It is known that mumiyo, mumiyo-asil, mumiyo-bragsun, mountain balm is a natural resin-like product of biological origin, flowing from the crevices and crevices of the mountains.

The types of mumiyo are described: golden mumiyo - red, silver - white color, copper - of blue color, dark - brown-black, etc.

The composition of mumiyo is very unstable. Usually mumiyo contains: zoomelaiodine, humic, hippuric, benzoic acids, amino acids, salts, trace elements (from 12 to 28), plant residues.

By location and appearance differ:

1. Cadaverous mumiyo - a solid or waxy mass of dark color. It is formed during mummification or the slow decomposition of the corpses of animals and insects. Ancient mumiyo was usually obtained from the mummified corpses of people and animals.

2. Lichen shilajit is a thick or hard resinous mass. It is formed as a waste product of lower plants, mainly Inca lichen.

3. Archa mumiyo - a resinous brown-black mass with a resinous odor. It stands out from the trunk and roots of juniper, pine, spruce, is transferred by water to the soil, mixes with soil elements and forms streaks on rock crevices.

4. Bituminous mumijo - a liquid or wax-like mass of dark color, formed as a result of anaerobic decomposition of dead plants. It differs from oil in that it does not contain volatile hydrocarbons, since it is formed close to the soil surface and quickly loses volatile components.

b. Excrement mumiyo - petrified excrement of small animals, mainly rodents and bats (the most common type),

6 Honey wax mummy - a yellow, brown or black mass, a product of the vital activity of wild bees, polymerized as a result of prolonged lying.

7. Mineral mumiyo - found high in the mountains, in the voids of rocks, where neither animals nor plants could get, indicates the possibility of the formation of mumiyo from minerals, but with the obligatory participation of microorganisms or protozoa.

Comparing various literary sources, from ancient times to the present day, we came to the conclusion that all assumptions regarding the origin of mumiyo are speculative, often not supported by solid evidence.

Therefore, we propose for a general discussion our hypothesis about the formation of mumiyo, which is based on the following provisions.

1. Shilajit is found mainly in the mountains or dry hot areas.

2. All types of mumiyo, regardless of location and mechanism of formation, contain organic carbon.

From this it follows that:

1. All types of mumiyo are of organic origin.

2. The following can serve as a material for the formation of mumiyo:

a) soil microorganisms,

b) the simplest,

c) animals

rj animal highlights,

d) plants

e) trace elements.

The variety of initial products for the formation of shilajit, as well as natural conditions, prompted us the idea of obtaining this complex of physiologically active substances in laboratory conditions. We managed to prove that the substance obtained in this way resembles natural mumiyo in its appearance, chemical composition and pharmacological action. This complex of physiologically active substances can serve as the basis for the formation of a product that we call "mumiyo".

In the highlands, where there is reduced, my oxygen content, strong winds, sharp drops temperatures, a large amount of ultraviolet radiation and an increased radioactive background, as well as in hot, dry areas, the activity of microorganisms that ensure the decomposition of organic residues is sharply reduced.

Because of this, conditions are created in nature when the biomass of animal or plant origin, which is not destroyed by microorganisms, mummifies and polymerizes over time and hardens in places not accessible to moisture, and in other places they are dissolved by soil water and dispersed in the soil or form in soil sinter structures in voids.

In a pharmacotoxicological study, such substances become physiologically active and, when used in certain doses, in appropriate dosage forms, have a healing effect on the pathological process of animals or humans.

Mountain balsam (mumiyo) is such a product formed under the influence of physical and chemical phenomena of nature, mainly of natural organic origin.

Modern theory of mummy education

biologicalLife appeared on Earth 500 billion years ago.years ago inprebiotic period. Mumiyo is afundamentallyprimitive terrestrial silicon life,whichoncebegan to develop, but was pushed aside by the rapidly evolving carbon life that came out of the water. silicon lifecouldfinally give an evolutionary resulttatnotsmaller than the current evolution. Mumiyo -powerfulbiostimulator. It passes in a person through all his structural levels straightening them.Bones- the most dense plan in a person, and mumiyo most strongly affects them. Mumiyo is primordial and even affects the human genetic code.

The evolution of our planet inevitably includes catastrophic periods. Catastrophicity, according to researchers, is associated with the absorption by our planet of protostellar cosmic material periodically brought by comets. Periods last for millions of years. The supposed extinction of the dinosaurs, and probably of all biotics in general, 65 million years ago, may have been related to such a catastrophe.

One can try to imagine what happened when a comet approached the Earth, having oxygen in the sphere. Abundant and rather dense matter burst into the atmosphere and burned, impoverishing | the latter with oxygen. The entire sky from horizon to horizon turned into a burning torch, followed by fading, after which came a sticky, cold darkness. All living things, having organs of perception, from such a hell grouped and died, covered with a layer of oxide cosmic elements. The thickness of the cosmic material layer during each catastrophe is recorded in the geological sections of the planet. Catastrophes on Earth have been repeated, so the cuts are a multi-layer cake consisting of sand, clay and other oxides stuffed with decay products of plants and animals.

It is known that fallen trees, plants or animals under the influence of atmospheric oxygen and microorganisms gradually undergo putrefactive degradation with the formation of simple molecules that participate in the circulation of substances. As a result of such a cycle, the appearance of coal, oil and chalk in the depths is impossible. However, they are. The fact of their layered arrangement indisputably testifies to the multiple rapid burial of all life on Earth, followed by autolysis.

Scientists have experimentally shown that known fossils make up only a smaller part of the total mass of the products of the destruction of living matter. The main mass is water solution products of destruction of living systems that once inhabited the Earth. In mountain regions in waterproofcollectorssuch solutions can be concentrated to a table-like, fusible, fluid mass. Similar mineral-organic substrates (MOS) are pressed onto the surface of rocks during thermogeodynamic processes.Insofar asMOC contains all the substances from which life begins and to which it is reduced indestructionunder certain conditions, it is a therapeutic and nutritional agent for all living systems. Animals, birds and insectsuse ISOfor such purposes.ISOnot aboutgets alongcumulative property, and its excess inunchangedform is excreted from the body with the producttamimetabolism, which creates the phenomenon of "mumiyo".

People most often find shilajit in the mountainous regions of the planet, in places where insects accumulate, near bird nests or animal camps, and therefore objectively associate its origin with the life of one or another biotic species. There were even curious attempts to obtain mumiyo while keeping wild animals in captivity. However, of course, nothing came of this, since the animals did not receive the MOC, which they fed in vivo. A person can also “produce” shilajit if he eats MOS in excess. In order to increase athletic performance, some coaches have given their athletes over-the-counter MOCs. However, instead of going to the start, the athletes "started" in the other direction, because the excess of MOC leaves the body with the so-called indulgence.

Shilajit is used by bioticsystemsincluding humans, with deepantiquities.

