Impacted tooth: what is it and what to expect from it. What are impacted teeth, why do they appear and how to treat them Impacted and dystopic teeth

Dystopic impacted teeth always cause a lot of inconvenience to a person, and in addition, sometimes cause inflammation of the gums and even swelling of the soft tissues nearby. The appearance of such defects often leads to displacement of already formed dentition. If such anomalies are discovered during germination, you should immediately consult a specialist.

Dystopic is the incorrect location of one of the teeth (or a group of them) in the jaw, that is, their growth in the wrong place or position at the wrong angle, and sometimes even turning around on the reverse side. This phenomenon can lead to deviations from the correct bite or to the tilt of the entire dentition, and this significantly spoils the beauty of the smile.

Growth of impacted teeth - second row of teeth appearing

When dentists say that they have discovered an impacted tooth, few people imagine what it is. In fact, this name is given to a tooth if the doctor sees signs of retention, that is, in essence, this means that its eruption has been delayed. Experts divide retention into:

partial (if only part of the tooth is visible, which means that it has not fully erupted);
complete (if only the gum itself or bone tissue is visible from the outside).

Doctors often observe not only one of these defects separately, but both at once. Most often, this situation occurs in wisdom teeth, which experts call third molars. Doctors do not consider a dystopic impacted wisdom tooth, the photo of which is presented below, to be a rare occurrence. It often provokes such troubles as periodontal disease, periodontitis, caries and even inflammation of the oral cavity.

Dystopian teeth

Medical assistance

The above defects cannot be treated. Removing dystopic and impacted wisdom teeth is quite difficult and causes severe pain, since they do not fully come out of the jaw, and sometimes do not even break through the gums. Such operations are carried out only under painkillers, and the doctor begins to act only after the drug has already had an effect on the patient.

To remove such a defect, the doctor makes an incision in the mucous membranes and drills a hole of the required diameter in the bone. If a tooth is too large to be removed, it should first be crushed into several parts, which will be easier to pull out. After surgery, there is an empty space in the jaw. To speed up its healing, prevent infection and relieve the patient from pain, medications are placed into the resulting cavity. A very large incision is sometimes stitched up.

Dentists recommend removing an impacted wisdom tooth because it cannot be delayed, otherwise all sorts of complications may subsequently arise, for example, inflammatory processes or tumors, which often lead to an increase in temperature. Therefore, if a wisdom tooth erupts with severe pain, it is easier to contact a specialist at this stage.

Removal of impacted and dystopic teeth - extraction

Causes of retention:

premature removal or inflammation of a baby tooth;
lack of free space due to incorrectly located neighbors;
incorrectly placed permanent tooth germ;
overstaffing;
- disruption of the functioning of the glands responsible for internal secretion.

How to remove an impacted tooth

The inconvenient location of such a tooth leads to the fact that its removal is a rather complicated process, since it is impossible to remove it in the usual way. Before the operation begins, doctors apply local anesthesia, and then cut the mucous membrane over the problem tooth and drill through the bone tissue with a bur. To remove such a tooth, a hole of a certain size is required, and if the hole is too large, it should be sutured after the operation.

Healing and painkillers are placed at the site of tooth extraction. This difficult process sometimes takes several hours.

Impacted tooth - photo

Recovery processes are often very painful. Sometimes there may be swelling in the area of the operation, and in some cases the patient feels pain when opening his mouth. These consequences are considered normal and should not be feared.

Rehabilitation after the removal of such a tooth can take up to five days, and during this time you should see a specialist several times.

Impacted wisdom teeth

Dentists call impacted teeth “eights” that did not erupt at all or could only partially erupt. They often cause pericoronitis (that is, inflammation in the area of the dental crown, which is accompanied by difficulty opening the mouth and pain). With pericoronitis, the ears and even the throat may hurt on the side where the problem tooth is located. Sometimes the patient feels pain in several teeth at once, and also suffers from fever and general weakness.

In such cases, an examination by a dental surgeon is required, who often recommend an operation to excise the “hood,” that is, the inflamed tissue above the tooth. The surgeon cuts off the gum under anesthesia, and then gives the necessary recommendations for proper care of the wound.

Dystopian teeth

Dystopian teeth can be treated with orthodontic methods, for example, by wearing braces that return them to their normal position. This process takes quite a long time, but with due patience it ends quite successfully.

However, there is an age limit for treatment, since braces can only help if the defects are corrected before the patient reaches fifteen years of age. In addition, removal of a dystopic tooth is recommended if its displacement is caused by a lack of space for it. If the tooth can be put back in place, it will soon return to the same position.

Location of the dystopic tooth inside the gum

There is no need to panic if you are facing removal of an impacted dystopic tooth. Doctors know quite well what it is. Despite the complexity of these operations, their scheme has already been well developed.

Any of the teeth, not just the eighth molar, can occupy the wrong place in the jaw, that is, be dystopic. In this case, the tooth may become impacted. It is recommended to consult a dentist at the first symptoms of inflammation, especially when it comes to wisdom teeth. Only a good specialist will be able to make the correct diagnosis and prescribe treatment, depending on the existing problem.

Considering that few patients imagine what an impacted dystopic wisdom tooth is and therefore delay seeing a doctor. Because of this, dentists have many problems, as a result of which the patient is recommended to have surgery and tooth extraction. However, it would not hurt to first make sure that the person is bothered by an impacted dystopic tooth. Only an experienced practitioner can determine that this is really the case, making an accurate diagnosis and the significant cause that caused the inflammation.

The presence of a wisdom tooth cannot be a reason for its removal. If it is located normally, then it can be preserved by carrying out preventive treatment. But if it is dystopic, surgical intervention should be performed.

If wisdom teeth do not interfere with the growth of neighboring teeth, doctors do not recommend removing them

Some patients are so frightened by the upcoming removal of impacted and dystopic teeth that it plunges them into panic. You should not be afraid of surgery, but you can only decide to remove the source of trouble if it is justified from a medical point of view. It is best to seek advice from an experienced specialist with surgical specialization.

During the removal, the doctor faces a difficult task: to remove all the roots without damaging the neighboring ones. Sometimes an additional x-ray is taken for this purpose in order to more accurately determine the location of neighboring roots and not touch them.

Patient behavior in the postoperative period

To stop bleeding, it is best to press a ball of gauze to the wound with your teeth;
To reduce pain, you can apply ice in a bag to your cheek;
Sometimes the pain is so severe that you need to take additional pain medication. The gums usually hurt the most when the anesthetic wears off;
You should not smoke for at least 3 hours after tooth extraction, as nicotine can slow down the formation of a blood clot;
It is strictly forbidden to eat for the first three hours;
for three days the patient does not need to eat too cold or hot food, and in addition, it is best to eat something that will not be difficult for him to chew;
You shouldn’t rinse your mouth on the day the operation was performed: the liquid can remove a blood clot from the hole and the wound will become susceptible to solid pieces of food getting into it and even become inflamed from this;
You cannot take hot baths or perform high-intensity sports training for 24 hours after surgery, as this may increase blood pressure;
warm compresses, heating pads and lotions applied to the gum or cheek can destroy a blood clot that has begun to form, so this is also not recommended;
Teeth should be brushed as usual, but care must be taken in relation to the wound.

