Gum diseases 22.09.2019
0 (0 votes)

Responsibilities of a solid fuel boiler operator. Job Description of a Fireman

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

BOILER ROOM MANAGER (STOCKER)

(2ND DIGIT)

Organization name

I APPROVED

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

Job title

head of the organization

_________ № ___________

Signature Explanation of signature

Place of compilation

Date

TO THE MACHINIST (STOCKER)

BOILER ROOM

(2ND DIGIT)

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. The driver (stoker) of the boiler room is hired and dismissed from work by order of the head of the organization upon the recommendation of ___________________________________________________.

1.2. The boiler room operator (stoker) reports to ________________________________________.

1.3. In his activities, the boiler room driver (stoker) is guided by:

Charter of the organization;

Internal rules labor regulations;

Orders and instructions of the head of the organization ( immediate supervisor);

These operating instructions.

1.4. The boiler room operator (fireman) must know:

Technological process of the work performed;

Technological maps, work instructions and other documents regulating the performance of the relevant work;

Organization of work at your workplace;

Rules technical operation and care of equipment, devices and tools with which he works or which he maintains; ways to identify and eliminate necessary cases current problems that arise during the execution of work;

Methods of current, preventive and overhaul equipment with the participation of a worker in such repairs;

Standards for the consumption of fuel, energy, raw materials and materials for the work performed, methods for the rational use of material resources;

Requirements for the quality of work performed, including related operations or processes;

Types of marriage, the reasons that give rise to it, ways to prevent and eliminate it;

Internal labor regulations in the organization;

Labor protection rules and instructions, safe methods and working methods;

Rules for environmental protection when performing work;

Rules, methods, techniques and means of preventing and extinguishing fires, preventing and eliminating the consequences of accidents and other incidents at your workplace;

Rules and methods of providing first aid to victims;

An automatic control and alarm system, rules for controlling lifting and transport equipment and rules for performing slinging work, moving and storing cargo, where this is provided for by the organization of work at the workplace;

Fundamentals of labor legislation, contractual regulation of labor relations, including in the field of payment and labor standards, the content of a collective agreement and the procedure for negotiating its conclusion;

Forms and systems of remuneration established in the organization, their features, the procedure for establishing and revising tariff rates, norms and prices;

The procedure and features of tariffing and re-tariffing of works and workers;

Basic provisions and forms of training, retraining and advanced training of workers in production;

The operating principle of serviced boilers, nozzles, steam-air ducts and methods of regulating their operation;

Installation of boiler furnaces, slag and ash bunkers;

The composition of thermal insulation masses and the main methods of thermal insulation of boilers and steam pipelines;

Purpose and conditions of use of simple and medium complexity instrumentation;

Construction of mechanisms for preparing pulverized fuel, tools and devices for cleaning nozzles and ash and slag removal;

Design and operating modes of equipment for heating network boiler installations and compressed steam stations;

Rules for cleaning grates, boiler fireboxes and smoke boxes of steam locomotives;

Permissible pressure and water level in the locomotive boiler during cleaning;

The influence of atmospheric air on the condition of the walls of the firebox and firebox;

The procedure for refueling the firebox;

Basic properties of ash and slag;

Rules for planning slag and ash dumps.

2. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WORK

The driver (fireman) of the boiler room is entrusted with:

2.1. Maintenance of water heating boilers with a total heating capacity of up to 12.6 GJ/h (up to 3 Gcal/h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual water heating boilers with a boiler heating capacity of up to 21 GJ/h (up to 5 Gcal/h), operating on solid fuel.

2.2. Kindling, starting, stopping boilers and feeding them with water.

2.4. Regulation of fuel combustion.

2.5. Monitoring the water level in the boiler, steam pressure and temperature of the water supplied to the heating system using control and measuring instruments.

2.6. Starting and stopping pumps, motors, fans and other auxiliary mechanisms.

2.7. Cleaning boiler fittings and appliances.

2.8. Maintenance of heating network boiler installations and compressed steam stations located in the service area of ​​the main units, with a total heat load of up to 42 GJ/h (up to 10 Gcal/h).

2.9. Purification of crushed steam and deaeration of water.

2.10. Maintaining the specified pressure and temperature of water and steam.

2.11. Participation in flushing, cleaning and repair of the boiler, pumps, fans and other auxiliary equipment.

2.12. Replacement of instrumentation and shut-off valves.

2.13. Manual removal of slag and ash from the furnaces and bunkers of boilers of industrial and municipal boiler houses and the blowers of gas generators, as well as from the grates, furnaces, boilers and blowers of steam locomotives.

2.14. Layout of slag and ash dumps.

2.15. Maintenance of water-heating domestic boilers with natural coolant circulation.

3. RESPONSIBILITY

The boiler room operator (stoker) is responsible for:

3.1. For failure to perform (improper performance) of one’s work, within the limits determined by the current labor legislation Republic of Belarus.

3.2. For offenses committed in the course of carrying out their activities - within the limits determined by the current administrative, criminal and civil legislation of the Republic of Belarus.

3.3. For causing material damage- within the limits determined by the current labor, criminal and civil legislation of the Republic of Belarus.

Job title

head of structural

divisions

_____________________

________________________

Signature

Full name

Visas

With working instructions

familiarized:

_____________________

________________________

Signature

Full name

________________________

Date

STANDARD INSTRUCTIONS

FOR OPERATORS (MAIN DRIVERS)

STEAM AND WATER BOILERS

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. Real Standard instructions developed on the basis of the Rules for the design and safe operation of steam and hot water boilers (hereinafter referred to as the Rules), approved by the order of the State Labor Supervision Service of Ukraine dated May 26, 1994 No. 51, applies to all departments, enterprises, organizations of Ukraine, regardless of their departmental (industry) affiliation and individuals, who are owners of boilers, determines the rights and obligations of operators (drivers) (hereinafter operators) of steam and hot water boilers (hereinafter boilers), and also establishes the procedure for their safe maintenance.

1.2. For the management and maintenance of boilers, economizers, pipelines and auxiliary equipment (feed pumps, ash removal units, etc.), the owner is required to appoint operators who have a certificate for the right to service boilers of this type.

1.3. Based on these instructions, taking into account local operating conditions, the owner must develop and approve production instructions in the prescribed manner.

1.4. During operation, the operator must have with him a certificate for the right to service boilers.

1.5. Boiler room personnel must clearly know and comply with all the requirements set out in the production instructions.

1.6. Persons at least 18 years of age who have undergone a medical examination may be allowed to service boilers in order to determine their physical condition and compliance with the requirements for this profession.

Non-periodic knowledge testing of boiler operators is carried out at least once every 12 months.

They conduct extraordinary knowledge tests:

a) when moving to another enterprise;

b) in case of transfer to maintenance of boilers of another type;

c) when converting serviced boilers to another type of fuel;

d) with a break in work for more than 6 months;

e) by decision of the administration or at the request of an inspector of the State Supervision Service for Labor Supervision.

The knowledge testing commission is appointed by order of the enterprise; participation in its work of an inspector from the State Supervision Authority for Labor Supervision is not necessary.

When transferring personnel to service boilers operating on gaseous fuel, an additional knowledge test must be carried out in the manner established by the “Safety Rules in the Gas Industry”, approved by order of the USSR Gospromatnadzor dated October 26, 1994
№ 3.

