Mineral water, obtained from natural sources, has long been considered valuable product. She can not only get drunk, but also be cured of many diseases.

Mineral natural water does not need additional cleaning. It can disrupt the original composition and unique natural properties. Such water is obtained from registered sources ( wells), and has certain composition chemical elements and minerals.

Drinking mineral waters include those that contain ion-salt, gas and biologically active ingredients. This type of mineral water has on a person therapeutic effect. Therefore, they are called medicinal or medical table.

Mineral water is distinguished by its chemical composition into several types: chloride, sulfate and hydrocarbonate. In addition to the main ones, there are also mixed options. For example, sulfate-hydrocarbonate, hydrocarbonate-chloride and the like. Exists mineral water and with content biologically active substances, such as iodine, calcium, fluorine. The chemical composition determines the taste of mineral water. For example, mineral water containing magnesium sulfate has a bitter taste, while water containing chlorides is salty. The most pleasant taste is considered to be mineral water, which contains hydrocarbonate substances in its composition. On the label with such water, you can see the names hydrocarbonate-sodium, sulfate-hydrocarbonate, hydrocarbonate-chloride, and so on.

Hydrocarbonate mineral water contains more than 600 milligrams of bicarbonates ( mineral salts) per 1 litre. Doctors recommend drinking such water to people suffering from urolithiasis, cystitis. It is also useful for people involved in sports, infants. Patients with gastritis bicarbonate mineral water is contraindicated.

sulfate mineral water called the one, in the composition of one liter of which contains more than 200 milligram sulfate. This water is recommended to drink in diseases such as obesity, gastritis, chronic hepatitis, diabetes and diseases biliary tract. Favorably affects the restoration of the functions of the gallbladder and liver. Sulphated mineral water laxative effect, and thereby removes various toxins and other toxins from the human body. harmful substances. Sulfates reduce the absorption of calcium, so mineral water of this type is not recommended for children and adolescents.

Chloride water is mineral water that contains more than 100% per liter. 200 milligram chloride. Drinking such water is recommended for disorders digestive system. It has a good effect on the restoration of the intestines, liver and biliary tract. Restores metabolic processes, improves secretion small intestine, stomach and pancreas. Not allowed for high blood pressure.

In addition to the above, there are also mixed mineral waters, which contain several chemical substances. When using it in medicinal purposes, such water gives greater efficiency.

Mineral waters, natural origin, depending on the composition in medicinal purpose are divided into balneological groups:

• carbonic mineral waters (dissolved carbon dioxide is present in their composition);


• mineral water that does not have specific properties and components ( medicinal property determined by the ionic composition and degree of mineralization);


• sulfide mineral waters (as part of more contains sulfides).


• radioactive mineral waters;


• mineral waters containing iron, arsenic and polymetals;


• siliceous thermal waters;


• thermal mineral waters;


• mineral waters with great content organic substances.

The intake of mineral water for medicinal purposes must be prescribed by the attending physician, since its medicinal properties are determined chemical composition, temperature, etc. In addition to determining the type of mineral water, the frequency of intake, the amount of water and its temperature are necessarily assigned. Do not drink mineral water in unlimited quantities. Different organisms react to the same species in different ways, so the rule must be observed: “ don't overdo it". Excessive consumption can lead to a number of complications - dizziness, sleep disturbance, irritability, etc.

Mineral water a certain kind has both indications and contraindications. They are always listed on the bottle label. In addition, mineral water should not be consumed during periods of exacerbation. However, it is best to get advice from your doctor.

Which normal amount consumed mineral water? For healthy person Professor A. S. Vishnevsky proposed a simple calculation by body weight. For example, if a person weighs 100 kg, then his maximum single dose 300 ml, that is, 3 ml per kilogram of weight is taken. It's not an axiom not excluded different kind variations.

How to choose mineral water.

To facilitate the choice of mineral water for treatment, we present a list of mineral waters, where, in addition to the name, the maximum possible information about the product. If you have a question about the composition and purpose of water, then the site has a smart Google search and two simple site searches. By entering a question into them, for example:

• Hydrocarbonate mineral waters.
• Alkaline mineral waters.
• Acidic mineral waters…

Or let's say a question related to illness

• Alkaline mineral water for pancreatitis.
• Mineral water for urolithiasis.
• Mineral water for gout. ...and other sores that interest you, then as a result of the request you will receive an answer that, I hope, will satisfy you.

pH value.

• Strongly acidic (pH less than 3.5),
• acidic (pH 3.5-5.5),
• slightly acidic (pH 5.5-6.4),
• neutral (pH 6.5-7.4),
• slightly alkaline (pH 7.5-8.5),
• alkaline (pH 8.5 to 9.5)
• pH>9.5 - highly alkaline water

Why is it important to know the pH of the water you drink? The shortest answer, so as not to unbalance your body. Because the average blood pH 7,4 , and the extreme values ​​of 6.8 and 7.8 lead to lethal outcome. You must know what water to drink so that the pH of the blood is in the region of 7.36 to 7.44. Also know our entire body outside has an acidic environment to kill germs. The skin is acidic, the mucous membranes of the mouth and nose are acidic, the mucous membranes of the eyes are acidic, the environment auricles sour. By the way, soap is therefore alkaline, so that there would be a reaction. It is believed that for recovery processes in the body, water must have either a neutral pH - balance. Therefore, if you do not have health problems or do not want to harm it, you should drink natural table water with a neutral pH. And this is usually a key, well, glacial (from the mountains), artesian without any attachments, such as a medical dining room. Highlanders therefore live a long time, since water from glaciers has an average pH of 7

Degree of mineralization

(the amount of substances dissolved in water). Weak (up to 1-2 g/l), small (2-5 g/l), medium (5-15 g/l), high (13-30 g/l), brine (35-150 g/l) , strong brine (over 150 g/l).

Acidic mineral waters

What mineral water is alkaline

Neutral mineral water

Other waters

"Arji" or "Zheleznovodskaya special".

Sulfate-hydrocarbonate sodium medical-table low-mineralized 2.5–5.0 g/l mineral water.

• cystitis,
• urethritis,
• pyelonephritis,
• pancreatitis,
• gastritis
• esophagitis
• ulcer
• diseases liver,
• gallbladder and bile ducts.
• syndrome irritated bowel,
• dyskinesia
• sugar diabetes,
• obesity.

Borskaya.

Sulfate-chloride sodium medical-table mineral water

Chemical composition

• gastritis,
• colitis,
• enteritis,
• pancreatitis
• liver,
• gallbladder and bile ducts ways.
• sugar diabetes,
• uric acid diathesis,
• obesity,
• oxaluria.

"Berezovskaya"

Ferrous low-mineralized bicarbonate calcium-sodium-magnesium water.

Used in the treatment

• ulcers
• chronic gastritis and with secretory insufficiency,
• chronic colitis and enterocolitis a,
• diseases hepatic and,
• dyskinesia biliary tract,
• obesity,
• sugar diabetes,
• oxaluria,
• chronic pyelonephritis a,
• chronic cystitis a.

Water of Eden, Neviot, Ein Gedi

Table natural mineral waters produced in the State of Israel.

"Volzhanka"

Therapeutic table mineral water, with a high content of organic matter 5-10 g/l. Belong to the type of sulfate-hydrocarbonate magnesium-calcium. Low-mineralized 0.9 - 1.2 g/dm3.