Typically, soft tissue recovers from injury in 3-4 weeks. At this time, you should monitor your health and consult a doctor if:

You feel a sharp pain that always has to be calmed down with painkillers;
The bleeding does not stop for a long time;
temperature rises;
Swelling appeared on the gums.

Even if impacted or dystopic teeth do not cause any discomfort or pain, they should be treated or removed. It is known that in the mouth many destructive processes are invisible in the initial stages, and their consequences can be quite serious.

Impacted tooth - photo

Regular visits to the dentist from an early age are the key to healthy and beautiful teeth, since the doctor is able to identify abnormalities in the development of teeth and take timely measures. One of these problems may be retention (from the Latin retentio - holding, holding back). What is it, how is it treated - more details in the article.

What is retention

Teething is often associated with pain, but there are situations when the gums are swollen and nothing happens. Here we can talk about retention, one of the main problems in dentistry and orthodontics. Retained is something that has fully formed in the gum, but has not come out. It comes in several types: lingual-angular, vertical, horizontal, buccal-angular. There is another anomaly - a dystopic tooth. This is an option when germination occurs with deviations from the norm.

The defect is often detected during x-ray diagnostics, since it may not make itself known in any way or cause discomfort. As a rule, third molars and canines are impacted and dystopic. They are most susceptible to this disease. Others may also have this anomaly, but this is rather an exception and is rare. Supernumerary teeth can also be considered a deviation.

Many people who do not experience discomfort associated with this disease do not take any action. This is considered incorrect, since deviation causes great harm:

there are problems with pronunciation;
damage to the oral cavity;
there is an influence on the normal development of neighboring elements of the dentition;
There is a malocclusion pathology that causes disturbances in the development and functioning of the digestive system.

It is worth distinguishing between impacted teeth, the growth of which is impaired due to the obstacle that neighboring teeth may create. Impact teeth appear due to the incorrect position of the axis of the tooth germ, which leads to a collision with “neighbors”. Impacted ones, like impacted ones, are fully formed, but never appear outward.

Semi-retinated tooth

If incomplete eruption has occurred, and only the crown is visible in the gum, then they speak of a semi-impacted tooth. The photo clearly shows that it, like impacted one, can be either tissue or bone embedded. Since with semi-retention, eruption occurs partially, it very often injures the surrounding soft tissues of the tongue, cheeks, and gums. The mucous membrane becomes swollen, hyperemic, and inflammation of the gum tissue causes the development of the following diseases:

pericoronitis;
gingivitis.

Reasons for retention

An impacted canine or molar (both lower and upper) does not appear just like that; there are definitely reasons for this that you should be aware of. One of the main ones is genetic predisposition. Other causes of tooth impaction can be identified:

Some experts believe that the reason that the third molar cannot erupt is due to evolutionary reasons. This lies in the fact that coarse fibers of animal or plant origin have completely disappeared from the diet of modern man. As a result, the load on the jaw is reduced. For this reason, the deep-lying gum part has decreased, and there is little space left for the canines and molars, which appear last.

Dental impaction in children

It is worth noting such a rare but occurring factor as retention of baby teeth. As a rule, the second primary molars are susceptible to this disease, with a delay in the development of the rudiments of permanent premolars. Retention in children may be accompanied by non-healing of the fontanel and cranial sutures. In addition, sparse hair and a lack of development of sebaceous and sweat glands are noted.

Removal of impacted teeth

As a rule, adolescents under 16 years of age do not need to have them removed unless there are other indications for this and there is no pathology. If the patient’s age does not allow him to receive orthodontic structures, which are used to treat this disease in adolescents, then he has to undergo removal of an impacted or unerupted wisdom tooth. Sometimes a neighboring tooth is removed, and the impacted one takes up the free space, continuing to grow.

There are contraindications for the operation. These include some diseases of the oral cavity, as well as taking medications that affect blood clotting. Removal is not carried out during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy (in the 1st and 3rd trimester). If the patient suffers from hemophilia, the operation is performed only in a hospital.

Surgical treatment requires the dentist to have great practical and theoretical skills. The operation consists of the following steps:

The patient is given local anesthesia.
Using a drill, holes are made in the bone tissue.
The abnormal tooth is removed using forceps.
The hole that appears is treated with an antiseptic and then sutured.

In the postoperative period, a number of rules should be followed, the main one of which is oral care to prevent infection from entering the wound. Some oral medications may be taken to relieve pain. It is worth remembering that you should not self-medicate and neglect the doctor’s recommendations, since the price of such negligence can be life.

It is extremely important to follow all the dentist’s instructions to avoid complications during the rehabilitation process:

The cotton swab must be removed after half an hour.
Avoid eating and drinking for the first three hours after surgery.
On the first day, apply a cold compress to the swelling in the surgical area for 20 minutes every 2 hours.
Do not eat hot, spicy, rough foods for the first 4 days.
Refuse physical activity, do not overheat, do not get hypothermic, do not go to the bathhouse or gym.
Do not rinse your mouth.
Brush your teeth with a soft toothbrush and a minimal amount of toothpaste.

If sutures were placed that do not dissolve on their own, then in this case you will have to visit the dentist no earlier than a week later. The procedure is practically painless, so it can be performed either under local anesthesia or without it. Wound healing depends on the characteristics of the body. After 1-3 weeks, the wound usually heals, but complete healing occurs after about a year.

Before answering the question - to remove or treat impacted and dystopic teeth, it is necessary to understand what it is, what threat it poses, how to diagnose it, and whether it is possible to prevent this pathology.

What is retention

So, what does an impacted tooth mean? In dentistry, an impacted tooth is considered to be a tooth that has not erupted for various reasons, but has formed, remaining entirely in the jaw or partially hidden by the gum. Retention is divided into two types:

complete – the tooth has not erupted and is entirely hidden inside the bone under the gum. It cannot be seen or touched,
partial - the tooth has not fully erupted and only a separate part of it peeks out from under the gum.

Impacted elements deform the gums, provoke inflammation, and negatively affect the process of chewing food. If the problem is not resolved in time, an infection may develop that will harm other internal organs. Also, due to the significant load during chewing, an impacted tooth may break. In such cases, long-term treatment will be required, requiring significant material costs.

What is dystopia

A dystopic tooth is one whose formation and growth occur with deviations. For example, it develops correctly, but grows in the wrong place, or, conversely, it takes its place, but the growth angle is disturbed.

Based on these possible options, dystopic teeth may have the following disorders:

tilt left or right,
change in growth axis,
violation of position relative to the rest of the teeth in the row - they are literally “pressed” into the oral cavity or shifted forward, towards the lips or cheek.

