Metal crowns are an eternal classic, and they are in demand even despite the emergence of ceramic crowns, which look more attractive. What are their advantages?

Crowns are the best help for the most seemingly hopeless teeth. Even if the natural crown is almost destroyed, there is no need to remove the healthy root. Of course, a titanium pin can be inserted in its place, but there is no need for unnecessary interventions in the body.

Some consider metal crowns to be a kind of “relic of the past” - they have been replaced by snow-white ceramic products. However, the quality of the “classics” is not questioned, and some are better replaced with “hardware”. In addition, there is an excellent alternative - metal crowns with a smooth white coating.

Why are they needed?

Using metal attachments, you can restore teeth that have lost a large amount of hard tissue. The reason for the destruction does not matter, the main thing is a healthy root that can still be saved. In rare cases, problems with abnormal positioning or diastemas are solved with the help of metal crowns on teeth.

Similar products are also needed to create a prosthesis; they are installed on a pin - an artificial root. With their help, you can completely restore natural functionality; crowns cope with chewing loads no worse than real teeth.

Before installation, it is necessary to completely cure the problematic tooth - remove caries, periodontitis or pulpitis, and fill single-root canals. Products take root better on non-pulpless multi-rooted chewing teeth, so during preparation, dentists try to preserve the pulp.

If the coronal part is severely damaged, treatment alone is not enough - iron pins must be inserted into the root canals; some of the hard tissues can be restored using a composite (filling) material. Afterwards, you can begin grinding the tooth for installation of crowns.

Advantages and Disadvantages

One of the main advantages is durability. Roughly, iron chewing teeth can last for several decades. It is almost impossible to damage them during operation; the risk of chips or cracks is reduced to zero. Crowns made of gold metals are processed very easily; when installed, they are adjusted with maximum precision and perfectly imitate the required tooth shape. Another advantage is that during chewing activity they do not have a negative effect on the opposing natural tooth.

Titanium crowns are not inferior in quality to gold dentures - they have no side effects, are non-toxic and are even used to treat children's teeth. The quality and reliability of the materials allow the products to be placed on chewing teeth, which, unlike the front teeth, face serious chewing loads every day.

The most expensive option is gold dentures; the price of conventional metal dentures hits the wallet less painfully.

The main disadvantage is the appearance: metal dental crowns look very different from natural ones, which is why they are practically not placed on the front teeth, so as not to disturb the aesthetics of the smile. Their visibility will depend on the structure of the jaw; in some people, chewing teeth are visible when talking. Coated metal crowns can solve the problem.

Products made from conventional alloy are affordable, but if you are hypersensitive to certain types of metals, they can cause an allergic reaction.

In this case, her crown will have to be removed and another prosthetic option will be sought. Patients prone to allergies will have to choose more expensive, cheaper and safer metals that will not cause harm to the body.

Stamped dentures can be somewhat dangerous: there is a small gap between the tooth and the gum, because of this there is a high probability of inflammation of the soft tissues, an unpleasant odor and the development of caries. The thin walls of the “stamps” gradually wear out and can significantly worsen the condition of the tooth, which will eventually have to be removed.

Types of metal crowns

Metal dental crowns can be divided into two types: stamped and solid.

Stamped products are easier to manufacture and their cost is lower than cast ones. The design is a cap that is put on the tooth like a case. With this method of prosthetics, minimal grinding is necessary - the walls of stamped dental crowns are very thin, and can be used on living teeth.

There are also disadvantages: lost chewing functions are not fully restored, with long-term use the material may wear off, and if the fit is not tight, there is a high risk of developing caries.

Solid dentures are made using the one-piece casting method. The patient can choose from several product options - with or without spraying, with veneering or in the form of a combined bridge prosthesis. The advantages include strength and high wear resistance.

To make one-piece crowns, it is necessary to first make an individual impression of the jaw, so that the shape of the product will be as similar as possible to natural teeth. Thanks to this, you can eliminate the risk of cracks through which bacteria can penetrate under the crown.

In addition, such dentures can be made more aesthetically pleasing by spraying onto dental crowns. Another option is a veneer made of plastic or ceramic, which will make the tooth look as natural as possible. However, there is a small risk: the facing coating may crack, and small chips cannot be ruled out.

nashizuby.ru

Metal dental crowns

Metal crowns are made from a mixture of gold, copper, titanium and other metals that provide strength and resistance to corrosion. One example of a classic metal crown is a gold crown, or more precisely, a gold alloy. Over the decades, many different metal alloys have been used in the creation of dental crowns. Some of these metals may be silver in color and may contain various mixtures of different metals such as titanium, vitalium (cobalt-chromium alloy), silver, etc. Next, we will take a closer look at the types of metal crowns.

Metal dental crowns

A gold crown is an excellent choice and is recommended for back teeth. Gold is a very workable metal - it helps to achieve a very precise fit to the crown. Gold crowns can withstand strong bites and clenching well. Of all types of dental crowns, gold ones have the greatest potential for long-term wear. Additionally, the wear rate of a gold crown is about the same as tooth enamel. This means that the gold on the dental crown will not create excessive wear on the opposing teeth. The only problem with gold crowns nowadays is the high cost of gold.

Metal crowns coated in white and yellow

In cases where a metal crown is removed, you may have a preference as to whether a yellow crown (like gold) or a silver (“white”) crown should be placed. The composition of the alloy determines its color. Noble metals for teeth: gold, platinum and palladium. In most cases, the overall cost between using a noble or base metal alloy can be small, so if you have a large crown, it may be the deciding factor in this matter.

Allergic harm and service life of metal crowns

You should also be aware that some people are allergic to metals. Studies have reported that about 10% of the female population and 5% of the male population have an allergic reaction to nickel, chromium and/or beryllium, (these metals are often found in base alloy crowns).

Solid metal crowns and bridges

As their name indicates, these prostheses are made entirely of one piece of alloy. The metals used in crowns and bridges consist of gold alloys, other noble alloys (eg palladium) or a base metal alloy (eg nickel, chromium, titanium). Stainless steel or aluminum are used as temporary crowns.

Photos of metal crowns on teeth

Compared to other types of crowns, metal crowns minimize the removal of tooth structure and wear on opposing teeth. Metal crowns and metal bridges can withstand strong bites, break less often, and last longer. The main disadvantage of solid metal crowns during restoration is their non-aesthetic appearance - the metallic color is the main disadvantage. Indications

1. Metal crowns and bridges are a good choice for back teeth.
2. To replace acrylic or composite veneers, a solid metal crown may be a better choice.
3. Although porcelain fused to metal seems to be the best solution, solid gold and titanium crowns are still widely used on posterior teeth.

Solid gold crowns and bridges

Gold is an excellent dental alloy and is used for various types of indirect restorations such as:

• Crowns and bridges made of porcelain fused with gold.
• Solid gold crowns and bridges.
• Removable partial dentures or inserts.

Gold alloy is made up of many different types of elements: Noble metals, such as: gold, platinum, palladium, silver; Non-ferrous metals: copper, tin and others. A proper gold alloy must contain at least 60% precious metals.

Advantages of gold alloys 1. Gold alloy will not corrode. Some metal alloys, under the influence of saliva, can undergo the so-called phenomenon of corrosion. This can result in an unsightly gray discoloration on the top of the dental crown. 2. Gold alloy has superior strength and resistance. The main advantage is that gold alloys can be manufactured to very thin thicknesses and still retain strength and stability. The advantage of this is that less tooth structure will be removed during the restoration. 3. Gold alloys are much lighter than non-ferrous alloys (with the exception of titanium). 4. Gold alloys are very well tolerated by the body and do not cause allergic reactions.

Cast metal crowns and titanium bridges

The use of titanium alloys for medical and dental work has increased dramatically in recent years. Due to its many physical and mechanical properties, titanium is used as a material for dental implants and dentures. The strength and rigidity of titanium are comparable to other noble or highly noble alloys used in dentistry.

In dentistry, titanium is used for many purposes: mainly for dental implants. This is the main material for the manufacture of porcelain crowns, solid metal crowns, etc. Although the cost of titanium prostheses is high, as a rule, it does not reach the price of gold crowns.

