Calculation of the insulin dose depending on the type and volume of the insulin syringe in milliliters. Insulin syringes

Very often diabetics prefer to use insulin syringe, this is the cheapest and most common option for introducing the hormone insulin into the body. Previously, only solutions with lower concentrations were offered for sale; 1 ml contained 40 units of insulin. In this regard, diabetics purchased U 40 insulin syringes with 40 units of insulin per 1 ml.

Today 1 ml in insulin syringe contains a dose of insulin per 100 units, so for precise definition dosage, the diabetic uses U 100 syringes with various needles. If the medicine is administered into more, a person's risk of severe hypoglycemia increases.

On at the moment In pharmacies you can buy both types of devices for administering insulin, so it is important to know exactly how they differ and how to take the medicine correctly. If a diabetic uses a 1 ml insulin syringe, how do you know how many units of insulin are being drawn and how to calculate the dose in the syringe?

Graduation on an insulin syringe

Every diabetic needs to understand how to draw insulin into a syringe. To correctly calculate the dose of insulin, insulin syringes have special divisions, the price of which corresponds to the concentration of the drug in one bottle.

Moreover, each division indicates what unit of insulin is, and not how many ml of solution was collected. In particular, if you draw up a medicine in a concentration of U40, the value of a unit of 0.15 ml will be 6 units, 05 ml will be 20 units, and a unit of 1 ml will be equal to 40 units. Accordingly, 1 unit of medication will be 0.025 ml of insulin.

The difference between U 40 and U 100 is that in the second case, 1 ml insulin syringes are 100 units, 0.25 ml - 25 units, 0.1 ml - 10 units. Since the volume and concentration of such syringes may differ, you should figure out which device is suitable for the patient.

When choosing a concentration medicine and the type of insulin syringe, you should consult your doctor. If you are introducing a concentration of 40 units of insulin in one milliliter, you must use U40 syringes; when using a different concentration, choose a U100 type device.
What happens if you use the wrong insulin syringes? For example, using a U100 syringe for a solution with a concentration of 40 units/ml, a diabetic can inject only 8 units of the drug instead of the required 20 units. This dosage is two times lower than the required amount of medicine.
If, on the contrary, you take a U40 syringe and draw up a solution of 100 units/ml, the diabetic will receive 50 units of the hormone instead of 20. It is important to understand how dangerous this is for human life.

For simple definition the right type device was invented by the developers distinguishing feature. In particular, U100 syringes have an orange protective cap, and U40 syringes have a red one.

Modern syringe pens also have integrated calibration, which is designed for 100 units/ml of insulin. Therefore, if the device breaks down and you urgently need to give an injection, you need to buy only U100 insulin syringes at the pharmacy.

Otherwise, as a result of using the wrong device, excessively collected milliliters may cause diabetic coma and even the death of a diabetic.

Choosing an insulin needle

Sugar level

To make the injection painless, it is necessary to select the correct diameter and length of the needle. The smaller the diameter, the less noticeable the pain will be during the injection; this fact was tested on seven patients. The thinnest needles are usually used by younger diabetics for the first injections.

Insulin syringes come with an integrated needle and a removable one. Doctors recommend choosing devices for injecting hormones with a non-removable needle, this ensures that you receive the full dosage of the drug, which was measured in advance.

The fact is that a certain amount of insulin is retained in the removable needle; as a result of this error, a person may not receive 7-6 units of the drug.

Insulin needles can have the following lengths:

Short – 4-5 mm;
Medium – 6-8 mm;
Long – more than 8 mm.

Too much longer length 12.7 mm is practically not used today, since its use increases the risk of intramuscular ingestion of the drug.

The optimal option for children and adults is a needle 8 mm long.

How to determine the division price

At the moment, you can find three-component insulin syringes in pharmacies with a volume of 0.3, 0.5 and 1 ml. Information about the exact capacity can be found on the back of the package.

Typically, diabetics prefer to use a one-ml syringe, the scale on which can consist of 40 or 100 units, and is sometimes marked in milliliters. There are also devices with a double scale.

Before using an insulin syringe, it is necessary to determine the total volume. After this, the price of a large division is determined by dividing the total volume of the syringe by the number of divisions. It is important to count only the gaps. If there are millimeter divisions, such a calculation is not required.

Next you need to calculate the volume of small divisions. To do this, find out their number in one large division. If you divide the volume of a large division by the number of small divisions, you get the desired division price, which a diabetic is guided by. An insulin injection can be given only after the patient can confidently say: “I understand how to calculate the dosage of the drug.”

Insulin dosage calculation

This drug produced in standard packaging and dosed in biological units of action. As a rule, a regular 5 ml bottle contains 200 units. hormone. So that 1 ml contains 40 units. insulin, you need to divide the total dosage by the capacity of the bottle.

The drug must be administered strictly with special syringes intended for insulin therapy. In a one-gram insulin syringe, one milliliter is divided into 20 divisions.

Thus, to obtain 16 units. hormone dial eight divisions. You can get 32 units of insulin by filling 16 divisions with the medicine. Another dosage of four units is measured in a similar way. drug. A diabetic must fill two bars to get 4 units of insulin. The same principle is used to calculate 12 and 26 units.

If a standard injection device is used, it is important to carefully calculate the unit division. Considering that there are 40 units in 1 ml, this figure is divided by total quantity divisions. For injection it is allowed to use disposable syringes of 2 ml and 3 ml.

If used, the bottle should be shaken before injection to obtain a homogeneous mixture.
Each bottle can be used multiple times and a second dosage can be taken at any desired time.
The medicine must be stored in the refrigerator, avoiding freezing.
Before giving the injection, the drug taken out of the refrigerator must be kept indoors for 30 minutes so that it warms up to room temperature.

How to dial up insulin correctly

Before injection, all injection instruments are sterilized, after which the water is drained. While the syringe, needles and tweezers are cooling, the aluminum protective layer is removed from the bottle, and the stopper is wiped with an alcohol solution.

