Signs of skin diseases. Skin diseases on the body. What are skin diseases in humans, photos and descriptions with names. Types of skin diseases

The skin is the largest organ of the human body. Its function is to protect the body from infections. But sometimes the skin itself becomes infected. Infections can be caused by a wide variety of germs and symptoms can range from mild to severe.

Mild illnesses can be self-treated with medications and home remedies, while other infections may require medical attention. Read on if you want to know what to do if you already have diseases.

Types of skin infections

Below are four types of infection:

1. Bacterial.
Bacterial - often begin as small, red bumps that gradually increase in size. Mild illnesses are treated with antibiotics. These include the following: phlegmon, impetigo, boils, leprosy.

2. Viral.
Caused by a virus. They range from mild to severe. Different types of viral infections include: (herpes zoster), chickenpox, warts, oral diseases.

3. Fungal.
These types of skin infections are caused by a fungus and most often develop on moist areas of the body, such as the legs or underarms. Some fungal diseases are not contagious and are usually not life threatening. Various types of fungal invasions:, ringworm, diaper rash.

Symptoms

The symptoms of a skin infection also vary depending on the type. Common signs include skin redness and a rash. But other symptoms may also occur, such as itching and pain.

You should see your doctor if you have pus-filled blisters or a skin infection that doesn't go away and gets worse. Diseases can spread beyond the skin and into the bloodstream. This can be very life threatening.

Signs of severe types of illness include:

pus;
scales;
peeling of the skin;
dark, necrotic patches on the skin;
the skin becomes painful and loses its original color.

Causes and risk factors

The cause of a skin infection depends on the type of skin infection.

A good physical examination is the best way to determine what is causing the infection. Often, a doctor can determine the type of infection based on how it looks.

The doctor usually asks about the symptoms and carefully examines the existing irregularities, and the body. For example, ringworm often causes a scaly rash. In other cases, a sample of skin cells can help a doctor determine the type of disease.

Treatment

Treatment depends on the cause and severity of the infection. Some types of viral skin diseases may improve on their own within a few days or weeks.

Bacterial infections are often treated with antibiotics applied directly to the skin or taken by mouth. If the bacterial strain is resistant to treatment, then intravenous antibiotics may be required, which must be instilled in the hospital.

Home skin care is essential to reduce symptoms. It may include the following:

Apply cold compresses several times a day to reduce itching and inflammation.
Reception to reduce itching.
Use of creams and ointments to reduce itching and discomfort.

Ask your doctor what you can do at home on your own.

Prognosis for treatment

The prognosis for a skin infection varies depending on its cause. Most types of bacterial infections respond well to medications. Some strains of bacteria, such as methicillin and Staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), are resistant to common antibiotics and difficult to treat.

Prevention

There are several ways to reduce the risk of developing an infection. Frequent hand washing is one of the best ways to prevent this disease.

You should make an appointment with your doctor if your skin condition causes discomfort. The doctor will be able to provide the necessary treatment to restore health.

Few people know that the human skin is the largest organ in the body. The skin area on the body is about two square meters. Based on this, it is quite logical to assume that the number of skin diseases includes a considerable list.

In addition to the fact that the human skin performs a protective and immune function of the body, it also regulates temperature, water balance and many sensations. That is why it is so important to protect the skin from the effects of various diseases. This task is the most important in terms of prevention.

Below you can find out which of the most common skin diseases can occur in a person and see their photos. Here you can get acquainted with the description of diseases, as well as with the symptoms and causes of the disease. You should immediately pay attention to the fact that many skin diseases can be cured without much difficulty.

Types of skin diseases

In order to classify the disease of the epithelium, it is necessary to have certain criteria that will need to be based on in the future. For the skin, this is how deep from the surface the focus of the disease is located.

The human skin consists of three main layers:

Epidermis.
Dermis.
Subcutaneous fat.

Human skin diseases, photos and descriptions of which can be seen in the dermatologist's office, depending on which of the layers abnormalities occur, are divided into the following types.

They are provided in the table:

In addition to categorizing skin diseases according to their distribution in different layers, some doctors also prefer to classify the infection by nature.

For instance:

Infectious.
Non-infectious.

However, many dermatologists disagree. For example, seborrheic dermatitis microorganisms live on the surface of the epidermis of every person, but the disease can never develop without significant deviations from the normal state in the immune system.

What are skin diseases in humans?

Skin diseases can be of various origins. All of them differ in their appearance, symptoms and cause of formation.

The most common representatives

Human skin diseases, photos and descriptions of which are known to the world, have a huge variety of types, types and subspecies. However, among them, 15 of the most common diseases can be distinguished.

acne

In the common people - acne. The disease is characterized by the appearance of inflammatory processes in some areas of the sebaceous gland, and specifically inflammation of the hair follicles and, directly, the gland area under them.

This is the nightmare of all teenagers, many adults and even the elderly. The exact cause of the occurrence has not yet been determined.

The appearance of acne is associated with propionium bacteria, which are found on the surface of the skin of every person. Their active vital activity provokes a violation of the integrity of the bactericidal mechanism of sebum.

The most common triggers for acne are:

stress;
menstruation;
hot weather;
binge eating;
excessive hormonal activity (for example, in adolescence).

Symptoms of the disease:

fragmentary reddening of skin areas;
the occurrence of painful boils, pustules and small sores;
excessive secretion of sebum.

The townsfolk attribute the latter the name "oily skin."

Dermatitis

The disease is similar to acne, but the causes of its occurrence are different.

The disease is a lesion of the skin, namely:

redness;
ulcers;
ulcers caused by various kinds of aggressive substances, often of a chemical nature.

Lichen

This is a disease of the upper and middle layers of the dermis, which is a scab and a rash, which, if not properly and untimely treated, can turn into purulent wounds. In addition, the symptoms of the disease include severe itching, redness, excessive dryness of the skin.

Lichen is often infectious in nature and is transmitted through an infected person or animal.

The cause of the occurrence is contact with the skin and the active development of lichen fungi of three types:

geophilic (falling from the soil);
anthropophilic (developing and living on human skin);
zooanthropophilic (dwelling on the dermis of animals, both domestic and wild) types.

Herpes

This is a very common viral disease.

