Nausea and vomiting are reflex defense reactions of the body that help cleanse the digestive tract of substances hazardous to health. A person may experience an attack of nausea, even if the toxic substances entered the body not through the digestive tract, but, for example, through the lungs.

Vomiting can also be a symptom of many diseases - gastritis, cholecystitis, gastropoiesis, etc. Regardless of the reasons that caused the child to vomit, you should immediately consult a doctor, especially if you cannot determine exactly what caused the attack or if the child is severely nauseous, vomits bile, or has a fever. An experienced doctor can determine the range of possible causes by the nature of the vomit, so it is advisable for parents to pay attention to them.

For example, if a child is vomiting bile, the vomit will be yellow or green in color and taste bitter. Often, severe abdominal pain is observed, and sometimes the temperature rises.

Helping your child vomit

Let's consider a general algorithm for what to do if a child vomits bile:

• consult a doctor, describe the child’s condition in detail;
• calm the child, yourself and your family;
• normalize body temperature;
• do gastric lavage. Lavage is done until the stomach is free of all contents. If the child loses consciousness or is constantly unconscious, rinsing cannot be done;
• give a couple of glasses of water and activated carbon (or other absorbent drug) to drink;
• provide the child with peace, put him to bed;
• if after some time the attack recurs, you can give water with added salt (0.5 tsp per glass of water) or soda (on the tip of a knife per glass of water);
• after a child vomits bile, he is not given food for an average of 6-12 hours (or as recommended by doctors);
• Under no circumstances should a child be left alone, unattended.

Causes of vomiting bile in a child

Let's look at the reasons why a child vomits bile. Most often, attacks of nausea and vomiting in children occur after consuming fatty, spicy and fried foods (especially at night). Vomiting of bile most often has causes in children such as biliary dyskinesia, blockage of the bile ducts or other pathologies of the gallbladder and biliary tract. Also, a child may regurgitate bile due to appendicitis and various types of poisoning.

To prevent vomiting of bile in children, the following preventive measures should be observed: promptly receive qualified medical care and care for any diseases, maintain a healthy lifestyle, do not miss scheduled preventive medical examinations, eat a nutritious and varied diet, observe hygiene rules, harden the body, etc. d.

In normal condition it shouldn't. This occurs in the case of diseases of the digestive system. When you have a child, this is a serious reason to worry. If such a situation arises, parents do not need to panic, but calm the child and provide first aid. This is especially important if the vomit is green, and the child lies exhausted after it, with yellow whites of the eyes. You need to contact your local pediatrician or infectious disease specialist as soon as possible.

Why does a child vomit bile?

Vomiting with bile masses occurs in children with psycho-emotional overload, overwork, disruption of the vestibular apparatus, and overeating. There are three reasons for vomiting with fever: intestinal infection, poisoning, or an attack of acute pancreatitis.

There are a number of other serious diseases that lead to the problem. This is infectious, gastritis, duodenitis, as well as the initial stage of meningitis. An additional symptom of meningitis is stiffness of the muscles of the back of the neck and occipital muscles. That is, the child cannot tilt his head forward.

There are also age-related features that result in vomiting with bile.

In infancy

Breasts often burp after feeding. Normally, a white curd mass is regurgitated. If this mass is colored greenish or yellow, then there is reason to be wary and immediately contact your local pediatrician.

Contact a doctor immediately if the baby’s stomach is hard, there is bleeding, vomiting is “fountaining,” the temperature has risen, and there is no bowel movement.

It could be:

1. Congenital pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. This includes intestinal obstruction, narrowing of the pyloric section of the child’s stomach, and pathology of the biliary tract.
2. Difficult or premature labor, when the baby may have swallowed amniotic fluid, can cause regurgitation of yellow masses. This syndrome is observed especially in premature infants, whose gastrointestinal tract is imperfect due to premature birth.
3. An unsuccessful birth, when the child has experienced hypoxia, can cause neurological disorders. This also affects the feeding process; nervous spasm leads to the reverse flow of food mixed with bile.

Regurgitation of food and vomiting in a baby are not the same thing. The latter is always a pathology. You should immediately consult a doctor, especially if the vomit is mixed with bile.

In relation to children in the first months of life, no initiative should be taken, especially when such terrible symptoms as vomiting with bile are observed.

In children from one year old and teenagers

At the age of one year and older, vomiting bile is not that uncommon. It can be caused by fatty foods, headaches, nervous tension, and unusual foods. As a rule, vomiting occurs once. The child comes to his senses very quickly after it and feels normal. But this doesn't always happen. Parents should know what can cause:

1. If your baby vomits bile in the morning, it may mean he was fed a fatty, heavy meal the night before. If this is not followed by any other signs, this is a clue that it is not advisable to feed children at night. Any malnutrition can cause vomiting, sometimes with bile.
2. A teenager may vomit bile after alcohol poisoning or after smoking his first cigarettes in his life. These are signals for parents that are more of a pedagogical nature than a reason to see a doctor.
3. If vomiting of bile is preceded by nausea, then most likely the provocateur is gallbladder disease - or. You should consult a doctor immediately.
4. Vomiting of bile without fever or diarrhea can be caused by intestinal obstruction caused by adhesions, volvulus, or diverticulosis of the colon. Such dysfunctions are accompanied by severe pain and bloating. The situation is extremely serious and requires hospitalization and surgical intervention. Vomit has a characteristic odor similar to feces.
5. An acute attack of pancreatitis also causes similar symptoms. The presence of bile in the vomit is explained by the fact that it is inflammation of the biliary tract. All this is accompanied by acute girdling pain and fever.

