Nazar Najmi, biography, awards and prizes. Literary names of the area

Nazar Najmi (Nazhmetdinov Nazar Nazhmetdinovich) was born on February 5, 1918 in the village of Minishte, Birsky district, Ufa province (now Dyurtyulinsky district). The path of a boy from a poor peasant family to great literature is remarkable. It is somewhat similar, but in some ways it is not similar to the path of his peers. Having received a seven-year education in an ordinary rural school, the young man Nazar leaves his native village of Minishta, which is on the picturesque shore of the beautiful Agidel, and comes to Ufa. Here he enters the workers' school, after graduating from which he becomes a student at the literary faculty of the Bashkir Pedagogical Institute.

Nazar was finishing his third year at the institute when the war broke out. And soon the aspiring poet puts on a soldier’s tunic, leaving the student bench for a while. He was destined to graduate from university only after the Victory. But the war did not pass without a trace for him. It served as a harsh school for growing up, a school for learning about life. Later, having walked along the long and dusty, difficult and bitter, but victorious roads of war, the poet Nazar Najmi will say in the poem “Desire”:

Creativity is a soldier's road
Let my song serve the country
Just as honestly, flawlessly, strictly,
How the tunic served me (Translation by K. Vanshenkin)

But that came later, after the war. During the war, Nazar Najmi had no time for poetry. In the first days of the war, he spoke on the Bashkir radio with the poem “Fascism will crumble to dust.” But soon, finding himself far from his native places, he becomes silent. This state of mind continued for about four years. Only at the end of the war did he write 17 poems, which are usually given in his collections entitled “From a Front Notebook.” Poems that occupy a prominent place in creative biography poet and testifying to the fact that it is in them that Nazar Najmi begins - the emergence of his own poetic face and the formation of his own style. To put it in the words of the poet himself, the war period was for him a time of gaining the ability to be surprised and gradually filling the soul.

After graduating from college he for many years worked in republican newspapers and magazines, as a special correspondent traveled to the cities and villages of his native Bashkortostan, met with interesting people, saw with my own eyes and studied the creative work of my fellow countrymen, wrote exciting essays, stories, and poems about them. And by the time the first collection was published, the author was already over 30 years old.

The creative destiny of Nazar Najmi did not develop quite normally - not like that of others. In an essay - an address to the famous Bashkir poetess Fauzia Rakhimgulova, he says that they did not manage to flare up suddenly and burn with a bright flame, but had to painfully long, almost gropingly climb along the unexplored paths of literature.

The idea of the protracted nature of entering the literary arena also flashes in individual poems of Nazar Najmi, which, one might argue, constitute his lyrical biography. In the poem “Everything came to me belatedly...”, for example, the poet admits with his characteristic frankness:

I haven't fully resolved it yet
The mystery of life and its path...
Wherever I go, no matter how in a hurry -
I always hesitated for a long time on the threshold.
As if I had completely achieved my goal,
But I’m waiting for something, I’m in a hurry to get somewhere.
Everything came to me late:
You know, I was born too early.

Reading Nazar Najmi, one often comes across revelations of this kind (“You were surprised”, “The years keep passing ...”, “Sorrows, you strive for my gates ...”):

Oh, no matter what I do, I'm still missing something,
Not everything in my life turns out the way I want...
Potholes, potholes, ruts and turns -
The cart rattles, which I drag with difficulty...
Not everything in my life turns out the way I want.

At first glance, it may seem that such lines reek of sadness, melancholy, and the poet’s dissatisfaction with his creative destiny. But Nazar Najmi’s apparent dissatisfaction with himself is, most likely, a measure of the poet’s exactingness towards his work, the result of years of developed and finally established habit of openly, without hiding, telling the reader what he thinks.

However, this does not mean that Nazar Najmi’s lyrics are purely intimate. Warmed by spiritual warmth, it often goes far beyond the poet’s personal experiences.

Nazar Najmi's lyrics are impartial, devoid of external edification, naked moralizing instructions. You won’t find a trace of admiration for false beauty in her. The poet sees life in all its complexity and diversity. He strives personally, with his whole being, to understand the world around us and poetically comprehend the patterns of its movement, unravel the secrets of human individual existence. A unique poetic interpretation of philosophy everyday life represents the "Father's word". This poem is constructed in the form of direct speech - the poet, as if without changes, conveys the words of his father, with which he, “judgment about the movement of mortal times,” admonished his son. How many folk wisdom contained in these words! The father encourages his son to always be worthy of his goals, not to fall into mental illness and to remember “that the world is a thousand layers” that we see around.

Or let’s pay attention to another poetic creation of Najmi – the poem “The Knot”. In terms of volume, this is a very small work - it consists of 16 lines. But how deep and capacious is the thought put into it by the poet! Already the first two lines attract attention with their brevity and aphorism:

If truth would overcome lies.
Friendship would be lost for a penny!

Then he speaks in a few words, but figuratively, about a feeling that, like a bridge, connects people and whose name is friendship. But drinking this friendship, it turns out, is “thinner than a hair,” “sharper than a sword,” because it requires a careful, careful attitude towards oneself. Main idea which the poet wanted to express is contained in the last lines of the poem:

True, the heart is strong sometimes
Connect the thread if it breaks...
But always at the same time -
What a disaster! -
The node remains...

The fact that Nazar Najmi is a lyric poet, an original poet with his own voice, is all undeniable. His poems are distinguished by their melodiousness, musicality, and closeness to folk poetry. It is no coincidence that many of them are set to music. But today for Nazar Najmi these definitions are no longer enough, since they do not fully reveal the essence of his poetic talent.

The point is that in the poetry of N. Najmi, since the late 60s, a philosophical stream began to carve out a channel for itself more and more - his lyrics became more and more philosophical. Usually N. Najmi's poems are small in volume. But due to the nature of thinking and the scale of the poetic image, they often grow into broad generalizations:

Is it because we quickly get used to it?
Fortunately, if you meet on the way, -
Joy is overwhelming - we don’t notice
It's a mountain of grief - we can't get around it...
A hummock in front of the mountain... Is it visible to the eye?
Yes, whatever!... But - note:
We fall - tripping over the wrong mountain,
And accidentally hitting a bump.

