Gum inflammation– the process is very unpleasant and fraught with various complications, both for the gums themselves and for the teeth. Therefore, at the first symptoms of gum inflammation, you should begin treatment as soon as possible, in consultation with a dentist.

Often inflammatory processes begin due to insufficient hygiene oral cavity, as a result of which the teeth are actively covered with plaque. This, in turn, quite quickly transforms into tartar, which presses on the gums. Sometimes inflammation develops against the background of poor quality dental care and various diseases.

The mechanism of gum inflammation

The mechanism of inflammation of the gums of teeth or gingivitis is as follows. An invisible film appears on the gums, which is formed by bacteria from the sugar that a person eats. If this film is not removed with a toothbrush within three days, it hardens into tartar. You can't remove it with a toothbrush. In this case, professional cleaning is required.

Tartar is an excellent breeding ground for bacteria, which create it even more intensively. It turns out to be a vicious circle. Tartar causes gum irritation and swelling. Over time, the gums begin to bleed. Bacterial gingivitis manifests itself, in addition to inflamed, bleeding gums, in a whitish coating on the tongue and on inner surface cheeks

Causes of gum inflammation

The cause of the development of caries and inflammation of the gums is, as a rule, a soft plaque on the surface of the teeth containing various microorganisms, as well as hard deposits in the form of tartar. They are formed due to errors hygiene care for teeth and oral cavity, poor nutrition for various diseases, mainly of the gastrointestinal tract, which leads to disruption of metabolic processes in the body. Tartar is deposited especially intensively on the teeth of smokers. Having an irritating effect on the gums, tartar causes inflammation of the gums - gingivitis, and contributes to the spread inflammatory process on the tissue surrounding the tooth.

As a result, periodontitis develops. Systematic, thorough removal of tartar is the main condition for the prevention and treatment of periodontitis and gingivitis. The dentist removes tartar using special tools. The entrance “gate” for the development of acute purulent inflammatory diseases Teeth usually become carious. A complicated caries process, due to which the infection penetrates into the tissues surrounding its root, becomes the cause of periodontitis. This pathology is often caused by inflammation of the nerve of the tooth, when the abundant microflora of the canal enters the surrounding tissue roots. Hypothermia and various infections also play a major role in the development of the disease.

Gum inflammation can be a symptom of the following diseases:

Symptoms of gum inflammation

Symptoms of gum inflammation are characterized by unpleasant, painful sensations When you put pressure on a tooth, the pain quickly becomes unbearable, and the gums near the sore tooth become bright red. An abscess may appear here. Pus sometimes comes out through the gum at the neck of the tooth. In this case, the pain disappears. But this does not mean at all that you can not go to the dentist. But with proper and timely treatment, the inflammation is reversible and in most cases recovery occurs. But sometimes the contents of the purulent focus enter the soft tissues and bones. If the inflammatory process involves the periosteum, acute purulent periostitis develops.

It also occurs when there is difficulty in teething, usually wisdom teeth. This disease can also be caused by complications during dental treatment. Cooling down, overwork, stressful situations often become the background for its development. Periostitis occurs mainly in young and middle-aged people (from sixteen to forty years), more often in men. Further symptoms inflammation of the gums - pain appears, soft tissues of the face swell, worsens general health, the temperature rises. Over the course of two to three days, the swelling and pain intensify. Painful sensations can spread to the entire jaw, radiating to the ear, temple, and eyes.

Under the influence of thermal procedures they become stronger, cold has a beneficial effect, but only for a while. Due to intense pain there are general weakness, malaise, headache, loss of appetite. The course of the disease may vary. In some cases, the purulent focus is eliminated spontaneously. In this case, after five to six days the abscess opens into the oral cavity. A cloudy liquid of yellowish and yellowish-green color with an unpleasant odor is released from the abscess. Due to the outflow of pus, the pain subsides and inflammation decreases. Nevertheless, to avoid complications, see a dentist.

Treatment of gum inflammation

Having discovered primary symptoms inflammation of the gums, you should immediately contact your dentist, who will prescribe proper treatment. Timely treatment will allow you to get rid of it in a short time discomfort and the resulting discomfort. As a rule, treatment of the inflammatory process includes a set of measures involving instrumental removal of plaque and tartar, removal of the inflammation itself, elimination of other root causes of the disease and mandatory definition preventive measures to avoid relapse.

The first signs of gum inflammation will go away if you start brushing your teeth properly and thoroughly, and also make it a habit to regularly use dental floss. Before consulting a doctor, you can use toothpaste with high content fluorine "Sensodyne", gel for sensitive gums "Parodium", solution "Polyminerol" or oil extract "Vitaon".

Painkillers familiar to everyone will help relieve pain: paracetamol, tempalgin or analgin. You can also relieve pain and relieve primary inflammation by taking aspirin, Panadol or Efferalgan. At the same time, you should rinse your mouth with furatsilin, miramistin, chlorhexidine or a solution of potassium permanganate. More serious drugs, such as Ciprofloxacin, Tavegil or Ketanov, can only be used after consultation with a dentist.

Folk remedies for gum inflammation

Try to improve your daily dental care activities. Every day, at least once a day, use dental floss. It is preferable to do this after an evening meal. In between other meals, brush your teeth thoroughly in the traditional way. It is recommended to use a mouthwash such as Listerine before going to bed to completely kill bacteria and other microorganisms. And don’t forget that the brush needs to be changed at least once a month or at least twice.

