Having a symbolic name - “First Love”, is one of the most unusual lyric-epic works of Russian classical literature in terms of plot and design. It was written in 1860, when the writer was 42 years old and he was comprehending his past from the height of his years.
Composition of the story
The work consists of 20 chapters, in which the protagonist’s memories of his youth are sequentially told in the first person. The story begins with a prologue - the background of memories. The same main character - Vladimir Petrovich, already aged, is in a company where everyone tells each other about their first love. He refuses to tell his unusual story verbally and promises his friends that he will write it and read it the next time they meet. Which it does. Next comes the story itself.
The plot and its basis
Despite the fact that the heroes, as in other works of Turgenev, have fictitious names, the writer’s contemporaries immediately recognized them as real people: Ivan Sergeevich himself, his mother, father and the object of his first passionate and unrequited love. In the story this is Princess Zinaida Alexandrovna Zasekina, in life it is Ekaterina Lvovna Shakhovskaya.
Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev’s father did not marry for love, which subsequently affected his family life with his wife. She was much older than him, stood firmly on her feet, independently taking care of the housework on the estate. The husband lived as he wanted and had little to do with any family issues. He was good-looking, charming and popular in the eyes of the ladies.
In the story we also meet a married couple, where the wife is older than her husband and lives in constant, difficult to hide irritability due to lack of attention from her husband. In the image of their son Vladimir, we recognize young Turgenev. We find him at the moment when he is preparing for exams to enter the university at his dacha in the Moscow region. The hero's thoughts are far from studies, young blood excites the imagination and awakens fantasies about beautiful strangers. Soon he actually meets a stranger - his neighbor at the dacha, Princess Zasekina. This is a real beauty, a girl of rare charm and a unique - magnetic character.
At the time of meeting the main character, she is already surrounded by many fans, amused by communicating with them and her power over everyone. He also draws Volodya into his circle. He falls passionately in love, forgetting about books, studies and walks around the neighborhood and finds himself completely attached to his beloved.
Many pages in the story are devoted to depicting the turbulent and constantly changing experiences of the young man. And more often he is happy, despite Zinaida’s capricious and mocking behavior. But behind all this there is a growing anxiety. The hero understands that the girl has her own secret life and love for an unknown person...
As soon as the reader, together with the main character, begins to guess who Zinaida is in love with, the tone of the story changes. A completely different level of understanding of the word “love” comes to the surface. The girl’s feelings for Volodya’s father, Pyotr Vasilyevich, in comparison with the romantic passion of the young man, turn out to be deeper, more serious and more piercing. And Volodya is struck by the realization that this is true love. Here the author’s position is guessed: first love can be different, and the one that cannot be explained is the real one.
To understand this problem, the scene towards the end of the story is important: the young man accidentally witnesses a secret conversation between his father and Zinaida, which takes place after their separation. Pyotr Vasilyevich suddenly hits the girl’s hand with a whip, and she, with an expression of humility and devotion, brings the scarlet mark of the blow to her lips. What he sees shocks Volodya. Some time after the incident, the hero's father dies from a blow. Zinaida Zasekina marries another man and dies four years later during childbirth.
It is amazing that in the hero’s heart there was no resentment towards his father and girlfriend. He realizes how majestic and inexplicably strong the love that was between them is.
Turgenev's biographers proved that all the events described in the story happened in exactly the same way with its prototypes. Many contemporaries condemned the writer for openly demonstrating family secrets on the pages of the story. But the writer did not think that he was doing anything reprehensible. On the contrary, it seemed extremely important to him to relive and artistically rethink what happened to him in his youth and influenced him as a creative person. Depicting the beauty, complexity and versatility of the feeling of first love is what the writer strived for.
- “First Love”, a summary of the chapters of Turgenev’s story
- “Fathers and Sons”, a summary of the chapters of Turgenev’s novel
Fokeev Nikita
The work analyzes the content of chapter 16 of I. S. Turgenev’s story “First Love” and determines its role in revealing the ideological concept of the work.
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- Introduction. Setting a goal…………………………….2
- Episode analysis……………………………………………………….3
- Conclusion……………………………………………………………...6
- Literature……………………………………………………………7
I. Introduction. Setting a goal.
Love... What is this? The arrow of Eros, which pierces the human mind and drives you crazy? The tricks of the goddess of love Aphrodite? Or maybe this is a reward to humanity for everything it has created? Or punishment for violating God's holy commandments? Thousands of philosophers throughout the entire existence of the human race have struggled and will continue to struggle with this riddle, because every person in the world has loved at least once. And each in his own way. Those people who love with all their soul, sincerely, selflessly, surrendering completely to the power of feelings, are born to become creators. One of these creators was Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev. This famous person amazed and amazes his readers with the versatility of his feelings. His understanding of love is very colorfully conveyed in his works: love for nature (“Notes of a Hunter”), love for a serf peasant (“Mumu”), love between a man and a woman (“Asya”, “First Love”) - and this is the shortest list his works.
