ailments, it is about five percent. May occur against the background of polyosteoarthritis. In this case, the diagnosis is quite simple. But one-fifth of cases account for the independent manifestation of the disease. Occurs with heavy loads on the finger, while the joint at the base of the finger and wrist becomes inflamed. It is possible to confuse rhizarthrosis and de Quervain's tenosynovitis, due to the coincidence of most of the signs. An x-ray will help make the diagnosis. With rhizarthrosis, deformity of the bones of the inflamed joint appears, while this is not observed with de Quervain's tenosynovitis.

If you miss an important point and let the pathological process take its course, there is a high risk of disability and disability.

What is important to know about possible problems with the thumb?

Thumb hurts on hand: causes

There are many possible reasons why your thumb hurts. In all cases, we are talking about pathological processes.

The first and most likely reason is. This insidious disease is characterized by a symmetrical lesion of small joints, which include the thumb. Unlike arthrosis, the pathological process in arthritis is characterized by inflammation of all surrounding musculoskeletal structures. There are different types of arthritis, the most common being rheumatoid and gouty arthritis.

Injuries. They can also cause pain in the thumb area. It often happens that inflammation of the joint begins much later, when a person forgets about the injury.

Hereditary autoimmune diseases. Not the last role in the formation of pathologies of the musculoskeletal system is played by genetic factors. We can talk about rheumatoid arthritis, etc.

Osteoarthritis. It is a degenerative-deforming pathological process. A characteristic feature is the absence of inflammation in the tissues.

Endocrine diseases. By themselves, they are not the cause of pain in the thumb, but they increase the likelihood of developing pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.

tunnel syndrome. A real scourge of office workers and musicians.

Inflammation of the ligaments (ligamentitis).

All these reasons why the thumb on the hand hurts occur in isolation, but can "go" in the complex. Often there is arthritis complicated by arthrosis, etc.

Risk groups and negative factors

Some people are more prone to diseases of the musculoskeletal system. They are included in the so-called. risk group. What is it about?

Musicians. Especially stringers. The hand is also not designed for prolonged tension in an uncomfortable position. Guitarists, bassists often develop the same tunnel syndrome.

Persons who abuse red meat, nuts, alcohol. susceptible to gouty arthritis.

Persons living in adverse environmental conditions.

People engaged in physical labor.

Symptoms of thumb pain

After identifying the reasons why the thumb hurts, it is necessary to talk about the symptoms of the most common diseases. Various symptom complexes play an important role in differential diagnosis.

You should not self-diagnose yourself, but by listening to the body, you can draw some conclusions and contact the appropriate specialist.

Stiffness of movements. Characteristic of arthritis and ligamentitis. In the first case, patients describe this condition as a tight glove that restricts movement.

Symptoms of a general lesion of the body, such as hyperthermia, weakness. They are found in inflammatory processes: with arthritis, ligamentitis. They do not occur in arthrosis.

Redness of the joints. It is observed in rheumatoid, gouty, psoriatic arthritis.

Swelling of the joints.

Deformities of the thumb. Characteristic for the late stages of arthritis and arthrosis.

Feeling of goosebumps on the arm, numbness, etc. These symptoms are characteristic of carpal tunnel syndrome.

In general, the symptoms at first glance are not specific. However, the doctor will easily figure out what's what through diagnostic measures.

Diagnostics

Orthopedists.

Urologists (for gout).

Endocrinologists (in tandem with a urologist, in case the disease is caused by a metabolic disorder).

After examination and palpation of the thumb, it is the turn of laboratory and instrumental diagnostics.

Instrumental methods include:

Joint ultrasound.
. MRI/CT.
. Radiography.

Laboratory diagnostic methods are also extremely important:

General blood analysis.

Biochemistry of blood.

Urinalysis (required to detect the concentration of urate salts, which usually cause gouty arthritis).

In general, these studies are quite sufficient for an accurate diagnosis.

Thumb hurts on hand: what to do

For the treatment of various pathologies that affect the thumb, the following groups of drugs are used:

Analgesics (painkillers).
. Antispasmodics.
. Anti-inflammatory drugs.
. Chondroprotectors (especially necessary for arthrosis).
. Uricosuric drugs (prescribed for gout).