To reduce periodontal problems, be sure to take 50 milligrams of Coenzyme Q10 daily. It is known as an antioxidant that makes immune system, but its supply dwindles as you get older. CoQ10 also has the ability to reduce gum inflammation and can sometimes help reverse periodontitis.

If you are experiencing gum inflammation, you should definitely use natural toothpastes and mouthwashes. They can be found in the dental aisles of health food stores. Natural remedies may contain healing herbs such as Cinquefoil erecta, which will stop the formation of plaque and reduce bleeding gums.

To reduce the severity of periodontitis, you need to increase the content of vitamin C in your diet. A lack of vitamin C leads to the development of gingivitis and periodontitis. You need to consume at least 250 mg. vitamin C on a regular basis daily to reduce inflammation in the gums. Increase your diet with raspberries, oranges, sweet potatoes, strawberries, tomatoes, kale, spinach, broccoli and red peppers.

For the treatment of gum inflammation folk remedies, stir a little sea ​​salt in a cup or glass warm water until completely dissolved. Rinse your mouth with the solution every day, morning and evening, after brushing your teeth. The sea salt solution will reduce inflammation and remove the infection that causes gums to fester.

The therapeutic effect of soda is not directly related to periodontitis; it helps neutralize acids in the oral cavity and restores acid-base balance, which reduces the likelihood of developing inflammation of the periodontal tissue, as well as tooth decay. To prepare the medicine, dissolve a little baking soda in a glass of water and dip your toothbrush there. Then apply toothpaste to the brush and brush your teeth thoroughly.

Questions and answers on the topic "Gum inflammation"

Question:Hello! After some time after dental treatment, inflammation appeared around the tooth; the gums were not swollen, they just turned red. This tooth also reacts to cold. The caries was average, and during an examination by a doctor, they coated my tooth with fluoride varnish and told me to rinse my gums with chamomile or sage. I rinsed with chamomile and now with sage for several days, but nothing goes away. Another thing is that I treated many teeth at once, and they periodically ache at night or in the morning. A little more than a month has passed since my last visit to the doctor. What could this be and should I go for a consultation again and take a tooth picture or wait a little longer?

Answer: Good afternoon You need to take a photo of the disturbing tooth and go for an examination. I wish you good luck!

Question:Hello! For 2 days now I haven’t been able to eat anything except baby food, my gums are inflamed, my lymph nodes are swollen, my gums are bleeding in some places, saliva is constantly accumulating, unfortunately I won’t be able to get to the dentist for the next 5 days, please tell me how to pacify the pain and remove the swelling. Thank you.

Answer: Good afternoon Take rum baths with chamomile, sage, oak bark, you can alternate with a salt bath, but it will not be very pleasant.

Question:Hello. I would like to know what medications should be taken to relieve gum inflammation, that is, medical medications. More helping and strengthening gums.

Answer: Hello, to keep your gums healthy, it is enough to brush your teeth 2 times a day and use additional hygiene products. And in the presence of inflammation, treatment can be prescribed only after examination in the dental chair.

Question:Hello! The gums on the front teeth are inflamed, I heard that this can lead to tooth loss. Is it true?

Answer: Hello. Inflammation of the gums can be a sign of many diseases, and there are some gum diseases that can even lead to tooth loss. Contact your dentist.

Question:Hello! Please advise how to get rid of gum inflammation. About 5 months ago I had metal ceramics installed. And now this is such a problem! The gums became very swollen and seemed to turn blue, in some places they were very painful. My doctor prescribed rinses and ointments, performed hygiene with ultrasound, but little changed! Tell me, is this from the installed crowns or something else?

Answer: Hello. It is extremely difficult to prescribe treatment aimed at eliminating the inflammatory process, because it is necessary to assess the situation completely visually, and in some cases, using the necessary diagnostic measures to obtain additional information. The first thing to start with is a consultation with a periodontist, because it is this doctor who performs periodontal treatment who will determine the cause that led to the inflammatory process. There can be several causes of inflammation, for example: chronic diseases periodontal disease, individual intolerance to materials used in prosthetics, poor quality treatment teeth, incorrect prosthetics, poor hygiene. In our clinics, prosthetics with crowns are carried out with a ledge, that is, the teeth are ground in a special way. This is all necessary in order to avoid various complications, which are the most common in dental prosthetics. A ledge is made in the neck area, and the width of this ledge fully corresponds to the thickness of the crown. The crown rests on this ledge. The point of all this is that the tooth does not change in size. At this method After grinding the teeth, the gum remains in its place, without being moved even a millimeter by the fixed metal-ceramic prosthesis, and therefore no injury to the gum occurs, remaining in its place in the same pale pink form, as it should be. In turn, there are so-called dentogingival papillae between the teeth, so metal-ceramic crowns must be made so as not to infringe on them. The same situation applies to both fillings and other crowns. If periodic inflammation of the papillae occurs, the gums, accordingly, begin to bother and bleed. In this case, correction of either a filling or metal ceramics is necessary. The applied treatment with rinses or applications in this case is not effective.

