Prosthetics on implants in the absence of teeth. Complete implantation and prosthetics All about upper jaw implantation

Doctor consultation
Making a treatment plan
Implant installation
Implant plug
Applying and removing sutures
Set of consumables for surgery
Taking impressions
Prosthesis

The complete absence of teeth, which may be the result of injury or untimely treatment of caries, causes numerous problems. It’s not just a matter of aesthetics; the inability to chew food thoroughly leads to digestive problems, and altered diction causes difficulties in communication and greatly reduces self-esteem and self-confidence. Until recently, removable dentures with an adhesive fixation method were used to restore dentition in the absence of teeth. For all their advantages, they differ significantly in properties from real teeth; they must be regularly removed from the mouth for hygienic treatment. Due to unreliable fixation, there was always a risk of the prosthesis falling out. All this creates certain inconveniences that reduce the quality of life.

A more physiological way is complete dental implantation. This is the process of implanting a titanium rod into each socket of a missing tooth, onto which a crown is subsequently placed. Thus, not only the aesthetics of the dentition is restored, but also the function, and fixation in the bone tissue makes the implants resistant to high loads.

Pros and cons of replacing all teeth with implants

Implantation in the absence of teeth has a number of important advantages over other methods of prosthetics:

High reliability, which is ensured by implantation of implants into the jaw bone tissue.
Significantly higher chewing efficiency, which ensures normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. Unlike many other types of prosthetics, implants do not cause pain when chewing, so eating is stress-free and enjoyable.
A high degree of comfort with a minimum period of adaptation; full implantation creates the feeling that new teeth have grown.
The use of implants in the absence of teeth allows you to stop or avoid bone tissue atrophy, which occurs when using removable dentures.

The disadvantages of full dental implantation include the high cost and the presence of a fairly wide list of contraindications that can cause implant rejection.

Implantation methods for complete absence of teeth

Prosthetics on implants in the absence of teeth can be performed in different ways.

Replacing all teeth with implants means implanting 14 or 12 rods in each jaw. It is not advisable to install a larger number, since third molars (“wisdom teeth”) do not bear a functional load, and it is also quite possible to do without second molars. This method is certainly the most physiological, but it is not always feasible, since it requires a sufficient amount of bone tissue. In addition, the cost of installing 28 implants is quite high.
The minimum number of implants required to install a prosthesis (removable or fixed) is 8, 4 for each jaw. This method is called “All-on-4”. It is recommended for cases of close proximity to the maxillary sinuses, mandibular nerve, and insufficient bone tissue.
Often 12 implants are installed, 6 in each jaw, which allows you to recreate the aesthetics of your smile.

In what cases is a bone block transplant necessary?

With prolonged absence of teeth, bone tissue gradually atrophies. This is due to the reduction in load on it. Even if removable dentures are used, atrophy still occurs. Other common causes of bone tissue atrophy are periodontal disease and osteoporosis. For complete dental implantation, a sufficient amount of bone tissue is necessary, so if there is a deficiency, preliminary osteoplasty is performed. This is an operation that involves transplanting a bone block from one part of the jaw into the alveolar process. In some cases, osteoplasty is combined with implant installation, but most often they are carried out in two stages, with an interval of 4-6 months. Osteoplasty is performed under local anesthesia and usually takes 1-3 hours.

Which implants are best for complete implantation of all teeth?

The choice of implants is a very important issue, and to solve it you need to consult with a specialist. There are several manufacturers that produce implants of different classes: premium, medium and economy. They differ in the quality of the material used, manufacturing and installation features, appearance (size and type of thread, dimensions).
The higher the class of implants, the more possibilities for their installation, so they are the preferred option, especially if there are any difficulties. Their surface provides a better degree of engraftment and a lower risk of rejection. The high quality of materials and the possibility of atraumatic installation allow their use even with some contraindications (diabetes mellitus, periodontal disease). There are implants on which crowns can be installed in just a few days.

Cost is also an important factor. It increases in proportion to the quality and class of structures. This does not mean that cheap implants are always of poor quality, but their installation will require certain skills from the doctor. The price level also depends on the manufacturer. Domestic and Belarusian implants are much cheaper than their imported counterparts. Choose your implant: Bredent, Osstem, Straumann, Nobel, Bicon, Mis, Alpha Bio.

How long does it take to get used to implants if you are completely edentulous?

The time it takes to get used to installed implants depends on how long the patient lived without teeth. With prolonged edentia, the habit of eating and speaking in a certain way is developed, and the appearance of teeth causes new sensations and the need to change existing habits. In general, addiction does not take long, since recovery with implantation is very physiological.

The answer to the question “How much does it cost to replace all teeth with implants?” depends on several factors.

Condition of the oral cavity and the need for preparatory measures (sinus lifting, osteoplasty).
The cost of the implants themselves (depends on the class and manufacturer).
The level of the clinic, the qualifications of the staff (implantation services cannot be too cheap).
Type of complete implantation and number of implants installed.

Teeth are a necessary element both for high-quality processing and for external beauty.

