Maximum size of uterine fibroids. Uterine fibroids: sizes for surgical intervention and types of operations. Causes of the disease

Uterine fibroids are one of the most common pathologies of the female genital organs. Formed from a small nodule, it can grow to large sizes, causing complications.

Timely relief of small fibroids will avoid complications and completely restore the functionality of the female reproductive system.

Uterine fibroids are benign formations consisting from endometrial cells and vascular tissue, which is localized in the walls of the uterus. Vascular tissue provides nutrition to the fibroids and active growth of its cells.

In the absence of treatment and hormonal imbalance, the tumor grows quickly, increasing in size and can form new pathological foci.

Options

To diagnose fibroids, two options are used to indicate its size. When diagnosed using ultrasound, the tumor is measured in millimeters and centimeters. During a clinical examination in a gynecologist’s office, the size of the fibroids is determined according to the degree of uterine enlargement, characteristic of the period of pregnancy.

According to these parameters, small fibroids include tumor no more than 2 cm, in which the uterus enlarges according to 5–12 weeks of pregnancy. The main sign of a small tumor size is small dense myomatous node, which forms the center of future major sprawl.

On palpation, the node reveals tight stable core. It persists even in the absence of blood supply to the fibroid or unfavorable hormonal background.

With the initial development of fibroids and its small size, along the edges of the node there may be peripheral growing volume. But, as a rule, a pronounced increase is typical for tumors of medium and large size.

A small tumor is a fibroid that has not yet acquired an independent growth mechanism.

Small fibroids are accompanied by the appearance of some symptoms:

increased volume of menstruation;
cycle reduction;
increase in pain intensity during menstruation;
appearance spotting brown discharge;
discomfort or nagging pain in the lower abdomen.

Therapy and prognosis

When the first signs of a small fibroid appear, you need to contact a gynecologist who will conduct a detailed diagnosis and prescribe treatment. For the treatment of small fibroids, it is most often prescribed conservative therapy with the use of special medications and agents, hormonal and symptomatic action.

There are several techniques that allow you to obtain a positive therapeutic effect in the treatment of small fibroids.

A course of antigonadotropins and synthetic agonists of gonadotropic releasing hormones

Today, this method is considered the most effective and gentle in the treatment of small fibroids. This hormonal treatment has several goals:

Hormonal regulation, by reducing the hormonal activity of the ovaries to a level that allows you to stop the development of fibroid cells.
Stopping the spread of benign lesions to abnormal areas, by reducing their sensitivity to estrogen.

The method is used for tumors from 0.5 to 2 cm in diameter. This method is the use of drugs based on antigonadotropins and gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists, which suppress in the pituitary gland growth of gonadotropic group hormones, through action through the hypothalamus.

In essence, the drugs used have antihormonal effect, in which the menstrual cycle stops and all the signs of menopause appear. Due to this action it is observed complete regression of fibroids.

The drug is used for the procedure Decapeptyl, which is intended for intramuscular and subcutaneous administration. The most preferred option is subcutaneous administration in the form of depot forms.

The procedure is carried out according to a certain scheme: the drug is administered from days 1 to 5 of the menstrual cycle, 3.75 mg, then take a break of 28 days and repeat the course. Depending on the characteristics of the tumor, treatment can last from 3 to 6 months.

As a rule, after 4 months of therapy, tumor volume reduced by 70%. In addition to its therapeutic effect against benign tumors, the drug helps restore the cycle and eliminates pain during menstruation.

But besides the positive properties, this method has one significant drawback with irregular use or incorrectly selected dosage, after treatment there is renewal fibroid growth, only in a more active form.

Embolization

Embolization is a method indicated for the removal of fibroids by stopping its blood supply. This technique is used for formations up to 5 cm.

The procedure is minimally invasive surgery o, which is carried out using small punctures in the groin area. All manipulations are carried out under local anesthesia, so the patient does not feel any pain at all, and the targeted impact of surgical needles practically does not require rehabilitation.

During the procedure, the doctor uses several needles makes punctures in the area of benign formation, penetrating the uterine artery and vessels up to 0.9 mm, framing the tumor. These vessels are located on the border between healthy and pathological tissues.

Through needles no larger than 1.5 mm into these vessels a special drug is delivered, blocking the cavity of the artery, and thereby preventing blood from flowing to fibroids. The drug is a mass of organic matter in the form of irregularly shaped microparticles or small balls.

To obtain a positive effect in the treatment of a small tumor, as a rule, one procedure is enough. Within 7 or 10 days after surgery, neoplasm cells die, and the fibroid resolves. During this period, the patient does not need to stay in the hospital.

In place of the destroyed fibroid, a scar is formed, which completely disappears after 3–5 months.

This method is popular and widespread in European countries. This is due to minimal side effects and trauma. After treatment, there is no uterine bleeding and in 97% of cases, normalization of the cycle and blood loss during menstruation is noted.

In two weeks noted after treatment tumor reduction by 74%. In 5% of patients several months after therapy completely disbanded central node.

The disadvantage of this technique is that when the drug is introduced into the vessels, not only pathological tissue can be affected, but also healthy tissue. As a result, it is observed death of healthy epithelium, which can provoke inflammation of the uterus, or the appearance of new fibroids.

Progestin

When a tumor forms no more than 1.5 cm, is prescribed by using progestin-based drugs. It is most often prescribed as a birth control pill, taken once a day.

They are aimed at eliminating the problem by normalization of ovarian function, which begin to actively produce progesterone, which suppresses the growth of fibroid cells. To obtain a positive result, treatment must be carried out strictly according to the regimen prescribed by the drug developer or drawn up by a doctor.

The average treatment period is 6 months, after which an additional examination will be prescribed and, if necessary, treatment can be continued. As a rule, after a full course, lasting six months, fibroids reduced by 55%.

This technique has few side effects and is highly effective. But with long-term use, it should be borne in mind that the drugs can lead to liver dysfunction.

Levonorgestrel-containing hormonal device Mirena

It is used to treat small tumors of the uterus that are localized in it for a long period of time. This remedy can cope with fibroids that have existed for about 5 years. This type of spiral combines therapeutic and contraceptive effect.

The spiral has an inhibitory effect on the pituitary-hypothalamic regulation, as a result of which estrogen production is blocked, and the pathological cells die.

The spiral is a thin T-shaped frame, which contains the hormone levonorgestrel. Throughout the treatment, spiral produces this hormone, releasing it into the blood in small quantities. This type of treatment is only used in reproductive age. Additionally, the tool cannot be installed for chronic inflammation endometrium.

Antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants

These drugs are prescribed to improve blood circulation during the recovery period after treatment. Most often prescribed as an anticoagulant Warfarin, which is taken once a day. To enhance the effect of the drug, it is combined with antiplatelet agent. In this case, preference is given to Heparin.

Both drugs should be used at the same time. During the treatment period, it is not recommended to change the dosage, since a smaller dose will not have the necessary therapeutic effect, and too high a volume of the drug used will lead to to the development of bleeding and long-term healing of the endometrium.

Symptomatic therapy

In addition to the main treatment, during the period of relief of small fibroids, additional therapy is prescribed aimed at eliminating the symptoms associated with the disease. To do this, use the following means:

hemostatics. Designed to reduce the severity of bleeding during hormonal treatment. For this, the use of Etamzilat, water pepper extract and a decoction based on shepherd's purse is indicated;
antispasmodics. Indicated to relieve pain caused by spasms of the uterine muscles. Spazmalgon is most effective in this case;
painkillers. During the treatment of fibroids, non-steroidal painkillers are prescribed, which are aimed at relieving pain and reducing symptoms of inflammation. These drugs include Naproxen and Ibuprofen;
antidepressants. They allow you to improve the psycho-emotional state of the patient, which may be noted during the first time of treatment with hormonal drugs.