Fever, diarrhea and other associated symptoms

With a combination of fever, vomiting and diarrhea, the following can be assumed:

1. The child was poisoned by stale food. Although the point here is not poisoning, but the fact that a whole colony of pathogenic bacteria has appeared in stale products. Once in the baby’s gastrointestinal tract, they suppressed the beneficial intestinal microflora and began to multiply rapidly. Hence the fever, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. All this is accompanied by a headache. Here you cannot do without special antibiotics for the gastrointestinal tract.
2. Pancreatitis will paint the same picture. But in addition there is severe pain of a girdle nature.
3. can cause an increase in temperature up to 40°C, severe pain in the right hypochondrium. Vomiting with bile in cholecystitis is an obligatory component. Diarrhea may or may not happen.
4. Parenteral or enteral gives the same picture. The first type is given to the child through a blood transfusion or injection. This, and G. The second type of hepatitis appears as a result of infection and E from infected water or dirty hands.

When vomiting is accompanied by diarrhea and fever, signs of dehydration may appear.

If a child vomits in the morning, this indicates overeating of fatty, spicy or fried foods consumed during dinner.

It is necessary to give the child plenty of fluids with rehydrants (for example, Regidron), which should be in every home medicine cabinet. Without them, the baby's condition will worsen every minute.

What should parents do?

If a child begins to have attacks of vomiting mixed with bile, while the body temperature rises, there is bloating and pain, it is necessary to urgently call a doctor or an ambulance. Any of your actions can aggravate the already difficult situation of the child.

First aid

Before the ambulance arrives, try to position the child so that he cannot choke on vomit. Place pillows under his back so that his head is much higher than his body. Give him something to drink: even if it makes him vomit after a while, it will flush his stomach. This is important if a child is poisoned by poor-quality food. It is advisable to give the child enterosorbents that will absorb bitterness, bile and toxins that poison the gastrointestinal tract.

The first thing parents should do is calm the baby. To do this, they themselves need to pull themselves together and not show fear or panic. After clearing the baby of vomit, try to soberly assess the situation:

1. Examine the baby's tummy: is there any bloating?
2. Ask your child, if he can speak, whether his stomach hurts, whether he feels sick or not.
3. If there is no swelling and the temperature does not rise, then poisoning may be occurring. First aid for poisoning is to give the baby a 1% saline solution, which will induce vomiting. Then give an enterosorbent, which will help the digestive tract cleanse itself of pathogenic microflora and toxins, cover the intestines with a protective film, and absorb gases, preventing bloating and flatulence.
4. You can very carefully palpate the baby's tummy, observing his reaction. Based on where the grimace of pain appears, you can judge what caused the problem. Right hypochondrium - or, iliac region - stomach or pancreas. The left or right side is slightly lower - colon diverticulosis is possible. Then you need to urgently call an ambulance.

Should I call a doctor?

If the vomiting was one-time, and gastric lavage and taking enterosorbent had their effect, then there is no need to call a doctor. The condition of the child will show you this. But there are cases, which have already been mentioned above, when calling a doctor, and sometimes an ambulance, is necessary:

1. Vomiting of bile in a child with fever does not stop; each intake of liquid causes a new attack.
2. A high temperature has risen (above 38.5°C) and does not fall.
3. The baby's belly is swollen and painful, causing crying.
4. Vomiting of bile is accompanied by diarrhea and high fever. There is nothing to think about; you need to urgently call a doctor or an ambulance.

In these cases, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Drug therapy

If a child is vomiting bile, then without diagnosis it is better to refrain from unauthorized “prescribing” of medications.

The most common cause of gallbladder disease is the early transfer of a child to a common family table. The enzyme system in children under 7 years of age is still poorly developed, so an adult diet is not suitable for them. Also, vomiting with bile can be a harbinger of appendicitis.

But there are universal drugs:

1. Rehydrants – Rehydron or Trihydrosol, which you should always have in your first aid kit. These solutions will help prevent dehydration in children and adults.
2. Enterosorbents. There are several types of enterosorbents, each of which performs certain protective functions for gastrointestinal disorders. Carbon enterosorbents are the most common of them (Activated carbon, Sorbex, White carbon, etc.).
3. Silicon-containing sorbents in the form of powder or paste, for example, Enterosgel, can even be given to infants by stirring them in milk. This sorbent removes endogenous and exogenous toxins from the gastrointestinal tract, formed during the life of pathogenic microflora, without affecting the beneficial intestinal microflora.

Hospital procedures

When a child vomits bile, the situation is force majeure; here you can only provide all possible first aid and wait for the local doctor or ambulance. The necessary procedures can only be performed in a hospital setting:

1. Gastric lavage using a tube in case of severe poisoning.
2. An enema or Esmarch mug is given to a child to cleanse the intestines in order to conduct further studies of the gastrointestinal tract.