Translation by E. Nikolaevskaya

Nazar Najmi thinks a lot about our existence, about the meaning of life, about man and his place in society. At the same time, reflections not only testify to the poet’s extensive life experience, but often acquire a philosophical overtones. Here, for example, is an example where there is brevity and clarity of the phrase, and at the same time depth of thought:

Birth and death are two extreme dates,
And between them is a triumph of life.
On the last journey, having experienced all the pain of loss,
We see our friend off in a crowd.
The other one will leave - and his head will be in sadness
The whole country is bowing over him.
And he entered the world - we did not meet him,
Only his mother was with him.

Translation by Ya Kozlovsky

Nazar Najmi is far from indifferent to what is happening around him. He lives with the concerns of the country and the people, closely follows the turbulent events of the era, before which he especially acutely feels his responsibility, his civic duty:

And in the world there is still - still -
Anxiety lives on
Without stopping.
My daughter is sleeping,
Our yard is sleeping.
Only I can’t close my eyes.
And I listen to the silence,
And I want to sleep but can’t sleep...
Everything seems: if I fall asleep,
What if something happens to the world!

Translation by E. Nikolaevskaya

The monologue poem “At the Cradle” was written in the same vein. It reflects the dynamics of time on a larger scale. The poet seems to be sounding the alarm for the fate of the world and humanity. Using an original artistic technique - a dialogue between the lyrical hero and his father, resurrected in the image of a bright flame, he passes through the prism of his personal perception a huge stream of historical events. And when reading the poem, a whole world of phenomena passes before us, so characteristic of the 20th century. “At the Cradle” is a hymn to Man, a hymn to Reason, and at the same time a call to vigilance.

The poetry of Nazar Najmi is earthly flesh. With all her being she is turned to her native land, to the people who raised him:

Let me be forgotten by you
Cursed by you, earth,
If one day with a full hand
I will desecrate your bread
Let the poems run away from me,
The world will turn into a crypt.
If the peasant forgets his work
I'll look down on bread

Translation and Snegovoy

The idea of a blood connection with the people is expressed poetically, vividly and figuratively in the poem “Fire Neighbor.” It captivates with its figurative thought and soft intonation. The work is based on an ancient folk custom- go to each other for hot coals to light the fire. For the poet, fire and the folk custom associated with it are just a detail from which he starts. The hearth, which at the beginning of the poem was used in its direct meaning, in subsequent lines gradually acquires another, very capacious metaphorical meaning– is compared with the soul of a person, with everything that distinguishes wildlife from non-living. Step by step, hammering out a phrase and achieving the utmost precision of thought, in the final stanza the poet suddenly makes an unexpected turn, and the original drawing of the verse takes on a completely different outline:

I keep my cherished desire in my heart:
I wish I had at least a grain of that fire!..
So that they call me neighbor on fire,
So that people hurry up to me!

Translation by E. Nikolaevskaya

Nevertheless, the most original thing by Nazar Najmi in this series is probably the poem “My Tsarskoe Selo”. The very title of the work is original, uniquely echoing Russian classics. It is no less interesting in terms of content, breadth of concept and character of thinking. The poem is written in the poet’s usual manner - through the parallel development of two motives, two lines. In this case, one of these lines is associated with the idea that every person should have the beginning of all beginnings - dear native places. This idea is taken as an epigraph to the entire work. The second line is the glorification of his native refuge, which in beauty and wealth is in no way inferior, in the poet’s opinion, to Pushkin’s Tsarskoe Selo. There are no golden royal chambers here, “but there is a golden land,” golden people, golden fields on which golden grains grow. Everything here is luxurious and beautiful: the foothills, the sunny garden, honey linden trees, meadows, and “oak groves, cool in the heat, and swans in the blue lakes, and the brightness of blossoms in the spring, and the royal attire of summer.” And all this gives the poet reason to say:

My land is the bounty of the earth,
He is richer than the royal wealth,
What kind of kings could
Create what our region will create!
Ah, my land! Everyone here is a poet,
Here the school is almost like a Lyceum...

Translation and Snegovoy

A sense of pride and strong commitment to home side penetrates even larger ones poetic works Nazara Najmi. “One living end of my poems has always been tied to the native land,” he declares, for example, in the poem “Eleven Songs about a Friend.”

Through complex, even acutely dramatic collisions, the idea of a person’s blood connection with his native land, with its firmly established customs and age-old traditions, is also expressed in the poems “The Devil” and “Ural”. The situation in which the hero of the poem “Ural” found himself is tragic. By the will of fate, he is cut off from his native soil and lives overseas. But his apparent well-being is, in essence, imaginary: it does not bring him happiness and does not bring peace of mind.

The aesthetic views of Nazar Najmi are reflected quite clearly and clearly in his epic works. Nazar Najmi has a poem that is entirely devoted to creating a personified image of the poet. This is “The Poet and the Shah”. The basis of its plot is a fairy-tale motif, which the author himself hints at, defining the genre of his work as an oriental poem in the subtitle. But this does not make the abstractly generalized image of the poet at all fabulous - it is completely real and earthly.

The action of the poem takes place in one of the eastern khanates, headed by a rich and formidable ruler - Shah Zhikhan. The Shah is rich, but not so much in gold and diamonds, but in fame - “It thundered over the world.” Glory was brought to him by the “bird of wisdom” - an inspired word. “The word has no equal. The singing of birds falls silent before the music of words, the streams along all banks freeze, the rustling of blades of grass and groves fades away...”

The Shah knew this, he knew “the secret of captivating, taming” people, he knew “the secret of destroying and seducing with words.”

Everything would have been fine if a lie had not suddenly been revealed: the bird of wisdom, it turns out, belonged not to the Shah, but to an inconspicuous poet. This lie was exposed by the poet, who did not want to continue subservient to the Shah.

The Shah is ready to forgive the poet if he gives him power and glory again! But the poet does not agree: “Having called himself to account,” he is holding a trial against himself. “After all, there is no more merciless judgment against a poet than the poet’s.” At the end of the poem it is reported that the Shah lived for a long time after the death of the poet, “but he knew neither glory nor happiness.”