Ignoring such a pathology can cause the formation of a malocclusion, which in turn will negatively affect the aesthetic appeal of the smile.

Important! Retention and dystopia can complement each other, i.e. An abnormally growing tooth may become impacted and vice versa. It hurts, interferes, and constantly disturbs the patient. The development of double pathology poses a serious threat to the health of not only the oral cavity, but also the body as a whole. By the way, it is most often found in the so-called wise “eights”.

Causes of retention and dystopia

So why do these pathologies occur and can they be avoided? The reasons for the appearance of anomalies may be the following:

genetic predisposition: the patient could inherit the structural features of the jaw,
presence: they erupt quite late and most often combine both retention and dystopia at the same time. The eruption of “eights” may be difficult due to anomalies of embryonic development (for example, with increased density of soft tissues),
jaw injuries resulting from mechanical damage,
malocclusion: this could be, for example, the presence of supernumerary teeth - they are “extra” and take up the space reserved for the main ones, which grow later. Due to malocclusion, the load on the jaws increases, which can lead to their destruction, deep damage to the periodontal tissue and functional disorders of the temporomandibular joint,
dental diseases: inflammatory processes in the mouth, premature loss or, conversely, the long-term presence of baby teeth prevent the formation of a correct permanent bite,
diseases: rickets, infectious and somatic disorders that deplete the body and disrupt metabolism.

Important! Make sure your diet contains coarse plant and animal fibers, hard vegetables and fruits. It was thanks to this that the jaws of our ancestors received the necessary load, which eliminated the risk of bone tissue atrophy and retention.

Symptoms and diagnosis

Often, retention is asymptomatic and is discovered only at a dentist’s appointment. But it is not difficult to identify a semi-impacted tooth on your own; it can be detected by carefully feeling the excessively protruding gum. The presence of incomplete retention is also indicated by partial cutting of the crown, as a result of which the mucous membrane can be systematically injured, swelling appears on it, its shade changes, and the inflammatory process begins. To make a final diagnosis, you need to take an x-ray and sometimes undergo a computed tomography scan.

Important! With retention, some patients complain of pain, including when chewing food, and discomfort when opening the mouth. Cervical caries, pulpitis, and chronic periodontitis often appear on impacted teeth. Another sign is the formation of follicular cysts. They can fester and provoke sinusitis, abscesses, and purulent-necrotic processes in the jaws.

Dystopia is discovered by a dentist or orthodontist during an examination. However, the patient himself can notice it. This anomaly provokes the formation of a malocclusion, leading to damage to the tongue, lips, and cheeks. As a result of injury, ulcers form and pain is felt while eating. Complete oral hygiene becomes impossible, and poorly removed plaque and food debris serve as fertile ground for the development of caries.

What to do with “abnormal” teeth

Important! Even if you do not have obvious signs of retention or dystopia, the best prevention of complications will be annual dental examinations and radiography, which will reveal hidden processes. After a thorough diagnosis of the disease, only a qualified specialist will prescribe the correct treatment and give recommendations for care.

Treatment is prescribed based on the clinical history of the individual patient and the results of x-ray examination. A tooth is preserved if it does not pose a potential threat to health, and its presence is not fraught with consequences and does not cause concern. But most often, removal is indicated, especially for the lower teeth - in the event of inflammation, the likelihood of infection penetrating into the extensive structures of bone tissue is greater here than in the upper jaw.

Abnormal elements of a smile are often removed, and the indications for removal can be various factors: delay in the replacement of baby teeth, lack of physiological resorption of roots, the presence of “extra” teeth, incorrect location, lack of space for growth, pronounced clinical symptoms, complications.

Removal is performed surgically. The operation is carried out in several stages. First, the patient is given local anesthesia, the gum is incised to expose the bone, and a hole is drilled in it with a drill. Then the problematic unit is removed with forceps, and the debris is removed. At the final stage, the bony protrusions are smoothed out, the hole is treated with a special solution and sutured.

Postoperative care

The period after surgery plays a significant role in the successful completion of treatment. Typically, the patient receives recommendations that must be followed very carefully:

for 3-4 hours after surgery you should not eat, drink, smoke,
during hygienic procedures, it is necessary to take special care and not get carried away with intense pressure, and even rinsing in the wound area,
when chewing food, you need to use the healthy side: the food should be soft, not too cold or hot, so as not to injure the wound,
In the first two days after surgery, physical activity should be limited.

Often a person does not pay attention to such smile defects, believing that they will not harm, or simply being afraid of visiting the dentist. But in most cases, neglecting the problem is fraught with serious consequences: the development of malocclusion pathologies, disruption of the digestive system, and the threat of losing neighboring teeth. If you start it, it threatens to injure the tongue, cheeks and mucous membranes, which also explains why the gums become inflamed. The patient may develop diction defects and facial asymmetry, which causes problems in communication and establishing personal contacts.

To minimize the risk of complications, it is enough to monitor the condition of the jaw in children during its development, as well as timely treatment of emerging problems.

Video on the topic

Dystopic impacted teeth cause discomfort, sometimes accompanied by inflammation and swelling of the gums. Often such defects lead to displacement of the dentition. If germination is accompanied by problems, you should see a specialist. Despite all the “shortcomings” of my teeth, I don’t want to part with them. However, you should not argue with a dentist who claims that an impacted tooth needs to be removed.

Dystopic and impacted tooth

What is an impacted tooth? Retention is a delay in the eruption of permanent teeth. It could be:

Partial. When the tooth has erupted, but not completely.
Full. At the same time, there is not even a hint of teething. It is hidden by bone tissue or gum.

Dystopic tooth - what is it? This one is incorrectly positioned in the jaw. It can grow in the wrong place, at the wrong angle, disrupting the harmony of the row on the other side. Dystopic forms a malocclusion, tilts the neighbors, which spoils the smile.

A tooth may have one such defect or two at once. Anomalies of wisdom teeth are becoming very common. They often have two defects at once. A fully impacted “figure eight” can cause inflammation, caries, periodontal disease and other problems in the oral cavity. Therefore, surgical treatment of a dystopic or impacted wisdom tooth is often prescribed in order to avoid possible troubles and complications.

Surgery: indications and contraindications

The operation is performed in cases when the following phenomena are observed:

But there are also contraindications for removal of wisdom molars, if they are dystopic or impacted. These include:

Hypertension.
Severe general condition.
Acute heart diseases.
Nervous diseases in the acute stage.
Viral or infectious diseases in an advanced stage.
Blood diseases.
The last days before menstruation.
Less than 2 weeks have passed since the abortion.
The impacted “eighth” molar in pregnant women is removed in the second or early third trimester, if it is not possible to postpone it until the postpartum period.

What is surgical treatment of an impacted tooth?

The operation to remove an impacted wisdom tooth is not an easy procedure, since the specialist has to work with an unerupted tooth, that is, remove it from the gums. The surgical intervention is painful for the patient, so anesthesia is given. It takes up to 3 hours. Operational manipulations can be conditionally formulated in the form of the following stages:

Molars are usually large, so the dentist first crushes them, after which extracts in parts. The postoperative recovery period lasts about a week, then the sutures are removed.