It was usedall the great healers of the past, but until now no one knew about its nature.Everysmokethe researcher found in mumiyo something thatlal availableanalytical method at his disposal. So it turned out that the word "mummy" means an infinite number of natures.nyhmixtures. Knowledge of the original essence of MOS made it possible to most fully determine the composition of many varieties of shilajit. Shilajit differs significantly from MOS and cannot be uniquely identified. Moreover, depending on the degree of pre-mineralization, shilajit can even be toxic. MOS is completely harmless. As a result of the above, the MOS can be considered a phenomenal natural pharmacy with necessary set"drugs" selectively chosen by biotic systems (microorganisms, plants and animals, including humans) for any deviations from the norm. With the discovery of MOS, for the first time, humanity has the opportunity to prevent and treat many diseases.fromknown and unknown pathologies without prior expensive and often incorrect diagnosis and examination, stimulation of reproduction, growth and development.

The study of mumiyo from “reading translations of ancient manuscripts in which this medicinal product was mentioned. From these sources, as well as from the oral reports of local folk physicians-tabibs, it is known that mumiyo is mined in the mountains. Therefore, the task was set - to find deposits of this natural balm in the mountainous regions of Central Asia and thereby refute the opinion that mumiyo is available only abroad to Tibet, Afghanistan, Iran and other countries.

On the initiative of the Uzbek Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics in 1964, the Ministry of Geology of Uzbekistan ordered exploration parties in the search for minerals along the way explored” and the mumiyo deposit. Searches began in Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan. Collections of samples were collected even abroad during geological work there (mainly in Afghanistan and the Arab countries). Thus, the opportunity arose to continue the study of mumiyo and conduct experiments now on a larger scale.

Special expeditions went to the spurs of the Chatkalsi Range. Great help in the search and extraction of mumiyo was provided by local enthusiasts: a resident of the village of Burch-Mulla Olim Khaitov, an electrical engineer from Samarkand A.N. Dyachenko, turner M. I. Baryshev, A. Suleimanov, T. Zarinov (from Kyrgyzstan), A. S. Sharikov (from Fergana), S. T. Akimov (from Frunze), 3. Khakimov (from Tashkent) and many other.

Geological work on the comprehensive study of mumiyo in the mountainous regions of Uzbekistan showed its confinement to certain landscape belts and zones. The studied area is a promising area for the identification and extraction of shilajit raw materials. It is possible to organize the extraction of purified shilajit in sufficient quantities annually, since molasses shilajit is able to recover, but the timing of recovery has not been precisely established, therefore, additional field studies are needed.

More than 50 sources of mumiyo were discovered in the Chatkal, Zarafshan, Turkestan, Pamir, Tien Shan, Kopetdag mountainous regions of Central Asia and it was found that its industrial reserves can fully meet the needs of medicine in our country, given the small doses of the balm due to its high efficiency.

Observations during the expedition in search of mumiyo and surveys of its locations confirm that this is a mineral from rocks. Mumiyo was mined in deep caves, grottoes at high altitudes (2800-3000m), in places inaccessible to animals and birds. (Fig. 5).

In August 1976, the scientific and technical council of the USSR Ministry of Geology recognized that mumiyo belongs to the category of minerals.

The study of mumiyo in the line of geological science for the first time began within the walls of the Institute of Geology and Geophysics of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR thanks to the organization in 1977 of a special laboratory for the study of mumiyo. The laboratory carried out a thematic study of the distribution patterns and features of the geological structure of the occurrence of shilajit with an assessment of the prospects for the renewability of its reserves.

The initiators of these studies on the study of mumiyo were Ph.D. honey. Sci., Honored Geologist of the Uzbek SSR N. P. Petrov, Ph.D. geologist. Sciences Z.N. Khakimov, head laboratory of hypergenesis, capd. Geological and Mineralogical Sciences T.K. Karzhauv and other employees. The chemical analysis of the elemental composition of the organic part of mumiyo, spectral analysis, infrared spectrometry, chromatography. Sections of host mummy-bearing rocks were studied. A map of the distribution of mumiyo in the regions of the Uzbek SSR and schematic maps of the territory of mumiyo reserves were compiled.

Rare historical information, as well as the stories of some mummyologists and prospectors for the extraction of mumiyo confirm the opinion about the renewability of mumiyo reserves. Revealing the renewability (restoration or regeneration) of mumijo as a result of its continuous formation in the zone of "hypergenetic processes", according to geologists, has great importance to assess the prospects for production.

For the introduction of this drug into practical and scientific medicine, the obtained samples of mumiyo were subjected to a comprehensive study.

Study of physical and chemical properties. The chemical composition of mumiyo has not yet been studied. First of all, we determined its physical and chemical properties.

Physical properties mumiyo. Purified from impurities and extracted mumiyo-asil is a homogeneous mass of dark brown color, elastic consistency, with a shiny surface (Fig. 6), a peculiar aromatic odor and a bitter taste. Specific gravity 2.13; melting point 80°C; pH 6.5-7. During storage, mumiyo gradually hardens due to moisture loss.

Mumiyo has a specific smell, reminiscent of the smell of juniper.

Rice. 6. A sample of purified mumiyo.

When dissolved in water, a colloidal solution is formed. The color of the solution changes depending on the degree of its concentration. The color of a weak solution is pale yellow, an average concentration is wine-yellow, and a high one is black (dark).

Mumiyo has a very high hygroscopicity. actively absorbing water from environment, mummy gradually goes into solution. It is interesting to note that the mumiyo, which is in the evaporator of the refrigerator, also actively absorbs water and passes into a semi-liquid state, despite the low temperature in the refrigerator.

The chemical composition of the Central Asian mumiyo was studied for the first time in 1963 by A. Sh. Shakirov and A. M. Mirzakarimov.

Shilajit is a complex mixture of organic and non-organic organic matter. The moisture content in shilajit samples depends on the primary processing of raw materials, storage time and temperature, and varies under normal conditions from 15 to 20%. The quantitative content of the components in different samples of mumiyo varies somewhat, but in general, the composition of mumiyo purified from impurities from different sources is homogeneous.

Studies of the chemical composition of natural mumijo showed that it consists of two parts: organic (90%) and inorganic (10%).

The organic part of the mumiyo was studied for certain amounts of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and ash, amino acids, vitamins, hormones, enzymes and other compounds, and the inorganic part - mainly oxides of potassium, calcium, sodium, magnesium, etc.

Studies of samples of Uzbek mumijo in the laboratory "Oil and gas potential of the water area" of the Institute of Oceanology named after. P. P. Shirshov Academy of Sciences of the USSR showed that various samples Shilajit have almost the same physical and chemical properties, differing only in the ratio of individual components.

A general chemical analysis showed that the balsam of the Central Asian mountains contains a large amount of organic substances, as well as silicate groups of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, iron, titanium, calcium, lead, magnesium, barium, manganese, sodium, potassium and small amounts of strontium oxide. In addition to these compounds, mumiyo contains sulfur and phosphoric anhydride.

According to the analysis, the mumijo consists of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, it contains a lot of other various elements: aluminum, calcium, silicon, sodium, potassium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, barium, sulfur, bismuth, nickel, cobalt, tin, strontium, chromium, gallium, molybdenum.

It follows from the foregoing that mumiyo is a complex, apparently, organometallic compound, outwardly similar to a resinous substance, the organic part of which consists of carbon, hydrogen, and the inorganic part of nitrogen, aluminum, sodium, potassium, silicon and many other trace elements. It is apparently formed as a result of complex chemical and biochemical transformations of the original organic matter occurring in the surface part earth's crust in the zone of hypergenesis with active participation natural water, oxygen, and possibly microorganisms.

