Let's start with a general description of procedures for the disease. Treatment measures designed to eliminate the factor that caused pharyngitis. The patient needs treatment of local manifestations of the disease and restoration of immunity. It is not important to observe bed rest, but you should not endure pharyngitis “on your feet” either.

Local exposure is the most effective method of treating pharyngitis. The medications used must have an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antibacterial effect - these can be sprays (for example, Bioparox), lozenges, tablets (for example, Miramistin), etc. Throat diseases can also be treated using herbal decoctions and propolis.

Treatment does not allow changes in the time and frequency of use of medications, or their unauthorized withdrawal until the end of the course of treatment for pharyngitis. In addition to drug therapy, pharyngitis can be treated using physiotherapeutic methods (UV irradiation, electrophoresis, etc.)

We treat pharyngitis with chlorophyllipt

Chlorophyllipt is widely used in the treatment of throat. By destroying bacteria and preventing their growth, its antimicrobial effect is achieved. This is an antiseptic based on an extract from eucalyptus leaves.

Used in 4 dosage forms:

1. oily chlorophyllipt;
2. alcoholic;
3. chlorophyllipt spray;
4. pills.

Chlorophyllipt actively destroys staphylococci - it can be treated even when there is resistance to various broad-spectrum antibiotics. Successfully treats sore throat, laryngitis, pharyngitis, acute respiratory infections.

To gargle, prepare a mixture of 1 tsp. alcohol solution (chlorophyllipt) and 100 ml of warm water.

Chlorophyllip sprays are very convenient to use. Sprays are especially convenient when you need to treat the throat of young children, and adults can easily use sprays at work (while traveling).

Treatment of pharyngitis with Bioparox

Bioparox has been successfully used for about 20 years.

Antimicrobial drug local application perfectly relieves inflammation and suppresses the activity of infectious agents.

Bioparox (aka fusafyungin) is an antibiotic that comes in the form of a spray. Sprays are dispensed in bottles of 400 doses (20 ml). In addition to the bottle, the box contains tips for the mouth and nose.

Bioparox eliminates inflammation of the mucous membranes respiratory tract, reduces tissue swelling and reduces mucus secretion. Penetrates deeply and quickly into the mucous membrane, allowing you to treat pharyngitis very effectively.

Bioparox sprays are distributed over the surface of the mucosa, causing only minor absorption into the blood. Thus, positive property of the drug is that it does not provide overall influence throughout the body, without damaging the natural intestinal microflora.

Lugol and furatsilin in the treatment of pharyngitis

A Lugol preparation containing molecular iodine, potassium iodide and water will help provide appropriate treatment. Treat pharyngitis with this remedy best result necessary together with glycerin, since its softening effect prevents the throat mucosa from drying out.

Furacilin is an antiseptic for local treatments. It destroys all pathogenic microorganisms, preventing their reproduction. Dosage forms means:

• tablets for dilution with water;
• sprays;
• liquid for local treatments (water or alcohol based);
• ointment.

To treat the throat, furatsilin is used as an aerosol or an aqueous solution.

Fighting pharyngitis with bee products

You can treat your throat using more than just pills, lozenges or antibiotics. Honey and propolis are perfect for these purposes.

Honey as medicine

Honey – excellent remedy for those with pharyngitis, helping with both acute and chronic forms. It is used for inhalation or application.

Honey is popular in folk medicine. So, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with a recipe that uses honey and garlic. You need to finely chop a clove of fresh garlic, add buckwheat honey to it and heat over low heat. After 20 minutes, the garlic will dissolve in the honey.

Add a little water to the resulting syrup, then strain. After cooling, the medicine is ready (drink in portions: 1 tablespoon every hour). This mixture will quickly relieve the symptoms of pharyngitis.

Pharyngitis is well treated by honey in combination with spruce buds. The collected kidneys need to be washed, boiled and strained. Then honey and propolis (extract) are added. The ratio of honey to kidney decoction is equal. Mix the mixture, heat it up and it is ready to use. You need to drink it 3 times a day, 1 tbsp. l. spoon.

How to be treated with propolis

Propolis has active influence on biological processes in tissues. It is a natural antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anesthetic substance. Treatment with propolis activates the body's recovery process.

Grind the propolis and place it in a glass of cold water (impurities will float to the surface, and the propolis will settle to the bottom). The precipitate must be separated and filled with 96% alcohol (for 30 g of propolis, take 100 ml of alcohol). It must be left for a week, shaking occasionally, and then filtered using a paper filter. Next, mix propolis (1 part of your extract) with 2 parts of peach oil or glycerin.

Chronic pharyngitis is treated as follows. The mucous membrane of the mouth and nose is freed from crusts and mucus, and then lubricated with a mixture of propolis once a day for about two weeks (1 application - 2-2.5 ml).

Propolis can be treated in another way. To do this, take alcohol solution(propolis 10%), dilute 40 drops of the product in a quarter glass of water and drop 5 drops into the nose, drawing it into the nasopharynx. Then gargle with the same amount of the mixture for a minute and swallow. The procedure must be repeated for a month, 3 times a day, half an hour before meals.

Treating pharyngitis with propolis using this method is more convenient than lubricating the throat and nose; in addition, the stomach is also healed. Please note that treatment is contraindicated for those who have allergic reactions to bee products. However, of the majority of remedies capable of restoring mucous membranes, the best is propolis.

Lizobakt will cure pharyngitis

Lizobact is a modern immunomodulator. Treatment of diseases accompanied by sore throat and cough is included in its range of action. These tablets compare favorably with antibiotics almost complete absence any contraindications, which is suitable for pregnant women and children.

Lysobact contains substances such as lysozyme and pyridoxine. Pyridoxine has a healing effect on the mucous membrane, and lysozyme is an enzyme with antimicrobial activity. When, during infection, lysozyme is poorly produced in the body, you need to use lysobact.

This is a long-term resorption drug; you cannot chew or swallow the tablets, otherwise the treatment will not be effective enough. Lozenges should be combined with antibiotic therapy or other antimicrobial agents, since lysobact will enhance their effect.

Lizobakt is suitable for treating the throat of patients with sluggish, long-term pharyngitis. Take 3-4 times a day, 2 tablets. For dry cough, it can be supplemented with other medications.

Pharyngitis - take Miramistin

Miramistin is a new antiseptic drug. It has a wide range of effects and is actively used to fight infections.
This is unique antiseptic perfect for individual prophylaxis large quantity infectious diseases.

Treatment with this drug has several advantages. So, miramistin:

• has a high antimicrobial effect;
• reduces microbial resistance to antibiotics;
• increases local immunity;
• has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect;
• miramistin does not damage viable skin cells and granulations;
• does not cause local irritation or allergies.

Miramistin has virtually no side effects. Thus, it is indispensable in a home medicine cabinet.

How to be treated with chlorhexidine

Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic and antibacterial agent that inhibits the growth of bacteria. It is also suitable for gargling with pharyngitis. There are many drugs based on chlorhexidine. Its dosage forms:

• pills;
• solutions;
• gels;
• sprays.

Chlorhexidine as a solution for adults when rinsing does not need to be diluted. Simply pour into a tablespoon and gargle for 30 seconds.

Chlorhexidine is prescribed by the doctor, specifying the number of rinses (usually 3 times a day). If you feel a burning sensation when gargling, it needs to be diluted.

Under no circumstances should you swallow chlorhexidine. If this happens, you need to drink a glass of water (you can drink activated carbon, since the drug is toxic to a certain extent). Chlorhexidine is used only locally.

Today there are also pleasant lozenges that help with pharyngitis. There are a lot of them and they are different (Sebidin, Faringosept, Strepsils, etc.). It is worth noting that lollipops have the desired effect only when mild form pharyngitis.