Used in the treatment

• inflammatory processes in organs and tissues, especially kidneys, urinary and biliary tracts, liver, intestines,
• gallbladder and endocrine glands,
• Displays small stones and sand from the kidneys, gallbladder, urinary and biliary tract.
• Improves the work of local nerve and endocrine cells,
• regulating motility and secretion gastrointestinal tract, liver and pancreas.
• normalizes metabolism,
• Improves and has a beneficial effect on gastrointestinal tract and pancreas oh gland.
  "Volzhanka" is also diuretic, choleretic.

"Gelendzhikskaya"

Chloride-hydrocarbonate (hydrocarbonate-chloride) sodium low-mineralized 1.0 to 2.0 g/l medical table mineral water.

• cystitis,
• urethritis,
• pyelonephritis,
• pancreatitis,
• gastritis with normal, low and high acidity.
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease,
• esophagitis
• ulcer stomach and duodenum.
• diseases liver,
• irritable syndrome intestines,
• dyskinesia of the intestines, liver, gallbladder and biliary tract
• sugar diabetes,
• obesity
• violation salt and lipid exchange.
  Doctors recommend for better absorption probiotics with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp.

"Mountain Spring"

– mineral medical-dining room, bicarbonate calcium (magnesium-calcium) that has undergone mechanical cleaning.
(if there are no exacerbations) of the following diseases:

• ulcers venous disease of the stomach,
• duodenum.
• chronic pancreatitis,
• hepatitis,
• colitis.
• digestive organs.

Mountain Glade.

Gornaya Polyana - mineral water - medical-table mineral water of low mineralization, can be used for cooking. You can drink at any age.

Jemruk

Water from Armenia, supplied not only to the Kremlin comrades, but is exported to more than 40 countries. Refers to hydrocarbonate-sulfate-sodium-silicon waters.

The uniqueness of water lies in the fact that it contains rare elements with high biological activity.

• chronic alcoholism,
• iron deficiency anemia,
• obesity
• gout e,
• chronic diseases liver and biliary tract,
• hepatitis Oh,
• dyskinesia and biliary tract
• chronic pancreatitis e,
• chronic disease kidney,
• chronic gastritis a,
• ulcers e stomach and duodenum,
• chronic colitis and enterocolitis, cholecystitis,
• sugar diabetes e. And also for
• fortifications immune systems s.

Dovolenskaya.

"Dovolenskaya" - - sodium chloride bromine medicinal table mineral water.

Chemical composition

Additionally:
Bromine (Br-) = 10-35
Mineralization = 6.0-8.4 g/l

An analogue of the waters "Borjomi", "Essentuki". Is different high in iodine . recommended for treatment

• chronic cholecystitis,
• gastritis and
• duodenitis with secretory insufficiency, as well as with preserved and increased secretion;
• chronic constipation due to dykinesia of the colon,
• irritable syndrome colon;
• disease prevention thyroid gland s and
• development dementia in children;

"Essentuki No. 4"

Chloride-hydrocarbonate (hydrocarbonate-chloride) sodium, boric mineral water, medical table.

Used for treatment and prevention

• Chronic gastritis,
• colitis,
• enterocolitis,
• pancreatitis
• ulcers
• diseases liver and
• bile ducts;
• hepatitis,
• cholecystitis,
• antiocholite
• diabetes,
• obesity
• uric acid diathesis,
• oscaluria,
• phosphaturia
• gout.
• cleanses the body from slag,
• renders choleretic and diuretic action.

"Essentuki No. 17"

Water acts on the body, like Essentuki No. 4. The only difference is that Essentuki No. 17 has a higher concentration of minerals and belongs to the group medicinal mineral waters. Therefore, drink it only for diseases, and doses of mineral water must be carefully selected.

Therapeutic chloride-hydrocarbonate sodium, boron natural drinking mineral water is highly mineralized.

• violation salt and lipid exchange
• diabetes,
• obesity
• chronic pancreatitis,
• gastritis with normal and low acidity
• diseases liver,
• gallbladder and biliary tract
• irritable bowel syndrome
• dyskinesia intestines

"Essentuki No. 20"

Hydrocarbonate sodium-calcium table drinking mineral water. As a rule, it can be a blend from various sources, therefore it is not a natural mineral water. Therefore, its composition depends on the wells where it was mined.

"Essentuki No. 2 New"

Therapeutic-table chloride-hydrocarbonate sulfate-sodium, low-mineralized drinking mineral water. Is an blending of two wells.

• chronic pyelonephritis,
• cystitis,
• urethritis,
• pancreatitis,
• colitis and enterocolitis,
• gastritis and with normal, low and high acidity
• ulcers
• diseases after stomach surgery
• disease liver,
• gallbladder and biliary tract

"Healing Essentuki"

Therapeutic-table bicarbonate-sulfate-chloride sodium, siliceous natural drinking mineral water of medium mineralization.

• chronic pyelonephritis,
• cystitis,
• urethritis,
• pancreatitis,
• gastritis with normal and high acidity
• urolithiasis,
• diabetes,
• obesity
• syndrome irritable bowel
• ulcers s stomach and duodenum
• gastroesophageal reflux disease,
• esophagitis
• violation salt and lipid exchange.

"Essentuki New 55" and "Essentuki Gornaya"

- are bicarbonate-sodium mineral natural fresh drinking table waters. You can drink to strengthen the body for a long time.

"Irkutsk".

Therapeutic-table hydrocarbonate-sulfate-chloride magnesium-sodium-calcium mineral natural water.

Used in the treatment and prevention

• problems digestive organs.
• metabolic disorders;
• diseases gastrointestinal tract;
• For problems in genitourinary system.

"Kashinskaya"

Crimean.

"Krymskaya" hydrocarbonate-chloride sodium medical-table mineral drinking water.

Main ionic composition:

• bicarbonate HCO3– - 600–950
• sulfate SO42− - 100–150
• chloride Cl− - 500–600.
• calcium Ca2+ -<25
• magnesium Mg2+ -<10
• sodium + potassium Na+ + K+ - 650–750

• gastritis with normal gastric secretion, with reduced gastric secretion;
• not complicated ulcers venous disease of the stomach and duodenum,
• diseases of the operated stomach and duodenum,
• diseases of the operated stomach, in connection with peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum,
• chronic colitis and enterocolitis;
• chronic diseases liver and
• biliary tract,
• hepatitis,
• dyskenesia biliary tract,
• cholecystitis,
• angiocholitis different etiologies without a tendency to frequent complications,
• postcholecystectomy syndromes,
• chronic pancreatitis;
• sugar diabetes,
• obesity,
• gout,
• uric acid diathesis,
• oxaluria,
• phosphaturia,
• chronic diseases kidneys and urinary tract,
• disease metabolism.

"Kurtyaevskaya".

"Kurtyaevskaya" - drinking mineral water, medical and table carbonated, the degree of mineralization - from 2 to 4 g / dm3.

Applies to the following.

• decline acidity gastric juice.
• improve secretion small intestine stomach,
• pancreas.
• Recovery cookies and
• gallbladder.
• in diseases biliary tract,
• chronic hepatitis,
• sugar diabetes,
• obesity.
• Increases selection bile
• declining cholesterol in blood and bile
• creates the right pressure in tissue and interstitial body fluids.

"Kuyalnik"

Therapeutic table sodium chloride mineral water. Kuyalnik mineral water stimulates secretion and motility stomach, intestines, biliary systems and pancreas.