Indications for surgery

In addition to conservative methods, surgical methods are also used to treat fibroids. Although, in general, small benign tumors are not operated on, there are exceptions in some situations. Surgical treatment is indicated in the presence of the following factors:

submucosal location of the tumor;
high probability degeneration into cancer;
submucous type of fibroids with interstitial and centripetal development;
the presence of constant heavy bleeding;
excessively active growth in education;
infertility;
necrosis central node.

Middle-aged women often face a disease such as uterine fibroids. It is a benign tumor that occurs due to an excess of the female hormone estrogen. With timely diagnosis and comprehensive therapy, a myomatous node can be cured without surgery. If the size of the fibroid can be described as large, the tumor puts pressure on surrounding organs and tissues. This means that conservative treatment methods will be ineffective, and the woman will have to undergo surgery.

The danger of fibroids is that the tumor can develop asymptomatically for a long time. And only when bleeding begins, pain begins or discomfort is felt, the woman decides to seek medical help.

The neoplasm is diagnosed using a special mirror on a gynecological chair or with ultrasound diagnostics. Lack of treatment and medical supervision can lead to the degeneration of the node into a malignant formation and an increase in the number of tumors.

Sizes of fibroids and their symptoms

It is extremely important for women to understand at what size uterine fibroids surgery is performed, and in which cases one can limit oneself to hormone therapy and folk remedies.

When the node grows, this leads to the fact that the volume of the organ also increases, as during the development of an embryo. That is why the size of the uterus during fibroids is determined, as during pregnancy, in weeks and centimeters (millimeters). For example, a fibroid at 6-7 weeks is 2.5 cm.

Based on the size of the tumor, it can be divided into three categories or groups. There are uterine fibroids:

Small. The size of the uterus corresponds to 6-8 weeks of pregnancy, and its diameter does not exceed 2 cm. Such a node is usually diagnosed by chance, since it is not capable of causing pain or other signs of illness. Uterine fibroids for 7 weeks do not require surgical removal; it will be more effective to simply treat it. The doctor will prescribe a course of hormone therapy and, using a photo from an ultrasound, will draw up a table (development chart), and will also monitor the size and nature of the tumor.
Average. This category includes fibroids 9-10, as well as 12 weeks. Such a node has pronounced symptoms and signs; the woman suffers from heavy menstruation and pain. Women often wonder, how many centimeters is 12 weeks of fibroids? The size of fibroids at 12 weeks corresponds to 7 cm.

Big one. Myoma 14-16 weeks is characterized as large. You should understand how dangerous a large tumor can be. In this case, drug treatment is powerless; surgery is required. Myoma 20 weeks is a giant tumor that requires urgent removal.

Small or medium uterine fibroids 7-8 weeks rarely cause serious complications after effective hormonal therapy. Neoplasms of 10-13 weeks, even with proper treatment, will cast doubt on the patient’s fertility. There are cases when surgery is required for patients with small nodes.

Even if the tumor is measured not in centimeters, but in mm, urgent surgical intervention may be required. The doctor makes this decision if nodes 8-15 mm have legs. Tumors with this structure tend to twist and cause severe pain. Uterine fibroids of 3 cm should be excised if the tumor is located in a dangerous or hard-to-reach place. If such a serous node reaches a size of 5-6 cm, it will be extremely difficult to remove it without damaging the organ.

Indications for surgery

A woman, having heard that she has been diagnosed with uterine fibroids for 8 weeks, always tries to find out all the options and methods of treatment. Unfortunately, it is sometimes impossible to do without surgery.

Doctors have identified several indications when a tumor is definitely removed:

Uterine fibroids 12 weeks (60 mm in diameter). Such a node threatens the health and life of the patient. Sometimes not one tumor is found, but several medium-sized nodes. When diagnosing multiple uterine fibroids 6 cm, excision of the tumor is mandatory and urgent.
Pregnancy planning. Myoma at 9 weeks often causes infertility or early pregnancy failure. If you want to conceive, you must first remove the node, even if it is only 4 cm. Changes in hormonal levels during pregnancy can stimulate the growth of the tumor. If uterine fibroids are detected 5 weeks after conception, the doctor will recommend terminating or continuing the pregnancy according to indications.

Risk of degeneration. If fibroids of 7 weeks have increased to 11 weeks in a few months, this may indicate the presence of atypical cells. To prevent the node from developing into cancer, it must be removed without fail.
Pain syndrome and dysfunction of the pelvic organs. Subserous uterine fibroids of medium or large size can put pressure on the bladder or intestines, which causes constipation, urinary incontinence, etc. Constant pain and other negative manifestations of the tumor, such as heavy bleeding, are a direct indication for surgery.

Uterine fibroids at 9 weeks deserve special attention, as well as tumors of a different size if the tumor develops in a woman during menopause.

During menopause, estrogen is released in less volume, so doctors often decide that surgery is not necessary, preferring a wait-and-see approach.

What to do if observation indicates tumor growth?

If the patient is not of childbearing age, the uterus is removed along with the node.

Abdominal surgery

Subserous uterine fibroids 9-10 weeks in most cases require surgical removal, less often excision is required for smaller nodes. The traditional way of performing the operation is to remove the tumor through an incision in the abdominal wall.

It is necessary to carefully prepare for the procedure, and after its completion the patient must remain in the hospital for several days under the supervision of medical personnel.

For uterine nodes, abdominal surgery can be performed in one of four classical ways, namely:

Myomectomy or laparoscopy. Small incisions are made in the abdominal wall. An optical device, a laparoscope, is inserted into them. Indications for surgery using this method are the small size of the nodes and an increase in the volume of the uterus for no more than eight weeks. Rehabilitation after the procedure proceeds quickly and is rarely accompanied by complications. The woman retains her reproductive function.
Laparotomy. It is used if the uterus has reached the size of 12-15 weeks and is pressing on nearby organs. After the tumor is removed, sutures are placed on the abdominal wall. It is recommended to stay in the hospital after surgery for 5-7 days. The total rehabilitation period is about two months.

Hysteroresectoscopy. The hysteroscope tube is inserted into the uterus through the vagina. Using special equipment, you can remove nodes measuring about 3 cm in the most gentle way. This method has the most positive reviews among women who have undergone the procedure.
Hysterectomy. This is the most radical method, which involves removing the nodes along with the uterus. It is used extremely rarely if the tumor is gigantic in size, is growing rapidly or is prone to degeneration.

In the postoperative period, the patient is prescribed antibiotics and restorative drugs. A course of hormones may be prescribed to stabilize the endocrine system.

A woman who has had a 12-week tumor removed needs to take care of herself, be attentive to her well-being, and immediately seek medical help if alarming symptoms appear.

The size of uterine fibroids for surgery is not always of paramount importance. Each case is individual and requires a thoughtful approach.

Alternative methods for removing fibroids

Myomas are not always operated on. Medicine has made great strides forward, which means that today women who consult a doctor in a timely manner have access to reliable methods. An effective solution would be laser excision of the node.

This is the least traumatic method, characterized by many advantages, such as:

absence of scars;
short rehabilitation period;
preservation of reproductive function.

The laser is successfully applied to six to seven week old tumors. The procedure is carried out in modern clinics and medical centers. The price of the service varies significantly.

If there is no money for laser removal of fibroids, you can apply for a state quota.