If there is a break in work in their specialty for more than 12 months, boiler operators undergo a knowledge test at the enterprise commission and, in case of satisfactory test results, are allowed to undergo an internship to restore the necessary skills according to a program approved by the enterprise administration (boiler owner).

1.7. If boilers are serviced by several operators in a shift, then they must directly report and follow the instructions of the senior operator appointed by the administration of the enterprise, the management of the workshop, or the site.

1.8. Acceptance of a shift and its delivery must be carried out in compliance with the requirements of the Internal Regulations.

1.9. When accepting a shift, the operator (senior operator) is obliged to familiarize himself with the entries in the shift log and, together with the operator (senior operator) handing over the shift, check the serviceability of working boilers and related equipment, devices and protective equipment: economizers, boilers, deaerators, continuous separators purge of safety valves, water indicating devices, automatic alarms permissible levels water, pressure gauges, thermometers, safety automation for all its parameters, shut-off and control valves for feed, drain, purge and steam pipelines, feed pumps, slag and ash removal equipment, smoke exhausters, fans, fuel supply equipment in boiler furnaces, etc. When In this case, the serviceability of the emergency lighting and the alarm system for calling the administration should also be checked.

2. RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE BOILER OPERATOR

2.1. When preparing the boiler for lighting, the operator must:

2.1.1. Before lighting, check carefully:

a) serviceability of the firebox and flues, shut-off and control devices;

b) serviceability of instrumentation, fittings, fittings, feeding devices, smoke exhausters and fans, as well as the presence of natural draft;

c) serviceability of equipment for burning the relevant type of fuel;

d) filling the boiler with water to the lowest level mark, and if there is a water economizer, filling it with water;

e) whether the water level in the boiler is maintained and whether there is water passing through hatches, flanges and fittings:

f) are there any plugs before and after safety valves, on steam, fuel oil and gas pipelines, on the supply, drain and purge lines;

g) absence of people or foreign objects in the firebox and flue ducts.

2.1.2. Ventilate the firebox and flues for 10 - 15 minutes (depending on the design of the boiler) by opening the doors of the firebox, blower, dampers for regulating the air supply, natural draft dampers, and if there are smoke exhausters and fans, by turning them on. Before turning on the smoke exhauster to ventilate the furnace and flue ducts of boilers operating on gaseous fuel, it is necessary to make sure that the rotor does not touch the smoke exhauster housing, for which the rotor is turned manually. Switching on smoke exhausters in an explosive design is allowed only after ventilating the boilers with natural draft and after checking the serviceability of the smoke exhauster.

2.1.3. For a boiler operating on gaseous fuel, in addition to meeting the requirements of paragraphs. 2.1.1, 2.1.2:

a) check the serviceability of the gas pipeline and the valves and valves installed on it (all shut-off valves on the gas pipelines must be closed, and the valves on the purge gas pipelines must be open);

b) blow the gas pipeline through the purge candle, gradually opening the valve on the gas pipeline branch to the boiler. If, after checking with a gas analyzer (or other reliable method), it turns out that there is no explosive gas-air mixture in the gas pipeline, the spark plug should be closed;

c) make sure there are no gas leaks from gas pipelines, gas equipment and fittings by washing threaded and flanged connections. Use of open flame when performing this work is strictly prohibited;

d) check with a pressure gauge that the gas pressure corresponds, and for two-wire burners, in addition, that the air pressure in front of the burner valves with the blower fan running corresponds to the set pressure;

e) adjust the draft of the boiler being heated, setting the vacuum in the furnace to 2-3 mm of water. Art.

2.1.4. For a boiler operating on liquid fuel Bring the fuel temperature to the value specified in the instructions, warm up the steam line to the injectors.

After making sure that the equipment is in good working order in the shift log, the operator (senior operator) must make an entry about the delivery and acceptance of the shift.

If during the inspection a malfunction of the equipment is discovered, the operator taking over the shift (senior operator) must make an entry about this in the shift log and notify the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers so that he can make an appropriate decision on this issue and give necessary instructions to the operator.

2.1.5. The operator is prohibited from leaving the workplace in the absence of a shift worker; in this case, it is necessary to inform the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers (boiler room manager) and follow his instructions.

2.1.6. It is not allowed to accept or hand over a shift during the liquidation of accidents in the boiler room.

2.1.7. During a shift, the operator should not be distracted from performing the duties assigned to him by the production instructions.

2.1.8. The operator is prohibited from leaving the boilers unattended until combustion in the furnace has completely stopped, residual fuel has been removed from it and the pressure has been reduced to zero. Boilers that do not have brickwork may be left in a locked room, without waiting for the pressure to drop to atmospheric pressure, if after stopping combustion in the furnace and removing residual fuel from it, as well as slag and ash from the bunker, the pressure in the boiler begins to decrease.

2.1.9. The operator must not allow unauthorized persons into the boiler room.

They can only be admitted with the permission of the administration and accompanied by its representative.

2.1.10. The boiler room, boilers and all its equipment must be kept in good condition and proper cleanliness. Prohibited clutter the boiler room or store any materials or objects in it. Passages in the boiler room and exits from it must always be free. Doors exiting the boiler room should open outward easily.

2.2. When lighting boilers, the operator must:

2.2.1. Light the boilers only if there is an order written in the shift log by the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers, or the person replacing him. The order must indicate the duration of filling the boiler with water and its temperature. The operator must be warned in advance about the boiler firing time.

2.2.2. Light the boilers for a period of time set by the administration, with low heat, reduced draft, closed steam valve and open safety valve or valve (cock) to release air. When lighting the boiler, it is necessary to ensure uniform heating of its parts and turn on the device for heating water in the lower drum of the boiler in advance.

Use of flammable materials (gasoline, kerosene, etc.) when lighting a solid fuel boiler. not allowed.

2.2.3. If the boiler superheater has a device to protect its elements from overheating when lighting the boiler, turn on this device.

2.2.4. If the water economizer has a bypass gas duct, hot gases from the boiler must be directed through this gas duct, closing the dampers to allow gases to pass through the economizer. Hot gases should be transferred to the economizer flue after regular power supply to the boiler has been established.

If there is no bypass gas duct to prevent the water in the economizer from heating above the permissible temperature, pump water through the economizers, directed along the discharge line to the tank or drainage.

If boilers have boiling-type water economizers and recirculation lines connecting the drum water space to the lower economizer collectors, then open the valves on these lines before firing the boiler.

2.2.5. Light the burner of a gaseous fuel boiler as follows: bring a pilot light into the firebox to the mouth of the burner being switched on, supply gas, slowly opening the valve in front of the burner and making sure that it lights up immediately, immediately start supplying air, then increase the supply of gas and air, while simultaneously adjusting the vacuum in the firebox and the flame at the burner . Remove the igniter from the firebox after obtaining a stable flame.

If the pilot flame goes out when igniting the burner, immediately stop supplying gas to the burner, remove the pilot from the firebox and ventilate the firebox and flues for 10-15 minutes. Only after this can you start igniting the burner.

If the boiler has several burners, they are ignited sequentially.

If during kindling all or part of the lit burners go out, immediately stop the gas supply to them, remove the pilot from the firebox and ventilate the firebox and flues for 10-15 minutes. Only then relight the burners.