Used in the treatment

• Chronic pyelonephritis,
• pancreatitis and with exocrine insufficiency,
• gastritis with reduced and preserved acid-forming function of the stomach in the stage of fading exacerbation, unstable and persistent remission, non-calculous cholecystitis;
• fatty hepatosis;
• benign hyperbilirubinemia;
• diseases stomach and duodenum with symptoms of hypotonic dyskinesia;
• postcholecystectomy syndrome;
• dyskinesia biliary tract and gallbladder;
• irritable syndrome intestines(no diarrhoea).

Contraindication when drinking "Kuyalnik"

• Cancer of the digestive system
• Crohn's disease;
• acute and subacute pancreatitis;
• chronic gastritis with increased acid-forming in the stomachs;
• acute hepatitis in the active stage;
• cholangitis;
• chronic enteritis and colitis in the acute stage
• post-gastroresection disorders;
• nonspecific ulcerative colitis.

"Lysogorskaya" (Mineral waters of Zheleznovodsk.)

Chloride-sulfate, magnesium-sodium medicinal mineral water.

Used for treatment and prevention.

1. Chronic diseases of the digestive organs:

• Chronic gastritis: with normal, increased, decreased secretory function of the stomach;
• Diseases of the large intestine of an inflammatory nature, occurring with sluggish peristalsis, a tendency to constipation, flatulence (chronic colitis);
• Functional disorders of the large intestine.

2. Chronic diseases of the liver and biliary tract:

• Inflammatory liver diseases (hepatitis) of various etiologies;
• Diseases of the gallbladder - cholecystitis of various origins;
• Cholelithiasis;
• Diseases of the biliary tract;
• Mild forms of cirrhosis of the liver.

3. Metabolic disorders and diseases:

• Obesity I - II degree of various origins;
• mild forms of diabetes;
• Violation of water-salt metabolism;
• Gouty diathesis and gout.

Mode of application

During the rehabilitation of patients with irritable bowel syndrome, Lysogorskaya mineral water is prescribed as a means of stimulating the intestines. Hydrocarbonate ions contained in mineral water inhibit AMP-dependent phosphorylation of glycolytic and lipolytic enzymes. As a result, the secretion of hydrochloric acid decreases. Deficiency of hydrogen ions inhibits the formation of pepsins, gastrin and secretin and enhances intestinal motility. Sulfate ions in the intestine are practically not absorbed, but increase its motor function, having a laxative effect. Calcium and magnesium ions enhance the contractile function of the smooth muscle elements of the intestinal walls and restore its motor activity. Naphthenes, humins, bitumens and phenols are quickly absorbed into the blood in the stomach and in the upper sections of the small intestine, activate the intestinal microflora and contribute to the production of antibacterial and biologically active components.

• For bowel diseases with constipation, mineral water is taken 3 times a day, 250 ml each 45 minutes before meals and at night (about 2 bottles a day). The water temperature is 18-24 degrees Celsius.
• The same with obesity. And limited intake of other fluids and table salt.
• In case of metabolic disorders - reception in the same mode as in intestinal diseases.
• In case of liver and biliary diseases, by taking 150 ml of mineral water in the same mode. When receiving bottled water, degassing is performed in a water bath at t - 40 degrees Celsius.
• When receiving bottled water, degassing is performed in a water bath at a temperature of 40 degrees Celsius. If not possible, use mechanical degassing or natural degassing, i.e. just leave the bottle open. Try not to use metal cutlery for stirring.

"Malkinskaya-1"

Healing water. Malkinskaya is the main water of Kamchatka. At a depth of 610 m, an underground river flows in a layer of chalk rocks that are over 100 million years old. The famous water is extracted from this river. When carbonated, the gas that is released from mineral water during its extraction is used. That is, we drink exactly the water that came out of the well.

Malkinskaya is close in properties to Borjomi water - chloride-hydro-carbonate-sodium medicinal water with a mineralization of 4.4 g / l.

They are used for treatment and prevention if there are no exacerbations of the following diseases.

• chronic diseases gastritis with decreased and increased secretory function of the stomach, and
• urinary tract.
• Colitis,
• uric acid diathesis,
• oxaluria.
• Sugar diabetes,
• obesity.
• Phosphaturia,
• pancreatitis.

It is not recommended for diseases in the acute period, as well as for complications - blockage of the bile ducts and purulent processes in the bile ducts, requiring inpatient treatment or surgery, motor insufficiency of the stomach with a tendency to bleeding, suspicion of cancerous degeneration, narrowing of the esophagus or pylorus of the stomach, sharp prolapse of the stomach, ulcerative processes in the intestines, bleeding hemorrhoids, decompensation of cardiac activity in obesity, a tendency to acidosis in diabetes. Ingestion of alkaline mineral waters with an alkaline reaction of urine is also not justified in order to avoid aggravating the violation of the acid-base balance in the body (to Professor N. A. Gavrikov).

It is also recommended to wipe the skin with this water, especially for fashionistas who often use cosmetics. If slightly heated and release gas, you can rinse your nose with a runny nose and or gargle with a sore throat (+ a few drops of lemon juice)

A feature is the content of trace elements - SELENIUM A. Silene is a strong antioxidant, which means it rejuvenates the body, treats cardiovascular diseases, and prevents cancer.

"Maltinskaya" - medical dining room.

sulfate-chloride calcium-sodium, total mineralization 1.6-3.1 mg / l.

Chemical composition (mg/dm3):

• chlorides 600 - 1100
• sulfates 300 - 550
• bicarbonates 200 - 350
• sodium-potassium 400 - 750
• magnesium less than 100
• calcium 100 - 250

Nabeglavi

It is a carbonic bicarbonate-sodium mineral water. Close in medicinal properties to Borjomi. Nabeglavi water belongs to sodium borjomi waters according to the classification "Mineral drinking medicinal and medicinal table waters" developed by the Ministry of Health of Russia, and complies with GOST 13273 - 88.

The difference of magnesium in Nabeglavi is 3 times more than in Borjomi, and chlorine is 3 times less, the level of sulfates exceeds the degree of sulfate - ions of the source of Borjomi.

drink 2 times in 7 days drink 1 glass.

Nagutskaya-26.

Narzan.

A feature is that with a relatively low mineralization of 2.0-3.0 g/l, the composition contains more than 20 minerals and trace elements, which does not change for a long time.

"Narzan" - medical-table sulfate-hydrocarbonate sodium-magnesium-calcium natural drinking mineral water. Due to its properties, Narzan stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid by the parietal cells of the stomach, because of this it helps those with low stomach acidity.

Indications for the treatment of the following diseases.

• irritable bowel syndrome
• intestinal dyskinesia
• chronic pancreatitis
• postcholecystectomy syndrome
• diabetes
• obesity
• chronic pyelonephritis
• urolithiasis disease
• chronic cystitis
• chronic urethritis.

The main thing is about the methods of treatment with Narzan.

Mineral water "Narzan" stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid by the parietal cells of the stomach, therefore it is used as a remedy for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with low secretion (atrophic gastritis and others), its action is not very effective and duration of action. To stimulate secretion, Narzan is drunk warm 15–20 minutes before meals.