Through allegory, Nazar Najmi was able to convey in an allegorical form the idea of a huge social, civil and aesthetic sound: the poet is the ruler of feelings, he is the only one in whose power the word; People need the word “to warm their souls, to fill the vastness.”

Member of the Great Patriotic War, Nazar Najmi writes a lot and touchingly about the war. Almost all of his major works - “Mother”, “Birches”, “The Boy Opening the Gate”, “Ballad of a Song”, “At the Cradle”, “Shirt”, “Lifetime Song”, “Two Zuleikhas”, “ Living blood- are somehow related to military topics. One common feature unites these things - their autobiographical nature.

If the content of the ballad “Birches” is connected with a childhood friend who did not return from the battlefield, then in the lyrical poem “The Boy Opening the Gate” the author talks about himself and his peers, who, step by step, passed through the “gate of life” and reached the Brandenburg Gate; “The Ballad of a Song” is a dedication to the famous Bashkir poet Malikh Kharis, who died in the Great Patriotic War. Imbued with deep lyricism, the poems are convincing in their vitality and imagery; Those people whose destinies gave the poet food for thought and broad generalizations are admired.

The most recent and no less significant poem by Nazar Najmi from the series about the war is “Living Blood”. A harmonious composition, a solid plot, a beautiful language - artless, close to colloquial, interspersed with aphoristic expressions worthy of entering the world of wise thoughts and sayings. As in previous poems, the author is not interested in war in itself - his attention is focused most of all on its consequences, on those physical ailments and mental wounds that it caused to more than one generation of people and which make themselves felt to this day. The title of the poem has a very meaningful meaning: symbolic, metaphorical, and allegorical.

It is difficult to identify in the poetic arsenal of Nazar Najmi any one, single theme that would certainly prevail over others. But despite all the diversity of themes, his works are united: they are characterized by high humanity. Whatever the poet writes about, he always remains true to himself, his once and for all developed principles, his civic duty. His poems are permeated with filial love for his native land, sincere and deep respect for people for whom honesty and truthfulness, beauty of soul and generosity of heart, loyalty in love and selflessness in friendship are above all. Celebrating the glorious anniversary of Nazar Najmi - his eightieth birthday, we can say with confidence that the poet’s multifaceted and multicolored creativity constitutes one of the brightest pages of Bashkir poetry today. (According to A. Khabirov.)

(1999-09-06 ) (age 81) Place of death: Citizenship:

USSR
Russian Federation

Type of activity: Genre: Language of works: Awards: Awards: http://www.nazar-nadjmi.ru/

Biography

In 1941 he went to the front, in 1946 he completed his studies in. From to 1949 he worked in the editorial offices of the newspaper "Council of Bashkortostan" and the magazine "Literary Bashkortostan", from to 1959 - editor of the satirical magazine "Һәnәk" ("Pitchfork"). From to 1969 - Chairman of the Board of the Writers' Union of Bashkortostan.

Nazar Najmi is one of the most outstanding lyricists, with his beautiful poems - both bright and sad, he entered the golden treasury of Bashkir poetry. But his creativity is not limited to this. He created such works as “The Boy Who Opens the Gate”, “Eleven Songs about a Friend”, “The Poet and the Tsar”, “The Devil”, “Ural”, which are among the highest achievements of the Bashkir poem.

Many of Nazar Najmi's poems were written into songs by famous Bashkir composers - Zagir Ismagilov, Rim Khasanov, Nariman Sabitov and others. Many of his songs became popular throughout Bashkiria.

Nazar Najmi died on September 6, 1999 in Ufa. He was buried in his native village.

Birth and death are two extreme dates,
And between them - a triumph of life.
On the last journey, having experienced all the pain of loss,
We see our friend off in a crowd.
The other one will leave - and his head will be in sadness
The whole country is bowing over him.
And he entered the world - we did not meet him,
Only his mother was with him.

Awards and prizes

State Prize of the RSFSR named after M. Gorky (1982) - for books of poetry and poems “Breath” (1976), “Invitation to a Friend” (1981), “Parties” (1980)
Salavat Yulaev Prize (1972)
two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor (1955, 1968)
two Orders of the Patriotic War, II degree (1945, 1985)
People's Poet of Bashkortostan (1992)

Bibliography

Droplets. Poetry. Ufa: Bashgosizdat, 1950. 128 pp. (in Bashkir)
Lyrics. M., “Young Guard”, 1954. 103 pp. (in Russian)
Waves. Poetry. Ufa, Bashgosizdat. 1955 160 s (in Bashk.)
Unexpected rain. Poetry. Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1960. (in Bashkir)
Indian pages. (Travel notes) Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1960. 48 pp. (in Bashkir)
Spring song. Play. Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1960. 64 pp. (in Bashkir)
Land and song. Poetry. Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1962. 63 pp. (in Bashkir)
A word about love. Poetry. Kazan, Tatknigoizdat, 1962, 79 pp. (in Tat.)
My stars.. Poems and poems. Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1963, 150 pp. (in Russian)
Opener of the gate. Poetry. M, Detgiz, 1963. 79 p. (in Russian)
Poems and poems. (Foreword by M. Karim). Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1964. 240 pp. (in Bashkir)
Spring song. - Goodbye Khairush! - Uninvited guest. Plays. Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1966. 170 pp. (in Bashkir)
Autumn trails. Poetry. Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1967. 95 pp. (in Russian)
Selected works. Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1968. 399 pp. (in Bashkir)
Blue mists. Stories, novellas. Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1969. 109 pp. (in Bashkir)
The light falls from above. Lit. critical articles, memoirs, creative works. Portraits. Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1972. 170 pp. (in Bashkir)
Neighbours. Poetry. Kazan, Tatknigoizdat, 1972. 103 pp. (in Tat.)
Unexpectedly. Poems and poems. Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1973. 94 pp. (in Bashkir)
Listening to the silence. Poems and poems. M., “Sov. Russia", 1973. 159 pp. (in Russian)
Thanks to this house. Poems and poems. “Sov.pisatel”, 1974. 127 pp. (in Russian)
Always under the stars. Poems and poems. M., Sovremennik, 1975. 111 pp. (in Russian)
Breath. Lyrics. Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1976. 191 pp. (in Bashkir); 1976, 191 s (in Russian)
Works In 3 volumes. Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1977−1978. 399 s (in Bashk.)
T.1. Poetry. Preface by K. Akhmedyanov. 1977. 302 p.
T.2. Poems, poems. 1978. 204 p.
T.3. Plays. 1978. 384 p.
Parties. Poems and poems. Ufa, 1980. 160 pp. (in Bashkir)
Invitation to a friend. Poems and poems. M., " Soviet Russia", 1981. 160 s (in Russian)
Parties. Poems and poems. M., “Sov.pisatel”, 1982. 120 pp. (in Russian)
Who thought? Literary critical articles. Ufa, 1983. 293 pp. (in Bashkir)
After dark. Poems, poems. Ufa, 1984. 146 pp. (in Bashkir)
Father's house. Poems, poems. Ufa, 1988. 304 pp. (in Bashkir)
I'm coming to you. Poems and poems. Foreword by G. Rahim. Kazan, Tatknigoizdat, 1988. 144 pp. (in Tat.)
Approximation. Poems and poems. Preface by Kh. Gilyazhev. Ufa, “Kitap”, 1994, 416.s (in Bashkir)