The second reliable way to get rid of a tumor in the fifth week is UAE. Uterine artery embolization It is characterized by high effectiveness and the absence of relapse after the procedure. A catheter is inserted into the woman's femoral artery, through which a special solution will be infused into the arteries feeding the tumor. It has a clogging effect, the node stops receiving nutrients and gradually dies.

The use of UAE is allowed when the size of fibroids is 9 weeks. The larger the tumor has reached, the more unexpected consequences may arise after UAE has been performed. There have been cases where, after arterial embolization, a woman experienced a lack of menstruation - amenorrhea.

Uterine fibroids are a hormone-sensitive benign tumor consisting of myometrial cells. Education occurs during the reproductive period and grows until menopause. The rate of tumor growth is variable and depends on various factors, including the woman’s age, pregnancy and childbirth, and other aspects.

The size of fibroids is traditionally measured in weeks of pregnancy and in centimeters. Tumor diameter is assessed during bimanual examination and ultrasound. The size of the formation affects the severity of clinical symptoms, determines the treatment method and prognosis for a woman’s reproductive health.

What determines the size of fibroids and what affects its growth

Before talking about the diameter of a benign tumor and deciding on treatment tactics, you need to understand what exactly influences the development of this pathology. Why do some women not even know about the existence of fibroids, while according to autopsy (post-mortem) data, the disease is detected in 80% of the fair sex? And why, while some patients benefit from a course of hormones, others are preparing for surgery, and sometimes surgery has to be performed more than once. Why does fibroid grow?

The diagram shows the main reasons for the growth and development of fibroids.

The development of a tumor in the muscular layer of the uterus is influenced by the following factors:

Woman's age. Clinically significant formations are detected mainly in women of late reproductive age, that is, at 35-45 years of age. The older the woman, the higher the likelihood of detecting large and giant tumors. During menopause, fibroids may regress or remain unchanged;
Reproductive status. Previous traumatic births, abortions and miscarriages contribute to the growth of the node. Conversely, the timely birth of a child reduces the risk of developing the disease. The optimal age for the birth of the first child is considered to be from 22 to 30 years;
Taking medications. Some drugs accelerate the growth of the node, while others inhibit its development;
Endocrine pathology. It is believed that obesity and thyroid disease provoke the proliferation of leiomyoma.

Important to know

If an asymptomatic tumor suddenly begins to grow and menstrual irregularities appear, you must report your complaints to your doctor and undergo an examination. The growth of fibroids is always an alarming sign, especially during menopause. This symptom may hide uterine sarcoma.

You can see what a woman with a large uterine fibroid looks like in the photo below.

If there are large fibroids, a woman will experience an enlarged abdomen.

Uncontrolled growth of the tumor leads to an increase in the size of the abdomen, and often such a patient can be mistaken for a pregnant woman, but this is not the case. Nodules measuring 12 weeks or older, that is, extending beyond the pelvis, require mandatory treatment.

How is the size of a benign tumor determined?

Assessing the size of fibroids is carried out in several stages:

Gynecological examination

The primary diagnosis is made during bimanual examination. The patient is positioned in a gynecological chair, and the doctor, having inserted two fingers of one hand into the vagina, assesses the condition of the uterus and appendages with the other hand. The doctor pays attention to the size of the reproductive organ and determines it in weeks, as during pregnancy, and evaluates the surface of the uterus (smooth or lumpy). At this stage, the diagnosis has not yet been made. The doctor cannot see whether the uterus is enlarged due to fibroids or another pathology. For further diagnosis, the patient is sent for an ultrasound examination.

Note

You can determine the enlargement of the uterus with your hands starting from 7-9 weeks. The uterus, the size of a goose egg, is easily palpable and clearly differs from the norm. With subserous fibroids, you can palpate the nodes through the abdominal wall (the surface of the reproductive organ becomes lumpy). With formations of smaller sizes, the uterus is enlarged quite slightly, and the possibility of a diagnostic error cannot be excluded.

Large subserous nodes located in the fundus of the uterus can be palpated through the anterior abdominal wall.

Ultrasound examination

Ultrasound is the main method for diagnosing uterine fibroids. On ultrasound examination, a benign tumor appears as a hypoechoic formation. The heterogeneous structure of the node may indicate the inclusion of calcifications. During ultrasound, three parameters are assessed:

Size of formation in millimeters. For each node, the diameter (for example, 35 mm) and location in relation to the walls of the uterus are determined;
Size of the uterus (length and width);
The presence of changes in the structure of the tumor: degeneration, formation of calcifications, cystic cavities.

Ultrasound is the “gold standard” for detecting fibroids and assessing their condition.

The blood flow around the fibroid is necessarily assessed, and the thickness of the endometrium (M-echo) is determined to identify concomitant pathology.

Histological examination

Accurate data about the fibroid can only be obtained after its excision. The removed node is sent to the laboratory, where its diameter is measured and also weighed. It is not so important how much the tumor weighs - this parameter is not important for further tactics and is only of scientific interest.

Note

The weight of the largest fibroid in the world was 63 kilograms.

Histological examination evaluates the structure of the fibroid and the cells of which it consists - to exclude oncological processes.

Classification of fibroids: size matters

The diameter of fibroids in centimeters and the size of the uterus in weeks are the leading criteria for classifying pathology. The characteristics of this tumor depending on its size are presented in the overview table:

Myoma and its characteristics	Tumor size in centimeters	Enlargement of the uterus in weeks of pregnancy	Leading symptoms	Treatment approaches
Clinically insignificant	Up to 2 cm	Up to 4-5 weeks	Asymptomatic	Dynamic observation
Small sizes	2-2.5 cm	Up to 5-6 weeks	Menstrual irregularities, moderate nagging pain in the lower abdomen	Hormone therapy
Medium size	3-6 cm	6-12 weeks	Menstrual irregularities, nagging pain in the lower abdomen, acyclic bleeding	Conservative myomectomy, uterine artery embolization
Large sizes	More than 6 cm	More than 12 weeks	All symptoms of medium-sized fibroids plus compression of the pelvic organs	Myomectomy or removal of the tumor along with the uterus (hysterectomy)

Classification of uterine fibroids by size allows you to understand what to expect from such a tumor and what complications it may be accompanied by. For example, if a doctor tells a patient that she has fibroids for 7-8 weeks, then we are talking about a medium-sized tumor - up to 4-5 cm. Is this too much? Yes, such education will no longer go unnoticed. Most likely, the patient came to the appointment with complaints of heavy and prolonged menstruation - the most common symptom with medium-sized tumors. The best option would be to remove the tumor, possibly with preliminary preparation with hormonal drugs.

Photo of a medium-sized leiomyoma.

A completely different picture emerges when a woman with uterine bleeding is urgently admitted to a gynecological hospital. If after examination a fibroid is detected, most likely it is a large tumor. The uterus can be enlarged up to 12-14 weeks or more, extend beyond the pelvis, leading to an enlarged abdomen. In the treatment of such a tumor it is impossible to do without surgery, and it would be good if we could limit ourselves to removing only the nodes. A giant fibroid with clear clinical symptoms may be an indication for hysterectomy.

The photo shows an operation to remove large uterine fibroids.

To assess the correspondence of the diameter of the fibroids and the size of the uterus to certain stages of pregnancy, you should use another table:

Fibroids size in weeks of pregnancy	Size of the uterus at the corresponding week of pregnancy in centimeters from the womb	The location of the uterus in the corresponding week of pregnancy in relation to the navel and womb
Up to 12 weeks	Not defined	Doesn't go beyond the womb
16 weeks	16 cm	4 transverse fingers above the pubis or midway between the pubic bone and the umbilical ring
20 weeks	20 cm	2 cross fingers below the navel
24 weeks	24 cm	At navel level
28 weeks	28 cm	4 transverse fingers above the navel
32 weeks	32 cm	Midway between the umbilical ring and the xiphoid process of the sternum
36 weeks	36 cm	At the level of the xiphoid process of the sternum and the edge of the costal arch

Schematic representation of the height of the uterine fundus depending on the weeks of pregnancy.