In case a person lost most or all of your teeth, they can be restored using complete implantation.

Complete implantation of all teeth: types and techniques

In case of missing teeth, the procedure is carried out three ways

removable;
non-removable;
conditionally removable.

Removable method

The removable method is more suitable for those people who already had removable dentures, but they couldn't get used to them.

Important! Getting used to removable implants is a long and psychologically difficult process. Therefore, the patient needs to tune in to necessary adaptation.

If you need to have surgery on the lower jaw, then carry it out on 2-4 implants. More often used 4 implants with spherical attachments. This is how it happens:

good fixation implant;
available hygiene oral cavity;
relative inexpensive procedures.

When using the removable method on the upper jaw, use 4-6 implants.

A practical method of fixation is considered use of beams. However, the price with this method is higher than with fixation with attachments.

Fixed method

The next type of full implantation is fixed method. As a result of its use, implants resemble your own teeth, so a person quickly adapts to a new design.

When implanting the lower jaw with a non-removable method use 6 implants, if the process takes place in a classical way. Also used 4 implants. This technique is called "all on four". Developed her company "Nobel Biocare". The idea is that two implants installed at an angle of 45º.

Photo 1. Using the All-on-4 or “all-on-four” method, a fixed prosthesis is installed on a completely toothless jaw and fixed with only 4 implants.

If artificial teeth are inserted in the upper jaw, then more often use 6-8 implants.

Conditionally removable method

When choosing a conditionally removable mode, the patient receives the following advantages:

high-quality fixation, even with severely atrophied bone;
the implant is placed immediately on an ongoing basis;
comfortable wearing.

Attention! When complete dental implantation is performed using screw fixation, then this method is called conditionally removable. A person cannot remove an artificial tooth himself. This is done by a dentist.

How many implants are implanted into each jaw at once?

The number of implants inserted depends on what technique the doctor uses. So, in the absence of all teeth, they use 12-14 implants.

Attention! The use of full implantation is not suitable for those who does not have the required amount of bone tissue, as well as those who have close nerves.

This procedure is expensive, so not all people can afford it.

Photo 2. When using the bridge technique, the bridge is attached not to living teeth, but to artificial roots implanted into the bone - implants.

When using the bridge technique, 6-8 implants per lower jaw And 7-10 on the top. Using a bridge is a method that is not so expensive, but adaptation to implants is easy and quick.

Limitations for replacing teeth with implants

Implantation gives good results. After the procedure, a person receives teeth, similar to real ones. But you should not think that this method is suitable for everyone and has no restrictions.

Insufficient amount of good bone tissue

Implantation of all teeth at once is possible only if there is sufficient amount of bone tissue.

If it is smaller than the implant, then it won't be able to fix. Therefore, before starting the procedure, it is necessary to perform an operation bone tissue growth.

You can do this in several ways:

sinus lift;
autotransplantation;
planting artificial bone material;
alveolar ridge cleft to increase the width of the bone block.

Lack of individual anatomical features of the jaws

Due to the specificity of the jaw structure, in some cases implantation impossible.

High cost

The cost of restoring the dentition by implantation is considered in an expensive way. This applies to cases with an increase in the amount of bone tissue.

Currently developed budget methods. It all depends on the complexity of the operation and the cost of its components.

When it is impossible to completely replace all teeth with implants

There are few indications for complete tooth replacement, but there are enough contraindications. They are divided into two large categories: absolute and relative.

Absolute contraindications

The presence of absolute restrictions indicates that the installation of implants is impossible due to technical circumstances or because of possible serious consequences.

These contraindications are:

Relative contraindications

The second group of contraindications are relative restrictions. If they are present, the procedure is carried out only with strict adherence following conditions:

Correct Preparation.
Choice suitable implantation method according to the parameters.

Contraindications include:

wrong bite;
alcohol or drugs addiction;
disease temporomandibular joint;
pregnancy;
already installed implants;
viral diseases;
recovery period after chemotherapy.

Important! A contraindication to the installation of artificial teeth using implants is considered age up to 22 years. This is explained by the fact that up to this age the child continues to develop and form. bone structure body.

Prosthetics on implants

Since implantation is not suitable for all patients, there is alternative replacement and installation of artificial teeth - prosthetics on implants.

This method is that first the jaw introduce artificial roots, made from durable, non-allergenic materials, and then attach fixed or removable dentures.

Removable and non-removable methods differ from each other:

Removable prosthetics are attached to an artificial root due to the mini-lock. To fix the structure, press on it. In this case, the patient can carry out manipulations independently opening and closing the lock without the help of a dentist. As for fixed prostheses, a person cannot perform such actions. Only a doctor can do this.
With the non-removable method it is necessary wait for the implant to fully engraft, and then install the prosthesis itself. In case of complete absence of teeth, this process lasts for several years. With the removable method Implant healing occurs faster, since the number inserted is less.
A reliable option When replacing teeth, removable dentures are considered. This is explained by the fact that with a non-removable method there is a possibility of uneven distribution of the chewing load. In addition, if a defect appears in one structural element, then the entire prosthesis will have to be removed
Be the first!

