Name: Ketorol (Ketorol)

Pharmacological influence:
Ketorol is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with mainly analgesic effect. The active substance of the drug is ketorolac (ketorolac tromethamine). Ketorolac has a moderate antipyretic property, anti-inflammatory effect and a pronounced analgesic effect. Ketorolac mainly in peripheral tissues causes non-selective suppression of the activity of cyclooxygenase enzymes 1 and 2 types, resulting in inhibition of the formation of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins play important role in the appearance of pain, inflammation reactions and the mechanism of thermoregulation. By chemical structure the active substance of Ketorol is a racemic mixture of + R- and -S- enantiomers, and the analgesic effect of the drug is due precisely to the -S-enantiomers. Ketorol does not affect opioid receptors, does not depress respiratory center, does not have a calming and antidepressant effect, does not cause drug addiction. The analgesic result of Ketorol is comparable in strength to morphine and is much more superior to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs of other groups. Onset of analgesic action after intramuscular injection or ingestion begins after 0.5 and 1 hour, respectively. The maximum analgesic result is observed after 1-2 hours.

Ketorol - indications for use:

For the relief of pain syndromes caused by any cause, with a strong or medium degree severity (including oncological pathology and pain in the period after surgery).

Ketorol - method of application:

Ketorol tablets
Assigned for oral administration. Depending on the severity and severity of pain, they are used once or repeatedly at a dose of 10 mg (maximum allowable dosage- 4 tablets per day - 40 mg). Duration of 1 course of treatment - no more than 5 days.

Ketorol for intramuscular injection
The minimum effective dose is selected individually, which depends on the therapeutic response of the patient and the intensity of the pain syndrome. If necessary, it is possible to simultaneously prescribe reduced dosages of opioid analgesics.
At the age of 65 years, 10-30 mg of the drug is used intramuscularly once or repeatedly (every 4-6 hours) at 10-30 mg. For patients over 65 years old, as well as for impaired renal function, Ketorol is prescribed intramuscularly once 10-15 mg or repeatedly 10-15 mg every 4-6 hours, depending on the severity of the pain syndrome.
The maximum allowable dosage for patients under 65 years of age is 90 mg / day. In case of impaired renal function or age over 65 years, the maximum allowable dosage is 60 mg / day. The course of therapy is no more than 5 days.

Switching from intramuscular to internal use
On the day of the transition, the dosage of Ketorol for oral administration should not exceed 30 mg. The daily total dosage of tablets and solution when switching from intramuscular administration to oral administration should be no more than 90 mg / day for patients 65 years of age or less, for patients with impaired renal function or over 65 years of age - 60 mg / day.

Ketorol - side effects:

Gradation of side effects: more than 3% - frequent, 1-3% - less frequent; less than 1% are rare.

From the urinary system: back pain without or with azotemia and / or hematuria, acute renal failure, uremic hemolytic syndrome (renal failure, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, purpura), decrease or increase in the volume of urine excreted, renal edema, frequent urination, nephritis (rarely).

From the side digestive system: diarrhea and gastralgia, especially in patients over the age of 65 years who had a history of erosive and ulcerative diseases gastrointestinal tract(often); flatulence, a feeling of fullness in the stomach, constipation, stomatitis, vomiting (less often); erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, including bleeding (burning or spasm in the epigastric region, abdominal pain, vomiting of the " coffee grounds”, heartburn, melena, nausea) and perforation of the wall of the gastrointestinal tract, hepatitis, acute pancreatitis, cholestatic jaundice, hepatomegaly (rarely).

From the side of the central nervous system: headache, drowsiness, dizziness (often); depression, hallucinations, psychosis, tinnitus, hearing impairment, visual impairment (including blurred visual perception), hyperactivity (anxiety, mood changes), aseptic meningitis (severe headache, fever, muscle stiffness of the back and / or neck, convulsions) - rarely.

From the side respiratory system: laryngeal edema (difficulty breathing, shortness of breath), dyspnea or bronchospasm, rhinitis (rarely).

Allergic reactions: anaphylactoid reactions or anaphylaxis ( skin rash, discoloration of the skin of the face, itching of the skin, urticaria, dyspnea or tachypnea, periorbital edema, swelling of the eyelids, shortness of breath, shortness of breath, wheezing, heaviness in chest) - rarely.
From the blood coagulation system: nose bleed, bleeding from postoperative wound, bleeding from the intestines (rare).

On the part of the hematopoietic organs: eosinophilia, anemia, leukopenia (rarely).