Question:Hello! I'm being treated for purulent sore throat, it was complicated by inflamed gums. The hood above the figure eight is inflamed, today I noticed that the gum is receding and has white coating. On the other side there are ulcers on the gum. For treatment: flemoxin solutab 500 mg. - 2 times, acyclovir 400 mg. - 2 times, Cholisal ointment 2 times a day, rinsing OKI and painkiller Nimesan 2 times a day. Plus, on the lip from the outer and inside white plaques the size of a matchstick head appeared, they don’t hurt. Tell me, is it possible to visit the dentist during illness? If not, how can you not start the process? I wouldn't want to lose my teeth.

Answer: Hello. At infectious diseases You cannot visit the dentist, even for ethical reasons. As for the treatment of a whole bunch of your diseases, it is better, of course, to go to an in-person appointment. It is necessary to observe the entire situation in person in order to prescribe the correct treatment.

Question:Hello! I have the following problem: the gums between the wisdom tooth and the last tooth are inflamed, the teeth are located close to each other and it feels like the gums are black or dark in color, inflamed and painful if you touch them. Also, the space between the teeth and under the gums also seems to darken. What could it be and how can it be treated?

Answer: Hello. As described by you clinical picture, this state can be classified as localized chronic periodontitis. Treatment is a combination of conservative and surgical techniques.

Question:Hello! After dental restoration in dental clinic I constantly feel soreness in my gums. Will Miramistin help relieve inflammation?

Answer: Hello. Undoubtedly modern medicinal product Miramistin will help reduce inflammation of the gums around the tooth after the restoration procedure (including after the introduction of crowns, incision of gum tissue in hard-to-reach places). After dental treatment, you can use Miramistin as a local therapy for speedy recovery gum tissue and reduction inflammatory phenomena. Miramistin is used in dentistry because it stimulates protective properties mucous membranes and prevents tissue infection by harmful microorganisms.

Question:Hello, what antibiotic do you recommend for gingivitis? Inflammation of the gums does not go away with the use of other remedies.

Answer: Hello. For gingivitis, antibiotics are very rarely prescribed, because it is caused by dental plaque. Therefore, it is sufficient to remove dental plaque and medicamentally treat the gums with anti-inflammatory and keratoplasty drugs. An exception is necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis in adolescents, then serious general treatment must be prescribed, but only a doctor can do this.

Gum inflammation is a fairly common disease that occurs in both adults and children. Today, many people complain of increased sensitivity and bleeding gums. When your gums become inflamed and bleed, your mood plummets. And there is a reason. Not only does a smile with inflamed gums look, to put it mildly, unattractive. So, there are also painful sensations and bad breath. AND toothache may happen. Why is it here? good mood be? And when you think that inflammation of the gums can lead to loss of teeth, the melancholy overwhelms you.

Gum inflammation

If you feel swelling of the gums, pain, blood, painful sensations when eating hard, hot or cold food, and sometimes suppuration at the base of the teeth or their loosening, this is a sign of one of the inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity.

Gingivitis - initial stage inflammation the surface of the mucous membrane of the gingival papillae between the teeth or the edge of the gums near the tooth. It manifests itself in the form of increased sensitivity, pain, redness, swelling and bleeding of the gums, sometimes the pain radiates to the temple or ear.

The cause may be damage to the mucous membrane when eating, brushing teeth, or traumatic installation of fillings, dentures, crowns or braces. May occur in those who have malocclusion or short bridle lips.

Gingivitis is a fairly common disease, the treatment of which must be taken seriously. If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to the more serious disease periodontitis.

Gingivitis can occur as an accompaniment of the underlying disease, which should be treated first.

Also found gingivitis during pregnancy, which may be accompanied by swollen gums, bleeding, the appearance of pus and bad breath. Painful sores may appear and the temperature may rise.

Gingivitis in children occurs if the rules of oral hygiene are not followed or the mucous membranes in the oral cavity are injured, as a result of which microbes enter it, causing inflammation. The reason may also be lack of vitamins and minerals in the body and during teething. Children's gingivitis is treated in the same way as in adults, but in more gentle ways.

Periodontitis

Periodontitis is usually considered advanced gingivitis. It is accompanied by tooth mobility, periodontal pockets appear with leaking pus, the bone around the teeth atrophies, periodontitis penetrates into the bone, and the roots are exposed. If you don't timely treatment Over time, the teeth will fall out.

With these diseases, gum inflammation occurs in the area of ​​either single or all teeth.

Periodontal disease

Periodontal disease occurs as a result slight or uneven load on teeth. Accompanied by slight bleeding, usually without pain, and not a large number tartar. It develops slowly, but if left untreated, leads to periodontitis. Most often found in older people.

Bleeding gums is not an independent disease. Most often observed when brushing teeth as one of the symptoms of gingivitis or periodontitis.

If the gums become swollen due to periodontitis, which is caused by an infection in the tooth canals, it is useless to treat gum inflammation. Necessary fill root canals.

If your gums are injured as a result of incorrect, traumatic installation of fillings, crowns, dentures or braces, you should first consult a dentist to eliminate the cause. Without this, gum treatment will not be effective.

Causes of gum inflammation

Usually distinguish internal and external reasons the occurrence of gum inflammation. TO external reasons as a result of exposure include:

• poor oral hygiene or its complete absence or improper care;
• presence of tartar;
• improper installation of fillings, dental crowns, prosthetic braces;
• malocclusion;
• smoking.

Internal reasons are:

• diseases internal systems and organs (gastrointestinal tract, cardiac, hematological, diabetes mellitus etc.);
• immunodeficiency;
• lack of vitamins in the body;
• medications taken;
• genetic problems;
• sometimes pregnancy.