This is where all procedures end until the reasons are clarified.

When the child’s vomiting stops, it should be given only at his request, in small portions, avoiding the following foods:

• drinks containing caffeine;
• sparkling water and sweets;
• fatty, heavy foods.

You need to prepare light vegetarian puree soups, liquid porridges with water, rosehip decoctions as tea (can be sweetened with honey.) Then you can add fermented milk products - natural yoghurts without sweeteners with biscuits. This is how you should feed your child, gradually transferring him to his usual diet.

Surgical treatment

If a child has adhesions, intestinal volvulus, and as a result, intestinal obstruction, then surgical treatment is indicated for him. Such treatment is carried out only if conservative methods fail. The operation is performed using two methods:

1. Abdominal surgery. The abdominal cavity is opened and the twisted intestine is untwisted, or part of the intestine affected by necrosis is removed.
2. Laparoscopy method. A puncture is made in the peritoneum and a laparoscope is inserted - a device equipped with a television camera, a light source and surgical manipulative instruments. This is a gentle surgical method. Thanks to this method, bloodless operations are performed to remove the appendix, etc.

Folk remedies

If a child has had a one-time vomiting of bile, folk remedies can be given to soothe irritated mucous membranes of the digestive organs.

Recipes for infusions and decoctions of medicinal herbs:

• Infusion of chamomile and angelica. 1 tsp. Infuse herbs in a glass of boiling water for 1.5-2 hours, take 10-15 ml three times a day 30 minutes before meals.
• Brew dill seeds (1 tsp) in 200 ml of boiling water. Drink 1 tbsp. l. before eating.
• Brew rose hips in a thermos overnight. 1 tbsp per 0.5 liter of water. Give your child water between meals.

What is prohibited

It is forbidden to leave a child without medical attention and without supervision, even for one moment, while an attack of vomiting with bile continues. There is a high risk that he will choke on vomit. The worst outcome is death, and aspiration pneumonia is also possible.

You cannot give your baby medications at your own discretion, without a doctor’s prescription. The consequences can be fatal.

Consequences of vomiting

They depend on what caused the problem. In case of poisoning or infection there will be no complications. If the gastrointestinal tract is disrupted, the consequence will be long-term treatment on an outpatient basis or in a hospital setting.

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– This is a protective function of the body, acting reflexively. Usually, vomiting is first preceded by nausea, stomach cramps begin, and increased salivation appears. The exit to the intestine closes, but the esophagus expands and the inlet opens.

The stomach pushes its contents out through the esophagus and mouth. This process is regulated by the vomiting center located in the medulla oblongata. During the process of vomiting, leftover food, gastric juice, mucus, and sometimes bile are thrown out of the stomach. Even less common is blood or purulent discharge.

A healthy child will not vomit!

Vomiting occurs in the following cases:

• An inflammatory process in the stomach caused by infection.
• liver, gastrointestinal tract.
• Increased intracranial pressure due to birth trauma.

Vomiting can occur in both adults and small children. She doesn't just appear. There are always reasons, and this is a serious cause for concern. Especially if the child is vomiting.

Vomiting of bile in infants

The cause of vomiting in infants is often improper latching of the breast when sucking. The baby swallows air, which causes a similar stomach reaction. Vomiting in babies is caused by overeating due to incorrect calculation of feeding rates. Often the feeding rate on the packaging is overestimated. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out such calculations together with your pediatrician.

But if a baby vomits like a fountain in the first 2-4 weeks, if the vomit is bilious-greenish in color and exceeds the amount eaten, if the baby’s urine is blood-red, and the stool is extremely rare, there is every reason to be wary. There are all the signs of pathology of the gastric outlet. This outlet, connecting the stomach to the intestines, is so narrow that even the baby's liquid food is not able to pass through it.

Sometimes you can't do without hospitalization

The pathology is very life-threatening for the baby, so you should immediately contact a children's medical facility. Because this pathology can only be corrected surgically. Another, not so dangerous, but extremely unpleasant problem in infants is pylorospasm, or pyloric spasm, which can also cause frequent bouts of vomiting and regurgitation in infants, especially girls.

The cause of this pathology is the immaturity of the neuromuscular ligaments, which lead to premature relaxation of the muscle after feeding. The vomit contains food residues with bile. These babies gain weight very slowly. The only measure to prevent pylorospasm may be frequent feedings, but in reduced portions. And constant monitoring by a pediatrician and pediatric neurologist.

Another serious pathology that occurs in infants, accompanied by vomiting with bile, lack of stool and bleeding from the anus, is intussusception. In other words, obstruction. At the first signs of such a pathology, the baby should be immediately taken to the hospital and operated on. You can also understand that the baby has an intestinal obstruction by the fact that the child turns pale, does not allow his tummy to be touched, and peristalsis cannot be heard.

Every mother should know that vomiting in a baby does not just happen. A healthy child, as a rule, does not vomit. Vomiting in a baby is an SOS signal from his body, and immediate action must be taken.

Do not self-medicate, do not experiment on your baby. Breasts are very delicate creatures; not all of the baby’s organs are fully formed, so raising a healthy child can only be done in close collaboration with a local pediatrician.

