No matter how far progress advances, nothing can replace letters on paper. They contain a smell that neither a tablet, nor a laptop, nor e-book. People are used to learning about new products and news from newspapers and magazines, reading and re-reading their favorite books, and solving crosswords. The holiday of printing is dedicated to labor collectives who work every day so that others can enjoy their leisure time.

Story

The initiators of the holiday were the printers themselves. They have been seeking the right to their professional day for many years. Their dream came true in 2013. Since then, there has been one more event on the Russian professional calendar.

The date of the celebration was timed to coincide with the beginning of work on the first printed book in Rus' - “The Apostle”. Two book printers worked on its creation for a year, from April 19, 1563 to March 1, 1564.

By the middle of the 16th century, Grand Duke Ivan the Terrible ordered the construction of the first printing house. Russian printing began from that time.

About the profession

A printer is a person who has perfect knowledge about the types, types and methods of printing and printing. A printer can produce attractive products, the creation of which requires a special range of tools and techniques. Each paper product has passed through the hands of printing professionals.

Championship in creation printed book belongs to China. In the 9th century BC. e. The first books were printed there using wood engraving technology.

In printing there are two unusual looking: aromatic and stereo. In the first, aromatic paints and varnishes are used. The second is based on the fact that the eyes perceive each object from a different angle. This creates a feeling of depth in the drawing.

Day Russian press The country has been celebrating January 13th for several centuries. It was introduced in December 1991 at a meeting of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation. And now the date has become a wonderful occasion to celebrate achievements in the field of writing, publishing and journalism.

Brief history

The first machine-printed publication appeared on the territory of the Principality of Moscow more than 300 years ago. Until this moment, periodicals were simply absent in Russia. In 1703, Peter the Great began publishing the first newspaper, which was called Vedomosti.

The head of state believed that it was thanks to periodicals that it would be possible to convey information about the glory and power of the great country to the common population and awaken patriotic feelings among readers. The newspaper was published in major cities, namely: St. Petersburg and Moscow.

How did printing develop in the future?

Chronology of development:

• In the 19th century there was more than one newspaper; there were about 100 throughout Russia. printed publications: almanacs, journalism, economic and technical literature, political bulletins, etc.
• On May 5, 1912, the newspaper Pravda, a famous Bolshevik creation, was published. That is why in the USSR it is customary to celebrate Press Day on this very date.
• In 1913, the press treasury included about 400 printed media, which were produced in large quantities (more than 2,500 copies). Some of them were published twice a day to keep the population informed about all the affairs of the state.
• The official celebration of the Day of Printing Craftsmanship in the USSR took place for the first time on May 5, 1922 - on the 10th anniversary of Pravda. Since then, the solemn event began to be held regularly, demonstrating the achievements to the public in the press.

Who's celebrating?

This holiday is professional for:

• journalists;
• correspondents;
• editors;
• publicists;
• proofreaders;
• typesetters;
• and other professions related to publishing and work in the media.

Employees of printed publications are those people who know how to speak beautifully and skillfully, as well as format what is said. Thanks to oratory, beautiful style and visualization of the presented material, we will always be aware of current events.

Every year there are more people for whom Press Day is a professional holiday. In 2009, compared to 2000, the number of printed media increased by 1.5 times. By 2014, about 88 thousand had already been registered. various options transmission of information through the media.

Celebration traditions

Every year on this day, the most worthy representatives of the Russian mass media receive the Presidential Prize of the Russian Federation, as well as federal and regional material rewards. In addition, future journalists who are still “gnawing the granite of science” in educational institutions, but already have on their account interesting projects, a special scholarship is awarded.

Throughout the Russian Federation, numerous competitions and conferences are held for “sharks of the pen”, where representatives of the profession can share their experience and demonstrate their achievements to colleagues.

January 13 – professional holiday to all our “writing brethren”, Russian Press Day. It is celebrated by journalists, correspondents, editors and representatives of many other professions involved in the production of newspapers, magazines, and now electronic publications. Russian Press Day was established by the deceased Supreme Council Russian Federation December 28, 1991 The date January 13 was not chosen by chance. On January 2, 1703 (January 13, new style), the first issue of the newspaper “Vedomosti about military and other affairs worthy of knowledge and memory that happened in the Moscow State and in other surrounding countries” was published. It was the first Russian printed newspaper, founded by decree of Peter I. Before the Supreme Council of the RSFSR established on January 13, 1991 new date, which was then re-established almost a year later by the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation, the Soviet Union celebrated Soviet Press Day on May 5, in honor of the publication of the first issue of the newspaper Pravda.