It is a small abscess and vesicles of mucus that are grouped in one area, often:

in the corners of the lips;
on the mucous membrane;
under the nose;
on the genitals.

Despite the fact that the disease is very common and can be easily cured with the right timely approach, the virus becomes very dangerous against the background of other diseases. If the patient is sick with encephalitis, meningitis, disruption of the mucous membranes, herpes can become a very serious problem for him, and in this case it will be difficult to treat.

The disease tends to "spread" - gradually increase the area and depth of skin lesions. After the initial stage passes and the disease takes root, the patient's temperature rises, signs of SARS are observed, purulent wounds become larger.

Herpes has many subspecies, complications from which can manifest as pneumonia, disruption of the heart, the development of concomitant diseases. Herpes is a significant blow to the human immune system. Among other things, the disease is transmitted from a sick mother to a newborn child - herpes type 6 is widespread among children.

Eczema

This is a skin disease that looks like small blisters, scales, cracks and miniature sores. In addition to the obvious symptoms, the patient also suffers from constant severe itching. Unlike the previous 4, this disease is not contagious. It is inflammatory and often chronic.

The causes of eczema are external and internal. The first is a chemical or physical injury to the skin, followed by inflammation. The second is the result of various diseases of the liver, nervous and endocrine systems in the body.

Acne vulgaris

This is the formation of large papules, comedones and nodes, as a result of prolonged inflammation of the hair follicles of the skin. Outwardly, these neoplasms are similar to acne, but much larger than ordinary acne in size, an impressive amount of pus and fluid quickly accumulate inside them.

The reason for such inconvenience is:

To cope with their spread is possible only through long-term treatment after a thorough consultation with a dermatologist and passing the appropriate tests.

bedsores

This type of pathology of the dermis is a purulent wound of various sizes. The reason for this is soft tissue necrosis, which occurs from prolonged squeezing of one or another area of the body, as a result of which the flow of blood and life-giving fluids to it is blocked.

Symptoms are as follows: the occurrence of bruises, bruising, redness, and then blue parts of the skin. Bedsores most often occur in bedridden patients, people with anorexia or overweight.

Scabies

One of the contagious infectious diseases, the first symptom of which is the occurrence of severe itching, redness and excessive dryness of the skin. The cause is the scabies mite. You can catch the disease in almost any public place if you do not follow the rules of hygiene.

Keratosis

This type of deviation is rather not a separate disease, but a general condition of the skin, in which a large area of tissue coarsens, becomes horny, and a dense crust forms. The form of the disease is non-inflammatory.

The reason is damage to the skin as a result of prolonged excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays and, as a result, deep damage to the skin.

Symptoms - the appearance of small, up to half a centimeter, solid neoplasms, similar to moles, but flattened and having a hard crust that resembles a corn to the touch. They are localized, as a rule, in a small area, but if the sun acts on a large area of the skin for a long time, then there is a risk of getting serious keratotic foci of inflammation.

Carcinoma

A cancerous variety, a malignant neoplasm that develops on the outer surface of the epithelium. Symptoms are complex, and at first glance, the tumor is almost impossible to distinguish from a mole.

But, if it gradually increases in size, turns red, the skin around it hurts, and the tissues become purple, you need to urgently consult a dermatologist, oncologist and pass the appropriate tests. A provoking factor may be a congenital predisposition or a large dose of radioactive exposure.

Hemangioma

This is a pathology that is benign in nature and, as a rule, pursues newborn children or infants. The neoplasm looks like a big red mole.

In most cases, when its size does not exceed the permissible norm, the hemangioma resolves by itself by the age of 5.

The exact cause of the occurrence has not yet been determined. Symptomatically, hemangioma does not manifest itself in any way.

Melanoma

This tumor is malignant. The reason for its occurrence is the excessive secretion of melanin in the skin tissue. This is done by pigment cells under prolonged exposure to direct sunlight.

Melanoma is extremely dangerous, since the body responds poorly to its development, symptoms do not appear, while the tumor itself actively metastasizes to all organs of the patient. Melanoma looks like a flat, large mole that tends to expand suddenly and uncontrollably.

Papilloma

The disease is caused by the human papillomavirus. This is a benign tumor-like formation. It affects epithelial cells. It is localized in the form of a papilla, is not symptomatically detected and must be removed. There are cases when the number of papillomas exceeds the permissible norm, then you need to contact a dermatologist and undergo complex treatment.

Dermatomycosis

The disease implies a serious fungal infection of the human epithelium. The reason, respectively, is fungus.

It is transmitted by contact-household way through infected people, animals, as well as everyday objects. The affected skin becomes inflamed, blistered, chains of pimples and wounds appear, and severe itching occurs.

erysipelas

Viral disease, often relapsing. The cause and main causative agent is streptococcus. Ways of transmission - virus. Contact with a sick erysipelas to a healthy person is highly undesirable. Symptoms - redness of skin areas, often on the front or legs, fever, intoxication. Most of the time, the disease is treatable.

Human skin diseases (a photo and a description of the most common of them are given above) have their own special characteristics, depending on where in the body they are localized. Depending on the place of occurrence of a particular skin ailment, it can be associated with malfunctions of various body systems.

Reasons for the development of ailments

Most skin diseases occurs due to external stimuli(for example, chemicals). However, often the source of the disease lies in the body itself. Therefore, all causes of skin diseases are divided into exogenous (external) and endogenous (internal).

Endogenous (internal) skin diseases include the following factors:

stress in the body.
Intestinal dysbiosis.
Diseases of the digestive system.
Changes in normal metabolism.
"Hormonal failures" (especially in adolescence).

Varieties of skin diseases

Skin diseases on the face

Skin diseases of this vast category scare people the most, because they cannot be hidden, and they will be visible in every photo. Most often, the description of the features of neoplasms on the face comes down to the following: acne, boils and acne.

Peculiarities:

they are small, but often found, in most cases there are more than 20 of them;
the place where the inflammation of the hair follicle occurs, acquires a red tint, pus often appears;
the general condition of the skin is deplorable - it shines due to disruption of the sebaceous glands and excessive production of sebum.

The main representatives that most often occur in the face area include the following diseases:

Symptoms

All skin diseases on the face appear almost the same. It is possible to distinguish a fungal pathology from a viral one only in the laboratory.