It’s great if the mother’s phone number in the first place in her phone book is the phone number of the local pediatrician, and in such cases she will consult first with her doctor, and then only look for answers on forums on the Internet.

Vomiting of bile in young children and adolescents

Elevated temperature during vomiting is an alarming symptom

Vomiting with the presence of bile is accompanied by bitterness in the mouth. The contents are greenish in color. Occurs in the following cases:

• Abuse of fatty, fried foods;
• Develops or pancreas;
• Gastric pathologies;
• Acute intestinal infections;
• Liver diseases;
• Poisoning from chemicals and even alcoholic beverages.

If an infection is suspected, mothers are often given tetracycline antibiotics. But drugs from this group of antibiotics often themselves provoke nausea and vomiting. This must be known and taken into account in the process of treating a child.

What to do?

Did your child vomit bile? First of all, it is necessary not to panic. If you guess the cause of vomiting and suspect poisoning, do a gastric lavage. And then give it to him. If you are sure that there could be no poisoning, then it is better to give him cool boiled water with mint drops. Put the child to bed. If he has a fever, give him an antipyretic. At such moments, people usually do not want to eat.

Do not insist, let the patient’s stomach clear, do not feed for 5-6 hours. If vomiting continues frequently, give your child warm, boiled water to drink to avoid dehydration. You can also, and this is recommended by traditional healers, dilute orange juice with boiled water and give the child this drink. Do not leave your child alone, unattended while he is sick. If within 12-18 hours the little patient’s condition does not improve or begins to worsen, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Do not refuse to admit your baby to the hospital if the doctor recommends hospitalization. In a hospital setting, the correct diagnosis will be made and the doctor will prescribe treatment.

Bend of the gallbladder

A substance called bile is concentrated in the gallbladder and is actively involved in digestion, and in particular in the breakdown of fats. Bile travels through the common bile duct to where it performs its functions.

Often the cause of vomiting with a small amount of bile is a bend in the gallbladder. This pathology has become increasingly common in children aged 6-10 years in recent years. It is often asymptomatic, but if the bend completely blocks the bile ducts, the disease can be accompanied by acute pain, loss of appetite, and vomiting. If a set of such symptoms appears, you should immediately go to the hospital. The doctor will prescribe treatment and determine a diet. If a child has been diagnosed with a bent gallbladder, there is no need to panic.

As a rule, the child outgrows this pathology. The internal organs also grow and usually straighten out. Diet is important to ensure that the gallbladder does not work with overload, does not produce more bile than it can dump into the intestines, and that stones do not form.

Prevention

A child should not be left unattended when vomiting.

Poisoning can be caused not only by accidentally drinking chemicals, but also by simply stale food. Therefore, when buying products in a store, always check the expiration dates and release dates of the products. Before giving anything to your child, make sure of its quality for yourself. The younger the child, the more care must be taken when choosing food.

Keep chemicals and medications away from the child's eyes. It’s better if the cabinet with chemicals is locked with a key. Having barely learned to crawl, small children strive to explore the world. And the only source of such knowledge for them remains the mouth. They try to taste everything that falls into their hands. Remember this and choose safe toys for kids. Wash them often. Remove anything that could harm your baby from sight.

The child's menu should contain as little fried, smoked and fatty foods as possible. The children's digestive system is not adapted to frequent stress.

Feed your children soups with meat or chicken broth, fish soup. Give more fruits, boiled or raw vegetables. And let such dishes as cutlets, fried fish, or even fried fish become a Sunday delicacy. For children who have problems with the gallbladder and pancreas, these products should be excluded altogether.

Traditional healers recommend giving a child prepared at the rate of 1 tbsp as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent. spoon of chopped rose hips per 1 cup of boiling water. This infusion must be boiled for 2-3 minutes, poured into a thermos, where it will infuse for 3-4 hours. Drink half a glass 3 times a day.

Vomiting, regurgitation in a child in the first month of life, what diseases need to be excluded? Answers in video consultation:

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Even an increase in temperature often does not cause young parents to panic as much as vomiting in a child, especially if there are no obvious reasons such as malnutrition or the flu virus, and the baby does not have diarrhea or abdominal pain. Why might this situation happen? What if attacks often recur, and in what situation is surgical treatment required?

The gag reflex algorithm is based on spasm of the digestive organs, as well as the abdominal muscles. The contents of the stomach, when the outlet is blocked, rises upward, where the entrance to the stomach opens, and then moves along the dilated esophagus. Mostly vomit is expelled through the mouth, but in some cases it can go through the nose. The posterior part of the brain, where the vomiting center is located, is responsible for this process.

Vomiting in children and adults can be noticed in its infancy stage, as it is accompanied by characteristic symptoms:

• increased swallowing;
• increased secretion of saliva;
• feeling of heaviness in the throat;
• epigastric pain (if vomiting is associated with digestive problems).

Mostly the contents of the digestive tract come out, represented by food debris mixed with gastric juice, but it is possible that the following will be observed in the vomit:

• pus;
• bile;
• blood.