I want to dwell in detail on I.S. Turgenev’s story “First Love”, since I believe that I and my peers are waiting for this great mysterious feeling that “... excites the soul and interferes with sleep” (M.Yu. Lermontov). How to understand that true love has come to you, and this is exactly what will change your whole life, your whole life, how to grab this
an elusive thread, how to have time to say that most important word, because “Happiness has no tomorrow, it doesn’t have yesterday either... it has the present - and that’s not a day, but a moment.” It is unlikely that I will find answers to these questions; it is all very individual. But Volodya’s feelings, his experiences, in my opinion, are close to a modern young man.
In each of his works, Turgenev leads his heroes through the test of love. For Turgenev, only a loving, deeply feeling person is viable. What appeals to me about the writer is that the characters’ characters, their psychology, their views are not revealed immediately, but gradually, in half-hints: through details, a portrait, lines of dialogue, and author’s remarks. Hence the importance of every episode, every word spoken by the characters.
The purpose of my work– analyze chapter 16 of I.S. Turgenev’s story “First Love” and find out what role the episode of the game of forfeits plays in revealing the ideological and thematic content of the story.
II.Analysis of the episode.
Why chapter 16? I believe that it is here that Turgenev penetrates into the depths of the human soul, comprehending its dialectics. In this episode, the main thing is the analysis of the psychological state of the heroes, the secrets and mysteries of the previous chapters are revealed, the characters of the heroes and their future destinies are outlined.
So, chapter 16...
“Maidanov came earlier than everyone else this time - he brought new poems.” The last time Maidanov brought his poems, Volodya appeared in the company of young people - fans of Zinaida. These “new poems” are a sign through which the author wants to show readers that something new has happened in Zinaida’s life. (As we later learn, Volodya’s father appeared in her life and managed to tame her. And something very important happened: the very appearance of a new man meant an intensification of the competition for the lady’s heart). Zinaida wants to tell the whole society about her love: “The whole society was present, in full force...” This quote further aggravates the expectation of something new, completely strange, unlike the old Zinaida.
The compositional center of the chapter is a fairy tale story told by Zinaida, from which we understand that she fell in love. As you know, love changes a person, his essence. The main character of the story adjusted her entire environment to suit herself (“... you are all ready to die at my feet, I own you...”), and here we see that the mood of the “gathering” has changed. “The games of forfeit began again, but without the previous strange antics, without tomfoolery and noise - the gypsy element disappeared.” I want to pay special attention to the words “the gypsy element has disappeared.” Gypsies are a people of free life, prone to nomadism, reckless and cheerful, but at the same time persecuted by everyone and the owner of a difficult life. The disappearance of the “gypsy element” indicates that the heroine’s freedom and riots are over, and Zinaida has found her tamer.
What is Zinaida talking about? About the beautiful love of a majestic, proud, fatal Queen for a commoner. And immediately a comparison comes to mind with another Turgenev girl - Asya - “No, Asya needs a hero, an extraordinary person - or a picturesque shepherd in a mountain gorge.” But let's see, in what settings does the action take place? Sheer romance: music, the quiet splash of water, “a sky with big stars and a dark garden with big trees,” a fountain “long, long, like a ghost.” And all the whims of luxury: a magnificent palace, gold, marble, crystal, silk, lights, diamonds, flowers, smokes. The dialogue between the heroine and Doctor Lushin is very significant here:
Do you love luxury? - Lushin interrupted her.
Luxury is beautiful,” she objected, “I love everything beautiful.”
More beautiful? – he asked.
This is something tricky, I don’t understand.
Beautiful and wonderful...
According to the dictionary of S.I. Ozhegov, beautiful - delivering pleasure to the eye, pleasing in appearance and l: attracting attention, spectacular, but meaningless; beautiful - that which embodies beauty and corresponds to its ideals. I understood that the beautiful is more about the form, and the beautiful is about the content; it is something deeper, more serious, moral, and subtle. But Zinaida did not understand this difference. Isn't this a consequence of her upbringing? The disorderliness of life, bad manners and untidiness of the mother, tallow cinders, broken knives and forks, gloomy Boniface, promiscuity in acquaintances - all this comes into conflict with the pure, romantic, sincere soul of Zinaida. “How much bad, dark, sinful there is in me...” (Chapter 18) “Everything disgusts me, I would go to the ends of the world, I can’t bear it, I can’t cope... Oh, it’s hard for me... My God, how hard it is!” (Chapter 9). And the love of flattery is also due to a lack of education, due to a petty bourgeois desire to feel better than others, higher, purer.