Main features:

small or large rash;
cracked skin;
ulcerative papules;
red spots;
colored skin tone;
hematomas;
burning and itching;
acne;
purulent acne;
internal nodes;
peeling and dryness;
pigmentation.

The symptoms of skin diseases differ from ordinary acne by an inflammatory process. Such a pathology is the cause of the development of disruption of the internal systems and organs.

On the body

The body is protected by clothing for most of the day, which is why, unlike the face and head, it is the hardest place for pathogenic bacteria to get to.

But if some kind of ailment nevertheless appears on the skin of the body, then it will be more difficult to cure it than on the face or hands, since usually the occurrence of a neoplasm is not associated with external irritants of the sebaceous glands, but is intertwined with internal diseases of the organs, and without a complex treatment in this case is not enough.

The human body is attacked:

pathogens

Bacteria, viruses, microorganisms, fungi and even ordinary pollution can provoke the development of the disease on the skin. Due to the activity of the sebaceous glands, acne develops into an inflammatory pathology.

On hands

Hands are most often negatively affected by various fungal aggressors or small subcutaneous mites. Therefore, diseases of the dermis on the hands are of a contact-household nature.

Such ailments most often affect the area of \u200b\u200bthe hands:

One in five people suffer from psoriasis, a lichen that occurs on the hands.
Often also dermatomycosis occurs.
The occurrence of carcinomas is observed in elderly people.

Features of children's skin

The epidermis in childhood is significantly different from that of an adult. Therefore, it is in childhood that various problems can arise that manifest themselves on the skin.

It should be noted such features of the skin in children:

In addition to the main features of the skin of children at an earlier age, it should be noted that children's skin is more often damaged, which provokes infection with staphylococci. Also, with the formation of allergic and other reactions of the body, the first symptoms of the disease appear on children's skin.

On foot

The legs are also closely related to the work of the internal organs, as is the torso. Therefore, pathologies of the skin on the legs are very often the first signal of the incorrect operation of one or another body system.

Often, diseases of the cardiovascular system, pancreas, kidneys and stomach declare themselves this way.

In the case when skin diseases occur on the legs, you will have to undergo a comprehensive examination by a general practitioner, a cardiac surgeon and a urologist.

Many people often suffer from:

about the project

Our medical site provides you with detailed reliable information about skin diseases.

You can get acquainted with the causes, diagnostic methods, symptoms, course options and principles of treatment of skin diseases.

Also on our portal you can see photos of skin diseases and watch videos that talk about their main manifestations.

On our site you can find information you are interested in about skin diseases, as well as a number of sexually transmitted diseases.

Diagnostics

The main and very first doctor to be visited at the first suspicion of a skin disease should be a dermatologist.

Human skin diseases, photos and descriptions of which can be found on the Internet, have many similarities, so a person can diagnose something completely wrong for himself. In no case can not treat such things on their own.

Urologist.
Gynecologist.
In some cases - to the oncologist.

Depending on the specifics of the direction of the disease, which will be determined by the chief attending physician after the examination, the patient will need to pass such tests and undergo examinations from the list, as recommended by the doctor.

They are the following:

Prevention

The simplest tip to help prevent skin diseases on the face is to always follow the rules of personal hygiene.

Preventive measures:

daily washing with herbs or drying lotions;
the right face cream;
control of the humidity level in the room;
refusal to visit public pools and baths;
personal hygiene devices;
lack of contact with an infected person;
refusal of promiscuity, abstinence;
proper nutrition.

Remember to wash your hands before eating, after using the toilet and outside. Simple rules will help to avoid infection with skin diseases.

Treatment

In the absence of a proper approach, any skin disease becomes chronic, grows even more, and it is often very difficult to cure a patient in this condition. In addition, there are a number of concomitant diseases, the manifestations of which could have been avoided.

To conduct competent and complex therapy, it is necessary, together with the attending physician, to fulfill several important points:

To reveal the full anamnesis of the disease and determine its exact classification.
Carry out all the necessary tests to confirm the diagnosis.
Treat the body, using both external and internal drugs.
Regularly visit the consultations of the attending physician.
Systematically, at least once a year, undergo an examination for the presence of residual microorganisms of the disease so that it does not develop into a chronic form.

Medical therapy

An important point for competent treatment is the conduct of therapy with drugs.

For such treatment, the following groups of drugs are distinguished:

Folk remedies

Traditional medicine has found several approaches to the problem of skin diseases, as this is one of the most noticeable infections that a person can get sick with.

In natural pantries you can find for yourself such effective means of dealing with skin ailments:

The skin is the only barrier against terrible viruses and various kinds of infection that constantly attacks a person. And, unfortunately, protective covers also get sick. Pictures of new diseases appear almost every day. Many of them have not yet been given a classification and description.

It is very important that if any deviations from the norm occur, do not treat the problem negligently, but immediately contact a dermatologist in order to avoid serious health problems in the future.

Article formatting: Lozinsky Oleg

Diaper dermatitis

Diaper dermatitis in children is an irritable and inflammatory process that occurs under the diaper, due to the restriction of air supply to the skin of the perineum or prolonged moisture. This is a good breeding ground for bacteria.

Important! It occurs in babies who wear diapers, regardless of age.

When using diapers and diapers, irritants are:

High humidity and temperature.
Long time of contact of feces and urine with the skin.
Accelerated development of a fungal infection.

A fungal infection plays an important role in this case. Scientists have proven that many children with diaper dermatitis have a fungal infection that is the causative agent of candidiasis.

Important! At the first manifestations of a rash, it should be remembered that the baby may be allergic to new soap, cream, or even new diapers, provided that there were no hygiene violations.

Symptoms:

In children with diaper dermatitis, there is a strong inflammatory process of the skin in the perineum and on the buttocks.
Hyperemia of the skin, blisters or even small wounds can be detected.
Very strong inflammation is observed in the skin folds and between the buttocks.
The kid in this case will be restless, whiny, nervous.
Will pull his hands to the groin and try to remove the diaper.