Pharyngitis is inflammation lymphoid tissue and pharyngeal mucosa. There are many methods of treating it, and below we will look at them in detail.

Treatment of pharyngitis requires a special approach, so all medications should be prescribed exclusively by a doctor. Both adults and children can get pharyngitis; when treating children, it is necessary to remember that some tablets and injections have an age limit. This article will discuss what medications exist to treat this common disease.

Types of medications

Modern medicine has a large arsenal of tools that can cure pharyngitis:

• antibacterial drugs of local and general action;
• antiviral agents;
• antiseptics - sucking lozenges, sprays, lozenges;
• expectorants - syrups, eucalyptus lozenges, expectorant tablets;
• drops in the nose to narrow blood vessels;
• anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs;
• antihistamines;
• immunomodulators.

Pharyngitis can be cured without antibiotics only with early stage diseases. Antibiotics are prescribed to prevent bacterial infection.

For this there are the following indications:

• bacterial tonsillitis;
• danger of developing bronchitis or pneumonia;
• complication in the form of purulent otitis;
• the infection has spread to the sinuses;
• low-grade fever persists for a week;
• fever that does not go away for 2 days;
• severe and complicated course of pharyngitis.

Antiviral drugs are used if pharyngitis is caused by a viral infection.

For viral pharyngitis, the use of antibiotics is absolutely ineffective!

Antiseptics are prescribed for irrigation and treatment of the throat; antipyretics are recommended to be taken at temperatures above 38ºC.

As for antihistamines, they are prescribed to relieve swelling of the throat and as a preventive measure for the development of laryngitis.

Antibacterial drugs

For pharyngitis, systemic and local antibacterial agents are prescribed. Local remedies include aerosols and other throat medications that are used for treatment and irrigation. Systemic antibiotics can be taken orally or administered by injection.

The effect of antibiotics for pharyngitis is aimed at preventing the spread of infection throughout the body. However, you need to choose them correctly. Successful treatment pharyngitis depends on how optimally the antibiotic is absorbed into the blood. Therefore, independent prescription of this group of drugs is unacceptable.

There are contraindications for the use of antibiotics:

• individual intolerance to all drugs or a specific group;
• pregnancy (especially 1st trimester);
• lactation period (if it is necessary to take antibiotics, while taking them breast-feeding must be stopped);
• renal or liver failure.

All antibacterial products have their own specific contraindications, so you should carefully read the package insert before use.

In addition, you need to understand that antibiotics can cause certain side effects:

• allergic reactions;
• dyspeptic symptoms;
• fever;
• the occurrence of fungal infections;
• joint pain;
• when using topical antibiotics (for example, sprays), redness of the mucous membrane, suffocation, and laryngeal spasm may develop.

For acute pharyngitis, medications are prescribed penicillin series, sometimes cephalosporins are recommended - Cefazolin, Ceftriaxone. If patients are allergic to this group, then macrolides are prescribed - Azithromycin, Erythromycin, and Lincomycin is also quite widely used. At chronic course antibiotics are usually not prescribed until the disease has worsened.

The dosage of drugs and the course of treatment are determined by the doctor depending on the form and severity of the disease.

Find out how not to harm your body by taking antibiotics.

Antiviral drugs

If the nature of pharyngitis is viral, then drug treatment will differ from treatment bacterial form diseases. The most commonly prescribed drugs are:

1. Arbidol. This drug is used to treat diseases caused by a viral infection. It is advisable to take it in the first two days after the onset of symptoms.
2. Neovir. It not only has an antiviral effect on the body, but also enhances protective reactions.
3. Isoprinosine. It is an immunomodulator and antiviral drug. It is not advisable to prescribe it to children whose weight is less than 15 kg.

Homeopathy also has in its arsenal drugs that can enhance protective forces body and have an antiviral effect. Homeopathic medicines with antiviral effect:

• Anaferon - suckable tablets;
• Tonsilotren is a pleasant-tasting lozenge that is not recommended for children under 2 years of age.

Aids

Sprays and preparations for irrigating the throat are auxiliary. By the best means the following are considered:

1. Lugol. The effectiveness of this drug has been tested for years. Not so long ago it was produced only in solution, and was used to smear the throat. Now, for convenience, Lugol is produced in the form of a spray.
2. Inhalipt. This is also an “experienced” medicine. Inhalipt is the first spray that appeared on the domestic market.
3. Hexoral. This is a drug broad action- in addition to the antimicrobial effect, it has an antifungal effect.
4. Theraflu is a remedy that is used if you need to relieve severe sore throat.

In addition to sprays, auxiliary drugs are nasal drops (used for nasopharyngitis). Most often prescribed oil drops- Pinosol, Pinovit.

Lozenges, lozenges, lozenges

Lollipops and lozenges are very convenient to use, they have a local effect and have good taste. Most often prescribed:

• Faringosept;
• Imudon;
• Grammidin;
• Septolete;
• Lysobacter.

Even such seemingly safe remedies for pharyngitis should be prescribed by a doctor, since lollipops also have certain contraindications and age restrictions.

The effectiveness of drugs compared to traditional medicine

Despite the fact that the funds traditional medicine are actively used to treat pharyngitis, they cannot be the main treatment. The fact is that pharyngitis is provoked by a bacterial or viral infection, which is difficult to treat with folk remedies.

Traditional medicine recipes in the case of pharyngitis can only be an addition to traditional treatment. Decoctions of medicinal plants can be used to gargle, rinse the nose, and increase immunity, but at the same time antibacterial or antiviral agents must fight pathogenic flora.

Features of the use of drugs during pregnancy and lactation

Before you begin to treat pharyngitis during pregnancy, you must consult a doctor and follow all his recommendations exactly.

You can also use medicinal herbs only with the permission of a doctor, since some of them can increase uterine tone.

From medications may be assigned:

• gargling preparations - Chlorophyllipt, Furacilin;
• antipyretics - Paracetamol;
• sucking lozenges - Strepsils, Faringosept;
• according to strict indications, antibiotics can be prescribed - Bioparox.

To alleviate the condition, you must follow the following rules:

• maintain bed rest;
• exclude salty, spicy and sour foods;
• eat and drink everything warm (not hot!);
• drink plenty of fluids;
• maintain vocal rest;
• Do not allow the air in the room to dry out.

It is advisable to avoid foods and drinks containing sugar, as this is the optimal breeding ground for pathogenic microorganisms.

As for the treatment of pharyngitis during the lactation period, some medications should be abandoned immediately. For example, milk with honey can be taken only when you are sure that the baby is not allergic to bee products. Sprays and lozenges should also be excluded, as they can provoke an allergic reaction in the child.

The following are considered relatively safe:

• Inhalipt spray;
• Lizobact lozenges;
• Furacilin gargling tablets.

As for antibiotics, if there is a special need for them, breastfeeding should be discontinued during treatment.

Features of the use of drugs in children

The treatment of pharyngitis in children must be approached with all responsibility. Only a competent specialist can prescribe medications and dosage, based on the child’s age and the severity of the disease.

To gargle you can use:

• Furacilin;
• Rotokan;
• Romazulan;
• potassium permanganate;
• alcohol solution of calendula.

Antibiotics for internal use are prescribed for special indications - Ampicillin, for local treatment- Biseptol, Bioparox.

Dr. Komarovsky explains how rinsing is beneficial for children.

Among the sprays, children are often prescribed Ingalipt, Yox, Kameton, Propasol. If there are pustular formations, treatment is carried out with Lugol or Protargol. As for lollipops, children are prescribed Angiset, Faringosept, Imudon, Neo-Angin. If pharyngitis is caused by a fungal infection, then from 3 years of age it is possible to use Miramistin in the form of a spray.