We encounter the same interesting play on words in chapter 21. After the meeting with Zinaida, the father answered Volodya’s question “Where did you drop your whip?” answers: “I didn’t drop him, I threw him” (my breakdown). To drop is to do it accidentally, but to throw is to do it on purpose. The detail is small, but it tells us a lot about the character and feelings of Pyotr Vasilyevich.
From Zinaida’s encounter with Malevsky, we understand how well disposed she is towards Volodya, how subtly she understands the young man’s experiences, how much she values his society and how much she can empathize. For the sake of this 16-year-old boy, the girl expels the most secular man, the count, from her home, showing amazing toughness and determination. A cold look and a cold smile are not at all in Zinaida’s character. But the ability to forgive even the most bitter insults is completely in her character. This clash with Count Malevsky will not pass without a trace for the heroes of the story; it will turn into a tragedy for both the Zasekins and Volodya’s family. It is not for nothing that the author writes about the premonition of misfortune, trouble: “everyone felt a little awkward... from... a heavy feeling. No one talked about it, but everyone was aware of it both in themselves and in their neighbor.”
It is in Chapter 16 that Volodya for the first time acutely feels loneliness, witnesses someone else’s happiness and is finally convinced that he is not Zinaida’s chosen one: “I felt a strange excitement: as if I had gone on a date - and remained lonely and passed by someone else’s happiness.”
But it’s not only our hero who suffers. Happiness passed by all Zasekina’s admirers.
(no wonder he was the only one who offered her his hand and heart):
Would you lock her (wife) up?
I would have locked her.
Well, what if... she cheated on you?
I would have killed her.
Well, suppose I were your wife, what would you do then?
I would kill myself...
And he really couldn’t survive the refusal: “And Belovzorov... He disappeared without a trace, they say he went to the Caucasus.” (Chapter 20) Apparently, he left to seek death...
The girl’s reasoning about what her fans would do if they found out about her chosen one is very informative. Belovzorov, of course, challenged him to a duel. The gloomy romantic, feignedly tragic, full of sarcasm poet Maidanov would have written a long iambic. The prudent Nirmatsky would have lent money for interest, and the vile, two-faced Count Malevsky would have offered poisoned candy. It is here that the premise of the subsequent tragedy lies: only the anonymous dirty letter planted on Volodya’s mother, the wife of Pyotr Vasilyevich (Chapter 19) will act as candy.
As we see, in Chapter 16 Turgenev’s “hidden”, “secret” psychologism is clearly manifested. The writer does not directly depict all the feelings and thoughts of his characters, but allows them to be guessed by their external manifestations. He saturates his narrative with images of the heroes’ actions; it is they who tell us what the hero feels at this time.
We saw in Zinaida a pure, searching, passionate nature, capable of empathy, daring self-denial and protest.
We saw the beginning of the misfortune that would befall our heroes: it was the dream told by Zinaida Zasekina that would push Count Malevsky to a base act and become the reason for her separation from Volodya’s father.
And we revealed the secret of Zinaida’s strange behavior, her “chameleonism”, the reason for sadness and tears, the reason for her sharply changing mood - she fell in love.
Thus, chapter 16 is an important episode in revealing the ideological content of the story.
III. Conclusion.
Turgenev published the story “First Love” in 1860. Many contemporaries perceived the heroine of the story as a girl “devoid of any moral sense.” D.I. Pisarev admitted that he did not understand her character, and N.A. Dobrolyubov wrote that “No one has met such a woman, and would not want to meet.” “The heroine of this story,” as stated in the Moskovskie Vedomosti review, “is nothing more than a flirtatious and extremely capricious and far from moral person.”
Turgenev himself once said: “Of all my female types, I am most pleased with Zinaida in First Love.” In her I was able to present a truly lively face: a coquette by nature, but an attractive coquette.”
“This is the only thing that still gives me pleasure, because it is life itself, it is not composed...” (I.S. Turgenev)
IV Literature:
- I.S. Turgenev “First Love”. – M., “Bustard”, 2002.
- I.S. Turgenev “Asya”. – M., “Bustard”, 2002.
- M.Yu. Lermontov “Works”. – M., “Pravda” 1990. t1
- S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova “Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language” - M., “AZ”, 1992.
- F.A. Brockhaus, I.A. Efron “Encyclopedic Dictionary”. – M., “Eksmo”, 2007.