Treatment regimens in the rehabilitation of patients with chronic gastritis due to the peculiarities of the secretory and motor-evacuation functions of the stomach. Sodium ions Na + and potassium K + contained in the mineral water "Narzan" increase the secretion of hydrochloric acid by activating the transport of sodium ions Na + through the apical membranes of the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa. With the hypokinetic type of motor function, a significant amount of liquid is prescribed (more than 5 ml / kg of body weight). Taking "Narzan" at a temperature of 20-25 ° C stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid and gastrointestinal peptides (especially gastrin), enhances gastric motility by increasing the tone of the pylorus, reducing duodenogastric reflux. It is recommended to drink "Narzan" 3 ml/kg of body weight (75-100 ml), at a water temperature of 20-25°C, 15-20 minutes before meals in small sips, slowly, drink 3-4 times a day, repeated courses through 4–6 months

"NATALIA" (Polyustrovskiye vody)

Calcium natural - table water. Contains an increased and harmonious composition magnesium and calcium 1:3 at which calcium is better absorbed.

"NATALIA - 2" (Polyustrovskiye vody)

drinking table water is intended for drinking and cooking. Tea and coffee prepared on this water are especially delicious.

Nizhne-Ivkinskaya No. 2K (Mineral waters of Vyatka).

"Okhtinskaya" (Polyustrovskiye vody)

belongs to the sodium chloride group.

Used for the treatment and prevention of chronic diseases:

• gastritis and
• pancreatitis,
• liver and
• biliary tract,
• ulcers venous disease of the stomach and duodenum,
• colitis and enterocolitis
• Normalization metabolism.

"Polustrovo".

Therapeutic table chloride-hydrocarbonate, sodium, ferruginous natural drinking mineral water. Weakly mineralized glandular. Value pH=6.23, which indicates water is not alkaline, but refers to slightly acidic waters, on the border with neutral.

The composition contains an element - ferrous ferrous iron. The iron content is 60 - 65 mg / l. According to manufacturers, iron is absorbed by 100%.

Composition of Polustrovo water

pH - 6.23

Total Mineralization (TDS): 400 – 700 mg/l

Calcium (Ca++): < 50 mg/l

Magnesium (Mg++): < 50 mg/l

Sodium (Na+): < 100 mg/l

Bicarbonates (HCO3-): 80 – 150 mg/l

Chlorides (Cl-): < 150 mg/l

Sulphates (SO4–): < 350

Iron (Fe + +): 60 – 70 mg/l

They are used for the treatment and prevention of glandular deficiency anemia. According to laboratory studies, the water "Polustrovo" in its composition similar to blood plasma.
V rachi recommend:

• to increase the level of hemoglobin in the blood,
• strengthening the immune system.
• relieve fatigue.
• it is recommended to drink "Polyustrovo" for women during pregnancy and after childbirth, when the body's need for iron is high.

For preventive purposes, water is drunk in courses. Preferably in early spring or late fall. The course is 21-28 days. During the course, water should be drunk 1-1.5 cups 3 times a day 40-60 minutes before meals. A second course is carried out after 4-6 months. In order to preserve tooth enamel, water is drunk through a straw, after releasing the bubbles.

Historical note a - during the blockade, the survival rate of people living in the pole region was higher, since they drank local water from an underground source.

"ROSINKA - 2", "KEY" (Polyustrovskiye vody)

– drinking table water is intended for drinking and cooking.

Growled-su.

Therapeutic table chloride-hydrocarbonate sodium natural mineral water.

• thyroid glands.
• improves intra-hepatic blood flow,
• accelerates bile secretion,
• gastritis,
• colitis,
• pancreatitis
• gout,
• goiter,
• obesity,
• diabetes.
• viral hepatitis A,
• deficit iodine.

Growling-su rejuvenates and cleanses the body of toxins.

"Sairme"

Hydrocarbonate calcium-sodium, medicinal table natural mineral water.

Used for treatment and prevention

• Diseases esophagus
• Chronic gastritis with increased and normal gastric secretions
• ulcers
• Diseases intestines and liver,
• pancreatic glands
• biliary paths and bubble
• Strengthens bone system
• Raises immunity
• slows down sclerotically x processes

"Slavyanovskaya" and "Smirnovskaya" (Mineral waters of Zheleznovodsk.)

are similar and refer to sulfate-hydrocarbonate, calcium-sodium (magnesium-sodium) medicinal table mineral waters.

Used for treatment.

• ulcer venous disease of the stomach and duodenum,
• Chronic colitis a,
• diseases liver,
• gastritis.
• biliary and urinary tract,
• diseases metabolism. Also
• raises body resistance from an unfavorable external environment.
• Helps with poisoning(alcoid).

Soluki

Therapeutic table water of medium mineralization 3-5 g/dm³.

It is sulfate-chloride, chloride-sulfate calcium-sodium water without biologically active components.

Used in the treatment of:

• chronic pancreatitis a,
• diseases kidney and
• urinary tract
• stomach ulcers,
• gastritis,
• hepatitis.
• diseases liver,
• biliary tract,
• cholecystitis ov.
• normalize work intestines and stomach.
• Beneficial effect on peristalsis of the intestines.

Uleimskaya (magnesium)

Low-mineralized chloride-sulfate calcium-sodium mineral drinking medicinal table water.

Used in the treatment outside the exacerbation phase,

• infections.
• chronic colitis and
• enterocolitis,
• gastritis with normal, increased and decreased secretory function of the stomach;
• urine excretory tract,
• pancreatitis.
• liver and
• biliary tract:
• hepatitis,
• cholecystitis,
• angiocholitis,
• cholecystitis calculus
• Postcholecystectomy syndrome

"Uglichskaya"

Cheboksary.

"Cheboksarskaya-1" chloride-sulfate-sodium low-mineralized medical-table mineral natural water.

Chvizhepse.

"Chvizhepsinskaya", "Bear's Corner" and "Krasnaya Polyana" waters under different names, but from the same source. Plus, water from the Chvizhepsna spring is mixed with water from the Plastunskoye deposit. Its names are Chvizhepse, Achishkho-6 and Achishkho-7.

Water of weak mineralization. Many are confused about what kind of water it is, this is due to 2 wells. One produces carbon dioxide arsenic water bicarbonate, sodium-calcium type similar to "Arzni" and "Narzan", in another carbonate bicarbonate calcium-sodium arsenic water similar to Borjomi and Sairme
Due to the increased content iron, boron and lithium used in the treatment

• stomach secretion
• water-salt balance
• Liver and pancreas
• hematopoiesis
• From oxygen deficiency.
• body immunity.
• iron deficiency anemia.
• Neutralizes heavy metals.
• nervous system disorders
• musculoskeletal system

"Shmakovskaya"

Hydrocarbonate magnesium-calcium medical-table mineral water.

Used for the treatment and prevention of:

• ulcers chronic diseases of the stomach and duodenum;
• obesity;
• gastritis;
• diabetes;
• disease kidney;
• disease rectum.

Elbrus.

Chloride-hydrocarbonate calcium-sodium, boric, ferruginous, siliceous medicinal-table mineral water from well No. 2 of the Elbrus deposit, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.

Chemical composition mg / l.

• bicarbonate HCO3– 1200–1500
• sulfate SO42- less than 100
• chloride Cl − 150–300
• calcium Ca2+ 100–200
• magnesium Mg2+ less than 100
• sodium Na+ + potassium K+ 400–600
• iron 10–40

• cystitis,
• urethritis,
• pyelonephritis,
• pancreatitis,
• gastritis with normal, low and high acidity.
• gastroesophageal reflux disease,
• esophagitis
• ulcer stomach and duodenum.
• diseases liver, gallbladder and biliary tract.
• irritable syndrome guts,
• dyskinesia intestines, liver, gallbladder and biliary tract
• sugar diabetes,
• obesity
• violation salt and lipid exchange.

