Scheme of a heated floor for a single-pipe system. How to connect a heated floor to central heating

A water heated floor from central heating installed in an apartment will provide an optimal microclimate in all rooms and will save on heating the coolant. The water heated floor is connected to the central heating line according to one of the schemes, and hot water via a circulation pump it enters directly into the heating circuit.

The remote control can be reset using a special key combination. They are used in particular in radiators in which the beacon must be connected to the power supply line or in the case of emitters which must be connected or removed again when the power supply line is attached to the building. The warm cracked stove is a little cozy on especially gray winter days. But they want to first cut the firewood for it, stack it and put it in the oven many times, because many fireplace friends are too complicated.

It's easier with a pellet stove. The granules are cheap, homemade and dry, and easy to handle. However, in order for Pellettofen to function smoothly, you need to follow some rules. The first step is to find the right pellet stove. You should not have high expectations for the ability to store heat in pellet stoves, warns the eco-test. The housings usually consist of sheet steel. The best storage containers still have models with partial panels made of cast steel, natural stone or ceramic.

Possibility of connecting a warm water floor to central heating

This possibility exists, however, it is limited to a certain extent by a number of legislative acts, and therefore, if you make an unauthorized connection of a warm water floor system to the battery circuit, you may end up with a number of problems with the control bodies. In addition, if the housing office authorities detect an unauthorized connection to the central heating system, residents will be subject to not only penalties, but a mandatory requirement to dismantle all equipment for warm water floors.

Compared to conventional wooden chimneys, pellet stoves are very easy to clean. Individual kilns usually have a container that often holds the pellets for more than one day. The oven itself doses required quantity. This saves reloading of wood shafts or. There are pellet stoves with water and those with hot air distribution.

Many of the furnaces can draw the air needed for combustion directly from outside the home through a supply duct, which is available as an economical accessory. This is useful because combustion of air in the room provides a constant supply fresh air, for example, through open window. Without ventilation, the ventilation system or strong exhaust can suck highly toxic carbon monoxide from the combustion chamber and distribute it into the living room.

This is due to the ban on changes and subsequent modernization of existing utility systems in an apartment heated by central heating. First of all, when connecting a water floor heating system to the central line, the problem of temperature difference arises. That is, the temperature mark of the coolant in the pipes of the central heating main is in the range of 70-90 °C, while the finishing coating of the water heated floor system is deformed and becomes unusable already at 50 °C.

The built-in pellet stove must be removed from the chimney

To be completely independent of indoor air, a model must be designed that has special seals on the doors and in the supply and exhaust ducts that prevent the leakage of carbon monoxide. These furnaces have been approved by the German Institute for Structural Engineering. For all other devices, the safety switch must prevent the ventilation system and oven from operating at the same time or ensure that the window is open. Like other single fires, a pellet stove installation must be taken from the chimney.

Along with this, there are a number of schemes according to which you can make the correct connection to the centralized heating system without harm to the heated floor.

The scheme is based on the creation of a stationary heating point in which the key function will be performed by a circulation pump. If the apartment has one exit to the heating system, then water system heating can be connected according to the principle of radiator batteries.

The government often provides grants for the purchase of a pellet stove. However, the financial support of 500 euros for pellet stoves has been excluded by the Federal Office of Economics and Export Control. This base subsidy will be increased by 50 percent if the furnace is used in an older building that has been renovated to an efficiency home that is 30 percent better insulated than the current energy conservation rule dictates. If at the same time a subsidized solar system is used to support heating, a further €500 in funding is possible.

In order to equip a warm floor, you should select and purchase pipes. To place them on the base floor in a snake pattern, corner connections will be required, the use of which in some cases can adversely affect the level of reliability of the system.

Due to the fact that after installation the heated floor will be filled with cement screed, if the pipe section is deformed, the monolithic coating will have to be completely dismantled.

A prerequisite is hydraulic adjustment of the heating system and the use of highly efficient heating pumps. Wood pellets or compressed sawdust pellets have revolutionized the heating of wood. Can be dosed at any time without much effort and with standard properties, they make heating wood a comfortable event. In addition, the price of oil and gas is generally lower. However, depending on your shipping method, you may still be able to save money. If your pellets are supplied in the same way without fuel in multiple bags, fuel costs will be saved.

Another alternative scheme for connecting a water floor is carried out in the direction from the return pipe of the radiator to the heating circuit; for this it will be necessary to install shut-off valves. Installation of heated floors can be carried out oriented towards a closed system. All methods will be discussed in more detail below.

At the same time, a ton of loose granules cost an average of 235 euros, which is about one fifth less. In winter, prices for pellets traditionally rise. The calorific value of one kilogram of granules corresponds to approximately half a liter of fuel oil. For heating oil, the annual average is 8.5 cents compared to natural gas at 7 cents. Densely delivered pellets average an annual average of 4.5-5.0 cents per kilowatt-hour.