As can be seen from all of the above, there are many medicines against pharyngitis. And before starting therapy in any case, you will need to consult a doctor. Self-medication is not acceptable.

Pharyngitis is an inflammatory process in the pharyngeal mucosa, which is accompanied by unpleasant sensations in the form of a sore throat and discomfort when swallowing.

Table of contents:

There are three sections of the pharynx - the lower, called the laryngopharynx, the middle (oropharynx), and the uppermost (the so-called nasopharynx). Certain manifestations and types of pharyngitis depend on the location of the inflammation. However, if the disease begins with acute period, then it is difficult to make a specific division of symptoms, since all three departments are affected almost simultaneously.

The infection (regardless of its nature - viral or bacterial) is migratory in nature, but more often it is descending: it descends from the nasopharynx to the hypopharynx. This process is clearly visible in morphological changes mucous membrane, so an otolaryngologist with a high degree of probability can determine the current localization of inflammation.

There are two main types of pharyngitis - acute and chronic.

Acute pharyngitis

In the acute form, the disease develops rapidly. It is provoked by infection, as well as contributing factors: smoking, exposure to cold, irritation of the throat, drinking alcohol. You can also observe acute pharyngitis as a concomitant disease with various respiratory infectious diseases or gastrointestinal disorders.

The most common etiology is viral acute pharyngitis. About a third of all cases are caused by a bacterial infection. The patient's pharynx swells in one or two areas, infiltration of the mucous membrane occurs, and desquamation of the epithelium occurs. It is important to prevent complications of the process, since inflammation can spread to the auditory tubes.

Swelling of the follicles of the posterior wall of the pharynx and their drainage provoke granulosa pharyngitis, a type of acute disease. Except viral or bacterial pathogen, pharyngitis can also provoke fungal infection of the mucous membrane. In this case, fungal pharyngitis develops. Cases of allergic pharyngitis have also been described, a condition in which an allergic reaction takes the form of inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa.

As a result of damage to the mucous membrane in any part of the throat, traumatic pharyngitis can develop. The inflammatory process is a response to prolonged or severe one-time mechanical irritation of the upper layer of the epithelium. This could be surgery or it could be in the throat. foreign body.

A form of pharyngitis in which acute inflammation develops into constant process, is called chronic.

Chronic pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis, in turn, is divided into hypertrophic, atrophic and catarrhal.

In this case:

1. Hypertrophic pharyngitis is accompanied by a change in all layers of the pharyngeal mucosa; it thickens, increasing the amount of epithelium. Dense mucosa, on which the blood and lymph vessels are dilated, is the main sign of hypertrophy in pharyngitis. Also during this process, expansion of lymphoid formations is observed, neighboring lymph granules merge with each other, and hypersecretion appears. All this occurs on the back or side walls of the pharynx.
2. Atrophic form, on the contrary, means thinning of the mucous membrane. It is dry and the glands become smaller.
3. Catarrhal pharyngitis characterized by diffuse venous hyperemia. At the same time, stasis of small-caliber veins, perivascular infiltration and pastosity of the pharyngeal mucosa can occur.

The main causes and factors of pharyngitis

The main reasons for the development of pharyngitis are considered to be prolonged inhalation of cold air (in severe frost), irritation of the pharynx chemicals(for example, alcohol when drinking alcohol), air pollution.

The infectious etiology of the disease is observed when the body is damaged by viruses, bacteria (microbes) and fungi.

Also considered contributing factors are:

• smoking;
• violation of nasal breathing;
• unfavorable climate;
• poor environment;
• gastrointestinal diseases;
• dental problems;
• alcohol abuse;
• hormonal imbalances;
• eating very cold or too hot food.

The chronic form of the disease occurs when improper treatment acute stage, and also when the true cause of pharyngitis has not been established.

Provokes chronic disease prolonged irritation of the throat. May occur repeated inflammations or expansion of process localization. The most obvious cause of this type of pharyngitis is various infectious diseases, occurring in a chronic form, for example, tuberculosis.

Signs and symptoms of pharyngitis

Most pronounced symptom In acute pharyngitis, pain when swallowing is considered. This is especially felt when the throat is empty, when the dryness irritates the mucous membrane. There may also be an increase in temperature, general weakness, soreness. Sometimes discomfort can spread to the ear area.

Important: the symptoms of pharyngitis are very similar to other serious infectious diseases, so it is important to establish the etiology of the disease in time, excluding , , .

In its chronic form, pharyngitis manifests itself as a lump in the throat, when there is often a desire to clear the larynx and cough. All this may be accompanied by malaise, and body temperature often rises. Among important symptoms– cough, he always has typical signs: dryness, tearing, special emphasis on the throat area. A person is forced to constantly swallow mucus that forms on the back wall of the larynx. This causes a lot of inconvenience, the quality of life and sleep is disrupted, irritability and nervousness appear.

Please note: chronic pharyngitis rarely occurs as an independent disease. Basically this is just a consequence of more serious problems, for example, with the gastrointestinal tract.

It is necessary to examine the body for diseases such as pancreatitis and. If they are detected, then until complete recovery it is vain to fight chronic pharyngitis. Its symptoms will persist as long as the affected area exists in the body.

The most obvious complication of acute pharyngitis is its progression to a chronic form. This is possible with ineffective treatment or no treatment at all.

The list of complications also includes such diseases:

Diagnostics

To diagnose pharyngitis in a timely manner, you need to visit an otolaryngologist (ENT). He examines the patient’s pharynx, assesses the condition of the mucous membrane and oral cavity. You may also need a pharyngoscopy or a referral for a microbiological analysis, a blood test for antibodies to streptococcal bacteria.

When diagnosing pharyngitis, it is imperative to exclude acute tonsillitis, since the symptoms of these two diseases are very similar.

Treatment of pharyngitis

If the disease is local in nature, without significantly affecting general well-being for the patient, symptomatic therapy is sufficient. It includes a diet, warm compresses on the neck and legs, drinking milk, steam inhalation, gargling and irrigating the throat.

Please note: uncomplicated pharyngitis in adults and children does not require .

Actively used antimicrobial agents in the form of lozenges, lozenges, insufflations, solutions for inhalation and rinsing.

Medicines and preparations for the treatment of pharyngitis

The most commonly used tablets, lozenges and lozenges are “Neo-angin”, “Septolete”, “Strepsils”, “Hexaliz”, “Faringosept”. Iodine-containing drugs are also prescribed: “Iodinol”, “Vocadine”, “Yox”. Sulfonamides are also effective: Ingalipt, Bikarmint.

For cases of advanced pharyngitis, antibiotics are needed, for example, from a number of natural or synthetic penicillins, as well as cephalosporins. The latter are used if pharyngitis is quite advanced, has caused complications and significantly affects the patient’s condition.

Tetracycline antibiotics are rarely used today, but they can be prescribed if the body is resistant to other types of antibacterial drugs.

A relatively new medicine, Imudon, is a polyvalent complex with lysates of fungi and bacteria that cause acute bacterial pharyngitis. For gargling, Hexoral is used, which has an antimicrobial and analgesic effect, which significantly reduces the degree of discomfort when swallowing.

Treatment of pharyngitis with folk remedies

At home, you can prepare herbal infusions and rinses based on traditional medicine recipes. This treatment of pharyngitis will alleviate the patient’s condition and enhance the effect of traditional medications. All medications used should be previously discussed and agreed upon with your doctor.

Here are a few recipes that can be used to relieve symptoms of pharyngitis:

Diet

If you have symptoms of pharyngitis and during treatment of the disease, you should monitor the temperature of food. It shouldn't be hot or cold. It is also important to avoid hard foods that can mechanically irritate the pharynx. Food must be chewed thoroughly, because during a long stay in the mouth it will acquire a normal temperature and consistency for the body.