Average rating: 0 out of 5.
Rated by: 0 readers.

Complete dental prosthetics supported by implants is used in the absence of a large number of teeth and complete edentia, that is, if there is not a single tooth left in the row. Because they were all removed at different times, the condition of the jaw tissue varies markedly in each individual segment of the jaw. That is why several different techniques can be used to restore completely missing teeth.

Stages of full complex dental implantation

The technology of the technique depends on the selected one or more implantation methods. Only 2, 4 or 6-8 evenly distributed implants can be installed on the entire dentition, which allow you to secure a permanent or removable denture. In this case, both classical implants can be used for areas of bone tissue with sufficient volume, as well as single-piece implants for immediate loading, if there is a deficiency of the jaw bone and rapid restoration of teeth is necessary.

1: preparation for treatment

Any dental implantation requires preparation and a thorough examination of both the patient’s entire body and the jaw tissues separately. At the very first stage, a comprehensive examination is carried out - contraindications and chronic diseases are identified, the volume and condition of the jaw bone is assessed, because it is in it that the implants will be implanted.

2: installation of implants

For complex dental implantation, when restoration of the entire dentition, or most of it, is required, various implants can be used: mini-structures to support a removable denture, classic or one-piece implants to fix a complete permanent or removable denture. They are implanted into the bone tissue depending on the technique used: in 2 stages, or by puncturing the tissue with immediate installation of prostheses.

An important feature of complex implantation is that to restore the entire dentition, one implant is never installed for one tooth. In order to fix the prosthesis on the smile area, 2 implants are enough; for the entire dentition - from 4 to 6-8 structures.

3: complete denture prosthetics

When restoring an entire row of teeth, both removable and permanent structures can be used. At the same time, removable dentures on implants are noticeably different from conventional ones: they are more compact in size, less massive, securely fixed, and do not cause discomfort or inconvenience. At the same time, it is not necessary to constantly remove them (due to this they are usually called conditionally removable) - it is enough to remove them from the mouth only for periodic hygienic care on the inside.

Advantages and disadvantages of the method

restoring a large number of teeth in the most effective way,
lower cost of treatment due to the use of a minimum number of implants and reduction of treatment stages,
possibility of fixing both permanent and removable dentures,
no bone augmentation is required - in most cases - surgery can be avoided by using the immediate loading technique.

Video about the principles of All on 4 implantation (All on 4)

The technique has no disadvantages, since it is an ideal option for restoring a large number of teeth - taking into account the state of the jaw system, the required number of implants is selected from 4 to 12 implants, which will support your new teeth for life.

Duration of treatment and service life of implants

The duration of restoration of a full dentition depends on the implantation method. If artificial roots are fixed using the classical protocol, the treatment period will take about 4-6 months; if using the implantation method with instant loading, then the prostheses can be fixed within a week after implantation of the structures. In any case, implants will traditionally last until the end of life, prostheses - somewhat less, but they are easily updated without damaging the artificial roots.

Cost of complex implantation

The cost of the technique is fixed, it includes all the necessary manipulations: installation of certain implants, anesthesia, computer modeling of the entire treatment process, taking impressions, manufacturing and installation of dentures.

From this article you will learn:

rating of dental implants,
dental implantation techniques - types and turnkey prices (for 2020),
contraindications to implantation.

Dental implantation is a method of restoring lost teeth, which consists of implanting so-called (implants) into the bone tissue of the jaws, which then serve as a support for subsequent permanent prosthetics with crowns and bridges, or can be used as an additional factor in the fixation of removable dentures. This method allows you to avoid grinding down adjacent teeth for crowns (next to missing ones), and also to obtain a completely permanent prosthesis even on a toothless jaw.

Dental implants (in dentistry the synonym “implants” is more often used) are shaped like the roots of human teeth. Implants are made from biocompatible materials, for example, from high-purity medical titanium, less often from ceramics, or an alloy of titanium and zirconium dioxide. But their most important feature, on which the speed and overall success of fusion of the implant with the bone depends, is the characteristics of the surface of the root part of the implants. And usually, the cheaper the implant, the simpler the surface it has.

Dental implantation in dentistry –

As a rule, the clinic can offer you a choice of no more than 2-3 models of implants from different manufacturers. These limitations are due to the fact that installing implants from different companies usually requires excellent equipment, which is expensive. In addition, there are different methods of dental implantation, some of which are safer for the patient, but more labor-intensive for the implantologist. The human factor leads to the fact that the patient is not always offered the most optimal option for him.

Below you can see the rating of the most reliable implants, which presents both premium and fairly high-quality economy-class implants. In this article, we will pay special attention to implantation methods so that you have an understanding of which of them are the most reliable for patients, giving a minimal percentage of complications (for example, such as and/or implant rejection).