It is almost impossible to draw a parallel between the size of fibroids and the size of the uterus. The volume of the uterus increases due to all the nodes located in the muscular and subserous layer. In this case, the diameter of one formation may be insignificant. On the contrary, with a single fibromyoma of large size, the uterus can extend beyond the pelvis, reaching the navel or ribs. In practice, such giant tumors are rare, since when they reach a size of 3-4 cm, the formation causes considerable discomfort and becomes a reason for a visit to the doctor.

What affects the size of a uterine tumor?

The size of the myomatous node determines not only the features of the clinical picture of the disease. The size of the tumor determines the likelihood of complications, as well as the choice of treatment tactics.

Conceiving a child and the course of pregnancy

Small fibroids, especially those located subserosally, usually do not interfere with the course of pregnancy. A node measuring up to 2 cm does not require treatment. During pregnancy, ultrasound monitoring of the tumor condition and correction of emerging complications if necessary is indicated.

Pregnancy can affect the growth of myomatous nodes and the development of complications, so ultrasound monitoring of the tumor is mandatory.

A formation measuring 2-3 cm can prevent the conception of a child, especially if the tumor is located in the submucosal layer of the uterus. Hormonal therapy is indicated to reduce the size of the tumor or removal of the node using endoscopic access. For multiple fibroids, uterine artery embolization is effective and is the best option for women planning pregnancy.

Medium-sized benign tumors can become an obstacle to motherhood. Gynecologists recommend removing the nodes before conceiving a child. This will reduce the risk of complications and bring the baby to term.

Large and giant nodes are a contraindication to pregnancy. Such formations are usually accompanied by infertility. Even if a woman manages to conceive a child with fibroids of 6 cm in diameter, the chances of a successful outcome are low. Spontaneous miscarriage, improper attachment of the placenta, delayed fetal development - this is just a small list of problems that await the patient during pregnancy against the background of large fibroids.

If a woman has uterine fibroids, she should undergo examinations before pregnancy to avoid the development of complications.

Complications of the disease

The larger the tumor size, the greater the likelihood of developing undesirable consequences:

Compression of the pelvic organs - bladder and rectum - with the appearance of corresponding symptoms (impaired urination, constipation);
Heavy uterine bleeding leading to anemia. Massive blood loss threatens the woman’s life;
Malnutrition of the node with subsequent necrosis. Degenerative changes can be tracked by ultrasound, but not all women regularly visit a doctor. Necrosis of fibroids makes itself felt by acute pain in the lower abdomen. The condition is life-threatening and requires urgent surgery;
Tumor infection. It occurs against the background of necrosis and is accompanied by an increase in body temperature. Is an indication for surgical treatment;
Torsion of the legs of submucosal or subserous fibroids with impaired blood flow in it. Accompanied by severe pain and bleeding and requires emergency surgery;
Tumor malignancy. The fact that fibroids have degenerated into sarcoma has not been proven, but oncological alertness remains. Large formations with rapid growth, especially in menopause, require close monitoring, since this symptom may hide a malignant tumor.

This is what a subserous necrotic myomatous node looks like.

Large fibroids must be operated on to avoid the development of dangerous complications. Before surgery you should follow some recommendations:

Do not create conditions to increase blood flow in the tumor. You cannot engage in heavy physical work and sports (do exercises to strengthen the abs and pelvic muscles), or get carried away with visiting the sauna and bathhouse;
A doctor of any specialty who sees a patient with fibroids must know that she has this disease. Some medications accelerate the growth of the node;
Do not self-medicate. Folk remedies will not help remove the tumor. Natural dietary supplements based on phytoestrogens can even provoke its proliferation.

Important to know

Uterine fibroids measuring 12 weeks or more cannot shrink on their own and disappear without leaving a trace. It is impossible to do without surgery for large nodes. The disease must be treated on time, this is the only way to avoid the development of complications.

To date, there are no methods that can reliably stop the growth of myomatous nodes. The use of hormones provides a temporary effect, but after stopping the drug, the fibroids begin to grow again. Radical removal of the tumor solves the problem, but the possibility of relapse cannot be ruled out. A 100% positive result is achieved only by removal of the uterus along with the tumor, but this is not the method that young women dream of. The issue of treating fibroids is finally decided after a full examination and assessment of all risk factors.

Useful video about fibroids and description of myomectomy surgery

Visualization of the size of myomatous nodes

Fibroids are a benign tumor growing in the uterine myometrium (muscular layer of the organ). The age of the disease ranges from 20 to 70 years, but the majority of patients are from the middle age category.

Doctors believe that the main reason for the formation of uterine fibroids is changes in the patient’s hormonal levels.

After uterine fibroids have been diagnosed, the question arises about its size. After all, the treatment depends on how many large tumors were discovered, what type they are, and their size in weeks. In order to determine the size of uterine fibroids in weeks, you need to do an ultrasound. It is believed that large fibroids, the size of which is more than 12-16 weeks (more than 6 cm or 60 mm), must be operated on without fail: such nodes are dangerous for the patient’s life, especially if there are many of them. Tumors less than 10-11 (2-6 cm or 20-60 mm) obstetric weeks are not subject to mandatory surgical intervention; they can be treated conservatively (medicines, physiotherapy, diet).

Classification of fibroids by size

The size of the tumor is determined using ultrasound in centimeters or weeks.

Since, as the myomatous node progresses, it enlarges the uterine cavity, as does the baby growing in it, in medicine it is customary to compare its size with the weeks of pregnancy.

The following table of correspondence between the height of the uterine fundus and the period will help determine the size of the tumor in mm or cm:

Duration in weeks	Uterus size in cm
8-9	8-9
10-11	10-11
12-13	10-11
14-15	12-13
16-17	14-19
18-19	16-21
20-21	18-24
22-23	21-25
24-25	23-27
26-27	25-28
28-29	26-31
30-31	29-32
32-33	31-33
34-35	32-33
36-37	32-37
38-39	35-38
40-41	34-35

Based on these data, doctors differentiate uterine fibroids into three types:

Small: size up to 2 cm (up to 20 mm) – 4 weeks;
Medium tumor: size from 2 cm to 6 cm (from 20 mm to 60 mm) – 10-11 weeks;
Large fibroids: size over 6 cm (over 60 mm) – 12-16 or more weeks of pregnancy.

Symptoms and dimensions

Uterine fibroids in the early stages (up to 2 cm or 20 mm in size) do not make themselves felt. But as the tumor grows and after it reaches a large size (10-12 weeks or 50 mm or more), the following symptoms begin to appear:

Heavy menstrual bleeding with severe pain that is not relieved by painkillers;
If the tumor is large (more than 12 weeks), the uterus begins to enlarge and the lower abdomen swells accordingly. The patient’s weight remains at the same level;
If a woman is diagnosed with pedunculated fibroids, when it is torsioned, sharp pain in the abdomen may occur. This means that the blood flow in the tumor body is impaired and is fraught with peritonitis;
Large nodes in the uterus (10-20 weeks or more) can compress nearby organs and cause problems with bowel movements (chronic constipation) and urination (frequent urge to go to the toilet), pain in the lower back, heart and lower extremities (as well as their numbness) when compressed nerve endings near the rectum;
Large fibroids growing on the outer layer of the uterus can form adhesions with neighboring tissues and organs, which, when moved, cause pain in various parts of the body.