On Russian Press Day or the days closest to it throughout Russia, branches of the Union of Journalists of Russia, editorial teams, and simply friendly companies colleagues hold various special events and festive meetings. They honor veterans of the press, congratulate each other, and do not forget about the youth. But an equally important matter, which real journalists do not forget, is to remember deceased colleagues, including those who died in the line of duty. professional responsibilities. Despite the fact that most journalists are peaceful people, many have never held anything other than cameras, voice recorders and keyboards in their hands; this is one of the most dangerous professions today.

Soviet military officers at the Reichstag

Thousands of journalists are currently located in almost all “hot spots” on the planet. They do not have military weapons, but they risk just as much as armed soldiers, often being in the most dangerous places, literally “on the front lines.” But besides “military” journalists, almost every representative of the profession, which ordinary people have nicknamed “the second oldest,” is at risk to one degree or another. A journalist from the most seedy provincial newspaper, the most obscure TV channel or website can broach the “wrong” topic and suffer for it. The scale of revenge of the “heroes” of the publications is varied - from a bomb in a car to planted drugs, from a beating in the entrance to an allegedly accidental traffic accident.

About the glorious path of military journalists during the Great Patriotic War Patriotic War a lot has been written. “With a watering can and a notepad, or even a machine gun,” workers of the Soviet press were invariably located in the most dangerous sectors of the front, next to ordinary soldiers and commanders of the Red Army. In the very first days of the war, about 20 film groups were already sent to the front, and there were also much more numerous military correspondents for printed publications. By the way, the words of the famous song “or even with a machine gun” are by no means the bravado of “sharks of the pen” trying to exaggerate their contribution to the victory. Many war correspondents were military officers of the Red Army, and in the most dangerous moments of the battle they replaced incapacitated commanders.

Glorious is the feat of Sergei Aleksandrovich Borzenko (1909-1972), who served as a military correspondent for the newspaper of the 18th Army “Banner of the Motherland” of the North Caucasus Front. In July 1942, Quartermaster 3rd Rank Borzenko was awarded the medal “For Courage” - he was in the front attack chain of the battalion and showed courage in repelling German attacks. In November 1942, Borzenko was awarded the Order of the Red Star - in the area of ​​​​the village of Khodyzhenskaya, Borzenko, who was part of a reconnaissance group as a liaison officer, destroyed the enemy with machine gun fire and grenades. But Sergei Alexandrovich accomplished his main feat during the Kerch-Eltigen operation. Military correspondent Borzenko was sent by the editors of the newspaper “Banner of the Motherland” to the location of the 318th Novorossiysk Mountain Rifle Division. Marine battalion captain N.A. Belyakov, attached to the 1339th Mountain Rifle Regiment, was supposed to land on the Crimean coast. Along with the marines was the military correspondent Borzenko, to whom the editors set the task of writing a report on the entry Soviet troops to the ground Crimean peninsula. On October 31, 1943, at about 10 p.m., in the Taman area, captain Belyakov’s marines and military correspondent Borzenko boarded a slow-moving boat and on the night of November 1, 1943 crossed the Kerch Strait under Nazi fire. Marines landed on the peninsula.

During the landing operation, all the officers of the detachment were killed. The only officer among the marines was Major Borzenko. And he more than justified his military rank. The military commander led the Marines, ordering them to make a passage through the wire fences. Borzenko led the defense of the captured bridgehead, temporarily turning from a journalist into the commander of a marine unit. But, at the same time, true to his duty as a front-line correspondent, Sergei Alexandrovich did not forget about his main task - within a few minutes he wrote a 50-line report and handed it over to a messenger for delivery to Taman. Within a few hours, the newspaper Znamya Rodina published the article “Our troops broke into Crimea!”