The best implant models: statistics

Statistics on the popularity of implants from different manufacturers among specialists (implant surgeons), as a rule, speak quite clearly about their quality. We deliberately took statistics on the popularity of different implant models not for Russia, but for Europe - for one simple reason. The fact is that European statistics are many times larger. For example, in Germany alone, more than 1 million implants are installed in 1 year, which is many times more than throughout Russia.

In addition, we deliberately place emphasis on the choice of implantologists, because they approach the choice of an implantation system consciously, and it is extremely important for them to receive positive results from their work. Reviews of dental implantation from patients are always more subjective for the reason that the patient cannot distinguish whether the reason for the unsuccessful implantation was a doctor’s mistake or the insufficient quality of the dental implant itself.

Implant models most popular in Europe –

Important : Of the leaders in this rating, NobelBiocare and Straumann implants are most represented in Russia, and AstraTech is somewhat less common. But as you will see below in the section “Prices for dental implantation in Moscow”, the models of these implants are not budget ones. When choosing them, the cost of turnkey tooth implantation will start at least from 70,000 rubles. Implants from Korean and Israeli manufacturers (for example, Osstem, MIS, AlphaBio), which we will also discuss below, have a more affordable price.

Reviews on implantation and clinical studies –

Numerous clinical studies show that success with implantation (i.e., achieving engraftment of the implant to the bone) is achieved in 95-98% of cases. Moreover, the percentage of successful operations on the lower jaw is higher than on the upper jaw. The latter is due to the fact that the bone tissue of the upper jaw is softer and more porous, and therefore it is more difficult to achieve good primary stability of the implants. But it is the tight contact between the implant and the bone at the engraftment stage that is one of the most important conditions for the success of the operation.

Thus, rejection occurs only in 2-5% of cases. Moreover, most often this happens for two reasons - 1) in patients at risk, for example, heavy smokers, hypertensive patients, patients with chronic diseases, 2) due to errors by the implant surgeon when planning and performing the operation, including violation of asepsis rules, failure to comply rules for working with bone tissue and soft gum tissue around the implant. In truth, there is another group of errors associated with errors during prosthetics.

Patient reviews of dental implantation depend largely on the experience and qualifications of the implant surgeon, but the second important point is the characteristics of the implant itself (surface, shape, thread type). It should be noted that almost all negative reviews appear after implantation in the aesthetic zone (in the area of the front teeth), and concern the poor aesthetics of the gums in the area where it adjoins the neck of the implant. Most often, this is due to the fact that within 1 year after prosthetics, bone atrophy occurs around the neck of the implant, the amount of which, depending on the model of the implant, can be from 0.2 to 3.0 mm.

What does bone atrophy around the implant neck look like?

Firstly, the greater the amount of bone atrophy, the more pronounced the blueness of the gums around the neck of the implant will be. Secondly, over time, the gums will also recede, exposing the metal neck of the implant, and all this will be visible when you smile. Different models of implants give different amounts of bone atrophy around their neck (which depends on the design of the thread in the neck of the implant, the characteristics of its surface, and the nature of the distribution of chewing pressure from the implant to the bone). And when installing an implant in an aesthetic area, as well as in any area with a deficiency of bone volume, this is critically important to consider.

In addition, more expensive and high-quality implants require less time for healing and earlier prosthetics are possible on them. The quality of osseointegration (engraftment of the implant to the bone) depends primarily on the characteristics of its surface. After all, metal and bone cannot grow together, and in order for the implant to be securely held in the bone, its surface must be microporous (Fig. 5). This allows bone tissue to grow into the pores, mechanically holding the implant in place. The surface of the implants is made porous by plasma spraying, sandblasting, anodizing, acid etching, or a combination of these.

What does the surface of an implant look like under a microscope?

To improve the speed and quality of attachment of the implant to the bone, some manufacturers make their surface ultra-hydrophilic, others apply fluoride ions, phosphate or hydroxyapatite crystals to the surface of the implants, which also allow bone tissue to grow faster into the pores on the surface of the implant. Below we will give examples of the highest quality implants from different price categories, but first of all, it will depend on the choice of the implant manufacturer how much it costs to implant one tooth on a turnkey basis.

Dental implantation: types and turnkey prices

It is worth noting that for dental implantation, the cost of restoring a single missing tooth is now almost comparable to the cost of traditional prosthetics with a metal-ceramic bridge (if inexpensive implant models are used). Below you can familiarize yourself with the best implants in the premium segment - with prices in Moscow on a turnkey basis for 2020. The data was collected based on an analysis of price lists for economy class clinics and the mid-price segment of Moscow.

Rating and prices for premium segment implants –

Prices for economy segment implants –

How to choose the right implant type –

When choosing a dental implant, it is especially important to take into account the planned atrophy of the bone around its neck, which will certainly occur within 1 year from the moment the implant is loaded, i.e. from the moment of prosthetics. And this is especially important when it comes to the front teeth. When implanting in an aesthetic zone (especially with a gummy type of smile), unfortunately, only more expensive implants that practically do not cause bone atrophy will be optimal - after the implant begins to experience chewing load.