How to handle the navel in newborns: proper care from the first days (with video)

In the first days after discharge from the hospital, the mother's attention should be focused on the proper care of the newborn's navel and the condition of the skin around the baby's umbilical wound. From the first days, the mother is required to provide proper care for the navel of the newborn, preventing the development of complications. When discharged from the hospital, it is most often covered with crusts, from under which a small amount of light liquid oozes.

How to treat the navel of a newborn so that the wound heals as quickly as possible? To treat an umbilical wound, you must have a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution, a sterile pipette, a 1% brilliant green solution and cotton swabs. To care for the navel of a newborn from the first days, you need to spread the edges of the umbilical wound with the thumb and forefinger of your left hand and instill hydrogen peroxide with a pipette. The appearance of a foaming liquid indicates the cleansing of the wound from microorganisms. With a cotton swab, dry not only the surface of the navel, but also its bottom (this is very important!).

Repeat this procedure 2-3 times, thoroughly drying the navel and freeing it from crusts with cotton swabs. Microbes live freely under the crusts in a warm and humid environment, so you need to deprive them of their shelter. It is not always possible to eliminate the crusts at a time, since it is impossible to tear them off by force, this can lead to bleeding, and softened with hydrogen peroxide, they are quite easily removed.

In the process of treating the navel in newborns, one must not forget, after thoroughly drying the bottom and the skin around the umbilical wound, treat it with brilliant green, also spreading the edges and lubricating the bottom of the navel, the folds and the skin around it. For 2-3 days of proper treatment, the umbilical wound heals completely and no longer requires care. Lubrication of only the surface of the umbilical wound with brilliant green leads to various troubles: a weeping navel, purulent inflammation of the navel and anterior abdominal wall, up to sepsis.

The video "How to handle the navel of a newborn" shows how this procedure is performed:

Neoplasms

Neoplasms are divided into oncological and benign. Benign formations can be reborn, turning into malignant tumors of the skin. Factors that increase the risk of developing skin cancer: frequent damage, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays, aging processes in the body, living in unfavorable ecological zones.

Benign formations:

nevus (the so-called mole);
papillomas;
seborrheic warts (senile);
birthmarks;
cylindromas;
vulgar and common warts;
keratoacanthoma.

Malignant formations:

melanoma;
erythroplasia of Queyra.
squamous cell carcinoma.

Benign neoplasms can be removed surgically, using a laser or cryotherapy. A doctor's consultation is required if a benign formation has changed in size, shape, color, has begun to bleed or release fluid, peel off or hurt. Skin cancers today are amenable to successful treatment with rapid early diagnosis.

Rubella measles

This childhood illness is caused by the rubella measles virus, which has an incubation period of up to three weeks. In childhood illness, there is a slight increase in temperature, chills, as well as pink spots on the face, trunk, limbs. Usually the spots disappear in three days. When sick, the glands behind the ears and in the neck may swell. Symptoms are sometimes similar to other diseases, including the flu, accompanied by prickly heat.

Important! An accurate diagnosis and treatment can only be made after a blood test. A child with rubella should be isolated from contact with pregnant women, as the virus is dangerous for the development of the fetus.

The skin of a newborn requires gentle, but regular and thorough care. In the inguinal folds and in the armpits there is still an original lubricant that you want to immediately remove. Do not be zealous so as not to damage the delicate skin. All lubricant will be washed off as soon as you start bathing the baby.

In girls, in the folds between the labia majora and labia minora, white overlays may form, consisting of a deflated epithelium. They are easily removed with a cotton swab moistened with sterile vegetable oil or fish oil.

The condition of the skin is affected by the clothes of the baby: under diapers, undershirts, diapers, a more humid and warm environment appears, the activity of microorganisms increases, and irritation occurs.

Tight swaddling and tight clothing increase friction between skin and clothing, especially if the skin is damp. Repeated exposure to urine and feces during the day contributes to the disruption of the normal condition of the skin, especially in the inguinal and gluteal areas, on the inner surface of the thighs and on the genitals. Reddening of the skin appears, then small bubbles that open, forming a weeping surface. This is how diaper dermatitis develops. The baby is worried about itching and burning, especially after urination and defecation. He becomes irritable, does not breastfeed, does not sleep well.

How to properly care for the skin of a newborn from the first days of life? It is very important to maintain cleanliness, frequent change of diapers and diapers, air baths. These are the main factors preventing the development of skin diseases. After each urination, the baby should be wiped dry, and after the action of the intestines, wash with warm water and, after getting wet with a napkin, grease the folds with sterile vaseline, vegetable or special baby oil (fish oil) or sprinkle with baby powder (thin layer), which absorbs moisture and reduces friction.

The occurrence of diaper dermatitis is facilitated by keeping the baby in disposable diapers around the clock. It turns out a kind of compress that enhances the irritating effect of urine and feces on the delicate skin of the child. If, despite good care, it was not possible to avoid diaper dermatitis, take measures to eliminate it.

After washing the baby, carefully dry all the folds and hidden places with gentle wetting movements. Give him the opportunity to flounder naked. Air has a good healing effect, drying weeping areas and improving skin respiration. To dry the skin, you can use a hair dryer, keeping it at a safe distance to prevent burning the delicate skin.

Attention: when dealing with a boy, care must be taken; lay the baby on his tummy, as he can respond to a stream of warm air with a “fountain”, and a jet that has hit an electrical appliance can cause a short circuit.

On the advice of pediatricians, when caring for the skin of a newborn, you can use some folk remedies.

They will help relieve itching and irritation of the bath with a decoction of herbs (chamomile, succession, celandine, oak bark). Pour one tablespoon of grass with a glass of boiling water, let it brew and pour the resulting broth into a bowl of warm water.

Soften the skin and reduce irritation of the starch bath; Mix 3 tablespoons of starch in cold water, brew and add the resulting "paste" to the bath for bathing.

Zinc oxide, which is part of baby powders and various ointments (zinc paste, Lassar paste, Desitin ointment), has a good drying and disinfecting effect.

Allergy

There are many cases where people get blisters and itches all over the body after contact with the skin of chemicals that may be contained in personal care products or detergents.

Irregular red itchy spots on the body are the result of an allergy. Irritants can be food, alcohol, medicines, plant pollen or animal hair, perfumes, hygiene products or household chemicals. Urticaria, photodermatosis, eczema and psoriasis should be excluded. As a rule, lesions appear quickly, are characterized by intense color, severe itching, but they disappear just as quickly - one has only to exclude the allergen.