Reasons

Most of the prerequisites for vomiting are related to the state of the digestive tract: from the entry of a foreign body into the esophagus, which cannot be coughed up for a long time (typical of a child under one year old), to food poisoning or exacerbation of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. It is possible to give an answer to why the child started vomiting only after studying the associated factors and the nature of the vomit. Among the particularly obvious causes of a gastroenterological nature are:

• acute gastritis;
• bile duct dysfunction;
• liver diseases;
• acute appendicitis.

Infectious diseases can also cause vomiting, and they may not even be accompanied by fever. The urge to cleanse the stomach is a frequent symptom of intoxication of any nature, so it can occur during the flu, during a helminthic infestation, and even during long-term treatment with antibiotics. An additional nuance is an allergy to medications that irritate the gastric mucosa, which provokes a gag reflex.

Separately, doctors note the influence of psychogenic factors and diseases characterized by disorders of the nervous system. A sudden attack (from the point of view of the health of the gastrointestinal tract and the “purity” of the diet – causeless) can be provoked by:

• strong excitement;
• stress;
• meningitis;
• concussion;
• increased intracranial pressure.

No temperature

If the stool is normal, there are no symptoms of a viral disease, but weakness is observed, there are complaints of headache or dizziness, and neurological abnormalities are possible that provoke pressure on the posterior part of the brain. Some of these conditions are caused by congenital disorders acquired during the formation of the fetus or as a result of birth trauma. So, in case of cerebral pathology, vomiting is observed in a fountain. If we consider acquired neurological disorders, these may be:

• head injuries, including concussion;
• meningitis;
• brain tumors.

No fever or diarrhea

In case of diseases of the nervous system, after experiencing a psycho-emotional breakdown, severe shock, or a sharp jump in arterial or intracranial pressure in a small child, doctors do not deny functional vomiting. In infants, everything is often limited to copious regurgitation, especially after feeding, since the digestive tract is not yet perfect. In older children, the cause of such a functional reaction is an unstable psyche - neurotic vomiting can occur in response to:

• punishment;
• compulsion;
• quarrel.

Separately, doctors distinguish psychogenic vomiting, which occurs during force feeding when the child refuses food. There are no health problems. All these cases are not symptoms of serious pathologies and they mostly disappear on their own as the nervous system develops, but they can also be observed in a teenager. Treatment in such a situation should be aimed at normalizing the psycho-emotional background, often requiring a visit to a psychologist.

Vomiting and diarrhea in a child without fever

Attempts by the body to cleanse the stomach that are not associated with infections and viruses may be associated with diseases of the digestive system and metabolic disorders (especially with diabetes). Often without fever, but with diarrhea, vomiting is symptoms of poisoning or an allergic reaction to certain food components: gluten, lactose, glucose. Rejection of fruits and vegetables is possible, especially in children. An active cough during exacerbation of bronchitis also provokes the onset of the process.

Frequent vomiting

Frequent vomiting is also possible in the following cases:

• severe poisoning;
• acute gastrointestinal diseases (mainly after eating);
• problems with the endocrine system.

The child is vomiting and has a stomach ache, no fever

If the attack is continuous, it may be associated with helminthic infestation or be a sign of appendicitis (pain will appear to the right of the navel). Particularly severe causes of vomiting in children without fever, but with abdominal pain:

• exacerbation of ulcers;
• erosive gastritis;
• polyposis

Green color

Cholecystitis, pancreatitis, gastritis and even reflux disease are the most obvious reasons for the release of green vomit. Attacks may be frequent, and therefore the child gradually loses weight. The acquisition of a clear green tint in the released stomach contents can be explained not only by the presence of bile in it, but also by the recent consumption of spinach, dill, and other products of a similar color.

With fever without diarrhea

If a child catches a viral infection, which manifests itself as a high temperature on the first day, and the next morning the condition has not improved, the nausea will be permanent and may result in an urge to cleanse the intestines. Long-term preservation of temperature during acute respiratory viral infections and acute respiratory infections is intoxication, which each body fights in its own way. It is especially difficult to tolerate in infancy and preschool age: doctors advise calling an ambulance if, against the background of a rise in temperature that lasts for more than a day, vomiting occurs, but the stool is normal.

Night

If the baby wakes up due to strong gag reflexes, and then the stomach is cleansed, there is a risk that the cause is a duodenal ulcer. An additional factor confirming this diagnosis is abdominal pain, which subsides after the masses are released, but for several hours. However, not every case of peptic ulcer manifests itself as a night attack, but only with excessive production of gastric juice and its increased acidity. There are no food particles or additional impurities in the vomit - it is only gastric juice.

With regard to a single urge that occurred at night, especially in a small child, we can assume:

• fright;
• long-term horizontal position for gastrointestinal pathologies;
• evening overeating;
• stuffiness in the apartment.

With bile

The appearance of bile in vomit primarily indicates problems with the organs that produce it. In rare cases, this may even be characteristic of an upset stomach, but mainly the problem is in the functioning of the gallbladder, pancreas, and bile ducts. Liver diseases cannot be ruled out. It is necessary to clarify whether the child has congenital pathologies of these organs - against their background, even a slight nutritional error can provoke a gag reflex. This is especially noticeable in children whose diet their parents begin to expand with heavy foods.

Additionally, the appearance of bile is typical for:

• infectious diseases that are accompanied by severe and frequent attacks of gastric emptying;
• acute intestinal infections;
• viral hepatitis.