In the case of an advanced inflammatory process, when the patient already has pus, removal of the impacted wisdom tooth is carried out urgently. As a rule, surgical treatment is prescribed in a hospital setting. If the operation is planned, a convenient time is set, preferably a cool day is chosen.

Dystopic wisdom tooth: what to do with it?

An impacted tooth cannot be treated, unlike a dystopic tooth, which can be subjected to orthodontic treatment. Patients usually wearing braces is prescribed, they are able to correct the position of the dentition. The process is quite long, but with proper patience you can achieve good results.

However, there is a nuance that imposes an age limit. Braces will not help with impaction if you start wearing them after 15 years. Another point of irrelevance of orthodontic treatment is the inclination of a premolar or molar due to lack of space in the jaw. Even if you manage to change its position to the correct one, it will still return to its usual place.

The distopated one is removed according to the same procedure as in the case of the retinated one. Complexity of the operation and the stages of its implementation are similar.

Rules after surgery

After removal it is necessary adhere to a number of rules:

The wound resulting from the removal heals in about a month. All this time, you need to monitor your health, and if the following signs of disruption of the natural course of recovery are present, you should seek help from a dentist:

The pain does not subside and I have to constantly take painkillers.
The bleeding doesn't stop.
The temperature has risen.
The swelling of the gums has become more pronounced.

The presence of an impacted or dystopic wisdom tooth is a dubious “treasure”. Even if there is no pain and it does not cause discomfort; such defects must be gotten rid of. Since most processes that are destructive in nature are not visible at the initial stages.

Impacted tooth

Impacted and dystopic teeth: treat or remove

What is retention

complete – the tooth has not erupted and is entirely hidden inside the bone under the gum. It cannot be seen or touched,
partial - the tooth has not fully erupted and only a separate part of it peeks out from under the gum.

What is dystopia

Based on these possible options, dystopic teeth may have the following disorders:

tilt left or right,
change in growth axis,
violation of position relative to the rest of the teeth in the row - they are literally “pressed” into the oral cavity or shifted forward, towards the lips or cheek.

Ignoring such a pathology can cause the formation of a malocclusion, which in turn will negatively affect the aesthetic appeal of the smile.

Important! Retention and dystopia can complement each other, i.e. An abnormally growing tooth may become impacted and vice versa. It hurts, interferes, and constantly disturbs the patient. The development of double pathology poses a serious threat to the health of not only the oral cavity, but also the body as a whole. By the way, it is most often found in the so-called wise “eights”.

Causes of retention and dystopia

So why do these pathologies occur and can they be avoided? The reasons for the appearance of anomalies may be the following:

genetic predisposition: the patient could inherit the structural features of the jaw,
presence of wisdom teeth: they erupt quite late and most often combine both retention and dystopia at the same time. The eruption of “eights” may be difficult due to anomalies of embryonic development (for example, with increased density of soft tissues),
jaw injuries resulting from mechanical damage,
malocclusion: this could be, for example, the presence of supernumerary teeth - they are “extra” and take up the space reserved for the main ones, which grow later. Due to malocclusion, the load on the jaws increases, which can lead to their destruction, deep damage to the periodontal tissue and functional disorders of the temporomandibular joint,
dental diseases: inflammatory processes in the mouth, caries, premature loss or, conversely, the long-term presence of baby teeth prevent the formation of a correct permanent bite,
diseases: rickets, infectious and somatic disorders that deplete the body and disrupt metabolism.

Important! Make sure your diet contains coarse plant and animal fibers, hard vegetables and fruits. It was thanks to this that the jaws of our ancestors received the necessary load, which eliminated the risk of bone tissue atrophy and retention.

Symptoms and diagnosis

Important! With retention, some patients complain of pain, including when chewing food, and discomfort when opening the mouth. Cervical caries, pulpitis, and chronic periodontitis often appear on impacted teeth. Another sign is the formation of follicular cysts. They can fester and provoke sinusitis, abscesses, and purulent-necrotic processes in the jaws.

What to do with “abnormal” teeth

Important! Even if you do not have obvious signs of retention or dystopia, the best prevention of complications will be annual dental examinations and radiography, which will reveal hidden processes. After a thorough diagnosis of the disease, only a qualified specialist will prescribe the correct treatment and give recommendations for care.

Postoperative care

The period after surgery plays a significant role in the successful completion of treatment. Typically, the patient receives recommendations that must be followed very carefully:

for 3-4 hours after surgery you should not eat, drink, smoke,
during hygienic procedures, it is necessary to take special care and not get carried away with intense pressure, and even rinsing in the wound area,
when chewing food, you need to use the healthy side: the food should be soft, not too cold or hot, so as not to injure the wound,
In the first two days after surgery, physical activity should be limited.

To minimize the risk of complications, it is enough to monitor the condition of the jaw in children during its development, as well as timely treatment of emerging problems.

Video on the topic

Dystopic and impacted teeth: the essence of pathology, removal

Having contacted the dentist with complaints of discomfort and toothache, many patients are referred to have an impacted or dystopic tooth removed. For a person ignorant of dentistry, such a recommendation can confuse and cause panic. However, it is often a radical solution to the problem may be the only correct one.

Concept, types of dystopia

Dystopic teeth are teeth whose eruption and growth develop with deviations. Typically, such a pathology entails incorrect positioning of all other teeth, discomfort in the patient, as well as the need for dental treatment.

The photo shows examples of vestibular and medial tooth dystopia

There are many types of dystopia. For example, the tooth itself may be of the correct shape, but grow in the wrong place, or occupy the right place relative to neighboring teeth, but have a pathological shape, an incorrect angle of growth, or be located on the wrong side.

In medicine, the following types of pathology are distinguished:

Vestibular dystopia. It means the tooth grows at an angle in one direction or another.
Torposition. The tooth is turned in the opposite direction.
Medial dystopia. The tooth protrudes beyond the dentition.
Distal. The tooth seems to be pressed inside the jaw.

The essence and types of retention

Retention also means pathological development of teeth, but is somewhat different from dystopia. Impacted is a tooth that is fully formed in the tissue of the gums and periosteum, but is not cut outward, or is only partially cut through. Sometimes this pathology is asymptomatic, but more often the development of infection, discomfort in the form of pain, phlegmon, and abscesses are observed.

What is an impacted tooth can be seen in this photo:

Science knows 2 types of retention:

With complete retention, the tooth is hidden under the gum and bone tissue and cannot be seen when examining the jaw. And with a partial degree of development of the pathology, the crown can be seen when examining the oral cavity, but its main part is still hidden under the gum.

Reasons for appearance

The main factor in the appearance of impacted and dystopic teeth is harmful heredity. All people have a genetic program for the formation of their dentition, and some teeth may not have enough space to grow.