Gerolsteiner.

"Gerolsteiner" chemical composition

• Calcium - 348 mg/l
• Magnesium - 108 mg/l
• Potassium - 11 mg/l
• Chlorides - 40 mg/l
• Sulphates - 38 mg/l
• Bicarbonate - 1816 mg/l

Perrier

Chemical composition.

• Calcium - 155 mg/l
• Magnesium - 6.8 mg/l
• Sodium - 11.8 mg/l
• Chlorides - 25 mg/l
• Sulphates - 46.1 mg/l
• Bicarbonates - 445 mg/l

Jamnica (Yamnitsa)

Natural carbonated table water, with low mineralization. Suitable for frequent use.

The Trans-Baikal Territory is rich in springs: Molokovka, Karpovka, Darasun, Shivanda, Yamkun. In the days of the USSR, they tried to build medical institutions next to the wells. One of the most famous nowadays sanatorium " Darasun» . Residents of Buryatia and Chita like to come here for medical treatment. Until recently, local residents saw only mineral water on the shelves "Cook", now there is more choice, other brands have appeared - “Darasun”, “Yamarovka”, “Aksha”, “Uletovskaya”. In general, there are more than 300 mineral springs in this region, so there is room to grow. Let's briefly describe the most popular waters.

"Darasun"

Drink if you are anemic and lack iron. Water belongs to the group bicarbonate alkaline earth carbonic waters and used as drinking water. This mineral water with a mineralization of about 2 g / l, carbon dioxide - 3.2 g / l with high content of iron salts. Doctors recommend drinking with:

- chronic gastritis,
- uncomplicated gastric and duodenal ulcer,
– chronic colitis and enterocolitis,
chronic hepatitis, cholecystitis,
- diabetes,
- urolithiasis disease,
- disease of the circulatory system,
- iron deficiency anemia.

"Kuka Resort"

Natural medicinal table mineral water of group IV, hydrocarbonate magnesium-calcium, sodium-magnesium-calcium. Natural gassing (used to be, now it is not clear), is often called the local Narzan.

Cook can help with the following diseases - urolithiasis, pyelonephritis, chronic diseases of the liver and urinary tract, colitis, diabetes, as well as diseases of the stomach and duodenum. Drink water, depending on the acidity of gastric juice, 250 g 25-30 minutes before meals 3 times a day.

• with low acidity 15-20 minutes before meals, heated to + 15 ° C, + 20 ° C;
• With normal acidity 30 minutes before meals, heated to + 30 ° C;
• With increased acidity 45-60 minutes before a meal, heated to + 40 ° C, + 50 ° C.

Note that enterprises releasing water are required to comply with the requirements of the SES. This means that water is treated with filters, etc. and some of the benefits do not reach the consumer. An easy way to determine whether the water is ferruginous or not was suggested by readers - if mineral water turns yellow after 2, 3 days after opening, then this water is natural and with iron. Therefore, if possible, collect water yourself, based on the following scientific information. The ferruginous waters of Transbaikalia are divided into two groups. Waters belong to the 1-0th, iron comes from the reduction of hydroxides with carbon dioxide, which is formed during the oxidation of organic matter - the sources of the Ust-Selenga depression. These waters belong to loose Quaternary deposits, with a high content of organic matter. The amount of iron in the waters reaches 0.05-0.06 g/dm 3 . The waters are slightly alkaline (pH 6.0-6.8) with a mineralization of 0.5 g/dm 3 . The 2nd group includes waters enriched with iron as a result of the oxidation of sulfides (Daban-Gorkhon, Marakta springs). The anionic composition of waters depends on the composition of host rocks. The content of iron in hydrocarbonate waters is low and reaches 0.025-0.030 g/dm 3 , in sulfate waters it can reach 0.1 g/dm 3 . The mineralization of waters is up to 1.2 g/dm3, and the pH of the waters ranges from strongly acidic (pH 4.0) to neutral and alkaline.
The most famous ferruginous springs are: Khon-gor-Ulla (Kharagun river), Zhargalantai (Urik river basin) and Khandagai-Shuulun (Oka river basin), Ulan-Bulak Urulyunguyevsky, (Argun river basin), Upper Zhuisky source located in the river valley. Chew, lion. tributary Chara.

Sulfate magnesium mineral waters.

Recently, people have become interested in sulfate-magnesium mineral waters. The popularity of searching for information about these waters is easily explained. With the help of magnesium sulphate water, patients want to solve a delicate problem, namely constipation. Of course, this water will help in this problem, just do not overdo it with treatment - pay attention to contraindications and dosage. For starters, there is no such name. The correct name for waters where sulfates and magnesium are present looks like this:

• Sulfate-hydrocarbonate sodium-magnesium-calcium mineral waters.

• Sulfate sodium-magnesium-calcium mineral waters.

• Sulfate-chloride sodium-magnesium water.

Sulfate-chloride sodium-magnesium water, the most famous "Lysogorskaya".

Sulfate-hydrocarbonate sodium-magnesium-calcium mineral waters "Narzan", "Dolomite Narzan", "Sulfate Narzan". The source of water is located in Kislovodsk - Resort Caucasian Mineralnye Vody. .

Sulfate sodium-magnesium-calcium mineral waters- the most famous of this series - "Kashinskaya Kurortnaya", "Kashinskaya", "Anna Kashinskaya" and "Kashinskaya Voditsa". The source of water is located in the resort town of Kashin, Tver region.

Kashinsky mineral water is contraindicated for people with low stomach acidity and outside the stage of exacerbation of diseases. M mineral waters of this class are not desirable as a daily drink for a long time. It is used to treat the following diseases:

• gastroesophageal reflux disease, esophagitis
• chronic gastritis with normal and high acidity
• stomach and/or duodenal ulcer
• irritable bowel syndrome
• intestinal dyskinesia
• diseases of the liver, gallbladder and biliary tract
• chronic pancreatitis
• rehabilitation after surgery for stomach ulcers
• postcholecystectomy syndrome
• diabetes
• obesity
• violation of salt and lipid metabolism
• chronic pyelonephritis
• urolithiasis disease
• chronic cystitis
• chronic urethritis.

Examples of the use of water for medicinal purposes.

• Ulcer of the stomach and duodenum. Water is taken 1.5 hours before meals, starting with 80-100 ml and during the week, a single dose is gradually adjusted to 150 ml per dose. Drink water heated to 45 ° C, without gas. Mineral water is drunk quickly in large sips, three times a day. The course of treatment lasts 4 weeks, then, after a three-month break, it is possible to repeat the course.
• Chronic gastritis with high acidity. Drink water 1-1.5 hours before meals, start with 80-100 ml, bring it up to 150 ml within a week, water temperature is 45°C, take water quickly, in sips, three times a day. The course of treatment is a month, with a repetition in three months.
• Chronic gastritis with normal acidity. Drink water three times a day, slowly, in sips 45 minutes before meals, start with 80-100 ml and bring it up to 150 ml within a week, the water temperature is 35°C. The course of treatment is 4 weeks, the courses are repeated with a break of three months.
• Chronic gastritis with low acidity. Water is drunk slowly, in small sips for 20 minutes. before meals, 3 times a day, starting with 80-100 ml and within a week, bring up to 150 ml at a time. The course of treatment is 4 weeks, the courses are repeated with a break of three months.