Dental crowns made of base metal alloys

Solid metal dentures are less expensive. They have good strength and durability, although they are inferior to gold or titanium alloys. For manufacturing, various metal alloys are used: nickel, chromium, iron and other stainless steels. As already mentioned, aluminum is used mainly for temporary crowns. It is a good choice when patients cannot afford more expensive crowns.

myzoj.com

What types of crowns are there for teeth?

In modern dentistry, dental crowns are divided into types depending on the material from which they are made. They come in metal, metal-ceramic and all-ceramic. When choosing a particular prosthesis, it is based on clinical indications, the wishes of the patient himself and, of course, cost.

Types of crowns for teeth

Metal. The first type of crown to appear, however it is still used today. They are made from various metal alloys - titanium, stainless or cobalt chrome steel. Metal dental crowns made of gold or platinum are also popular. They can be either made entirely of precious metals, or only coated. Metal dental crowns provide complete restoration of the chewing function of the tooth, but in appearance they are the most unaesthetic. The price of metal dental crowns is one of the most affordable.

Gold dental crowns. About 20 years ago, the most popular material for making crowns was gold. Today, the “gold tooth” is more kitsch than fashion, but in the outback, gold dental crowns are sometimes still popular. As you know, gold, as well as the “medical” alloy based on it, are considered one of the most acceptable metals for the body, therefore it is advised, for example, to wear only gold earrings for the first six months after a piercing. However, what is beautiful in the ears is not so beautiful in the mouth. However, as mentioned above, such prostheses perform the chewing function quite adequately, which cannot be said about the aesthetic one.

Metal-ceramic dental crowns. The middle option combines strength and, judging by patient reviews of metal-ceramic dental crowns, a relatively natural appearance. The internal part of the structure is made of metal, and the external part is made of ceramics. Despite all the advantages, metal-ceramic prosthetics is inferior to all-ceramic prosthetics, since even with a slight decrease in the gums, the metal rim becomes noticeable. But this problem is eliminated if you install a crown with a shoulder or use zirconium dioxide (white metal) instead of traditional alloys.

Ceramic. The most expensive and most aesthetic look. In addition to the fact that ceramics allows you to create structures with the same transparency and color as natural teeth, it is also the most biocompatible material of all those described above. Ceramic crowns without metal impurities are an ideal option for prosthetics in the smile area, but unfortunately, they are not always suitable for chewing teeth due to some problems with strength.

Dental crowns on implants

When using implant prosthetics, the best option for restoring the front teeth, for which aesthetics is important, would be dental crowns made of metal-free ceramics. This is due to the fact that the metal can be seen through the ceramic, which imitates the transparency characteristic of natural dental tissue. Therefore, to achieve a high aesthetic result, the use of a zirconium abutment is recommended. When it comes to chewing teeth, aesthetics are not as important as functionality, so metal-ceramic dental crowns on implants may also be acceptable. For those patients who do not compromise between aesthetics and function, it is recommended to install zirconium dioxide crowns on the implant.

Installing a crown on a tooth

A dental crown is installed on one tooth in several stages.

Diagnostics. To find out whether it is possible to put a crown on a tooth, the doctor examines the oral cavity visually and necessarily sends it for an x-ray.

Treatment. Then the necessary treatment is carried out. Most likely, you will have to remove the nerve under the crown and fill the canals.

Grinding of teeth for crowns. If the dental tissue is slightly damaged, then the remaining walls are ground down. In the case where the “top” of the tooth is completely missing, a dental inlay is additionally installed under the crown, which will ensure its reliable fixation. Previously, instead of an inlay, a pin was installed; today, a dental crown on a pin is considered an outdated technique, which has a number of complications leading to tooth loss.

Making dental crowns. After all the preparatory procedures are completed, impressions are taken from the patient and sent to the dental laboratory.

Installation of dental crowns. This is followed by fitting of the finished product in the oral cavity and installation. Many people are concerned with the question “What are dental crowns glued to?” Orthopedic structures are placed on special cement, which allows the prosthesis to hold on for a long time and reliably.

All manipulations are carried out over several visits. Making dental crowns is possible in a few hours, provided the necessary equipment is available in dentistry.

How to place a crown on a tooth

Crown on a living tooth without pulp removal

If we are talking about grinding healthy teeth to fix a dental bridge, then an important question arises about the need to depulp the tooth. Everything here is very individual. But, as a rule, doctors prefer not to take risks and in most cases remove the nerve.

Color of dental crowns

Modern technologies make it possible to produce orthopedic structures that are indistinguishable from natural teeth. Naturally, we are talking about ceramic, metal-ceramic and plastic crowns, and not metal ones. Ceramics used in modern dentistry are able to completely imitate the color and transparency of the enamel of the teeth adjacent to the prosthetic. The same applies to the plastic used to make temporary crowns. But if we are talking about metal-ceramics, then crowns with a zirconium frame can “get into color,” and in the case of other metals, the frame can show through the artificial enamel. In modern dental laboratories, the color and shade of enamel for crowns is selected according to the Vita scale, which represents the majority of natural tooth shades.

How are dental crowns removed?

There are 3 main ways.

1. Kopp apparatus. Using a special drill, the doctor breaks the cement at the base of the prosthesis, then removes the structure with forceps.
2. Sawing. The structure is cut in the center and removed.
3. Coronaflex. The crown is removed carefully and without damage using compressed air. The method is expensive, but after the procedure it is possible to re-install an artificial tooth.

Dental crowns are removed if the following problems occur:

Toothache under a crown

Modern materials make it possible to make dental crowns that fit as closely as possible to the tissues of the prepared tooth, however, sadly, the patient sometimes has the feeling that his dental crown hurts. Of course, it’s not the crown that hurts, but the tooth underneath it. Toothache under a crown can mean several different problems, but the most common is the formation of secondary caries in the area where the crown adheres to the tooth tissue. If this happens, be prepared to remove dental crowns, re-prep the teeth and install new orthopedic structures. If this is not done, the tooth under the crown may completely collapse, leading to its loss.

Caries under the crown

Sometimes this is due to an error by a doctor or dental technician, when the procedures for making or installing a crown were violated: if it does not fit tightly to the tooth, if saliva got under it during installation, if caries was not completely treated, the formation of secondary caries under the crown is more than likely .

Unpleasant odor from under the crown

The smell from under the dental crown occurs when food debris or saliva gets under the denture. Bacteria multiply faster in this environment, causing an unpleasant odor. Inflammatory processes in the dental tissues under the denture also lead to an unpleasant odor.

Important! Removing dental crowns and installing new ones must be done approximately every 10 years, otherwise you risk becoming one of those users who frantically write in the search bar in their browser: “I swallowed a dental crown, what should I do?!” By the way, modern materials for making crowns are absolutely non-toxic; sharp edges and chips pose a danger if swallowed. Therefore, if it was not a small piece of a fallen-off crown that was swallowed, but the entire structure or a substantial part of it, you should consult a doctor - a surgeon, a gastroenterologist, or the nearest emergency room.

Can a tooth crown be inexpensive?

The cost of a dental crown per tooth will directly depend on the type of material used, the method of its manufacture, the category of the clinic and its location, as well as the qualifications of the orthopedic doctor. For example, in Moscow, prices for metal crowns can vary from 3,000 to 16,000 rubles, for metal-ceramic crowns - from 7,000 to 40,000 rubles, and the average cost of a ceramic crown is about 21,000 rubles. You can find out in more detail how much a particular dental crown will cost for one tooth during an in-person consultation at a dental clinic.

The best dental crowns

Perhaps every patient who is thinking about prosthetics asks the question: “Which dental crowns are better?” We remind you once again that any decision, including the choice of crown material, should be made jointly by the doctor and the patient. A conscientious dentist will always tell you about the best crowns for the front teeth, all the options for prosthetics, as well as the pros and cons of one or another option specifically in your case. Thus, the best dental crowns are those that your doctor recommends to you. If we are talking about the advantages of materials, then the leaders here, without a doubt, are all-ceramic crowns made by pressing or by manufacturing using refractory models. They are ideal for anterior teeth from an aesthetic point of view, as they accurately reproduce the color and transparency of natural enamel, and are also strong enough to withstand the same chewing load that the patient's natural teeth can withstand.