Dental experts note several other reasons for the development of this pathology:

If a single tooth grows before all the following ones, which could play the role of landmarks.
Sometimes one extra tooth appears in a row, and all the others do not have enough space for proper development.
Excessively dense tissue of the tooth socket.
Loose periodontal structure.
Dense arrangement of crowns.
Traumatic injuries also often lead to malocclusion.
The very early loss of baby teeth often leads to incorrect formation of the entire row.

Types of teeth susceptible to pathology

The most commonly observed dystopia or retention of the following types of teeth:

A dystopic wisdom tooth is a common pathology. The cause of this phenomenon may be heredity or jaw injury. In addition, the third row molars are considered a sign of atavism, which may gradually disappear during evolutionary development.
Fangs. This pathology occurs at 10–12 years of age due to improper development of molar teeth. A dystopic or impacted canine usually means not only a violation of the aesthetics of the oral cavity, but also constant problems when chewing solid food. Besides a canine with medial dystopia can permanently injure the soft tissues of the cheeks and tongue, causing discomfort to the patient, provoking the danger of an inflammatory process.

Possible consequences of pathology

Often patients get used to an incorrect bite without turning to dentists. This happens especially often when the patient does not experience pain or other discomfort. However, in the absence of timely treatment, the presence of an impacted or dystopic tooth can lead to other disorders of the body.

An incorrect bite does not allow you to completely chew food, which can lead to incomplete digestion, and subsequently – diseases of the stomach and intestines.
If the position is incorrect or there are extra dystopic teeth, there are frequent cases of a completely healthy neighboring one falling out.
If the dentition is formed incorrectly, diction disorders and problems with the pronunciation of certain sounds are possible.
There are frequent cases of traumatic injuries to the inside of the cheek and tongue.

Removal of impacted and dystopic teeth

Indications for removing an impacted tooth are:

pathological location, lack of space in the dentition;
delayed loss of retrograde teeth;
destruction of the dental neck;
if the impacted tooth is redundant and interferes with the normal growth of the rest;
Dentists advise removing such teeth if complications occur.

Removing an impacted and dystopic tooth involves a highly traumatic intervention, since it is necessary to exfoliate the mucous membrane and periosteum, extract the tooth from the bone using a bur, extract it from the bone tissue using forceps, and also apply a suture. If the roots of adjacent teeth are exposed, the doctor performs their resection and then performs a retrograde filling procedure.

When there are no indications for removing an impacted or dystopic tooth, doctors perform an intervention to excise the gums or periosteum. The next stage of therapy will be orthodontic treatment in the form of installation of braces or special buttons.

If the cheeks and tongue are regularly injured due to dystopia or retention, dentists can perform a procedure for grinding the dental cusps. However, most often in such pathologies a radical solution to the problem is recommended. Sometimes after such a procedure, dental prosthetics may be required.

The procedure for removing an impacted wisdom tooth:

Anesthesia of the gum surface using a special gel or spray.
Injection of an anesthetic drug.
Incision of the gum with a scalpel, exposing the wall of the bed.
Drilling a hole to access a wisdom tooth.
Cutting and removing the dental crown.
Division and extraction of dental roots.
Cleaning and disinfecting the wound, sometimes applying a turunda with iodine.
If the turunda has not been installed, a suture is applied after antiseptic treatment.

Removal of a dystopic wisdom tooth follows a similar pattern.

Postoperative period

After the operation, the patient’s teeth require enhanced care and medical supervision.

If a turunda was applied, during the first three days from the moment of intervention you need to visit the dentist to monitor the condition of the wound and perform disinfection procedures. After this time, the dentist will remove the tampon and stitch it.
Everyday brushing of teeth should be done in a gentle manner, avoiding injury to the operated area.
The use of mouth rinses is prohibited for 3 days after surgery..
All food must be pureed; chewing on the operated side is prohibited.
In the first few hours after the intervention, it is not recommended to drink, eat, or use tobacco products.
If the patient is experiencing severe pain, then it is not forbidden to take an analgesic tablet.
You should not engage in physical exercise for 2–3 days after surgery.

What are impacted and dystopic teeth?

Treat or remove: what to do with teeth that have not erupted or have not fully erupted

Sometimes the incorrect position of a tooth is considered solely an aesthetic defect, and therefore they are in no hurry to correct it. But if it grows or has already grown in the wrong position, or perhaps has not fully erupted or remains hidden under the gum tissue, this can result in serious problems in the future. Further in this article we will talk about such concepts as dystopic and impacted teeth, what these phenomena are and what methods are used today to solve such problems.

What is dystopia

Let's look at what a dystopic tooth actually means. This is what they say if it grows incorrectly, with abnormal deviations. It can be tilted to the side, and then you have to deal with vestibular dystopia. Other types of this anomaly include medial and distal - if the tooth protrudes strongly forward or goes back, respectively. There is also such a thing as tortoposition - in this case it will be rotated around its axis. To understand what this phenomenon looks like in real life, take a look at the photo below.

Thus, dystopia is one of the types of malocclusion. It can affect either one tooth or the entire row. The sooner parents begin to treat such pathologies in their children, the easier and faster the problem can be solved.

What is retention?

Now let’s look at what an impacted tooth means. This concept means that the element has formed, but has not fully erupted or even appeared above the gum. If you look at the picture below, it will be clear what we are talking about.

The impacted element may not fully erupt, that is, remain inside the bone tissue, or appear as one edge of the crown. In this case, it is customary to talk about complete or partial retention, respectively.

Important! One pathology does not exclude the other: a tooth can be both impacted and dystopic. This phenomenon is often diagnosed in relation to wisdom teeth.

Why does pathology develop?

Is it possible to predict the occurrence of the defects in question? Today, dental experts note that the most common cause of this disorder is a genetic factor. However, even in the absence of a hereditary predisposition, the risk of encountering a similar problem still remains. Among the provoking factors are the following:

absence of neighboring units,
overstaffing,
injuries due to which the bite was disrupted,
pathologies during the formation of primordia,
pathologies of jaw development,
premature loss of milk units,
connective tissue diseases.

When choosing a treatment method, the doctor takes into account the medical history. In some situations, simple removal may not be enough. Most bite defects require complex therapy.

Symptoms of retention and dystopia

A completely closed impacted tooth sometimes does not cause much concern and is often detected only during hardware examination. Meanwhile, in the area of its contact with neighboring tissues, cervical caries, pulpitis, periodontitis can develop, in some cases follicular cysts, inflammation and suppuration are formed. Doctors identify characteristic signs of retention that should be paid special attention to: protrusion of the gums and a “gap” in the alveolar arch.

Tilted dystopic teeth often lead to injury to the inner surface of the cheeks, lips and tongue. The constant presence of open wounds on the mucous membrane is a direct path for microbes and infection, so often such bite defects become the root cause of the development of inflammatory processes in the soft tissues. Often, gum pockets form above the part that remains hidden under the gum, in which pathogenic bacteria actively multiply. In some situations, such problems lead to impaired diction and chewing function.