It is important to enrich the diet with foods containing calcium, magnesium, iodine, zinc.

Features of the course of the disease and treatment of pharyngitis in children

In young patients, pharyngitis is more complicated because its diagnosis is difficult. Often the symptoms of an inflammatory process in the pharynx are accompanied by a runny nose, wheezing, dry painful cough. Pharyngitis in children can often be confused with other diseases, such as bronchial asthma. It is very important to carry out correct and timely differential diagnosis.

Important: When treating the disease, it is worth taking into account the characteristics of the body up to 2 years of age. Such children should not be prescribed throat irrigation with a spray. This can lead to spasm, which, in turn, sometimes causes respiratory arrest.

Features of pharyngitis in pregnant women

Since the treatment of pharyngitis is predominantly local, that is, drugs that are not absorbed into the bloodstream are used, special instructions There is no treatment for pregnant women.

However, it is worth knowing that pharyngitis during pregnancy may require antibacterial therapy, which is contraindicated during this period. In this case, the appropriateness of using antibiotics is determined by the doctor, correlating the benefits and effects of taking the drugs with the potential risk for the mother and fetus.

Prevention

In order to prevent the body, you should take care of your immunity. You need to regularly consume vitamins and vitamin-containing vegetables and fruits, propolis preparations, and beekeeping products.

It is useful to be near the sea and breathe iodine vapor. It never hurts to carry out gentle hardening. However, it must be started strictly in the warm season.

Trofimova Yaroslava, medical observer

Pharyngitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the mucous and lymphoid tissue of the posterior pharyngeal wall. Factors in the development of the disease can be bacterial or viral infections, exposure to irritants or allergens, etc. Characteristic symptoms are cough, as well as soreness, pain and a feeling of a lump in the throat, and fever. Treatment is symptomatic and etiological.

Symptoms of pharyngitis in adults

This diagnosis implies inflammation of the middle part of the pharynx, but often, especially at the acute stage, the upper and lower parts are involved in the pathological process. In addition, the tonsils () may also become inflamed. When transitioning to a chronic form, the focus is usually clearly localized. The presence and severity of certain signs of the inflammatory process depend on the form and stage of the disease.

Acute pharyngitis

There may be several causes of pharyngitis in adults. It develops most often under the influence of aggressive external factors(inhalation of polluted or too cold air, smoking) or as a result of tissue infection by bacteria and viruses. The acute stage of the disease is characterized by a diffuse course, involving all three parts of the pharynx and characteristic symptoms:

• dryness, burning and sore throat, causing dry cough with pharyngitis;
• the mucous membrane is hyperemic, in places covered with purulent plaque, the palatine arches and uvula are swollen;
• swallowing is accompanied painful sensations, especially with the so-called “empty throat”;
• enlargement of lymph nodes (cervical and submandibular) and their soreness;
• nasal congestion and rhinitis (with inflammation upper section pharynx).

Photo of the throat of a patient with pharyngitis

The general condition practically does not worsen; the temperature with pharyngitis in adults does not increase or is within subfebrile values.

Chronic pharyngitis

If pharyngitis becomes chronic, then the symptoms at the exacerbation stage depend on the specific form of the disease:

• Catarrhal. The thickened and hyperemic mucosa is covered with viscous discharge. Patients complain of rawness and sore throat and often clear their throat. Pain when swallowing is moderate.
• Hypertrophic. In addition to redness and swelling of the mucous membranes, proliferation of lymphoid tissue is observed. The cough with pharyngitis of this type is expectorant, worsening in the morning until vomiting due to the accumulation of mucus in the throat. The pain is moderate.
• Atrophic. The mucous membranes are dry and shiny (“lacquered”), pale, covered in places with crusts and mucus. The patient is bothered by a dry cough, soreness and burning sensation in the throat.

There is usually no significant deterioration in the general condition, but constant discomfort, nasal congestion and cough with pharyngitis lead to irritability, lack of sleep and decreased quality of life.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis is made by an otolaryngologist after interviewing and examining the patient based on subjective complaints and pharyngoscopy data. Laboratory research throat swabs are prescribed when it is necessary to identify a specific pathogen infectious variety pharyngitis (virological or bacterial analysis). In addition, if gastroesophageal reflux is suspected as the cause of the disease, consultation with a gastroenterologist is indicated.

Treatment of pharyngitis in adults - drugs, inhalations, folk remedies

Upper respiratory tract diseases require integrated approach to treatment. First of all, the cause (for example, smoking or infection) is identified and eliminated. Symptomatic therapy is carried out to alleviate the condition, get rid of cough and relieve swelling. If the disease is the result of infection with viruses or bacteria, a course of appropriate medications is prescribed. Inhalations for pharyngitis and some proven folk remedies used at home are also useful.

Drug therapy

To treat bacterial and viral pharyngitis, systemic and local agents are used: antibiotics, antiseptics, mucolytics, anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs. If the disease is of allergic origin, antihistamine medications are indicated. Medicines are prescribed in the form of tablets, aerosols, lozenges, lozenges, and gargles for pharyngitis.

Systemic drugs

If the inflammation is of a bacterial nature, antibiotics include macrolides, penicillins and cephalosporins. In the form of tablets, suspensions and capsules for oral use, and others are shown. In case of severe course and complications (tonsillitis, laryngitis, etc.) - injection drugs,. Mucolytics such as ACC are also used to thin the sputum, as well as antiviral (for viral pharyngitis) and immunostimulating agents.

Sprays

They are used topically, irrigate the throat well, and contain antiseptic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory components. The most effective sprays for pharyngitis:

• Tantum Verde
• Hexoral
• Kameton

Another effective drug, which was previously used only to lubricate the throat, is now available in aerosol form. Lugol's spray for pharyngitis helps to quickly cope with painful symptoms and get rid of the infection.

Lozenges

Like sprays, they contain various antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory components, anesthetics, and local immunostimulants. Additional therapeutic effect It turns out due to hypersalivation during the resorption process: a large amount of saliva washes away pathogenic microflora from the mucous membranes. Recommended drugs: Trachisan, Lizobact, Gramicidin, Imudon.

Rinse

Very often solutions such as Chlorhexidine, Rotocan, Chlorophyllipt, Furacilin are prescribed for pharyngitis. They have antiseptic properties and cope well with pathogenic microflora. Some are sold ready-made, while others must first be diluted with water or the dry drug dissolved in water (for example, Furacilin tablets).

Inhalations

This physiotherapeutic procedure provides an excellent therapeutic effect for respiratory diseases. Inhalation of fine particles of liquid and medicines, especially if inhalations are made for pharyngitis through a nebulizer, helps to moisturize the mucous membrane, destroy pathogenic microflora, dilute sputum, relieve swelling and inflammation.

You can do regular ones steam inhalations with decoctions of medicinal plants, as well as use essential oils and special drugs. The effect of such procedures occurs very quickly, and the method is also suitable for those who cannot take certain medications. For example, pregnant women require the safest possible treatment methods. However, prior consultation with a doctor is necessary.

How to treat pharyngitis during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Women during periods of bearing and breastfeeding need to especially carefully monitor their health, avoiding infections. In case of illness, a careful and thoughtful approach to treatment is also necessary, since all substances from the mother’s body are transferred to the baby. Therefore, therapy for inflammation of the pharynx in pregnant women is carried out using the safest methods and drugs:

• Frequent rinses. What to gargle with pharyngitis during pregnancy: saline or furatsilin solutions (up to once in the first few days).
• Irrigation with antiseptic sprays such as Miramistin, Chlorhexidine, Tantum Verde every 6 hours.
• Resorption of Lizobact tablets or three times a day (these drugs are allowed for pregnant women at any stage).
• Steam inhalations or through a nebulizer (with mineral water, saline, acetylcysteine).