Translations

Bagmut I. Happy day of Suvorov soldier Krinichny. Tale. Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1955. 152 p.

Literature

R. Khaybrakhmanov. Nazar Najmi. Monograph. Kazan, “School”, 2007.
M. Maksimov. Poems of a peer. “Literary newspaper”, 1955, May 26 (in Russian)
K.Habib. Unexpected guest. “Agidel”, 1961, No. 12 (in Bashk.)
K. Akhmedyanov. Land and song. “Agidel”, 1963, No. 1 (in Bashk.)
A. Glezer. Creativity is a soldier's road. “Banner”, 1963, (in Russian)
V. Baranov. Scar of war. “Ural”, 1963, No. 9 (in Russian)
M. Karim. The poet is on his way. (Preface to the book by N. Najmi “Poems, Poems”). Ufa, 1964 (in Bashkir)
K. Akhmedyanov. Nazar Najmi is a master of verse. Monograph. Ufa, 1974. 168 pp. (in Bashkir)
K. Akhmedyanov. Truth of life. “Agidel”, 1978, No. 2 (in Bashk.)
G. Khusainov. Poetic drops. "Poetry". Ufa, 1981. (in Bashkir)
A. Khabirov. Conquering poetic heights. “Teacher of Bashkortostan”, 1982, No. 4 (in Bashkortostan)
I. Levin. Neighbor on fire. “Literary Russia”, M., 1982, December 10 (in Bashk.)
M. Gainullin, G. Khusainov. Writers of Soviet Bashkiria. Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1988. pp. 274-276 (in Bashkir)
History of Bashkir literature in 6 volumes. Ufa, “Kitap”, vol. 5., 1994. 347-379 (in Bashkir)

Links

The song “Ufa Linden Trees” based on the verses of Nazar Najmi, performed by Alsou. Clip on www.youtube.com

Nazar Najmi(Bashk. Nazar Njmi, Tat. Naar Nmi); real name - Khabibnazar Nazmutdinovich Nazmutdinov (Bashk. Khbibnazar Nazmutdin ul Nazmutdinov) (February 5, 1918 - September 6, 1999) - master of words, Bashkir and Tatar poet, publicist, playwright, memoirist. People's poet Bashkortostan (1992). Member of the CPSU(b) since 1944. Bashkir by nationality.

Biography

He studied at a rural seven-year school, then at the Ufa metallurgical workers' faculty "Vostokstal". In 1938 he entered the Bashkir State Pedagogical Institute named after K. A. Timiryazev at the Faculty of Language and Literature. In 1941 he went to the front, in 1946 he completed his studies at the Bashkir State Pedagogical Institute named after K. A. Timiryazev. From 1947 to 1949 he worked in the editorial offices of the newspaper “Council of Bashkortostan” and the magazine “Literary Bashkortostan”. In 1955 he worked as director of the Bashkir Academic Drama Theater named after Mazhit Gafuri. From 1955 to 1959 - editor of the satirical magazine “Khenek” (“Pitchfork”). From 1962 to 1969 - Chairman of the Board of the Writers' Union of Bashkortostan.

The poet did a lot of public work: he was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Council of the BASSR, a member of the board of the Writers' Union of the BASSR and the RSFSR, and a delegate to many writers' congresses Russian Federation and the USSR.

Many of Nazar Najmi's poems were written into songs by famous Bashkir composers - Zagir Ismagilov, Nariman Sabitov, Khusain Akhmetov, Rim Khasanov and others. Most of his songs were included in the golden fund of Bashkir musical classics.

Nazar Najmi died on September 6, 1999 in Ufa. According to his will, he was buried in his homeland (on a hill, in front of the entrance to the village of Minishty).

Awards and prizes

State Prize of the RSFSR named after M. Gorky (1982) - for books of poetry and poems “Breath” (1976), “Invitation to a Friend” (1981), “Parties” (1980)
Republican Prize named after Salavat Yulaev (1972)
order October Revolution (1978)
two Orders of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree (06/07/1945; 03/11/1985)
two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor (1955; 03/11/1968)
Order of the Red Star (02/19/1945)
Order of Honor of Russia (1999)
People's Poet of Bashkortostan (1992)
Prize of the Union of Writers of the Republic of Tatarstan named after Gayaz Ishaki (1994)

Memory

There is a memorial plaque on the building where Nazar Najmi lived.
In September 2008, in the poet’s homeland, near the village of Minishty, Dyurtyulinsky district, a Memorial complex(author Mavletbai Khalilov).
A street and a square in Dyurtyuli are named after Nazar Najmi, and a monument to the poet was erected there.
The House Museum is open and operating in the homeland of the national poet (in the village of Minishty, Dyurtyulinsky district)
The Bashkir gymnasium in the city of Dyurtyuli bears the name of Nazar Najmi.