Alkaline mineral waters are a medicinal product - they are recommended for a number of diseases, mainly of the stomach and digestive tract. According to the generally accepted classification, alkaline mineral water is hydrocarbonate water from natural sources, which are characterized by a constant mineral composition.

The main defining feature in this case is pH level, which should be above 7. Also, this water is characterized by the predominance of ions of bicarbonate salts and sodium, which provides a beneficial effect on the body. Unfortunately, today the counters of our stores are replete with fakes and low quality products. Very often, under the guise of alkaline mineral water, the buyer is offered a surrogate, which not only does not meet the stated standards, but can even cause significant harm to health. Therefore, if you are prescribed to take such a remedy, you must take an extremely responsible approach to the issue of choice, having carefully studied the list of names of alkaline mineral waters that are produced in Russia, and are also supplied to our country from neighboring states.

Russian manufacturers

The main Russian brand is Essentuki. It combines several varieties of mineral water at once, but only two numbers are alkaline. Essentuki No. 4 It is considered to be therapeutic table mineral water and has a complex effect on the entire body. But option number 17 is characterized by increased mineralization, so it is not recommended to use it in large volumes, and this will not work due to the specific taste.

Many sources of alkaline mineral waters are concentrated in the Stavropol Territory. It produces such well-known names as " Slavyanovskaya" and " Smirnovskaya". Among the Russian brands of alkaline mineral water, there are also " Martin”, mined and bottled in the Primorsky Territory.

Georgian mineral waters

The list of names of alkaline mineral waters of the Caucasus is headed by Borjomi. This name was familiar to every inhabitant of the Soviet Union. Moreover, products with such a label were exported and were in great demand in Europe. To date, there are several factories for the production of Borjomi in Georgia, most of which is supplied to Russia.

The share of hydrocarbonate salts in Borjomi reaches 90%, the remaining 10% are substances such as bromine, fluorine, sodium, magnesium and calcium. Close to optimal mineral composition of water and salt concentration at the level of 6 g/l made Borjomi an indispensable tool in the treatment and prevention of diseases of the digestive system.

Also in Georgia, two more types of alkaline mineral water are produced - "" and "". They were named after the place of extraction and, although in terms of mineral composition and healing properties, these brands are inferior to Borjomi, their regular use can also bring great benefits to the body.

Speaking of Caucasian mineral waters, one cannot fail to mention a large deposit located on the territory of Armenia - Dilijan. The name of this small town was once immortalized by the hero of the film "Mimino", who said that the water that flows in Dilijan from a simple tap ranks second in quality in the world. As for such a high position, Rubik, of course, got excited, but Dilijan brand water has unique properties, this is a fact.

Ukrainian alkaline mineral waters

The first in the list of names of alkaline mineral waters produced on the territory of Ukraine is a brand no less famous than Borjomi. In any case, among specialists and admirers, water " Luzhanskaya” is quoted quite highly. Its deposit is located in Transcarpathia, the characteristic features of "Luzhanskaya" are low mineralization with a high salt concentration - more than 7.5 g of bicarbonates per liter of water.

Saturation with bicarbonates, depending on the specific source, can reach from 96 to 100%, therefore Luzhanskaya "is often used as a mild antacid, that is, a natural means of neutralizing high acidity - it helps well with regular heaviness in the stomach, bloating, heartburn. It should be noted almost instantaneous effect when using this water.

Water " Polyana Kvasova” also consists of almost 100% hydrocarbonate salts, but at the same time, compared to Luzhanskaya, it is characterized by a higher degree of mineralization. It helps well with complex diseases such as diabetes and obesity. You can take it both before and after meals - while there is a different effect.

The products of Ukrainian manufacturers are good because they contain water of medium mineralization - “ Svalyava". It is characterized by a high concentration of boron, which determines the healing effect on the liver, kidneys and bile ducts.

The list of names of alkaline mineral waters given here is, of course, not complete - it can be supplemented by another two dozen names. We have tried to list only the most famous brands with an impeccable reputation and the most remarkable healing properties.

From the history of the use of mineral waters for the treatment of diseases

“Mineral waters of salt, ferrous, sulfuric, iodine, carbonic, etc. for the cure of ailments there is the same countless number as the sand at the bottom of the sea,- wrote a hundred years ago, M. Platen in his "Guide for living according to the laws of nature, for maintaining health and for treatment without the help of drugs." The term " mineral water" came into use in the 16th century, but in everyday life the word " water", and, just like in ancient Rome" aquae", - in plural. Origin of the word " aquae" refers to the time when Thales of Miletus (c. 624 - c. 546 BC) - a Greek philosopher and mathematician from Miletus, trying to determine the basis of the material world, came to the conclusion that it is water. Word " aqua"- water, consists of two Greek words - "a" and "qua", a literal translation - from which (it is understood omnia constant- everything happened, everything consists).

The first attempt to classify mineral waters by composition belongs to the Greek scientist Archigen (II century). He distinguished four classes of waters: aquae nitrose, aluminose, saline and sulfurose (alkaline, ferruginous, saline and sulphurous). L.A. Seneca isolated sulfuric, iron, alum waters and believed that the taste indicates their properties. Archigen recommended sulfur baths for gout, and for diseases of the bladder, he prescribed drinking mineral waters up to 5 liters per day. He believed that it was enough to know the composition of water in order to prescribe it for treatment. It should be noted that the composition of water at that time could not be known even approximately.

G. Fallopius, the author of one of the first manuals on mineral waters that have come down to our times, published after his death, speaks about the composition of mineral waters (“ De thermalibus aquis atque metallis", 1556). However, the composition of the waters of Italy, described by Fallopius, was far from true, since the science of the 16th century. many chemical elements were not yet known. A real breakthrough in the doctrine of mineral waters occurred in the 18th century, after the revolutionary discoveries in chemistry, which are mainly associated with the name of A. Lavoisier. The very concept of "mineral water" (from lat. minari- dig) was formed during the 19th-20th centuries, when the foundations of balneology (health resort) and the scientific justification for the use of groundwater for medical purposes were laid.

The first resort in Russia was built by the Decree of Peter the Great on the sources of ferruginous Marcial waters. Peter I on his return from Belgium, where he was successfully treated with the waters of the Spa resort. In honor of the Russian Emperor, a drinking pavilion, Pouhon Pierre Le Grand, was built at the resort. Peter I called the waters of the Belgian resort a source of salvation, and when he returned to Russia, he issued a decree to look for key waters in Russia that can be used to treat diseases. The first Russian resort was built in Karelia on the Olonets waters, called Marcial. Martial waters in terms of the content of ferrous ferrous iron - up to 100 mg / l surpass all known ferruginous sources in the world. The content of iron in the waters of the Belgian founder of spas - Spa, is only 21 mg / l (ferruginous waters - Fe 10 mg / l).

The first cadastre of mineral waters in Russia was compiled by scientists of the Mineralogical Society, established in 1817 in St. Petersburg. Among its founders were Academician V.M. Severgin and Professor D.I. Sokolov. According to the research of numerous academic expeditions of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. V.M. Severgin described the mineral springs and lakes of Russia, gave their classification according to the totality of features, and compiled instructions for their research. The results of the research were summarized in the book "A Method for Testing Mineral Waters, composed on the basis of the latest observations on this subject", published in St. Petersburg in 1800. In 1825, the work of the Russian chemist G.I. Hess "Study of the chemical composition and healing effect of mineral waters in Russia", which became the basis of his dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Medicine.