If pharyngitis during pregnancy is not treated promptly, the bacteria or viruses that cause it can negatively affect the fetus and the course of pregnancy (spontaneous abortions, fetal hypoxia, underdevelopment of organs, premature birth, etc.).

How to treat pharyngitis with folk remedies

Treatment with non-traditional methods, previously agreed upon with a doctor, can significantly speed up recovery. The following folk remedies are safe and give a good therapeutic effect:

• Herbal infusion of chamomile, sage and mint, taken in equal parts. One spoon of this mixture should be poured with a glass of boiling water, left for at least 20 minutes, and after straining, gargle. A collection of sweet clover, flax seeds, calamus rhizomes and chamomile flowers, prepared in a similar way, also helps.
• For the atrophic form of pharyngitis, regular (3-4 times a day) instillation is recommended olive oil 1-2 drops into the nose. This procedure helps soften the mucous membrane and moisturize it.
• Steam inhalations will help eliminate dryness, ease mucus discharge and cope with cough. Potato, soda, and oak or eucalyptus infusions are especially useful.

If you are not allergic, you should pay attention to recipes for treating pharyngitis with honey. You can simply eat this product, add it to milk, tea or herbal infusions, make medicinal mixtures. It is also recommended to make honey rinses and applications, which perfectly disinfect and moisturize the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx.

How to quickly cure pharyngitis at home

Inflammation of the larynx is treated on an outpatient basis, and if medical recommendations are followed, it goes away quickly. Application antimicrobial agents helps to cope with the cause of the disease, and symptomatic therapy alleviates the condition of pharyngitis. However, recovery may be delayed if a few simple conditions are not followed.

Treatment of pharyngitis at home will give results faster if:

• stay at home during the first days, especially in cold weather;
• ensure vocal peace by communicating as little as possible;
• follow a diet rich in vitamins and consisting mainly of soft and warm food;
• drink plenty of liquid that does not irritate the pharyngeal mucosa;
• exclude harmful effects in the form of smoking and alcoholic beverages.

How to restore the throat mucosa after pharyngitis

Prolonged swelling or dryness, the impact of pathogenic microorganisms and their metabolic products on the mucous membranes lead to disruption of their structure and functions. This manifests itself, first of all, as unpleasant sensations and pain (especially after atrophic pharyngitis). The doctor will tell you how to restore the mucous membrane, but most often they recommend lozenges Imudon or Lizobact, Yox spray with allantoin.

From traditional methods lubrication is most effective sea ​​buckthorn oil with pharyngitis. Regular treatment of the pharynx with tampons with this product prevents dryness, heals microtraumas, and softens the mucous membrane. Moisturizing inhalations and rinsing with propolis solution are also useful.

Consequences and forecasts

In most cases, with adequate and timely treatment, pharyngitis goes away quickly and without consequences. However, in some cases, a transition to a chronic form with periodic exacerbations is possible. Lack of treatment is also fraught with complications, including such dangerous ones as rheumatoid arthritis and endocarditis (with streptococcal pharyngitis and tonsillitis).

Prevention

To avoid getting pharyngitis, adults should eliminate factors potentially dangerous to the respiratory system: hypothermia, smoking, alcohol. Also required healthy image life, physical activity, good nutrition. In the off-season, when outbreaks of viral colds are observed, the immune system should be supported with vitamins and large gatherings of people should be avoided whenever possible.

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Treatment of pharyngitis with folk remedies is quite effective. But it is better to visit a specialist first. Speedy recovery of a sore throat guarantees correct positioning diagnosis, determination of the causes of the disease and implementation of all recommendations.

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Sore throat often occurs as a result of pharyngitis, which, without appropriate and timely treatment, quickly becomes chronic. The danger of the disease also lies in the development of serious complications.

There are many methods for treating pharyngitis - irrigating the throat with a spray, gargling, inhalation, antibacterial therapy, and internal medication.

The main causes of pharyngitis

Pharyngitis is an inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa

Pharyngitis often occurs due to hypothermia or overheating of the throat. This occurs mainly as a result of mouth breathing, as well as eating foods that are too cold or hot.

Pharyngitis is caused by bacterial and viral infections. In most cases, the causative agent of the disease is considered to be streptococci, staphylococci, pneumococci, and viruses include rhinovirus, adenovirus, and influenza virus. Provoke this pathology sometimes it can be a fungus.

The disease can be caused by the following reasons:

• Weakened immune system.
• Dry throat due to a tense voice for a long time.
• Dental diseases.
• Chronic otolaryngological diseases.
• Deviation of the nasal septum.
• Poor posture.
• Pathological processes of the digestive organs.
• Malfunctions of the hormonal system.

Sometimes allergic reactions influence the occurrence of pharyngitis. Due to these reasons, in most cases there is acute course pharyngitis. If it is not treated in a timely manner or the treatment tactics are chosen incorrectly, the disease can become chronic.

Factors that provoke the development of the disease include:

• Unfavorable climate for the patient.
• Tobacco smoking.
• Frequent consumption of alcoholic beverages.
• Environmental factor.

Rarely, pharyngitis occurs as a result surgical intervention or foreign objects getting into the throat.

In order to pick up the right tactics treatment, the specialist needs to establish the underlying cause of the disease. For example, to cure pharyngitis caused by pathogenic bacteria, antibiotics are necessary.

Symptoms of the disease

Sore throat, red tonsils, dry cough and fever - possible signs pharyngitis

The main symptom of pharyngitis is considered to be a sore throat, especially noticeable in the morning after sleep. In addition, the pronounced signs of the pathological condition are as follows:

• Headache.
• High temperature.
• Dryness and sore throat.
• General fatigue.
• Redness of the tonsils with a white coating.
• Swelling of the throat mucosa.
• Nausea or vomiting.
• Enlarged lymph nodes in the neck.
• Cough without sputum production.
• Feeling of a lump in the throat.
• Pain when swallowing.
• There is a gray coating on the tongue.

Sometimes when weak vessels in the oropharynx, which are damaged during coughing, blood may be present in the sputum or saliva. In addition, with pharyngitis, the patient feels as if swallowing relieves a sore throat. The disease may also be accompanied by muscle pain and runny nose.

To diagnose pharyngitis, in addition to examination by a specialist, sometimes a throat smear may also be required.

It is important to note that the signs of the disease may differ depending on the two forms of pharyngitis: acute and chronic. When pharyngitis occurs in an acute form, the symptoms are more pronounced, and the patient feels significant discomfort. Chronic pharyngitis is characterized by minimal clinical signs.

You can also determine the type of pharyngitis based on the symptoms of the disease:

• Hyperemia of the throat mucosa indicates catarrhal pharyngitis.
• Enlarged lymph nodes may indicate a hypertrophic type of disease.
• With atrophic pharyngitis, the mucous membrane becomes thinner due to a prolonged inflammatory process.
• Pharyngitis, caused by inhalation of allergens, is accompanied by a dry cough, hyperemia of the back of the pharynx, swelling of the mucous membrane, and sore throat.

If you notice the above symptoms, you should consult a specialist for accurate diagnosis a disease that can be confused with tonsillitis or laryngitis. After the examination, the doctor will prescribe the necessary therapy.

Drug treatment

Treatment of pharyngitis should be carried out with an integrated approach

At acute illness which resulted from a bacterial infection, in mandatory antibacterial therapy is prescribed.