Restoration of dental crowns

Dentures, like natural teeth, require care - careful oral hygiene and restoration of dental crowns. Service life and repair requirements depend on the material. Structures made of ceramics and metal-ceramics are susceptible to the formation of defects. Zirconium dioxide is more durable and cannot be broken or scratched. A zirconium prosthesis lasts about twenty years and does not require repair. As a rule, indications for restoration of the tooth crown are chips, cracks and discoloration of the structure. The procedure should only be carried out by a specialist; experiments at home often lead to breakage of the prosthesis or damage to healthy teeth.

What to do if the crown of a tooth falls off?

The prosthesis may fall out if installed on low-quality cement or the manufacturing technology of the structure itself is violated. If a dental crown has come off, you need to make an appointment with your dentist as soon as possible. The specialist will conduct a diagnosis, find out the cause and offer options for further action.

While waiting for a visit to the doctor, you should wash and disinfect the prosthesis and clean the insert. You can try to install the structure in place if the process does not cause discomfort or pain. Dental cement, sold at the pharmacy, will help to temporarily secure the artificial tooth. This measure is necessary to prevent food and bacteria from entering the dental cavity before consulting a specialist. If the crown of a tooth falls out along with the inlay, it is recommended to seal the damaged area with cement gel - the resulting “filling” will also protect against infection.

If the crown of the tooth breaks and does not fly off, you must carefully remove a piece of the prosthesis and treat the sharp edge with pharmaceutical glue to avoid injury.

Important! It happens that a dental crown falls out and the patient swallows it. Then you should immediately contact the dentist. The material of the prosthesis is non-toxic, but sharp edges can damage the esophageal mucosa.

When choosing a clinic and a doctor to install a crown, it is important to understand that a high-quality product cannot be cheap and cannot be done in one day. An incorrectly manufactured and installed orthopedic structure can cause various complications in the form of periodontitis, malocclusion, damage to contact teeth and other unpleasant problems. If after installing a crown you feel discomfort or your tooth begins to hurt, you should immediately seek help from a dentist.

www.startsmile.ru

Types of metal crowns

If you contact a specialist to install a metal crown, you will be offered two options depending on the method of its manufacture:

• Stamped. A standard sleeve, which is processed with a special apparatus to give it the desired shape.
• Solid cast. It is made from individual casts by firing in a kiln. It has thicker walls, which has a positive effect on service life.

They are made from noble (gold, palladium, silver, platinum) and base metals (steel, nickel and chromium alloys). Because of their metallic color, they are used only for prosthetic teeth on the side teeth, which are not visible when speaking. Ideal for prosthetics of chewing teeth, as they can withstand heavy loads.

Stamped crowns

These are prosthetics that are made from factory sockets, which are given the desired shape. They have thin walls, so there is no need to grind off a large amount of tooth tissue. They are installed if there is no destruction of the roots and at least a third of the tooth crown is preserved.

To create them, stainless steel or gold is used.

The ease of manufacture resulted not only in low cost, but also in the short service life of the product. Gold stamped crowns are made from an alloy that is 90% gold. For the chewing surface, gold of a lower standard is used to increase its resistance to mechanical stress.

Manufacturing stages:

During manufacturing, firing is carried out several times to make the metal more dense and unyielding. The prosthesis should not have cracks or irregularities.

Indications for installation of a stamped crown

Stamped crowns are installed:

• For temporary prosthetics of a baby tooth before replacing it with a permanent one.
• As a supporting element when installing a bridge prosthesis.
• When a tooth is damaged by caries or injured so much that it cannot be restored with a filling.
• To protect a healthy tooth if a clasp denture is installed on it.

A more durable prosthetic option is to install a solid crown made of cobalt-chrome alloy. As the name implies, they are cast completely, and not in parts, like stamped ones. The undeniable advantage of a cast crown is the absence of solder joints, which makes it especially durable. It fits tightly to the ground tooth, preventing the cement from dissolving and reducing the risk of food getting under it. Wearing period is 15-20 years.

Modeling a solid crown includes several stages:

1. Tooth preparation. From 0.3 to 0.5 mm of tissue is sanded off.
2. Making impressions, including adjacent and opposing teeth.
3. Creating a wax cap using the stretching method.
4. Casting the prosthesis.
5. Metal surface treatment. Fitting, finishing, polishing.

Types of solid crown

Nowadays, solid crowns of several types are installed in the dentist’s office:

• Without spraying, these are ordinary crowns of a metallic color.
• Sprayed. If the patient is not satisfied with the low level of aesthetics, at his request, the crowns can be coated with a coating that imitates gold.
• With cladding. Crowns lined with ceramics are even more aesthetically pleasing. Their front part is covered with a ceramic lining. If you have just such a prosthesis installed, be careful when eating, as ceramics tend to chip.
• Combined. With combined prosthetics, some of the crowns are veneered with ceramics, and the rest, which are not visible when smiling, are installed without veneering.

How to install metal crowns

Installation is carried out in two stages:

• First, the crown is placed temporarily so that the dentist can observe the tooth’s reaction.
• If the patient does not experience pain, at the next appointment it is removed, the temporary cement is cleaned and installed again, but using glass ionomer or zinc phosphate cement.

If after the first installation it turns out that it causes discomfort in the patient, it is removed and processed again.

A correctly manufactured and installed metal crown:

• Has a smooth, polished surface.
• Contacts the opposite and adjacent teeth.
• Imitates the anatomical shape of a real tooth.
• Fits tightly to the neck of the tooth.
• Immerses into the periodontal groove by 0.2 mm.

Contraindications

In some cases, the installation of a metal crown is contraindicated or not recommended:

• Due to low aesthetics, they are not installed when replacing anterior teeth.
• Having an allergic reaction to alloys.
• Significant damage to a living tooth.
• Bruxism.
• Impaired occlusion of the dentition.

Damage to a metal crown

In some cases, a metal crown can cause harm:

Price

A regular solid crown costs 3,500 – 4,000 rubles; with spraying - 4,500 - 5,000, but the cost can reach 9,000 rubles. Stamped from base metal - about 2,000 rubles; made of stamped gold - about 6,000 rubles.

If you want to know whether it is better to install a solid crown or a stamped one, contact a prosthetic specialist at one of your local dentists. A list of the best dentists in your city is presented on our portal.

mydentist.ru

When to use

The coating is used not only in prosthetics, but also in dental treatment. If the enamel is severely damaged, a special paint is applied to the teeth, which protects the enamel from further destruction and provides excellent aesthetic results.

During prosthetics, metal structures are covered on top with a white substance. This allows them to be used for the front group. Designs with zirconium coating are also used. In this case, the material is a zirconium mass, which is evenly distributed onto a metal base. This material acts as a barrier to the penetration of metal particles into the oral cavity, thereby minimizing the risk of an allergic reaction to metal.

Types of alloys

The following alloys are used to create the coating: gold-containing, titanium, chromium-cobalt, silver-palladium, steel. The disadvantage of many products is the lack of naturalness, since in accordance with the color of the base metal, the products acquire a silver, gold or steel tint. The most attractive are devices with gold cladding. They have a smooth surface and do not accumulate pathogens and food particles. Gold is considered an antiseptic material.

The disadvantage of such designs is that they are too expensive and are not available to all patients. Currently, titanium nitride coating is increasingly used in dental practice. It looks as natural as possible; such models can be placed not only on the chewing group of the dentition, but also on the frontal group, since they have high aesthetic indicators.

The advantages of devices with cladding include:

• long period of operation;
• maximum naturalness, their shade does not differ from real elements;
• imitation of the anatomical shape of a real element;
• no allergic reactions to metal;
• tight grip around the neck of the tooth, so that the patient does not feel a foreign object in the mouth.

An undeniable advantage of such dental devices is also the fact that during their use the taste sensations do not deteriorate, since there is no metallic taste in the mouth, which cannot be said about traditional designs made of dental steel. The doctor decides which device to choose for dental restoration based on the condition of the oral cavity and his own tooth. An important factor in choosing models is the patient’s budget, since crowns with different coatings differ significantly in cost and are not available to every person.

tvoyzubnoy.ru

Source: zubi5.ru

Due to oral diseases, poor nutrition and age-related changes, the smile loses its attractiveness. The most common problems: darkening, the appearance of white spots, minor chips and uneven teeth. To eliminate these defects, dental lamination is prescribed in aesthetic dentistry. This is a cosmetic procedure without a therapeutic effect, which in rare cases helps reduce enamel hypersensitivity.