, playwright, prose writer, publicist, literary critic, translator

Direction: Genre: Language of works: Awards:

Awards:

Biography

He studied at a rural seven-year school, then at the Ufa metallurgical workers' faculty "Vostokstal". In 1938 he entered the Faculty of Language and Literature. In 1941 he went to the front, in 1946 he completed his studies in. From 1949 to 1949 he worked in the editorial offices of the newspaper “Council of Bashkortostan” and the magazine “Literary Bashkortostan”. He works as director of the Bashkir Academic Drama Theater named after Mazhit Gafuri. From to 1959 - editor of the satirical magazine "Khenek" ("Pitchfork"). From to 1969 - Chairman of the Board of the Union of Writers of Bashkortostan.

The poet did a lot of public work: he was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Council of the BASSR, a member of the board of the Writers' Union of the BASSR and the RSFSR, and a delegate to many congresses of writers of the Russian Federation and the USSR.

Many of Nazar Najmi's poems were written into songs by famous Bashkir composers - Zagir Ismagilov, Nariman Sabitov, Khusain Akhmetov, Rim Khasanov and others. Many of his songs became popular in Bashkiria and beyond.

Nazar Najmi died on September 6, 1999 in Ufa. According to his will, he was buried in his homeland (on a hill, in front of the entrance to the village of Minishty).

Awards and prizes

State Prize of the RSFSR named after M. Gorky (1982) - for books of poetry and poems “Breath” (1976), “Invitation to a Friend” (1981), “Parties” (1980)
two Orders of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree (06/07/1945; 03/11/1985)
two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor (1955; 03/11/1968)
Order of the Red Star (02/19/1945)
Order of Honor of Russia (1999)
People's Poet of Bashkortostan (1992)
Prize of the Union of Writers of the Republic of Tatarstan named after Gayaz Ishaki (1994)

Memory

There is a memorial plaque on the building where Nazar Najmi lived.
In September 2008, in the poet’s homeland, near the village of Minishty, Dyurtyulinsky district, a Memorial complex (author Mavletbai Khalilov) was opened.
A street and a square in Dyurtyuli are named after Nazar Najmi, and a monument to the poet was erected there.
The House Museum is open and operating in the homeland of the national poet (in the village of Minishty, Dyurtyulinsky district)
The Bashkir gymnasium in the city of Dyurtyuli bears the name of Nazar Najmi.

Bibliography

Droplets. Poetry. Ufa: Bashgosizdat, 1950. 128 p. (in Bashkir)
Lyrics. M.: “Young Guard”, 1954. 103 p. (in Russian)
Waves. Poetry. Ufa: Bashgosizdat. 1955. 160 p. (in Bashkir)
Unexpected rain. Poetry. Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 1960. 96 p. (in Bashkir)
Indian pages. (Travel notes) Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 1960. 48 p. (in Bashkir)
Spring song. Play. Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 1960. 64 p. (in Bashkir)
Land and song. Poetry. Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 1962. 63 p. (in Bashkir)
A word about love. Poetry. Kazan: Tatknigoizdat, 1962, 79 p. (in Tat.)
My stars. Poems and poems. Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 1963, 150 p. (in Russian)
Opener of the gate. Poetry. M.: Detgiz, 1963. 79 pp. (in Russian)
Poems and poems. (Foreword by M. Karim). Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 1964. 240 p. (in Bashkir)
Spring song. - Goodbye Khairush! - Uninvited guest. Plays. Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 1966. 170 p. (in Bashkir)
Autumn trails. Poetry. Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 1967. 95 p. (in Russian)
Selected works. Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 1968. 399 p. (in Bashkir)
Blue mists. Stories, novellas. Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 1969. 109 p. (in Bashkir)
The light falls from above. Literary critical articles, memoirs, creative portraits. Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 1972. 170 p. (in Bashkir)
Neighbours. Poetry. Kazan: Tatknigoizdat, 1972. 103 p. (in Tat.)
Unexpectedly. Poems and poems. Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 1973. 94 p. (in Bashkir)
Listening to the silence. Poems and poems. M.: “Sov. Russia", 1973. 159 p. (in Russian)
Thanks to this house. Poems and poems. "Sov.pisatel", 1974. 127 p. (in Russian)
Always under the stars. Poems and poems. M.: “Sovremennik”, 1975. 111 p. (in Russian)
Breath. Lyrics. Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 1976. 192 p. (in Russian)
Works In 3 volumes. T.1. Poetry. Preface by K. Akhmedyanov. Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 1977. 304 p. (in Bashkir)
Works In 3 volumes. T.2. Poems and poems. Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 1978. 240 p. (in Bashkir)
Works In 3 volumes. T.3. Plays. Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 1978. 384 p. (in Bashkir)
Parties. Poems and poems. Ufa, 1980. 160 p. (in Bashkir)
Invitation to a friend. Poems and poems. M.: “Soviet Russia”, 1981. 160 p. (in Russian)
Parties. Poems and poems. M.: “Sov.pisatel”, 1982. 120 p. (in Russian)
Who thought? Literary critical articles. Ufa, 1983. 293 p. (in Bashkir)
After dark. Poems, poems. Ufa, 1984. 146 p. (in Bashkir)
Father's house. Poems, poems. Ufa, 1988. 304 p. (in Bashkir)
I'm coming to you. Poems and poems. Foreword by G. Rahim. Kazan: Tatknigoizdat, 1988. 144 p. (in Tat.)
Approximation. Poems and poems. Preface by Kh. Gilyazhev. Ufa: “Kitap”, 1994, 416.p. (in Bashkir)
Tatar blood. Poems and poems. Ufa, Magrifet, 1997. 85 p. (in Tat.)
White spring. Poetry. Ufa: “Kitap”, 1997, 96.p. (in Bashkir)
Pages of the soul. Literary critical articles, memoirs, creative portraits. Ufa: “Kitap”, 1999, 320 p. (in Bashkir)
Selected works. Volume I Poems. Ufa: “Kitap”, 2008. 416 p. (in Bashkir)
Selected works. Volume II Poems and poems. Ufa: “Kitap”, 2012. 432 p. (in Bashkir)
Mange һaldattar ★ Soldiers forever: Poems / Nazar Nazhmi – Ufa: “Kitap”, 2015. – 144 p. (in Bashkir and Russian)

Translations

Bagmut I. Happy day of Suvorov soldier Krinichny. Tale. Ufa, Bashknigoizdat, 1955. 152 p.

