Young parents should pay attention to the order of teething in children. We will show a diagram, and also remind you of the main symptoms and sequence, the timing of this phenomenon, and provide a photo so that you can navigate the issue and not panic about it.
Every tooth in a baby, although it appears, is accompanied by whims and sleepless nights, but it turns out to be a holiday for all family members. Parents should understand the child’s condition and facilitate this process as much as possible.
It depends on the type of device: the fixed one guides the teeth on the desired course, and the furniture stimulates or discourages bone growth in the right direction. The furniture works as the bones of the mouth grow - it is more used in children from 6 to 12 years old, and the fixed one can be used even in adults. To find out if you need a device, the answer is on the tip of your tongue. A healthy mouth means perfect closure, says orthodontist Marcelo Kingel. To do this, the upper arch should be located slightly in front of the lower arch.
And this task is not always easy. Because the mouth is very sensitive, the animals' habits, such as sucking pacifiers or mouth breathing, are enough to confuse the smile. Orthodontic problems can also make hygiene difficult and even cause headaches. There is a small space full of fibers between the tooth root and the bone chewing gum where it is nailed. Because the bone doesn't leave the space, the devices move with that space, betting on the body's tendency to keep it the same size.
The order of eruption of baby teeth in children
The main point that doctors pay attention to first of all is the timing and order of tooth growth in babies under 1 year of age. It is interesting that the rudiments for milk units are formed in the fetus in the womb. And they already appear on the surface of the gums closer to 6 months of the child’s life. There is a specific pattern for how baby teeth erupt.
When the device is applied to the tooth, the fibers are compressed. The body restores its original shape by producing osteoblasts, which “consume” bone cells. Thus, in the hole left by the missing bone, the tooth adjusts to its new position.
On the other hand, from the point where the tooth emerges, the fibers become stretched and the body produces more bone to anchor the tooth and fibers at the same thickness. Brackets, metal squares of a fixed device, are glued to the tooth with resin. The exact location where they should remain depends on how and how much the tooth needs to be moved. These structures have a channel through which a nickel-titanium wire passes. With a rubber ring around it, the wire stays firmly attached.
Incisors
The very first “heralds” of a future dazzling smile are the central incisors, that is, the front four teeth, located two on each jaw. The lower ones appear earlier, at the age of 5-6 months, and the upper ones climb after them, with a possible lag of 30-60 days.
The incisors also include another four milk teeth, appearing on the sides of the central ones. The most successful period for this is 9-11 months for upper jaw and 11-13 – for the bottom. And although there are a huge number of cases of violation of order or a change in the child’s age when they appear, doctors still insist that such criteria are considered the norm.
A fixed device moves all the teeth with brackets at once. To make the adjustment, the dentist will loosen the ends of the wire and pull. The movement changes: if the bracket is glued to the tip, with little force the tooth moves a lot; if it is close to the gum, it moves less. The side on which the staple is glued also affects the movement.
Elastics that stretch when a person opens their mouth are an additional feature of some devices - they help close the bite and are caught in three hooks located at strategic points on the wire. Some appliances also have tiny springs between some of the brackets that come off or connect to the teeth.
Molars
People call them the first molars. They are located immediately behind the fangs, which have not yet grown in the child. Dentists expect the appearance of molars in babies aged 12-16 months.
But the second four of this set is cut through only after the child turns two years old.
Fangs
The dentist makes the shape of the palate, the roof of the mouth, with alginate, a mass that hardens in about ten minutes. A plaster cast is then made, which serves as the basis for the colored part of the device, in acrylic. Some appliances have an expander shaped part that can be adjusted to enlarge the palate bone.
The wires of the device, made of steel, already have a shape that determines the right way stay of teeth. If the teeth begin to move too far forward, the wire acts as a barrier, holding them in place. If a tooth is left behind, pieces are used that are individually pushed by the lazy ones. Deviation in the midline. Looking ahead, the middle of the arcades doesn't match.
The turn of this group begins at approximately 16-20 months and they are located just between the first molars and incisors that have already appeared. It is the teething of these units that causes the child the most difficulties and temporary health consequences.
To better demonstrate the timing, we will provide a table. It indicates the most common time frame for the appearance of teeth, but you still need to understand that each child is individual and may not fit into the schedule. accepted standards. However, it is believed that by the age of 2 years the entire set of baby teeth should appear, which is 20 pieces.