In the article Stom-Firms.ru we will tell you in detail about lamination, when and how it is done, and whether the procedure has any disadvantages.

What is teeth lamination

The essence of the procedure is that a plate is glued to each tooth in the smile area. The patient selects the shade of the onlay, and the doctor models its shape so that it follows the contour of the tooth.

Lamination is often compared to whitening and veneering - installation of veneers. To understand the specifics of the method and its difference from other aesthetic technologies, we have compiled a comparative table.

Whitening is a safe procedure, but it cannot correct the shape of crowns. When laminating, the enamel is ground down a little or etched with acid to improve adhesion to the overlays. Plates correct small defects in the dentition. When veneering, teeth are greatly ground down and serious flaws are masked.

Indications and contraindications for dental lamination

The procedure allows only a slight change in the shape of the incisors, so it is not prescribed to everyone. We list the cases when restoration is effective:

• The patient is dissatisfied with the natural shade of the enamel;
• Chemical bleaching is contraindicated;
• There are small gaps between the incisors, chips, scratches and cracks;
• Unaesthetic shape of teeth.

If it is necessary to eliminate significant aesthetic violations, for example, large gaps or deep cracks, veneering is offered.

Lamination cannot be done when caries is diagnosed, there are large fillings on the front teeth, if you are allergic to the composite and if you have bruxism. Contraindications also include a deep and straight bite: when the upper jaw protrudes above the lower jaw or if they are completely closed.

Teeth lamination methods

Before restoration begins, caries is treated and hygienic cleaning is carried out. The therapist then chooses the lamination method: direct, semi-direct or indirect. The solution depends on what problem needs to be eliminated: just change the color or carry out restoration.

Direct dental lamination: composite veneers

The technique allows you to change only the shade of the teeth. The restoration takes place in one visit. The dentist grinds down 0.5 mm of enamel and sequentially coats the teeth with conditioner, adhesive and composite material.

The volume of the last layer depends on the natural tone of the enamel: the darker it is, the thicker the veneer. Next, the dentist polishes and grinds the coating. In terms of time, this stage is equal to all previous work, because the coating is given a natural shape and shine.

The final appearance of the teeth largely depends on the skills of the specialist. He calculates how much material needs to be applied to make the smile look natural. Therefore, before your appointment, be sure to read reviews about therapists and choose a reliable, experienced specialist.

The advantages of the technique: low price compared to other techniques, the ability to adjust the result if you are not satisfied with the shape or shade, and minimal work time - all manipulations are done in one visit. The downside is fragility: depending on the thickness, after 3-8 years the veneers wear off and lose their shine.

Semi-direct lamination method

Installing composite veneers is a labor-intensive process that takes a lot of time. To speed up work in dentistry, they began to offer componers. These are factory blanks with a thickness of 0.3-0.7 mm, which are fixed to the composite. They come in two shades: universal (natural) and bleached.

The patient chooses a color, the doctor slightly grinds the teeth to eliminate unevenness, applies an adhesive, and a composite compound on the composites. For adhesion, he illuminates the composite with a lamp, corrects its shape and polishes it. The durability of the linings is on average 8 years.

Indirect lamination

The technology is used when it is necessary not only to bleach, but also to restore individual units. To do this, the doctor takes an impression of the jaw, and restoration structures are made from it in the laboratory. They come in 3 types:

• The thinnest -Lumineers. These are pads as thick as a contact lens - up to 0.3 mm, they are manufactured using patented technology in the USA. The system does not require turning, but it takes 1 month to produce and deliver. The reliability of the design, according to the manufacturer, is 10-20 years.
• Russian analogue, which is slightly thicker than lumineers -ultranir. They are made from ultra-strong IPS e.max ceramic with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm. The enamel is not prepared for it, and the production time is 7-14 days. Durability - more than 10 years.
• Ceramic laminates- thicker plates in comparison with those listed: thickness varies from 0.5 to 0.9 mm. They are made from metal-free material, which is similar in properties to a living tooth: it also refracts light and looks as natural as possible. To fix them, the dentist slightly prepares the tissue, then tries on the onlays; as a rule, this requires several visits. Among the advantages of the design, bioinertness is noted, that is, it does not cause rejection; and durability: does not lose color and shine for 10 years.

It is important to understand that the service life of onlays depends not only on the quality of the dentist’s work. The patient must treat the incisors with care, avoid biting off hard foods, and observe good hygiene.

How much does teeth lamination cost?

Pros and cons of teeth lamination

Compared to other reconstruction technologies, the procedure has a number of advantages:

• Tissues are injured less than when fixing veneers;
• Long service life;
• Painless;
• With semi-direct and indirect methods, you can predict the result and check whether the shade is suitable before starting work. The doctor places the plate on the tooth to see how natural the color looks.

The disadvantages include the high cost of the service and the fact that the enamel is still damaged.

On these pages you will find more information about teeth lamination and smile restoration methods:

Literature:

1. Yudina N. A. “Systematization of microprostheses of the anterior group of teeth and justification for the choice of aesthetic design: veneers, laminates, ultraneers, lumineers or composites?” // Modern Dentistry No. 2, 2012
2. Official website of Cerinate Smile Design Studio - manufacturer of lumineers.

Coated metal crowns are very popular in practical dentistry. The metal frame itself has been used for a long time; you can still meet people with “gold” and “silver” teeth. Now dentistry has decisively abandoned ugly sparkling metals and patients are offered coated products that do not differ from the rest of the dentition.

Designs with spraying have retained the main feature of such products - a metal frame. But the outer covering is now modernly different. Modern technologies for manufacturing prostheses make it possible to cover the surface with enamel that matches the color of the tooth. Therefore, tooth-colored metal products are one of the most popular methods of prosthetics today.

Products with coating and a metal frame have excellent endurance characteristics; they are able to withstand heavy loads during the process of chewing food, so they are placed taking into account which teeth need prosthetics. Indications for installation of metal structures:

• the need to protect walls with severe damage to the enamel walls;
• prosthetics on implants;
• the need to support bridge prosthetic structures;
• prosthetics of chewing teeth.

The frames are made according to an individual impression. These are one-piece structures, they fit perfectly on the tooth and tightly grip it. They provide excellent service over time, they are not easily damaged, and there are no chips, enamel cracks or grooves left on the surface of the structure from chewing food.

A distinctive feature of modern dentures is a unique coating that makes them identical to your own teeth. Titanium nitride is used for spraying, and the procedure itself is carried out using a vacuum-plasma method.

The process of etching titanium nitride onto a metal base is carried out in a vacuum under the influence of high temperature and a certain voltage. The prosthetic part is degreased, polished, after which, under the influence of current from one electrode, the smallest particles are transferred to the frame, which serves as the second electrode.

Artificial enamel covers the entire surface of the frame. Patients do not have to worry that somewhere the product will not be completely processed and the metal may show through - this is excluded. The only visualized metal part is the edge of the product, where titanium nitride is not applied, but when installing the structure, it goes under the gum and remains invisible to others.

Types of products

Sputtered metal crowns vary in the type of metal from which the frame is made, as well as the manufacturing method. Regarding the method, it can be mentioned that crowns are either solid or stamped. Stamped ones are inferior to solid cast ones in terms of strength, and they are cheaper. But solid frames last much longer, which is why most patients choose these designs.

As for the metal from which the bases are made, they can be: steel, gold alloys, titanium alloys, cobalt and chromium alloys, silver and palladium.

Regardless of what the frame is, the product after processing looks great and fully fits the dentition. To select the color of artificial enamel, the dentist checks the patient’s enamel shade chart and then the metal is treated with titanium nitride.