Atopic dermatitis

Chronic disease manifests itself in the form of red dense spots, accompanied by unbearable itching. Rashes appear mainly in the cold season, and spontaneously disappear in the summer. It is more common in children aged 1-7 years.

Necessity and main methods of treatment

Before proceeding with the cure of a skin ailment, it is necessary to conduct certain studies in the form of tests that will help identify the cause of the disease and determine the necessary treatment.

Therapeutic treatment of skin ailments is determined by the following methods of stopping certain diseases:

diet food- aimed at the necessary assimilation of nutrients by the body;
medications- used to boost immunity;
antibiotics- prescribed for severe forms of diseases;
local therapy- treatment with ointments, creams and sprays prescribed to influence the disease externally.

With especially severe forms of skin ailments, hormonal therapy is prescribed, which effectively affects the focus of the infection itself and the body as a whole.

Chickenpox or varicella is a skin infection caused by the Varicella-zoster virus. Usually children older than six months get sick, because before that maternal immunity operates. It is believed that the younger the child, the easier he tolerates chickenpox.

Symptoms:

the appearance of blisters with a clear liquid throughout the body;
itching and desire to scratch;
elevated body temperature.

In the future, a child who has been ill with chickenpox is faced with another unpleasant skin disease - shingles.

How to prevent

In the article, we indicated the names, gave a description and showed how common skin diseases in children look in the photo - newborns, preschool and older, briefly talked about the treatment of childhood dermatological diseases.

Many skin problems (whatever their nature) can be avoided if a child is taught hygiene from an early age.

And you also need to maintain cleanliness throughout the house, avoid allergenic foods and stressful situations for children.

If the problem still arises, you need to take it seriously and seek medical attention as soon as possible.

Carbuncle

A carbuncle can also form - this is an inflammatory process of several boils united with each other.

In this case, the general condition of the child is violated:

The child's weight may decrease.
The temperature rises.
The skin turns pale.
Weakness.
Swollen lymph nodes, near a nearby boil.

Making a timely and correct diagnosis is a direct path to success in treating your child's skin disease, remember this!

Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease of non-infectious etiology, which can appear already in the first months of life. Skin cells divide too quickly, forming characteristic plaques with peeling.

Psoriasis is diagnosed in 15% of childhood skin diseases.

Symptoms:

the appearance of itchy, slightly rising above the level of the skin, areas of peeling;
hyperemia is sometimes observed;
the skin at the site of the lesion may become wet, form ulcers.

The treatment of psoriasis is specific and complex, so you need constant medical supervision.

Viral dermatoses in children

TO viral dermatoses applies herpes, as well as warts. Herpes infections are promoted by herpes viruses types 1 and 2, and warts can be picked up by direct contact with the patient. At the same time, the risk of infection increases significantly in the presence of skin microtraumas and poor immunity.

Prickly heat

Prickly heat in children is a form of dermatitis that appears as a result of skin irritation due to increased sweating.

Symptoms are divided into three types:

Crystal prickly heat - newborn babies are more likely to get sick with this type, the elements of the rash look like white bubbles about 2 mm in size. The rash can merge and form white large areas, these blisters are easily damaged, resulting in areas that are flaky. The rash is localized on the neck, face, upper half of the body.
Red prickly heat - with this type, a rash appears in the form of nodules around which hyperemia appears on the periphery. This rash does not merge, itches and causes pain when touched.
Deep prickly heat - with this form, a rash appears in the form of bubbles of beige or pale pink color. The rash can be located not only on the neck, face, but also on the legs and arms. This rash goes away as quickly as it appeared, leaving no marks or scars behind.

But adults who have more than once suffered from prickly heat are more often ill with this type, but there are exceptions when children are ill with it.

Important! If a child has a rash on the skin, in no case should it be smeared with cosmetic creams or ointments that you once used. Remember - the health of your child, only in your hands!

Causes of the disease:

Very thin and delicate skin.
Active blood supply, as a result of which the baby quickly overheats.
Weakly developed sweat ducts.
High saturation of the skin with water (92%).

Which doctor to contact

Skin lesions are treated by a dermatologist, often the help of a cosmetologist is required. At the same time, you should consult a therapist whether a skin disease is a manifestation of diseases of the internal organs. In some cases, an examination by an infectious disease specialist, immunologist, gastroenterologist, allergist, endocrinologist is additionally needed.

On the body of an adult, the skin covers an area of about 2 square meters. It performs immune, protective functions, is responsible for the regulation of water balance and temperature. The list of possible ailments that manifest themselves on the skin is very long. Many of them are easily treatable without serious consequences. Others require a more complex approach and involve long-term therapy.

Etiology

The causes of reddening of the skin of the body are most often reduced to the development of an acute infectious pathology or skin diseases.

In infectious processes, manifestations of intoxication of varying severity are observed: fever, lack of appetite, sleep disturbances, weakness, irritability.

But skin changes can also be caused by external influences, immunodeficiency, hormonal changes.

Allergy

Reddening of the skin with vague patches is characteristic. It is accompanied by peeling, itching, a feeling of dryness and discomfort.

It is explained by a hypersensitivity reaction to foods, drugs, contact with various substances or physical factors.

Hives

This is the name of a typical skin manifestation of an allergy, often a syndrome of infectious and endocrine pathology. Pale raised papules surrounded by a reddish border are formed. A characteristic symptom is severe skin itching.

It arises as a result of a sharp expansion of superficial capillaries with an increase in the permeability of their walls and the development of edema. More about hives →

Measles

Viral disease. Skin spots have a number of features: maculopapular in nature, sometimes with hemorrhagic phenomena; bright red color; unaltered skin background. They are characterized by a tendency of elements to merge and are located throughout the body.

The reddening of the skin spreads sequentially from the face to the legs, in the same order giving way to pigmentation and peeling.

Rubella

If the skin is covered with red spots, rubella infection cannot be ruled out. Roseolas or papules that do not merge with each other are formed on an unchanged skin background. Typical localization is on the extensor surface of the joints. Disappears without a trace after a few days. More about rubella →

streptoderma

Redness of the skin in adults and children occurs when streptococci are affected. The spots are rounded, painful, turning into blisters filled with pus, sometimes with an admixture of blood. As a rule, they are accompanied by skin itching. After the opening of the vesicles, the formation of ulcers is possible.