If you would like to shorten the period of implant healing in order to be able to place a crown on it earlier, then it is advisable for you to choose implants with an ultra-hydrophilic surface (preferably with phosphorus molecules or fluoride ions applied to it). The same ultra-hydrophilic implants are recommended for patients in risk groups - smokers, patients with osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, older patients, and hypertensive patients. You can read more about choosing implants in the review at the link below.

Dental implantation: types of techniques

There are several classifications of implantation techniques, but the generally accepted classification is one that takes into account the timing of the load on the implant (the term “load on the implant” means the timing of prosthetics). There are 3 types of load on the implant -

–
in this case, a temporary crown or bridge is fixed immediately after installation of the implant, or within the first 72 hours after surgery. The implantation technique, which uses early prosthetics, is called one-stage dental implantation (site). The advantage of this technique is that you get a permanent bridge or crown immediately, but it will be temporary (it will be made of metal-plastic or plastic). –
in this case, prosthetics are carried out 2-6 weeks after installation of the implant, and the surgical stage will involve a technique called one-stage dental implantation (i.e., when the implant is installed immediately with the gum former). Thus, already 2-6 weeks after installing the implant into the bone, a temporary crown made of plastic or composite material is fixed onto it.

It is best if the plastic crown is made by milling (CAD/CAM technology). This will create an ideal gum contour around the implant and reduce the risk of peri-implantitis. This technique is used infrequently, because it requires ideal bone conditions (volume and density), and in addition, it requires more expensive implants with an ultra-hydrophilic surface.

–
late loading means that prosthetics are usually performed either 3-4 months after installation of the implant, or after 6-7 months (if the doctor performed bone grafting in parallel with the installation of the implant). There are two implantation methods that use late loading on the implant - one-stage or two-stage dental implantation.

Thus, different types of load on the implant imply the use of different implantation techniques. From the above, it turns out that there are three such methods - a two-stage and a one-stage method, as well as a one-stage implantation method. And now we will tell you about them in as much detail as possible.

1. Two-stage dental implantation –

This is the most reliable implantation method, with the fewest cases of implant rejection. Prosthetics with this technique are usually carried out after 3-4 months, but if bone grafting was carried out in parallel - usually after 6 months. The term “two-stage dental implantation” suggests that the surgical procedure will be divided into 2 stages (see photo and video below).

During the first stage –
you will have the implant installed in the bone, the upper part of the implant will be closed with a plug screw, and then the mucous membrane will be tightly sutured over the implant. Thus, engraftment will occur under the mucous membrane tightly sutured over the implant.
During the second stage –
at the end of the engraftment period, you will be prescribed a second small operation, during which a small hole will simply be made in the mucous membrane above the implant, the plug screw will be unscrewed and a gum former will be screwed in instead. The latter is necessary to form the contour of the gums around the implant before starting prosthetics, and 14 days after that it will be possible to begin prosthetics on the implant.

Clinical case No. 1(two-stage technique) –
1) first stage of surgery:

2) second stage of surgery + prosthetics:

Two-stage dental implantation: reviews

We repeat once again - this is the most reliable type of implantation, because... the implant is completely isolated from oral bacteria by the tightly sutured mucous membrane over it (during the entire period of engraftment of the implant to the bone). Accordingly, there is a very low risk of developing peri-implantitis. But the downside is that the patient needs to undergo a second minor surgical intervention, which is still unnecessary discomfort for patients.

When should you give preference to this technique?

If late loading of the implant is planned (after 3-6 months).
: If you smoke, then this is one of the 2 safest implantation methods that can be used in smokers (the second is the basal implantation method).
With a high concentration of pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavity: with irregular oral hygiene, with chronic inflammation of the gums, chronic tonsillitis, etc.
If you are planning a large volume of bone grafting or using a barrier membrane for guided bone regeneration.
If you have thin gums (less than 2 mm thick) and therefore need to increase the volume of soft gum tissue around the implant, for example, by adding a mucous flap taken from the palate. With thin gums, this is done to avoid subsequent gum recession and exposure of the implant neck.

Two-stage dental implantation: video of the operation

2. One-stage dental implantation –

Single-stage dental implantation (not to be confused with one-stage implantation, in which surgery and prosthetics are carried out in 1 visit) - involves surgical intervention not in 2 stages, but only in 1 stage. It looks like this - after installing the implant, the mucous membrane above it is NOT sutured tightly, and the gum former, already screwed into the implant, will protrude from under it. The purpose of this is to form a contour of the soft gum tissue around the implant - even at the stage of its engraftment to the bone.

Consequently, after the implant has finished healing, the doctor immediately begins prosthetics, because the gum contour has already been formed. And to do this, you just need to unscrew the cap sticking out above the mucous membrane. There are only two advantages to a one-stage operation. Firstly, this allows you to save 2 weeks of time, which in a two-stage operation is needed to prepare the gums for prosthetics. The second plus is a little greater psychological comfort due to the absence of unnecessary surgery.