Advantages of a spray-coated frame

When choosing crowns, people are guided by various considerations - appearance, price of the product, etc. As for coated metal crowns, you can mention their advantages in order to focus the attention of patients when choosing this particular product:

• very durable and, if installed correctly, such structures will last more than ten years;
• are made according to an individual impression, and therefore most accurately imitate the shape of their own and fit perfectly into the dentition;
• hypoallergenic, therefore they take root in most patients;
• in appearance, the new items have in many ways surpassed their predecessors, maintaining the aesthetics of the patient’s smile;
• in the oral cavity, the products fit perfectly into place, they fit tightly and do not create the feeling of a foreign object in the mouth.

An important advantage is the fact that the product does not give a metallic taste in the mouth, which was noted during prosthetics with its predecessors - conventional metal frames.

Metal structures are mainly placed to perform complex tasks of chewing food, but products with titanium nitride can also be placed in the smile area, where they are not so actively involved. Let's consider locations where such frames can be installed:

• frontal zone– Doctors recommend installing durable crowns with a metal frame and zirconium coating. These crowns not only fit your own teeth, but are also particularly durable;
• chewing teeth– here it is better to use solid frames, since they are more durable. Moreover, in this zone the presence of spraying does not play such an important role, because the chewing surfaces themselves are hidden from the view of others.

The choice of design varies according to different indicators, and you can discuss the optimal cost with your doctor.

Not so long, but requiring preparation. The stages of prosthetics can be described as follows:

• at the first visit, the doctor conducts an examination and, if necessary, treats the teeth for caries, pulpitis, etc.;
• if the walls are severely damaged, it may be necessary to install a pin or;
• after this, the surface is ground and an impression is made to make a crown;

• The frame is tried on several times and sent for revision - this is a completely normal process; it rarely fits perfectly the first time;
• After the final fitting, the crown is sent to the laboratory to be processed and the prosthetics will be successfully completed at the next visit.

It is worth noting that during the process of dental treatment and adjusting the frame, the doctor continues to work with the patient’s oral cavity - he does, removes stone, etc. The patient is given recommendations on how to behave with the crown - do not chew nuts, seeds, candies and other hard foods. At the end of treatment, the patient receives a crown with dusting and healthy teeth for many years to come.

Metal crowns are orthopedic structures made of metal alloys that restore the anatomical shape and function of teeth. Treatment with metal crowns is a fairly old but effective method. Such structures are very strong, durable and inexpensive.

Pros and cons

The advantages of metal crowns include:

1. Effective restoration of functions (chewing, swallowing, speech);
2. High strength;
3. Tight fit to the tooth tissue;
4. No chips or breakages;
5. Anatomical shape of the structure;
6. No damage to opposing teeth;
7. They do not require complex tooth preparation and nerve removal;
8. Low cost;
9. Long service life.

The disadvantages of the design are:

• Low aesthetic values. Crowns look very different from natural teeth. When installing a metal crown on a front tooth, the structure is very noticeable to others and will disrupt the aesthetics of the smile;
• If you have an allergy to metals, you should not install a metal crown. It is only possible to make other types of structures or crowns made of gold. Since there is practically no allergy to this metal;
• After a long period of time, the crown wears off;
• Galvanic currents may occur in the oral cavity due to the presence of several types of metal in the mouth. Galvanic currents cause unpleasant symptoms: headache, metallic taste, eating disorders, burning mouth, poor sleep;
• When the crown is used for a long time, the neck of the tooth may be exposed, food can get under the crown and a carious process may occur.

Species

Metal crowns are either cast or stamped. Solid products are made from individual dental impressions by firing at high temperatures in a special oven. Such crowns have thick cast walls, which makes the structure very durable. Crowns are used on the lateral group of teeth due to their resistance to chewing pressure. Solid crowns come in the following types:

1. Sprayed. If the patient wishes, the crowns are coated with gold and look like gold teeth;
2. Zirconium-coated is a new type of construction in which metal crowns are coated with a small layer of zirconium dioxide. Spraying isolates the oral cavity from metal, can be used for allergies, and does not cause galvanic currents. Zirconium dioxide crowns are the best, highest quality and most expensive. Spraying is an inexpensive crown option that will offer some of the benefits of zirconia.
3. Without spraying - these are ordinary products that have a steel or silver color;
4. Coated (cladding). To make the structures more aesthetically pleasing, the front (front) surface is coated with ceramic mass. At the same time, the crown looks natural and does not catch the eye. The disadvantage of ceramic veneering is the risk of chipping, so it is recommended not to load the artificial tooth.

Stamped crowns are a metal cap. For manufacturing, standard sleeves are used and grinding is carried out with a special machine to give the required tooth shape. Such crowns are easy to manufacture and have a low cost. When preparing teeth, a minimal amount of hard tissue is removed, so there is no need to depulp the tooth.

The disadvantages of the design include: abrasion after prolonged use, incomplete restoration of tooth anatomy, and the risk of caries at the border of the crown and enamel.

Preparation for a solid crown

An important stage in the manufacture of the structure is preparation, that is, preparation of the tooth. Preparation for a solid metal crown consists of grinding the interdental contacts, chewing surface of the tooth or cutting edge by 0.2 - 0.3 mm. Next, the vestibular and oral sides of the tooth are prepared to the required thickness, as a result of which the tooth acquires a cylindrical shape. Dissections are carried out using special burs and a drill.

The finished stump for the crown looks like a truncated cone, the walls converge at an angle of 2-8 degrees. Experienced doctors create a ledge in the neck of the tooth. The ledge improves the fixation of the future structure and is an additional retention point for the dental technician. After preparation, the tooth is smoothed and polished using dental heads.

Care

After installing metal crowns, you must carefully adhere to the rules of hygienic care. In the absence of brushing teeth and interdental spaces, food debris accumulates in the neck of the teeth, between the crown and gum. When microorganisms and carbohydrates enter the area of ​​transition between the crown and the tooth, conditions are created for the development of the carious process. In addition, the tooth can be destroyed under orthopedic construction.

To maintain the health of your teeth and oral organs, you need to brush your teeth twice a day: morning and evening. During cleaning, you need to pay sufficient attention to the crowns, carefully clean the plaque between the crown and the gum. To clean the spaces between teeth, it is recommended to use dental floss (floss).

To do this, you need to take a thread 15-20 cm long, wrap it around your index fingers and brush between each tooth. After eating, you should use mouthwash or rinse your mouth with water. For periodontal diseases, it is necessary to rinse with antiseptic solutions and treat with anti-inflammatory drugs.

After installing crowns, do not forget about the need for preventive examinations at the dentist. It is recommended to visit a doctor every 6 months, carry out professional dental hygiene, and check the condition of the crowns. If an unpleasant odor occurs from under the structure or the crown does not fit properly, refixation (re-installation with new cement) can be performed.

Service life

Metal crowns have a long service life. Durable material makes it possible to operate the structure for 15-20 years or more. Very often, patients wear crowns for more than 25 years. But it is recommended to change crowns every 10 years. After a long period of time, atrophy and receding gums occur, and the edge of the crown is exposed. As a result, the crown may become cemented or dental diseases may occur. If periodontal disease occurs, the service life of crowns will be shorter.

The service life of the structure will also depend on the professionalism of the doctor, dental technician, type of structure and conditions of use. In order for the crown to last longer, you need to adhere to the rules of care, avoid excessive chewing load on the tooth, and periodically visit the dentist for a preventive examination.

How much does a metal crown cost?

Metal crowns are an inexpensive design in dentistry. The cost will depend on the prestige of the dental clinic, its location, the professionalism of the doctor and dental technician. And also depending on the type of metal, when making a crown from gold or platinum alloys, the price will be high. On average, the cost of a metal crown ranges from 1,000 to 18,000 rubles. If it is necessary to make an inlay for a crown, the price will be slightly higher.

Is it possible to do CT and MRI with metal crowns?

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are important research methods in medicine. 90% of people have metal structures in their mouth: crowns, pins, braces, implants, plates. The MRI method is based on recording response pulses of electrons when placing the required area of ​​study in conditions of a powerful electromagnetic field.

The study produces a three-dimensional image that allows you to evaluate the function and blood flow of the organ. Metal elements in the body cause image displacement and disruption of examination results. Modern technologies make it possible to perform MRI and CT scans in almost all cases due to the minimal use of pure metal alloys in dentistry.

Also, modern MRI machines allow you to change settings and obtain reliable examination results. We can conclude that everyone can undergo examinations; you just need to inform the doctor about metal structures in the mouth.