Diagnosis

When visiting a doctor, a woman is examined bimanually (visual-manual examination using gynecological mirrors) to determine the size of the uterus in weeks, after which she is sent for tests and an ultrasound examination (it will accurately determine the size of the tumor itself).

In order to correctly prescribe treatment appropriate to the situation, you need to regularly do ultrasound examinations of the uterine cavity. This will reveal exactly how many fibroids are in its cavity, what size they are in weeks and centimeters, and at what speed they are progressing (how quickly they grow). The fact is that the rapid growth of myomatous nodes (more than 4 weeks in 12 months) may be one of the signs of the degeneration of a neoplasm into a malignant cancer tumor.

Regular ultrasound examinations are mandatory even in the absence of any symptoms of fibroids: they can be small (up to 10 mm), but located in a dangerous area.

Also, to obtain comprehensive data on the size, location, structure and type of myomatous node, MRI and transvaginal examination are used (ultrasound can be wrong), and a photograph of the tumor is taken for subsequent examination by the attending physician.

Pregnancy and node size

Myomatous nodes of small size (up to 10 mm) will not have a significant effect on the growth of the baby in the mother’s womb, however, it is necessary to monitor their condition during pregnancy (very rarely, intensive growth of uterine tumors is observed during gestation).

Large tumors located in the submucosal uterine layer can inhibit the normal development of the baby (there is much less space in the uterus) and cause various pathologies.

If a myomatous node larger than 12 weeks is localized on the posterior wall of the organ, when the fetus is also attached to this place, the onset of premature birth or oxygen starvation of the baby is possible.

Obstetricians are of the following opinion: with a small myomatous node growing either in the outer uterine layer or in the middle muscular layer, it is quite possible to carry and give birth to a healthy baby.

Tumor treatment

Myomatous nodes are treated with various methods depending on their type and size in weeks:

Hormonal therapy is applicable in cases where the size of fibroids does not exceed 12 weeks. Medicines act in the direction of inhibiting the rate of progression of the pathological neoplasm and reducing its size. Hormonal treatment is widely used in case of detection of fibroids in women of younger and middle age who wish to have offspring in the future, as well as after surgery to prevent the formation of new nodes;
Symptomatic treatment:

Antispasmodic and painkillers (even nodes the size of 2-3 weeks can cause severe pain during menstruation);

Hemostatic agents are prescribed for fibroids of the smallest size (a submucosal node with a diameter of 4 mm can sometimes provoke intense intermenstrual uterine bleeding) for appropriate indications: long and heavy menstrual bleeding, discharge of blood from the genital tract during ovulation;

Surgery is indicated if the tumor has reached a size of 13 weeks or more:

Vascular embolization;

Removal of fibroids with laser;

Myomectomy;

Removal of the uterus, complete or partial, with or without a cervix;

Traditional treatment;

Physiotherapeutic treatment;

Gymnastics;

Treatment with leeches.

When is surgery indicated?

If the fibroid is larger than 12 weeks of pregnancy;
If a woman plans to carry and give birth to a child in the future;
If there is a risk of degeneration of the myomatous node into a malignant uterine tumor - sarcoma;
If the tumor causes constant severe pain that is not relieved by painkillers and antispasmodics;
If the myomatous node compresses the bladder, rectum and nerve endings, causing a lot of inconvenience and discomfort;
If the neoplasm causes constant severe bleeding, against which the patient develops anemia;
If the tumor (even if small) has a long thin stalk: there is a high risk of torsion and peritonitis;
If fibroids interfere with normal urination (constant stagnation of urine is observed);
If, due to compression of the rectum by a large myomatous node, the patient experiences extremely rare stools (1-2 times a week), accompanied by intoxication of the body and bloating with pain on palpation.

matka03.ru

Is surgery necessary for uterine fibroids at 12 weeks?

Today, uterine fibroids are one of the most common diseases in gynecology. Not so long ago, treatment began only after the formation reached 9 cm in diameter. In this case, an operation was performed that involved complete amputation of the uterus (hysterectomy).

Today, doctors have a huge number of different methods of treating fibroids in their arsenal: from therapy with medications and minimally invasive methods of removing tumors, to safe and gentle surgical methods designed to preserve the reproductive function and health of women.

What's happened

Myoma is a benign neoplasm in the uterus, which is formed primarily as a result of improper functioning of a woman’s hormonal system. Uterine fibroids may appear one or several at once. Most often it has a regular round or oval shape, and sometimes a node develops on a stalk.

The size of fibroids can be very small (just a few millimeters) or very impressive (up to 20 cm in diameter). When determining its parameters, it is customary to use the circumference of the uterus, which, when fibroids enlarge, grows as during pregnancy. Thus, on the card the doctor will write down the “mima age” in the number of weeks corresponding to the enlargement of the uterus during pregnancy.

“Age” of fibroids and symptoms

Most often, small fibroids are discovered during a routine examination by a gynecologist or during an ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs. In this case, it does not bring any discomfort to the woman, because its size will be no more than three cm (8 weeks). Small tumors do not manifest themselves in any way and, most often, do not require urgent surgery.

When a pedunculated uterine fibroid is detected, surgery is mandatory. Arbitrary twisting of the leg can cause tissue necrosis and the development of sepsis - life-threatening conditions.

A medium-sized fibroid, equal to approximately five cm (11-12 weeks), can be detected even by a woman herself. Some symptoms of the disease will tell you:

abdominal enlargement with a negative pregnancy test;
pain in the lower abdomen and sacrum;
menstrual irregularities (failures, absence of menstruation, bleeding lasting more than six days);
acyclic bleeding or breakthrough bleeding;
infertility;
miscarriages;
pain when urinating;
constipation

If there are still no symptoms of the disease, you can try to treat the middle myomatous node conservatively. This is especially true in the period before the onset of menopause, when there are still chances for independent regression of the disease.

A large fibroid larger than 8 cm in size (from 12-15 weeks of pregnancy) is simply impossible not to notice. Such fibroids always bring discomfort to the patient, and the enlargement of the abdomen due to its growth is noticeable even with the naked eye.

Large fibroids larger than 12 weeks require urgent minimally invasive or complete surgical intervention.

When is surgery needed for uterine fibroids 12 weeks (8 cm)

The main method of treating a large myomatous node or multiple neoplasms is surgery - myomectomy. Myomectomy is performed in several ways.

Laparotomy is a full-fledged abdominal surgical operation, which is performed through a fairly long incision in the lower part of the abdominal wall. Indications for laparotomy will be: large nodes, severe deformation of the uterine walls, multiple formations. During laparotomy, doctors most often manage to avoid bleeding, completely remove all diseased areas of tissue and make the correct suture on the uterus, which will not interfere with the normal development of pregnancy and natural childbirth.
Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive type of surgery during which the nodes are removed through several small incisions in the abdominal wall. Laparoscopy is performed if the formation is no more than 6 cm in diameter and only on nodes accessible to the laparoscope. Carrying out this type of operation in hard-to-reach areas is dangerous, since the uterus is densely supplied with blood vessels, and any damage to them can lead to extensive bleeding.
Hysteroscopy is a method of removing myomatous nodes without incisions. A thin tube is inserted through the vagina and the cervical canal into its cavity and, under the control of a miniature video camera, the tumors are removed.
Hysterectomy – complete or partial removal of the uterus. This is an extreme measure that doctors take in the most advanced cases of the disease, with severe tissue damage that cannot be restored, with severe concomitant diseases.