Scarlet fever

The rash is caused by streptococci. Rash elements appear in the first days of the disease and have distinctive characteristics: small dotted red elements; hyperemic background of the skin. Localization - flexion surfaces of the arms, medial - legs, especially concentrated in skin folds, on the cheeks and forehead.

The outcome of the rash is peeling in the form of large peeling plates, especially at the fingertips.

lupus erythematosus

Peeling large spots on the face form the contour of a butterfly, occupying the nose and cheekbones. The foci resemble disks or coins with hyperemic edges. In the center of the elements, a site of atrophy and depigmentation is determined. More about lupus erythematosus →

Certain parts of the body are covered with protruding pinkish plaques, the surface of which is flaky. Severe itching at the site of the rash. If you lift the plaque, the redness under the affected skin is pronounced, sometimes bleeding. More about psoriasis →

Eczema

It can appear against the background of neglected allergies, complicated course of various diseases, and stress.

The skin in the affected areas is covered with blisters and spots, which alternate with cracks and peeling areas. This is accompanied by severe itching. Sometimes the places of scratching bleed, become inflamed.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia

A single spot on the skin, but more often diffuse redness of the face, neck, décolleté is explained by a violation of the autonomic regulation of capillary tone. Under stress, they expand, which is accompanied by erythema.

neuroses

Typically, skin manifestations are observed in adults against the background of chronic stress, sleep disorders and vitamin deficiencies. There is an itch of psychosomatic origin.

Other reasons

Redness of the scalp may be due to seborrhea, lichen. This is usually seen in adult patients. They complain of severe itching, aggravated after washing their hair, dandruff and hair loss.

Also, skin rashes develop against the background of demodicosis - the skin is destroyed by a special kind of mites.

A red raised spot on the skin is often the first sign of scleroderma.

A red spot or widespread redness on the skin is sometimes due to physical factors: excessive insolation, hypothermia.

Dermatophytosis

Dermatophytosis is a group of diseases caused by fungi. This is one of the most common skin diseases. So, (onychomycosis) occurs in almost 18% of the population, and among the elderly - in 50%. People over 70 years old are a kind of reservoir for the existence of onychomycosis. Very often they do not go to the doctor and are not treated.
In this case, the infection spreads in the family circle of such an elderly person. The infection is subsequently transmitted to others in pools, baths, showers. The prevalence of onychomycosis is high in fairly closed professional groups (military personnel, miners, athletes, metallurgists). Fungal infection and smooth skin is somewhat less common, but also highly contagious (infectious).

Thus, having considered the most common skin diseases, we can say that with timely detection, they all respond well to treatment. You just need to treat yourself and your loved ones with attention.

(12 ratings, average: 2,08 out of 5)

Many different diseases haunt a person throughout life. This fate did not bypass the skin. Depending on the characteristics of the lesion, the effect on the body, the appearance and complexity of treatment, modern scientists describe many completely different diseases, photographs of which can be found on the Internet.

The human skin consists of three main layers:

Epidermis.
Dermis.
Subcutaneous fat.

Human skin diseases, photos and descriptions of which can be seen in the dermatologist's office, depending on which of the layers abnormalities occur, are divided into the following types.

They are provided in the table:

Type of disease	His characteristic
Pathologies of the epidermis	Such representatives of this group as psoriasis and scabies are ubiquitous.
Diseases of the dermis	This layer is most often affected by pathogens that carry with them furunculosis, in some cases hydradenitis.
Subcutaneous fat disease	At this level, the formation of small boils, blackheads and pimples occurs. Acne is the most common disease for this layer of skin. It is periodic in nature and occurs in varying degrees of severity in almost every person.

In addition to categorizing skin diseases according to their distribution in different layers, some doctors also prefer to classify the infection by nature.

For instance:

Infectious.
Non-infectious.

The most common representatives

acne

This is the nightmare of all teenagers, many adults and even the elderly. The exact cause of the occurrence has not yet been determined.

The most common triggers for acne are:

stress;
menstruation;
hot weather;
binge eating;
excessive hormonal activity (for example, in adolescence).

Symptoms of the disease:

fragmentary reddening of skin areas;
the occurrence of painful boils, pustules and small sores;
excessive secretion of sebum.

The townsfolk attribute the latter the name "oily skin."

Dermatitis

The disease is similar to acne, but the causes of its occurrence are different.

The disease is a lesion of the skin, namely:

redness;
ulcers;
ulcers caused by various kinds of aggressive substances, often of a chemical nature.

Lichen

Lichen is often infectious in nature and is transmitted through an infected person or animal.

The cause of the occurrence is contact with the skin and the active development of lichen fungi of three types:

geophilic (falling from the soil);
anthropophilic (developing and living on human skin);
zooanthropophilic (dwelling on the dermis of animals, both domestic and wild) types.

Herpes

This is a very common viral disease.

It is a small abscess and vesicles of mucus that are grouped in one area, often:

in the corners of the lips;
on the mucous membrane;
under the nose;
on the genitals.

Eczema

Acne vulgaris

The reason for such inconvenience is:

To cope with their spread is possible only through long-term treatment after a thorough consultation with a dermatologist and passing the appropriate tests.

bedsores

Symptoms are as follows: the occurrence of bruises, bruising, redness, and then blue parts of the skin. Bedsores most often occur in bedridden patients, people with anorexia or overweight.

Scabies

Keratosis

The reason is damage to the skin as a result of prolonged excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays and, as a result, deep damage to the skin.

Carcinoma

A cancerous variety, a malignant neoplasm that develops on the outer surface of the epithelium. Symptoms are complex, and at first glance, the tumor is almost impossible to distinguish from a mole.

Hemangioma

This is a pathology that is benign in nature and, as a rule, pursues newborn children or infants. The neoplasm looks like a big red mole.

In most cases, when its size does not exceed the permissible norm, the hemangioma resolves by itself by the age of 5.

The exact cause of the occurrence has not yet been determined. Symptomatically, hemangioma does not manifest itself in any way.