Some scientists studying the substance believe that the mummy is one of the varieties of geological rock. Others believe that the mummy occurred in the process of synthesis of animal waste products, wax, various natural resins and plant residues.

They find mummy in the form of frozen nodules on the rocks in the highlands of the Caucasus, Pamir, Altai.

According to its chemical composition, the mummy found in different regions differs from each other. To date, about three dozen have been found in the composition of the substance. chemical elements, various trace elements, metal oxides, vitamins, amino acids, essential oils and resins. The full composition of the chemical and organic compounds that make up the mummy has not yet been determined. Several compounds have been found that are not present in any living organism.

High-quality mummy is a very dark elastic substance that is easily soluble in water and almost insoluble in alcohol. The aroma of a real mummy is peculiar - bitterness with a spicy tint. In the air, it loses moisture and becomes solid. The storage period is unlimited.

Healing has been known since ancient times. Currently, the list of diseases that are treated with drugs based on it is very extensive.

Extract

In 2000, the Pharmacological Committee under the Ministry of Health Russian Federation a decision was made to allow the release and use in the treatment of the medicinal product “Dry Shilajit Extract”. It began to be produced in the form of tablets of 0.2 g. Today it is used in the treatment of patients with postoperative period as a tonic.

In the ancient Middle Eastern countries, the quality of mumijo was determined by the duration of bone fusion during fractures in small animals. The mummy was dissolved in oil and the fracture site was smeared with this mixture. If the bone grew together in a day, the mummy was recognized as genuine.

Features of the action of the substance

There are some nuances that you need to know when taking mummy. Possible deterioration general condition health during the first three to five days of admission. If such a phenomenon occurs, the age of the patient and the nature of his disease should be taken into account, but it is not worth stopping the course of treatment, it is better to correct replacement therapy. After taking the drug, you should reduce physical activity and lie down quietly for half an hour.

In general, only a doctor prescribes a course of treatment and a dose. It is not recommended to self-medicate with mummy preparations. Having a stimulating property, mumiyo affects the process of cell division in the body, however, preparations with it are not causative agents of oncological neoplasms. Contraindications are recognized only for pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers.

Mummy is used for the treatment a large number diseases since time immemorial. It is a dark brown or black solid mass with a bitter taste. If you heat it up, it will become soft. Shilajit consists of a complex complex natural ingredients, including mineral and organic compounds, and has unique properties. Shilajit tablets contain a huge amount of humic acids and are used to treat a wide range of diseases.

Instruction

Shilajit is sold in pharmacies in the form of tablets of 0.2 g. In most cases, the daily dose is 0.3 g of Shilajit. Depending on the disease, the doctor may change the dosage.

Tablets are also prescribed for adolescents after 14 years of age. They are taken several times a day. In the morning - on an empty stomach and in the evening - half an hour before meals. As a rule, the course of treatment is 20-25 days. In some cases, the treatment time can be extended up to several months. The tablet is dissolved in 3 tablespoons warm water. The solution must be drunk immediately, otherwise it will lose healing properties.

Mummy tablets treat many diseases:

Mummy is used in the treatment and duodenum and in diseases of the intestine;

It helps with diseases of the liver and kidneys;

If you suffer from cholecystitis, diabetes or cystitis, mummy will help to cope with these diseases;

If you are having trouble breathing, in particular bronchial asthma, a course of mummy tablets will greatly alleviate your condition;

Shilajit helps to cope with headaches, insomnia and diseases of the nervous system;

They are used as a treatment for impotence and infertility;

The tool perfectly helps and wounds of various origins;

Kiseleva T.L.
Doctor of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Professor
President of the Professional Association of Naturists
Frolova L.N.
PhD in Pharmacy
Dronova M.A.
Pediatrician

Over several millennia of human existence, humanity itself, its diseases and the means for their treatment have gradually changed. However, for more than three thousand years different parts of light among different peoples, the mysterious and mysterious mummy remains the same medicine. In order to list the diseases in which the mummy was considered and is still considered effective in traditional (folk) medicine of different times, countries and peoples of the world, several pages of text will be required.

In other words, regardless of nationality, religion, medical culture and the level of development of official medicine, the peoples of different countries (not taking into account the legal permissive or prohibitive measures of official health authorities!) Have been using mummy for medicinal purposes for almost 40 centuries.

If you look at the publications and oral art devoted to the effectiveness of the mummy, then it seems that we have a panacea, that is, a remedy for all diseases.

On the other hand, there are publications that claim that the mummy:

not allowed for use in Russia,
it's just rodent droppings
nothing more than a placebo and a myth,
has a fickle chemical composition, which has not yet been studied
constantly falsified
produced in artisanal conditions, etc.

Indeed, scientifically based information about the mummy is scattered across numerous publications and is actually not available in a generalized form to a practical doctor.

Taking into account the numerous and very contradictory historical information about the miraculous healing properties of the mummy, from the beginning of the 60s of the 20th century, diverse studies of this complex organo-mineral product began in the USSR.

This process was driven by a number of factors:

1. Information came from the Central Asian republics and India about miraculous cases of "cure" of hopeless patients. There was a myth about a panacea.
	2. Handicraft-made very expensive mumiyo "preparations" began to spread throughout the USSR, bypassing the pharmacy network and official medical institutions.
3. Shilajit fakes flooded the whole country. They were prepared from condensed pear juice and sea buckthorn oil, rodent droppings ash and other substances of organic and mineral origin.
	4. In medical institutions lethal cases and neglected forms of various diseases began to be recorded, due to prolonged self-treatment of patients with “drugs” of mumiyo. Sometimes people gave their last to buy them.
5. In the republics of Central Asia and the Caucasus, a planned study of natural resources began for the production of domestic medicines of plant, animal and mineral origin.
	6. Numerous amateur expeditions and climbing groups carried out reconnaissance and mapped the places of mumiyo localization for the purpose of its further harvesting.
7. Numerous articles appeared in newspapers and magazines devoted to the "miraculous balm".
8. Since 1965, scientific symposiums began to be held in the USSR, the only topic of which was mummy.
9. In the days of the USSR, at the clinical bases of the 4th Main Directorate under the USSR Ministry of Health, which served the party and state elite of the country, Indian mummy was widely used, which came from India under the name Shilajit (manufactured by Dabur India Ltd.).

But why is Mumiyo (Shiladzhit) effective?
What diseases?
What is the chemical composition and active principle of Mumiye (Shilajit)?
Is it possible in artificial conditions reproduce mummy?

There were no answers!

Taking into account all these factors, in 1993 the Research Institute of Traditional Treatment Methods of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, as the only scientific institution in a country dealing with the problems of studying and substantiating the experience of folk and traditional medicine in different countries,

The Ministry of Health ordered:

1) Conduct a comprehensive study of domestic and foreign mummy (in a comparative aspect).

2) To substantiate the expediency of its application in clinical practice.

3) Develop methods for its identification and standardization.