Using tweezers, remove and assemble the syringe without touching the piston and tip with your hands. Next, install a thick needle, press the piston and remove the remaining liquid from the syringe.

The piston is installed slightly above the required mark. The rubber stopper is pierced, the needle is lowered 1.5 cm deep into the bottle, and then the remaining amount of air is squeezed out with a piston. Afterwards, the needle is raised up without removing it from the bottle, and the drug is taken in a slightly larger dosage.

The needle is pulled out of the cork and removed, and a new thin needle is installed in its place with tweezers. The air is removed by pressing on the piston, and two drops of medicine are removed from the needle. Only after this is an insulin injection given to the selected location on the body.

Information about insulin syringes is provided in the video in this article.

Sugar level

Latest discussions.

Currently, the cheapest and easiest way to administer insulin into the human body is to use a disposable syringe. Previously, less concentrated solutions of the drug were produced (1 ml included 40 units of the hormone), which is why it was possible to purchase a syringe to administer a concentration of 40 units/ml.

Today, 1 ml already contains 100 units of the hormone, and in order to introduce them into the human body, it is necessary to purchase a syringe for 100 units/ml. You can buy two types of insulin syringes at the pharmacy - 40 and 100 units/ml.

That is why patients with a history of diabetes mellitus, for whom the doctor recommended insulin injection certain dosage, you need to figure out how to calculate it correctly, and then enter the appropriate norm.

If you do not understand what the difference is, you can seriously harm your body and lead to severe and irreversible consequences due to the incorrect dosage of the drug.

Therefore, you need to find out what volume of syringe is needed in a given situation, and how many ml is in the insulin syringe?

To prevent patients from getting confused, the manufacturer applies a special graduation to the syringe, which indicates the concentration of insulin in the bottle of medicine. It is worth noting that each mark on the cylinder does not at all indicate milliliters of solution, it indicates the number of units.

Features of marking division:

When a syringe is needed for U40 concentrate, on the marking line, where, as a rule, 0.5 ml is written, an indicator of 20 units is observed, and at the level of 1 ml, 40 units are written.
With all this, 1 insulin unit equals 0.025 ml of insulin.
The U100 syringe has a parameter of 100 units, not 1 ml, and 50 units - 0.5 ml.

Diabetes mellitus requires the use of an insulin syringe of the required concentration. If the patient uses the hormone 40 units/ml, then mandatory U40 is acquired, and when at 100 units/ml, then U100.

Many patients wonder what will happen if they make a mistake and use the wrong syringe? For example, when U100 is filled with liquid with a concentration of 40 units/ml, instead of the required 20 units, only 8 will be obtained. That is, the dosage will be half as much as what is needed in this situation.

Another analogue can be given, when U40 and a solution of 100 units/ml are used, but in reality only 50 units will be obtained, but 20 are needed.

So that a diabetic can easily choose the required insulin syringe, manufacturers have come up with a specific identification mark to help select the required syringe:

The 40 units syringe has a red protective cap.
The 100 unit syringe has an orange cap.

In a similar way, you can distinguish insulin pens, which are designed for 100 units. In this regard, if for some reason the pen breaks down or is lost, it is important to know how much volume is in the syringe or insulin pen, and how to distinguish them.

In situations where the patient purchased the wrong product, an insulin overdose cannot be ruled out, which can lead to serious consequences, and even death.

How to choose a needle and determine the division price?

Patients are faced with the task of not only choosing the correct volume of the syringe, but also selecting a needle of the required length. The pharmacy sells two types of needles:

Removable view.
Non-removable view.

Medical experts advise choosing the second option, because removable needles have the ability to retain a certain amount medicinal substance, the volume of which can be up to 7 units.

Today, needles are produced whose length is 8 and 12.7 millimeters. They are not produced shorter than this length, because bottles of medicine with thick rubber stoppers are still sold.

In addition, the thickness of the needle is also important. The fact is that when insulin is administered with a thick needle, the patient will feel painful sensations. And using the thinnest possible needle, the injection is absolutely not felt by the diabetic. At the pharmacy you can buy syringes with different volumes:

0.3 ml.
0.5 ml.
1 ml.

In the vast majority of cases, patients prefer to opt for 1 ml, which is marked with three types of markings:

U 40.
U 100.
Scale in milliliters.

In some situations, you can purchase an insulin syringe that has a double designation. Before injecting yourself with medicine, you need to determine the entire volume of the syringe. To do this, you need to do the following:

First, the volume of the 1st division is calculated.
Next, the entire volume (indicated on the packaging) is divided by the number of divisions in the product.
Important: you need to count only intervals.
Then you need to determine the volume of one division: all small divisions are counted among all large ones.
Then, the volume of the large division is divided by the number of small divisions.

How is the insulin dose calculated?

It was found out how much the volume of the syringe is, and when to choose a syringe for U40 or U100, you need to find out how to calculate the dose of the hormone.

The hormonal solution is sold in packaging made according to medical standards, the dosage is indicated by means of BUA (biological units of action), which are designated “unit”.

Typically, a 5 ml vial contains 200 units of insulin. When you recalculate in a different way, it turns out that 1 ml of liquid contains 40 units of the drug.

Features of dosage administration:

It is advisable to make the injection with a special syringe that has single divisions.
If a standard syringe is used, then before administering the dose, you need to calculate the number of units included in each division.

The medicine bottle can be used many times. The medicine must be stored in a cold place, but not in the cold.

When using a hormone that has a prolonged effect, the bottle must be shaken before taking the medicine to obtain a homogeneous mixture. Before administration, the medicine must be warmed to room temperature.

To summarize, it is necessary to summarize that every diabetic should know what the syringe markings mean, which needle to choose correctly, and how to calculate the correct dosage. Only this knowledge will help you avoid negative consequences, and maintain the patient's health.

Most accessible method administration of insulin to hormone-dependent diabetics is the use of special syringes. They are sold complete with short sharp needles. It is important to understand what a 1 ml insulin syringe means and how to calculate the dosage. Diabetic patients are forced to inject themselves. They must be able to determine how much hormone to administer based on the situation.