If the pellets are too fragile or if there is too much wood dust in the feed, problems may arise with transport into the kiln and during combustion. It is important that the wood dust content is as low as possible - preferably less than one percent - and no contamination from plastic residues or varnishes. Otherwise, there is a risk that the oven will be greased, and in the worst case, it will fail completely.

The disadvantages of connecting a water floor to a central heating system include:

Illegality of installation;
High probability of heating system failure;
The appearance in the house system of areas characterized by uneven distribution of coolant;
Labor intensity of installation work.

The most suitable option would be one in which direct and return pipelines enter the apartment central system. If the house has a vertical distribution of risers, the heating unit will distribute heat through the floor throughout all rooms. However, the amount of thermal energy received from each riser of the central system will be strictly limited.

Store granules in a dry place

In addition, there are several certificates in which you can find out the quality of the granules. In addition, according to the Institute, the entire supply chain is monitored from production to delivery. To do this, it is necessary to clarify the ash softening temperature. Pellets in bags should be stored dry. If stored incorrectly, wet pellets do not burn well and can contaminate the heating system. Before this, the Association of Private Builders in Berlin warns. When transporting, make sure that the pellets will not break or fall off.

You can connect a warm water floor to a central heating system using a dependent and independent circuit.

Connection to the central system via a separate input

Whatever scheme is chosen, first of all, you should pay attention to the quality of the coolant in the central pipeline. It contains large number needle valves, in which solid particles accumulate, which can subsequently seriously clog the water heated floor pipes. To connect, water floor pipe bends are connected (welded) to the central heating manifold (riser). The advantages of such a connection are as follows:

Can radiant sex cause varicose veins?

Any wood dust or small particles should not enter the oven. Radiant floor cannot cause varicose veins veins, because simply to cause a health injury, there must be very high temperatures on the surface of the sidewalk.

Can any type of floor finishing be installed with underfloor heating?

Besides, who can imagine that, if it was truly harmful, it was not strictly prohibited? Radiation flooring can be installed with any final pavement surface as long as the manufacturer's installation instructions are followed. If wood or pallet is used, it must be special for use with this type of heating because decomposition may cause warps or cracks in the wood.

Hot water at a constant temperature will be supplied to the home heating system manifold - this is achieved through the operation of a pre-installed thermostatic valve;
The desired temperature can be set using a three-way valve equipped with a thermostat;
The bypass will ensure minimal water flow after closing the valves;

With this connection, it is recommended to make protection for the circulation pump, which will protect it from running dry. As protection, you can install a flow or pressure control relay. An overhead thermostat can also be attached, which can turn off the pump when the lower temperature limit is reached (20°C). For more reliable control of the system, you should replace the thermostatic valve with a regulator that will adjust the heating temperature based on the outside temperature in the room.

Could it be harmful to walk barefoot on the sidewalk with radiant flooring?

Special wood for underfloor heating has a lower insulation coefficient than conventional ones. As stated in the previous question, the floor surface temperature in a radiant floor installation is very low and we do not run the risk of burns or other health damage.

Is it possible to damage the underfloor heating system?

If the system is installed according to the manufacturer's criteria, such an installation will easily exceed 50 years. Some manufacturers offer warranties of up to 25 years for their system. What can happen is that the malfunction is caused by accident or neglect.

Connection to the central system via vertical wiring

This connection method is based on the reconstruction of an existing radiator system. It is known that each individual riser in an apartment has a flow rate limit for a certain amount of coolant. The flow is regulated using a control valve.

If the radiant floor pipe is punctured or broken under the pavement, it can be repaired without lifting the entire floor. They can be easily repaired because there are special alliances with complete reliability to solve this problem. To carry out the repair, you simply need to raise a very small surface of the floor.

Which emission system is best for heating, underfloor heating or radiators?

Generally, underfloor heating is the most complete and suitable system for heating installations, although depending on the type of use it may not be the most suitable system in some cases. You should always study each individual case to determine the most appropriate option.

When connecting underfloor water heating pipes to a riser, it is possible to receive twice as much heat as from conventional radiators. This is explained by the fact that at the same water temperature in the supply pipes and the return pipe, during the difference the temperature will be twice as high - 70/30°C in the radiator and 70/50°C in the water floor pipes. If the apartment has 4 risers, warm water from the central system can be taken from two, and the coolant from the other two will pass in transit. This scheme consists of:

With an underfloor heating system, can you control different temperatures in each room?

Independent temperature control can be carried out without any problems in all the rooms we want. In fact, according to regulations different zones need to be differentiated in one house.

Can radiant floor work for cooling or heating only?

Radiant flooring can also be used as a cooling system in combination with heat pumps if the installation takes into account certain technical specifications to avoid condensation forming on the pavement surface.