One-stage dental implantation: a clinical case
1) surgical installation of the implant (together with the gum former):

2) prosthetics 4 months after surgery:

One-stage dental implantation: reviews
in general, this is a fairly effective and safe technique, which is especially often used when early loading of the implant is planned (2-6 weeks after surgery), and also if there is no deficiency of bone volume in this area. But with this technique there is always a slightly greater risk of bacterial infection, i.e. development of peri-implantitis. This is due to the fact that the area of osseointegration is not completely isolated from the aggressive bacterial environment of the oral cavity due to the presence of a healing abutment protruding through the mucosa.

Accordingly, this technique is contraindicated in patients with irregular oral hygiene, as well as with chronic inflammatory diseases of the gums and tonsils. The second big disadvantage is that it cannot be used in smokers, as well as in patients with a reduced immune status (in particular with compensated diabetes mellitus).

One-stage dental implantation: video

3. Simultaneous dental implantation (immediate) –

This is the fastest dental implantation, which involves immediate loading on the implant. Thus, the crown is fixed to the implant either immediately after surgery or within the first 72 hours. That is why patients often call this method the term “express dental implantation,” but implantologists themselves use the names “single-stage dental implantation” or “implantation using an immediate load protocol.”

Single-stage dental implantation - reviews from implantologists indicate that this method is especially suitable for restoration single absentees front teeth. Its advantage is that after the implantation operation is completed, a temporary plastic crown will be immediately fixed to the implant (see photo below). Thus, you will not have any aesthetic defect at all, and you will be able to smile normally throughout the period of implantation to the bone.

Single-stage dental implantation: photo
1) first stage: installation of an implant with a temporary crown –

In addition to single missing front teeth, there is another indication for single-stage implantation in case of partial absence of teeth. We are talking about the absence of 3 or more teeth in a row, but in this case exclusively basal type implants will be used (for example, “Roott Basal” or Roott “Compressive”). Within 72 hours after surgery, a non-removable metal-plastic bridge prosthesis is fixed on the implants, with which you can immediately chew normally.

By the way, after 1 year, a metal-plastic bridge can be replaced with metal-ceramics or ceramics (but if desired, this temporary bridge can be used for a total of up to 3 years). All of the implantation methods discussed above were considered by us in relation to the situation of partial absence of teeth. Next we will talk about what methods are suitable for complete dental implantation on toothless jaws.

Full dental implantation in Moscow: prices

There are a large number of implantation techniques for complete absence of teeth. Let's start with the fact that there is a classic option, when using the two-stage implantation method, 6-8 implants are installed in your jaw. The healing period will last 4-6 months, during which the patient will wear a temporary removable denture. After the specified period, permanent prosthetics with a horseshoe-shaped bridge are performed on the implants.

But there are other methods that allow you to obtain a permanent prosthesis immediately after surgery. Both basal type implants (basal implantation technique) and classic ones (All-on-4 or All-on-6 implantation techniques) can be used here. Read more about them below.

1) Basal implantation technique –

It is characterized by a special shape, as well as carving of the root part. Unlike classically shaped implants, they are installed precisely in the deeper dense basal bone, which immediately gives the implants a very high degree of stability in the bone. No later than 2-3 days after the operation, a non-removable metal-plastic bridge prosthesis is fixed to the implants. The turnkey cost for 1 jaw with prosthetics (with the installation of 8-10 Roott Basal or Roott Compressive implants) starts from 270,000 rubles.

Basal implantation technique: video

2) Simultaneous implantation according to the “All-on-4” protocol –

Methods developed by the Swiss company NobelBiocare are used in patients with complete absence of teeth in the jaw. These protocols mean that within a few hours after the operation you will receive a permanent bridge, which will be fixed on 4 or 6 implants, respectively.

Advantages of the method –

only 4 or 6 implants are required,
prosthetics already on the day of surgery,
the prosthesis is completely non-removable,
does not require bone grafting or sinus lifting if there is insufficient bone volume.

The turnkey cost for 1 jaw with prosthetics will be from 370,000 rubles (using original NobelBiocare implants).

3) Conditionally removable dentures on implants –

This is the most inexpensive type of prosthetics on implants. In this case, implants are used not to fix a fixed bridge prosthesis, but to improve the fixation of a removable plastic prosthesis. In this case, it will be a typical acrylic prosthesis, which has push-button locking attachments to 2-4 implants on the lower surface. Such a prosthesis can only be removed with special force. Its turnkey price will be from 110,000 to 130,000 rubles (depending on the number of implants).

Dental implantation: contraindications and complications

Contraindications to dental implantation can be absolute (absolutely not allowed) and relative (possible, but subject to a number of conditions).

Absolute contraindications –

Relative contraindications –

with poor oral hygiene,
if you have diseased teeth,
when smoking,
with a pathological bite,
at ,
for osteoporosis (this condition is a relative contraindication, since there are implant models designed specifically for bone tissue with low density).