Skin reactions: purpura and skin rash, including maculo-papular rash (less often); urticaria, exfoliative dermatitis (fever with or without chills, peeling or hardening of the skin, redness, tenderness and/or swelling palatine tonsils), Lyell's syndrome, Stevens-Johnson syndrome (rarely).

From the side of cardio-vascular system: slight increase blood pressure(less often); pulmonary edema, loss of consciousness (rare).

Local reactions when injected into the muscle: pain or burning at the injection site (less often).

Others: swelling of the legs, face, ankles, feet, fingers, weight gain (often); excessive sweating(less often); fever, swelling of the tongue, (rare).

Ketorol - contraindications:

Aspirin triad;
angioedema;
bronchospasm;
hypersensitivity to tromethamine ketorolac and / or other drugs of the NSAID group;
hypovolemia, regardless of the cause of its development;
erosive and ulcerative diseases digestive system in the acute phase;
hypocoagulation (including cases of hemophilia);
dehydration;
peptic ulcers;
hemorrhagic stroke (suspected or confirmed);
combination with other NSAIDs;
renal and/or liver failure(if plasma creatinine is more than 50 mg/l);
violation of hematopoiesis;
hemorrhagic diathesis;
pregnancy, childbirth, lactation;
high risk development of bleeding (including postoperative);
age up to 16 years.

Ketorol - pregnancy:

Ketorol is contraindicated in pregnant women. If you need to prescribe the drug during lactation, breast-feeding temporarily stop.

Interaction with others medicines:
The combination of paracetamol and Ketorol increases the risk of toxic effects on kidney tissue, with methotrexate - causes increased nephro- and hepatotoxicity.
Simultaneous administration of ketorolac with calcium drugs, glucocorticosteroids, acetylsalicylic acid, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from other groups, corticotropin and ethanol can provoke ulceration in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, which threatens the development of gastrointestinal bleeding.
Against the background of the use of the drug, a decrease in the clearance of lithium and methotrexate and an increase in the toxicity of both of these substances may occur.

Simultaneous use with anticoagulants indirect action, thrombolytics, heparin, cefoperazone, antiplatelet agents, pentoxifylline and cefotetan increases possible risk bleeding development.
Ketorol reduces the effect of antihypertensive and diuretics because it causes a decrease in the formation of prostaglandins in the kidneys.
Probenecid reduces the volume of distribution and plasma clearance of Ketorol, increases its content in blood serum and increases the half-life of Ketorolac tromethamine.
The combined use of methotrexate and ketorolac is likely only with the appointment of low doses of methotrexate (in this case, the plasma concentration of methotrexate must be carefully monitored).

The absorption of Ketorolac tromethamine is not affected by the use of antacids.
Ketorol increases plasma levels of nifedipine and verapamil.
With the simultaneous use of Ketorol, the hypoglycemic effect of oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin increases, which requires a change in the dosage of the latter. When prescribing a drug with other drugs that have a nephrotoxic effect (including gold-containing drugs), the risk of nephrotoxicity increases.
Drugs that inhibit tubular secretion reduce the clearance of ketorolac tromethamine and increase its serum concentration.
When the drug is combined with opioid analgesics, a significant reduction in the dosage of the latter is likely.
The joint appointment of sodium valproate and Ketorol leads to a violation of platelet aggregation.
Pharmaceutically, ketorolac tromethamine is incompatible with lithium drugs and tramadol solution.

It is not necessary to mix the solution for intramuscular injection of Ketorol in one syringe with promethazine, morphine sulfate and hydroxyzine, since they enter into chemical interaction with precipitation.
Ketorol solution for intramuscular injection is compatible with 5% dextrose solution, isotonic sodium chloride solution, plasmalite, Ringer's lactate solution and Ringer's solution, as well as with infusion solutions which include lidocaine hydrochloride, dopamine hydrochloride, aminophylline, heparin sodium salt and short-acting human insulin.

Ketorol - overdose:

Possible signs of an overdose of Ketorol: nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, peptic ulcers or erosive lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, metabolic acidosis, impaired renal function.
Treatment: gastric lavage followed by the appointment of adsorbing drugs, symptomatic treatment. It is not excreted to a large extent by dialysis methods.

Ketorol - release form:

Ketorol tablets: round, green film-coated, with the symbol "S" on 1 side, biconvex, contain 10 mg of ketorolac tromethamine. The fracture is white or almost white. Pack of 20 pieces (10 pieces in each blister).