Myomectomy helps not only to completely remove a formation of almost any size, but also to preserve the reproductive function of the female body. For rapid recovery, drugs are used that normalize the condition of the uterus after surgery, accelerate tissue healing and prevent relapse of the disease.

myomectomy

There are a number of absolutely clear indications when surgical treatment is necessary:

when the size of the fibroids is more than 8 cm (12 weeks of pregnancy), surgery is the only option;
too rapid growth of fibroids (by 2-3 cm in 12 months);
the appearance of multiple nodes;
uterine bleeding (spotting or breakthrough);
anemia;
pain in the lower back and lower back;
pedunculated uterine fibroids;
“birth” of fibroids (its growth beyond the cervical canal).
death of tumor tissue;
infertility;
miscarriage;
dysfunction of organs associated with the growth of a myomatous node (constipation, frequent or painful urination, impaired blood supply to neighboring organs);
the danger of fibroids degenerating into a cancerous tumor (sarcoma).

Surgery for these manifestations is performed regardless of the patient’s age.

Treatment of fibroids measuring 5 centimeters

For fibroids measuring 4.5.6 cm (age 8-12 weeks), there is treatment with alternative methods.

Laser treatment (FUS ablation) – elimination or reduction of fibroids without incisions and damage to healthy tissue. The procedure involves “burning out” the tumor using a laser beam. The operation is carried out under the control of a magnetic resonance imaging device, which makes it possible to perform manipulations as clearly as possible and completely eliminate injury to the pelvic organs and preserve reproductive function.
The method of uterine artery embolization involves blocking the blood flow to the fibroids. A small incision is made in the area of the right femoral artery, through which a catheter is inserted into the artery up to the vessels of the uterus. With the help of a specially developed drug, the blood vessels are blocked, after which the blood supply to the neoplasm is stopped and its gradual death occurs. The uterine fibroids are then eliminated from the body during menstrual bleeding.

How to treat fibroids 9 weeks

Most fibroids can be treated with medication before 12 weeks.

Analogues of gonadotropin-releasing hormone provoke the drug-induced onset of menopause by reducing the production of estrogen. Treatment can greatly reduce the formation, however, it is more appropriate to use it in women after 45 years, when there is not very long left until the actual menopause.
Combined oral contraceptives are used in young women when fibroids up to two centimeters in diameter are detected. It is good to carry out such treatment in preparation for pregnancy.
The intrauterine hormonal device helps with small and medium-sized formations in the subserous (outer) layer of the uterus.
Antiprogestin is a newer drug (synthetic steroid) for reducing nodules.

It is important to remember that using pills will not completely get rid of fibroids. Such treatment is necessary in order to stop its growth or temporarily reduce its size. Some time after the end of treatment, the fibroids will begin to grow again.

The doctor must decide on the method of treating fibroids. If you doubt your doctor's competence, consult with several specialists and listen carefully to why each recommends a particular treatment. Remember that the gynecologist always evaluates the situation as a whole: collects an anamnesis, studies the medical history and test results. Therefore, if several doctors recommend surgery, do not delay it. Timely treatment will protect you from complications.

ginekola.ru

Dimensions of uterine fibroids by week and in centimeters: when surgery is indicated

Collapse

Uterine fibroids are a benign formation that is detected in every fifth woman. The size of fibroids may increase, which may affect your ability to have children. Usually, regular visits to the gynecologist are enough to maintain your health at the desired level. But sometimes the size of uterine fibroids exceeds the permissible limits, then surgery is indicated.

What determines the size of the tumor?

Myoma appears for the following reasons:

Excessive physical activity;
Constantly being in a state of stress;
Pathologies of the ovaries, due to which the functioning of the genital organs is disrupted;
Problems with the endocrine system;
Presence of chronic infectious diseases;
Genetic predisposition;
Problems with excess weight, obesity. In the photo you can see the degree of obesity, which can provoke pathology.

The size of uterine fibroids may be within normal limits, then a woman only needs constant monitoring by a gynecologist. But there are provoking factors that lead to an increase in tumor growth. These include:

Frequent abortions. Sometimes a single abortion can provoke the development of a tumor, but this is extremely rare;
No pregnancy or childbirth before age 30. The same applies to lactation;
The constant presence of inflammation in the reproductive system of the body;
Constant use of contraceptives that affect hormonal levels. What does it mean? Medications that prevent pregnancy work with a woman’s hormonal state. If such drugs are abused, hormonal levels can change forever;
Excessive use of solariums or constant prolonged exposure to the sun. This especially applies to women with sensitive skin.

Uterine fibroids 38 mm on ultrasound

To understand how high the risk of surgical intervention is, you need to calculate at what stage the pathology is.

Fibroids in the uterus

Small – up to 2 cm or 20 mm. This usually corresponds to 4 or 5 weeks of pregnancy;
Average - up to 6 cm or 60 mm. This indicator is considered normal for 6-11 weeks of pregnancy;
Large - from 60 in mm or 6 in cm or more. Usually relevant at 12 weeks of pregnancy and beyond.

When the formation corresponds to 20 weeks of pregnancy, it can significantly affect the functioning of neighboring organs. Myoma is also dangerous because it can disrupt the functioning of neighboring organs without causing pronounced symptoms. But most often, minor symptoms are still present.

You can see photos of fibroids by size below.

Size in weeks	Fundal height of the uterus	What type of treatment is used
1-4	1-2 cm or 10-12 mm	Hormonal and drug therapy
Up to 7	3-7 cm or 30-70 mm
Up to 9	8-9 cm or 80-90 mm
Until 11	10-11 cm or 100-110 mm
Up to 13	10-11 cm or 100-110 mm	Surgical (operational) intervention
Up to 15	12-13 cm or 120-130 mm
Up to 17	14-19 cm or 140-190 mm
Up to 19	16-21 cm or 160-210 mm
Until 21	18-24 cm or 180-240 mm
Up to 23	21-25 cm or 210-250 mm
Up to 25	23-27 cm or 230-270 mm
Up to 27	25-28 cm or 250-280 mm
Up to 29	26-31 cm or 260-310 mm
Up to 31	29-32 cm or 290-320 mm
Up to 33	31-33 cm or 310-330 mm
Up to 35	32-33 cm or 320-330 mm
Up to 37	32-37 cm or 320-370 mm
Up to 39	35-38 cm or 350-380 mm
Up to 41	38-39 cm or 380-390 mm

Depending on the stage of development of the pathology, its inherent symptoms make themselves felt.

Back to contents

If the fibroid is at an early stage of development, that is, 10 mm-16 mm or 1-2 cm, it does not make itself felt in any way, that is, there are no symptoms at all. If the size reaches 3 cm, signs may appear, but not always clearly enough. But when the tumor grows and reaches 10 cm or more, or from 10 weeks onwards, the following symptoms make themselves felt:

Menstruation, which is accompanied by severe cutting pain in the lower abdomen. Even the strongest painkillers do not help with this condition;
As the tumor grows, the lower abdomen begins to swell. At the same time, the woman does not gain weight;
In some situations, cutting pain in the abdomen begins with any physical activity. This can be not only playing sports, but also playing with a child on the street and similar situations;
When the size has reached 13 weeks-15 weeks, the tumor can affect neighboring organs and disrupt their function. Because of this, constipation, problems with urination, pain in the lumbar region, heart, and lower extremities may occur;
Numbness of the lower extremities;
When fibroids from 13 weeks to 15 weeks and above form adhesions with neighboring tissues and organs, during any, even minor, physical activity, a person may feel pain and discomfort in the joints.