An important role in the study of medicinal mineral waters was played by the foundation in 1863 of the Russian Balneological Society in the Caucasus on the initiative of the Director of the Caucasian Mineral Waters resorts, Professor S.A. Smirnova. After 1917 (after the nationalization of the resorts), the intensive development of balneology began. In 1921, the Balneological Institute was established at the Caucasian Mineral Waters (in, in 1922 - the Tomsk Balneo-Physiotherapy Institute, and in 1926 the Central Institute of Balneology and Physiotherapy was opened in Moscow.

Chemical composition of mineral waters

Mineral water- complex solutions in which substances are contained in the form of ions, undissociated molecules, gases, colloidal particles.

For a long time, balneologists could not come to a consensus on the chemical composition of many waters, since the anions and cations of mineral waters form very unstable compounds. As Ernst Rutherford said, "ions are funny kids, you can almost observe them with your own eyes." Back in the 1860s. chemist O. Tan pointed out the incorrectness of the salt image of mineral waters, which is why Zheleznovodsk was long considered a resort with an “unsettled reputation”. Initially, the mineral waters of Zheleznovodsk were classified as alkaline-ferrous, then they began to combine carbonates with alkalis, and sulfates with alkaline lands, calling these waters “alkaline-ferrous (containing sodium carbonate and iron) with a predominance of gypsum (calcium sulfate) and soda (sodium bicarbonate). ). Subsequently, the composition of waters began to be determined by the main ions. The unique Zheleznovodsk springs in composition belong to carbonic hydrocarbonate-sulphate calcium-sodium high-thermal waters that contain little sodium chloride, which eliminates the risk of irritation of the kidney tissue when they are used for drinking. Currently, Zheleznovodsk is considered one of the best "kidney" resorts. The mineral waters of this resort contain relatively little iron, up to 6 mg / l, i.e. less than in specific ferruginous waters, in which there should be at least 10 mg / l.

In the German “Resort Book”, published in 1907, analyzes of the waters of mineral springs were presented for the first time in the form of ion tables. The same book about Austrian spas was published in 1914. This type of presentation of mineral waters is accepted in Europe at the present time. As an example, we give the ionic composition of the waters of one of the most popular sources of the French resort of Vichy, known since the time of the Roman Empire - Vichy Celestins (M - 3.325 g / l; pH - 6.8).

Criteria for classifying waters as "mineral"

Criteria for classifying waters as "mineral" differ to some extent among researchers. All of them are united by their origin: that is, mineral waters are waters extracted or brought to the surface from the bowels of the earth. At the state level, in a number of EU countries, certain criteria for classifying waters as mineral waters have been legally approved. In national regulations regarding the criteria for mineral waters, the hydrogeochemical features of the territories that are inherent in each country have found their reflection.

In the regulations of a number of European countries and international recommendations - the Codex Alimentarius, the Directives of the European Parliament and the European Council for EU member states, the definition of "mineral waters" has acquired a broader content.

For instance, " Codex Alimentarius" gives the following definition of natural mineral water: natural mineral water is water that is clearly different from ordinary drinking water because:

• it is characterized by its composition, including certain mineral salts, in a certain ratio, and the presence of certain elements in trace amounts or other components
• it is directly obtained from natural or drilled sources from underground aquifers, for which all precautions must be taken within the protection zone to avoid any contamination or external influence on the chemical, physical properties of mineral waters;
• it is characterized by the constancy of its composition and the stability of the flow rate, a certain temperature and the corresponding cycles of secondary natural fluctuations.

In Russia, the definition of V.V. Ivanova and G.A. Nevraev, given in the work "Classification of underground mineral waters" (1964).

Medicinal mineral waters are natural waters that contain certain mineral (rarely organic) components and gases in high concentrations and (or) have some physical properties (radioactivity, environmental reaction, etc.), due to which these waters have an effect on the body. human therapeutic effect in varying degrees, which differs from the action of "fresh" water.

Mineral drinking waters (in accordance with) include waters with a total mineralization of at least 1 g / l or with a lower mineralization, containing biologically active microcomponents in an amount not lower than balneological standards.

Diseases of the liver, gallbladder and biliary tract are usually accompanied by insufficient production and (or) a delay in the release of bile. This makes it difficult to digest food. On the other hand, the retention of bile in the liver threatens with poisoning. For the treatment of such diseases, mainly sulfate waters, which have a choleretic effect, are used. Magnesian waters are especially intense in this respect. Thanks to them, the liver cells increase the formation of bile, the peristalsis of the biliary tract increases, the outflow from the gallbladder and ducts improves, thereby ensuring the removal of inflammation products, and conditions are created that prevent salts from falling out of bile and the formation of stones.

Sulphate waters have an inhibitory effect on gastric secretion. Therefore, if liver disease is accompanied by reduced secretion of the stomach, you need to choose water in which, along with sulfates, sodium chlorides are also present. To a much lesser extent than sulfate, have choleretic properties and alkaline water. They increase the amount of bilirubin and cholesterol in the duodenal contents, which contribute to the digestion of food, and at the same time stimulate all metabolic processes in the liver. As already noted, these waters contribute to the leaching of mucus, leukocytes, salts and microbes from the bile ducts.

The method of taking choleretic waters depends on the acidity of the gastric juice: with low - they drink water 15 minutes before meals, with normal - 45 minutes, and in case of high - one and a half hours before eating. Compliance with these rules enhances the effect of mineral water, which must certainly be heated to 40 ° C.

If bowel disease is accompanied by a tendency to constipation, sulfate waters are prescribed, since they have not only a choleretic, but also a laxative effect (in high concentrations, in particular, magnesium sulfate). Such waters are slowly absorbed in the intestines, as a result of which its contents remain liquid for a long time. By increasing intestinal peristalsis, sulfate waters contribute to its emptying. By the way, the regulation of the intestines has a positive effect on the functioning of the liver. Sodium chloride waters are also used with a salt content of 10 g / l and above (with a “relatively high” mineralization), they also cause loosening of the stool. This occurs as a result of increased influx of fluid from the tissue (due to osmosis) and increased peristalsis. Sodium chloride waters with a significant salt content (high concentrations) are contraindicated in case of a tendency to water retention in body tissues.

Weakly mineralized sodium chloride mineral waters, on the contrary, are quickly absorbed in the intestines, and therefore are prescribed with a tendency to diarrhea. In this case, high concentrations of salts are also harmful.

The time of admission (in these cases), as usual, is dictated by the acidity of the gastric juice: with low - 10-15 minutes, high - 1.5-2 hours, and normal - 40 minutes before meals. The temperature of the mineral water depends on the type of disease: with intestinal atony and a tendency to constipation, it is more useful to take water at room temperature, otherwise [diarrhea] it should be heated to a temperature of 30-40 ° C.

Sulfate bottled waters have a low salt concentration - from 2.4 to 3.9 g/l, with the exception of the Batalinsky spring water - 21 g/l. Sulphate salts predominate in all sulfate waters. Alkalis are absent or present in small quantities - within 10%. The hydrocarbonate group is usually represented by a lime component. There are also few chlorides, mainly table salt.

sulfate mineral waters They reduce the activity of gastric secretion and affect the intestines. They cleanse the body of toxic substances, normalize the functioning of the liver, and regulate stool. Sulphate waters eliminate inflammation in the gallbladder, prevent the formation of gallstones, remove pigments, bile acids, and have a choleretic effect.