Despite the 40-century history of the study and use of shilajit, there is still no consensus about its genesis and the mechanism of organic matter supply to the place of accumulation and formation of shilajit. Numerous hypotheses of origin exist and are constantly being born, often contradictory and very exotic, usually of a speculative nature and not supported by scientifically sound evidence.

Supporters of the endogenous hypothesis consider mumiyo a product of geological processes. Representatives of the biogenic hypothesis are a product of biological processing of dead plant remains, animal excrement, or both together under certain physicochemical conditions, or a secondary product, the mineral components of which are formed as a result of various migrations, for example, during due to mechanical contamination of the liquefied mummy. There are points of view based on the junction of two hypotheses, as well as unproven exotic ones:
Some authors consider Shilajit to be “the saliva or burp of a snow petrel that spits out a fatty substance in self-defense.” Pink colour, freezing and hanging from the rocks like stalactites. According to other researchers, mumijo is “an emanation from dinosaur burials, thickened urine or a product from the sperm of mountain goats,” etc.

GEOGRAPHY OF MUMIE DEPOSITS IN RUSSIA

On the territory of the Russian Federation, deposits have been discovered in the Altai-Sayan mountainous country (Gorny Altai, Tuva), South Yakutia, and the North Caucasus. On the territory of the CIS, mummy-bearing regions have been explored in Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan, the mountains of Central Asia: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan.

According to the pharmacognostic classification of K.F. Blinova and N.V. Syrovezhko, all products known under the term mummy, according to morphological, physico-chemical and pharmacological properties, are divided into 2 main groups:

I. Shilajit itself - coprolite, mummy-bearing breccias, as well as film and sinter (evaporite) forms of its manifestation.

II. Mummyoids combining ozocerite, saltpeter, fossilized vegetable resins and gums, mountain wax, white, stone and mountain oils, Antarctic mummy, lofor (ancient water humus buried in marine sediments under atmospheric conditions).

The first group is called natural mummy”, “natural mummy” (Z.N. Khakimov et al., 1983), “mineral-organic compounds” (MOS) (V.Yu Daryanin. et al. 1987), “mineral-organic substances” ( MOV) (Yu.A. Orlov, 1999).

The second group is “mummy-like substances” (L.B. Kovalsky, R.M. Nikitin, 1973; K.T. Poroshin, 1964), “mummy-like products” (Yu.N. Nuraliev, 1972) , "mumnoids" (Dusmatov V.D., 1991), "mumiyoids" (Dusmatov V.D., 1991).

On the territory of the Russian Federation, one of the natural varieties of shilajit, coprolitic, is most widely represented. During its formation, the process of lithification (petrification) of phyto- and zooorganic remains is most clearly manifested in a mixture with fragments and gruss (a product of physical weathering of crystalline rocks such as granite) of rocks, soil formations .The process proceeds with the removal of excess water, crystallization of colloids, chemical, biochemical substances, change mineral composition components and formative education.

Coprolite mumiyo is known as mumiyo-dorobi, mumiyo-salajidi, Transbaikal bragshun, Pamir and Altai shilajit, mummy-asil, kimiyo. Outwardly, coprolites are a dark brown or brown-brown mass of a peculiar odor, heterogeneous in structure. consisting of undigested mechanical and integumentary tissues of plants.

Another natural variety, which has a slight distribution within the Russian Federation, is divided into two subtypes according to its state of aggregation: mummy-bearing breccia and evaporite mummy. Evaporite mummy includes water-soluble formations in the form of streaks, icicles and shiny black, and sometimes dull gray, thin films that stain the roofs and walls of caves, niches, grottoes and other large cavities.

Mummion-bearing breccias are coarse-grained rocks consisting of cemented angular fragments of various rocks. Rocks are most often represented by fractured limestones, and the binder is mumiyo-containing clay mass. According to most geologists involved in this problem, mineral-organic substances enter mumieno-bearing breccias by migration of the water-soluble fraction of coprolite mumiyo when it is dissolved by atmospheric precipitation.

V different countries there are names of mummy in the native language. Local names duplicate or contradict each other, subjectively reflecting the quality, conditions of occurrence, origin, and a wide range of therapeutic applications.

To date, the international and generally accepted Latin names mummies are absent.

Our research, based on data in the field of synonymy and etymology of mummy, made it possible to compile a terminological dictionary, which was included in the Methodological recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation "Application of the terms of natural therapy and natural pharmacy in practical healthcare" (Kiselyova T.L., Karpeev A.A., 2000 .). The dictionary contains 127 mummy terms, of which the following are the most common:

Asil (or mumiyo asil) is the local name for mumiyo in Central Asia, meaning "the best", "real", "priceless", "extremely rare". In appearance, it is a brown substance of various shades with a matte or shiny surface (depending on age), dense, hard-plastic or plastic consistency, sometimes viscous, liquid or fluid, with inclusions of plant detritus and stems, single grains of feldspar and quartz, rodent droppings.

Balsam, balsam of the mountains - local names for mumiyo in Kyrgyzstan and other regions of Central Asia. Baragshin, barakhshin - local names for mummy in Siberia and Buryatia, meaning "mountain or stone oil".
Brakshun - ibid., "stone oil".
Baragzhun, barag-shun - local names for mummy in Tibet, Mongolia, Buryatia, meaning in translation "rock juice (s)", "mountain digested", "rock blood", "blood of primary elements", "rock nectar", "juice jewels", "medicinal juice of the five elements", "red element of the universe", "suppressing earthly diseases", "liver essence", "mountain balm". Refers to the coprolite mummy, which is part of the "Actual mummy" group.

Breccia (mummy-breccia, mummy-bearing breccia) is a kind of sagging mummy, in which mummy is a binder, regardless of the filler. In appearance, it is an intensely fractured rock, often limestone, the cracks and caverns of which are filled with mummy-containing clay mass of brown shades.
Mountain oil is the local name for mummy in Southern Siberia. Oil of mineral origin, related to natural products algarite type, heavily polluted by modern formations or entirely composed of the latter, consisting of water-soluble salts of aluminum, iron and minerals of the halotrichite group. It occurs in the form of streaks or a spongy whitish-brown mass covering a thin layer (1-2 cm thick) of the arches of caves and located in protected from direct action atmospheric precipitation places. Belongs to the group "Mumioids".

Mountain wax is the local name for mummy in Southern Siberia. In appearance, it is a dark brown, waxy cluster of fringed icicles hanging from the ceilings of caves and niche recesses. Belongs to the group "Mumioids".
Mountain tar is the local name for mummy in Southern Siberia.

Dorobi (or mummy dorobi) - accumulations of excrement of small rodents (two types of pikas), cemented with a resinous substance from reddish to dark brown or black; dense or hard-plastic, less often elastic consistency, with a strong specific odor and a bitter-astringent taste. Refers to coprolite mummy, which is included in the Central Asian varieties of the group "Actually mummy".

artificial mummy - substance, obtained by mummifying the corpses of animals, insects, people or in laboratory conditions from medicinal plants, rodent droppings, resembling the primary mummy in appearance.

Coprolite mummy - black, dark brown or brown-brown mass of a peculiar (specific) pungent odor, bitter or bitter taste, heterogeneous in structure. Most of the mass is occupied by granules of various sizes and shapes, which are the remains of litter and consist of undigested mechanical and integumentary tissues of plants glued together with a black or dark brown tar-like homogeneous substance.