After eating

If, within 20-30 minutes from the moment of eating, the child notices the appearance of urges or the digestive tract is emptied, there is a risk that the reason lies in overeating or the quality of nutrition. Firstly, this may be a reaction of weak bile ducts to foods that are too fatty: hard on the pancreas and liver. Secondly, the stomach can react similarly if a product of poor quality gets into it, or if there is a history of an ulcer or acute gastritis. Additionally, the child will complain that his stomach hurts or that he has heartburn.

Diagnostics

Emetology studies gag reflexes, but there are no separate specialists in this field yet, so if you are concerned about constant nausea in a child, even in the absence of other symptoms of deterioration in health, you need to visit a gastroenterologist. He will conduct an initial examination using abdominal palpation, get acquainted with the complaints, and then may send you to a neurologist or issue a referral to:

• Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity;
• FEGDS (insertion of a probe through the esophagus);
• X-ray of the stomach with contrast agent;
• analysis of stool, urine and blood.

What to do

Before deciding how to treat vomiting in a child, you need to find out exactly why it happened. Additionally, you should decide on its nature: periodic attacks can be easily stopped with dopamine blockers, vestibular nausea is also prevented. If all the additional symptoms of digestive problems appear - uncontrollable diarrhea, vomit with bile, abdominal pain, you need to call a pediatrician. Your doctor should advise you on specific effective medications for children.

First aid

The main thing that parents need to do is to calm their child, since an abundance of gag reflexes can provoke a panic attack, and if they are accompanied by attacks of bile release, loss of consciousness, etc., this becomes severe stress for the baby. Afterwards, he may be left with psychological trauma and a subconscious fear of repetition. Regarding how to help a child with vomiting, doctors give several tips:

• To prevent dangerous symptoms of dehydration, the child should be provided with plenty of fluids (clean water only), especially if multiple attacks are observed.
• Give the baby a solution of Smecta (1 sachet per glass of warm water), which must be drunk very slowly. If this medicine is not available, use activated charcoal.
• When vomiting, an infant should be held almost vertically; an adult should be placed so that the head is significantly higher than the body.

Drug treatment

The use of medications has 2 goals: to eliminate the cause that provoked the urge to vomit, and to eliminate a particularly disturbing symptom. In the latter situation, it is practiced to prescribe antiemetic drugs that relieve spasm and act on the brain. The most effective and safe are Cerucal, Domperidone, Motilium. In addition to them, the following can be used:

• Glucose-saline solutions, among which Regidron, Gastrolit, Gidrovit are especially recommended, can be taken after each vomiting attack to prevent dehydration.
• Sorbents - Bifidumbacterin, Polysorb, Enterosgel are necessary if there is excessive emptying of the stomach due to poisoning, loose stools.
• Sedatives - if the baby is restless and the gag reflex is intensified by spasms from strong crying. Barbiturates are predominantly used.
• Neuroleptics - make sense in case of drug intoxication, recommended for the treatment of cerebral vomiting.
• Antibiotics - only for intestinal infections, prescribed by a doctor after an accurate diagnosis.

Treatment with folk remedies

Regarding what to give a child when vomiting without fever, so that it does not harm the child’s body, Dr. Komarovsky advises resorting to herbs with an antispasmodic effect: mint leaves, dill seeds and even green tea with lemon. However, they will only weaken the intensity of the urge to vomit, but will not cure the baby. A full course of therapy should be drawn up after the diagnosis has been clarified.

Therapeutic diet

Even in the absence of gastrointestinal diseases, doctors advise taking care of the baby’s diet, removing heavy foods from him for a month. Food is steamed or boiled, fed in small portions and removed from the menu:

• juices and soda;
• confectionery;
• meat;
• fresh vegetables, fruits;
• canned food

Prevention

In case of pathologies and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, vomiting attacks can be prevented by correcting nutrition, but in relation to infectious diseases, even strengthening the immune system may be powerless. If the doctor suggests a surgical pathology, long-term observation by a specialist will be required to see how it develops. If the situation worsens, medication cannot be avoided; surgery is not ruled out.

Video

Vomiting is a reflex act that leads to emptying of the stomach or, less commonly, the duodenum. This process is controlled by the vomiting center located in the medulla oblongata. Vomit may vary in composition and include food debris, as well as bile, mucus, gastric juice, pus, or traces of blood.

With some diseases of the digestive system, central nervous system disorders, intoxication with alcohol, food or drugs, vomiting of bile may occur. Also, this condition is often observed in women in early pregnancy during the period of toxicosis. Vomiting is one of the ways the body self-cleanses harmful substances and, as a rule, after it a person’s condition improves. For effective treatment and prevention of recurrences of vomiting in the future, it is important to accurately determine the cause of the gag reflex.

Signs of vomiting bile

Bile is one of the biological fluids of the human body, which is produced by special liver cells (hepatocytes) and accumulates in the gallbladder. It has a yellow color with a greenish or brown tint, a specific smell and a bitter taste. The main function of bile is to actively participate in the process of digesting food.