Composition of drugs

To calculate insulin in a syringe, you need to know what solution is used. Previously, manufacturers made medicines with a hormone content of 40 units. On their packaging you can find the U-40 marking. Now we have learned to make more concentrated insulin-containing liquids, which contain 100 units of the hormone per 1 ml. Such containers with solution are marked U-100.

In each U-100, the dose of the hormone will be 2.5 times higher than in U-40.

To understand how many ml are in an insulin syringe, you need to evaluate the marks on it. For injections, different devices are used, they also have U-40 or U-100 signs. The following formulas are used in the calculations.

U-40: 1 ml contains 40 units of insulin, which means 0.025 ml - 1 U.
U-100: 1 ml - 100 IU, it turns out, 0.1 ml - 10 IU, 0.2 ml - 20 IU.

It is convenient to distinguish instruments by the color of the cap on the needles: for a smaller volume it is red (U-40), for a larger volume it is orange.

The dosage of the hormone is selected by the doctor individually, taking into account the patient’s condition. But it is extremely important to apply necessary remedy for injection. If you draw a solution containing 40 units per milliliter into a U-100 syringe, using its scale as a guide, it will turn out that the diabetic will inject 2.5 times less insulin into the body than planned.

Markup features

You need to figure out how much of the drug is required. Injection devices with a capacity of 0.3 ml are available for sale, the most common being 1 ml. This precise size range is designed to ensure that people can inject a strictly defined amount of insulin.

The volume of the injector should be based on how many ml are indicated by one marking division. First, the total capacity should be divided by the number of large pointers. This will give you the volume of each of them. After this, you can count how many small divisions are in one large one, and calculate using a similar algorithm.

It is not the applied stripes that need to be taken into account, but the spaces between them!

Some models indicate the value of each division. A U-100 syringe can have 100 marks, broken up by a dozen large ones. It is convenient to count on them the right dosage. To administer 10 units, it is enough to draw the solution up to the number 10 on the syringe, which will correspond to 0.1 ml.

U-40s typically have a scale from 0 to 40, with each division representing 1 unit of insulin. To administer 10 units, you should also dial up the solution to the number 10. But here it will be 0.25 ml instead of 0.1.

The amount should be calculated separately if the so-called “insulin” is used. This is a syringe that holds not 1 cube of solution, but 2 ml.

Calculation for other markings

Usually, diabetics do not have time to go to pharmacies and carefully select the necessary equipment for injections. Missing the hormone administration date may cause sharp deterioration well-being, especially difficult cases there is a risk of falling into a coma. If a diabetic has a syringe on hand intended for administering a solution with a different concentration, he has to quickly recalculate.

If a patient requires a one-time injection of 20 units of a drug labeled U-40, and only U-100 syringes are available, then you should draw not 0.5 ml of solution, but 0.2 ml. If there is a graduation on the surface, then it is much easier to navigate by it! You need to choose the same 20 units.

How else are insulin syringes used?

ASD fraction 2 - this remedy is well known to most diabetics. It represents biogenic stimulant, which actively influences everything metabolic processes, passing through the body. The drug is available in drops and is prescribed to non-insulin-dependent diabetics with type 2 disease.

ASD fraction 2 helps reduce the concentration of sugar in the body and restore the functioning of the pancreas.

The dosage is set in drops, but why then a syringe if we are not talking about injections? The fact is that the liquid should not come into contact with air, otherwise oxidation will occur. To prevent this from happening, and also for accuracy of administration, syringes are used for the set.

Let's calculate how many drops ASD factions 2 in “insulin”: 1 division corresponds to 3 particles of liquid. This amount is usually prescribed when starting the drug and then gradually increased.

Features of various models

There are insulin syringes on sale that are equipped with removable needles and are of one-piece construction.

If the tip is soldered to the body, the medicine will be completely removed. With fixed needles, there is no so-called “dead zone” where part of the drug is lost. Achieve complete removal medication, if the needle is removed, is more difficult. The difference between the amount of hormone collected and injected can reach up to 7 units. Therefore, doctors advise diabetics to purchase syringes with non-removable needles.

Many people use the injection device several times. This is prohibited. But if there is no choice, then the needles must be disinfected. This measure is extremely undesirable and is only permissible if the syringe is used by the same patient and it is impossible to use another one.

The needles on the “insulin”, regardless of the number of cubes in them, are shortened. The size is 8 or 12.7 mm. The release of smaller versions is impractical, since some insulin bottles are equipped with thick stoppers: the medicine may simply not be removed.

The thickness of the needles is determined by special markings: a number is indicated next to the letter G. You should focus on it when choosing. The thinner the needle, the less painful the injection will be. Given that insulin is administered several times daily, this is important.

What to pay attention to when performing injections

Each vial of insulin can be used multiple times. The remaining amount in the ampoule should be stored strictly in the refrigerator. Before administration, the drug is warmed to room temperature. To do this, remove the container from the cold and let it stand for about half an hour.

If you have to use a syringe multiple times, it must be sterilized after each injection to prevent infection.

If the needle is removable, then different models should be used to collect the medicine and administer it. Large ones are more convenient for taking insulin, while small and thin ones are better for injections.

If you need to measure 400 units of the hormone, you can take it into 10 syringes marked U-40 or 4 syringes labeled U-100.

When choosing a suitable injection device, you should focus on:

The presence of an indelible scale on the case;
Small step between divisions;
Needle sharpness;
Hypoallergenic materials.

You should take a little more insulin (1-2 units), since some amount may remain in the syringe itself. The hormone is taken subcutaneously: for this purpose, the needle is inserted at an angle of 75 0 or 45 0. This level of tilt allows you to avoid hitting the muscle.

When diagnosing insulin dependent diabetes The endocrinologist must explain to the patient how and when the hormone must be administered. If children become patients, the entire procedure is explained to their parents. For a child, it is especially important to correctly calculate the dose of the hormone and understand the rules for its administration, since a small amount of the drug is required, and an excess of it should not be allowed.