Mumiyoi, abbreviated mumiye, means "preserving the body", "protecting the organism" or "protector of the organism" and comes from the Greek word Juno. This interpretation is due to the fact that in ancient times, mummy mixed with honey, tar and extracts from medicinal plants (onion, garlic, medicinal dandelion or various types of eucalyptus) was used to mummify corpses, which were later called mummies. Over time, the meaning of "preserving the body" became wider and was used not only to denote the ability of the mummy to preserve and preserve a dead body, but also to treat various ailments.

Mineral-organic substances (MOV), mineral-organic compounds (MOS) are synonymous names for the group "Own Shilajit".

Mumioids (syn. mumiyoids, mummy-like substances, mummy-like products, mumnoids, mumyeloids) are a group of natural formations that resemble mumiyo in appearance. The group includes ozocerite, saltpeter, fossilized vegetable resins and gums, mountain wax, white, stone and mountain oils, Antarctic mumijo, lofor (ancient water humus buried in marine sediments under atmospheric conditions.

Saladjidi is a reddish, dark brown, black, dark brown or brown-brown mass with a strong specific odor, a bitter astringent taste, heterogeneous in structure, dense or hard-plastic, less often plastic consistency. Most of the mass is occupied by granules of various sizes and shapes, glued together by a black or dark brown, reddish or dark brown tar-like homogeneous substance, which are the remains of the droppings of small rodents (two species of pikas) and consist of undigested mechanical and integumentary tissues of plants. Refers to coprolite mumiyo, which is part of the Central Asian varieties of the group "Actually mumiyo".

Salojit is the local name for shilajit in India.

Shalaja, Shalajma, the names of the mummy in India, derived from the name of the rare fish Shalajma, which lives in the Indian Ocean. Melted fish fat, shaken in a clay pot and purified by the action of the sun, becomes like red honey.
Shilajatu (Shilajatu) is a synonymous name for mummy in Bengali.

Shilajit is an organo-mineral product of natural origin, which is pieces of various shapes and sizes of a heterogeneous dense solid mass with an uneven or granular, matte or shiny surface, brittle or hard-plastic consistency with inclusions of vegetable (parts of stems, roots, seeds), mineral (pieces of mountain rocks) and animal origin (“grains” of a round, oval or spindle-shaped shape, 1-3 mm in size; insect shells, wool, etc.), enclosed in a resinous substance of brown, dark brown, black with pale gray spots of color, specific smell, in the formation of which rocks, soil, plants, animals, microorganisms take part. It differs from other products of natural origin by the presence of a characteristic spectrum of amino acids free and after hydrolysis (with a content of the sum of amino acids after hydrolysis of at least 1.8%, of which the sum of glycine and glutamic acid is at least 35%), fatty acids of lipids (with a content of saturated fatty acids not less than 0.01%) and a characteristic fluorescence spectrum with excitation within wavelengths of 272 + 0.2 nm, 330-370 nm, 300-310 nm and emission within wavelengths of 301 + 0.2 nm, 450 + 0, 2 nm, 430+0.2 nm. Used in medical practice to obtain the substance (mumijo dry extract) and various dosage forms.

Extracts (from lat. extractum extract, extraction, pull out) - concentrated extracts from medicinal raw materials. Known for several millennia BC. Depending on the extractant used, they are divided into: aqueous (extracta aquosa), alcohol (extracta spirituosa), ethereal (extracta aetherea), oily (extracta oleosa). They are distinguished by consistency: liquid extracts (extracta fluida), thick (extracta spissa), and dry (extracta sicca) - loose masses with a moisture content of not more than 5%. Extracts are the official dosage form in the Russian Federation. Features of their preparation and quality assessment methods are described in the State Pharmacopoeia.

Extractive preparations - medicines received in industrial environment by extracting medicinal raw materials of natural origin. Extraction preparations include: tinctures, extracts, maximally purified (new-galenic) preparations and preparations of individual substances.

Particularly important in terms of traditional medical schools world is the fact that any water extracts have an increased affinity for living organisms, both due to homogeneity with their internal environment, and due to evolutionary development higher organisms from the lower ones by coming to land from the water.

That is why in all traditional medical systems of the world, water extracts are obtained from mumiyo, from which dry extracts are subsequently prepared.

In the process of obtaining a dry extract, all ballast hydrophobic compounds and rock are removed from the raw material. From the inorganic (mineral) part, in which macro- and microelements are both in a free state and in the form of oxides, hydroxides and insoluble salts - lime, potash, calcite, dolomite, quartzite, sylvin, arcanite, etc., the latter upon receipt of the extract from the raw materials are separated and discarded. Water-insoluble proteins, fats and other groups of biologically active substances that have no affinity for the aquatic environment of the body are removed from the organic part.

Ready mummy dry extract (EMS) is packed in capsules, mixed with lactose, since it is very hygroscopic,

or tablet.

On the territory of Russia, EMS is registered in accordance with the established procedure and enters the pharmacy chain and specialized retail outlets in the form of dietary supplements for food.

There is still no consensus on the origin of the mummy.

Ancient authors, in particular, believed that it was a derivative of bees. For example, Biruni in his “Mineralogy” writes: “...Bees seal their honey and baby with black wax with a sharp specific smell. This is a medicine for bruises and wounds, it is expensive and rare and is called in Persian "mumiyo" ... Mumiyo is a mountain resin, in some respects corresponding to amber and aromatic resins, it is also possible that mumiyo is the thickened urine of mountain goats urinating during the rut and the same place...

In the 12th century, Muhammad Hussein Alani described that a deep pit was formed in the place of many years of extraction of mummy. It was covered with a large stone, which could only be moved by 50-60 people. Once a year, the pit was opened, and the person who descended into it collected the mummy that had accumulated in the form of a thin film on the water that had collected in the pit. It also accumulated in the form of scales on the walls of the well, on the stones at its bottom. The stones were removed and boiled in water, and then the frozen mummy was removed from its surface.

However, it is now well known that the mummy is highly soluble in water, therefore, it cannot “freeze on its surface in the form of a film”

Some scientists of the East believed that the mummy is formed from vapors that rise from the bowels of the earth along the cracks of mountain rocks and freeze under the influence of low ambient temperature. Others - that the mummy is a mountain wax. In particular, L. Beruni writes: "Mumiyo is asphalt, mountain resin." Avicenna also called mummy mountain wax - ozocerite. “Mountain wax,” he wrote, “has the same strength as solid and liquid bitumen mixed together, only it is more useful.”

In one pharmacopoeia oriental medicine it is described that in ancient times corpses were mummified by treating them with mummy, honey, resins and other substances. They have been preserved for centuries. Sometimes the corpses were washed away by the floods of the rivers - such mummified corpses are equivalent to the mineral mummy ...

Perhaps, based on this theory, the German scientist Blount in the 16th century believed that there was only a “human” mummy obtained from embalmed human corpses.

So what is a mummy?

Modern researchers have discovered mummy in the territory of the former USSR - in the Pamirs, Tien Shan, Altai, the Caucasus, Transbaikalia, the Western and Eastern Sayan and in many other places. It has been established that mummy can be found only in mountain ranges with increased tectonic activity. Its distribution zone is exclusively on treeless southeastern and southern slopes with a high warming temperature.