Vomiting of bile is usually preceded by such phenomena as a feeling of nausea, increased salivation, increased respiratory rate, and involuntary swallowing movements. Vomit containing bile is distinguished by a yellow-green color and a bitter taste, the sensation of which persists for a long time in the oral cavity.

Possible causes of vomiting bile

When a person vomits bile, the reasons can be very different, ranging from ordinary food or alcohol poisoning to serious pathologies of the digestive system. Only a doctor can determine exactly why it happened after conducting a full examination of the patient. Sometimes vomiting can be caused by high fever, nervous disorders, circulatory disorders and brain diseases.

Digestive diseases

One of the symptoms of certain pathologies of the digestive system may be vomiting bile. These include:

• liver diseases;
• bile reflux;
• diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts (calculous cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, biliary colic);
• acute pancreatitis;
• cyclic vomiting syndrome;
• obstruction of the small intestine.

During an attack of biliary colic, the patient experiences bloating, severe pain, increased body temperature, vomiting and nausea. In this case, the vomit contains bile impurities. Attacks of vomiting during biliary colic usually recur every two hours and do not bring significant relief to the person.
Exacerbation of cholecystitis is accompanied by intense, gradually increasing pain in the right hypochondrium, yellowing of the skin and white membrane of the eyes, and itching of the skin. Attacks of vomiting bile appear in most cases after eating fatty or fried foods, are repeated frequently and are characterized by a certain periodicity. A similar clinical picture is observed in liver diseases.

The cause of vomiting bile can also be bile reflux, which develops against the background of a peptic ulcer of the stomach, duodenum, or as a result of surgical interventions in this area. This is a condition in which bile from the duodenum enters the higher parts of the gastrointestinal tract - the stomach, esophagus and sometimes the oral cavity. Large amounts of bile in the stomach provoke heartburn, nausea and the gag reflex.

Abdominal pain and vomiting may be symptoms of serious illness

Cyclic vomiting syndrome, accompanied by the release of bile from the body, is a condition in which attacks of vomiting occur for no apparent reason, even if the person is completely healthy, and last up to 10 days in a row. Frequent vomiting irritates the walls of the stomach and stimulates an increase in the production of bile, which the body tries to get rid of.

Intestinal obstruction is another reason that causes bile vomiting. With this pathology, food cannot move down the intestines, which causes its reverse movement through the gastrointestinal tract and, as a result, vomiting. This disease occurs most often due to congenital defects in the structure of the intestine. Along with vomiting, patients experience severe abdominal pain and constipation. Intestinal obstruction can also be caused by duodenal stenosis, appendicitis, duodenostasis and other pathologies.

Pancreatitis includes a number of inflammatory diseases of the pancreas. One of its symptoms is severe, profuse vomiting mixed with bile, as well as severe pain in the upper right part of the abdomen, which increases when standing or sitting and decreases when lying down.

Important: Attacks of vomiting bile in the morning indicate in most cases that a person has liver or biliary tract diseases. If this symptom is detected, it is imperative to contact a gastroenterologist and undergo an examination in order to avoid aggravation of the condition and the development of serious complications.

Intoxication of the body

Intoxication of the body, which is almost always accompanied by bouts of vomiting, can be caused by:

• alcoholic drinks;
• medications (aminophylline, opiate analgesics, cytostatics);
• chemicals;
• low-quality food products.

Alcohol abuse is a fairly common cause of nausea and subsequent vomiting. With the constant consumption of large quantities of alcohol, irritation of the gastric mucosa occurs, which inevitably provokes a gag reflex. This is a protective reaction of the body, which thus tries to remove poisons and toxins that have entered it. If, after drinking drinks containing alcohol, a person vomits over time, this is a sign of the development of serious health problems, in particular with the gastrointestinal tract.

When drinking large doses of alcohol, vomiting of bile often occurs afterwards.

Important: Alcohol intoxication is a very dangerous condition for the body, which causes impaired coordination of movements, memory and speech, intestinal disorders, headaches and muscle pain, weakness, nausea and vomiting.

Pregnancy

Vomiting of bile during early pregnancy is a fairly common phenomenon caused by toxicosis. In this case, a woman often experiences vomiting as soon as she wakes up in the morning and gets out of bed. The reason for this condition is hormonal changes in the body of the expectant mother. If during toxicosis vomiting does not occur very often (up to 5 times a day) and does not cause much concern, then it does not need to be treated. This period usually lasts up to 20 weeks and you just need to get through it.

However, vomiting bile during pregnancy is associated not only with toxicosis, but also with exacerbation of chronic diseases of the digestive system (pancreatitis, duodenitis, cholecystitis, etc.). During the period of bearing a child, the load on all internal organs of a woman, including the liver, intestines, pancreas, and stomach, increases significantly.

During pregnancy, there may be an exacerbation of chronic diseases of the digestive tract, one of the symptoms of which is vomiting.

Treatment of vomiting with bile

How to stop vomiting bile? It is very important to first determine the cause that caused this phenomenon. With a single attack of vomiting without subsequent relapses, not accompanied by other symptoms, no special treatment is needed. Diet and adequate fluid intake are recommended. Otherwise, you should consult a doctor who will prescribe the necessary tests and examinations and, based on their results, will be able to make a diagnosis and select treatment. If vomiting is a consequence of pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, then its elimination is possible only if the underlying disease is cured. In certain cases, your doctor may prescribe special antiemetic medications.