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of November 17, 1943, Major of the Administrative Service Sergei Alexandrovich Borzenko was awarded the high rank of Hero Soviet Union. Many famous Soviet writers, poets, and publicists also worked as war correspondents during the terrible years of the Great Patriotic War. Among them were, for example, Mikhail Sholokhov, Konstantin Simonov, Leonid Panteleev. Playwright and screenwriter Johann Seltzer served as editor of the Baltic Fleet newspaper. He died while on duty official duties journalist on a battleship that was sunk by Nazi aircraft.

Everyone knows the name of the famous Tatar poet, writer and publicist Musa Jalil - Musa Mustafovich Dzhalilov (1906-1944), who fought with the rank of senior political instructor and was a correspondent for the newspaper “Courage”. Musa Jalil was captured, but did not lose his head - he imitated going over to the Nazi side and was sent to the Idel-Ural Legion, created by the Nazis from representatives of the peoples of the Volga region. There Musa Jalil began to conduct underground work, organizing escapes of prisoners of war. However, in the end the group of Musa Jalil and his comrades was exposed. On August 25, 1944, Musa Jalil was executed in Plötzensee prison. But the posthumous award he deserved did not immediately overtake the hero - only in 1956 Musa Jalil posthumously received the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

We owe war correspondents and journalists not only that they raised the morale of the Red Army soldiers with their reports and articles and Navy, formed a victorious mood, debunked the false myths of Hitler’s propaganda. It was the military officers, these brave people with cameras, who captured many of those very moments, looking at which today we have an idea of ​​the harsh wartime. Photographs of soldiers and officers, liberated cities and villages, captured Nazis, dramatic episodes of battle, capturing evidence of war crimes by Nazi troops - all this is the work of war correspondents. At the same time, the war correspondents themselves were rarely seen on camera - there was no time for that.

Not years have passed, but decades. And new trials fell on the land of the once united country. A bloody war has begun in Donbass. On June 17, 2014, near the village of Metalist near Lugansk, a VGTRK film crew working there came under mortar fire from Ukrainian troops. Twenty-six-year-old sound engineer Anton Dmitrievich Voloshin (1987-2014) died immediately. Thirty-seven-year-old special correspondent Igor Vladimirovich Kornelyuk (1977-2014) died thirty-five minutes later in the hospital. On June 20, 2014, Vladimir Putin signed a decree awarding Igor Kornelyuk and Anton Voloshin the Order of Courage (posthumously). On June 17, 2015, a memorial plaque was unveiled on the VGTRK building in Moscow.

Almost two weeks later, on the night of June 30, 2014, near Avdeevka, 15 km from Donetsk, opposite the Spartak state farm, a Channel One film crew came under fire. Cameraman Anatoly Sergeevich Klyan (1946-2014) was wounded in the stomach, which turned out to be fatal for him. Anatoly Sergeevich was an elderly man. He was already 68 years old, with more than forty years of work on television behind him, business trips to the “hot spots” of Afghanistan, Chechnya, Iraq, Yugoslavia, and Syria. Donbass became the last combat mission of this wonderful person and professional. On July 2, 2014, Anatoly Klyan was posthumously awarded the Order of Courage. On July 1, 2015, a memorial plaque was unveiled on the building of the Ostankino television technical center in memory of cameraman Anatoly Sergeevich Klyan.

On August 6, 2014, near the city of Snezhnoye in the Donbass, Andrei Alekseevich Stenin (1980-2014), a special photojournalist of the Joint Directorate of Photo Information of MIA Rossiya Segodnya, was killed under fire. He was only thirty-three years old. Since May 13, 2014, Andrey was on a dangerous and difficult business trip to Ukraine. He filmed his famous footage in Kyiv, Donetsk, Lugansk, Mariupol, Shakhtersk and Slavyansk. On September 5, 2014, Andrei Stenin was posthumously awarded the Order of Courage. He came fourth Russian journalist, who died in the Donbass in the bloody summer of 2014. A school in the village of Gornyatskoye on the territory of Donetsk was named in honor of Andrei Stenin People's Republic.

But it was not only in the combat zone that journalists who tried to objectively cover the dramatic events that unfolded on the territory of a neighboring state were killed. A journalist does not have to go to the front to risk his life. On July 13, 2014, the body of a man with traces of brutal torture was found in a forest belt near Dnepropetrovsk. This was the journalist who disappeared on June 18 in Mariupol, editor-in-chief Mariupol newspaper “I want to go to the USSR” Sergei Dolgov. Presumably, he could have been kidnapped and killed by soldiers of one of the Ukrainian units.