When lighting the burners, you should not stand against the peepholes (kindling hatches) so as not to suffer from a flame accidentally thrown out of the firebox. The operator must be provided with personal protective equipment (safety glasses, etc.).

The operator is prohibited:

a) ignite extinguished burners without first ventilating the firebox and flues;

b) light the gas torch from the adjacent burner.

Ignition of the furnaces of boilers equipped with automation must be carried out in compliance with the requirements of the instructions of the boiler manufacturer or specialized commissioning organizations for servicing automation.

2.2.6. When spraying liquid fuel with steam, to ignite the nozzle, introduce a burning pilot torch into the firebox, supply steam to the nozzle, and then fuel by gradually opening the valve.

After igniting the fuel oil, adjust the combustion by changing the supply of fuel oil, steam and air.

2.2.7. When mechanically spraying fuel oil, after introducing a burning pilot torch into the firebox or turning on the automatic ignition, slightly open the air damper and, slowly opening the valve, feed fuel oil into the firebox. After the fuel oil ignites, adjust the combustion.

2.2.8. Remove the ignition torch from the firebox only when the combustion becomes stable. If the fuel oil does not ignite, immediately stop supplying it to the nozzles, remove the pilot torch from the firebox and ventilate the firebox, flues and air ducts for 10-15 minutes, determine the cause of the fuel not igniting and eliminate it. Only then start igniting the injector again.

If the boiler has several nozzles, ignite them sequentially.

If during kindling all working nozzles go out, immediately stop supplying fuel to them, remove manual kindling torches from the firebox and ventilate the firebox, chimneys and air ducts for 10-15 minutes, with the smoke exhauster and fan running. After this, you can light the injectors again.

If some of the working injectors go out, you must immediately stop supplying fuel to these injectors, and then light them using a burning manual pilot torch.

When lighting the nozzles, you should not stand against the peepholes (kindling hatches) so as not to suffer from an accidental emission of flame.

The operator is prohibited from igniting the nozzle torch from the adjacent hot firebox masonry (without a ignition torch).

2.2.9. When steam begins to escape from the open safety valve or air valve, close the safety valve or air valve and open the purge valve downstream of the superheater.

2.2.10. Tightening bolts, manholes, and hatches during heating of the boiler should be done with great care, only with a normal wrench, without the use of extension levers and in the presence of a person responsible for maintaining the boilers in good condition and the safe operation of the boilers.

For boilers with operating pressure up to 0.6 MPa (6 kgf/cm2), tightening of bolts, manholes and hatches is allowed at a pressure of no more than 50% of the operating pressure, from 0.6 to 6 MPa (6 to 60 kgf/cm2) - at pressure no more than 0.3 MPa (3 kgf/cm2), more than 6 MPa (60 kgf/cm2) - at a pressure no more than 0.5 MPa (5 kgf/cm2).

2.2.11. When lighting, monitor the movement of boiler elements during thermal expansion using movement indicators (benchmarks).

2.3. When putting the boiler into operation, the operator must:

2.3.1. Before putting the boiler into operation, check:

a) proper operation of safety valves, water indicating devices, pressure gauges and feeding devices;

b) readings of reduced water level indicators based on direct action water level indicators;

c) turning on automatic safety systems, alarms and automatic control equipment for boilers;

d) boiler purging.

Checking the proper operation of safety valves, water indicating devices, a pressure gauge, as well as purging the boiler should be carried out using gloves in order to avoid burns to operating personnel.

Prohibited commissioning of boilers with faulty fittings, feeding devices, automatic safety systems and emergency protection and alarm systems.

2.3.2. The boiler must be connected to the steam line slowly, after thoroughly warming up and purging the steam line. When warming up, monitor the serviceability of the steam line, compensators, supports and hangers, as well as the uniform expansion of the steam line. If vibration or sudden shocks occur, stop warming up until the defects are eliminated.

2.3.3. When connecting the boiler to a steam line that is in operation, make sure that the pressure in the boiler is equal to or slightly lower than the pressure in the steam line (but not more than 0.05 MPa (0.5 kgf/cm2), while reducing combustion in the furnace. If at the same time shocks or hydraulic shocks will occur in the steam line, immediately stop turning on the boiler and increase the purge of the steam line.

2.3.4. As the boiler load increases, reduce the blowdown of the superheater, and when approximately half the normal load is reached, stop the blowdown.

2.3.5. Record the time of starting the kindling and putting the boiler into operation in the shift log.

2.4. When operating the boiler, the operator must:

2.4.1. Monitor the serviceability of the boiler and all boiler room equipment and strictly adhere to the established operating mode of the boiler.

2.4.2. Record any malfunctions detected during equipment operation in the shift log. Accept immediate measures to eliminate malfunctions that threaten the safe and trouble-free operation of equipment. If the faults are corrected on our own It is impossible to report this to the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers (boiler room manager).

2.4.3. Special attention While working, pay attention to:

a) maintenance normal level water in the boiler and its uniform supply with water. At the same time, do not allow the water level to fall below the permissible lowest level or rise above the permissible highest level;

b) maintenance normal pressure pair; increasing the pressure in the boiler above the permitted limit is not allowed;

c) maintaining the temperature of the superheated steam, as well as the temperature of the economizer feedwater;

d) normal operation of burners (nozzles).

2.4.4. Checking the proper operation of pressure gauges, safety valves, water level indicators and feed pumps should be carried out and recorded in a shift log within the following periods:

a) for boilers with operating pressure up to 1.4 MPa (14 kgf/cm2) inclusive - at least once per shift;

b) for boilers with operating pressure over 1.4 MPa (14 kgf/cm2) up to 4 MPa (40 kgf/cm2) inclusive - at least once a day (except for boilers installed in thermal power plants);

c) for boilers installed at thermal power plants, in accordance with the schedule approved by the chief engineer.

The test results are recorded in the shift log.

2.4.5. The serviceability of the pressure gauge is checked using a three-way valve or shut-off valves that replace it by setting the pressure gauge needle to zero.

At least once every 12 months, pressure gauges must be checked with a stamp or seal installed in the manner prescribed by the State Standard of Ukraine.

2.4.6. Checking the water level indicators is carried out by blowing them. The serviceability of reduced level indicators is checked by comparing their readings with the readings of direct-acting water level indicators.

2.4.7. The serviceability of safety valves is checked by forcing them to “undermine” for a short time.

Operation of boilers with faulty or unadjusted safety valves is prohibited.

Prohibited jam the safety valves or place additional stress on them.

2.4.8. The serviceability of all feed pumps or injectors should be checked by briefly putting each of them into operation.

2.4.9. Checking the serviceability of alarms and automatic protections must be carried out in accordance with the schedule and instructions developed and approved by the administration of the enterprise (boiler owner) in the prescribed manner.

2.4.10. Throwing solid fuel on the grate of a manual firebox in small portions, as quickly as possible, with the blast weakened or turned off. If there are several loading doors, load fuel through each door one by one, after the fuel previously thrown into the adjacent door has ignited well.

Maintain the height of the fuel layer on the grate depending on the type and quality of fuel as directed by the administration. When the boiler load increases, it is necessary to first increase the draft and then increase the blast; when decreasing, first reduce the blast and then the draft. The firebox doors must be closed and latched.