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Literature

K. Aralbay, I. Kinyabulatov. “Nazar Najmi. Life and creativity." Book-photo album. Ufa: “Kitap”, 2013. - 208 p. (in Russian and Bashkir)
R. Minnullin. “Nazar Najmi. The people's soul." Kazan: Tatar Book Publishing House, 2011. - 479 p. (in Tat.)
R. Khaybrakhmanov. “Nazar Najmi. Monograph". Kazan, “School”, 2007.
A. Kh. Khabirov. "Nazar Najmi". Seminary. Ufa: “Gilem”, 2006. - 366 p.
M. Maksimov. Poems of a peer. “Literary newspaper”, 1955, May 26 (in Russian)
K.Habib. Unexpected guest. “Agidel”, 1961, No. 12 (in Bashk.)
K. Akhmedyanov. Land and song. “Agidel”, 1963, No. 1 (in Bashk.)
A. Glezer. Creativity is a soldier's road. “Banner”, 1963, (in Russian)
V. Baranov. Scar of war. “Ural”, 1963, No. 9 (in Russian)
M. Karim. The poet is on his way. (Preface to the book by N. Najmi “Poems, Poems”). Ufa, 1964 (in Bashkir)
K. Akhmedyanov. Nazar Najmi is a master of verse. Monograph. Ufa, 1974. 168 pp. (in Bashkir)
K. Akhmedyanov. Truth of life. “Agidel”, 1978, No. 2 (in Bashk.)
G. Khusainov. Poetic drops. "Poetry". Ufa, 1981. (in Bashkir)
A. Khabirov. Conquering poetic heights. “Teacher of Bashkortostan”, 1982, No. 4 (in Bashkortostan)
I. Levin. Neighbor on fire. “Literary Russia”, M., 1982, December 10 (in Bashk.)
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History of Bashkir literature in 6 volumes. Ufa, “Kitap”, vol. 5., 1994. 347-379 (in Bashkir)

Excerpt characterizing Nazar Najmi

- So nothing?
“Nothing,” said Princess Marya, looking firmly at her daughter-in-law with radiant eyes. She decided not to tell her and persuaded her father to hide the receipt of terrible news from her daughter-in-law until her permission, which was supposed to be the other day. Princess Marya and the old prince, each in their own way, wore and hid their grief. The old prince did not want to hope: he decided that Prince Andrei had been killed, and despite the fact that he sent an official to Austria to look for his son’s trace, he ordered a monument to him in Moscow, which he intended to erect in his garden, and told everyone that his son was killed. He tried to lead his previous lifestyle without changing, but his strength failed him: he walked less, ate less, slept less, and became weaker every day. Princess Marya hoped. She prayed for her brother as if he were alive and waited every minute for news of his return.

– Ma bonne amie, [My good friend,] - said the little princess on the morning of March 19th after breakfast, and her sponge with mustache rose according to an old habit; but just as in all not only smiles, but the sounds of speeches, even the gaits in this house since the day the terrible news was received, there was sadness, so now the smile of the little princess, who succumbed to the general mood, although she did not know its reason, was such that she reminded me even more of general sadness.
- Ma bonne amie, je crains que le fruschtique (comme dit Foka - the cook) de ce matin ne m "aie pas fait du mal. [My friend, I'm afraid that the current frishtik (as the cook Foka calls it) will make me feel bad. ]
– What’s wrong with you, my soul? You're pale. “Oh, you’re very pale,” said Princess Marya in fear, running up to her daughter-in-law with her heavy, soft steps.
- Your Excellency, should I send for Marya Bogdanovna? - said one of the maids who was here. (Marya Bogdanovna was a midwife from a district town who had been living in Bald Mountains for another week.)
“And indeed,” Princess Marya picked up, “perhaps for sure.” I'll go. Courage, mon ange! [Don't be afraid, my angel.] She kissed Lisa and wanted to leave the room.
- Oh, no, no! - And besides the pallor, the little princess’s face expressed children's fear inevitable physical suffering.
- Non, c"est l"estomac... dites que c"est l"estomac, dites, Marie, dites..., [No, this is the stomach... tell me, Masha, that this is the stomach...] - and the princess began to cry childishly, painfully, capriciously and even somewhat feignedly, wringing his little hands. The princess ran out of the room after Marya Bogdanovna.
- Mon Dieu! Mon Dieu! [My God! Oh my God!] Oh! – she heard behind her.
Rubbing her plump, small, white hands, the midwife was already walking towards her, with a significantly calm face.
- Marya Bogdanovna! It seems it has begun,” said Princess Marya, looking at her grandmother with frightened, open eyes.
“Well, thank God, princess,” said Marya Bogdanovna without increasing her pace. “You girls shouldn’t know about this.”
– But how come the doctor hasn’t arrived from Moscow yet? - said the princess. (At the request of Lisa and Prince Andrey, an obstetrician was sent to Moscow on time, and he was expected every minute.)
“It’s okay, princess, don’t worry,” said Marya Bogdanovna, “and without the doctor everything will be fine.”
Five minutes later, the princess heard from her room that they were carrying something heavy. She looked out - the waiters were carrying a leather sofa that was in Prince Andrei's office into the bedroom for some reason. There was something solemn and quiet on the faces of the people carrying them.
Princess Marya sat alone in her room, listening to the sounds of the house, occasionally opening the door when they passed by, and looking closely at what was happening in the corridor. Several women walked in and out with quiet steps, looked at the princess and turned away from her. She did not dare to ask, she closed the door, returned to her room, and then sat down in her chair, then took up her prayer book, then knelt down in front of the icon case. Unfortunately and to her surprise, she felt that prayer did not calm her anxiety. Suddenly the door of her room quietly opened and her old nanny Praskovya Savishna, tied with a scarf, appeared on the threshold; almost never, due to the prince’s prohibition, did not enter her room.
“I came to sit with you, Mashenka,” said the nanny, “but I brought the prince’s wedding candles to light in front of the saint, my angel,” she said with a sigh.
- Oh, I'm so glad, nanny.
- God is merciful, my dear. - The nanny lit candles entwined with gold in front of the icon case and sat down with the stocking by the door. Princess Marya took the book and began to read. Only when steps or voices were heard, the princess looked at each other in fear, questioningly, and the nanny. In all parts of the house the same feeling that Princess Marya experienced while sitting in her room was poured out and possessed everyone. According to the belief that the fewer people know about the suffering of a woman in labor, the less she suffers, everyone tried to pretend not to know; no one spoke about this, but in all the people, in addition to the usual sedateness and respect for good manners that reigned in the prince’s house, one could see one common concern, a softness of heart and an awareness of something great, incomprehensible, taking place at that moment.
No laughter could be heard in the big maid's room. In the waitress all the people sat and were silent, ready to do something. The servants burned torches and candles and did not sleep. The old prince, stepping on his heel, walked around the office and sent Tikhon to Marya Bogdanovna to ask: what? - Just tell me: the prince ordered me to ask what? and come tell me what she says.
“Report to the prince that labor has begun,” said Marya Bogdanovna, looking significantly at the messenger. Tikhon went and reported to the prince.
“Okay,” said the prince, closing the door behind him, and Tikhon no longer heard the slightest sound in the office. A little later, Tikhon entered the office, as if to adjust the candles. Seeing that the prince was lying on the sofa, Tikhon looked at the prince, at his upset face, shook his head, silently approached him and, kissing him on the shoulder, left without adjusting the candles or saying why he had come. The most solemn sacrament in the world continued to be performed. Evening passed, night came. And the feeling of expectation and softening of the heart in the face of the incomprehensible did not fall, but rose. Nobody was sleeping.