That is, most often gum inflammation associated with dental infection or other pathology human body. It may lead to serious complications and disorders in the body.

Treatment options at home

Gum inflammation can be treated using different ways. In any case, in order not to harm your health and prevent the development of more serious diseases, before starting treatment, you must consult a dentist to determine the diagnosis.

In serious cases, the doctor will prescribe treatment, in combination with which additional home remedies will provide a good effect.

In simpler cases, it is enough to use at home products that provide anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, decongestant and analgesic effects.

When talking about ways to treat gums at home, there are: medicinal products pharmaceutical (medicinal) and folk.

Pharmacy products

Pharmaceutical products include rinses, sprays, applications, toothpastes and gels. All pharmaceutical drugs are supplied with instructions for use, which must be followed and followed in order to obtain the desired result.

Modern pharmacology has created on the basis of healing natural remedies And medicinal plants natural safe and effective drugs.

For bleeding and inflammation of the gums, various pharmaceutical products, which relieve inflammation, relieve pain, eliminate bleeding, itching and burning, relieve swelling and disinfect the mucous membrane from microorganisms and bacteria.

Antiseptic rinses include:

1. Listerine (2 times a day for 30 seconds) is one of the most effective rinses.
2. Stomatophyte (3-4 times a day for 10-15 days).
3. Furacilin (2-3 times a day).
4. Chlorhexidine (spray 0.2% for periodontal disease and 0.05% for childhood gingivitis - after each meal until recovery).
5. Miramistin (3-4 times a day).
6. Chlorophyllipt (3 times a day with a diluted solution).
7. Rotokan (until inflammation is eliminated).
8. Hydrogen peroxide (solution 1 tbsp in 100 ml of water 2 times a day).
9. Malavit (10 drops/glass of water for rinsing 1 week daily).
10. “Forest balm” (after each meal until symptoms disappear).

The effect of treatment with rinses can be enhanced by simultaneously using compresses and applications with medicinal pastes, gels and ointments.

Therapeutic gels and ointments form a protective film on the mucous membrane. They are applied to the gums several times a day, after rinsing. The most effective means:

Special toothpastes have also proven effective in the treatment and prevention of bleeding and inflammation of the gums. They contain extracts medicinal herbs and anti-inflammatory ingredients. For gum inflammation, it is recommended to use toothpastes:

Folk remedies for treatment

To get really positive healing effect and the disease has not progressed, before deciding how to treat gum inflammation at home, it is recommended to consult a specialist not only to establish a diagnosis, but also, if necessary, to do cleaning, remove tartar and get basic prescriptions.

As a rule, the use of folk remedies has centuries of experience. Medicinal plants as in pure form, and in combination with other plants, are increasingly used for the prevention and treatment of diseases of various etymologies. An important advantage of medicinal plants is their low toxicity and lack of side effects in most cases.

Typically you will need to prepare infusion, decoction or alcohol tincture based on medicinal plants for rinsing the mouth, preparing compresses or medicinal applications.

Medicinal herbs have antibacterial (calendula, chamomile), anti-inflammatory and analgesic (sage, yarrow), astringent and strengthening (oak bark, St. John's wort) properties.

For simple inflammation, rinsing with a decoction or infusion may be sufficient. But herbal infusions They do not last long, it is advisable to cook them daily. Most effective and safe sage, burnet, yarrow, chamomile, calamus, oak bark, sorrel, St. John's wort, linden blossom, calendula, eucalyptus and many others.

Below are some of the most simple recipes treating gums with home remedies.

First aid for gum disease

In case of severe pain, to treat gums at home before visiting a doctor, it is recommended to rinse your mouth with the following solutions:

• potassium permanganate;
• baking soda;
• chlorhexidine;
• furatsilina.

Or use ointments that will reduce bleeding gums, have an antiseptic effect and reduce pain.

The main thing is to under no circumstances resort to radical ways self-medication, as this can cause more serious consequences. In order to stop the spread of inflammation, it is best apply various infusions with antimicrobial effects. The pharmacy sells such highly effective products as Stomatidine, Mevalex and Givalex without a prescription. They should be used according to the recommendations included in the package.

Gum inflammation is a common problem for people of all ages. This disease is not something to joke about - it must be treated immediately, otherwise it can lead to very disastrous consequences, and also cause a number of other diseases.

Causes of inflammation

Doctors still cannot give a definite answer to the question of why inflammation of the gums around the tooth occurs. The cause of gum inflammation may lie in both external and internal processes occurring in the human body.

TO external factors, causing dental problems include:

• Insufficient care of the oral cavity.
• Neglect of the procedure for removing tartar and timely treatment of diseased teeth.
• Smoking, excessive consumption of alcohol, coffee, black tea.
• Mechanical damage to the gums (violation of the procedure for prosthetics or dental treatment, injections into the gums, misuse floss or too hard toothbrush, burns in the mouth).
• Eruption of wisdom teeth.

The cause of gum inflammation may also lie in the following internal processes:

• The influence of narcotic and other chemicals on the body.
• Immunodeficiency.
• Lack of vitamins and other nutrients in the body.
• Hormonal imbalances (pregnancy, taking hormonal contraceptives).
• Hormonal diseases (diabetes).
• Problems with the gastrointestinal tract.
• Diseases of the cardiovascular system.
• Heredity.
• Diseases of infectious origin.