In the subacute phase and in the remission phase, physiotherapy is indicated. Specific names of drugs, as well as physiotherapy, are prescribed only by doctors.

Prevention of pain in the thumb

There are no special preventive measures. It is enough to adhere to common sense and some recommendations:

Do not abuse red meat, fatty foods, alcohol. This is a direct way to increase the concentration of urate salts in the blood and gout (deposition of urate salts in the joint cavity).

You can't overcool. Hypothermia can lead to the development of arthritis.

You can not keep the hand in the same position for a long time. This is fraught with the development of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Pain in the joint of the thumb on the hand can be the result of muscle strain due to heavy physical exertion. But often it signals the development of a serious pathology that provokes severe complications. Therefore, the cause of pain in the thumb must be established, and then immediately carried out conservative or surgical treatment.

Common causes of pain

Clinically manifested by pain in the thumb are degenerative-dystrophic and inflammatory, especially autoimmune and infectious. Therefore, in the absence of visible damage to the skin and pain that does not subside, you should seek medical help as soon as possible.

Arthritis

The joint of the thumb of the hand is affected,. The most intense symptoms are characteristic of developing due to a disorder in the regulation of purines. In the area of the joint, uric acid, irritating soft tissues, provoking.

Symptoms of a gouty attack include:

sharp, burning, throbbing pain appears in the finger;
the skin turns red, swells, becomes hot to the touch;
often, specific gouty nodules, tophi, are felt under the skin.

Even more pronounced, the cause of which is the penetration of bacteria, fungi, viruses into the articular cavity. In addition to local signs (edema, hyperemia), there are symptoms of general intoxication of the body - fever, chills, fever, headaches, dizziness.

Osteoarthritis

Pain in the joint of the thumb is a characteristic symptom. It begins to develop as a result of a trophic (nutrition) disorder of cartilaginous tissues. This leads to their destruction, thinning, compaction. Bone structures are also gradually affected with their further deformation. The course of the disease is accompanied by the following symptoms:

crepitus () during flexion or extension of the thumb;
morning puffiness and;
limited mobility of the joint;
sharp pains in the finger during relapses, pulling, aching, pressing - at the stage of remission.

Stiffness is associated with narrowing of the joint space, the formation of bone growths (), muscle spasms.

Bursitis

This is the name of the inflammation of the synovial bag of one of the joints of the thumb due to frequent monotonous movements, exacerbation or endocrine pathologies. At the initial stage of development, only mild discomfort occurs. But soon there are pains, aggravated by flexion or extension of the finger. Other clinical manifestations are also characteristic of bursitis:

swelling, the formation of a small seal under the skin;
sensation of fluid moving when pressing on the formation (fluctuation);
restriction of mobility.

If bursitis is provoked by the penetration of infectious agents into the joint cavity, then the skin of the finger turns red, swells, and becomes hot. If untreated, toxic waste products of bacteria enter the bloodstream, which leads to fever, chills, and excessive sweating.

Trauma and mechanical damage

Pain in the joint of the thumb often occurs due to microtrauma to the skin. These can be cuts, burns, cracks, scratches, abrasions, splinters. Severe inflammation develops, so it seems to the person that the joint hurts. Microtraumas are always easy to detect by redness and swelling, pain when pressed.

Pain in the thumb can be the result of a fracture, bruise, dislocation, subluxation, rupture of muscles, tendon ligaments. At the moment of injury, it is sharp, penetrating. Soreness is aggravated by the formation of edema. And after its resorption, a hematoma forms in the area of damage.

Osteomyelitis

Inflammatory lesion of the bone marrow of all elements of the bone (periosteum, spongy and compact substance). Pathology is non-specific, provoked by staphylococci, streptococci, Escherichia coli, and specific, for example, syphilitic, brucellosis. Clinically, osteomyelitis manifests itself as follows:

severe pain, weakening with the chronicity of the inflammatory process;
puffiness;
reddening of the skin due to overflow of blood vessels;
an increase in local temperature.

Pathogenic microorganisms most often penetrate into the joint of the thumb from distant foci of inflammation (abscesses, phlegmon, infected wounds). They can provoke a purulent process, dangerous for its severe complications, including sepsis.