Causes of tooth discoloration
Open Bite - Arcades do not close completely on the bite. Diastema - the distance between the teeth is very large. Normal primary teeth are white and usually paler than permanent teeth. Trauma to the tooth, following a fall or blow, can turn teeth pink or even gray. Excessive consumption fluoride during tooth formation can create dark spots on the teeth called dental fluorosis. Taking tetracycline antibiotics while teeth are forming can turn them gray. If a pregnant mother took tetracycline, she may later change the color of her baby's primary teeth to gray. Dark spots teeth may have caries. If cavities are suspected, it is important to consult a dentist. Bottle caries occurs as brown spots at the ends of the teeth in front. This condition follows drinking milk, juice or sweet liquids through a bottle at night while the baby or child is sleeping. Sometimes a tooth has dark areas because the enamel has not fully formed. This situation is called hypocalcification.
- This condition is usually not harmful to the tooth other than discoloration.
- The tooth should only be treated if it becomes infected or symptomatic.
How many teeth should a child have? Formula
So you don't have to remember large number numbers and every time check the readings in the tables, there is a simple way to easily navigate. So, it is enough to subtract four from the child’s age in months and you will get the expected number of teeth.
The dentist can make composite fillings for camouflage bleaching. IN in rare cases discoloration of teeth follows systemic disease. If a sudden discoloration occurs that applies to all teeth, it is recommended that you consult your dentist or doctor.
To prevent tooth discoloration
Do not take a tetracycline antibiotic during pregnancy and do not give it to children under 8 years of age. If the water contains no fluoride at all, consider adding a fluoride supplement to protect your child's teeth from decay. Most dental experts agree on the positive effects of fluoride. If city water already contains fluoride, avoid adding fluoride supplements to children.
- Start brushing teeth as soon as they appear in your child's mouth.
- Avoid excessive ingestion of fluoride.
- Find out if your city's water contains fluoride.
But this principle only applies for up to 24 months. By the age of 3 years, a child should have all 20 milk units, even if total time or the order was violated.
Sequence of eruption of permanent teeth
The number of adult units differs from milk units - instead of 20 temporary ones, 32 appear. The first among them are the so-called “sixes,” that is, molars. They follow the primary molars, which, in turn, changing to permanent ones, will bear a new name - premolars. The growth of molars occurs at 6-7 years of age and this process can begin even before the change of the children's row and the first loss of milk units.
Any medical decision should never be made before consulting a doctor. The male gender was used without prejudice to ease of reading. Every situation requires careful clinical examination, to which you can add additional examinations, such as x-ray. The same problem may lead to different solutions depending on the case. In addition, the assessment must be accompanied by precise and transparent explanations for a good understanding of the treatment, which greatly facilitates subsequent management.
To give an assessment over the phone will reveal a lack of clinical seriousness on the part of the dentist. Practitioners can choose to join or not. Each act is referenced by several “points” between the minimum and maximum. Within this range, the dentist decides which points he wants to assign to each action. He then decides on the value of the dental point. Therefore, you need to multiply the number of points by the point value to get the rate per action.
- The central incisors on the lower and then the upper jaw fall out and permanent ones appear in their place. This process begins at 6-7 years of age in the lower jaw, and continues about a year later in the upper jaw.
- The lateral incisors can be replaced at the age of 7-8 years, starting similarly from the bottom row, and after 12 months on the top.
- Milk fangs will fall out at 9-10 years and 11-12 years, respectively.
- Children's molars will be replaced by permanent premolars at the age of 10-12 years and, unlike other teeth, will appear first on the upper jaw.
- The second quadruple of premolars will erupt at 11-13 years of age.
- And the last molars, called “eights”, will appear much later - closer to 17 years and may take a long time to erupt, and in some cases, be completely absent.
We also present these figures in the table.
Prepare an estimate consists of listing the actions necessary to implement the sequence of care. The amount depends on each clinical situation, the treatment design carried out by the dentist, as well as the partners he chooses. Two doctors working with the same dental point value can achieve the same result with significantly different quotes.
Are x-rays systematic during the appointment? No, however they are a diagnostic tool that is valuable in many situations. They allow the dentist to provide informed explanations to patients for a better understanding of treatment.
How can you tell when your baby is getting his first teeth?