Today, the cheapest and most common option for administering insulin into the body is the use of disposable syringes.

Due to the fact that less concentrated solutions of the hormone were previously produced, 1 ml contained 40 units of insulin, so in the pharmacy you could find syringes designed for a concentration of 40 units/ml.

Today, 1 ml of solution contains 100 units of insulin; appropriate insulin syringes of 100 units/ml are used for its administration.

Since both types of syringes are currently available for sale, it is important for diabetics to carefully understand the dosage and be able to correctly calculate the administered rate.

Otherwise, if they are used incorrectly, severe hypoglycemia may occur.

Markup features

So that diabetics can easily navigate, a graduation is applied to the insulin syringe, which corresponds to the concentration of the hormone in the bottle. Moreover, each marking division on the cylinder indicates the number of units, not milliliters of solution.

So, if a syringe is intended for a concentration of U40, on the marking where 0.5 ml is usually indicated, the indicator is 20 units; at the level of 1 ml, 40 units are indicated.

In this case, one insulin unit is 0.025 ml of the hormone. Thus, the U100 syringe has a reading of 100 units instead of 1 ml, and 50 units at the level of 0.5 ml.

At diabetes mellitus It is important to use only the required concentration of insulin syringe. To use insulin 40 units/ml you should buy a U40 syringe, and for 100 units/ml you need to use the corresponding U100 syringe.

What happens if you use the wrong insulin syringe? For example, if a solution with a concentration of 40 units/ml is drawn into a U100 syringe, instead of the expected 20 units, only 8 will be obtained, which is more than half the required dosage. Similarly, when using a U40 syringe and a solution of 100 units/ml, instead of the required dose of 20 units, 50 units will be drawn.

So that diabetics can accurately determine the required amount of insulin, the developers came up with an identification mark that can be used to distinguish one type of insulin syringe from another.

In particular, the U40 syringe, sold today in pharmacies, has a red protective cap, and the U 100 has an orange protective cap.

Insulin syringe pens, which are designed for a concentration of 100 units/ml, are similarly graduated. Therefore, in the event of a device failure, it is important to take this feature into account and purchase only U 100 syringes from the pharmacy.

Otherwise, if the wrong choice is made, a severe overdose is possible, which can lead to coma and even death of the patient.

Therefore, it is better to purchase a set in advance necessary tools, which will always be kept at hand, and warn yourself against danger.

Needle length features

To avoid mistakes in dosage, it is also important to choose needles of the right length. As you know, they come in removable and non-removable types.

Today, insulin needles are available in lengths of 8 and 12.7 mm. They are not made shorter, since some insulin bottles still have thick stoppers.

Also, needles have a certain thickness, which is indicated by the symbol G with a number. The diameter of the needle determines how painful the insulin will be injected. When using thinner needles, the injection on the skin is practically not felt.

Determining the division price

Today you can buy an insulin syringe at the pharmacy, the volume of which is 0.3, 0.5 and 1 ml. The exact capacity can be found by looking at reverse side packaging.

Most often, diabetics use 1 ml syringes for insulin therapy, which can have three types of scales:

Consisting of 40 units;
Consisting of 100 units;
Graduated in milliliters.

In some cases, syringes may be sold that are marked with two scales at once.

How is the division price determined?

The first step is to find out how much the total volume of the syringe is; these figures are usually indicated on the packaging.

In this case, only the intervals are counted. For example, for a U40 syringe the calculation is ¼=0.25 ml, and for U100 - 1/10=0.1 ml. If the syringe has millimeter graduations, no calculations are required, since the number placed indicates the volume.

After this, the volume of the small division is determined. For this purpose, you need to count the number of all small divisions between one large one. Next, the previously calculated volume of the large division is divided by the number of small ones.

After the calculations have been made, you can dial the required amount of insulin.

How to calculate dosage

The insulin hormone is available in standard packages and is dosed in biological units of action, which are designated as units. Typically, one 5 ml bottle contains 200 units of the hormone. If you make calculations, it turns out that 1 ml of solution contains 40 units of medicine.

Insulin administration is best done using a special insulin syringe, which indicates divisions in units. When using standard syringes, it is necessary to carefully calculate how many units of the hormone are included in each division.

To do this, you need to remember that 1 ml contains 40 units, based on this you need this indicator divide by the number of divisions.

So, with one division reading 2 units, the syringe is filled eight divisions to inject 16 units of insulin into the patient. Similarly, with an indicator of 4 units, four divisions are filled with the hormone.

One vial of insulin is intended for multiple use. The unused solution is stored in the refrigerator on a shelf, but it is important that the medicine does not freeze. When using long-acting insulin, before drawing it into the syringe, shake the bottle until a homogeneous mixture is obtained.

After removing from the refrigerator, the solution must be warmed to room temperature by keeping it indoors for half an hour.

diabeteshelp.org

Home page > Insulin > Marking of insulin syringes, calculation of insulin U-40 and U-100 Marking of insulin syringes, calculation of insulin U-40 and U-100

To calculate insulin and its dosage, it is worth considering that in the bottles that are presented on pharmaceutical markets Russia and the CIS countries contain 40 units of insulin per 1 milliliter.
The bottle is labeled U-40 (40 units/ml). Regular insulin syringes used by diabetics are designed specifically for this insulin. Before use, it is necessary to make an appropriate calculation of insulin according to the principle: 0.5 ml of insulin - 20 units, 0.25 ml - 10 units, 1 unit in a syringe with 40 divisions - 0.025 ml. Each line on an insulin syringe marks a certain volume, the graduation into insulin units is a graduation by volume of solution, and is designed for U-40 insulin (Concentration 40 units/ml): 4 units of insulin - 0.1 ml of solution, 6 units of insulin - 0. 15 ml of solution, 40 units of insulin - 1 ml of solution.

In many countries around the world, insulin is used, which contains 100 units per 1 ml of solution (U-100). In this case, it is necessary to use special syringes.