These can be antibiotics of the following groups:

• Penicillin group. Such drugs effectively act on staphylococci. They contain clavulanic acid and amoxicillin. Augmentin, Trimafox, Flemoxin, Flemoclav, Amoxicillin, Ecoclave are considered popular in the treatment of pharyngitis.
• Macrolides. Such drugs are often used because they have the property of quickly penetrating into infectious focus, effective against many pathogenic bacteria. In addition, they are used for penicillin intolerance. The macrolide group includes Azithromycin, Erythromycin, Zitrolide, Sumamed, Spiramycin.
• Cephalosporin series. By effective means are Cefraxone, Suprax, Cephabol, Zinnat, Cephalexin, Cefuroxime. They are used for advanced pharyngitis and the development of complications.
• Tetracycline group. Prescribed in rare cases when microorganisms are resistant to antibiotics of other groups. These drugs are not recommended for use in the treatment of pharyngitis in children.
• Sometimes topical antibacterial agents may be prescribed. These are drugs such as Fusofungin or Bioparox.

When taking antibiotics, you must not forget about preventing dysbiosis, which develops from antibacterial therapy. To do this, take probiotics - Lactobacterin, Linex, Bifiform.

For viral pharyngitis, it is necessary to take antiviral drugs, for example, Anaferon, Neovir, Arbidol, Isoprinosine.

Modern and effective drug Imudon is considered to be used for the treatment of pharyngitis.

Only a doctor can prescribe the correct treatment for pharyngitis, depending on the cause of its occurrence.

To eliminate discomfort and pain in the throat, you can use the following tablets:

• Falimint
• Strepsils
• Grammidin
• Lysobacter
• Faringosept
• Hexoral Tabs
• Sebidin
• Septolete
• Neo-angin
• Drugs containing iodine may be prescribed: Yox, Vocadin, Iodinol

An integral method of treating pharyngitis is gargling. Medicinal solutions of Furacilin, Miramistin, Chlorhexidine or Chlorophyllipt are excellent for the procedure.

Sprays will help relieve inflammation and reduce pain:

• Inhalipt
• Hexoral
• Hexasprey
• Kameton
• Orasept
• Tantum Verde

For coughs that accompany pharyngitis, it is recommended to use syrups that help thin the sputum. Many of them contain extracts of medicinal plants: Gedelix, Alteyka, Doctor Mom, Gerbion, Linkas. These syrups are especially suitable for the treatment of pharyngitis in children. You can drink syrups based on ambroxol and acetylcysteine.

For an illness that occurs as a result of allergens entering the body, antihistamines are prescribed: Cetrin, Tavegil, Claritin, Suprastin, Loratadine. They help relieve swelling and redness of the throat.

You can learn more about how to treat pharyngitis at home from the video:

To reduce sore throat and high temperature, you can take painkillers such as Analgin, Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen, Paracetamol.

To improve immunity, it is necessary to consume vitamin-mineral complexes containing B vitamins and ascorbic acid. Immunomodulators are also prescribed, for example, Viferon.

Traditional medicine for illness

The best folk recipes for treating pharyngitis at home

As an auxiliary method of treating pharyngitis, decoctions of medicinal herbs are used to gargle.

Effective means in this regard are the following fees:

• Black elderberry flowers, speedwell and mint.
• Birch leaves and oak bark.
• Calamus bark and chamomile.
• Horsetail, raspberry (leaves), immortelle.

Plants are taken in equal proportions. The collection (a tablespoon) is brewed in one glass of boiling water. Leave to sit for about two hours. The throat should be gargled with warm broth. You can also perform the procedure with decoctions of chamomile, eucalyptus, mint, calendula, and elm bark, both individually and in collections.

For the procedure, you can use fresh, but diluted with water, juices of white cabbage or beets. An effective, affordable and safe solution for rinsing is table solution, but better than sea salt. Gargling will help reduce pain and discomfort in the throat.

The popular method is inhalation.

Inhalation based on honey is effective. This beekeeping product can also be used for applications. The following remedies can be used for pharyngitis:

• Honey syrup with garlic.
• Pine buds in honey.

Folk remedies are considered very effective. However, they are only auxiliary methods treatments and their use must be agreed with a specialist.

Inhalation using a nebulizer

Inhalation with a nebulizer for pharyngitis is one of the best methods treatment of the disease

The inhalation procedure can be significantly simplified and the therapeutic effect of this method can be increased using a special device – a nebulizer.

On pharmaceutical market There are several types of such devices. It’s quite easy to use – just pour it into the nebulizer tank medicinal solution and, using a mask, breathe in healing vapors for about 15 minutes. It is important to note that the nebulizer is indispensable in the treatment of otolaryngological and colds in children and pregnant women.

Infusions of medicinal herbs that have anti-inflammatory, bactericidal and analgesic effects are suitable for inhalation for pharyngitis:

• Calendula
• Chamomile
• Sage
• Eucalyptus

For the inhalation method of treatment, the following essential oils can be used to help moisturize the pharyngeal mucosa and reduce the reproduction and growth of pathogenic microorganisms:

• Peach
• Pink
• Olive
• Mint
• Eucalyptus
• Sage

When coughing, medicinal solutions can be used for inhalation - Fluimucil, Acetylcysteine.

Useful tips: what not to do and what to do if you are sick

For pharyngitis, you must follow certain rules so that recovery occurs faster.

Experts strongly recommend ensuring that the patient is properly hydrated. This is necessary in order to prevent dehydration and moisturize the throat, which helps reduce pain in it. In addition, warm liquid significantly soothes an irritated throat. Suitable drinks include water, green tea with honey, fruit drinks, and compotes.

A patient with pharyngitis is not recommended to eat spicy, sour, salty, or pickled foods. It is advisable to include soft food in your diet that will not irritate the mucous membrane of the throat. You should also avoid drinking and eating with temperature changes.

It is important to remember that smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages is also unacceptable if you are ill.

Patients whose pharyngitis is caused by a bacterial infection should follow the rules of personal hygiene in order not to get sick again and to prevent the spread of the disease.

Possible complications of pharyngitis

To avoid complications of the disease, it is necessary to start treating pharyngitis on time.

Among the possible undesirable consequences Pharyngitis is distinguished by the following diseases:

• Kidney failure.
• Scarlet fever.
• Abscess is retropharyngeal or peritonsillar.
• Rheumatism, which affects the joints, heart muscles, and nervous system.
• Laryngitis.
• Inflammatory processes inner ear or auditory tube.
• Chronic bronchitis.
• Sialadenitis.
• Cervical lymphadenitis.

A complication of acute pharyngitis is also the transition of the pathological condition into a chronic form.

Prevention measures

To prevent the development of pharyngitis, you should adhere to the following preventive rules:

1. Avoid hypothermia of the body.
2. Strengthen the immune system by stabbing the body.
3. Eat fresh fruits and vegetables more often.
4. Add beekeeping products to your diet.
5. Avoid temperature changes in food.
6. Limit consumption of salty, spicy and sour foods.
7. Stop drinking alcoholic beverages and smoking.
8. Avoid inhaling hot fumes and contaminated air.

Iodine vapor and sea air help prevent pharyngitis. Therefore, in the summer it is advisable to arrange a trip to the sea. If this is not possible, then you can periodically for preventive purposes do inhalations with sea ​​salt with the addition of iodine.

If you follow these preventive measures, you can reduce the risk of developing pharyngitis several times.

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Pharyngitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the pharynx, occurring in acute or chronic form. An acute inflammatory process is accompanied by sore throat, discomfort and sore throat. Pharyngitis must be treated from the moment the first symptoms of the disease appear, otherwise the disease may become chronic or progress to neighboring organs respiratory tract.