Risers for a two-pipe heating system;
Balancing valve;
Three way valve;
Drive for three-way valve.

When implementing this scheme, you need to replace old radiators with new heat exchangers. This will not in any way affect the change in the hydraulic operating mode of the riser, since all balancing valves will remain with the same settings.

Can moisture appear on the soil surface when cooling is used?

Since this fact limits the chilled electricity supplied, in hot climates or buildings with large cooling needs, other air conditioning systems must be supplemented to cover 100% of the demand. Condensation or moisture can occur on the surface if the flow temperature is not properly controlled in underground circuits. If the water is supplied very cold, this increases the risk of condensation forming on the pavement surface and therefore it is necessary to establish specific rules and designs to eliminate this possible phenomenon.

The secondary circuit from the water floor must be connected in parallel. In order not to have to balance the heat exchangers in the second circuit again, when installing a single system, you need to use PVC pipes of the same length.

Connection to central heating with vertical wiring (one-pipe system)

You can make a connection using this scheme within one day; this option also involves reconstructing the old heating pipeline. In the existing single-pipe system, it is forbidden to lower the temperature level of the coolant; it is also impossible to control its flow. Warm floors can be connected to a centralized system via a riser.

Can radiant heating be installed in an already built house?

To install radiant flooring in construction, what space or height should be reserved on the floor for this purpose. It can be installed if the free heights available in the structure are sufficient, although of course reform work must be proposed to achieve it. There are also "dry" radiant systems that already include a pre-finished coating, but are usually more expensive.

Does placing a radiant floor in front of a conventional emissions system, such as radiators, compensate economically. There is no doubt that a radiant floor makes it expensive to install radiant heat in a home or building in relation to one of the radiators, but the cost reduction that this radiant system gives to others depends significantly on the heating system used, although in heat pump installations can be easily implemented, for the traditional system to finally become a more expensive initial investment.

This can be done by replacing the existing radiator in a separate room with an underfloor water heating circuit. The scheme is implemented with a mandatory condition - the coincidence of the thermal load of the water and central systems - the difference in temperature should not exceed 5-10°C.

This scheme is classified as dependent, since in each room the old radiator is replaced with one water floor heating circuit. You can control the room temperature by turning the circulation pump on and off, controlled by the room thermostat.

Is underfloor heating the best option in all cases?

In most cases, the difference is largely offset by reduced energy costs. Heated floors are very low level consumption and a very convenient system, but it has the disadvantage of being a "slow" emission system, and in cases where the heat load is very variable over time, it may be more appropriate to use a faster emission system and better adapted to this type of demand.

Are heated towel rails useful as a radiator element?

For this reason, it is very important to consult with specialists who can recommend a system for your specific case.

What is the function of a heated towel rail

Towel rails, as the word goes, are used primarily to hang towels and speed up the drying of towels after a bath or shower, although they are often used as a radiator element in bathrooms.

If the coolant in the riser of the central system is drained, the pump will automatically turn off. The three-way valve can be equipped with an actuator that controls the heating based on the outside temperature. The advantages of this scheme are:

Possibility of installing different heating systems in different rooms;
Low cost of work and materials;
Lack of needle valves and underfloor heating manifolds;
The system will not be demanding on the quality of circulating water;

There are also disadvantages - if air gets into the heating circuit, the pump can make a lot of noise.

In addition, you can use a peak instantaneous water heater when connected to a central heating system. Everything can be done based on the diagram described above, but at the same time include an additional peak electric boiler in it. This unit will heat the coolant in winter on those days when the central system cannot provide the required level of heat.

An electric boiler connected to the central system on one side, and to a warm water floor on the other, will be able to maintain constant temperature using the built-in thermostat. If there is enough heat from the central system, the three-way valve will be in the closed position, and electricity will be spent only to compensate for the heat loss of the electric boiler body. If the two-way valve is in the open position, then the required amount of coolant will be additionally heated in the boiler.

What to pay attention to when connecting

When choosing any scheme for connecting a warm water floor to a centralized heating system, fastening to the side entrance of the collector using fittings is used.
The screed for the finishing coating (linoleum, tiles, parquet) must be made thin (about 3 cm) and be sure to supplement it with a reinforced mesh, which is laid on top of the PVC pipes.
It is not recommended to lay an additional insulating layer under the laminate - this will significantly reduce the level of heat transfer.
After the first test run, the system will fully warm up within two days.
If you plan to pass through a wall, then it is best to use corrugated tubes.
The minimum height of the finishing screed should not exceed 3 cm from the top pipe.
When connecting a warm water floor to a central heating system, you cannot use the coolant circulating in it directly - this can cause irreparable harm to the hydraulics of the entire building.
When connecting a heated floor to an electric boiler, together with the radiator, you can connect the batteries directly to the floor, and connect the circuits to the collectors.
When choosing components and design mechanisms, it should be borne in mind that most of them can withstand a pressure of 1-2.5 atmospheres, and in the central system it can reach 16 atmospheres.