They are currently no different from U-40 syringes, however, the applied graduation is intended only for calculating insulin with a U-100 concentration. This insulin is 2.5 times higher than the standard concentration (100 units/ml: 40 units/ml = 2.5).
When calculating insulin, the patient must know Determined by a doctor the dosage remains the same and is determined by the body’s need for a specific volume of the hormone. But if a diabetic used U-40 insulin, receiving 40 units per day, then when treated with U-100 insulin, he will still need 40 units. These 40 units just need to be injected with a U-100 syringe. If you inject U-100 insulin with a U-40 syringe, the amount of insulin injected should be 2.5 times less. For patients with diabetes, when calculating insulin, you must remember the formula: 40 units. U-40 is contained in 1 ml of solution and is equal to 40 units. insulin U-100 contained in 0.4 ml of solution. The dosage of insulin remains unchanged, only the volume of administered insulin decreases. This difference is taken into account in syringes designed for U-100.

chindolina.ru

I hope this information is useful and makes diabetic arithmetic easier for someone. Let's talk in this article about calculating the dose of insulin for diabetes.

Insulin dose calculation

Insulin is dosed in biological units of action (AU) and released in special vials. So, one 5 ml bottle contains 200 IU of insulin (there is a corresponding marking on the bottle), respectively, 1 ml contains 40 IU of the drug (200:5 = 40). It is better to inject a dose of insulin with a special syringe on which the units are indicated. When using regular insulin, before administering the drug, you need to find out how many units of insulin are in each division of the syringe. The calculation is made as follows: if 1 ml contains 40 units of insulin dose, this amount is divided by the number of divisions in 1 ml of the syringe and the amount of insulin dose in one division is obtained. For example, there are 20 divisions in 1 ml of a syringe, therefore there are 2 units in one division (40: 20 = 2). In the case when the patient needs to administer 16 units, eight divisions of the syringe are filled with the medicine. If there are 10 divisions in 1 ml of a syringe, then each division of the syringe corresponds to 4 units of insulin (40: 10 = 4). If it is necessary to administer 16 units of insulin, fill four divisions with the medicine.

Determination of quantity grain units

Main "marker" diet for patients with diabetes - carbohydrates. To determine their quantity in products it is used conventional unit calculation - bread unit (XE). Conventionally, it contains 12 g of net carbohydrates and increases blood sugar by 1.7-2.7 mmol/l. To calculate the amount of carbohydrates in XE in the finished product, you need to divide the amount of carbohydrates in 100 g of product indicated on the original packaging by 12 and you will get the number of bread units for the same 100 g. For example, the packaging indicates that in 100 g of this product contains 60 g of carbohydrates. When dividing the indicated number by 12, it turns out that 100 g of this product contains 5 XE.

Glycemic load (GL) is an indicator that reflects the quantity and quality of carbohydrates contained in foods. To calculate it, the formula is used: GL = GI (%): 100 and multiplied by the amount of carbohydrates in grams. Where GI is the glycemic index, which reflects the rate of absorption of carbohydrates in the body. It allows you to roughly estimate how blood sugar will increase after consuming a particular product compared to the standard (glucose or white bread). This indicator is expressed as a percentage. For example, GI = 70 means that after consuming 50 g of this product, the blood sugar level will be 70% of what appears after consuming 50 g of pure glucose.

For example, the GI of boiled potatoes in their jackets is 65%, and 100 g of such potatoes contains 11.5 g of carbohydrates. After consumption given quantity potatoes, the glycemic load will be: GL = 65: 100 x 11.5 = 7.5. For comparison, we define the same indicator for fried potatoes, the GI of which is 95%, and 100 g contains 23.4 g of carbohydrates - GL = 95:100 x 23.4 = 22.2.

This formula shows: the more carbohydrates in a product and the higher its GI, the higher the GN index, and, consequently, the load on the pancreas sharply increases. Depending on this, the degrees of GN are distinguished - low (0-10), medium (11-19), high 20 or more (for one serving). Glycemic index food products indicated in special tables that every diabetic has.

Signs of diabetes

According to experts, a significant number of people are predisposed to this disease. You can find out if you have it by answering the questions of a simple test.

— Do you feel a constant, unquenchable thirst?

— Do you experience any inconvenience due to frequent urges to urination, especially when you have to leave home for a long time?

— Do dried drops of urine leave dense white stains on laundry, reminiscent of starch marks?

— Do you periodically experience weakness and drowsiness?

— Do you notice a deterioration in your vision: the contours of objects blur, as if you are looking through fog?

— Are you bothered by periodic sensations of numbness and tingling in your palms and soles?

—You can’t get rid of acne?

— Do you have very dry skin, and cuts and scratches do not heal well?

- Does it bother you? itchy skin, especially in the perineal area?

— In recent months, have you lost 3-5 kg without putting any effort into it?

— Do you constantly feel very hungry, eat and can’t get enough?

The more affirmative answers you gave, the higher the likelihood of diabetes. In this case, you should immediately consult a doctor and take a blood and urine test for sugar.

www.vashaibolit.ru

E. S. ZHDANOVA, doctor

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease in which, as a result of a lack of the pancreatic hormone insulin in the body, disturbances in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism occur. To treat diabetes mellitus, diet, glucose-lowering pills and insulin injections are used. It is very important for diabetic patients to be able to inject themselves with insulin.

WHAT YOU NEED TO HAVE AT HOME FOR INSULIN INJECTIONS

A special syringe with a capacity of 1 or 2 milliliters (grams) or with graduation in units, several needles (2-3 large ones for taking the medicine, and 3-4 thin ones for administering it), tweezers, cotton wool, alcohol. You should stock up on a sterilizer or set aside a small saucepan with a lid.

Before each injection, rinse the disassembled syringe, needles with mandrels (thin wires inserted inside and protecting the needles from contamination) and tweezers, and fill with cold water. boiled water and boil in a covered sterilizer or saucepan for 15 minutes. If the syringes and needles are new, then boil them for the first time for 40-45 minutes.