Degrees of damage

Weak discomfort in the thumb is a sign of a developing inflammatory or degenerative-dystrophic pathology. Usually acutely manifest only infectious, reactive, rheumatoid,. Other pathologies develop gradually.

The degree of damage to the pathologies of the joint of the thumb	Clinical manifestations
1 severity	Painful sensations occur after intense physical exertion, hypothermia, SARS. They disappear after a short rest. There are no visible signs of joint damage
2 severity	The pains intensify, appear with flexion and extension of the finger, accompanied by a crunch,. There is slight swelling in the joint area.
3 severity	Pain occurs during movement and at rest. It is tugging, strong, constant. The skin turns red, swells, range of motion is significantly limited

Diagnostic methods

The diagnosis is made on the basis of the patient's complaints, his external examination, and anamnesis data. The doctor conducts a series of functional tests to assess muscle strength, range of motion, and intensity of symptoms. The following instrumental studies are assigned:

radiography to detect deformation of bone structures;
MRI, CT, ultrasound, which help to detect the localization of inflammation, determine its severity and the degree of damage to cartilage tissues.

To make a diagnosis, the results of general clinical tests and serological studies (eg, antinuclear antibodies, C-reactive protein) are required. Biological samples are sown in nutrient media to determine the type of infectious agents, their sensitivity to drugs.

Which doctor to contact

With pain in the joint of the thumb, it is advisable to consult a therapist. He will prescribe all the necessary studies, and after studying their results, he will refer the patient to doctors of a narrow specialization - a rheumatologist, orthopedist, traumatologist, neurologist.

First aid

Jerking, throbbing pain in the thumb can be eliminated by taking a pill - Nise, Ketorol. If it arose as a result of a blow or a fall, then it should be applied for 10 minutes - for example, a bag filled with ice and wrapped in a cloth. The procedure must be repeated every hour. It is imperative to go to the emergency room for x-rays and exclude a fracture, complete separation of ligaments or tendons from the bone base.

Until the cause of the pain is clarified, no warming should be applied. Under the influence of high temperature, the inflammatory process will quickly spread to healthy finger tissues.

How to treat thumb pain

The severity of any pathology is one of the criteria for choosing therapeutic tactics. At the initial stage of the development of arthritis, either conservative methods of treatment are used, and in case of severe deformation of the bone structures, the patient is prepared for surgical intervention.

Medical treatment

The course of some pathologies is accompanied by such intense pain that taking pills alone is not enough. In these cases, NSAIDs (Ortofen,) or drug blockades with (Diprospan, Triamcinolone) and anesthetics (Lidocaine, Novocaine) are practiced. In the course of treatment, drugs of the following clinical and pharmacological groups are used:

Massage

The mechanical effect on muscle fibers stimulates the improvement of trophism and innervation due to the replenishment of nutrient reserves in the tissues. During the massage, stroking, rubbing, light pressure are used.

The first sessions should be conducted by a specialist. And then you can massage your thumb and entire hand at home.

Diet

Nutritionists recommend excluding alcohol, fatty and smoked foods, including convenience foods and fast food, from the diet. You should limit foods high in simple carbohydrates (chocolate, pastries, lollipops). The daily menu should contain a lot of fresh fruits, berries, vegetables.

Folk remedies

You can not use folk remedies until the cause of pain in the thumb is established and the main treatment is carried out. Their weak analgesic effect will distort the clinical picture, which will greatly complicate the diagnosis.

Prevention

One of the main preventive measures for pain in the finger is the exclusion of traumatic situations, the reduction of physical stress on the joints. Overweight people are advised to lose weight, as being overweight often causes development. You should stop smoking and drinking alcohol to avoid circulatory disorders.

Pain in the big toe affects the mobility of a person, since the fingers of the lower extremities are responsible for balance. When the functioning of the foot is impaired, movement becomes difficult. The step brings discomfort if the thumb is swollen.

To find out the cause of pain in the toe, examine the big toe with light pressure. It is important to understand where pain symptoms occur. If your finger is swollen, remember when it happened so that you can treat it properly. The following examples will help you find out the cause of pain in the big toe.

Most women, having come to a shoe store, think about the appearance of brand new shoes, forgetting that shoes should be comfortable. Incorrectly selected shoes cause inconvenience when walking, causing unpleasant consequences:

When choosing casual shoes, do not forget about convenience. There are models with an original design for everyday wear.