For some children, this process is so calm and imperceptible that parents discover the first tooth by accident, touching it while feeding with a spoon or the edge of a cup. And yet, more often than not, eruption pulls along a series of clear symptoms:
Since the teething period is quite long, the child can actually get sick during this time. Therefore, you should not attribute all the symptoms and manifestations of illness in your baby only to the teeth. If you have any problems, you should contact your pediatrician to determine the real reason deterioration of health.
Helping your child relieve pain symptoms
If it is obvious that the baby is bothered by soreness and itching of the gums, you can try to alleviate the unpleasant symptoms:
Provided that they have been settled in advance. X-ray is part of your medical card, they belong to you. Can we “opt out” of an implant? Dental implants are made of titanium, which is a biocompatible material used to implement almost all bone prostheses. An allergy withdrawal response is very unlikely. If the pre-posture study is carried out seriously, then only an intraoperative complication can lead to early failure. Often in this case, after healing, a new implant placement on the same site can be perfectly considered.
- Buy quality and suitable teethers that are made from hypoallergenic materials and have a liquid filling. After keeping them in the refrigerator for some time, you can give them to your child. It is the application of such cold that will relieve inflammation and pain, eliminating even unpleasant itching.
- Using gauze soaked in boiled water or herbal decoction from chamomile, make it light, without strong pressure.
- You can also find special gels with a local anesthetic effect in pharmacies. In this case, it is important to carefully study the instructions and not use the product too often.
- IN folk medicine For these purposes, honey is used, spreading a small amount of it on the mucous membrane.
- You can treat your gums with a soda solution, which will remove painful sensations and inflammation for a short period.
To develop good hygiene habits oral cavity, and also warn various dental diseases, parents need to start caring for it after the first tooth appears:
Once the implant is integrated into the bone, a suitable crown is good daily hygiene and regular monitoring are the guarantees of long-term success. Are my teeth more fragile during pregnancy? Not because they change, but because they environment significantly changed. Significant hormonal changes affect the composition of saliva, leading to an increased risk of cavities and chronic gingivitis, which is very common in pregnant women and is manifested by bleeding during cleaning.
Additionally, many women change their eating habits during pregnancy. It is advisable to check early pregnancy and be more vigilant when it comes to daily oral hygiene. In general, during pregnancy one really realizes urgent Care. If possible, avoided in the first and third trimester, the second trimester is the most favorable. During the session, if x-rays are required, the insulated lead apron with x-ray radiation completely protects the child.
- It is advisable to take your child to the dentist once every six months.
- Don’t get carried away with adding sugar to your baby’s food and try to reduce the amount of sweets he consumes.
- Twice a day, morning and evening. Until two years of age, this is done only with a soft toothbrush, selected according to the appropriate size, and after that you can use baby paste.
- Try to ensure that adult saliva does not get into the child’s mouth - do not lick a baby spoon, pacifier, etc.
- Feed him a variety of products, preferably with high content calcium.
Video: in what order do teeth erupt? Doctor Komarovsky answers.
At the correct dose, dental anesthetics have no side effects on the child. In case of infection, it may be advisable to prescribe antibiotics in consultation with the obstetrician monitoring the pregnancy. By age 2 and a half, children have all their baby teeth. It is important that they have an initial consultation outside of the care setting to familiarize themselves with the dental office. This makes maintenance much easier if needed later. These initial consultations are very helpful in establishing good brushing reflexes and bringing awareness to the importance of balanced diet, the least rich in possible sugars.
What problems might there be?
If you find that your baby has an incorrect teething order, you should consult a doctor to find the cause of this phenomenon. This can happen in cases of genetic inheritance and is considered normal, or may indicate health problems.
What is the difference between an implant and a “pivot tooth”? The rotating tooth is a crown that rests on the root of the tooth, which is still present; The fixation of the whole is carried out using a tenon sealed in a housing located inside the root of the tooth, after treatment with the root. Once the entire tooth root has been extracted, all that is left is bone into which the implant is placed, which then serves as an artificial root.
Can teeth with crowns be cut? Crowns are made of ceramic, which is not subject to aggression every day in the mouth. On the other hand, they are based on stumps and tooth roots, which remain susceptible to cavities. When gums retract over the years or when crown adjustments are not adequate, brushing some areas may be difficult and decay may develop under the crown. These cavities cause pain only very late or even pain until the crown weakens. Unfortunately, they often lead to tooth extraction.