HOW MUCH TO TAKE MEDICATIONS

This must be calculated in advance. Each syringe has a certain number of divisions. You need to know how many units of insulin are contained in each division. The calculation is made as follows: one milliliter contains 40 units of insulin. 40 units are divided by the number of divisions to obtain the amount of insulin per division. For example, there are 20 divisions in one milliliter of a syringe, therefore, one division contains 2 units of insulin (40:20). If the patient needs to inject 16 units of insulin, then 8 divisions of the syringe (16:2) should be filled with the medicine. One-gram syringes with 10 divisions are now available. Each division corresponds to 4 units of insulin (40:10). If it is necessary to inject 16 units of insulin with such a syringe, it is filled into 4 divisions.

Insulin is available in standard packaging. The bottle contains 5 milliliters of the drug, or 20 units. Thus, one bottle is intended for several injections. The remaining medicine, as well as unused vials, should be stored in a cool, dark place, preferably in the refrigerator, on the shelves of the door, preventing the medicine from freezing.

If you are using long-acting insulin, then before drawing it into the syringe, shake the bottle until a homogeneous mixture is formed.

Before administration, the drug removed from the refrigerator must be warmed to room temperature by keeping it in the room for about 30 minutes.

HOW TO PUT MEDICATION INTO A SYRINGE

After sterilizing the syringe, needles and tweezers, the water is carefully drained. While they are cooling, use a knife to remove the circle from the aluminum cap that covers the insulin bottle, wipe the rubber stopper with alcohol, wash your hands with soap and, without covering the tap with them or wiping them with a towel, wipe your fingertips with a cotton swab moistened with alcohol. Take tweezers from the sterilizer and use them to remove and assemble the syringe without touching the plunger, syringe tip or needle with your hands. When the syringe is assembled, put a thick needle on it and remove drops of water with a few strokes of the piston.

The syringe plunger is placed slightly above the mark corresponding to the administered dose of insulin. Pierce the rubber cap with a needle and, inserting the needle 1-1.5 centimeters deep, squeeze the air in the syringe into the bottle. Then turn it with the needle up (the bottle is above the needle) and dial in insulin 1-2 divisions more than the required dose. Pull the needle out of the rubber cap and then remove it from the syringe; Use tweezers to place a thin needle on the syringe, removing the mandrel from it. Lightly press the plunger to remove air from the syringe, and let one or two drops of medicine drain from the tip of the needle (these are those extra 1-2 divisions). Now you can give the injection.

HOW TO ADMINISTER INSULIN

Insulin is injected subcutaneously into the outer surface of the shoulder, thighs, buttocks, central abdominal area and under the shoulder blades. It is more convenient to inject insulin into the thigh yourself.

Wipe the injection site with alcohol. Big and index fingers With your left hand, gather the skin into a thick fold and pierce it with a sweep, almost parallel to the surface. The needle should enter the skin 1-1.5 centimeters. After this, release the fold and slowly press the plunger with your index finger or thumb.

Make sure that insulin does not leak out of the syringe. The dose of medication administered must be very precise.

When the piston has entered the syringe all the way and there is no medicine left in it, apply a piece of cotton wool moistened with alcohol to the injection site and slowly remove the needle. There is no need to massage the resulting swelling so as not to accelerate the flow of insulin into the blood. You should also not inject in the same place.

When going on vacation or a business trip, you can use a case with alcohol to keep the syringe and needle in a sterile condition. Before injection, it is necessary to carefully remove any remaining alcohol from the syringe and needle, since alcohol, if it gets into the insulin, will weaken its effect.

lechebnik.info

Syringe markings

Features of marking division:

When a syringe is needed for U40 concentrate, on the marking line, where, as a rule, 0.5 ml is written, an indicator of 20 units is observed, and at the level of 1 ml, 40 units are written.
With all this, 1 insulin unit equals 0.025 ml of insulin.
The U100 syringe has a parameter of 100 units, not 1 ml, and 50 units - 0.5 ml.

Diabetes mellitus requires the use of an insulin syringe of the required concentration. If the patient uses the hormone 40 units/ml, then U40 is required, and when the hormone is 100 units/ml, then U100.

Another analogue can be given, when U40 and a solution of 100 units/ml are used, but in reality only 50 units will be obtained, but 20 are needed.

So that a diabetic can easily choose the required insulin syringe, manufacturers have come up with a specific identification mark to help select the required syringe:

The 40 units syringe has a red protective cap.
The 100 unit syringe has an orange cap.

In situations where the patient purchased the wrong product, an insulin overdose cannot be ruled out, which can lead to serious consequences and even death.

How to choose a needle and determine the division price?

Patients are faced with the task of not only choosing the correct volume of the syringe, but also selecting a needle of the required length. The pharmacy sells two types of needles:

Removable view.
Non-removable view.

Medical experts advise choosing the second option, because removable needles have the ability to retain a certain amount of the medicinal substance, the volume of which can be up to 7 units.

Today, needles are produced whose length is 8 and 12.7 millimeters. They are not produced shorter than this length, because bottles of medicine with thick rubber stoppers are still sold.

In addition, the thickness of the needle is also important. The fact is that when insulin is injected with a thick needle, the patient will feel pain. And using the thinnest possible needle, the injection is absolutely not felt by the diabetic. At the pharmacy you can buy syringes with different volumes:

0.3 ml.
0.5 ml.
1 ml.

In the vast majority of cases, patients prefer to opt for 1 ml, which is marked with three types of markings:

U 40.
U 100.
Scale in milliliters.

First, the volume of the 1st division is calculated.
Next, the entire volume (indicated on the packaging) is divided by the number of divisions in the product.
Important: you need to count only intervals.
Then you need to determine the volume of one division: all small divisions are counted among all large ones.
Then, the volume of the large division is divided by the number of small divisions.

How is the insulin dose calculated?

It was found out how much the volume of the syringe is, and when to choose a syringe for U40 or U100, you need to find out how to calculate the dose of the hormone.