On April 16, 2015, at about 1:20 p.m. in Kyiv, Oles Aleksandrovich Buzina was shot dead near his own house by unknown assailants. Writer and journalist, very talented and interesting person, Oles Buzina has long held a critical position towards the Ukrainian authorities and the ongoing national policy. Oles Buzina stated back in the mid-2000s that nationalist, far-right sentiments were gaining strength in Ukraine.

A supporter of the trinity of the Russian people, Oles Buzina called himself both Russian and Ukrainian at the same time. He very sharply criticized the policies of the Ukrainian state, especially after the very nationalists he opposed in the mid-2000s came to power in 2014 in the wake of Euromaidan. Many authors put the murder of Oles Buzina on a par with the murder of the famous Ukrainian writer Yaroslav Galan that occurred 65 years earlier. Let us recall that Galan, who was also a fiery denouncer and opponent of Nazism, was brutally murdered Ukrainian nationalist, who was able to gain the confidence of the writer.

In this line of mourning, one cannot help but remember our colleagues who died in the recent crash of the Tu-154 plane over the Black Sea. There were three film crews from federal television channels on board the plane. The crew of Channel One included correspondent Dmitry Runkov, cameraman Vadim Denisov and sound engineer Alexander Soydov. The film crew of the NTV channel was represented by correspondent Mikhail Luzhitsky, sound engineer Evgeny Tolstov and cameraman Oleg Pestov. From the Zvezda TV channel, journalist Pavel Obukhov, cameraman Alexander Suranov and assistant cameraman Valery Rzhevsky were heading to Syria on a Tu-154 plane. All of these are young men, excellent professionals.

Director of the Department of Culture of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, State Advisor of the Russian Federation, 2nd class, Anton Nikolaevich Gubankov (1965-2016), who was also on board the Tu-154 aircraft, was also a journalist with extensive experience. Since 1985 he has worked at various means mass media. In 2012-2013 Anton Gubankov served as Minister of Culture of the Moscow Region, from where he came to the post of Director of the Department of Culture of the Ministry of Defense.

Of course, in the format of a small article it is impossible to mention even any significant part of total number journalists and media workers who died in the line of duty. But to all of them - eternal memory.

In our difficult times, the work of a journalist is not only about covering certain events, but about trying to get to the bottom of what is happening. The press has long been one of the essential tools conducting modern information wars. An author, publicist, or journalist, especially one who writes on political topics, sooner or later faces the question of which side of the barricades he is on. And the main thing is to do it right choice, remaining with his country and his people. On Press Day, it remains to wish all colleagues who honestly perform their duties endless creative energy and constant improvement professional excellence, health and without loss.

Officially, Printing Day in Russia began to be celebrated in 1993. The President of the Russian Federation signed a decree establishing January 13 as press day in 1992. Until this day, this holiday was celebrated on May 5th. It’s not for nothing that printing is celebrated on January 13th. This date has its own history.
Printing dates its history back to 1703, when on January 13 he signed a decree announcing the beginning of publication of the first newspaper Vedomosti. But the publication of the newspaper did not immediately become regular. The title of the first issue was very long and difficult to remember. This newspaper was not published continuously and did not have official name. It was printed alternately in Moscow and St. Petersburg. The content of the newspaper also left much to be desired. It published excerpts from foreign publications, as well as decrees of the Tsar and the Duma.
But, nevertheless, the beginning of the printing business in Russia was made. Over time, the newspaper developed, and already in 1719 it had its own journalist and translator, Yakov Sinyavich. This fact significantly changed the appearance of the newspaper. It contained many articles about what was happening in the capital and in Russia in general. They also began to publish interesting facts and solve numerous issues.
Beginning in 1728, the newspaper received its name “St. Petersburg Gazette”. Its circulation was about 4 thousand copies. From that time on, printing began to develop everywhere. In 1813, a newspaper was published in Astrakhan, and in 1870 periodicals began to be published.