Symptoms of the disease

The main symptoms of gum inflammation include the following:

• Redness of the gums - not only the gums near the diseased tooth can turn red, but also the tissues adjacent to the adjacent teeth.
• Bleeding gums - red color of saliva.
• Swelling.
• Painful when cleaning.
• Bad breath.
• Increased body temperature.
• Loose teeth.
• Formation of ulcers in the mouth.

Here are photos of diseased teeth that clearly illustrate sore gums:

Types of disease

Before treating gum disease, good dentist must make the correct diagnosis. Establishing the cause of the inflammatory process will further influence treatment tactics and the choice of necessary medications.

IN dental practice There are three types of disease:

• gingivitis;
• periodontitis;
• periodontal disease.

This gradation of diseases was chosen for a reason. The fact is that gingivitis is the least dangerous, initial stage of inflammatory processes in the oral cavity. Periodontitis has intermediate level danger. Periodontal disease is already the most complex, advanced form of the disease. When diagnosing gingivitis, it is necessary to undergo treatment, but delay will not give such severe complications. But in case of periodontal disease, it is necessary to immediately take the most radical measures.

In the photo you can see what inflamed gums look like in each of the diseases:

Crown problems

If the gums near the tooth under the crown are inflamed, you should not try to fix it yourself. this situation. The most correct decision would be to contact a specialist, he will prescribe its removal.

The fact is that inflammation of the gums under the crown is a result of its incorrect installation or violation of the procedure for pre-cleaning the canals cannot be eliminated with any rinses or medications. In this case, it would be more correct to do this - remove the crown from the diseased tooth, thoroughly clean everything under it and install it correctly.

Treatment of the disease

It’s worth saying right away that adequate, effective treatment Only a doctor can prescribe gums. So, under no circumstances should you self-medicate.

Traditional remedies

U traditional medicine There is an answer to the question of how to treat gum inflammation. Over many years of development in dentistry, doctors have developed certain tactics for treating gums:

1. diagnose a disease;
2. identify the reasons;
3. sanitize the oral cavity;
4. relieve inflammation;
5. eliminate accompanying symptoms;
6. treat the underlying disease.

Treatment regimen

Treatment of gum inflammation of any form and stage is carried out according to a certain scheme:

• Mouth rinse.
• Using a special anti-inflammatory gel or ointment.
• Use of injection therapy.
• Surgical intervention (if necessary).
• Splinting of teeth (this procedure is not carried out in all dental clinics).

Rinse

Rinsing your mouth during the treatment of gum inflammation is necessary in order to cleanse it of food debris and pathogenic bacteria that contribute to the development of infection. Although such a procedure is not able to cure the disease entirely, it does help relieve inflammation and redness.

In order to quickly and effectively eliminate inflammation of the gums around the tooth, you must follow one golden rule - it is recommended to rinse your mouth after each brushing of your teeth (2-3 times a day) for at least a minute.

Gels and ointments

The use of special dental gels and ointments in the treatment of gum inflammation at home can quickly relieve pain, cure inflammation, prevent the spread of infection and change the red color of the gums to white.

Using this method involves applying applications to the gums. Such applications must be made by rubbing the product around the tooth in order to further penetrate it into the periodontal pocket. How longer drug will be in contact with the gum, the stronger the effect will be.

The most popular and proven dental gels and ointments include:

• Holisal;
• Solcoseryl;
• Malavit;
• Metrogyl denta;
• Dental;
• Kamistad.

If everything is clear with medications for an adult patient, then for many mothers the question remains open of how to relieve gum inflammation in their babies. For such a specific category of patients, special means were created:

Toothpastes

Treatment of gum inflammation at home cannot be imagined without prescribing a special medicated toothpaste. Such pastes can relieve irritation and provide accelerated process tissue regeneration and antibacterial protection. But Using this type of paste regularly is strictly prohibited, because due to the constant antibacterial effect in the oral cavity, the microflora will be disrupted.

One course of use of medicinal paste should be no more than 21 days. After therapy, it is recommended to take a break for six months.

The most famous medicinal pastes are:

• Forest balm;
• Lakalut;
• Sensodent;
• Paradontax;
• President exclusive;
• Silka.

Analgesics

In addition to becoming red and inflamed, the gums can also hurt unbearably. Sometimes even an adult is not able to cope with such pain on his own. Delete quickly pain syndrome can be done using the following analgesics:

• Paracetamol;
• Ibuprofen;
• Analgin;
• Ketanov;
• Tempalgin;
• Spasmalgon;
• Pentalgin;
• Solpadeine.

In the case of the first two tablets, you don’t have to worry too much, but with the rest of the drugs you need to be careful. They provide a fairly strong effect, but consuming a lot of them is often prohibited.

Antibacterial therapy

Before treating gum inflammation at home with antibiotics, you should try all of the above first antiseptics . Only after they have failed to remove the inflammation can heavy artillery be used. Also antibacterial therapy can be used in the initial stages of treatment when the course of the disease is too intense or its neglect is evident.

The most commonly prescribed antibiotics in dentistry are:

Treatment with folk remedies

At similar problem traditional medicine can give an endless amount of advice.

The most effective folk remedies with quick effect are considered:

Very good for gums chamomile. It is able to remove inflammation around the tooth and restore it white. Due to these properties, chamomile is often included in medicinal and regular toothpastes.