Shilajit is found in four forms: in a mixture with the excrement of mice, flying squirrels, with the excrement of a mountain gopher and, finally, in the form of small icicles, streaks, thin films, all with the same excrement.

It may very well be that in this case the animals act as a kind of factory, absorbing the finished mummy and accumulating it in their feces.

Some scientists believe that the mummy is of oil origin.

In Y. Nuriliyev's book "Mumiyo and its medicinal properties", the sources from which he took the mumiyo are described in detail, with an emphasis on "mumiyo flowing out of the cracks."

The biohypotheses about plant origin mumiyo lie the facts of its finds in the form of resinous formations hanging on the roots of juniper from crevices of rocks.

The thickness of such roots reaches 5 cm, length - 20 cm. The similarity of the biological properties of mumiyo and bee propolis indicates that mumiyo is a product of the activity of wild bees in the highlands.

Another biohypothesis speaks of the lichen origin of the mummy.

It is based on the fact of the widespread development of numerous lichens near the known deposits of shilajit, and the organic components of lichens, washed off by natural waters and solutions, penetrate into cracks and voids in rocks and are deposited there from small water droplets in the form of sinter formations.

Close to the lichen hypothesis is the idea of the formation of mummy due to lipids, fats, waxes, resins that accumulate in grasses on the surface of mountains. These lipids, penetrating into the soil, migrate along with moisture along the cracks, where microorganisms - fungi - rapidly develop in the substance of the mummy, under the influence of which balsam can be formed.

The basis of zoohypotheses is the significant prevalence of coprogenous Shilajit.

As a rule, coprolites, bonded with a resinous substance, are composed of the remains of vegetation surrounding the area: branches, straw, dry leaves, fruits, grains, etc. It is assumed that it is they, after passing through the gastrointestinal tract of animals, that become the healing basis of natural mummy.

Based on the above hypotheses about the origin of Shilajit and summarizing modern data, seven types of Shilajit can be distinguished.

Cadaverous mummy is a dark-colored solid or waxy mass formed during the slow decomposition of the corpses of animals, fish, and insects.

Lichen mummy - a thick or hard resinous mass - a waste product of lower plants.

Juniper mummy is a resinous brown-black mass with a resinous odor, isolated from the trunks and roots of juniper, spruce, and pine.

Bituminous mummy - a liquid or wax-like mass of dark color - a decomposition product of plants that do not contain volatile hydrocarbons.

Excremental mummy - petrified excrement of small animals (the most common type).

Honey-wax mummy - a yellow, brown or black mass - a polymerized waste product of wild bees.

Mineral mummy - found high in the mountains, in the voids of rocks, where neither animals nor plants could get.

Thus, all types of mummy are the product of polymerization of organic residues.

The materials for its formation can be both soil microorganisms and protozoa, as well as animal secretions, plants and microelements, and it is in high mountains, where the reduced oxygen content, sudden temperature changes, winds, strong ultraviolet radiation, and increased radioactive background are constant. In addition, in hot dry areas, the activity of microorganisms that ensure the decomposition of organic residues is sharply reduced. For these reasons, the biomass of animal and plant origin, which is not destroyed by microorganisms, gradually mummifies and polymerizes, hardens and forms sinter structures in the voids of the soil. Based on this, it can be assumed that in the "young" mountain formations with increased tectonic activity, in sedimentary rocks a huge amount of initial biological material is probably immured, which is the remains of algae, fish, and other marine organisms from the bottom of the sea that was once here, and finally, excrement different kind rodents that existed in these places millions of years ago ...

Through thorns to the legalization of the mummy

It is not surprising that the Russian Pharmaceutical Committee for a long time he did not dare to legalize a new medical product, referring to the lack of clear scientific evidence of therapeutic efficacy, reliable standardization methods and a single scientifically based method of technological processing of raw materials. At the same time, mumiyo as a drug was already produced and used in India, Iran and a number of other countries.

Here is what, for example, is stated in the information for patients on Indian preparations of mummy in capsules and tablets:

“Composition: Shilajit is a complex mixture of organic matter of plant and animal origin with inorganic minerals and compounds. Contains iron, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iodine, potassium, tannic acid, lime, hippuric and benzoic acids, alkaloid benzoates and glycoside, as well as organic mixtures such as hormones, enzymes, vitamins, etc.

Indications: various medical and therapeutic properties of mumiyo - exudate (exudation) from rocks in the heat - have been recognized for several centuries. It is recommended as a general tonic for a wide range of gastrointestinal disorders, bleeding disorders, anemia, inflammation, obesity, enlarged liver and spleen, kidney disease and intestinal disorders type of dyspepsia, worms, constipation. General tonic effect: mummy gives fresh strength to the elderly, restores strength and vitality. Especially effective for anemia and senile dementia. This is caused by the minerals “mumiyo enzymes”. The Russian Pharmaceutical Committee has known mumiyo since 1964, when, on its behalf, the Tashkent Medical and Leningrad Chemical and Pharmaceutical Institutes began to study and standardize the target product. Conducting clinical trials was allowed by the Pharmaceutical tag three times during these years Moreover, for the second time, tests were carried out in six institutions of the country for a year and a half and on more than 700 patients.But only the Uzbek Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics gave positive conclusions...

After that, the Pharmaceutical Committee unsuccessfully tried to get any drafts, articles from the developers; laboratory examinations each time showed the impossibility of reproducing the reactions of authenticity to steroids and amino acids, and the proposed samples of finished dosage forms did not meet the necessary requirements at all.

After that, the Pharmaceutical Committee made another decision: not to allow the medical use of mummy preparations due to the lack of scientific and technical documentation that would allow to control the standardization of the drug. However, the pressure of enthusiasts did not weaken, and in 1987, by order of the then Minister of Health of the USSR E. I. Chazov, a laboratory for the study of mummy was organized at the Kyrgyz Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology. Unfortunately, after the death of the initiator of these works, Candidate of Medical Sciences V.I. Kalygin, research on mumiyo ceased there. At the end of 1989, M. I. Savinykh and his colleagues drew up their program based on the Novosibirsk Institute of Clinical Immunology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. At the end of 1990, it was supposed to implement the preparation of a draft pharmaceutical article, but at that time a well-known financial crisis broke out, and all allocations ceased.

At the same time, a similar attempt was made by the Moscow MNTK "Progress" on the basis of the brainchild of the military-industrial complex - the Physico-Technical Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Interestingly, they received appropriations from the government commission for Chernobyl on the personal instructions of a high-ranking liquidator who unexpectedly corrected his male power by means of artisanal mummy preparations. By the end of 1992, clinical trials were planned at the Kiev Institute of Radiation Medicine, where numerous samples were collected, the elemental composition and organic chemistry mumiyo, a purification technology was developed, a large spread of indicators was confirmed even within the same deposit ... Alas, the work was also interrupted at this point.