- Newspaper “Literature” No. 16 dated 04/23/01.
Municipal educational institution
"Verkhneuslonskaya gymnasium"
Verkhneuslonsky municipal district
Republic of Tatarstan
Analysis of one episode.
(I.S. Turgenev “First Love”, chapter 16)
(Study)
Completed:
Fokeev Nikita, student 9
class
Supervisor:
Tikhonova T.N., Russian teacher
Language and literature
1 qualification category
The story “First Love” by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev tells about the emotional experiences of a young hero, whose childhood feelings have grown into an almost insoluble problem of adult life and relationships. The work also touches on the theme of the relationship between father and son.
History of creation
The story was written and published in 1860, in St. Petersburg. The work is based on the real emotional experience of the writer, so a clear parallel can be drawn between his biography and the events of the story, where Volodya or Vladimir Petrovich is Ivan Sergeevich himself.
In particular, in his work Turgenev fully described his father. He became the prototype for the character of Pyotr Vasilyevich. As for Zinaida Alexandrovna herself, the prototype for her character was the first love of Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev, who was also his father’s mistress.
Due to such frankness and the transfer of the lives of real people onto the pages of the story, the public met it rather ambiguously. Many condemned Turgenev for his excessive frankness. Although the writer himself has admitted more than once that he sees nothing wrong with such a description.
Analysis of the work
Description of the work
The composition of the story is structured as Volodya’s memory of his youth, namely, his first almost childish, but serious love. Vladimir Petrovich is a 16-year-old boy, the main character of the work, who comes to a country family estate with his father and other relatives. Here he meets a girl of incredible beauty - Zinaida Alexandrovna, with whom he falls irrevocably in love.
Zinaida loves to flirt and has a very capricious disposition. Therefore, he allows himself to accept advances from other young people, besides Volodya, without making any choice in favor of any one, specific candidate for the role of his official suitor.
Volodya’s feelings do not cause her to reciprocate; sometimes the girl allows herself to mock him, ridiculing their age difference. Later, the main character learns that the object of Zinaida Alexandrovna’s desire was his own father. Stealthily spying on the development of their relationship, Vladimir understands that Pyotr Vasilyevich does not have any serious intentions towards Zinaida and plans to leave her soon. Having fulfilled his plan, Peter leaves the country house, after which he suddenly dies for everyone. At this point, Vladimir ends his communication with Zinaida. After some time, however, he learns that she got married and then died suddenly during childbirth.
Main characters
Vladimir Petrovich is the main character of the story, a 16-year-old boy who moves to a country estate with his family. The prototype of the character is Ivan Sergeevich himself.
Pyotr Vasilyevich is the father of the main character, who married Vladimir’s mother because of her rich inheritance, who, among other things, was much older than himself. The character was based on a real person, the father of Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev.
Zinaida Aleksandrovna is a young 21-year-old girl living next door. He has a very frivolous disposition. He has an arrogant and capricious character. Thanks to her beauty, she is not deprived of the constant attention of suitors, including from Vladimir Petrovich and Pyotr Vasilyevich. The prototype of the character is considered to be Princess Ekaterina Shakhovskaya.
The autobiographical work “First Love” is directly related to the life of Ivan Sergeevich, describes his relationship with his parents, mainly with his father. The simple plot and ease of presentation, for which Turgenev is so famous, helps the reader to quickly immerse himself in the very essence of what is happening around him, and most importantly, to believe in sincerity and experience with the author his entire emotional experience, from peace and delight to real hatred. After all, from love to hate there is only one step. It is this process that the story mainly illustrates.
The work demonstrates exactly how the relationship between Volodya and Zinaida changes, and also illustrates all the changes between son and father when it comes to love for the same woman.
The turning point in the protagonist’s growing up emotionally could not be better described by Ivan Sergeevich, because his real life experience is taken as the basis.
Autobiographical works are special works because they provide an opportunity to touch the personal life of the writer and his family. Such a work is Turgenev's story First Love, which we have to fulfill.
Brief analysis of Turgenev's story
He wrote his work First Love at the age of forty-two, where, from the heights of the past decades, the writer could look back into the past and convey everything on a piece of paper.
Thanks to the work First Love and its analysis, we understand how different this first feeling can be. And most importantly, we observe how this feeling changes people who encounter their first love for the first time. Using the example of the main character Volodya and his strong feelings, we follow their violent manifestations and how thoughts become beyond the hero’s control. For the first time when I saw the beautiful girl Zina, it was no longer possible to think about preparing for university entrance and exams. Young blood is playing, imagination is awakened.