Melanoma

This tumor is malignant. The reason for its occurrence is the excessive secretion of melanin in the skin tissue. This is done by pigment cells under prolonged exposure to direct sunlight.

Papilloma

Dermatomycosis

The disease implies a serious fungal infection of the human epithelium. The reason, respectively, is fungus.
It is transmitted by contact-household way through infected people, animals, as well as everyday objects. The affected skin becomes inflamed, blistered, chains of pimples and wounds appear, and severe itching occurs.

erysipelas

Skin diseases on the face

Peculiarities:

they are small, but often found, in most cases there are more than 20 of them;
the place where the inflammation of the hair follicle occurs, acquires a red tint, pus often appears;
the general condition of the skin is deplorable - it shines due to disruption of the sebaceous glands and excessive production of sebum.

The main representatives that most often occur in the face area include the following diseases:

On the head

The head is prone to whitish spots, peeling of the skin, the sudden appearance of small growths that look like moles. Sometimes they can get sick, and the area around them will be constantly red.

On the head often appear:

Lichen.
Psoriasis.
Various types of papillomas.

On the body

The body is protected by clothing for most of the day, which is why, unlike the face and head, it is the hardest place for pathogenic bacteria to get to.

The human body is attacked:

On hands

Hands are most often negatively affected by various fungal aggressors or small subcutaneous mites. Therefore, diseases of the dermis on the hands are of a contact-household nature.

Such ailments most often affect the area of \u200b\u200bthe hands:

One in five people suffer from psoriasis, a lichen that occurs on the hands.
Often also dermatomycosis occurs.
The occurrence of carcinomas is observed in elderly people.

On foot

Often, diseases of the cardiovascular system, pancreas, kidneys and stomach declare themselves this way.

In the case when skin diseases occur on the legs, you will have to undergo a comprehensive examination by a general practitioner, a cardiac surgeon and a urologist.

Many people often suffer from:

Diagnostics

The main and very first doctor to be visited at the first suspicion of a skin disease should be a dermatologist.

Urologist.
Gynecologist.
In some cases - to the oncologist.

They are the following:

Treatment

To conduct competent and complex therapy, it is necessary, together with the attending physician, to fulfill several important points:

To reveal the full anamnesis of the disease and determine its exact classification.
Carry out all the necessary tests to confirm the diagnosis.
Treat the body, using both external and internal drugs.
Regularly visit the consultations of the attending physician.
Systematically, at least once a year, undergo an examination for the presence of residual microorganisms of the disease so that it does not develop into a chronic form.

Medical therapy

An important point for competent treatment is the conduct of therapy with drugs.

For such treatment, the following groups of drugs are distinguished:

Folk remedies

Traditional medicine has found several approaches to the problem of skin diseases, as this is one of the most noticeable infections that a person can get sick with.

In natural pantries you can find for yourself such effective means of dealing with skin ailments:

It is very important that if any deviations from the norm occur, do not treat the problem negligently, but immediately contact a dermatologist in order to avoid serious health problems in the future.

Article formatting: Lozinsky Oleg

Video about skin diseases in humans

8 serious skin diseases:

Red spots, itching and peeling on the skin are a sign of an allergic reaction. Similar symptoms are manifested by skin diseases on the face. A dermatological problem quickly becomes chronic if measures are not taken in time.

pathogens

Symptoms

All skin diseases on the face appear almost the same. It is possible to distinguish a fungal pathology from a viral one only in the laboratory.

Main features:

small or large rash;
cracked skin;
ulcerative papules;
red spots;
colored skin tone;
hematomas;
burning and itching;
acne;
purulent acne;
internal nodes;
and dryness;
pigmentation.

Symptoms of skin diseases differ in the inflammatory process. Such a pathology is the cause of the development of disruption of the internal systems and organs.

Kinds

It is worth paying attention not only to the appearance of suspicious spots on the skin, but also to additional symptoms. For complex infectious forms, high body temperature, chills, disruption of the digestive system are typical. With common skin diseases on the face and their description can be found in the photo.

Pustular

Pathogens - streptococci, staphylococci, pyococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other microorganisms. Bacteria begin to actively develop, provoking the epidermis to defend itself intensely. Purulent acne, red spots and other rashes appear on the skin.

Pyoderma or pustular lesions are not transmitted by contact with an infected person. The infection develops only with close bodily contact with the carrier.

Common skin diseases on the face with names:

Folliculitis. These are internal subcutaneous pimples that grow and form red nodules from accumulated fat and pollution. A severe degree of damage, if the spread is not controlled, is dangerous to human health.
Acne. Acne appears more often in adolescence, does not go into the inflammatory stage. If the degree of damage is large, then the comedones become larger, their appearance is accompanied by itching and burning.
Hydradenitis. It can be distinguished from subcutaneous acne by its pear-shaped form. Formations are dense, quickly grow and multiply. If the nodules are squeezed out, then the risk of infection of the blood and internal organs increases.
Impetigo. In appearance, they resemble ulcerative lesions. The pimple is covered with a yellow crust, and the bubbles hurt. Such ulcers provoke psoriasis, dermatitis and other types of skin diseases on the face.
Furunculosis. This is a large subcutaneous formation with purulent contents. After the appearance of the first pimple on the face, the disease spreads further along the skin.

A weak immune response aggravates the course of the disease. The risk of infection increases due to overheating, hypothermia or climatic changes in the body. Also, skin diseases on the face are sometimes provoked by psychosomatics.

Patients with the following pathologies are at risk:

beriberi or lack of certain trace elements;
violation of hematopoiesis;
metabolic pathologies;
kidney and liver problems;
emotional instability;
psychical deviations.

It is worth taking a biochemical blood test to determine the deficiency. Often the cause of skin pathologies is a lack of other trace elements. Pustular infections are the most common provocateurs of acne and

fungal

Epidermophytes are spore microorganisms that quickly spread and multiply on human skin. In most cases, fungal species do not threaten health, but there are also dangerous diseases.

