As unfavorable properties, there is high initial solubility and the risk of water loss and inclusion, which can lead to dimensional changes, loss of mechanical properties and the formation of cracks and cracks. Therefore, surface protection after initial material extraction is of fundamental importance. For this purpose, cement itself, cavity varnishes, adhesive systems, liquid resin or cosmetic enamel are used. 10.

Thus, due to the varied glass ionomer properties important for dental practice and various clinical formulations, which give the material versatility, allowing its applicability in different clinical situations, the purpose of this work is to review possible indications ionomer glass cements in pediatric dentistry to optimize their use by professionals and to allow infant patients to benefit from their properties.

Dental treatment is aimed not only at the patient's oral rehabilitation, but also at maintaining the integrity of the dental system. Therefore, restorative treatment should only be carried out when caries is controlled. To this end, it would be interesting to temporarily apply cavitation lesions to caries to help reduce cariogenic activity while preventive measures control and cancellation clinical picture risk of caries. 11.

Conventional glass ionomer cements may be indicated for temporary cavity sealing due to their favorable adhesive properties to tooth structure, fluoride release, caries arrest, and low cost. Atraumatic rehabilitation treatment.

Atraumatic restorative treatment is a dental caries control system that can be developed without the use of all the equipment traditionally used in dentistry. 13 This procedure requires several instruments that can be easily packaged in a container and transported in any vehicle, providing assistance to the public from all locations. These instruments include a buccal speculum, an exploration probe, a clinical forceps, dentin trays, and others for the manipulation and insertion of glass ionomer cement, a restorative material. 14.

Usually no anesthesia is performed since only completely disorganized dentin is removed. Isolation of the surgical field is relative, using cotton swabs, and caries removal is manual, using dentin spoons. The cavity and occlusal surface, if present, should be treated with a dentin conditioner and cellulose protection with calcium hydroxide indicated in deep cavities. The bright characteristic appearance of the mixture indicates that the acids have not yet begun to interact with the calcium and aluminum of the powder and react freely with the calcium of the tooth structure, which is perfect time for insertion into the cavity. 15.

After the cavity is completely filled, the ionomer should also be applied to scars and cracks. The professional should then lubricate the glove with Vaseline and press on the repaired surface for 2 minutes to avoid the inclusion of bubbles and improve the adaptation of the material to the cavity walls and occlusal surface. Then remove excess and check occlusal contacts. Excess Vaseline is removed and the surface should be protected with a cavity of varnish or cosmetic enamel. 1.

However, this treatment method still needs to be evaluated because there are few longitudinal studies on the durability of these restorations. 13 However, the reported success rate for deciduous teeth is 79% for unilateral restorations and 55% for 2-sided restorations. more faces. 14.

Thus, glass ionomer sealants can be considered as an alternative to resin sealants in clinical situations such as teeth in intraocular culture and when it is not possible to isolate the surgical field. 13. When applied to cellulosic or axial walls in combination with amalgam restorations, the ionomer provides a reduction in the concentration of forces that can cause tooth decay, as well as a decrease in thermal conductivity. Its use as a base for restoring internal walls in restorations where there is trimmed enamel causes the material to function like artificial dentin. 1.

After 15 seconds of conditioning, a line of demarcation appeared, indicating that the acid had penetrated deep into the cement. Therefore, the authors suggested that when acid etching is used on glass ionomer cement, application time should not exceed 15 seconds.

The use of ionomer materials bonded to a composite resin is an important alternative because it allows the amount of composite resin to be reduced, minimizing the reduction in polymerization 3 and creating an acid-resistant surface by releasing fluoride ions, which is a supporting mechanism in the demineralization process. 1 Can also be carried out mixed method mediation, in which ionomer cement is inserted into the entire cavity in the first session, and in a later session, superficial wear is made to accommodate the composite resin when the material has more resistance as the maturation of the cement will be advanced. 28.

Resin-modified glass ionomer cement is considered the material of choice in certain situations in pediatric dentistry due to its satisfactory properties and allows the preparation of a more conservative preparation 13. After choosing the color, anesthesia, absolute isolation and antisepsis of the surgical field, it is necessary to prepare the cavity, limiting the removal of carious tissue and, when if necessary, remove enamel to access the lesion. The margins must be regularized to prevent fractures, and the superficial cavo angle must be positioned beyond direct occlusal contacts. 1.

Socket cleaning with polyacrylic acid, use of primer for resin-modified cements, dosing and processing of the material should be carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. The purpose of cavity cleaning is to remove the smear layer and expose the calcium salts and collagen of the tooth structure, which promotes the adhesion process.

Today, with dentistry seeking greater preservation of healthy dental structure, more conservative preparations have been made to provide greater stability to the rest of the dental structure, including horizontal and vertical “gap” and tunnel-type preparations. A tunnel preparation is indicated in cases of teeth with incipient proximal lesions located below the point of contact and it is important that the marginal ridge has a minimum thickness of 2 mm in an occlusal-gingival sense so that there is no fracture during masticatory function. 1 Conventional cements may be indicated as temporary restorations for complex cavities when definitive restoration is not possible in the same session.

Regarding finishing and polishing of the restoration, they can be done in one clinical session, but it is recommended to do it later, 24 hours after insertion, using fine and ultra-fine diamond tips or multi-carbide drills, interproximal sanding strips, flexible buccal grinding discs and abrasive rubbers for lingual and occlusal surfaces. Finishing and polishing procedures can be performed in relative isolation with intermittent movements and gentle pressure to avoid overheating of the restoration with subsequent water loss and cracks that may compromise the longevity of the restoration. 1.

Among the changes that have occurred in relation to amalgam restorations, it has been proposed to use an adhesive agent that has the ability to attach amalgam to dental structures without the need for additional retention. The technique with resin-modified glass ionomer cement is to use a primer; preparation of the base with photopolymerizable glass ionomer cement; the use of an uncoated thin-layer ionomer; amalgam condensation; restoration of honing and sculpture and photopolymerization.

Glass ionomer cements are also used in pediatric dentistry for the cementation of chrome-plated steel crowns and space orthodontic bands. 2, 13. In glass ionomer cements specified for cementation, the granulation of the powder is finer, which makes the resulting mixture have good fluidity. 15 They chemically adhere to the dental structure, are compatible with the buccal environment, and excess is easily removed after cementation. 31 In addition, they have satisfactory stability and retention, low viscosity and excellent flow. 15.

As a cementing agent for orthodontic bands, they are not only suitable, but are also a suitable material, either conventional or modified with resin 13, mainly due to adhesion to the dental structure and release of fluoride. Glass ionomer cements are important materials in the practice of minimally invasive pediatric dentistry. The development of materials with improved properties has expanded the clinical use of these cements, which were originally proposed as temporary restorative and restorative materials, and are now designated for cementation techniques, adhesive amalgams, and definitive restorations.

Glass ionomer cements: clinical applications in dentistry. Sao Paulo: Medical Arts. Glass ionomer cements in restorative dentistry. The use of glass ionomer cements when bonding composite resins to dentin. Fluoride release by restitution materials before and after local application fluoride gel.

Mutanus streptococci in plaque from the edges of amalgam, composite and glass ionomer restorations. Is fluoride available in glass ionomer cement that can remineralize dental structure? Evaluation of surface protectants for glass ionomer cement.