Diagnosis of the disease

How to understand that a tooth is impacted or dystopic? Most often, the defect can be seen with the naked eye, because such anomalies usually cause serious aesthetic damage to the smile. If you suspect any misalignment of a tooth, you should consult a specialist. For diagnostic purposes, doctors use hardware research techniques - radiography, orthopantomography, computed tomography.

Attention! Most often, wisdom teeth and canines are affected by dystopia. Dystopic incisors are the most common, and such cases cause the greatest discomfort to the patient 1 .

Sometimes, due to retention and dystopia, wounds, ulcers, and inflammations form on the gums. Touching surrounding tissues becomes painful. If such symptoms appear, you should immediately seek help from a specialist - only a doctor will be able to identify the form of the anomaly and determine the cause of its occurrence.

Principles of treatment: is it possible to avoid surgery?

Treatment of retention and dystopia usually comes down to the use of a set of individually selected procedures. In childhood and adolescence, some disorders are corrected with orthodontic techniques, including corrective plates and braces. Prosthetics are more often used to treat adult patients.

However, it is often necessary to resort to surgical exposure of the defective tooth or its removal. As a rule, such decisions are made in relation to impacted eights - they are quite difficult to treat, and their functional load is minimal. Abnormally located elements of the dentition are unconditionally removed in case of complications, as well as in cases of high risk of damage to neighboring units.

Removal of an abnormal tooth

Features of surgical intervention depend on the specific situation. Sometimes, if the impacted tooth is large enough, its removal is performed in several stages. After the procedure, medication is applied to the open wound, and the incision on the gum is sutured.

“I was looking for a surgeon to remove a wisdom tooth that not only had not erupted, but was also rotated around its axis. Moreover, the therapist first told me that I wouldn’t touch him, otherwise you’ll become numb and swollen... Can you imagine?! I left upset, then, based on reviews, I found a wonderful doctor who did a brilliant job with the removal. In general, if you have a similar situation, don’t delay! You can’t fix the problem on your own!”

Yana, Moscow, fragment of a message on a thematic forum

When removing an unerupted element, you have to remove the area of the gum under which it is hidden. If the atypical tooth is completely covered with bone tissue, then a bur is used. Then the edges are smoothed, and the wound is treated and sutured. During the procedure, the surgeon may use a scalpel or laser.

Sometimes a doctor may decide to remove not an abnormal tooth, but a healthy one - if this allows the dystopic one, which is preferable to be preserved, to grow properly. This is often done in case of canine pathology.

Features of care after surgery

The rehabilitation period can be quite difficult. Unless your doctor prescribes another option, you must adhere to the following rules:

During the first 2-4 hours after surgery, it is not recommended to drink, eat, rinse your mouth, smoke,
At this time, special attention should be paid to regular oral hygiene,
do not use mouthwashes during the first three days,
give up sports for at least a couple of days after surgery.

Also, the doctor often prescribes antibiotics and painkillers, and treatment of the cavity with chlorhexidine. To avoid complications, the patient must strictly follow all the specialist’s recommendations.

How to avoid complications

In some situations, swelling occurs after surgery. This phenomenon is considered normal if the symptom gradually disappears - in the normal development of the situation, swelling should go away within a week. Slight bleeding from the wound is also possible. To stop it, a special medicine is applied to the hole. It is better to stop eating hard, cold and hot foods and drinks for a while. Daily cleaning should be as gentle and gentle as possible.

Prolonged bleeding, numbness, discomfort when opening the mouth, inflammation, damage to neighboring areas are reasons to immediately consult a dentist.

Approximate prices in clinics

Prices for treatment, as well as the removal of abnormal teeth, consist of a number of factors and depend on the degree of complexity of the pathology, possible concomitant treatment, the qualifications of the surgeon and the pricing policy of the dental center. The cost of removing an impacted element can reach 6,000 rubles. Please note that you will have to pay separately for an x-ray examination. So, a photograph of one tooth will cost approximately 350 rubles, while an orthopantomogram will cost 1000-1200 rubles.

The curved position of individual elements of the jaw system is a phenomenon that usually does not arise abruptly and out of nowhere. Therefore, parents from an early age need to carefully monitor the process of growth and formation of the jaw apparatus of their children. The sooner the anomaly is detected, the easier it will be to solve the problem, perhaps even without resorting to surgery.

Removal of impacted and dystopic tooth

Each tooth is characterized only by its inherent position in the jaw, the angle of inclination in relation to neighboring teeth. A dystopic tooth is a tooth that occupies an incorrect position in the jaw. It may be characterized by inappropriate localization, excessive tilt, or be rotated around its axis. This pathological situation creates problems for surrounding teeth, since a dystopic tooth has a negative impact on their position and contributes to the development of malocclusion. Pathology can occur with any tooth in the upper or lower jaw.

An impacted tooth is characterized by incomplete eruption. In this case, it may be noted

· partial retention, when there is a small part of the crown part of the tooth;

· complete retention, in which the entire tooth remains covered by bone tissue or gum.

Often there is an impacted dystopic tooth. This development of the situation is most typical for wisdom teeth. An impacted tooth causes a lot of problems; its eruption is accompanied by:

Painful sensations in the gum area;

· development of periostitis, pulpitis, periodontitis;

· changing the position of adjacent teeth.

In addition, the implementation of therapeutic measures in this case is complicated by its localization and difficult access for a specialist.

Therapeutic tactics for a dystopic tooth

In the case of a dystopic tooth, treatment tactics are determined by its location and the effect it has on neighboring teeth. The most acceptable solution is the use of orthodontic treatment using fixed structures, braces. However, in cases where a dystopic tooth is due to a lack of space on the jaw, this treatment method is ineffective. The only correct way to correct the situation is to remove it.

The surgical intervention is characterized as complex and consists of the same steps as the removal of an impacted tooth. Removal may take several hours. There may be cases where such teeth are removed in parts. In this case, contraindications to removing a dystopic tooth are:

· diseases of the blood system associated with coagulation disorders;

· cardiovascular pathology in the stage of decompensation;

· high blood pressure of any origin;

Complex tooth extraction is always the responsibility of the most qualified surgeon who has sufficient experience in performing similar interventions. The specialists of the Dentist clinic have repeatedly proven their professional level with high-quality extractions. At the same time, the development of postoperative complications was minimized.

Removal of a wisdom tooth of an impacted dystopic tooth

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Fistula after tooth extraction is a common problem

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To prevent the most unpleasant diseases, it requires

An impacted tooth is a tooth that has not fully erupted. Its rudiment is located in the jaw bone. It had already formed, but for one reason or another could not break through.

This feature appears for the following reasons:

The gum tissue is thick, and it is difficult for a tooth to break through it;
loose gums - the reason that the root will deviate from its normal position;
early loss of a baby tooth, after which the adjacent one is displaced into the empty space;
improper formation of the primordia during intrauterine development (the walls of the capsule that surrounds the primordium are very thick);
hyperdontia (additional set of primordia);
violations when changing milk products;
malocclusion;
rickets;
general weakening of the body during the period of tooth growth;
heredity;
antitumor chemotherapy.