Making an infusion of chamomile or any other plant is not difficult at all. It is enough just to pour a few spoons of herbs into a glass of boiling water and let it boil a little. Next, it is recommended to strain the infusion, cool and rinse your mouth with it.

You don’t need to boil chamomile at all, but simply pour boiling water over its flowers - that’s why they love it so much.

But the infusion of oak bark is made a little differently - it is advisable to boil the bark in water for about half an hour, and then let it cool.

You only need to rinse your mouth with infusions at room temperature 3-4 times a day. It is recommended to keep the rinse in your mouth for at least a minute. If you rinse your mouth with hot infusion, your gums may become even more sore and ache. The fact is that bacteria love heat and as the temperature rises, the process of their reproduction only intensifies.

If your gums are inflamed and you don’t have them at hand medicinal herbs and plants, ordinary soda and salt. It is recommended to rinse your mouth with their solution. Some people also prefer to brush their teeth with baking soda. The fact is that soda not only relieves inflammation near the tooth, but also allows you to remove the top, contaminated layer that has accumulated on the teeth - the so-called plaque. As a result of the formation of plaque and tartar, the gums can become inflamed and painful.

Prevention

People are most often interested in the problem of what to do if their gums become inflamed. But few people think about why it became inflamed and what needs to be done to prevent this from happening at all. As is known, the best way getting rid of the disease is its prevention:

• Regular, thorough brushing of teeth (at least twice a day).
• Replace the brush every three months.
• Refusal bad habits(smoking, alcohol).
• Crown installation only by a trusted dentist.
• Timely removal of the top, damaged layer of enamel (plaque, stones).
• Regular visits to the dentist for dental treatment.
• Complete, proper nutrition.
• Enrichment daily diet plenty of foods containing vitamin C.
• Eating solid vegetables and fruits daily will provide additional cleaning to your teeth.
• Using dental floss.

Inflammation of the gums of a tooth is not easy unpleasant phenomenon. With such symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor. The fact is that inflammation of the gums can cause inflammation throughout the body.

One of common problems, which affects about 80% of the population, is considered to be gum disease. This article will help you become familiar with the diseases that cause gum inflammation and how to treat them.

Healthy and beautiful teeth are considered the key to success in modern society. Proper hygiene oral cavity is one of the important preventive methods that will help prevent a number of dental diseases. One of the few branches of dentistry is periodontology, which deals with the treatment and prevention of periodontal tissues. These tissues include gums, ligamentous apparatus teeth and bone tissue. The most common periodontal disease is inflammation of the gums, which causes swelling, bleeding, discomfort or pain in the gum area and periodontal tissues.

The gum refers to the soft tissue that surrounds the teeth at the neck of the teeth and contains the bony housing for the teeth. This fabric performs not only protective functions for the neck of the teeth, but also distributes the chewing load due to the circular ligament of the tooth and its collagen fibers in the cervical area. As you know, gums and teeth are inextricably linked, so any gum disease can lead to serious illnesses teeth that are characterized complete loss tooth

According to WHO statistics, gum inflammation occurs in 80% of the population over the age of 35 years. In addition, in recent years, this problem It is also observed in young people under 30 years of age.

How does gum inflammation develop?

One of the main reasons why an inflammatory process can develop in the gums is poor oral hygiene, which results in the formation of plaque, which collects on the teeth at the edges of the gums and contains a large number of pathogenic bacteria. Soft plaque that consists of minerals, food debris and saliva creates a hard crust that irritates the gums.

Tartar contains waste products of microbes, as well as toxins that cause inflammation on the surface of the gums and slowly destroy the soft tissue around the tooth. In addition, tartar forms not only on the teeth, but also in the holes between the teeth; such a pathological process, if not consulted in a timely manner, can lead to damage to deep soft tissues and bone tissue, which will undoubtedly lead to possible tooth loss.

Causes of gum inflammation. Why do gums become inflamed?

Based on the above, it can be noted that the main cause of gum inflammation is considered to be dental plaque, which contains a large number of bacteria and is formed as a result of improper oral care. Not only insufficient care is harmful to the oral cavity, but also excessive care, when teeth are brushed regularly, but the gums are damaged due to an incorrectly selected brush, which rubs and injures the gums. In addition, other unfavorable factors can provoke gum inflammation, even with careful care:

Genetic predisposition.

Deficiency of vitamins and minerals in the human body.

Decreased immunity.

Poor quality dental treatment.

Diseases of the heart, gastrointestinal tract.

Violation of metabolic processes.

Diabetes mellitus.

Internal infections.

Hormonal imbalance in the body.

Long-term use of certain medications.

Smoking, alcohol abuse.

Inflammation of the gums may signal disease

All of the above risk factors can lead to the destruction of the upper layer of the gum, which becomes an entry point for infection. Women are at risk for developing gum disease reproductive age, which the process of inflammation can manifest against the background menstrual cycle or after use birth control pills. Also, during pregnancy, swelling and bleeding of the gums are quite common. This process can adversely affect the growth, development of the fetus and the pregnancy itself.

Types of inflammation and gum disease

Periodontal diseases are a group of pathological processes in which the gums are damaged. Among periodontal diseases, 90% are occupied by inflammatory processes, which in the initial stages are mild and cause discomfort as they progress. The most common gum inflammations are diseases such as gingivitis, periodontitis and periodontal disease, which can affect both part of the gum and the entire periodontium. Also, these diseases have different stages lesions, types and require immediate treatment.