If the body is intoxicated with alcohol or other substances, it is necessary to perform gastric lavage if vomiting of bile occurs. What should I do for this? A person is given to drink about 2 liters of warm water at a time while sitting, and then he should independently induce a gag reflex. In the future, after cleansing the stomach, to prevent dehydration, you should drink small portions of still mineral water (5–20 ml each) every 15 minutes. To speed up the removal of toxins from the body, sorbents and a strict diet are prescribed.

Important: In case of myocardial infarction, high blood pressure, cholelithiasis, gastritis or peptic ulcer, gastric lavage is contraindicated.

To prevent and treat dehydration with excessive and prolonged vomiting, you need to drink plenty of water.

After an attack of vomiting, the patient is advised to rest and take a special diet. The duration of compliance with this regimen is determined by the doctor. The diet consists of a complete abstinence from fatty, spicy and fried foods, smoked foods, pickles, caffeine, and carbonated drinks.

What to do if a child vomits bile? Only a pediatrician can answer this question. Problems with the stomach and digestive system are among the most common in childhood. Babies put everything in their mouths and may react negatively to various types of food. Most often these are spicy, salty and fatty foods. Therefore, a child may vomit bile, although sometimes this can be a sign of the development of serious diseases.

Why might a child vomit bile?

Vomiting is easy to recognize; the main symptoms of this condition may be:

• stomach urges;
• contractions of the esophagus;
• nausea;
• all content will be released last.

Vomiting bile in a child indicates that the following organs are affected:

• pancreas;
• liver;
• bile ducts.

Bile has a yellow-green color, and there is a constant bitter taste in the mouth that cannot be interrupted and eliminated. Therefore, if babies begin to vomit bile, you need to find out the cause of this condition in order to adequately respond to it. It is better not to self-medicate, but to call a doctor, especially if vomiting does not go away for a long time. Only a specialist can determine what to do if vomiting occurs.

Causes of vomiting

First of all, parents must calm down in order to correctly determine the cause of the appearance of bile. The main reasons include the following.

Eating so-called “adult” food, which usually includes foods inappropriate for age, fatty and spicy foods. For example, chips, snacks, crackers, etc. Parents, wanting to switch their kids to a more adult diet, do not take into account the characteristics of each age and the body’s ability to digest enzymes. For some foods, the enzyme system in the body may not be sufficiently developed, so as early as eight to nine years old, a child may experience vomiting accompanied by bile.

Gallbladder disease. This may be cholecystitis or cholelithiasis, which are caused by improper functioning of the stomach. The release of a large amount of bile into the stomach can provoke a gag reflex, nausea and an attack of vomiting.

The presence of viral hepatitis in the acute stage. This is why the baby vomits bile, stools are disrupted, and damage to the liver and bile ducts occurs. This is due to a virus that penetrates the body and begins to actively act in the body of children.

Children often experience stomach upset due to intestinal infections caused by bacteria and viruses. Due to intoxication, the body puts up a protective barrier and begins to react to the presence of irritants by vomiting. With repeated emptying of the stomach, bile begins to flow into it, which begins to come out with repeated vomiting.

Foods that the child’s body cannot digest enter the stomach. Therefore, food begins to gradually accumulate and linger in the body. As a result, leftover food can ferment and rot, and the body must get rid of these toxins. The consequence of such processes is vomiting with the release of bile.

Sometimes vomiting is a symptom of more serious diseases, when the body is poisoned, a viral and bacterial attack is observed. Only doctors can provide qualified assistance in such cases, and they must rinse the stomach in various ways.

What should I do?

Take care of your health - save the link

Nausea always signals that there are certain disorders in the body. In fact, vomiting is a protective reflex, due to which harmful substances are released. Also, attacks of nausea and vomiting are often symptoms of serious diseases such as pancreatitis, gastritis, ulcers, etc.

Sometimes parents may notice that the child has vomited bile; in this case, the vomit has a greenish-yellow color. At the same time, the baby complains of bitterness in the mouth and abdominal pain. All these manifestations may be accompanied by an increase in body temperature.

Why does a child vomit bile?

There are several reasons for vomiting bile in a child:

• consumption of fatty, fried and spicy foods, mainly in the evening;
• gallbladder pathology;
• poisoning of various etiologies;
• stomach diseases;
• liver diseases;
• less often, vomiting of bile in a child is observed with appendicitis;
• in newborns, the fact that a child regurgitates bile may be a manifestation of pylorospasm or intestinal obstruction;
• In adolescents, such vomiting is sometimes caused by alcohol poisoning.

What to do if a child vomits bile?

When a child vomits bile, adults should take a number of measures to alleviate his condition:

The most important thing parents should do when their child is vomiting bile is to seek medical help. If the health care professional believes that the patient should be sent to the hospital, follow his advice. Doctors will be able to quickly eliminate intoxication and, if necessary, conduct an examination.

To prevent vomiting of bile, it is necessary to follow a healthy lifestyle, eat a balanced diet, maintain hygiene, undergo preventive medical examinations and promptly seek help from a doctor for any diseases.

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