Reading the chapters, we see how the mood of the characters changes, how their experiences change. Volodya is happy, but a certain anxiety is growing, and not just like that. The guy feels that Zinaida has another life and loves someone. And suddenly, Volodya’s father turns out to be her chosen one. The girl has a deep feeling of love for Pyotr Vasilyevich, which is not similar to Volodya’s romantic feeling. This love is more serious and piercing. In the end, Volodya comes to the realization that it is the feelings of Zina and her father that are a manifestation of true love, which, as it turns out, can be different.
The ending of the work is not at all happy. Volodin's father died of a stroke, and Zina is married to another man, and four years after the wedding, she dies in childbirth. Volodya became a student, he wanted to meet Zina, but he got carried away, and when he arrived at the address, Zina had already died.
The plot of the story is based on the principle of memory, where the hero tells his friends about his first love. Many biographers who have studied the biography of Turgenev claim that everything described above happened in the life of the writer and his family. The heroes of the work are the prototype of the writer, his mother and father. And Zinaida was the prototype of the first and unrequited love of the writer Ekaterina Shakhovskaya.
Plan
1. Stories from guests about first love
2. Volodya is preparing for admission
3. Zasekin’s neighbors at the dacha of Volodya’s parents
4. Meeting with Zina and meeting the Zasekin family
5. Volodya at a party at the Zasekins’, meeting Zina’s other gentlemen
6. Vova’s conversation with his father
7. Zina is in love, but with whom?
8. Vova received an answer to his question. Zina is in love with his father
8. Vladimir's parents quarrel
10. Moving to the city, Vova sees the last meeting of his loving father and Zina
11. Father's death
12. Vova is a student. News of Zinaida's wedding
13. Vladimir wants to meet Zina. Death of Zina
Based on the story by I.S. Turgenev's "First Love"
Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev wrote the story “First Love”. It's about two young people
people in love. The main characters are Zinaida and Voldemar. What I liked about this story was its good and touching title, “First Love.” Just by its name, it attracts young people.
The story is very long in content. When I started reading, I didn’t even take my eyes off the book, every moment was so interesting to me.
What I liked most was their beautiful and wonderful love. The most vivid moment I remember in this story is their love at first sight, it simply amazed me. Nowadays, there are very few people who fall in love at first sight. At the end of the story I felt very sorry for the main characters who fought so hard for mutual love. And their love did not take place only because Zina was poor, and before the time was such that the rich only married the rich. Parents could not allow an unequal marriage. I believe that the most beautiful thing in the world is love.
Istomina Nadya, 9th grade.
Essay - review
based on the story “First Love” by I.S. Turgenev
I read Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev’s story “First Love”, which I really liked. This story is about a boy who fell in love, but they were not destined to be together. Vladimir was 16 years old, and Zinaida was 4 years older than him, but, as they say: “All ages are submissive to love.” After reading “First Love” and other stories, I realized that in the times of great writers, love was real, strong, for the sake of love they gave up everything, overcame various obstacles, just to be closer to their love. But the most important thing that struck me in this story is that the author himself experienced this story, and then wrote this work, in which he could tell everything about what he experienced, called “First Love”
Turgenev said that: “Love is experienced.” “First Love” is perhaps my favorite work.
Guselnikova Alena, 9th grade.
Essay - review
This story simply delighted me. It is very surprising that first love really happens. And it is so unique and unforgettable. So many years have passed
and he still remembers her. This love was great, and in this love there was no equal. Unfortunately, they could not be together. Zinaida died, although I think their marriage with Voldemar would not have taken place anyway, because... The young man’s parents would not allow this, because Zinaida was not rich.
Bobrovnikova A, 9th grade.
Composition
Description of the portrait.
Composition
I really liked the story “First Love”. I read it with great pleasure. I thought about every meaning of these feelings conveyed by Turgenev, he was so able to convey his feelings, his sincerity in this story. I didn’t just read, I devoured the pages with my eyes, I couldn’t part with the book until the last page. I was drawn deeper and deeper into reading, wondering what would happen next. It is impossible not to read this story to the end. Once you start reading it, you can't put it down. This wonderful writer, one might say, put his whole soul into this story.
I was very worried when I read the conclusion of the story. I was very sorry that nothing worked out for Zinaida and Vladimir, the main characters. Ah, if it weren’t for Vladimir’s father, if it weren’t for his antics, they would have succeeded, I’m sure of it. I
I think they would make a wonderful, beautiful couple. Well, what can you do, because life is so complicated, and sometimes it’s very difficult to fix anything. In our time, I think such stories are very necessary, because our young people really don’t understand this yet, but such works will teach us how to act.
Baranova Nastya, 9th grade.