Gingivitis– the most common inflammation of the gums, which is diagnosed in 80% of the population of different ages and is characterized by damage to the superficial tissues of the gums. The main reason for the development of gingivitis is pathogenic bacteria, which are formed from plaque and get under the gums.

With ginginitis, the area of ​​the gum between the teeth becomes inflamed.

The main signs of gingivitis appear when the gingival groove between the teeth deepens, resulting in the formation of a gum pocket. Gingivitis is characterized by the following symptoms:

swelling and redness of the gingival margin;

bleeding gums;

increased sensitivity of the gums to temperature conditions;

feeling of pain when chewing or swallowing.

Gingivitis can be acute or chronic course, also at the beginning of its development there is slight bleeding from the gums only when brushing your teeth. Chronic form The disease is more common in adults in the winter-spring period, when immunity decreases and the body is unable to resist pathogenic bacteria.

In periodontology, gingivitis is divided into several types:

1. Catarrhal gingivitis– only the superficial tissues of the gums are damaged. This type The disease is the most common and is characterized by itching and discomfort in the gum area, as well as bleeding when eating solid foods or brushing teeth.

Ulcerative- develops in the absence quality treatment catarrhal gingivitis or when internal diseases, vitamin deficiency. Ulcerative gingivitis is characterized by swelling and bleeding of the gums when touched or pressed. Small ulcers form on the gums, which cause a lot of discomfort.

Atrophic– characterized by a decrease in soft tissues and exposure of the neck of the tooth. The main symptoms of atrophic gingivitis are manifested by increased sensitivity of teeth to temperature conditions, as well as bleeding and swelling of the gums.

4. Hypertrophic gingivitis- characterized by swelling of the gingival papillae that cover part of the tooth. In the initial stages of development, the clinic is almost invisible and only as it develops, pronounced symptoms are noted.

Treatment of gingivitis must be timely to prevent complications, and in the initial stages, treatment measures are quick and painless. Correct treatment will help get rid of inflammation within 7 – 10 days. The main treatment is considered to be the removal of tartar, the appointment complex therapy and maintaining oral hygiene.

Periodontitis- This is a complication of gingivitis when the deep tissues of the gums are destroyed, which leads to loosening and loss of the tooth. Periodontitis is also caused by microbes and bacteria that penetrate into the groove between the tooth and gum, where they form pathological pockets.

In the initial stages of periodontitis, bleeding gums are observed; the depth of gum damage is approximately 3 mm. There is also an unpleasant odor from the mouth, increased bleeding gums, the appearance of gaps between teeth, itching, pulsation in the gums. As the disease progresses, the tooth begins to loosen, shift, and there is pain when eating. The gums become overly sensitive, painful, body temperature may rise, and general weakness of the body.

Periodontitis can cause tooth loss

Treatment of periodontitis should be carried out only under the supervision of a dentist, who can prevent the development of the disease and prevent tooth loss. Therapeutic measures consist of neurosurgical or surgical treatment. In the initial stages of the disease, treatment is carried out by removing plaque and administering antibacterial drugs. At moderate severity When the damage is deep, in addition to removing tartar, curettage (removal of part of the gum) is performed. This method allows the doctor to get to the root of the tooth. Besides surgical intervention, the patient is prescribed drug therapy that will relieve inflammation and destroy bacteria.

Methods for treating gum inflammation

At the first symptoms of gum inflammation, you should consult a doctor who, after an examination, will be able to prescribe appropriate treatment. Basically, treatment for gum inflammation is aimed at:

Removing dental plaque.

Tartar removal.

Removing the inflammatory process.

Elimination of other unfavorable factors.

Compliance with preventive measures to avoid relapses.

If the inflammatory process has the initial stages of development, the doctor, in addition to cleaning the tartar, will prescribe drug therapy, which will consist of anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics if necessary and various means for external use, which are available in the form of ointments, drops or rinses.

Pharmacy products for the treatment of gum inflammation:

There are a number of drugs on the pharmacological market for the treatment of inflammatory processes of the gums. Gels or ointments are effective because they adhere well to the gums and easily penetrate the mucous membrane, where they act directly at the site of inflammation. The following drugs are considered the most effective:

1. Gel for gums – CHOLISAL– contains salicylate and Cetalkonium chloride. This drug has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic properties. The maximum effect is observed within a few minutes after application.

1. Metrogil Denta– contains the antibiotic Metronidazole and the antiseptic component Chlorhexidine, which have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and analgesic properties. The components of the drug are practically not absorbed into the blood and act only at the site of inflammation.

Analogues of these drugs include: Asepta gel, Mundizal-gel and others.

Most often, the cause of inflammation of the gums of the teeth is pathogenic bacteria, which, due to some reasons, begin to multiply too intensively. And after some time the person begins to complain of pain and bleeding.

What to do

Gum inflammation affects almost everything age groups patients. The intensity of symptoms may vary.

In many ways, the development of the inflammatory process depends on oral hygiene. The more carefully a person monitors the condition of his oral cavity, the higher the chances that the disease will bypass him. The more plaque and other deposits accumulate on the teeth, the higher the risk that inflammation may occur. Dentists note a direct connection between the intensity of the lesion and the presence of plaque. An interesting experiment was conducted to confirm this relationship.