2.4.11. When operating the boiler on gas fuel, to increase the load, gradually first increase the gas pressure, then the air and adjust the draft; to decrease, first reduce the air supply, then the gas, and then adjust the draft.

If, when the boiler is operating on gas, all or part of the burners go out (the air supply to the burners operating with forced air supply stops, or the gas pressure in front of the burners increases sharply), immediately stop the gas supply to the burners by closing the shut-off valves in front of the burners, ventilate the firebox, flues and air ducts, find out and eliminate the cause of the violation of the normal combustion mode, and then proceed to re-ignite the boiler, making an appropriate entry in the shift log.

2.4.12. When the boiler is operating on liquid fuel, to increase the load, add draft, increase the supply of air and then fuel oil (on steam nozzles, before increasing the supply of fuel oil, the steam supply is increased); to reduce - first reduce the supply of fuel oil, steam and air, and then reduce the draft.

If all the nozzles go out while the boiler is operating on liquid fuel, immediately stop the supply of fuel (as well as steam in the case of steam spraying), reduce the blast and draft and eliminate the cause of the cessation of combustion.

2.4.13. Periodic purging of the boiler should be carried out within the time limits established by the administration of the enterprise (boiler owner), from the lowest points of the boiler, in the presence of the shift manager. Personnel working in the boiler room, as well as persons repairing neighboring boilers, must be warned about the upcoming boiler purging. Before purging, make sure that water indicators, feeding devices are in working order and that there is water in the feeding tanks, as well as that boilers undergoing repair or cleaning are disconnected from the purge lines in accordance with clause 1.13.

The water level in the boiler before purging should be slightly higher than normal.

Open the purge valves carefully and gradually. If there are two shut-off devices, first open the second device from the boiler, and after stopping the purge, first close the first device from the boiler.

Periodic purging should be carried out by two persons, one of whom directly opens and closes the valves, and the second who monitors the water indicating devices. If water hammer, pipeline vibration, or other abnormalities occur in the purge lines, purge must be stopped immediately. At the end of the purge, make sure that the shut-off devices on the purge line are securely closed and do not allow water to pass through.

Prohibited carry out purging when the purge valves are faulty, open and close the valves with blows of a hammer or other objects, as well as using extended levers. The start and end times of boiler purging are recorded in the shift log.

2.4.14. The operator is prohibited from tapping rivet seams, welding boiler elements, etc. while the boiler is operating.

2.4.15. Clean the manual firebox when the boiler load is reduced, the blast is weakened or switched off, and the draft is reduced.

When manually removing ash, slag and ash removed from the furnace into the bunker should be filled with water in the bunker itself or in a trolley, if the latter is installed under a slag gate in an insulated chamber. Discharge of slag and ash should be carried out with the knowledge of the senior boiler operator. Before draining slag and ash from a bunker or furnace, warn all workers in the ash room.

When opening slag gates, it is not allowed to be near them.

When removing slag and ash from the furnace directly to the working platform above the place where they are poured, turn on the exhaust ventilation.

2.4.16. Removal of slag and ash from the heating surfaces of boilers by blowing must be carried out within the time limits established by the administration of the enterprise (boiler owner). Before blowing the boiler, increase the draft. If the draft cannot be increased, reduce the combustion in the firebox by reducing the blast. Blowing should be carried out along the flow of gases, starting from the heating surfaces located in the combustion chamber or in the first gas duct.

Warn all operating personnel about blowing the boiler.

To avoid burns, stand away from the doors.

Stop blowing immediately if gases escape through the hatches during it, as well as if faults are detected in the boiler or blowing device.

2.4.17. Maintain all boiler automatic control and safety devices and devices in good condition and check them regularly.

2.5. When stopping the boiler, the operator must:

2.5.1. In all cases, with the exception of an emergency stop, stop only after receiving written permission from the administration.

When stopping the boiler:

a) maintain the water level in the boiler above the average operating position;

b) stop supplying fuel to the firebox;

c) disconnect it from the steam lines after combustion in the furnace has completely stopped and steam extraction has stopped, and if there is a superheater, open the purge.

If, after disconnecting the boiler from the steam line, the pressure in the boiler increases, increase the blowing of the superheater. It is also allowed to carry out a small purging of the boiler and replenish it with water;

d) cool the boiler and drain water from it in the manner established by the administration.

2.5.2. When stopping a boiler operating on solid fuel:

a) burn out the remaining fuel in the furnace with reduced blast and draft. Prohibited extinguish burning fuel by filling it with fresh fuel or pouring water;

b) stop blowing and reduce cravings;

c) clean the firebox and bunkers;

d) stop the draft by closing the smoke damper, combustion and ash doors (with a mechanical firebox, stop the draft after the grate has cooled).

2.5.3. When stopping a boiler operating on gaseous fuel with forced air supply, reduce and then completely stop the supply of gas to the burners, and then air. For injection burners, first stop the air supply and then the gas supply. After turning off all burners, disconnect the boiler gas pipeline from the common line, open the purge plug on the outlet, and also ventilate the firebox, gas ducts and air ducts.

2.5.4. When stopping a boiler running on liquid fuel:

a) stop supplying fuel to the injector;

b) stop supplying steam to the steam nozzle or air during air spraying;

c) if there are several nozzles, turn them off sequentially, reducing the blast and draft;

d) ventilate the firebox and flues, then close the blast and draft.

2.5.5. Preservation of stopped boilers should be carried out in accordance with the instructions specified in the manufacturer’s instructions for installation and operation of boilers.

2.6. In emergency situations, the operator is obliged to:

2.6.1. Without receiving anyone's order, in emergency cases, immediately stop the boiler and inform the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers (boiler room manager) or the person replacing him.

This is what he should do:

a) upon detection of a malfunction of the safety valve or other safety devices replacing it;

b) if the pressure in the boiler drum has risen above the permitted value by more than 10% and continues to rise, despite the cessation of fuel supply, a decrease in draft, blast and increased water supply to the boiler;

c) when water leaks from the boiler (below the lower edge of the water indicator glass). Feeding the boiler with water is strictly prohibited;

d) if the water level decreases rapidly, despite the increased supply of water to the boiler;

e) if the water level has risen above the upper edge of the water indicator glass and it is not possible to reduce it by blowing the boiler;

f) if all nutritional devices have been discontinued;

g) if all water indicating devices are no longer in operation;

h) if cracks, bulges, gaps in welds, breaks in two and more nearby connections;

i) if gas contamination of a boiler room with boilers operating on gaseous fuel is detected, the gas supply is stopped, or an explosion of the gas-air mixture occurs in the boiler furnace or gas ducts;

j) if the power supply is interrupted due to artificial draft, and the elements of the boiler and its lining are damaged, creating a danger for operating personnel or the threat of destruction of the boiler;

k) in case of an unacceptable increase or decrease in pressure in the direct-flow boiler path to the built-in valves;

m) when the torches in the furnace go out during chamber combustion of fuel;

m) when the water flow through the hot water boiler decreases below the minimum permissible value;

o) when the water pressure in the hot water boiler circuit decreases;

o) when the water temperature at the outlet of the hot water boiler increases to a value 20 °C below the saturation temperature corresponding to the operating water pressure in the boiler outlet manifold;

p) in case of malfunction of automatic safety or alarm systems, including loss of voltage on these devices;

c) if a fire occurs in the boiler room or soot or fuel particles ignite in the flue ducts, threatening the operating personnel or the boiler, all boiler room operating personnel on shift must take measures to extinguish the fire, in accordance with the plan for eliminating possible emergency situations and, if necessary , call the fire brigade.