At the same time, Nevinnomyssk, Brest and Samara factories of household chemicals without pharmaceutical articles launched the production of creams and shampoos with mummy. In Kazakhstan, a pharmaceutical plant according to Polish and Czech recipes (!) produced a food supplement "Microelam" - honey with mummy. It is interesting that the word "mumiyo" is not mentioned in the information - it was diplomatically replaced with "extract of mineralogical substances". But this does not change the essence of the matter. For the same hidden reasons, Kyrgyzstan began to produce similar products under the name "Tien Shan Murugu".

Some cosmetic firms by network marketing, and in fact - semi-legally, distributed creams with northern Chinese mummy. A number of former military factories have mastered the tableting of resinous mummy aggregates based on hygienic certificates of biologically active additives...

As for the Siberian scientists, the Sibdalmumiye Research and Production Company chose its own path. On the basis of mummy samples from Gorny Altai, Yakutia, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, Mongolia, Vietnam and India, in collaboration with the Research Institute of Traditional Treatments (Moscow), Novokuznetsk State Institute for Postgraduate Medical Education, Scientific Research Chemical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Novosibirsk Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS and the already mentioned IKI SO RAMS company developed a technology for obtaining and pilot production regulations for the production of mummy powder, methods for assessing microbiological

purity and antibacterial activity, ways of electron-beam sterilization of the substance, identification of the immunoactive properties of mumiyo for testing the biological activity of various samples, methods for reliable identification of the powdered substance of mumiyo were created, allowing to distinguish it from any products of natural origin, The norms for the quantitative content of the sum of saturated fatty acids and amino acids were determined and mummy substances. A patent was received for "Method of identifying mumieno-like substances".

Finally, the Institute of Nutrition of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences certified food products Brag-jun and Brag-jun with propolis as biologically active additives.

It was not for nothing that Moscow geologists came to study the Siberian mummy, carrying out their part of the work in the Chernobyl program, in connection with the radioprotective properties of the mummy.

The literature on mummy today has more than one and a half thousand sources, including 300 of a scientific nature, 20 dissertations have been defended, including 6 doctoral ones. Production organizations have compiled more than a dozen geological reports, meetings and symposiums have been held...

Origin of the name "mummy"

The origin of the name mummy is still unclear. Translated from Greek, it means "preserving the body." In Iran, the source of mummy is located near the town of Oyin, and there is an assumption that the word mum-oyin was formed from the combination of the words "mum" - "soft" and the name of the place. The Arabs call it oracle-jtbod (mountain sweat), in Burma - chao-tui (mountain blood), in Tibet and Mongolia - bragshaun (rock juice), in Altai - barakhshin (mountain oil).

As for the Greek translation, it probably has a considerable justification. The Museum of Antiquities in Berlin lists the mummy number 721 - this is the embalmed body of a one-year-old Egyptian prince who died about 2.5 thousand years ago. Imagine the surprise of scientists from the University of the Swedish city of Unsala, where Egyptian mummies were sent for restoration, when it was discovered that one of them was showing signs of life!

Several cells were extracted from the left calf of the little prince, from which DNA was isolated. The biologists decided to determine whether the obtained DNA fragments were capable of functioning, and for this purpose they divided one of them into small parts, where they introduced E. coli bacteria. And here a sensation awaited them: the bacteria continued to divide, recreating in each generation a copy of the modified plasmid, each of which contained a fragment of the mummy's DNA. This means that DNA, without losing its functions, came to life after almost two thousand years of sleep! Now it is enough to extract a DNA molecule from a mummy's cell, transplant it into an ovum, previously devoid of a nucleus, and, having introduced this ovum into the uterus of a modern woman, in due time to get a live child at the "age" of 2.5 thousand years! Moreover, it will be a complete heap of the little prince, his twin brother.

Such is the extraordinary power of the mummy used by the ancients when embalming human remains.

In Chile, in the Atacama Desert, famous for its extraordinary dryness, at the mouth of the Caiorones River, about a dozen perfectly preserved embalmed mummies were found, whose age, established by radioactive analysis, is at least 7 thousand years. Today, these are the oldest mummies known to science. Mummies were found in Egypt, India, China, and various places in the Middle East, Central and Central Asia, Africa, America and Europe. And although the methods and methods of embalming were different, the end result is the long-term preservation of the mummy in an unspoiled form.

Embalmed drinks used in antiquity are reported in the alchemical writings “The Book of Camarius, the Philosopher and High Priest with Instruction for Cleopatra on the Divine and Sacred Art of the Philosopher’s Stone”: “All wonderful and terrible secrets are hidden in you. Initiate us by illuminating all the elements with your radiant image. Let us know how the higher descends to the lower, and how the lower rises for the higher, and how what is in the middle approaches both the higher and the lower, merging and forming one whole. Show us the blessed waters falling from on high to awaken the dead who lie around the center of Hades, chained in darkness, how the elixir of life reaches them and awakens them, raising them from deep sleep like the new waters that were formed during their mortal sleep, under the influence of light, penetrate them. The vapors support them, rising from the depths of the sea, they support the waters.

Skull fragment found in Kenya. The fragment is 2.5 million years old, which is 300,000 years older than the oldest fossil human ancestors known so far. In the north of South America (Chile), the embalmed remains of people found are considered the oldest mummies known to science, belonging to the culture of hunters and fishermen, gatherers of sea mollusks, which disappeared as a result of a catastrophic earthquake.

Embalming has been mastered by man since ancient times. They embalmed leaders, leaders, military leaders, heads of families, clans, tribes, etc. It is known that the doctor of the king of Nanarra, Guy de la Fontaine, traveled specially to Egypt in 1564, collecting information about the mummy. He saw at the merchants of Alexandria up to 40 varieties of mummy made from bodies of the dead slaves, from the corpses of puppies. The bodies were treated with bitumen and dried in the sun or buried in hot sand in special vessels. Therefore, the German scientist Blount (1656) believed that there was only a "human" mummy from embalmed corpses. He quotes from the writings of another physician, Huxleite (1599): "And these dead bodies are mummy, which doctors and pharmacists force us to swallow against our will."

With such a view of the mummy, it is natural that the famous surgeon Ambroise Pare, the personal physician of Charles IX, the Huguenot, whom the king saved in his bedroom during St. Bartholomew's night, forbade the use of mummy in large doses, since neither the doctor nor the pharmacist selling it, nothing did not know about its origin.

Nevertheless, John Parkinson (1567 - 1650) wrote in his "Herbal" about the successful use of mummy in various diseases, a English doctor Roberg James in 1776 included mummy in the Pharmacopoeia as a resinous substance, black, shiny, with pleasant smell and sour-bitter taste...

Herodotus in the book "History of the Wars of the Romans", characterizing the culture, life and rituals of the ancient Persians, writes: "... Concerning the dead (deceased): having covered the corpse with wax, the Persians betray it to the earth." Unfortunately, he does not mention the name of the wax. If this name refers to the period of the emergence of the Zoroastrian era, then it can be assumed that the ancient Persians were engaged in mummification of corpses with the help of mumiyo, and the expression "mummification of corpses", or, in short, "mummy", arose as a result of processing and drying corpses with the help of tate" mummy, and the ancient Egyptians borrowed these two names from their neighbors.