Big toe hurts - change shoes. Wearing the wrong shoes causes deformity of the joint, a sign of calluses on the toe. To get rid of corns, make a foot bath, remove dead skin with a special brush, pumice stone. Pat your feet dry with a towel and apply moisturizer. Repeat the procedure a couple of times a week until you get rid of calluses and serious consequences, the main thing is not to be lazy.

The insidiousness of osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis affects the joints. At the first stages of development, the patient does not notice the symptoms, attributing discomfort to fatigue, and osteoarthritis progresses. The first sign is a mild pain that manifests itself when walking, hurried walking. The pain increases, does not go away after rest. If your finger is swollen, see a doctor immediately.

To determine the cause of the disease, undergo an examination, take tests. The doctor will establish a diagnosis, prescribe the correct treatment. Osteoarthritis is treated comprehensively. Destruction in the joint can be prevented, stopped by starting treatment on time.

After the examination and diagnosis, the doctor will prescribe drugs that relieve inflammation and pain, therapeutic exercises that strengthen the muscles of the joint.

Get ready to change your lifestyle. Give up fatty foods, alcoholic beverages, bad habits. Eliminate stress or reduce it. Forget about long walks, excessive physical activity is harmful to health.

Rheumatoid arthritis as a cause of pain in the big toe

Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by damage to small joints. It is easy to identify the disease - the disease affects several joints. If you find pain not only in the first toe, beware. Often patients complain of body stiffness in the morning.

Contact your doctor. The doctor will prescribe a number of medications:

Non-steroidal drugs that relieve inflammation;
Chondroprotectors that restore the cartilaginous tissue of the joint;
Glucocorticosteroid drugs that slow down the development of the disease.

The doctor may additionally prescribe calcium, vitamins, preventing bone fragility, strengthening the joint.

Arthritis is an autoimmune disease, treatment takes a long time, and is treated under the guidance of an experienced physician. Wrong actions will aggravate the situation.

Diseases associated with the immune system require monitoring by a professional. Human immunity has not been studied. The doctor does not guess the behavior of the patient's body. If you seek help from a doctor in time, there is a chance to recover, if the correct treatment is started late, the disease will only slow down.

Gout causes pain in the big toe

Gout is a disease caused by a high concentration of uric acid in the body, which turns into crystals and settles in the joint area. Gout attacks occur suddenly, manifesting symptoms:

the patient feels a sharp pain;
redness on the side of the thumb;
the first finger is swollen;
sharp pain when bending;
in the area of the thumb - roughness on the skin - deposits of uric acid crystals.

The reasons lie in the patient's genetic predisposition to gout. Men are more susceptible to the disease than women. Gout appears in the stronger sex after 50 years, in women - after 60.

It is worth saying that gout can occur on the basis of autoimmune diseases, kidney diseases. To eliminate the risk of complications, to find out the cause of gouty arthritis, consult a doctor. It is not recommended to treat the disease on your own, this leads to a greater spread of gout.

If you are overtaken by an acute attack of gout, a swollen thumb, treatment in a hospital will help. The doctor will prescribe measures that relieve pain symptoms. Doing procedures at home is not recommended.

To alleviate the condition, dietary nutrition is prescribed. If you follow the recommendations of the doctor, the attacks will become less painful, the frequency will decrease.

injured legs

Often, the appearance of discomfort provokes injuries:

dislocation;
fracture;
injury.

Injury to the toes occurs as a result of a blow, a sudden movement. It is easy to injure the toes, the bones are small, fragile, easily broken.

The symptoms of a big toe injury are clear to the inexperienced person:

Redness;
When moving, pain appears;
The finger is swollen;
A bruise appears;
The big toe is deformed.

Self-treatment is not recommended. The doctor will relieve the pain by establishing the cause of the occurrence. If the big toe is swollen, this is evidence of a serious violation. Seek help after a foot injury. Improper handling of a sore finger will aggravate the condition, it's not worth the risk.

Even if the injury seems minor, go to the emergency room.

The causes of painful symptoms in the thumb area indicate the need for examination in a medical center. It is important that the treatment is carried out by a doctor, this will protect the health of the patient.