The choice of a specific scheme for connecting a warm water floor to the central heating system in an apartment directly depends on the area of the room. If it exceeds 30-35 sq. m., it is advisable to make several connections to different collectors.

Warm floors have been familiar to humanity since ancient Roman times, which has been repeatedly confirmed by excavations. Since Russia is considered a country with a harsh climate, the issue of heating housing plays an important role.

Recently, heated floors have become widespread in our country, especially in the field of individual housing construction. Their use gives the home a unique coziness and comfort. They come in two types: electric or water. Due to their durability, environmental friendliness and relatively low cost, underfloor heating is more widespread.

Warm floors from heating are installed not only in apartments, but also in office, industrial or warehouse premises. Thanks to their large heating surface area, they ensure optimal circulation of warm air, as a result of which the air temperature in different places the premises are the same.

For example, a heated floor from heating in a children's room protects the child from colds, as it eliminates drafts. In rooms with high ceilings from 3.5 m to 5 m warm water floors have no alternative at all, which is especially important for warehouses where a certain temperature is maintained.

Warm water floors are installed under any type of flooring.

The design and principle of operation of heated floor heating

This floor is structure made of small diameter plastic pipes(cross-linked polyethylene or metal-plastic), which are characterized by high thermal conductivity, flexibility and low resistance. The length of pipelines ranges from 40 to 500 meters. They are manufactured as a single unit, which eliminates leakage at the joints.

To maintain the required temperature, warm water floors are equipped with coolant mixing unit, consisting of a manifold, pump and thermostatic mixer with adjustable temperature sensors.

Warm floors from heating can function from two sources:

Central heating systems:
individual gas boiler.

It must be remembered that connecting such a floor to a central heating system V apartment buildings strictly prohibited due to increased load on the system, the possibility of water hammer. This can be done after agreement with the heating supply organization only in houses of new series, where a separate riser is provided for pumping out hot water in the event of a breakdown in the heating system. In this case, in mandatory Heat consumption meters are installed.

Using the second method is preferable, since the coolant parameters are set individually and do not depend on the central heating system.

Operating principle underfloor heating from heating is quite simple: through a collector using a pump, hot water is supplied slight pressure moves along the entire length of a specially laid pipeline. The floor covering, which has good thermal conductivity, heats up and releases heat into the room. At the same time, the air temperature near the floor is higher than at human height, which is physiologically justified.

Then, through the return line, the cooled coolant flows through the collector into the riser of the central heating system or into the gas boiler for heating.

Installation diagrams for heated floor heating

Exists three main schemes installation of underfloor heating from heating:

concrete;
lungs;
thin.

The concrete system is the main one. She lays on strong load-bearing reinforced concrete floors and uses a concrete screed as a heat distribution layer, which ensures maximum heat transfer. Such a system is also called “wet” or “filled” and is the most reliable and in an efficient way laying heated floors from heating. This method ensures maximum floor heat transfer, which more than covers all heat loss in the room. This flooring is distinguished by high strength, hygiene, environmental friendliness, low cost, comfort and coziness.

In rooms where there are no durable reinforced concrete floors, it is used lightweight system, which is also called “dry” (based on installation technology), wood or polystyrene (based on the materials used). Its basis is polystyrene boards or chipboards, on which heat distribution plates with grooves for the heating pipeline are placed. A layer of GVL sheets is laid on top. Basics of it advantages are as follows:

no high costs related to concreting;
rapidity(no need to wait 28 days for the screed to harden);
small thickness(35 - 60 mm).

It has two main disadvantages: low heat transfer (up to 50 - 60 W/m2) and high price, which depends on the cost of heat distribution plates and installation costs.

This system is used in:

in houses with wooden floors;
at reconstruction;
at low altitude premises;
at tight deadlines installation

To install underfloor heating from heating in small rooms up to 7m2 (bathroom, toilet, kitchen, etc.), a thin scheme is used when they are mounted on a fabric base small diameter pipelines(up to 8 mm), covered with copper mesh. The limited use of this scheme is due to high hydraulic resistance due to the small diameter of the pipeline, which creates a huge load on the heating system.

Installation technology

The technology for installing underfloor heating from heating consists of the following main stages:

Advantages and disadvantages of underfloor heating

The advantages of underfloor heating are as follows:

energy savings up to 30%;
low cost installation;
such floors are arranged for various types of flooring for a house or apartment;
they can operate both autonomously (from a gas boiler) and from a central heating system;
duration of operation ( up to 50 years old);
high level thermal comfort;
they can serve as both the main and auxiliary heat source;
wide range thermoregulation.