Shilajit is a natural, both organic and mineral product, popularly called mountain balm or mountain resin. The exact process of its formation is still being studied, but it looks like an inhomogeneous solid mass of indefinite shape and surface. Its tight yet slightly plastic texture includes plant, mineral and animal components. The substance is somewhat reminiscent of resin, it is dark brown, sometimes even black in color with its own specific smell, because soil is involved in its creation, rock, plants and various animal microorganisms.

Shilajit has medicinal properties, it combines more than 50 chemical elements selected by nature itself, it is widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases. Only unrefined raw material is not used in the application, a quality product is purified by filtration, centrifugation and water extraction.

Compound

Shilajit is a natural complex of many useful organic and inorganic substances, micro- and macroelements that the human body needs. In its composition:

vitamins C, A, D, B and P;

potassium, magnesium, calcium, sodium, iron, copper, phosphorus, as well as cobalt, zinc, manganese and many other elements;

many amino acids: glycine, arginine, glumamic acid, glistidin, anginine, threonine and others;

fatty polyunsaturated and monounsaturated acids;

fulvic acids;

hippuric and benzoic acids;

humic acid;

organic acids: citric, tartaric, lichen, succinic and others;

essential oils;

phospholipids;

humic bases;

albumen;

steroids and ternopeids, flavonoids, carotenoids;

okserite (mountain wax);

chlorophyll;

tannins;

coumarins;

bee venom.

8 useful properties of mummy

Fights infectious diseases

Many studies show that the fungi found in the mummy, or rather their properties, resemble penicillin. Their action is actually similar, fungi perform almost all the functions of penicillin in relation to infectious diseases such as dysentery or tuberculosis. It is effectively used in colds, influenza, acute respiratory infections and other respiratory diseases.
Increases hemoglobin levels

Shilajit has best properties to treat anemia and increase hemoglobin in the blood. By increasing the number of red blood cells, the natural balm provides a full blood supply to all organs, which stimulates the improvement of the whole organism. Biologically active substances are involved in the hematopoietic process of the body, significantly improving it.
Treats nervous diseases

Shilajit is used to treat many neurological diseases and nervous disorders. Its healing properties are used to restore the reduced function of peripheral nerve trunks. It also actively influences DNA synthesis.
Improves heart function

The benefits of mummy are determined by its rich composition. It contains biologically active substances that normalize metabolic processes in the body and dilating vessels, and this necessary condition for complete work of cardio-vascular system and elimination of hypertension, atherosclerosis, heart attack and other cardiac diseases. Natural balm reduces pressure and eliminates tachycardia and can even regenerate the heart muscle when it is damaged.
Strengthens the immune system

Shilajit is an excellent stimulant for the full functioning of the immune system and, accordingly, protective properties organism. Due to its inherent beneficial properties, the natural elixir is successfully used in children's institutions during the transitional autumn-winter period to localize and prevent an influenza epidemic. It is able to produce antibodies even for complex immunity.
Useful for women

Mummy, thanks to his healing features, has gained immense popularity among women, they use it for face peeling. Its regenerating effect on cells helps to restore skin elasticity and rid it of unnecessary wrinkles. The natural elixir relieves even postpartum stretch marks. It can be used even during pregnancy and lactation. Teenage girls use it to get rid of acne.
Helpful for fractures

Numerous studies by specialists in the field of medicine prove that the mummy is able to regenerate not only muscle tissue, but also bone tissue. This natural balm stimulates further recovery and healing of fractured extremities. It also significantly reduces the time for bone fusion and displacement.
Strengthens hair

Shilajit is very often used to improve hair, as evidenced by numerous positive reviews about the use of this miracle remedy. Natural balm is applied externally as a mask or in combination with the usual shampoo. After the first week, the hair ceases to be brittle and fall out, the color and structure of the hair improves, and after the full course (4 weeks), the hair will become beautiful and healthy.

Types of mummy and how to choose the right one

It is clear that you need to be treated only with high-quality mummy and you need to learn how to choose it correctly. good product becomes soft when you remember it in your hand, and a fake will remain hard. This is because during the evaporation process a sticky mass remains, which, when burned, burns to a state of ash, but in no case smokes. When it comes into contact with air, it thickens, and when heated, it softens.

There are many types of mummy. There is Kyrgyz, Indian, in Russia the most popular is the Altai mummy. It is safe to say that none of these species brings harm to the body.

It is white and black, their properties are distinctive, but in usefulness they are not inferior to each other. The mechanism of action on the body of a natural healer is complex, but equally useful for the life of the body.

It also exists in tablets, and you can buy it at pharmacies in the city and on special sites at an affordable price.

Indications for use

Shilajit is indicated for the prevention and treatment of many diseases, including:

stomach ulcers;

thrombophlebitis;

skin diseases, including eczema;

dyspeptic phenomena: nausea, vomiting and heartburn;

hernia;

otitis and inflammation of the middle ear;

periodontal disease;

epilepsy;

gynecological diseases;

infertility;

bone and vascular diseases;

infectious and viral diseases.

Folk healing recipes

Shilajit is very often, and most importantly, successfully used in folk medicine. There are a huge number of recipes using this product to treat many ailments. Alternative treatment- alternative traditional medicine especially for people who are allergic to many chemicals. Below are some homemade recipes.

1. Hair mask

To strengthen and improve hair growth, there is a very effective mask. For her, you need to take 2 g of mummy, 1 tbsp. a spoonful of honey, mixing honey, add a spoonful of your favorite shampoo. The finished mask should be applied to the hair along its entire length. Keep the mixture on your hair for an hour, then rinse your hair with warm water. Even one mask a week will be enough to improve the health of your hair. For daily use, you can simply add a small amount of mummy to the shampoo.

2. Anti-wrinkle cream

4 g of mummy should be diluted with 1 teaspoon of water to a homogeneous mass and mixed with one tube baby cream. The already obtained new cream should be placed in a glass container with a tightly sealed lid and stored in a cool place, preferably in the refrigerator. The cream is applied to problem areas of the skin for three to four months. It goes very well with honey, it can be added to almost all masks and creams.

3. Heartburn Remedy

2 g of mummy is diluted with warm water, milk or tea, and even better with honey, and is taken orally before going to bed (half an hour before). Improvement will come in a week, but it is best to extend the course to 30 days.

4. Ointment for hemorrhoids

Mix any anti-inflammatory cream with mummy in a ratio of 1:6, you can add honey and a few drops of chamomile infusion. The ointment is applied into the anus by 3-4 cm at night, the course of treatment is 30-40 days. Ointment can also be made on the basis of natural fat, such as pork.

5. For the treatment of thrombophlebitis

For the prevention and treatment of thrombophlebitis, mummy is taken 0.3 g diluted in milk or green tea daily, twice a day. The course of treatment is about 2-3 months, after a short break it can be continued.

Dosages and how to take it correctly

Shilajit is not taken in its natural form, but dissolved in water, honey, juice, milk and other favorite drinks. For external use mixed with creams, ointments, honey, sometimes alcohol.
Shilajit is a concentrated product and its overdose is dangerous to health.
While taking it, it should not be mixed with alcoholic beverages and medicines, you need to follow an elementary diet. The dosage must be observed strictly according to the recipe, in each case it is different.
Before you start taking it, it is best to consult with your doctor.