Important for smokers: Smoking contributes to the development of complications and implant rejection. However, reducing the incidence of complications in smokers can also be achieved by choosing the right implantation technique. They will prefer -

if 1 or several teeth in a row are missing, then a two-stage implantation technique is optimal, in which the implant will heal under the mucous membrane tightly sutured over the implant (within 3-6 months),
if more than 3 teeth in a row are missing in the lateral parts of the jaws, then the basal implantation technique would be a good option.

Complications after implantation –

The use of modern implantation techniques and high-quality implants has allowed the success of this method to increase over the past 20 years. On average, the survival rate of implants for 7-10 years is now at the level of 95-98% success. Moreover, success rates in the lower jaw are higher than in the upper jaw. This is due to the fact that the lower jaw bone is denser, which gives good primary stability to the implants immediately after their installation.

Thus, implant failure is usually very rare, and the main reason for patient dissatisfaction is the deterioration of the aesthetics of the gum-to-implant seal. At the initial stage, it may look like a barely noticeable cyanosis of the gums, which will gradually increase. In the future, gum recession and exposure of the implant neck may appear (Fig. 16). We hope that our article on the topic: Dental implantation types and prices was informative for you!

Sources:

1. Add. professional,
2. Personal experience of a dental surgeon (implantologist),
3. American Academy of Implant Dentistry (AAID),
4. National Library of Medicine (USA),
5. The National Center for Biotechnology Information (USA),
6. “Dental Implantology: Surgical Aspects” (Michael S. Block),
7. https://www.realself.com/.

Completely edentulous. Causes of occurrence. Methods and features of implantation, cost of treatment.

Make an appointment Call back

Complete or partial absence of dentition is a serious problem not only for a person’s appearance, but also for his health. People with this pathology cannot ignore it for a long time, but they are still rarely treated in a timely manner, which contributes to the development of many adverse consequences. Missing teeth leads to the following problems:

Indigestion due to the inability to chew with the subsequent development of gastrointestinal diseases;
Incorrect speech, often almost unintelligible (especially in patients who have not been treated for a long time, as their jaws are atrophying);
Gradual deformation of the face due to resorption of the alveolar processes (there is no load on them).

There may be several solutions to the situation, but the optimal option is considered to be complete jaw implantation with the installation of a custom-made prosthesis. There is no need to be afraid to go to a dental clinic if you are missing natural teeth, because this problem has been successfully solved by doctors for a long time.

Why does complete edentia occur?

As a rule, teeth are destroyed in adults due to severe inflammatory processes in the oral cavity. The most common causes of edentia:

Deep caries. An inflammatory process that spreads to the entire surface of the tooth and affects it to the roots. As a result, the dentist has no choice but to remove the damaged area. Caries tends to gradually spread to other teeth, which is why the process gradually leads to edentia.
Periodontitis and periodontal disease. With this pathology, the problem is not damage to the teeth, but the destruction of the bonds that hold the tooth in the socket. The disease proceeds for a long time without visible manifestations, and is diagnosed only after the appearance of pathological mobility of the teeth. After this, it is too late to treat the problem - the teeth are removed.
Periodontitis. An infectious lesion of periodontal tissue that spreads from the roots of the tooth, that is, it is a consequence of caries.

You can avoid complete loss or removal of teeth with timely treatment from a dentist. Some of the pathologies are not visible in the early stages, so you need to make preventive visits to the doctor 1-2 times a year.

What implantation techniques exist?

Implantation is the process of fixing special structures on the alveolar processes that will serve as artificial roots. Then removable or fixed dentures (depending on the wishes and indications of the patient) are attached to the implants, which will fully function in place of the lost teeth. Titanium is usually used to install implants. It does not cause any reactions in the human body, in particular a rejection reaction.

Jaw implantation in the absence of teeth is the best option for solving the problem, as it allows you to place dentures quite physiologically and return a person to a beautiful smile. There are several methods of full implantation, from which the dentist chooses the most suitable for a particular patient. A person should participate in the discussion of their treatment, listen to all the advantages and disadvantages of types of implantation in order to imagine the future results of therapy.

Single-stage implantation

Complete dental restoration is a modern way to solve the problem of edentia. To carry it out, implants of a specific shape are used. This implantation of the entire dentition involves attaching artificial roots to the basal area of the jaw, which is not subject to atrophic phenomena.

Advantages of basal implantation if you don’t have your own teeth:

Short duration of treatment (on average, fewer visits to the dentist are required than with classical treatment, and the healing period is shorter);
Relatively low cost (full jaw implantation requires only 6-10 implants, which allows patients to save money);
There is no need for additional stages of treatment, since the technique is designed to work in the conditions that the patient initially has.

Single-stage implantation, if there are no teeth, involves fixing the crowns within 3-4 days after installation. The patient can immediately use the artificial jaws for their intended purpose, which is why the technique is called “with immediate physical activity.” Loads on implants contribute to their speedy and complete engraftment, which is why such implantation of the entire dentition remains quite popular.