What does unerupted and semi-impacted teeth mean? Do they need to be removed?

Sometimes only part of the crown emerges through the gum mucosa. For this case, the term “semi-urethinated” is used.

It can be detected with a dental probe or felt with your finger.

If it has not grown at all, its crown has not come to the surface, then they speak of complete retention. In this case, an accurate diagnosis can only be made using x-rays.

Vertically growing, lying horizontally, dystopic

Depending on how the unerupted tooth is placed in the gum tissue (or the bone part of the jaw), different cases are distinguished:

Vertical location - the tooth does not deviate from the normal axial line and is located perpendicular to the gum. Retention occurs due to the fact that it is surrounded by dense gum tissue or there is not enough space for eruption.
If an x-ray shows a tooth lying on its side, horizontal retention is diagnosed.

Dystopic teeth, as a rule, erupt, but their position deviates from the norm:

towards the teeth that are in front of it (medial retention);
in the direction from the one in front (distal retention);
inverse, when the root is located above its crown (rare);
buccal inclination (the crown is directed towards the cheek);
lingual tilt (the crown “looks” at the tongue, inside the oral cavity);
buccoversion - is in a supine position and the coronal part is directed outward;
lingoversion - the position of the tooth opposite to the buccoversion.

Indications for extraction of jaw units overgrown with gums

Removal of an impacted tooth is carried out when its abnormal position leads to negative consequences:

Retention of one tooth impedes the normal growth of the remaining units in the row and leads to malocclusion.
An impacted tooth injures the cheeks and tongue, which leads to a persistent inflammatory process and ulceration of the oral mucosa.
Before installing a brace system, when it is necessary to eliminate all the causes leading to a pathological bite.
For pericoronitis - inflammation in the gum area. A condition when the mucous membrane partially covers the tooth, and infection accumulates under this “hood”, which leads to constant pain and swelling.
Before installing dentures, when an impacted unit interferes with access to an adjacent tooth.

Important! Before removing an impacted tooth, a person is examined by an orthodontist. If orthodontic treatment is not possible, extraction of the unerupted area is prescribed if indicated.

Removing an impacted tooth means removing it completely from the gum or jaw bone. This procedure is a full-fledged operation, which is often performed in a hospital.

Features of wisdom teeth removal under the gum

How is the operation to extract teeth that have not yet erupted?

Planned (for example, after unsuccessful treatment by an orthodontist).
Emergency (for example, in case of osteomyelitis, acute inflammatory processes) - the issue is resolved on the day of treatment.
Urgent (destruction of the crown, infection) - the issue is resolved within 2 - 3 days.

Attention! The operation is performed in the presence of a dental surgeon under strong painkillers. This is necessary, since the impact can be carried out on both soft tissue and bone if the roots have already grown into the jaw.

Removal of an impacted wisdom tooth in the lower jaw takes place in several stages:

Local anesthesia is administered.
The gum is cut with a scalpel. Access to an impacted lower wisdom tooth is determined by the topography of the latter.

When it is localized near the seventh tooth, the incision in front is made from the outer side of the neck of the seventh to the transitional fold, and in the back - from the front edge of the branch obliquely backwards and downwards also to the transitional fold. Both incisions are connected along the inner edge of the alveolar process.

The flap is pulled back.
If it is in the gum, the procedure of dislocating and removing it begins.
When the impacted tooth remains in the bone tissue, you first need to drill a hole in it with a drill machine.
Remove in parts or entirely using elevators or forceps.
The hole is cleaned with a curette and washed with antiseptics.
Bone wound plastic surgery is performed using biomaterials (autologous bone, hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate).
The mucosal flap is returned to its original place, and sutures are applied.
The bleeding from the hole stops.

Possible complications after removal: swelling, numbness, injury

Dry socket, which is characterized by an unpleasant odor and pain. These symptoms appear 2 - 3 days after manipulation.
Nerve endings may be damaged during surgery. The consequence of this will be numbness of the lips, tongue, and chin. Usually the symptom goes away on its own after some time, but in difficult cases the process may take longer.
Injury to soft tissues leads to swelling, pain, and sometimes an inflammatory process appears.
Often the removal of an impacted tooth is accompanied by bleeding, hematoma, and the formation of a cyst or gumboil.
Sometimes the temperature rises.

Recovery

You cannot eat or drink for 3 hours after the manipulation.
Do not open your mouth wide, as this may cause the stitches to come apart.
The tampon is removed 10 - 20 minutes after application.
During the day after surgery, you should not eat solid food, cold or hot dishes.
Do not touch the hole, neither with your hands nor with your tongue.
Temporarily (1 - 3 days) do not rinse or brush your mouth. Carry out the procedure with the permission of a doctor. Use antiseptic solutions for this: Chlorhexidine, Miramistin, Rivanol.
Take painkillers. Especially in the first days after surgery. You can use Ketanov, Nimesil, Tempalgin, Nurofen.
To treat purulent inflammation, doctors often prescribe antibiotics.
In any unforeseen situations associated with the appearance of pain, consult a doctor.

Important! Warm compresses should not be used to relieve pain. They create an environment favorable for the growth of bacteria, which can enter an open wound and again provoke the appearance of pus.

How long does it take for gums to heal?

The recovery period takes from 5 to 7 days. The rate of healing is influenced by the patient's general health and the extent of the disease.

Impacted teeth do not always make themselves felt. However, if it is found, it is better to remove it. This will help avoid complications in the future.

This is the name of a dental anomaly (tooth retention), which is the retention of the correct eruption of a full tooth.
This pathology can affect milk and molars (permanent), but mainly the disease affects the eighth molar - the so-called “wisdom tooth”.

The main reasons for the formation of retention are the pathology of the formation of the dental embryo or the anatomical features of the jaw.
Scientists suggest that this anomaly arose in a civilized society due to the widespread consumption of soft foods and a decrease in the ability to chew hard foods.

To prove their hypotheses, scientists cite the example of residents of third world countries: roughage among the aborigines remains a priority and dental growth abnormalities are not observed.

The cause of an impacted (dystopic) tooth may be obstacles in the form of the jawbone and a conflict between eruption and neighboring teeth.

One of the reasons for an impacted (dystopic) tooth is a conflict between eruption and neighboring teeth.

Retention occurs in the following cases:

Embryological features of the oral cavity - too thick tissue of the dental sac or near the dental gum. The manifestation of embryological anomalies is also detected in relation to the incorrect location of the longitudinal direction of the dental embryo, which can collide with a previously formed tooth;
Lack of potential root growth. The force of tooth growth is formed as a result of the vegetative capacity of the root itself and the protrusion of the dental nipple;
Abnormal development of the jaw, due to some hereditary and acquired factors, directs the tooth root rudiment to a vertical position;
When the first molar/premolar erupts, the root of the second tooth bends forward;
A large hypertrophied tooth begins to grow in a recumbent form. If there is a previously erupted tooth, there is no prospect of eruption in a vertical position, so it grows horizontally;
The anatomical factor in the occurrence of tooth retention is manifested in the loose consistency of the gum structure, which is adjacent to the area of the germ of the erupting tooth. The enamel surface of the tooth does not come into contact with the gum, subsequently the gum does not atrophy (holds the tooth) and the tooth germ tilts due to the pressure of the upper part of the tooth.