The hormonal solution is sold in packaging manufactured according to medical standards, the dosage is indicated using BIA (biological units of action), which are designated “unit”.

Typically, a 5 ml vial contains 200 units of insulin. When you recalculate in a different way, it turns out that 1 ml of liquid contains 40 units of the drug.

Features of dosage administration:

It is advisable to make the injection with a special syringe that has single divisions.
If a standard syringe is used, then before administering the dose, you need to calculate the number of units included in each division.

The medicine bottle can be used many times. The medicine must be stored in a cold place, but not in the cold.

To summarize, it is necessary to summarize that every diabetic should know what the syringe markings mean, which needle to choose correctly, and how to calculate the correct dosage. Only this knowledge will help to avoid negative consequences and maintain the patient’s health.

diabetik.com

Syringe - syringe is different

Doctors around the world began using a special syringe for insulin injection several decades ago. Several variants of syringe models for diabetics have been developed, which are easy to use independently, for example, a pen or a pump. But outdated models have not lost their relevance.

The main advantages of the insulin model include simplicity of design and accessibility.

The insulin syringe should be such that the patient can painlessly inject himself at any time, with minimal complications. To do this, you need to choose the right model.

What does pharmacology offer?

Pharmacy chains offer syringes of various modifications. By design they come in two types:

Disposable, sterile, with replaceable needles.
Syringes with a built-in (integrated) needle. The model does not have a “dead zone”, so there is no loss of medication.

It is difficult to answer which types are better. Modern pen syringes or pumps can be carried with you to work or school. The drug is filled in them in advance and remains sterile until use. They are comfortable and small in size.

Expensive models are equipped with electronic mechanisms that will remind you when it is necessary to give an injection, show how much medicine has been administered and the time of the last injection. Similar ones are shown in the photo.

Choosing the right syringe

The correct insulin syringe has transparent walls so that the patient can see how much medication has been drawn up and injected. The piston is rubberized and the drug is introduced smoothly and slowly.

When choosing a model for injection, it is important to understand the scale divisions. Number of divisions per various models may vary. One division contains the minimum volume of the drug that can be drawn into the syringe

Why is a graduation scale needed?

An insulin syringe must have marked divisions and a scale; if they are not there, we do not recommend purchasing such models. The divisions and scale show the patient how much concentrated insulin is inside. Typically, 1 ml of the drug is equal to 100 units, but there are expensive devices for 40 ml/100 units.

For any model of insulin syringe, the divisions have a small error, which is exactly ½ division of the total volume.

For example, if you enter medicine with a syringe with divisions of 2 Units, the total dosage will be +- 0.5 units of the medicine. For the information of readers, 0.5 units of insulin can reduce blood sugar levels by 4.2 mmol/l. U small child this figure is even higher.

Anyone with diabetes needs to understand this information. A small error, even 0.25 units, can lead to glycemia. The smaller the model’s error, the easier and safer it is to use the syringe. This is important to understand so that the patient can accurately administer the insulin dose on their own.

To administer the drug as accurately as possible, follow the rules:

how smaller step division, the more accurate the dosage of the administered drug will be;
It is better to dilute the hormone before administration.

A standard insulin syringe has a capacity of no more than 10 units for administering the drug. The division step is marked with the following numbers:

0.25 Units
1 Unit
2 Units

Insulin labeling

On the market in our country and the CIS, the hormone is produced in bottles with a solution of 40 units of the drug per 1 ml. It is marked U-40. Standard disposable syringes are designed for this volume. Calculate how many ml in units. division is not difficult, since 1 Unit. 40 divisions equal 0.025 ml of the drug. Our readers can use the table:

Now let’s figure out how to calculate a solution with a concentration of 40 units/ml. Knowing how many ml are on one scale, you can calculate how many units of the hormone are obtained in 1 ml. For the convenience of readers, we present the result for marking U-40 in the form of a table:

Insulin labeled U-100 is found abroad. The solution contains 100 units. hormone per 1 ml. Our standard syringes are not suitable for this medicine. Need special ones. Their design is the same as U-40, but the graduation scale is designed for U-100. The concentration of imported insulin is 2.5 times higher than our U-40. You need to calculate based on this figure.

How to use an insulin syringe correctly

We recommend using it for hormonal injection syringes whose needles are not removable. They do not have a dead zone and the medication will be injected more exact dosage. The only drawback is that after 4-5 times the needles will become dull. Syringes with removable needles are more hygienic, but their needles are thicker.

It is more practical to alternate: use a disposable simple syringe at home, and at work or elsewhere a reusable one with a non-removable needle.

Before drawing the hormone into the syringe, the bottle must be wiped with alcohol. For short-term administration of a small dose, there is no need to shake the medication. A large dosage is available in the form of a suspension, so shake the bottle before taking it.

The piston on the syringe is pulled back to the required division and the needle is inserted into the bottle. Air is forced inside the bubble, with a piston and the medicine under pressure inside is drawn into the device. The amount of medication in the syringe should slightly exceed the administered dose. If air bubbles get inside, you should lightly tap it with your finger.

It is correct to use different needles for drawing up the drug and administering it. To take the medication, you can use needles from a simple syringe. An injection can only be given using an insulin needle.

There are a number of rules that will tell the patient how to mix the drug correctly:

You should first draw insulin into the syringe short acting, then long;
Short-acting insulin or NPH should be used immediately after mixing or stored for no more than 3 hours.
You can't mix insulin average duration action (NPH) with a long-acting suspension. The zinc filler converts the long hormone into a short one. And this is life-threatening!
Detemir and long-acting insulin Glargine cannot be mixed with each other or with other types of hormones.

The place where the injection will be given is wiped with a solution of antiseptic liquid or simple detergent composition. We do not recommend using alcohol solution, the fact is that diabetics have dry skin. Alcohol will dry it out even more, causing painful cracks to appear.