It was one of those March nights when winter seems to want to take its toll and pours out its last snows and storms with desperate anger. To meet the German doctor from Moscow, who was expected every minute and for whom a support was sent to the main road, to the turn to the country road, horsemen with lanterns were sent to guide him through the potholes and jams.
Princess Marya had left the book long ago: she sat silently, fixing her radiant eyes on the wrinkled, familiar to the smallest detail, face of the nanny: on a lock gray hair, escaped from under the scarf, onto the hanging bag of skin under the chin.
Nanny Savishna, with a stocking in her hands, in a quiet voice told, without hearing or understanding her own words, what had been told hundreds of times about how the late princess in Chisinau gave birth to Princess Marya, with a Moldavian peasant woman instead of her grandmother.
“God have mercy, you never need a doctor,” she said. Suddenly a gust of wind hit one of the exposed frames of the room (by the will of the prince, one frame was always displayed with larks in each room) and, knocking off the poorly closed bolt, fluttered the damask curtain, and, smelling cold and snow, blew out the candle. Princess Marya shuddered; The nanny, having put down the stocking, went to the window and leaned out and began to catch the folded frame. The cold wind ruffled the ends of her scarf and the gray, stray strands of hair.
- Princess, mother, someone is driving along the road ahead! - she said, holding the frame and not closing it. - With lanterns, it should be, doctor...
- Oh my God! God bless! - said Princess Marya, - we must go meet him: he doesn’t know Russian.
Princess Marya threw on her shawl and ran towards those traveling. When she passed the front hall, she saw through the window that some kind of carriage and lanterns were standing at the entrance. She went out onto the stairs. There was a tallow candle on the railing post and it was flowing from the wind. The waiter Philip, with a frightened face and another candle in his hand, stood below, on the first landing of the stairs. Even lower, around the bend, along the stairs, moving footsteps in warm boots could be heard. And some familiar voice, as it seemed to Princess Marya, said something.
- God bless! - said the voice. - And father?
“They’ve gone to bed,” answered the voice of the butler Demyan, who was already downstairs.
Then the voice said something else, Demyan answered something, and steps in warm boots began to approach faster along the invisible bend of the stairs. “This is Andrey! - thought Princess Marya. No, this cannot be, it would be too unusual,” she thought, and at the same moment as she was thinking this, on the platform on which the waiter stood with a candle, the face and figure of Prince Andrei appeared in a fur coat with a collar sprinkled with snow. Yes, it was him, but pale and thin, and with a changed, strangely softened, but alarming expression on his face. He walked onto the stairs and hugged his sister.
-You didn’t receive my letter? - he asked, and without waiting for an answer, which he would not have received, because the princess could not speak, he returned, and with the obstetrician, who entered after him (he met with him at the last station), with quick steps he again entered the the stairs and hugged his sister again. - What fate! - he said, “Dear Masha,” and, throwing off his fur coat and boots, he went to the princess’s quarters.

The little princess was lying on pillows, wearing a white cap. (Suffering had just released her.) Black hair curled in strands around her sore, sweaty cheeks; her rosy, lovely mouth with a sponge covered with black hairs was open, and she smiled joyfully. Prince Andrei entered the room and stopped in front of her, at the foot of the sofa on which she was lying. Brilliant eyes, looking childishly, scared and excited, stopped at him without changing their expression. “I love you all, I haven’t done harm to anyone, why am I suffering? help me,” her expression said. She saw her husband, but did not understand the significance of his appearance now before her. Prince Andrei walked around the sofa and kissed her on the forehead.
“My darling,” he said: a word he had never spoken to her. - God is merciful. “She looked at him questioningly, childishly and reproachfully.
“I expected help from you, and nothing, nothing, and you too!” - said her eyes. She wasn't surprised that he came; she did not understand that he had arrived. His arrival had nothing to do with her suffering and its relief. The torment began again, and Marya Bogdanovna advised Prince Andrei to leave the room.