A group of young people with healthy teeth offered to give up for three weeks hygiene procedures oral cavity. After the allotted time, all members of the experimental group, without exception, had an accumulation of large quantity dental plaque, as well as the initial processes of inflammation. At the same time, dentists noted that in order for the first signs to appear, it only takes two to three weeks not to pay due attention to oral hygiene! So, in order not to know for a long time exactly how sore gums hurt, you should brush your teeth regularly.

However, the following conclusions of this experiment are of greatest interest: after the members of the experimental group resumed full oral hygiene procedures, after some time all the symptoms of gum inflammation disappeared, and the composition of the oral microflora returned to normal. This suggests that if initial stage development, pay due attention to oral hygiene, the inflammatory process can be stopped. Particular care should be taken to clean the interdental spaces and hard-to-reach areas of the tooth from food debris and plaque, since this is where most of the plaque accumulates.

However, if the disease has progressed quite far, the gums bleed and hurt, hygiene procedures will most likely no longer be possible. And our only advice is to visit a dentist as soon as possible. Only he will make the correct diagnosis and prescribe appropriate treatment.

Reasons

The causes of gum inflammation can be very diverse, ranging from poor oral hygiene to... mechanical injuries. Let's look at the most common of them:

• insufficient oral hygiene,
• weakened immunity,
• taking medications that reduce salivation,
• viruses,
• lack of vitamin C,
• pregnancy,
• heredity,
• smoking,
• poor quality dental crowns and fillings,
• menses,
• taking hormonal drugs.

Insufficient oral hygiene. Over time, an invisible stain forms on the teeth and gums. to the human eye a film of bacteria and sugar that hardens within three days. If you systematically brush your teeth, the film will be removed during the hygiene procedure as it occurs. If you rarely brush your teeth, the film hardens, turns into tartar, and you can no longer remove it yourself. And in tartar, as in plaque, pathogenic bacteria multiply especially quickly. That is why dentists call insufficient oral hygiene one of the main causes of the disease.

Tartar is not only a breeding ground for bacteria, but also one of the causes of gum injury. Therefore, you should visit your dentist from time to time to have your teeth professionally cleaned and tartar removed, since you won’t be able to do this on your own. This way you will protect yourself from getting sick.

Weakened immunity. If the human body is weakened, it cannot resist the occurrence of various diseases caused by bacteria or viruses. Since gum inflammation has bacterial basis, weakened immunity plays a big role in the development and occurrence of the disease.

Taking medications that help reduce salivation. Human saliva is a cleansing substance; it gently and completely naturally cleans teeth and gums of plaque. If, as a result of taking medications, the amount of saliva has decreased significantly, this can lead to changes in the microflora of the oral cavity, and as a result, to inflammation.

Exposure to viruses. For example, one type of gingivitis, herpetic gingivostomatitis, is caused by the herpes virus. Viruses can trigger the onset of the disease if the body is weakened by previous diseases, so gingivitis most often occurs after previous diseases.

Vitamin C deficiency. It would seem, what is the relationship here? But it turns out that the lack of vitamin C can lead to such a serious disease as scurvy.

Pregnancy. During pregnancy, complex hormonal changes occur throughout a woman's body, as a result of which the woman complains that her gums are inflamed. In this case, you should pay increased attention oral hygiene and visit the dentist in a timely manner so as not to lose all your teeth by the end of pregnancy.

Bad heredity And smoking. If parents suffer from sore gums, their children are more likely to suffer as well.

Poor quality dental crowns And fillings. If a filling or dental crown constantly injures the gums, then over time it begins to become inflamed. Therefore, if you have a feeling of discomfort, and some crown scratches your gums, immediately consult a doctor and replace the low-quality crown with a better one.

Menstrual cycle or reception hormonal contraceptives . Therefore, women during this period should be especially careful about oral hygiene.

Let us note a few more reasons that can cause inflammation of the gums around the tooth:

• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract,
• cardiovascular system,
• diabetes mellitus,
• presence of infectious diseases.

If you suffer from one of these diseases, this does not mean that you will definitely develop gum disease. However, you should understand that you are at potential risk.

Symptoms

Symptoms of gum inflammation may appear gradually and increase in intensity over time. We list the main ones:

• redness,
• increased bleeding,
• swelling,
• bad breath.

On early stage As the disease progresses, redness appears and turns bright red. Therefore, if your gums have changed color, this is a reason to consult a doctor, even if no other symptoms are observed.

1. At the next stage of development of the inflammatory process, increased bleeding appears. Most often, gums bleed during hygiene procedures, as well as when touched carelessly. Bleeding is pretty serious symptom, which indicates that the process has gone far. Therefore, adequate treatment should be started immediately. Soft fabrics may bleed on their own or even due to a light touch or microtrauma. The affected gum becomes sensitive to any touch, and even eating can cause unpleasant pain and bleeding.
2. At the next stage of development of inflammation, everything around the tooth swells, pus can accumulate in the periodontal pocket, which causes the appearance unpleasant odor from the mouth. It also happens that bad breath is the only symptom diseases.
3. The most dangerous sign is tooth loss. It occurs at a late stage in the development of the disease, as a result gum atrophy. It is very important not to let this happen, so inflammation must be treated in a timely manner, at an early stage of the disease.

Since we are often asked the question: “The gums are inflamed, what should I do?”, in this article we tried to tell you in detail everything that is known today about this disease. We hope that our article will help you keep your teeth healthy for as long as possible.