2.6.2. Record the reasons for the emergency shutdown of the boiler in the shift log.

2.6.3. If there is a leak in the rivet seams or in the places where pipes are rolled, fistulas on the pipes of the heating surfaces of the boiler, as well as other damage and malfunctions of the boiler, fittings that do not require immediate shutdown of the boiler, immediately inform the administration about this and make an entry in the shift log.

2.6.4. In the event of an emergency stop of the boiler, the operator must:

a) stop the supply of fuel and air, sharply weaken the thrust;

b) remove burning fuel from the firebox as quickly as possible; in exceptional cases, if necessary, pour water over the burning fuel, making sure that the stream of water does not fall on the walls of the boiler and lining;

c) after the combustion in the firebox has stopped, open the smoke damper for a while, and in manual fireboxes - the firebox doors;

d) disconnect the boiler from the main steam line;

e) release steam through raised safety valves or emergency exhaust valve in paragraph 2.6.1.

2.6.5. When the boiler stops due to soot ignition or fuel carryover in the economizer, steam superheater or flue ducts, immediately stop the supply of fuel and air to the furnace, stop draft by stopping smoke exhausters and blower fans, and completely close the air and gas dampers. If possible, fill the flue with steam and ventilate the firebox after combustion has stopped.

2.6.6. In the event of a fire in a boiler room with boilers operating on gaseous fuel, immediately turn off the gas pipeline of the boiler room using a valve installed outside the boiler room.

Emergency shutdown of boilers at thermal power plants must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Rules for the Technical Operation of Electric Power Plants and Networks, approved by the Ministry of Energy and Electrification of the USSR on February 20, 1989.

2.7. When performing repair work, the operator must:

2.7.1. Before starting any work inside a boiler connected to other operating boilers by common pipelines (steam line, feed, drain, drain lines, etc.), as well as before inspecting or repairing elements operating under pressure, disconnect the boiler from all pipelines plugs.

In this case, it is allowed to turn off boilers with a pressure above 39 kgf/cm2 by two shut-off devices, if between them there is a drainage device with a nominal diameter of at least 32 mm, which has a direct connection to the atmosphere. In this case, the drives of the shut-off bodies, as well as the valves of open drains, should be locked so that the possibility of their tightness weakening when the lock is locked is excluded. The key to the lock must be kept by the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers (boiler room manager). When operating on gas, liquid and pulverized fuel, the boiler must be reliably disconnected from the common fuel line.

2.7.2. Opening hatches and hatches, as well as repairing boiler elements, should only be done in the complete absence of pressure. Before opening hatches and hatches located within the water space, remove water from the elements of boilers and economizers.

2.7.3. Work inside the furnaces and flue ducts of the boiler should be carried out only at a temperature of 50-60 °C with written permission (along with permission) from the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of the boilers (boiler room manager) after an appropriate check of the place of work. Staying inside the boiler or flue at these temperatures should not exceed 20 minutes.

2.7.4. Before starting work, the firebox and flues should be well ventilated, illuminated and reliably protected from possible penetration of gases and dust from the flues of operating boilers. At the same time, the cleanliness of the air in the firebox and flues must meet the requirements of sanitary standards.

When operating on gaseous or pulverized fuel, it is also necessary to securely disconnect the boiler from the common gas or dust pipeline using a plug. The cleanliness of the air in the firebox or flues must be confirmed by analysis.

2.7.5. When disconnecting sections of pipelines and gas ducts, as well as on the starting devices of smoke exhausters, blower fans and fuel feeders, hang posters on valves, gate valves and dampers: “Do not turn on, people are working.” At the same time, remove the fuse-links from the starting devices of smoke exhausters, blower fans and fuel feeders. Installation and removal of plugs must be carried out according to the approval order.

2.7.6. When working in the boiler, on its platforms and in gas ducts for electric lighting, use a voltage no higher than 12 V.

2.7.7. Before closing hatches and manholes, check that there are no people or foreign objects inside the boiler, as well as that the devices installed inside the boiler are in working order.

2.7.8. If all boilers in a boiler room operating on gaseous fuel were not working, then upon entering it, check with a gas analyzer (or other reliable method) for the presence of gas in the room.

If signs of gas contamination in the boiler room are detected, turn on and off electric lighting and electrical equipment not made in an explosion-proof design, kindle boilers, as well as use open fire prohibited.

Turning on electric lighting and artificial fresh air ventilation is permitted only after a check has established that the boiler room is not polluted.

3. RESPONSIBILITY

3.1. The boiler operator (driver), trained and certified in accordance with the Rules, is responsible for violations of the requirements set out in this Instruction, and in accordance with the current legislation of Ukraine.

1. General provisions

1.1. The boiler room stoker belongs to the category of workers.
1.2. A boiler room stoker is appointed to the position and dismissed from it by order of _______________________________ on the recommendation of _________________________________________________________.
1.3. A person with secondary education is appointed to the position of boiler room stoker. vocational education without any work experience requirements.
1.4. A boiler room fireman is guided in his work activities by:
- regulations, as well as instructions and methodological recommendations regulating activities in the field of maintenance and operation of boiler houses and boiler house equipment;
- the charter of the enterprise;
- internal labor regulations;
- orders and instructions from the immediate supervisor;
- this job description.
1.5. A boiler room stoker must know:
- design and principle of operation of water heating and steam boilers of various systems;
- operational data of boiler equipment and mechanisms;
- arrangement of automatic control devices;
- rules for maintaining the operating mode of the boiler room depending on instrument readings;
- diagrams of pipeline networks and alarms in the boiler room;
- rules for setting up and regulating instrumentation;
- rules and regulations of labor protection, safety and fire protection.
1.6. The boiler room fireman reports directly to ____________________________________________________________.
1.7. During the absence of the fireman of the boiler room (illness, vacation, etc.), his duties are performed by a person appointed in the prescribed manner, bearing full responsibility for their proper execution.

2. Job responsibilities of a boiler room fireman

2.1. The boiler room stoker is required to perform the following job duties:
- maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heating output of over 84 to 273 GJ/h (over 20 to 65 Gcal/h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water and steam boilers with a boiler heating output of over 273 to 546 GJ/h (over 65 to 130 Gcal /h), operating on solid fuel;
- switching supply lines;
- filling and emptying steam lines;
- turning on and off automatic boiler power supply equipment;
- preventive inspection of boilers, their auxiliary mechanisms, control and measuring instruments and participation in scheduled preventive maintenance of boiler units;
- acceptance of boilers and their auxiliary mechanisms from repair and preparation for operation.

3. Rights of a boiler room fireman

3.1. The boiler room stoker has the right:
- for everything provided for by law social guarantees;
- demand from the management of the enterprise assistance in fulfilling its job responsibilities and exercise of rights;
- demand the creation of conditions for the performance of official duties, including the provision necessary equipment, inventory;
- get acquainted with the draft decisions of the enterprise management concerning its activities;
- submit proposals for improvement of the organization and methods of work performed by the enterprise management for consideration;
- request personally or on behalf of the immediate supervisor the documents necessary to perform their official duties;
- improve your professional qualifications.