Two-stage (classical) implantation

Classical implant fixation consists of two stages: installation of the roots themselves, fixation of the crowns. Moreover, the interval between stages can be about six months, which immediately frightens many patients. Although in fact, complete dental implantation of the classical type has a number of important advantages:

Distribution of the load on the jaw, anatomically correct restoration of the chewing process;
Reliable fixation of implants and prostheses, since the structures are attached deep to the bone tissue of the jaw and reliably fuse with it;
Complete preservation of the chewing load (no need to be afraid to eat apples, nuts and many other hard foods).

The main disadvantage of classical implantation is the duration of treatment. Moreover, many patients experience severe atrophy of the alveolar processes, which creates the need for bone grafting, rehabilitation after which takes another 3-4 months.

Mini-implantation for removable dentures

Modern dentistry offers jaw implantation in the absence of teeth, which does not involve the attachment of fixed dentures. This treatment uses special small implants that are attached even in conditions of severe atrophy. The structures are the basis for the future installation of removable dentures, that is, they help support them and improve the distribution of load on individual areas of the jaw.

This procedure, within the framework of the complete absence of dentition, has the following good and not so good features:

Mini-implants minimally injure the bone and surrounding soft tissues, and therefore take root quickly;
The structures can withstand minor loads, so only removable dentures are attached to them, and during operation it is necessary to constantly monitor physical impacts;
Improper distribution of load on the jaw leads to its gradual atrophy and exposure of the implants, which begin to loosen and fall out along with the dentures.

In general, mini-implants provide additional support for removable dentures, but provide the patient with replacement of lost teeth for up to 10 years rather than forever. The procedure is inexpensive, but it cannot be used as a full-fledged treatment.

Tamara Vladimirovna

I have contacted Vladimir Igorevich Strigin regarding the installation of bridges since 2016. The doctor works highly professionally, with minimal adjustments. Often one fitting is enough and the new bridges feel in the oral cavity almost like natural teeth, no discomfort or inconvenience! I am very pleased with the quality of Vladimir Igorevich’s work!

Anastasia

I had veneers installed by Vladimir Igorevich Strigin. The doctor is polite and attentive. Focused on the ideal result and always listens to the client's wishes. I am very pleased with the result. special thanks to the polite staff of the clinic.

Features of implantation

When fully implanting a jaw, we must not forget that the patient may require several additional manipulations. If there are contraindications to treatment, the doctor first stabilizes the person’s condition and only then performs the operation. However, this is not the only intermediate situation that arises in the process of implantation of the entire dentition.

Bone grafting

Bone atrophy in patients who have completely lost teeth is the most common and problematic situation, since in most cases it cannot be ignored. On average, significant resorption of the alveolar processes occurs within 3-4 months, so long-term ignoring of the problem, wearing removable dentures, and lack of load on the bone lead to its resorption.

Full dental implantation involves the introduction of structures into the jaw, which requires at least the minimum thickness and height of the alveolar process. The solution to the problem is to perform an intermediate step - . It is an operation to compensate for the deficiency of the alveolar ridge in various ways. Most often, modern synthetic materials are used to increase the volume of fabrics.

Bone grafting can solve the problem of atrophy, but requires additional time. Some of the surgical options involve simultaneous bone restoration and implantation, but doctors are not always able to combine the procedures without risks for the patient. In cases where the possible consequences exceed the need to save time, dentists refrain from rushing and divide the procedure into several stages.

Temporary prosthetics

Classical implantation of the entire dentition takes a lot of time, but allows you to get rid of the problem for life. During treatment, the patient has to wear temporary removable dentures, which are made to order or offered ready-made (it all depends on the patient’s financial situation). With such a replacement of the dentition, it will not be possible to lead a full life, but at least some improvement will be present, especially if you choose the correct fastening of the dentures.

How much does implantation cost for completely edentulous patients?

The cost of a full jaw implant depends on several factors:

Degree of alveolar ridge atrophy;
The type of implantation that will be performed;
Number of artificial roots;
Material for fixed dentures;
Type of intermediate prosthetics.

On average, classical implantation with fixation of 8 implants (4 on each jaw), without bone grafting costs from 100 thousand rubles. However, such treatment is used in isolated cases. At a minimum, bone grafting is required more often than every second patient.

Preparation for the process

Carrying out implantation in the absence of teeth is a fairly traumatic procedure that requires local (in rare cases general) anesthesia. Therefore, the examination of the patient at the preparatory stage should be comprehensive and thorough. During the initial stage of treatment, the following activities are carried out:

Conducting general laboratory tests to assess the general health of a person (the presence of inflammation, failure of various organs, and so on);
Clinical examination of the patient by a dentist (examination of the oral cavity);
Instrumental studies to obtain a complete picture of the structure and shape of the human dentofacial apparatus (two-dimensional and three-dimensional photographs are taken);
Consultation with an anesthesiologist and conducting an allergy test for an anesthetic;
Professional teeth cleaning to create the most sterile conditions in the oral cavity.

The doctor must carefully discuss each step with the patient, obtain his consent to perform any manipulations, announce the exact cost of treatment, and exclude contraindications. It is best to be treated under the all-inclusive program, which implies a fixed cost for implantation of the entire dentition and allows you to save money.