One of the types of dental growth abnormalities is dystopia - the location of the dental process in an atypical location.

These abnormal processes can develop into normal/full teeth, but do not grow in a specially designated place, but (for example) on the upper part of the gum in a straight or inclined position.
This pathology can be congenital (hereditary) or acquired; the problem most often occurs in adolescence as a consequence of late removal of baby teeth.
A dystopic tooth, an impacted tooth, brings maximum discomfort to a person; moreover, this pathology can be accompanied by displacement of healthy teeth, inflammation of the tissue and degeneration of the oral muscles.

Important: “A dystopic/impacted tooth brings danger to a person, since there is the possibility of rotting of the tooth root/crown directly under the gum tissue or in the area of the jaw skeleton!”

Etiology of impacted tooth manifestation

Impacted teeth are distinguished by two types of eruption deformation:

Partial eruption: the top or side of the abnormal tooth is visible on the gum surface;
Fully enclosed: the root and crown are completely hidden under the gum tissue or located in the jawbone.

There are four dental anomalies found in nature:

Vertical;
Horizontal;
Medial;
Distal.

The most common growth pathology is medial, when the molar (premolar) is located horizontally in relation to the front row of teeth.

Causes of the anomaly

In medical practice, several reasons for the possibility of retention are considered:

Important: “If you contact a dental surgeon in a timely manner, this pathology can be avoided, since surgically it is possible to set the correct direction of tooth growth!”

Diagnostic methods

Pathology of tooth development often does not bring discomfort to the owner; the reason for contacting a specialist may be a delay in the loss of milk teeth or the eruption of molars. In some cases, inflammation or numbness of the area with the impacted tooth occurs.
Impacted teeth as they grow provoke the occurrence of stomatitis, decubital ulcers and other gum lesions, which leads to poor circulation and inflammatory processes in the oral area.
Eating in the presence of inflammatory formations becomes painful.
It is recommended to consult a dentist - in a neglected state, the incorrect growth of an impacted tooth changes the location of healthy teeth and deforms the bite.
An examination of the affected area is carried out using radiography and palpation of the gum area: in the presence of a dystopic tooth, a hard swelling is detected.

Wisdom tooth

Most often, retention is found in the eighth teeth of the “wisdom teeth”; the impacted tooth can be located directly in the jaw for a long time and not reveal any clinical manifestations.

Important: “A wisdom tooth should erupt from the moment of its formation within 3-4 months; in complicated cases, the process of tooth eruption increases by two years!”

For a long time before the appearance of the “eight”, painful sensations may occur in the oral cavity, this happens because it is located close to the nerve fibers and provokes severe pain and neuralgia.
Also, retention of the “eight” can be caused by follicular cysts; they increase every year and become a source of such negative complications as osteomyelitis and oral phlegmon.
Acute forms of wisdom tooth retention are accompanied by an increase in body temperature to 38-40 degrees (in this case, one should be wary of the possibility of blood poisoning).
Against the background of the inflammatory process, significant swelling forms in the area of the impacted tooth, and the symmetry of the face is visually disrupted.

Against the background of the inflammatory process, significant swelling forms in the area of the impacted tooth, and the symmetry of the face is visually disrupted

Pathology can also manifest itself when part of the dental crown erupts in a timely manner, but this does not mean that the pathological formation has passed. Under the gum there is an accumulation of food debris that cannot be cleaned out in the usual way, and suppuration begins to occur (pericoronitis).
During the formation of a purulent process, the body temperature rises, a swelling appears on the face, severe pain begins, and the ability to open the mouth or chew food disappears.
With such symptoms, there is only one way out - this is the removal of an impacted wisdom tooth.

Surgical intervention

The occurrence of an abnormal growth of a dystopic and impacted tooth always requires surgical intervention to correct eruption or remove pathology.

Important: “The main difference between a dystopic and impacted tooth is the possibility of correcting the growth of a dystopic tooth using orthopedic methods!”

Methods for treating a dystopic tooth require surgical intervention only if correction using orthopedic devices is ineffective.

For example: if the dystopic tooth is located in the front part and the deformation is not irreversible, orthopedic agents are used at the very beginning of growth.
An impacted tooth will continue to erupt until the growing capacity of the root system is exhausted.
The main thing in the treatment of this pathology is:

determining the exact location of the tooth;
surgery of gum tissue and removal of impacted dystopic tooth.

This circumstance also has several factors in the development of events:

With the maximum potential functionality of the tooth or in order to preserve the aesthetic features of the facial structure, not the impacted tooth, but its neighbors are removed to make room for growth;
If a growing tooth does not play a special function for a person (incorrect location, impossibility of correction and appearance in the extreme areas of the jaw), this tooth is removed.

The removal process itself occurs as follows:

Introduction of local anesthesia into the parenteral area of the gums;
Cutting gum tissue or a periosteal flap to free the area;
Sawing off (excision) of the vestibular and distal wall;
Extraction of teeth, fragments and other tumors using dental forceps;
Wound treatment;
Stitching.

The process of restoration and healing of the wound is painful, and complications in the form of suppuration may appear. To prevent this situation, the patient is prescribed a course of antibiotics.
The wound after surgery must be treated at home by rinsing with disinfectants and antibacterial agents, for example Chlorhexidine.
If within a few days after surgery there is swelling of the gums, this situation is normal; during the healing process, the swelling subsides.

Important: “Timely removal of a hypertrophied tooth will allow the remaining teeth to grow properly!”

Possible complications

The postoperative period is dangerous due to its possible complications; they can occur due to improper oral hygiene, the remains of a dental fragment in the jaw, or the reaction of the gums to surgical intervention.
Worth paying attention:

if after 3/5 days the pain at the surgical site has not stopped;
there was a putrid odor from the mouth;
the area secretes purulent masses.

In such situations, it is necessary to contact a surgeon for examination and additional manipulations.
This complication often occurs due to neglect of doctor’s recommendations.

Important: “In the postoperative period, it is necessary to take antibiotics to quickly heal the wound and prevent suppuration!”

Conclusion

When applying measures at the initial stages of dystopia formation, prevention of mutation is possible.
Timely sanitization of baby teeth will prevent untimely loss.
It is recommended to monitor the eruption of permanent molars and premolars.
If necessary, use orthopedic structures to correct and correct growth (braces).
Perform orthopedic and surgical interventions in a timely manner.
The occurrence of retention can be avoided: if you carry out preventive examinations of the oral cavity, monitor the growth of molars and the loss of baby teeth, and eat solid foods.