Metal crowns are an eternal classic, and they are in demand even despite the emergence of ceramic crowns, which look more attractive. What are their advantages?

Crowns are the best help for the most seemingly hopeless teeth. Even if the natural crown is almost destroyed, there is no need to remove the healthy root. Of course, a titanium pin can be inserted in its place, but there is no need for unnecessary interventions in the body.

Some consider metal crowns to be a kind of “relic of the past” - they have been replaced by snow-white ceramic products. However, the quality of the “classics” is not questioned, and some are better replaced with “hardware”. In addition, there is an excellent alternative - metal crowns with a smooth white coating.

Why are they needed?

Using metal attachments, you can restore teeth that have lost a large amount of hard tissue. The reason for the destruction does not matter, the main thing is a healthy root that can still be saved. In rare cases, problems with abnormal positioning or diastemas are solved with the help of metal crowns on teeth.

Similar products are also needed to create a prosthesis; they are installed on a pin - an artificial root. With their help, you can completely restore natural functionality; crowns cope with chewing loads no worse than real teeth.

Before installation, it is necessary to completely cure the problematic tooth - remove caries, periodontitis or pulpitis, and fill single-root canals. Products take root better on non-pulpless multi-rooted chewing teeth, so during preparation, dentists try to preserve the pulp.

If the coronal part is severely damaged, treatment alone is not enough - iron pins must be inserted into the root canals; some of the hard tissues can be restored using a composite (filling) material. Afterwards, you can begin grinding the tooth for installation of crowns.

Advantages and Disadvantages

One of the main advantages is durability. Roughly, iron chewing teeth can last for several decades. It is almost impossible to damage them during operation; the risk of chips or cracks is reduced to zero. Crowns made of gold metals are processed very easily; when installed, they are adjusted with maximum precision and perfectly imitate the required tooth shape. Another advantage is that during chewing activity they do not have a negative effect on the opposing natural tooth.

Titanium crowns are not inferior in quality to gold dentures - they have no side effects, are non-toxic and are even used to treat children's teeth. The quality and reliability of the materials allow the products to be placed on chewing teeth, which, unlike the front teeth, face serious chewing loads every day.

The most expensive option is gold dentures; the price of conventional metal dentures hits the wallet less painfully.

The main disadvantage is the appearance: metal dental crowns look very different from natural ones, which is why they are practically not placed on the front teeth, so as not to disturb the aesthetics of the smile. Their visibility will depend on the structure of the jaw; in some people, chewing teeth are visible when talking. Coated metal crowns can solve the problem.

Products made from conventional alloy are affordable, but if you are hypersensitive to certain types of metals, they can cause an allergic reaction.

In this case, her crown will have to be removed and another prosthetic option will be sought. Patients prone to allergies will have to choose more expensive, cheaper and safer metals that will not cause harm to the body.

Stamped dentures can be somewhat dangerous: there is a small gap between the tooth and the gum, because of this there is a high probability of inflammation of the soft tissues, an unpleasant odor and the development of caries. The thin walls of the “stamps” gradually wear out and can significantly worsen the condition of the tooth, which will eventually have to be removed.

Types of metal crowns

Metal dental crowns can be divided into two types: stamped and solid.

Stamped products are easier to manufacture and their cost is lower than cast ones. The design is a cap that is put on the tooth like a case. With this method of prosthetics, minimal grinding is necessary - the walls of stamped dental crowns are very thin, and can be used on living teeth.

There are also disadvantages: lost chewing functions are not fully restored, with long-term use the material may wear off, and if the fit is not tight, there is a high risk of developing caries.

Solid dentures are made using the one-piece casting method. The patient can choose from several product options - with or without spraying, with veneering or in the form of a combined bridge prosthesis. The advantages include strength and high wear resistance.

To make one-piece crowns, it is necessary to first make an individual impression of the jaw, so that the shape of the product will be as similar as possible to natural teeth. Thanks to this, you can eliminate the risk of cracks through which bacteria can penetrate under the crown.

In addition, such dentures can be made more aesthetically pleasing by spraying onto dental crowns. Another option is a veneer made of plastic or ceramic, which will make the tooth look as natural as possible. However, there is a small risk: the facing coating may crack, and small chips cannot be ruled out.

nashizuby.ru

Metal dental crowns

Metal crowns are made from a mixture of gold, copper, titanium and other metals that provide strength and resistance to corrosion. One example of a classic metal crown is a gold crown, or more precisely, a gold alloy. Over the decades, many different metal alloys have been used in the creation of dental crowns. Some of these metals may be silver in color and may contain various mixtures of different metals such as titanium, vitalium (cobalt-chromium alloy), silver, etc. Next, we will take a closer look at the types of metal crowns.

Metal dental crowns

A gold crown is an excellent choice and is recommended for back teeth. Gold is a very workable metal - this helps to achieve a very precise fit to the crown. Gold crowns can withstand strong bites and clenching well. Of all types of dental crowns, gold ones have the greatest potential for long-term wear. Additionally, the wear rate of a gold crown is about the same as tooth enamel. This means that the gold on the dental crown will not create excessive wear on the opposing teeth. The only problem with gold crowns nowadays is the high cost of gold.

Metal crowns coated in white and yellow

In cases where a metal crown is removed, you may have a preference as to whether a yellow crown (like gold) or a silver crown (like white) should be placed. The composition of the alloy determines its color. Noble metals for teeth: gold, platinum and palladium. In most cases, the overall cost between using a noble or base metal alloy can be small, so if you have a large crown, it may be the deciding factor in this matter.

Allergic harm and service life of metal crowns

You should also be aware that some people are allergic to metals. Studies have reported that about 10% of the female population and 5% of the male population have an allergic reaction to nickel, chromium and/or beryllium, (these metals are often found in base alloy crowns).

Solid metal crowns and bridges

As their name indicates, these prostheses are made entirely of one piece of alloy. The metals used in crowns and bridges consist of gold alloys, other noble alloys (eg palladium) or a base metal alloy (eg nickel, chromium, titanium). Stainless steel or aluminum are used as temporary crowns.

Photos of metal crowns on teeth

Compared to other types of crowns, metal crowns minimize the removal of tooth structure and wear on opposing teeth. Metal crowns and metal bridges can withstand strong bites, break less often, and last longer. The main disadvantage of solid metal crowns during restoration is their non-aesthetic appearance - the metallic color is the main disadvantage. Indications

1. Metal crowns and bridges are a good choice for back teeth.
2. To replace acrylic or composite veneers, a solid metal crown may be a better choice.
3. Although porcelain fused to metal seems to be the best solution, solid gold and titanium crowns are still widely used on posterior teeth.

Solid gold crowns and bridges

Gold is an excellent dental alloy and is used for various types of indirect restorations such as:

• Crowns and bridges made of porcelain fused with gold.
• Solid gold crowns and bridges.
• Removable partial dentures or inserts.

Gold alloy is made up of many different types of elements: Noble metals, such as: gold, platinum, palladium, silver; Non-ferrous metals: copper, tin and others. A proper gold alloy must contain at least 60% precious metals.

Advantages of gold alloys 1. Gold alloy will not corrode. Some metal alloys, under the influence of saliva, can undergo the so-called phenomenon of corrosion. This can result in an unsightly gray discoloration on the top of the dental crown. 2. Gold alloy has superior strength and resistance. The main advantage is that gold alloys can be manufactured to very thin thicknesses and still retain strength and stability. The advantage of this is that less tooth structure will be removed during the restoration. 3. Gold alloys are much lighter than non-ferrous alloys (with the exception of titanium). 4. Gold alloys are very well tolerated by the body and do not cause allergic reactions.

Cast metal crowns and titanium bridges

The use of titanium alloys for medical and dental work has increased dramatically in recent years. Due to its many physical and mechanical properties, titanium is used as a material for dental implants and dentures. The strength and rigidity of titanium are comparable to other noble or highly noble alloys used in dentistry.

In dentistry, titanium is used for many purposes: mainly for dental implants. This is the main material for the manufacture of porcelain crowns, solid metal crowns, etc. Although the cost of titanium prostheses is high, as a rule, it does not reach the price of gold crowns.