Fibroids are also dangerous during pregnancy. Usually, when the fibroid size is 2 cm-7 cm, the neoplasm does not interfere with the successful development of the child and the easy course of pregnancy. However, in other cases it is worth paying attention to this element.

Fibroids in the uterus during pregnancy

Uterine fibroids can also occur during pregnancy. The size for the operation is determined by the doctor, but the patient herself may encounter the following situations:

The increase in uterine fibroids in the body can reach such a limit that the normal growth and development of the child is significantly hampered;
At 12-15 weeks the size may become too large, leading to late miscarriage;
If fibroids of 5 cm-6 cm do not complicate the process of childbirth, then at later stages of the development of the pathology a cesarean section is possible;
The size of uterine fibroids during pregnancy can quickly increase from 11 mm to 6 cm or more. This is facilitated by changing hormonal levels. This means that the woman must be under constant medical supervision during this period;
In this case, it is impossible to do without medication support. Pharmaceutical drugs are necessary to keep the body in good shape until childbirth;
If therapy does not bring positive results and negative dynamics are observed, then surgical intervention will be required. In especially severe cases, a caesarean section is performed, and after it the uterus is completely removed;
If the size of uterine fibroids during pregnancy does not exceed 11 weeks, there are usually no symptoms of pathology, and the pregnancy itself proceeds successfully, resulting in the birth of a healthy child.

In general, pregnancy does not affect the number of centimeters added to the tumor. In addition to size, there are several other indicators that contribute to the operation.

The neoplasm can develop into a malignant tumor;
The size is insignificant, but pregnancy is planned soon;
The patient feels unbearable pain for a long period;
The tumor compresses nearby organs;
Internal bleeding appeared;
Myoma has an additional formation - a stalk;
Problems with urination began.

But the main indication for surgery is a size greater than 6 cm. How many weeks is this? Most often this figure corresponds to a period of 12 weeks. Read more in the article “Surgery to remove uterine fibroids.”

Typically, critical days slow down tumor growth. During this period, the doctor only monitors her condition. If a woman no longer plans to have children, a complete removal of the uterus may be an alternative.

If the inflammation spreads to a severe extent, severe kidney disease will result;
A benign tumor will become malignant within a short amount of time;
The growth of fibroids will continue, which will lead to even greater pressure on neighboring organs; the outcome of this process can be unpredictable, even fatal;
Anemia will quickly develop;
There is a risk of infertility.

If you regularly visit a gynecologist and follow all his requirements, the consequences of the problem will not affect you. Today there are many modern techniques that allow you to remove a tumor quickly and without consequences. Therefore, you should not be afraid of doctors; this pathology can be eliminated by living a full and rich life.

vashamatka.ru

Uterine fibroids: dimensions for surgery in millimeters and how dangerous?

Uterine fibroids are a benign neoplasm that is localized in the muscular layer of the organ and consists of muscle fibers. This tumor is quite common; every 4th woman is diagnosed with it.

Cervical fibroid is a fibroid node on the cervix, and as it grows it moves into the vagina. This type of neoplasm is rare.

Many of our readers actively use a new method based on natural ingredients, which was discovered by Natalia Shukshina, to TREAT UTERINE FIBROIDS. It contains only natural ingredients, herbs and extracts - no hormones or chemicals. To get rid of uterine fibroids you need to eat every morning on an empty stomach...

Find out more..»

Fibromyoma is a benign tumor that is formed from smooth muscle tissue and has a pronounced connective component.

All these neoplasms have recently appeared in young women; they are now increasingly diagnosed in patients aged 20 to 40 years. Of all gynecological diseases, the diagnosis of fibroids is 30%. Fibroids and other types of nodes are hormone-dependent, since the main reason for their appearance and active growth is hormonal imbalance. Also, any gynecological interventions are considered an important aspect of the appearance of tumors at a young age.

For example, this is abortion, hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, biopsy, coagulation of the cervix. Sexually transmitted infections are also of great importance in the development of such neoplasms.

Many young people begin to be sexually active quite early and without barrier protection. This often becomes a prerequisite for the development of fibroids.

How big can these formations be?

The size of fibroids is one of the main parameters due to which effective treatment is prescribed. They can be calculated in millimeters (mm), centimeters (cm), and also weeks of pregnancy.

The size of the fibroid is its diameter (cm, mm). But also one of the criteria is the size of the uterus, which is calculated in weeks of pregnancy. That is, the size of the organ corresponds to its size at different stages of pregnancy.

According to these criteria, the doctor can determine the approximate size of the formation during a gynecological examination. This is explained by the fact that as the node grows, the uterus also increases in size. Despite the fact that there are many modern diagnostic methods, doctors today still use this method.

We can say that the tumor enlarges the uterine cavity, just like the embryo growing in it. The gestational age fully corresponds to the size of the organ in centimeters, that is, the height of its bottom.

What size does the uterus reach? At 8-9 weeks the uterus reaches 8-9 cm, 10-13 weeks - 10-11 cm, 14-15 - 12-13 cm, 16-17 - 14-19 cm, etc.

The diameter can only be determined using ultrasound, although this method also does not provide accurate numbers.

More accurate results are determined by MRI and CT.

Such modern methods can diagnose myomatous nodes, the diameter of which is only 5 mm.

Depending on the size, the following types of fibroids are divided:

The operation is performed only if the fibroid is of the submucous type, if there is torsion of the pedicle in the fibroid of the subserous type, or if there is a high probability of this.

Also, small nodes can be removed if the patient has been diagnosed with infertility or has developed anemia due to heavy bleeding.

Small formations of the interstitial type do not appear in any way.

Such myoma or fibromyoma often decreases significantly or disappears completely upon the onset of menopause.

But there may be situations when an operation during this period is necessary.

Review from our reader Svetlana Afanasyeva

I recently read an article that talks about Father George’s Monastic Collection for the treatment and prevention of fibroids. With the help of this collection you can FOREVER get rid of fibroids and problems like women at home.

I’m not used to trusting any information, but I decided to check and ordered a bag. I noticed changes literally after a week: the constant pain in the lower abdomen that had tormented me before receded, and after 3 weeks disappeared completely. Uterine bleeding has stopped. Try it too, and if anyone is interested, below is the link to the article.

Medium myoma and fibromyoma

An average myomatous node is diagnosed if the uterus is enlarged before 10-12 weeks of pregnancy. The diameter of such fibroids can reach from 40 mm to 60 mm.

In this case, the conservative method is indicated only if there are no symptoms of the disease, and also if there are no signs of active growth. In other cases, surgery is performed.

With medium-sized formations that are localized on the outer side of the uterine wall, the functioning of nearby organs may already be disrupted. Such nodes can provoke infertility, and spontaneous abortions often occur. This happens especially often if there are lesions of the cervix.

Treatment of a large node may involve the use of complex drug treatment, and then surgery is prescribed. Medicines are needed to stop the rapid growth of the tumor.

When performing an operation to remove a large node, there is a risk of bleeding, and as a result, the doctor will be forced to remove the entire organ.

Since removal surgery is quite stressful for the reproductive organs, after it is carried out, medications are necessarily prescribed to normalize the condition and structure of the uterus, as well as to prevent relapse.

To do this, you need to normalize hormonal levels.

Uterine fibroids can grow to very large sizes. Sometimes it reaches 3-5 kg, and the diameter can be up to 40 cm. That is, it can grow to the size of a full-term pregnancy.

The reason for the rapid growth of myomatous nodes is a hormonal imbalance in the body. But it should also be noted that fibroids and fibroids grow rapidly if the following factors occur:

the woman has a history of many abortions;
there was no childbirth before the age of 30;
other gynecological pathologies;
prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays;
long-term use of hormonal drugs.