4. Responsibility of the boiler room fireman

4.1. The boiler room stoker is responsible for:
- for failure to perform or improper performance of their job duties as provided for in this job description - within the limits determined by the current labor legislation of the Russian Federation;
- for causing material damage - within the limits determined by the current labor and civil legislation of the Russian Federation;
- for offenses committed in the course of carrying out their activities - within the limits determined by the current administrative, criminal, and civil legislation of the Russian Federation.

Pension provision for drivers (stokers) of a coal boiler house

In accordance with subparagraph 2 of paragraph 1 of Article 27 Federal Law“On labor pensions in Russian Federation"from 12/17/2001 No. 173-FZ, an old-age labor pension is assigned to men upon reaching the age of 55 years and women upon reaching the age of 50 years, if they have worked in jobs with difficult working conditions for at least 12 years 6 months (men) and 10 years (women) and have insurance experience of at least 25 and 20 years, respectively.

If these persons have worked in the listed jobs for at least half of the established period and have the required length of insurance service, they are assigned a labor pension with a decrease in age (for men - 60 years, for women - 55 years) by one year for every 2 years and 6 months of such work for men and for every 2 years of such work for women.

When establishing early pensions this basis List No. 2 of productions, works, professions, positions and indicators with harmful and difficult working conditions, approved by the resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR dated January 26, 1991, applies. No. 10. Section XXXIII “General Professions” of the specified List provides for boiler room operators (stokers) (coal and oil shale), including those employed in ash removal.

For the period of work before January 1, 1992. List No. 2 of industries, workshops, professions and positions may be applied, work in which gives the right to a state pension on preferential terms and in preferential amounts, approved by the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of August 22, 1956. N 1173.

Section XXXII “General Professions” of this List provides for machinists (stokers) engaged in servicing industrial boiler houses and industrial furnaces.

When determining the right to preferential pensions for boiler room drivers (stokers), the following must be kept in mind. Boiler room operator (stoker) is the full name of the profession (ETKS; issue 1). In accordance with the ETKS, the driver (fireman) of the boiler room services water heating and steam boilers, both in the boiler room and separately located (including on steam railway cranes), as well as heating network boiler installations or compressed steam stations located in the service area of ​​the main units. All these jobs qualify for pension benefits. Required condition To assign a pension according to List No. 2 to a boiler room driver (stoker), service of boilers running on solid fuel (coal and oil shale) is required.

This circumstance must be confirmed by documents in each specific case. Workers who are engaged in servicing hot water and steam boilers (including in boiler houses) operating on liquid and gaseous fuels or using electric heating are given the name of the profession “Boiler House Operator”, which is not provided for in Lists No. 1 and No. 2.

To determine the right to a preferential pension for a driver (fireman) of a boiler house, the heating capacity of hot water and steam boilers does not matter, which can be either less than 3 Gcal/h or more than 130 Gcal/h, as well as the purpose for which steam and water are generated (for technological or household needs).

The operation of the boiler room (boilers), as a rule, is seasonal. That period when the boiler room (boiler) is not working, and the drivers (stokers) are busy repair work, does not count towards special work experience. Drivers (stokers) of boiler houses, who, in addition to servicing hot water and steam boilers, perform ash removal work or are only engaged in removing ash from furnaces and bunkers of boilers, also enjoy the right to a pension according to List No. 2. Along with drivers (stokers) of boiler houses in List No. 2 (section XXXIII) stokers for technological furnaces are provided. They are assigned an old-age labor pension ahead of schedule, provided that they are employed in industries where the main workers enjoy the right to preferential pension coverage.

Qualification requirements - Boiler room operator (stoker) 2nd category

The document status is "valid".

Complete general secondary education and vocational training in production, without work experience requirements.

Knows and applies in practice: the principle of operation of serviced boilers, nozzles, steam pipes and methods of regulating their operation; structure of furnaces of steam boilers, slag and ash bunkers; composition of thermal insulation masses and the main methods of thermal insulation of boilers and steam pipelines; purpose and conditions of use of simple and medium complexity instrumentation; construction of mechanisms for the preparation of pulverized fuel, tools and devices for cleaning nozzles and gold and slag removal; structure and operating modes of equipment for heat transfer boiler installations or boiler steam stations, rules for cleaning grates, furnaces, boilers and smoke boxes of steam locomotives; permissible pressure and water level in the locomotive boiler during cleaning; the influence of atmospheric air on the condition of the walls of the firebox and firebox; procedure for refueling the firebox; basic properties of ash and slag; the order of movement of railway cranes on tracks and roads; rules for planning slag and ash dumps.

Characteristics of work, tasks and job responsibilities

Serves hot water and steam boilers with a total heating output of up to 12.6 GJ/h (up to 3 Gcal/h) or services individual boiler houses with hot water or steam boilers with a boiler heating output of up to 21 GJ/h (up to 5 Gcal/h), which run on solid fuel. Serves boilers of steam railway cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 25 tons. Lights, starts, stops boilers and supplies them with water. Grinds fuel, loads and stirs the boiler furnace. Regulates fuel combustion. Using control and measuring instruments, monitors the water level in the boiler, steam pressure and the temperature of the water supplied to the heating system. Starts and stops pumps, motors, fans and other auxiliary mechanisms. Cleans boiler fittings and appliances. Serves heating network boiler installations or compressed steam stations, which are located in the service area of ​​the main units, with a total heat load of up to 42 GJ/h (up to 10 Gcal/h). Cleans the mint steam and deaerates the water. Maintains the required pressure and temperature of water and steam. Participates in flushing, cleaning and repairing the boiler. Manually removes slag and ash from the furnaces and bunkers of steam and hot water boilers of industrial and municipal boiler houses and the blowers of gas generators, as well as from the grate for the furnaces, boilers and blowers of steam locomotives. Plans slag and ash dumps.

Occupational safety instructions for a fireman driver in a solid fuel boiler room IOT-5

on labor protection for a boiler room fireman driver at solid fuel

1.1.K independent work Men at least 18 years of age may be admitted as a driver (fireman) to service a boiler installation after passing in the prescribed manner. medical examination, passing the exam according to the program for a driver (stoker) of a solid fuel boiler installation and obtaining the appropriate certificate. Re-testing of this knowledge should be carried out at least once a year.

1.2.Upon entry to work and during work, each employee must be given the following briefings: introductory, initial at the workplace, repeated at the workplace (at least once every 6 months), and in case of production necessity and circumstances determined regulations Unscheduled and targeted briefings are carried out on labor protection.

1.3. During work, the driver (fireman) is exposed to the following harmful and dangerous factors:

Physical severity of labor;

Increased temperature, humidity and gas pollution in the boiler room;

Possibility of explosion when operating pressure vessels;

1.4. The driver (fireman) must be provided with the following personal protective equipment:

Suit (jacket, trousers) made of heat-resistant, non-thermal conductive fabric;

Leather boots with thick soles;

Protective helmet made of heat-resistant, non-thermal conductive fabric;

Overalls and a helmet-mask with a hose of the required length in case of work in the firebox.