Dental crowns made of base metal alloys

Solid metal dentures are less expensive. They have good strength and durability, although they are inferior to gold or titanium alloys. For manufacturing, various metal alloys are used: nickel, chromium, iron and other stainless steels. As already mentioned, aluminum is used mainly for temporary crowns. It is a good choice when patients cannot afford more expensive crowns.

myzoj.com

What types of crowns are there for teeth?

In modern dentistry, dental crowns are divided into types depending on the material from which they are made. They come in metal, metal-ceramic and all-ceramic. When choosing a particular prosthesis, it is based on clinical indications, the wishes of the patient himself and, of course, cost.

Types of crowns for teeth

Metal. The first type of crown to appear, however it is still used today. They are made from various metal alloys - titanium, stainless or cobalt chrome steel. Metal dental crowns made of gold or platinum are also popular. They can be either made entirely of precious metals, or only coated. Metal dental crowns provide complete restoration of the chewing function of the tooth, but in appearance they are the most unaesthetic. The price of metal dental crowns is one of the most affordable.

Gold dental crowns. About 20 years ago, the most popular material for making crowns was gold. Today, the “gold tooth” is more kitsch than fashion, but in the outback, gold dental crowns are sometimes still popular. As you know, gold, as well as the “medical” alloy based on it, are considered one of the most acceptable metals for the body, therefore it is advised, for example, to wear only gold earrings for the first six months after a piercing. However, what is beautiful in the ears is not so beautiful in the mouth. However, as mentioned above, such prostheses perform the chewing function quite adequately, which cannot be said about the aesthetic one.

Metal-ceramic dental crowns. The middle option combines strength and, judging by patient reviews of metal-ceramic dental crowns, a relatively natural appearance.


The morning part of the structure is made of metal, and the outer part is made of ceramics. Despite all the advantages, metal-ceramic prosthetics is inferior to all-ceramic prosthetics, since even with a slight decrease in the gums, the metal rim becomes noticeable. But this problem is eliminated if you install a crown with a shoulder or use zirconium dioxide (white metal) instead of traditional alloys.

• Ceramic. The most expensive and most aesthetic look. In addition to the fact that ceramics allows you to create structures with the same transparency and color as natural teeth, it is also the most biocompatible material of all those described above. Ceramic crowns without metal impurities are an ideal option for prosthetics in the smile area, but unfortunately, they are not always suitable for chewing teeth due to some problems with strength.

Dental crowns on implants

When using implant prosthetics, the best option for restoring the front teeth, for which aesthetics is important, would be dental crowns made of metal-free ceramics. This is due to the fact that the metal can be seen through the ceramic, which imitates the transparency characteristic of natural dental tissue. Therefore, to achieve a high aesthetic result, the use of a zirconium abutment is recommended. When it comes to chewing teeth, aesthetics are not as important as functionality, so metal-ceramic dental crowns on implants may also be acceptable. For those patients who do not compromise between aesthetics and function, it is recommended to install zirconium dioxide crowns on the implant.

Installing a crown on a tooth

A dental crown is installed on one tooth in several stages.

Diagnostics. To find out whether it is possible to put a crown on a tooth, the doctor examines the oral cavity visually and necessarily sends it for an x-ray.

Treatment. Then the necessary treatment is carried out. Most likely, you will have to remove the nerve under the crown and fill the canals.

Grinding of teeth for crowns. If the dental tissue is slightly damaged, then the remaining walls are ground down. In the case where the “top” of the tooth is completely missing, a dental inlay is additionally installed under the crown, which will ensure its reliable fixation. Previously, instead of an inlay, a pin was installed; today, a dental crown on a pin is considered an outdated technique, which has a number of complications leading to tooth loss.

Making dental crowns. After all the preparatory procedures are completed, impressions are taken from the patient and sent to the dental laboratory.

Installation of dental crowns. This is followed by fitting of the finished product in the oral cavity and installation. Many people are concerned with the question “What are dental crowns glued to?” Orthopedic structures are placed on special cement, which allows the prosthesis to hold on for a long time and reliably.

All manipulations are carried out over several visits. Making dental crowns is possible in a few hours, provided the necessary equipment is available in dentistry.

How to place a crown on a tooth

Crown on a living tooth without pulp removal

If we are talking about grinding healthy teeth to fix a dental bridge, then an important question arises about the need to depulp the tooth. Everything here is very individual. But, as a rule, doctors prefer not to take risks and in most cases remove the nerve.

Color of dental crowns

Modern technologies make it possible to produce orthopedic structures that are indistinguishable from natural teeth. Naturally, we are talking about ceramic, metal-ceramic and plastic crowns, and not metal ones. Ceramics used in modern dentistry are able to completely imitate the color and transparency of the enamel of the teeth adjacent to the prosthetic. The same applies to the plastic used to make temporary crowns. But if we are talking about metal-ceramics, then crowns with a zirconium frame can “get into color,” and in the case of other metals, the frame can show through the artificial enamel. In modern dental laboratories, the color and shade of enamel for crowns is selected according to the Vita scale, which represents the majority of natural tooth shades.

How are dental crowns removed?

There are 3 main ways.

1. Kopp apparatus. Using a special drill, the doctor breaks the cement at the base of the prosthesis, then removes the structure with forceps.
2. Sawing. The structure is cut in the center and removed.
3. Coronaflex. The crown is removed carefully and without damage using compressed air. The method is expensive, but after the procedure it is possible to re-install an artificial tooth.

Dental crowns are removed if the following problems occur:

Toothache under a crown

Modern materials make it possible to make dental crowns that fit as closely as possible to the tissues of the prepared tooth, however, sadly, the patient sometimes has the feeling that his dental crown hurts. Of course, it’s not the crown that hurts, but the tooth underneath it. Toothache under a crown can mean several different problems, but the most common is the formation of secondary caries in the area where the crown adheres to the tooth tissue. If this happens, be prepared to remove dental crowns, re-prep the teeth and install new orthopedic structures. If this is not done, the tooth under the crown may completely collapse, leading to its loss.

Caries under the crown

Sometimes this is due to an error by a doctor or dental technician, when the procedures for making or installing a crown were violated: if it does not fit tightly to the tooth, if saliva got under it during installation, if caries was not completely treated, the formation of secondary caries under the crown is more than likely .

Unpleasant odor from under the crown

The smell from under the dental crown occurs when food debris or saliva gets under the denture. Bacteria multiply faster in this environment, causing an unpleasant odor. Inflammatory processes in the dental tissues under the denture also lead to an unpleasant odor.

Important! Removing dental crowns and installing new ones must be done approximately every 10 years, otherwise you risk becoming one of those users who frantically write in the search bar in their browser: “I swallowed a dental crown, what should I do?!” By the way, modern materials for making crowns are absolutely non-toxic; sharp edges and chips pose a danger if swallowed. Therefore, if it was not a small piece of a fallen-off crown that was swallowed, but the entire structure or a substantial part of it, you should consult a doctor - a surgeon, a gastroenterologist, or the nearest emergency room.

Can a tooth crown be inexpensive?

The cost of a dental crown per tooth will directly depend on the type of material used, the method of its manufacture, the category of the clinic and its location, as well as the qualifications of the orthopedic doctor. For example, in Moscow, prices for metal crowns can vary from 3,000 to 16,000 rubles, for metal-ceramic crowns - from 7,000 to 40,000 rubles, and the average cost of a ceramic crown is about 21,000 rubles. You can find out in more detail how much a particular dental crown will cost for one tooth during an in-person consultation at a dental clinic.

The best dental crowns

Perhaps every patient who is thinking about prosthetics asks the question: “Which dental crowns are better?” We remind you once again that any decision, including the choice of crown material, should be made jointly by the doctor and the patient. A conscientious dentist will always tell you about the best crowns for the front teeth, all the options for prosthetics, as well as the pros and cons of one or another option specifically in your case. Thus, the best dental crowns are those that your doctor recommends to you. If we are talking about the advantages of materials, then the leaders here, without a doubt, are all-ceramic crowns made by pressing or by manufacturing using refractory models. They are ideal for anterior teeth from an aesthetic point of view, as they accurately reproduce the color and transparency of natural enamel, and are also strong enough to withstand the same chewing load that the patient's natural teeth can withstand.