What are skin diseases on the face:

Erythrasma. Colored spotted lesion with a definite contour structure. If the pathology is not treated, it quickly flows into a chronic form.
Actinomycosis. These are internal subcutaneous formations that resemble boils. The main difference in color is that the fungi have a blue tint.
Lichen. Red scaly spots appear on the surface of the epidermis. More than 50% of the facial skin is affected. With the pityriasis type, the spot is brown and yellow, the ringworm is red.
Dermatomycosis. Blisters with scaly areas appear on the surface of the skin. In appearance, ringworm is similar to diaper rash.

More often fungal diseases affect patients who have recently had chickenpox, pediculosis or scabies. The consequences depend on the type of skin disease. If you let the infection take its course, then the lesion goes into an incurable stage, it can provoke kidney failure, edema, necrosis and other complications.

Viral

In medical practice, this type of infection is called exanthema. These are contagious types provoked by chicken pathogens or the herpes virus.

Names of diseases on the face:

Herpes. Pops up in the form of a small scattering of white pimples. The main site of the lesion is the lips and the area around the mouth. It is transmitted by kissing and even by airborne droplets.
Molluscum contagiosum. It looks like a small rash, does not cause additional symptoms. It often appears after moving or traveling. It can provoke inflammation of the internal organs.
Human papillomavirus (HPV). These are contagious warts with an unpleasant odor. Papillomas multiply and develop on the body at a high rate.
Shingles. In appearance, the disease does not differ from allergies, itching and redness on the face appear. It is possible to distinguish lichen by the presence of ulcerative vesicles.
Condylomas. These are contagious warts. The spiky growths have a stalk, which gives the warts a stable foothold in the pores.

Viral skin disease occurs on the face in adults and children. Pathogens attack a weakened organism, unable to resist on its own. In severe cases, additional symptoms of the disease appear: general weakness, fever and fever.

The herpes virus lives in the body of almost everyone, but in sleep mode. With increased sensitivity of the body, inflammation appears on the lip almost every month, especially in spring and autumn.

Causes

Acne rashes are more often located on the T-zone - the nose and forehead. Acne also breeds on the chin, with a severe degree, even the cheeks and areas under the eyes are affected. In adolescence, acne is the norm, after 20 years it is a problem.

On the face

Diseases on the face in adults appear due to hormonal disorders or pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract. Any type of acne is a sign of a malfunction of the digestive system, a lack of, and other trace elements.

On the face most often develops dermatitis or herpes. Couperosis - damage to the venous vascular network, stars appear on the skin under the eyelids, rosacea - the formation of pink spots. Chloasma and seborrhea are less common.

On the head

The scalp is affected even more often than the face. If the hair part itches, flakes of dandruff and acne appear - this is a sign of illness.

The main causes of skin lesions:

stress;
restructuring of the body after pregnancy and childbirth;
infection with fungi and other organisms;
spread of infection from the face;
bad habits;
hormonal problems.

Seborrhea, psoriasis, lichen and other diseases are accompanied by prolonged hair loss, itching of the scalp and fragility, weakening of curls. A trichologist, cosmetologist or dermatologist will identify the exact pathogen and prescribe the treatment of skin diseases on the face or head.

On the body

Lichen, melanoma, seborrhea, allergic dermatitis, mycosis scabies and other types of eczema can appear on the hands. Feet affect warts, calluses, hyperkeratosis. Skin diseases of the legs quickly flow into a chronic form.

Diagnostics

Do not self-medicate. Volumetric rashes covering more than 50% of the face require urgent diagnosis.

Research methods:

examination by a therapist and narrow specialists;
scraping from the scalp and face;
general blood, urine and stool tests;
analysis of rashes and lesions;
histology of acne content;
blood chemistry;
hormonal tests;
serology;
allergy tests;
other samples.

It is recommended to visit a dermatologist, trichologist. If you suspect a violation of the hormonal background, you will need to consult an endocrinologist, women - a gynecologist, men - an andrologist. Additionally, an examination by an infectious disease specialist, a virologist, even a psychologist or pediatrician is needed for skin diseases on the face of children.

Treatment

Therapy should be divided into two types: tablet and complex. It is not recommended to buy drugs on your own, only as directed by a doctor. Treatment with antibiotics for skin diseases on the face is carried out only in severe chronic stages.

medicines

Drugs are prescribed after the results of laboratory tests. Medicines help to eliminate the cause of the disease.

Look for globally approved products at iherb. Newbies get a 10% discount as a gift.

Medicines for the treatment of skin diseases:

Hormonal agents. Shown to normalize the work of the endocrine and reproductive systems. For external use, glucocorticosteroids are prescribed to help the immune system fight skin lesions and suppress the activity of pathogens. Popular generics are Kenacort, Uniderm, Akriderm.

Antihistamines. Prescribed for an allergic reaction or atopic dermatitis. In childhood, Fenkarol, Suprastin are indicated, for adults - Allergozan, Loratadin.

Non-hormonal ointments. This is an alternative solution for intolerance to hormonal treatment or no need for corticosteroid therapy. Substitutes - tar, kartadinova or ichthyol ointment.

Zinc. The most famous drug is Zinocap. Zinc pyrithione topical products help dry out pimples and stop infection of healthy skin tissue.

Any medication is prescribed only by the attending physician.

Folk remedies

Alternative medicine does not fight the cause of skin diseases, but will help remove peeling and itching on the face.

The best recipes for skin:

Decoction of oak bark. Raw materials can be bought at the pharmacy. Oak bark is brewed, simmered for 20 minutes in a water bath and used daily as a washing lotion.
Cowberry juice. It has a drying property due to the high acid content. Squeeze juice from several berries, treat the skin.
Carrot mask. It will help with beriberi and purulent inflammation. A natural chopped vegetable is applied to a burn, ulcer or acne to relieve redness.
Sea buckthorn oil. It is necessary to lubricate the affected area to get rid of the burning sensation on the skin. Used for allergic dermatitis.
Lemon. Contraindicated in gastritis and stomach ulcers, applied inside. It is recommended to drink 10-25 drops of lemon juice daily to get rid of lichen.

Even folk remedies provoke the development of an allergic reaction. With the appearance of urticaria and other rashes, it is worth stopping the use.

refusal to visit public pools and baths;

personal hygiene devices;

lack of contact with an infected person;

refusal of promiscuity, abstinence;

proper nutrition.

Remember to wash your hands before eating, after using the toilet and outside. Simple rules will help to avoid infection with skin diseases.