Briefly about the reasons

The main causes of pharyngitis are:

• infectious inflammation (bacterial, viral, fungal);
• inhaling too cold or hot air;
• exposure to chemical irritants (dust, gas, tobacco smoke etc.);
• allergy;
• spread of infection from primary focus inflammation (incompletely cured sinusitis, rhinitis, caries);
• allergy;
• tension of the vocal cords due to professional activities;
• work in hazardous production conditions (chemical, metallurgical and other industries).

Acute pharyngitis in most cases is of infectious origin. Chronic inflammation usually develops against the background frequent colds, long-term exposure on the throat of irritating substances, as a result of untimely and/or illiterate treatment acute form diseases.

Drug treatment

The main symptoms of the disease are a feeling of dryness and soreness in the throat, pain that increases when swallowing, and coughing. These manifestations of the disease significantly worsen the patient’s quality of life and interfere with drinking, eating, and talking.

Treatment of pharyngitis is carried out at home, but in some situations emergency treatment is required. medical assistance. You need to see a doctor urgently if:

• inflammation is accompanied by so much severe pain that it is impossible to swallow saliva, and it flows out of the mouth;
• the throat is very swollen, a whistle is heard while breathing, and there is a lack of air.

Drug treatment of pharyngitis in adults is carried out in several directions. This:

• eliminating the cause of the disease;
• symptomatic treatment to alleviate the patient’s condition;
• restorative therapy.

Eliminating the cause of the disease

Depending on the reasons that caused inflammation of the mucous membrane of the throat, the following are prescribed:

• antiviral drugs – for viral infections;
• antibiotic – in case of bacterial inflammation;
• antihistamines - for the treatment of allergic pharyngitis;
• antifungal drugs - for fungal pharyngitis.

Treatment with antibiotics for pharyngitis is extremely rare. In this case, the drug of choice for most doctors is Bioparox.

Bioparox can be used for inhalation through the mouth (for inflammation of the throat) and nose (for rhinitis, sinusitis)

Bioparox is an aerosol for local use, the main active substance which is the antibiotic fusafyungin. Active ingredient medicine has a pronounced antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory effect.

Treatment with antibiotics systemic action(tablets, capsules, injections) is carried out in cases where pharyngitis is complicated by tonsillitis.

One of preconditions successful therapy for pharyngitis is precise definition causes of the disease and elimination of all factors contributing to its development. It is also necessary to exclude negative external influences on the mucous membrane (tobacco smoke, spicy food, carbonated drinks, cold air).

Symptomatic treatment

If during illness the body temperature rises to 38 °C or higher, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed containing:

• paracetamol (Panadol);
• ibuprofen (Nurofen);
• nimesulide (Nimesil).

If a sore throat is accompanied by a runny nose, then it also needs to be treated. To relieve swelling and reduce nasal discharge, use vasoconstrictor drops for children or sprays for adults (Nazivin, Vibrocil, Tizin, Galazolin, Nazol). If rhinitis is of a bacterial nature, local remedies with antibiotics (Polydex, Isofra, Bioparox).

To relieve sore throat with pharyngitis, topical medications are used:

• throat sprays;
• rinsing solutions;
• lozenges, lozenges, lozenges.

Preparations for topical use are not absorbed into the bloodstream and act only on the mucous membrane of the throat

Immunostimulating therapy

Immunostimulating treatment consists of increasing the local immunity of the mucous membranes of the throat. For this purpose, patients are prescribed drugs:

• Ribomunil;
• Respibron;
• Imudon;
• IRS-19.

To increase the body's resistance to infections and strengthen general immunity, vitamin and mineral complexes (Vitrum, Duovit, Supradin) and herbal immunomodulators (echinacea, ginseng, rose hips, eleutherococcus) are prescribed.

Treatment of chronic pharyngitis is practically no different from the treatment of acute inflammation, while special attention should be given to eliminating provoking factors and negative external influences, strengthening local and general immunity.

Medicines for sore throat

Sprays, solutions and lozenges have a complex effect on the mucous membrane of the throat:

• antiseptic;
• antibacterial;
• anti-inflammatory;
• emollient (envelop the mucous membrane, prevent the appearance of a dry, irritating cough);
• moisturizing;
• regenerating (promote the restoration of cells of damaged mucosa);
• immunomodulatory (increase local immunity).

Sprays for irrigation

Treatment with sprays and aerosols is different high efficiency, since when the medicine is sprayed, the smallest particles of the substance completely cover the mucous membrane and penetrate into hard-to-reach places.

Depending on the type and severity of inflammation, doctors may prescribe medications:

• Tantum Verde;
• Givalex;
• Hexoral;
• Bioparox.

Sprays are irritating, can cause laryngospasm (spasm of the larynx) and are not used in the treatment of children under 3 years of age.

When sprayed, the particles of the substance penetrate deep into the respiratory tract, so sprays can also be used in the treatment of laryngitis (inflammation of the larynx)

Rinse solutions

Antiseptic rinses are presented in a huge assortment at the pharmacy. But it is better to entrust the choice of remedy to a doctor.

Most often, in the treatment of pharyngitis in adults, specialists use solutions:

• Hexoral;
• Stopangin;
• Chlorophyllipt;
• Rotokan;
• Miramistin.

Before you start rinsing, you need to carefully read the instructions: some products are produced ready for use, others need to be diluted yourself

Therapeutic solutions for rinsing differ in composition, mechanism of action, contraindications and possible side effects, but they are all subject to correct application effectively cope with sore throat.

Lozenges

Many lozenges and lozenges have a combined composition. As a rule, they contain an antibacterial or antiseptic component, anesthetic, plant extracts and oils. These remedies relieve inflammation, relieve pain, and soften the throat mucosa. Pharmacy assortment tablets, lozenges and lozenges for sore throat are represented by the following drugs:

• Septolete;
• Strepsils;
• Sebidin;
• Neo-angina;
• Falimint;
• Faringosept;
• Lysobacter;
• Grammidin;
• Decathylene;
• Trachisan.

These medications are available at pharmacies without a doctor's prescription. But it is better to consult a specialist, since each drug has its own restrictions on use. Typically, lozenges and lozenges are contraindicated in children under 3–5 years of age. Some products are prohibited for use by pregnant and lactating women. The list of contraindications may also include increased sensitivity to the components of the drug, a tendency to bronchospasm, peptic ulcer stomach in the acute phase.

Treatment with folk remedies

Drug treatment of pharyngitis can be supplemented with effective folk remedies. The following are usually used as rinsing solutions:

• herbal infusions of chamomile, calendula, sage, yarrow (pour a tablespoon of herbs with a glass of boiling water, leave, strain);
• soda-salt solution (dissolve a teaspoon of soda and salt in a glass of warm water, if there are no contraindications, add a couple of drops of iodine);
• propolis tincture solution (add 30 drops of 30% tincture to 100 ml of water).

For pharyngitis treatment to be effective, rinsing is recommended every 2-3 hours.

Inhalations are another effective way to treat a sore throat. Herbal infusions are used for inhalation:

• chamomile;
• calendula;
• eucalyptus;
• sage;
• linden trees

A decoction of blackberry leaves, which can be used for inhalation and rinsing, relieves inflammation in pharyngitis well.

What to do to heal faster?

To quickly cope with the disease and eliminate the unpleasant symptoms of pharyngitis, it is important to follow a number of rules.