Restoration of dental crowns

Dentures, like natural teeth, require care - careful oral hygiene and restoration of dental crowns. Service life and repair requirements depend on the material. Structures made of ceramics and metal-ceramics are susceptible to the formation of defects. Zirconium dioxide is more durable and cannot be broken or scratched. A zirconium prosthesis lasts about twenty years and does not require repair. As a rule, indications for restoration of the tooth crown are chips, cracks and discoloration of the structure. The procedure should only be carried out by a specialist; experiments at home often lead to breakage of the prosthesis or damage to healthy teeth.

What to do if the crown of a tooth falls off?

The prosthesis may fall out if installed on low-quality cement or the manufacturing technology of the structure itself is violated. If a dental crown has come off, you need to make an appointment with your dentist as soon as possible. The specialist will conduct a diagnosis, find out the cause and offer options for further action.

While waiting for a visit to the doctor, you should wash and disinfect the prosthesis and clean the insert. You can try to install the structure in place if the process does not cause discomfort or pain. Dental cement, sold at the pharmacy, will help to temporarily secure the artificial tooth. This measure is necessary to prevent food and bacteria from entering the dental cavity before consulting a specialist. If the crown of a tooth falls out along with the inlay, it is recommended to seal the damaged area with cement gel - the resulting “filling” will also protect against infection.

If the crown of the tooth breaks and does not fly off, you must carefully remove a piece of the prosthesis and treat the sharp edge with pharmaceutical glue to avoid injury.

Important! It happens that a dental crown falls out and the patient swallows it. Then you should immediately contact the dentist. The material of the prosthesis is non-toxic, but sharp edges can damage the esophageal mucosa.

When choosing a clinic and a doctor to install a crown, it is important to understand that a high-quality product cannot be cheap and cannot be done in one day. An incorrectly manufactured and installed orthopedic structure can cause various complications in the form of periodontitis, malocclusion, damage to contact teeth and other unpleasant problems. If after installing a crown you feel discomfort or your tooth begins to hurt, you should immediately seek help from a dentist.

www.startsmile.ru

Types of metal crowns

If you contact a specialist to install a metal crown, you will be offered two options depending on the method of its manufacture:

• Stamped. A standard sleeve, which is processed with a special apparatus to give it the desired shape.
• Solid cast. It is made from individual casts by firing in a kiln. It has thicker walls, which has a positive effect on service life.

They are made from noble (gold, palladium, silver, platinum) and base metals (steel, nickel and chromium alloys). Because of their metallic color, they are used only for prosthetic teeth on the side teeth, which are not visible when speaking. Ideal for prosthetics of chewing teeth, as they can withstand heavy loads.

Stamped crowns

These are prosthetics that are made from factory sockets, which are given the desired shape. They have thin walls, so there is no need to grind off a large amount of tooth tissue. They are installed if there is no destruction of the roots and at least a third of the tooth crown is preserved.

To create them, stainless steel or gold is used.

The ease of manufacture resulted not only in low cost, but also in the short service life of the product. Gold stamped crowns are made from an alloy that is 90% gold. For the chewing surface, gold of a lower standard is used to increase its resistance to mechanical stress.

Manufacturing stages:

During manufacturing, firing is carried out several times to make the metal more dense and unyielding. The prosthesis should not have cracks or irregularities.

Indications for installation of a stamped crown

Stamped crowns are installed:

• For temporary prosthetics of a baby tooth before replacing it with a permanent one.
• As a supporting element when installing a bridge prosthesis.
• When a tooth is damaged by caries or injured so much that it cannot be restored with a filling.
• To protect a healthy tooth if a clasp denture is installed on it.

A more durable prosthetic option is to install a solid crown made of cobalt-chrome alloy. As the name implies, they are cast completely, and not in parts, like stamped ones. The undeniable advantage of a cast crown is the absence of solder joints, which makes it especially durable. It fits tightly to the ground tooth, preventing the cement from dissolving and reducing the risk of food getting under it. Wearing period is 15-20 years.

Modeling a solid crown includes several stages:

1. Tooth preparation. From 0.3 to 0.5 mm of tissue is sanded off.
2. Making impressions, including adjacent and opposing teeth.
3. Creating a wax cap using the stretching method.
4. Casting the prosthesis.
5. Metal surface treatment. Fitting, finishing, polishing.

Types of solid crown

Nowadays, solid crowns of several types are installed in the dentist’s office:

• Without spraying, these are ordinary crowns of a metallic color.
• Sprayed. If the patient is not satisfied with the low level of aesthetics, at his request, the crowns can be coated with a coating that imitates gold.
• With cladding. Crowns lined with ceramics are even more aesthetically pleasing. Their front part is covered with a ceramic lining. If you have just such a prosthesis installed, be careful when eating, as ceramics tend to chip.
• Combined. With combined prosthetics, some of the crowns are veneered with ceramics, and the rest, which are not visible when smiling, are installed without veneering.

How to install metal crowns

Installation is carried out in two stages:

• First, the crown is placed temporarily so that the dentist can observe the tooth’s reaction.
• If the patient does not experience pain, at the next appointment it is removed, the temporary cement is cleaned and installed again, but using glass ionomer or zinc phosphate cement.

If after the first installation it turns out that it causes discomfort in the patient, it is removed and processed again.

A correctly manufactured and installed metal crown:

• Has a smooth, polished surface.
• Contacts the opposite and adjacent teeth.
• Imitates the anatomical shape of a real tooth.
• Fits tightly to the neck of the tooth.
• Immerses into the periodontal groove by 0.2 mm.

Contraindications

In some cases, the installation of a metal crown is contraindicated or not recommended:

• Due to low aesthetics, they are not installed when replacing anterior teeth.
• Having an allergic reaction to alloys.
• Significant damage to a living tooth.
• Bruxism.
• Impaired occlusion of the dentition.

Damage to a metal crown

In some cases, a metal crown can cause harm:

Price

A regular solid crown costs 3,500 – 4,000 rubles; with spraying - 4,500 - 5,000, but the cost can reach 9,000 rubles. Stamped from base metal - about 2,000 rubles; made of stamped gold - about 6,000 rubles.

If you want to know whether it is better to install a solid crown or a stamped one, contact a prosthetic specialist at one of your local dentists. A list of the best dentists in your city is presented on our portal.

mydentist.ru

When to use

The coating is used not only in prosthetics, but also in dental treatment. If the enamel is severely damaged, a special paint is applied to the teeth, which protects the enamel from further destruction and provides excellent aesthetic results.

During prosthetics, metal structures are covered on top with a white substance. This allows them to be used for the front group. Designs with zirconium coating are also used. In this case, the material is a zirconium mass, which is evenly distributed onto a metal base. This material acts as a barrier to the penetration of metal particles into the oral cavity, thereby minimizing the risk of an allergic reaction to metal.

Types of alloys

The following alloys are used to create the coating: gold-containing, titanium, chromium-cobalt, silver-palladium, steel. The disadvantage of many products is the lack of naturalness, since in accordance with the color of the base metal, the products acquire a silver, gold or steel tint. The most attractive are devices with gold cladding. They have a smooth surface and do not accumulate pathogens and food particles. Gold is considered an antiseptic material.

The disadvantage of such designs is that they are too expensive and are not available to all patients. Currently, titanium nitride coating is increasingly used in dental practice. It looks as natural as possible; such models can be placed not only on the chewing group of the dentition, but also on the frontal group, since they have high aesthetic indicators.

The advantages of devices with cladding include:

• long period of operation;
• maximum naturalness, their shade does not differ from real elements;
• imitation of the anatomical shape of a real element;
• no allergic reactions to metal;
• tight grip around the neck of the tooth, so that the patient does not feel a foreign object in the mouth.

An undeniable advantage of such dental devices is also the fact that during their use the taste sensations do not deteriorate, since there is no metallic taste in the mouth, which cannot be said about traditional designs made of dental steel. The doctor decides which device to choose for dental restoration based on the condition of the oral cavity and his own tooth. An important factor in choosing models is the patient’s budget, since crowns with different coatings differ significantly in cost and are not available to every person.

Where to get teeth inserted cheaply Temporary crown on a tooth