Nazar Najmi (Nazar Nazmutdinovich Nazmutdinov) was born on February 5, 1918 in the village of Minishty, Dyurtyulinsky district. After graduating from the seven-year Minishta school, he studied for three years at the Ufa Metallurgical Workers' Faculty. In 1938 he entered the Bashkir State Pedagogical Institute. From the third year of institute he went to the front. He ended the war in Berlin. Awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree, Red Star and medals. After the front, he continued his studies at the university. After graduation, he worked in the editorial offices of the newspaper “Council of Bashkortostan” and the magazine “Agidel”; was the director of the academic drama theater; in 1955-59 - editor of the board of the Union of Writers of Bashkiria.
Literary activity started before the war; In 1950, the first book of poems, “Droplets,” was published. Then there were “Unexpected Rain”, “Earth and Song”, “Autumn Paths”, “Snow is Coming”, “Blue Mists” and others. Many songs have been written based on his poems: “I live in Nizhny Novgorod”, “Through Belaya”, “Linden trees of Ufa”, “Winter Romance” and others. Nazar Najmi also actively works in drama; he wrote “Farewell, Khairush”, “Spring Song”, “My Friend the Harmonist” and a number of other plays. The poet translated into Bashkir language individual chapters Alisher Navoi’s poem “Farhad and Shirin”, poems by A.S. Pushkin, M.Yu. Lermontov, N.A. Nekrasov, R. Gamzatov, K. Kuliev...
For services to the development of Bashkir literature and art, Nazar Najmi was awarded two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor, the Order of the October Revolution, he is a laureate of the Prize named after. S. Yulaeva. People's poet of Bashkortostan.
Died September 6, 1999. He was buried in the village of Minishty, Dyurtyulinsky district, where the Poet’s House of Creativity was opened. In the city of Dyurtyuli, a bust of the poet was erected in the park bearing his name.

Works by N. Najmi:

1. Kargysh (Utyrma kyzy): Tragedy. Och charshauda. Ikenche charshau // Kyzyl tan. - 2000. - February 5.
2. Durtoylo taraftary: Shigyir // Bashkortostan. - 1999. - October 29.
3. Yana shigyrler // Kazan utlary. - 1997. - 9. - b. 3-6.
4. Tatar hem bashkortlarga bagyshlangan shigyyr // Yashlek. - 1997. - June 26.
5. Kozen: Zeki Validi rukhina madkhiya // Bashkortostan. - 1997. - May 19.
6. Kilechegen bulmayachak, Tatar, utkenegne eger onytsan... : Shigyrler// Tulpar. - 1997. - 4. - b. 2-3.
7. Kunel burannary: Shigyrler //Agidel. - 1997. - 4. - b. 3-15.
8. Zhyr nichek tua? : her zhyrnyn uz chyganagi hem tarihi bar: Engeme // Kyzyl tan. - 1995. - December 21.
9. Ike Shigyr: “Zeki Validi katere yanynda”, “Istanbul” // Kyzyl tan. - 1995. - April 13.
10. Atay yorto. - Ofo, 1988. -264 b.
11. Neighbor on Fire: Poems and Poems. - M., 1985. -287 pp.
12. Invitation to a friend. -M.: Soviet Russia, 1984. -272 s.
13. Breathing: Lyrics. -Ufa, 1976. -192 p.

Publications about him:

1. Idrisov R. Poet with a bright soul: To the 90th anniversary of N. Najmi // Tulpar. - 2008. - No. 2. - p. 4-7.
2. Galiev M. Urtak shagyrebez: Nazhar Nezhminen tuuyna 82 ate // Omet. - 2000. - February 5.
3. Shafikova K. Ike was: Nazhar Nezhmi hem Engem Atnabaevnyn yakty istelegene bagyshlangan shigyr // Omet. - 2000. - January 5.
4. Kinyebulatova K. Zaman oson yangan, yanalgan //Bashkortostan. - 1999. - December 28.
5. Kinyebulatova K. Ozeldeme elle monly zhyr: Nazar Nezhmige bagyshlangan shigyyr // Kyzyl tan. - 1999. - October 28.
6. Fazletdinov I. Isemen menge halyk kunelende: Nazhar Nezhmige taktash achyldy // Omet. - 1999. - October 19.
7. Bashkortostannyn halyk shagyyre Nazhar Nezhminen vafatyna - 40 horse // Kyzyl tan. - 1999. - October 16.
8. Gabidullina F. Siregaya utly kesheler: Halyk shagyyre N. Nezhmi yashegan yortka istelekle mayrmer takta kueldy // Kyzyl tan. - 1999. - October 16.
9. Timershin R. Ball courts turanda ballad: N. Nezhminen uluene 40 kon // Omet. - 1999. - October 16.
10. Mengelekke kala kunelde: Ezebiyatebezzen, ruhietebbezzen altyn baganalyrynyn berehe N. Nezhmi menen behilleshuge - 40 kon// Bashkortostan. - 1999. - October 15.
11. Timbikova K. Kunel haman hat kote: Author una N. Nezhminen songy hatlar turanda yaza // Madeni - zhomga. - 1999. - 40.41. - p.14.
12. Gabidullina F. Nazhar Nezhmi belen khushlashu // Kyzyl tan. - 1999. - September 8.
13. Bashkortostan halky striker shagyyren yugaltty... // Kyzyl tan. - 1999. - September 7.
14. Ul uzene heykel kuya aldy - balkyrzayn yyrzar nurynan: Bashkortostandyn halyk shaghyry N. Nezhmige - 80 yesh // Yashlek. - 1998. - February 7.
15. Valeev Ya. His talent is multifaceted: To the 80th anniversary of the birth of N. Najmi // Yuldash. - 1998. - February 24.
16. Sharipov Kh. Glorious son of the land of Dyurtyulinskaya: To the 80th anniversary of the birth of N. Nadzhmi // Yuldash. - 1998. - February 24.
17. Nazar Najmi // Bashkortostan: Concise encyclopedia. -Ufa, 1996. - p.421.
18. Akhmetova G. Poetry of Nazar Najmi and music. // Origins. - 1996. - No. 18. - p. 4.
19. Eshel Ekhmet-Khuzha. Nazar Nezhmige: Shigyr // Yashlek. - 1994. - May 21.
20. Mohabbatnen kilgenen min toyam: N. Nezhminen izhat laboratorysenda // Omet. -1993. -6 February.
21. Berg Gomer zhitmi ikan...: N. Nazhminen 75-ellygyna materiallar // Kyzyl tan. - 1993. -5 February.