These waters speed up the metabolism. Sulfates slow down the release of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. These mineral waters are used for liver diseases and related diseases of the stomach, such as gastritis, chronic pancreatitis, ulcers, chronic diseases of the urinary tract, as well as anemia. They help well with high acidity, accelerate the treatment of diabetes and obesity, and increase sexual potency.

Additional components of sulfate mineral waters enhance their therapeutic effect and give a specific focus. For example, sulfate-chloride waters are a good choleretic and laxative. Drink sulfate-chloride water is better before eating, 10-15 minutes before. Sulfate-hydrocarbonate waters slow down gastric secretion. The intake of such waters improves the performance pancreas .

Characteristics of mineral waters and diseases cured by them

• Atsylyk - bicarbonate-sodium water of the Atsylyk spring, widely known in North Ossetia, Dagestan, the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and Georgia. Atsylyk is not only a table drink, but also an effective remedy in the treatment of diseases of the stomach, liver, kidneys, etc.
• Batalinskaya - bitter mineral water with a high content of magnesium sulphate and sodium sulphate, known primarily as a very effective laxative. Simultaneous intake of 1-1.5 cups of Batalinsky (preferably on an empty stomach) causes a rapid and complete bowel movement. Batalinskaya is indispensable in the treatment of chronic constipation.

The advantage of Batalinsky water is that it can be taken periodically for a long time without fear of any harmful effects. It is taken in the treatment of hemorrhoids, stagnation in the portal vein system, it has a beneficial effect on metabolic processes, especially in obesity.

• "White Hill" - sodium chloride-calcium water with high mineralization. The water of the Belaya Gorka spring (Voronezh region) contains a significant amount of calcium chloride, as well as bromine. It is used in the treatment of various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, gout.
• Berezovskaya - ferrous hydrocarboiate-calcium-magnesium water of low concentration. It has a pleasant taste and is widely used as a table drink. Recommended in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract, regulates gastrointestinal secretion, increases diuresis, enhances blood formation.
• Borjomi - carbonic bicarbonate sodium water, which can be successfully used for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, diseases of the liver, urinary tract and metabolic disorders. Useful for gastric catarrhs, gastric and duodenal ulcers, chronic intestinal catarrhs, chronic diseases of the liver and biliary tract, urolithiasis, colds, bronchitis, mild forms of diabetes.
• Essentuki No. 4 - carbonate hydrocarbonate-chloride-sodium mineral water of moderate concentration. It is widely used in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as in diseases of the liver, gallbladder and urinary tract. It has a beneficial effect on the course of metabolic processes.
• Essentuki No. 17 - carbonate bicarbonate-chloride-sodium water, has a significant concentration of minerals. It is used with great success in the same diseases as Essentuki No. 4 (often in combination with it, for example, in the morning, water No. 17 is taken, and in the afternoon - water No. 4).
• Essentuki № 20 - a common table drink. It belongs to the type of sulfate-bicarbonate-calcium-magic waters of low concentration. It has a beneficial effect on bowel function and promotes normal digestion. This is not only table water, but also an effective therapeutic agent that works well for diseases of the metabolism and urinary tract.
• Izhevsk - sulfate calcium chloride mineral water of the Izhevsk spring. Refreshing table drink with excellent taste, good thirst quencher. Taken in the morning on an empty stomach, it has a laxative and diuretic effect.

Izhevskaya is successfully used in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, diseases of the liver and biliary tract, diseases of the urinary tract, and metabolic disorders.

• "Martin" - carbonic bicarbonate-iatrium-magnesium water with a high content of free carbon dioxide. Mineral water "Lastochka" in its physical and chemical properties is also close to waters of the Borjomi type and is very popular in Transbaikalia, in the Far East, not only as a medicinal mineral water, but also as a tasty, pleasant table drink.
• Mirgorodskaya - sodium chloride mineral water type Essentuki No. 4 and No. 17. The use of this water affects the secretion and acidity of gastric juice, increases the secretion of bile, stimulates the activity of the gastrointestinal tract, improves metabolism.
• Moscow - mineral water of the Moscow deep borehole, characterized by low mineralization and belongs to the type of sulfate-calcium-magnesium waters. The chemical composition is similar to the water of Essentuki No. 20.

Moskovskaya is a delicious table drink that refreshes and quenches thirst well, it is successfully used in the treatment of chronic gastritis, normalizes gastric peristalsis and reduces heartburn, belching, a feeling of heaviness in the pit of the stomach, is useful in diseases of the liver and biliary tract, since its use gives a choleretic effect.

• Narzan - carbonic hydrocarbonate-sulfate-calcium water of the Narzan spring in Kislovodsk. This water is famous as a refreshing, thirst-quenching and slightly appetizing table drink.

Narzan enhances intestinal peristalsis and secretory activity of the digestive glands, increases the amount of urine, promotes the dissolution of phosphates. Salts of magnesium sulphate and calcium bicarbonate contained in narzan have a beneficial effect on the body in case of catarrhal diseases of the urinary tract.

• Naftusya (Truskavetska) - slightly mineralized bicarbonate calcium-magnesium water. Used to treat urinary tract, urolithiasis, stimulates bile formation.
• Polyustrovskaya - ferruginous low-mineralized water of a source discovered in the 18th century in the vicinity of St. Petersburg (near the village of Polyustrovo, which means "swamp" in Finnish). Water contains a large amount of ferrous iron. It is successfully used to treat anemia, with blood loss, general loss of strength, in the postoperative period. It is also a thirst quencher and is especially beneficial for workers in hot shops where the air contains carbon monoxide. Polyustrovskaya increases the number of red blood cells, partially destroyed by carbon monoxide. Long-term use of it increases the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. After additional carbonation, it is used as table water. A number of carbonated fruit and berry drinks are produced on the basis of Polyustrovskaya water.
• "Polyana Kvasova" - carbonic bicarbonate-sodium water with a significant content of carbon dioxide. "Polyana" surpasses Borjomi in its mineralization and amount of hydrocarbonate. It is used with great success in the treatment of diseases of the stomach, intestines, urinary tract, liver, etc. Its use affects gastric secretion and acidity, thins mucus, increases diuresis and increases the excretion of urinary sand.
• Growled-su - bicarbonate-sodium water of the Rychal-su source. In terms of its physical and chemical composition, it approaches Borjomi. Rychal-su is used in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract and metabolic disorders.
• Sairme - sodium-calcium carbonate bicarbonate water, indicated for diseases of the stomach, in particular gastritis with high acidity, gastric and duodenal ulcers, functional bowel disorders, chronic kidney diseases, obesity, mild forms of diabetes.
• Slavyanovskaya - almost identical in chemical composition to Smirnovskaya. It is only less saturated with natural carbon dioxide and more radioactive. Slavyanovskaya, like Smirnovskaya, has proven itself in the treatment of stomach ulcers and duodenal ulcers.
• Smirnovskaya - carbonic hydrocarbonate-sulfate-iatrium-calcium water of the Zheleznovodsk hot spring. This water is very effective in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. Smirnovskaya, taken 1-1.5 hours before meals, leads to inhibition of the process of secretion of gastric juice and is therefore extremely useful in the treatment of gastric diseases with high acidity. This water is also very beneficial in the treatment of the liver, biliary and urinary tract.