Sometimes the following deviations occur:
- – complete absence rudiments, which can be established no earlier than the child’s ten-month age. This problem appears as a result of disruption of the endocrine system or other internal organs. The doctor will prescribe medications that stimulate the growth of hard tissues, or install implants.
- Retention is the inability of a tooth to erupt even in the presence of a rudiment. This may be hindered by a previously formed unit or too dense gums. During examination, the doctor will detect swelling of the mucous membrane, hyperemia, elevated temperature body and pain in the area. As treatment, he uses an incision in the gum or removal of the interfering tooth.
- Too early or late teething also indicates some problems - problems with endocrine system, presence of a tumor, difficulty of enzymatic metabolism, disease gastrointestinal tract etc.
By the age of 9, the child’s upper and lower incisors and first permanent molars erupt in the child’s dentition. The dentition still contains primary canines and molars. The permanent incisors are normally positioned evenly in the dentition without “protrusion” or “sagging” to the side.
By the age of 10, the process of root formation is completed permanent teeth already erupted in the oral cavity (first molar, central and lateral incisors). These teeth are “stabilized” in the bone tissue.
At 9 - 10 years old, the roots of the 4th baby tooth(1st primary molar) and its replacement with the 4th permanent tooth (1st premolar) first on the upper, and then on lower jaws. From 10 to 12 years of age, the roots of the 5th primary tooth (2nd primary molar) and primary canine begin to be reabsorbed and replaced by the 2nd premolar and permanent canine respectively. The permanent canine is the last one to erupt.
By the age of 12-13, the replacement of baby teeth with permanent ones is completed. There should be 24 teeth in the dentition: 12 on each jaw.
The child is 9 years old: his upper and lower permanent central and lateral incisors and first molars have erupted. Dairy chewing teeth and the fangs are still motionless, although the resorption of their roots has already begun.
Typical problems.
NORMALLY, the permanent incisors are located “evenly” in the dentition without “protrusion” or “sagging” to the side. This indicates a harmoniously occurring process of physiological replacement of milk teeth with permanent ones.
If there was early removal baby teeth in children and, as a consequence, displacement of permanent teeth chewing teeth forward, the formation of improper closure of the dentition occurs and crowding of teeth appears in the area of the frontal and chewing teeth.
A common problem in the period from 9 to 12 years is poor oral hygiene, which is associated with the characteristics of psychological development children. As a result, caries develops in “young” permanent teeth. Most often, the 6th chewing teeth (1st molars) are affected in the area of fissures (natural depressions of the teeth located between the cusps of the tooth).
Fissure caries, remaining unnoticed, develops rapidly and is quickly complicated by inflammation of the nerve of the tooth (pulpitis).
PHOTO: The child's lower permanent incisors erupted in the second row. In this situation, it is necessary to free up space by removing the mobile baby teeth so that the permanent teeth can take the correct position in the dental arch.
Treatment and prevention.
At the age of 9 - 12 years, “stabilization” and a decrease in the intensity of jaw growth occurs. Previously formed anomalies in the development of occlusion are “fixed.” By the age of 12, when there are no baby teeth left, orthodontic treatment in most cases (but not always) is possible only with braces
IN CHILDREN WHO HAVE ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT STARTED AT AN EARLIER AGE AND WAS USED WITH ORTHODONTIC PLATES AND TRAINERS TO CREATE SPACE IN THE TEETH, TREATMENT WITH BRACKETS PROCESSES QUICKLY AND WITHOUT REMOVAL OF PERMANENT TEETH OV.
BRACES CANNOT INCREASE THE SIZE OF THE JAW, SO IN ORDER TO “STRAIGHT” TEETH BY “PUSHING” THEM INTO THE AVAILABLE SPACE, IT IS OFTEN NECESSARY TO REMOVE THE PERMANENT TEETH.
THIS IS WHY ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT, IF NECESSARY, IS BETTER TO START AS EARLY AS POSSIBLE.
To prevent the development of caries of chewing teeth in the fissure area, a procedure called fissure sealing is performed - closing the fissures in order to prevent further plaque from getting stuck in them and the development of caries in them.
To prevent sports injuries to the upper incisors and canines, it is recommended to have an individual sports mouth guard made by a pediatric orthodontist.