Since then, the profession of journalist has become more in demand. Therefore, Press Day in Russia is celebrated everywhere. Everyone is in a hurry to congratulate their loved ones and acquaintances on their professional holiday. The president of the country recognizes the merits of journalists and awards grants and prizes to those who have particularly distinguished themselves in the professional field.
Colleagues at work also do not ignore this holiday. The management recognizes the most worthy and arranges concerts and organizes a holiday, developing a special scenario for it. Press Day is celebrated throughout Russia.
The profession of a journalist is very important for the entire life of the country. Covering all events in the political, spiritual and social life of the state, they do not ignore even the most insignificant news. It is thanks to them that we learn about everything that is happening in the world and the country. We find ourselves in the thick of things and can fully participate in all events.
When celebrating Press Day in Russia, we always remember those who gave their lives covering what was happening in dangerous areas, and the profession of a journalist is always a certain risk. They show the truthful side of current events, and not everyone likes this way of putting the question. But this is the meaning of the work of people in this profession.
The independence of journalism and all print media is the main condition for objective coverage of everything that happens in the world. The president of our country always mentions this when congratulating on the day of printing in Russia. Only then will we be able to receive truthful and reliable information about all events. And only in this case the profession of a journalist makes sense.
There are many talented journalists and reporters in our country who can raise global issues concerning the life of our state. Thanks to them, many problems are solved and do not remain closed. They help people achieve justice when they are faced with arbitrariness and indifference. Printed publications carry out numerous campaigns to help sick children and disabled people. Thanks to them, many of them found a second life.
The role of print media in our lives is enormous. Each of us necessarily looks through some newspapers and magazines. Therefore, we can say that this is a common holiday. A holiday of independence and objectivity.

The holiday of newspapers and magazines is usually celebrated in January by the entire writing fraternity. After all, it is at the beginning of the year that Russia will celebrate Press Day - a holiday of paper media, a holiday of everyone who is in any way connected with the creation of periodicals.

Who's celebrating?

Humanity, in an effort to learn something new, is coming up with more and more new ways of transmitting information.

Information electronic systems inevitably come to the fore, pushing aside their predecessors. But nevertheless, paper media do not lose their relevance. Newspapers and magazines are not just nostalgia for the past, they are a whole art, which for some has become a favorite way of obtaining information - it’s so nice to rustle fresh leaves periodicals that still smell of printing ink.

For others, it has become the meaning of life. A whole armada of specialists in their field works on any newspaper, magazine, even with a minimum circulation. These include journalists, photojournalists, designers, proofreaders, and editors. And, of course, typesetters, layout designers, all the specialists responsible for the publication of a new copy.

It is these guys who will celebrate Russian Press Day in January 2017.

History of the holiday

The history of printing began at the beginning of the 18th century. Like many progressive ideas of that time, the decision to publish a printed newspaper belonged to Peter I. The newspaper was called “Vedomosti” and it was first published on January 13, 1703.

The purpose of this publication was to disseminate information about the reforms being carried out in the country. It was this event that later became the starting point when choosing the date of the holiday.

But the original version of the periodical holiday was associated with another important date. Press Day was immediately established in 1991 with a celebration date of May 5th. This was the date of publication of the first Soviet patriotic newspaper “Pravda” back in 1905.

But already at the end of 1991, by decision of the Presidium of the Supreme Council, both the number and name of the holiday were changed. Now, including in 2017, Russian Press Day is celebrated, and the date is dedicated to Peter the Great’s newspaper, January 13.

This number was more acceptable for the writing fraternity.

Since publishers and journalists celebrated their professional holiday in a close circle on January 13, long before the adoption official document, according to which the date was approved when Russian Press Day is celebrated.

Congratulations on Russian Press Day

On this wonderful day I would like to congratulate all printers on an amazing holiday. And even if your professions are not at the origins of human development, over 300 years they have been able to change the consciousness of millions. And today, how a person perceives the world and events depends on your work. So let the information provided by your publication always be accurate and truthful. And the sharpness of thought, global vision, accuracy of assessments and impartiality of judgments will become distinctive features your work. Happy holiday!

To all journalists, publishers, editors,

We will find words for everyone from the heart

Let's say you always write.

Happy holiday

Happy Printer's Day.

And heartfelt words

For any messenger.

Let your projects

They don't run out of ideas.

So that newspapers can

Make people happy.