1.5. The driver (stoker) must comply with the work and rest schedule established in the educational institution, as well as fire safety rules. When operating a boiler installation using solid fuel, there must be one foam fire extinguisher for every two fireboxes in the boiler room. In addition - a box of sand, a shovel, a fire hydrant equipped with a fire hose (trunk). A special place must be allocated and designated for smoking. The driver (fireman) must be familiar with the instructions for fire safety operating in the institution.

1.6.Manager educational institution is obliged to obtain permission to operate boilers in accordance with the established procedure, promptly eliminate all defects of the boiler and piping system, check the control and measuring instruments of the boiler room equipment annually at certain times, and also provide the driver (fireman) with the tools necessary for work (shovel, scoop, containers , a lantern with a glass bulb in case of power failure).

1.7. A telephone or alarm system must be installed in the boiler room to communicate with the manager and a representative of the institution’s administration.

1.8. The driver (fireman) must clearly know where the first aid kit with medicines is located in the boiler room and dressing materials, be able to provide first aid to victims of various types damage to the body (bruises, wounds, thermal burn etc.) using the techniques and methods given in the instructions for first aid in force in the institution.

1.9. It is prohibited to instruct the driver (fireman) servicing the boiler to perform any work that is not related to boiler maintenance while on duty.

1.10. In the event of an accident, the victim must be immediately provided with first aid in accordance with the instructions for first aid. The situation at the scene of the accident must be preserved unchanged in order to conduct an objective investigation of the accident, unless this threatens the life and health of other persons and does not lead to an accident.

1.11.Knowledge and compliance with the requirements of this Instruction is official duty driver (stoker), and failure to comply with them entails types of liability established by the legislation of the Russian Federation (disciplinary, material, criminal).

2.Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, the driver (fireman) must put on the personal protective equipment required by the standards so that there are no hanging or flapping ends.

2.2. When starting work, the driver (fireman) must take over the boilers and boiler room equipment from the previous shift; personally inspect and check their serviceability (position of taps and valves, condition of safety devices, etc.).

2.3. When inspecting the boiler, electric lighting with a voltage of no higher than 12 V should be used. It is prohibited to use kerosene or other lamps with flammable liquids, as well as torches.

2.4. The driver (fireman) is obliged to record the reception of the shift in the logbook. During his duty, the driver (stoker) is responsible for the condition of the boiler room equipment and for the normal operation of the boilers.

2.5. The driver (stoker) must not allow unauthorized persons into the boiler room.

2.6. The boiler room must have a constant flow of air to maintain normal combustion and timely ventilation to avoid gas poisoning.

3.Safety requirements during operation

3.1. During operation of the boilers, the doors of the boiler room, if there are people in it, should not be closed. The exit from the boiler room in winter must be cleared of snow and ice.

3.2. The boiler should be fired up only with the permission of the head of the educational institution.

3.3.If the boiler is re-lit, you must:

Before closing the boiler manholes and hatches, you must make sure that there are no people or foreign objects inside the boiler and gas ducts;

Check the condition of the boiler lining, the presence and serviceability of fittings, instrumentation, make-up, feed and circulation pumps, as well as explosion valves of the furnace and gas ducts;

Check the presence of the required pressure in the supply water main using a pressure gauge, the serviceability of the make-up valve and check valve on the make-up line.

3.4. Repair of boiler room equipment and delivery of fuel may be allowed to an employee only if there are two or more drivers (stokers) in the shift.

3.5. The heating of the hot water boiler should be done with the valves between the boiler and the system open, gradually with the circulation pump turned on, while observing the readings of control instruments (thermometers, pressure gauges).

3.6. The driver (stoker) should not leave the boiler unattended if there is a fire in the firebox. Every time leaving the boiler room, the driver (stoker) is obliged to stop the blower fans and smoke exhausters.

3.7. When operating a hot water boiler, the driver (stoker) is obliged to:

Constantly support required temperature water in the heating system;

Make sure the system is filled with water;

Check the operation of safety valves at least once per shift, monitor the operation of circulation pumps, motors, fans;

If malfunctions are detected, try to restore normal operation while observing personal safety measures. If this is not possible, inform the person responsible for ensuring the safety of the boiler room.

3.8. During work, the driver (fireman) must comply with the following basic safety requirements:

Do not turn on electrical equipment when there is no protective equipment(insulating stands, protective grounding, etc.);

Do not operate the boiler room equipment without guarding the moving and rotating parts (belts, couplings, shafts, etc.)

Beware of burns when removing slag and coal from the firebox, when pouring hot slag and when throwing flames out of the firebox;

If smoke passes from the boiler into the boiler room, stop the boiler operation, ventilate the room and find out the reason for the cessation of draft.

3.9. If it is necessary to stop the boiler as soon as possible after the combustion of fuel (coal) in the furnace has stopped, remove the heat from the grate, leaving the damper and combustion doors open. Carefully pour water over the heat and ash removed from the firebox;

3.10. It is prohibited to carry out kindling if the measuring and safety devices are faulty;

3.11. Work on internal cleaning of boilers and chimneys should be carried out only by two people, to assist each other. The admission of people into the boiler, furnace, chimneys, installation and removal of plugs, opening of valves must be carried out with the permission of the person responsible for the operation of the boiler room, with entry in the logbook.

3.12.Before opening the firebox door, stop blowing enough so that the flame does not escape from the firebox;

3.13.If the power supply is interrupted, immediately turn on the emergency lighting and turn off all electric motors.

3.14. The driver (stoker) is obliged to immediately stop the boilers and notify the person responsible for work in the boiler room in cases specifically specified in the job description.

4.Safety requirements in emergency situations

4.1. In the event of an emergency in the boiler room or another emergency outside the boiler room, but in the immediate vicinity of it, the driver (stoker) is obliged to report it to the immediate supervisor or a representative of the administration of the institution, in the event of a fire - to the fire department. The driver (stoker) himself must remain at his post and not leave the boiler room.

4.2. If the emergency situation is related to the boiler room, then after sending messages (see above), the personnel must take measures to extinguish the fire using available fire extinguishing means, without stopping monitoring the boilers.

4.3. For the most possible types of emergency situations in the boiler room, emergency action plans must be developed and studied by the staff in advance.

4.4. If it is impossible to quickly extinguish the fire and it threatens the boilers, it is necessary to stop the boilers in an emergency, in this case it is necessary to intensively water the boilers with water, drain the water from the hydraulic seal, while simultaneously directing the steam into the atmosphere, release water into the water heating boiler system and take extinguishing measures source of fire.

4.5. Boiler room personnel must know the location of property and fire extinguishing equipment in the boiler room and be able to use them.

4.6. The driver (stoker) must be able to provide first aid to victims in emergency situations; The type of assistance and methods of delivery depend on the nature of the injury to the victims.

4.8. For various types of injuries, victims are usually taken to medical institutions. The exception is cases of complete preservation normal functioning human body, without loss of ability to work.

5.Safety requirements after completion of work

5.1. At the end of the shift, if the shiftman does not show up for work, the driver (fireman) must continue to work, notifying the immediate supervisor or a representative of the administration of the institution about the absence of the shiftman.

2. When handing over a shift, the driver (fireman) is obliged to inform the shift worker about all malfunctions noticed while working in the boiler room. The handover of the shift must be recorded in the logbook.