Insulin should be injected under the skin, not into muscle tissue. The needle puncture is done strictly at an angle of 45-75 degrees, shallow. You should not pull out the needle after administering the drug; wait 10–15 seconds for the hormone to distribute under the skin. Otherwise, the hormone will partially come out into the hole from under the needle.

privivkainfo.ru

General calculation rules

An important rule in the algorithm for calculating the dose of insulin is that the patient needs no more than 1 unit of the hormone per kilogram of weight. If you ignore this rule, then an overdose of insulin will occur, which can lead to a critical condition - hypoglycemic coma. But to accurately select the dose of insulin, it is necessary to take into account the degree of compensation for the disease:

In the first stages of type 1 disease, the required dose of insulin is selected at the rate of no more than 0.5 units of the hormone per kilogram of weight.
If type 1 diabetes mellitus is well compensated during the year, then maximum dose insulin will be 0.6 units of the hormone per kilogram of body weight.
At severe course Type 1 diabetes and constant fluctuations in blood glucose levels require up to 0.7 units of the hormone per kilogram of weight.
In the case of decompensated diabetes, the insulin dose will be 0.8 U/kg;
For gestational diabetes mellitus – 1.0 U/kg.

So, the insulin dose is calculated according to the following algorithm: Daily insulin dose (ED) * Total body weight/2.

Example: If daily dose insulin is 0.5 units, then it must be multiplied by body weight, for example 70 kg. 0.5*70 = 35. The resulting number 35 must be divided by 2. The resulting number is 17.5, which must be rounded down, that is, 17. It turns out that the morning dose of insulin will be 10 units, and the evening dose – 7.

What dose of insulin is needed for 1 unit of bread?

A bread unit is a concept that was introduced to make it easier to calculate the administered dose of insulin immediately before a meal. Here, not all products that contain carbohydrates are taken into account in the calculation of bread units, but only those that are “counted”:

potatoes, beets, carrots;
grain products;
sweet fruits;
sweets.

In Russia, one unit of bread corresponds to 10 grams of carbohydrates. A loaf is equivalent to one unit of bread white bread, one medium-sized apple, two teaspoons of sugar. If one bread unit enters the body, which is unable to independently produce insulin, then the glycemic level increases in the range from 1.6 to 2.2 mmol/l. That is, these are exactly the indicators by which glycemia decreases if one unit of insulin is administered.

It follows from this that for each unit of bread taken, about 1 unit of insulin must be administered in advance. That is why it is recommended that all diabetics acquire a table of bread units in order to make the most accurate calculations. In addition, before each injection it is necessary to control glycemia, that is, find out the level of sugar in the blood using a glucometer.

If the patient has hyperglycemia, that is, high sugar, you need to add the required number of units of the hormone to the corresponding number of bread units. In case of hypoglycemia, the dose of the hormone will be less.

Example: If a diabetic has a sugar level of 7 mmol/l half an hour before meals, and he plans to eat 5 XE, he needs to administer one unit of short-acting insulin. Then the initial blood sugar will decrease from 7 mmol/l to 5 mmol/l. Also, to compensate for 5 bread units, you need to introduce 5 units of the hormone, for a total insulin dose of 6 units.

How to choose the dose of insulin in a syringe?

To fill a regular 1.0-2.0 ml syringe the right amount medicines, you need to calculate the cost of dividing the syringe. To do this, you need to determine the number of divisions in 1 ml of the instrument. The domestically produced hormone is sold in 5.0 ml bottles. 1 ml is 40 units of the hormone. 40 units of the hormone must be divided by the number that is obtained by counting the divisions in 1 ml of the instrument.

Example: There are 10 divisions in 1 ml syringe. 40:10 = 4 units. That is, 4 units of insulin are placed in one division of the syringe. The dose of insulin that needs to be injected should be divided by the price of one division, so you will get the number of divisions on the syringe that must be filled with insulin.

There are also pen syringes that contain a special flask filled with hormone. By pressing or turning the syringe button, insulin is injected subcutaneously. Before the injection, the required dose must be set in pen syringes, which will enter the patient’s body.

How to administer insulin: general rules

Insulin is administered according to the following algorithm (when the required volume of medication has already been calculated):

Hands should be disinfected and medical gloves should be worn.
Roll out the bottle of medicine in your hands so that it is evenly mixed, and disinfect the lid and stopper.
Fill the syringe with air in the amount in which the hormone will be injected.
Place the bottle of medicine vertically on the table, remove the cap from the needle and insert it into the bottle through the stopper.
Press the syringe so that the air from it enters the bottle.
Turn the bottle upside down and fill the syringe with 2-4 units more than the dose that should enter the body.
Remove the needle from the bottle, release the air from the syringe, adjusting the dose to the required level.
Disinfect the place where the injection will be given twice with a piece of cotton wool and an antiseptic.
Inject insulin subcutaneously (with a large dose of the hormone, the injection is done intramuscularly).
Treat the injection site and the instruments used.

For rapid absorption of the hormone (if the injection is subcutaneous), it is recommended to give an injection in the stomach. If the injection is given in the thigh, absorption will be slow and incomplete. An injection into the buttocks, the shoulder has an average absorption speed.

You can get more information about the insulin injection technique here: http://diabet.biz/lechenie/tradicionnaya/insulin/tehnika-vvedenija-insulina.html.

Extended insulin and its dose (video)

Extended insulin is prescribed to patients to maintain normal level glucose in the blood on an empty stomach, so that the liver has the opportunity to produce glucose constantly (and this is necessary for the functioning of the brain), because with diabetes the body cannot do this on its own.

Extended insulin is administered once every 12 or 24 hours depending on the type of insulin (today two are used effective type insulin - Levemir and Lantus). How to correctly calculate the required dose long-acting insulin, says a diabetes control specialist in the video:

The ability to correctly calculate insulin doses is a skill that every insulin-dependent diabetic should master. If you choose the wrong dose of insulin, an overdose may occur, which, if assistance is not provided in a timely manner, can result in fatal. Correct doses of insulin are the key wellness diabetic.