If a woman does not undergo proper treatment, then the node may begin to die, which is very dangerous, since all the symptoms of an “acute abdomen” appear, and the woman must be hospitalized and immediately operated on.

If a pregnant woman is diagnosed with a large node, then during childbirth such serious consequences as bleeding, labor disturbances and the danger of infectious and inflammatory processes may occur.

Especially dangerous are myomatous nodes of the cervix, which grow in the vagina. Such formations can cause a woman to become infertile, and in most cases miscarriages occur. If pregnancy occurs due to cervical fibroids, the patient most of the time is under the supervision of doctors in the hospital to prevent miscarriage.

Pregnancy with cervical fibroids may be accompanied by complications such as intrauterine fetal death and uterine bleeding.

If the formation on the cervix rapidly increases and poses a threat to the life of the pregnant woman, then the pregnancy is terminated.

According to statistics, during pregnancy in 50% of women the myomatous node does not grow, in 10-20% it decreases, and in 20-30% the tumor begins to actively grow.

Women who have reached menopause also often undergo surgery. If the patient has pain, sometimes at this age a woman is recommended to have the entire organ removed.

omastopatii.ru

2018 Blog about women's health.

Uterine fibroids are a benign neoplasm that is localized in the muscular layer of the organ and consists of muscle fibers. This tumor is quite common; every 4th woman is diagnosed with it.

Cervical fibroid is a fibroid node on the cervix, and as it grows it moves into the vagina. This type of neoplasm is rare.

Many of our readers TREATMENT OF UTERINE FIBROIDS actively use a new method based on natural ingredients, which was discovered by Natalya Shukshina. It contains only natural ingredients, herbs and extracts - no hormones or chemicals. To get rid of uterine fibroids you need to eat every morning on an empty stomach...

Fibromyoma is a benign tumor that is formed from smooth muscle tissue and has a pronounced connective component.

All these neoplasms have recently appeared in young women; they are now increasingly diagnosed in patients aged 20 to 40 years. Of all gynecological diseases, the diagnosis of fibroids is 30%.

Fibroids and other types of nodes are hormone-dependent, since the main reason for their appearance and active growth is hormonal imbalance. Also, any gynecological interventions are considered an important aspect of the appearance of tumors at a young age.

For the treatment of UTERINE FIBROID, Natalya Shukshina recommends a new method based on NATURAL components - Father George’s Monastic Collection. It contains 8 useful medicinal plants that are extremely effective in the treatment of UTERINE FIBROID. Only natural ingredients are used, no chemicals or hormones!

For example, this is abortion, hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, biopsy, coagulation of the cervix. Sexually transmitted infections are also of great importance in the development of such neoplasms.

Many young people begin to be sexually active quite early and without barrier protection. This often becomes a prerequisite for the development of fibroids.

How big can these formations be?

The size of fibroids is one of the main parameters due to which effective treatment is prescribed. They can be calculated in millimeters (mm), centimeters (cm), and also weeks of pregnancy.

What size does the uterus reach? At 8-9 weeks the uterus reaches 8-9 cm, 10-13 weeks - 10-11 cm, 14-15 - 12-13 cm, 16-17 - 14-19 cm, etc.

The diameter can only be determined using ultrasound, although this method also does not provide accurate numbers.

More accurate results are determined by MRI and CT.

Such modern methods can diagnose myomatous nodes, the diameter of which is only 5 mm.

Depending on the size, the following types of fibroids are divided:

small;
average;
big.

Small tumor

Small fibromyoma is a tumor that is treated conservatively. The uterus can correspond to the size of up to 6 weeks of pregnancy, but no more. Small fibroids range in size from 15 mm to 25 mm.

The operation is performed only if the fibroid is of the submucous type, if there is torsion of the pedicle in the fibroid of the subserous type, or if there is a high probability of this.

Also, small nodes can be removed if the patient has been diagnosed with infertility or has developed anemia due to heavy bleeding.

Small formations of the interstitial type do not appear in any way.

Such myoma or fibromyoma often decreases significantly or disappears completely upon the onset of menopause.

But there may be situations when an operation during this period is necessary.

Review from our reader Svetlana Afanasyeva

Medium myoma and fibromyoma

An average myomatous node is diagnosed if the uterus is enlarged before 10-12 weeks of pregnancy. The diameter of such fibroids can reach from 40 mm to 60 mm.

In this case, the conservative method is indicated only if there are no symptoms of the disease, and also if there are no signs of active growth. In other cases, surgery is performed.

Large knots

If there is a large node, then the uterus has already reached a size comparable to 12-15 weeks of pregnancy, while the diameter of the myoma or fibroids can be 60 mm or more. At this stage of development, the myomatous node is removed during surgery. In this case, the location and type of tumor are unimportant.

Treatment of a large node may involve the use of complex drug treatment, and then surgery is prescribed. Medicines are needed to stop the rapid growth of the tumor.

When performing an operation to remove a large node, there is a risk of bleeding, and as a result, the doctor will be forced to remove the entire organ.

Since removal surgery is quite stressful for the reproductive organs, after it is carried out, medications are necessarily prescribed to normalize the condition and structure of the uterus, as well as to prevent relapse.

To do this, you need to normalize hormonal levels.

How fast can a tumor grow?

In diagnosis and treatment, it is very important how fast the node grows. Rapid growth is noted if the uterus has increased by 5 weeks of pregnancy or more over the course of a year. Such a rapid increase in tumor entails hyperplastic processes in the endometrium and anemia.

Uterine fibroids can grow to very large sizes. Sometimes it reaches 3-5 kg, and the diameter can be up to 40 cm. That is, it can grow to the size of a full-term pregnancy.

The reason for the rapid growth of myomatous nodes is a hormonal imbalance in the body. But it should also be noted that fibroids and fibroids grow rapidly if the following factors occur:

Does this affect pregnancy?

Pregnancy with small and medium fibroids usually proceeds normally. But when the fibroids are large, from 60 mm, then the woman cannot bear a fetus. And also often, even the process of fertilization does not occur, since the node blocks the fallopian tube.

If a pregnant woman is diagnosed with a large node, then during childbirth such serious consequences as bleeding, labor disturbances and the danger of infectious and inflammatory processes may occur.

Pregnancy with cervical fibroids may be accompanied by complications such as intrauterine fetal death and uterine bleeding.

If the formation on the cervix rapidly increases and poses a threat to the life of the pregnant woman, then the pregnancy is terminated.

According to statistics, during pregnancy in 50% of women the myomatous node does not grow, in 10-20% it decreases, and in 20-30% the tumor begins to actively grow.

Indications for surgery

Doctors prescribe surgery for the patient in the following cases:

Women who have reached menopause also often undergo surgery. If the patient has pain, sometimes at this age a woman is recommended to have the entire organ removed.

Are you still sure that it is impossible to GET RID OF UTERINE FIBROIDS forever WITHOUT SURGERY?

Have you ever tried to get rid of UTERINE FIBROID? Judging by the fact that you are reading this article, victory was not on your side. And of course you know firsthand what it is:

constant pain in the side, heaviness in the stomach...
heavy menstrual flow, uterine bleeding...
anemia...
loss of strength, depression, apathy...
change in body weight...
constipation and urinary problems...

Now answer the question: are you satisfied with this? Can UTERINE FIBROID be tolerated? How much money and time have you already wasted on ineffective treatment? After all, sooner or later it will grow to a size where only SURGERY can help! Why push yourself to the extreme! Do you agree? That is why we decided to publish an exclusive technique from Elena Malysheva, in which she revealed the secret of RIDING uterine fibroids.