5.3. When accepting and handing over a shift, both drivers (stokers) sign in the logbook, and the condition of the equipment must be especially noted.

5.4.After this, the driver (stoker) must take a shower with the obligatory use of neutral detergents.

5.5.Personal protective equipment must be processed and placed in a locker for special clothing.

Reviews of Pandia.ru services

Training and development of personnel


Practice


Law


Projects on the topic:

Home

Background information

Technique


Society


Education and science


Business and finance

Business

Leisure

Technologies

Infrastructure

Science

Goods

Services

The editors' opinions may not coincide with the opinions of the authors.

Boiler room operator (stoker)

§ 194. Boiler room operator (stoker) (2nd category)


Characteristics of work. Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heating output of up to 12.6 GJ/h (up to 3 Gcal/h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water or steam boilers with a boiler heating output of up to 21 GJ/h (up to 5 Gcal/h), operating on solids fuel Maintenance of boilers for steam railway cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 25 tons. Lighting, starting, stopping boilers and feeding them with water. Crushing fuel, loading and drilling the boiler furnace. Regulation of fuel combustion. Monitoring the water level in the boiler, steam pressure and temperature of the water supplied to the heating system using control and measuring instruments. Starting and stopping pumps, motors, fans and other auxiliary mechanisms. Cleaning boiler fittings and appliances. Maintenance of heating network boiler installations or compressed steam stations located in the service area of ​​the main units, with a total heat load of up to 42 GJ/h (up to 10 Gcal/h). Purification of crushed steam and deaeration of water. Maintaining the specified pressure and temperature of water and steam. Participation in flushing, cleaning and repairing the boiler. Manual removal of slag and ash from the furnaces and bunkers of steam and hot water boilers of industrial and municipal boiler houses and the blowers of gas generators, as well as from the grates, furnaces, boilers and blowers of steam locomotives. Layout of slag and ash dumps.

Must know: the operating principle of serviced boilers, nozzles, steam-air ducts and methods of regulating their operation; installation of furnaces for steam boilers, slag and ash bunkers; composition of thermal insulation masses and the main methods of thermal insulation of boilers and steam pipelines; purpose and conditions of use of simple and medium complexity instrumentation; arrangement of mechanisms for preparing pulverized fuel, tools and devices for cleaning nozzles and ash and slag removal; design and operating modes of equipment for heating network boiler installations or compressed steam stations; rules for cleaning grates, furnaces and boilers of the smoke box of steam locomotives; permissible pressure and water level in the locomotive boiler during cleaning; the influence of atmospheric air on the condition of the walls of the firebox and firebox; procedure for refueling the firebox; basic properties of ash and slag; the order of movements of railway cranes along tracks and roads; rules for planning slag and ash dumps.

§ 195. Boiler room operator (stoker) (3rd category)

Characteristics of work. Maintenance of water heating and steam boilers with a total heating capacity of over 12.6 GJ/h to 42 GJ/h (over 3 to 10 Gcal/h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual water heating and steam boilers with a boiler heating capacity of over 21 to 84 GJ/h (over 5 to 20 Gcal/h), operating on solid fuel. Maintenance of boilers on steam railway cranes with a lifting capacity of over 25 tons or boilers of steam excavators. Starting, stopping, regulating and monitoring the operation of traction and ash removal devices, stockers, economizers, air heaters, steam superheaters and feed pumps. Maintenance of heating network boiler installations or compressed steam stations located in the service area of ​​the main units, with a total heat load of over 42 to 84 GJ/h (over 10 to 20 Gcal/h). Ensuring uninterrupted operation of boiler room equipment. Starting, stopping and switching of serviced units in heat pipeline diagrams. Accounting for heat supplied to consumers. Mechanical removal of slag and ash from the furnaces and bunkers of steam and hot water boilers in industrial and municipal boiler houses and the blowers of gas generators. Loading ash and slag using mechanisms into trolleys or wagons and transporting them to a designated location. Observation of proper work ash and slag removal mechanisms, lifting and transport equipment, alarms, instruments, equipment and fencing devices. Washing off slag and ash using special devices. Participation in the repair of serviced equipment.

Must know: design of the equipment and mechanisms used; methods of rational combustion of fuel in boilers; diagrams of heat, steam and water pipelines and external heating networks; the procedure for recording the results of equipment operation and heat supplied to consumers; the importance of timely removal of slag and ash for normal operation boilers; rules for caring for serviced equipment and ways to eliminate deficiencies in its operation; types of boilers serviced; rules and methods for loading and transporting ash and slag; systems - lubrication and cooling of serviced units and mechanisms; rules for maintaining records of the operation of ash and slag removal mechanisms and equipment; installation of simple and medium complexity control and measuring instruments.

§ 196. Boiler room driver (stoker) (4th category)


Characteristics of work. Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heating output of over 42 to 84 GJ/h (over 10 to 20 Gcal) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water and steam boilers with a boiler heating output of over 84 to 273 GJ/h (over 20 to 65 Gcal/h) operating on solid fuel. Monitoring the water level in boilers, pressure and temperature of steam, water and exhaust gases using control and measuring instruments. Regulation of the operation (load) of boilers in accordance with the steam consumption schedule. Monitoring the fuel supply. Maintenance of heating network boiler installations or compressed steam stations located in the service area of ​​the main units with a total heat load of over 84 GJ/h (over 20 Gcal/h). Prevention and troubleshooting of equipment.

Must know: design and maintenance rules for boilers, as well as various auxiliary mechanisms and boiler fittings; basic information on heating engineering, various fuel mixtures and the influence of fuel quality on the combustion process and the thermal performance of boiler units; fuel preparation process; technical specifications on water quality and methods of its purification; causes of malfunctions in the operation of the boiler installation and measures to prevent and eliminate them; device, purpose and conditions of use of complex instrumentation.

§ 197. Boiler room operator (stoker) (5th category)


Characteristics of work. Maintenance of hot water and steam boilers with a total heating output of over 84 to 273 GJ/h (over 20 to 65 Gcal/h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual hot water and steam boilers with a boiler heating output of over 273 to 546 GJ/h (over 65 to 130 Gcal/h) h) operating on solid fuel. Switching feed lines. Filling and emptying steam lines. Turning on and off automatic boiler power supply equipment. Preventive examination boilers, their auxiliary mechanisms, instrumentation and participation in scheduled preventive maintenance of boiler units. Receiving boilers and their auxiliary mechanisms from repair and preparing them for operation.

Must know: design and principle of operation of water heating and steam boilers of various systems; operational data of boiler equipment and mechanisms; installation of automatic control devices; rules for maintaining the operating mode of the boiler room depending on instrument readings; diagrams of pipeline networks and alarms in the boiler room; rules for setting up and regulating instrumentation.

§ 198. Boiler room operator (stoker) (6th category)


Characteristics of work. Maintenance of water heating and steam boilers of various systems with a total heating capacity of over 273 GJ/h (over 65 Gcal/h) or maintenance in the boiler room of individual water heating and steam boilers with a boiler heating capacity of over 546 GJ/h (over 130 Gcal/h), operating on solid fuel

Must know: design features complex instrumentation and automatic control devices; calorific value and physical properties fuel; elements of the fuel balance of boilers and its compilation; rules for determining the coefficient useful action boiler installation.



We recommend reading



Related Posts