1. Don't breathe through your mouth, and if nasal breathing difficult, be sure to treat a runny nose at the same time.
2. Avoid overstraining the vocal cords – talk less, don’t shout.
3. Stop smoking and avoid being around other people who smoke.
4. Follow a diet. For pharyngitis, the diet involves avoiding all dishes and products that irritate the mucous membrane of the throat. Food should be soft and warm, but not hot. Fried, spicy, salty and smoked foods should be excluded from the menu during the treatment period. You should not drink carbonated drinks.
5. Drink plenty of warm liquids. It could be alkaline water still, tea with lemon, milk with honey. Rosehip decoction is useful, herbal teas with linden, raspberries, currants, fruit and berry juices, compotes.
6. Avoid being in a dusty, stuffy, hot room. Humidify the air in the room - regularly ventilate, carry out wet cleaning.

There is no need to remain in bed if you have pharyngitis, but you also cannot endure the disease on your feet - this will only prolong the duration of the disease or provoke complications

Prevention

To prevent a sore throat, you need to:

• limit contact with people with colds;
• do not overcool;
• stop smoking and drinking alcohol;
• limit the consumption of foods and drinks that irritate the throat mucosa (spicy, hot, carbonated, etc.);
• avoid exposing the throat to irritating substances (tobacco smoke, dust, gas);
• carry out timely and competent treatment other acute and chronic diseases of the respiratory system;
• strengthen the immune system (vitamins, hardening, sports, walks in the fresh air).

If the throat does become inflamed, treatment should begin when the first symptoms of the disease appear. This will help stop the pathological process initial stage and prevent the development of complications.

It is impossible to say for sure how long pharyngitis lasts. It all depends on the severity and type of inflammation, the presence of provoking factors, and the state of the immune system. In children, the disease lasts no longer than 2 weeks, in adults the inflammation is milder, in most cases it completely disappears in 7–10 days.

You can treat your throat on your own for no longer than 3-4 days. If during this time the symptoms do not disappear or the condition worsens, you should consult a doctor. The specialist will make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe the optimal treatment for a particular case.

Untimely treatment of acute inflammation of the throat can lead to the development of chronic pharyngitis, in which periods of remission alternate with phases of exacerbation. Long-term inflammation leads to structural changes mucous membrane of the throat and the need surgical intervention. Prevention of disease and timely treatment acute inflammation will help avoid such unpleasant consequences.

Unpleasant sensations in the throat, discomfort and soreness may be symptoms complex disease. Although the inflammatory process of the pharyngeal mucosa manifests itself in the form of certain signs, there is a factor that influences the treatment of pharyngitis in adults. The disease manifests itself in different forms, but before therapy it is necessary to find the cause of its occurrence.

Treatment of pharyngitis in adults at home

The inflammatory process is the body's reaction to some irritating factors. From the position traditional medicine When thinking about how to treat pharyngitis in adults, it is worth understanding what led to the development of an inflammatory disease of the pharyngeal mucosa. Identify the causes, eliminate the symptoms and cure - this is what the treatment of the throat at home in adults is aimed at. Efficient scheme provides local exposure, which will help with various drugs and remedies: tablets, lozenges, sprays, inhalations, rinses, and decoctions.

The peculiarity of this form of the disease is the combination of pharyngitis with other inflammatory diseases respiratory tract. If the first is the result of the development of a viral infection, then the second are often of bacterial or fungal origin. When diagnosing acute pharyngitis in adults, the general condition is assessed as satisfactory: a slight increase in temperature, pain when swallowing and an unpleasant sensation of tickling and burning. Characteristic symptom acute form of the disease - great discomfort when swallowing food and constant thirst.

How to treat chronic pharyngitis

How to treat this form of the disease? Only some of the symptoms of this type of inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa are similar to clinical signs diseases. A different pharyngoscopy picture, which ultimately leads to a hypertrophic or atrophic form, does not cause an increase in temperature. In adults with chronic pharyngitis, health remains normal, only dryness, accumulation of viscous mucus and the sensation of a foreign body cause great discomfort. How to treat pharyngitis in an adult if the disease has become chronic?

Drug treatment of inflammation of the mucous membrane in adults includes: gargling with anti-inflammatory drugs, antiseptic solutions, taking tablets and lozenges, treating the throat with a spray. An otolaryngologist will prescribe antibiotics for pharyngitis only in case of exacerbation of the chronic form of the disease. Reception vitamin complex, a gentle diet, plenty of warm drinks, quitting smoking, alcohol, physiotherapeutic procedures - these are the factors that will help when the task is how to cure chronic pharyngitis quickly and without antibiotics.

Preparations for the treatment of throat in adults

The use of any type of medication for pharyngitis should be strictly as prescribed by the attending physician! Only he will be able to select the optimal treatment regimen for pharyngitis, taking into account several important factors, a feature of the development and course of the inflammatory process. To make it as effective as possible for quick recovery, the specialist traditionally uses several techniques at once. Before starting treatment of pharyngitis in adults, you should choose the appropriate direction of therapy and medications:

• antibacterial therapy with general spectrum drugs (Amoxicillin, Cefadroxil, Lincomycin) or for local use (Hexaliz, Bioparox, Imudon);
• local antiseptics in the form of aerosols and sprays (Cameton, Miramistin, Hexoral);
• lollipops with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic effects based on herbal and chemical complexes for quick relief unpleasant symptoms(Doctor Mom, Septolete, Agisept, Isla, Lizobakt, Strepsils Intensive);
• decoctions of medicinal herbs (sage, chamomile);
• taking multivitamin complexes and dietary supplements to strengthen the immune system;
• antihistamines for possible allergic reactions (Loratadine, Cetirizine).

Inhalations

In case of bacterial, herpetic, fungal, granulosa or such pathologies as rhinopharyngitis with purulent mucus or laryngopharyngitis, inhalations help to quickly relieve an attack of dry cough. Among the varieties of this method of treating pharyngitis, herbal, alkaline or essential oil-based ones are considered effective, but the latter are not suitable for treatment allergic form illness. Inhalations are carried out daily, and the course is up to 14 sessions.

Treating a sore throat with folk remedies

Any form of pharyngitis in an adult requires a review of the diet and consumption of food and water only in a warm form. Along with this, treatment of pharyngitis in adults involves the use of folk methods for a speedy recovery. You can breathe in sage vapors, drink honey and milk, treat your throat with sea buckthorn oil, and drink more mineral water. Inflammatory processes with pharyngitis will help to extinguish a decoction of rose hips or rinse with chamomile, rosemary, wild rosemary.

How else to treat the disease? To help treat a throat with folk remedies in adults to quickly get rid of the disease, it is recommended to use the following recipes:

1. Propolis-based mixture for lubricating the nasal mucosa. The beekeeping product is crushed and poured into a container of water (200 ml). The liquid will separate the impurities, while the top must be carefully collected and discarded, the water must be drained, and the crushed propolis remaining at the bottom must be collected. For one tablespoon of the finished mass you need to take 100 ml of medical alcohol, pour it in and leave it to infuse for a week. After that alcohol tincture propolis is filtered, two parts of peach oil or glycerin are added. Lubricate the nasal mucosa with the prepared mixture every day for two weeks, 3-5 drops once a day.
2. A medicinal drink before bed. To prepare it you need to take: 100 ml warm milk, 2 drops of iodine, 3 tablets of Mucaltin. The ingredients are thoroughly mixed, the mixture is drunk at night, the course of treatment lasts 10 days.
3. Decoction with medicinal herbs and honey. Before treating pharyngitis in adults with medications, one should turn to the rich gifts of nature. To prepare a decoction for a quick recovery from this illness, you will need to take honey (30 g), 100 ml of water, 1 tablespoon medicinal herb(chamomile, thyme, sage, calendula flowers), a pinch of citric acid. Pour water over the herb, boil, simmer over low heat or in a steam bath for about a quarter of an hour, add the rest of the ingredients. Useful decoction You should gargle at least three times throughout the day until complete recovery.