Ketorol is a solution for intramuscular administration in dark glass ampoules containing 1 ml of Ketorol (30 mg of ketorolac tromethamine). There are 10 ampoules in a blister.

Ketorol - storage conditions:

Store according to list B. The storage place should be dry and protected from light. Temperature - not higher than 25 ° С. Shelf life - 3 years. Keep out of reach of children. Prescription dispensing from pharmacies.

Ketorol - synonyms:

Ketalgin, Dolac, Adolor, Ketorol, Ketanov, Ketorolac, Nato, Ketrodol, Torolac, Ketalgin, Toradol.

Ketorol - composition:

Ketorol tablets

Inactive substances: lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, colloidal silicon dioxide, corn starch, hypromellose, sodium starch glycolate, titanium dioxide, propylene glycol, dye - olive green.

Ketorol solution for intramuscular injection
Active substance: tromethamine ketorolac.
Inactive substances: ethanol, sodium chloride, octoxynol, disodium edetate, sodium hydroxide, propylene glycol, water for injection.

Ketorol - additionally:

It is not suggested to prescribe Ketorol as a component for sedation, anesthesia in obstetric practice and maintenance anesthesia due to the significant risk of bleeding. Not indicated in the treatment of chronic pain syndrome.
Influence active substance Ketorol on platelet aggregation is observed within 1-2 days.
For patients with coagulation disorders, ketorolac is prescribed if constant monitoring of platelet count is carried out - this is especially important when reliable hemostasis is required ( postoperative period).
Use with caution in cholecystitis bronchial asthma, arterial hypertension, chronic heart failure, impaired renal function (with serum creatinine less than 50 mg / l), active hepatitis, cholestasis, systemic lupus erythematosus, sepsis, polyposis growths in the nasopharynx and nasal mucosa, elderly patients over 65 years of age.

The risk of developing side effects from the urinary system increases with hypovolemia.
Ketorol, if necessary, can be used in combination with opioid analgesics.
Ketorol should not be taken concomitantly with paracetamol for more than 5 days.
When using Ketorol, a significant number of patients develop side effects from the central nervous system (in particular, drowsiness, headache, dizziness), so it is better to avoid performing activities that require fast response and heightened attention(working with mechanisms, driving vehicles).

Important!
Before using the medicine Ketorol you should consult your doctor. This instruction is for informational purposes only.

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Severe pain can strike a person unexpectedly or be a symptom of a serious illness that should be treated urgently. In most cases, doctors recommend relieving pain by using special preparations. One such remedy is Ketorol injections.

The drug Ketorol belongs to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with a pronounced analgesic (analgesic) effect.

Additionally, the remedy is prescribed to people who have suffered surgical intervention including tooth extraction.

The introduction of injections of the drug Ketorol occurs intramuscularly.

The composition of the ampoules

Injections for intramuscular injection is a homogeneous liquid composition, which visually can be transparent, yellowish or translucent, colorless. There are no foreign particles or sediment in it.

The drug is produced in ampoules made of dark glass. The packaging is cardboard, each contains 10 ampoules of 1 mg each. The syringe is made of plastic, compact, designed for a volume of 0.5 -1 mg (per 1 ampoule of the product). Composition of Ketorol:

• ketorolac - active substance;
• sodium compounds;
• purified water (without impurities, intended specifically for injection);
• alcohol (ethanol);
• propylene glycol;
• octoxynol;
• disodium edetate.

Pharmacological profile

The main active substance in the drug Ketorol is the substance ketorolac - 1 ml of the solution contains 30 mg of this substance. Its action consists in the rapid inhibition of the substance that is responsible for pain - prostaglandin. As a result, the biosynthetic processes leading to its formation in the human body fade, and then completely stop.

Together with the pain syndrome disappear and inflammatory processes, which often accompany injuries of the joints and ligaments.

The analgesic effect of Ketorol in the form of an injection occurs:

• with a weak expressiveness pain 20-40 minutes after drug administration;
• with an average degree severity - after 30-60 minutes;
• severe pain disappear in 1-2 hours.

The therapeutic effect persists for a long period of time - within 3-7 hours.

Ketorol in the form of a solution for injection by intramuscular injection is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. To increase the effectiveness of the drug, it is recommended to stop eating fatty and heavy foods an hour before the injection, so you can achieve a quick improvement in the condition.

Binding constituent elements with plasma proteins reaches 99%. Bioavailability of the drug - 80 - 93%, depending on individual features the patient's body. Absorption is fast and complete. 55% of the drug that enters the body is processed by the liver.

As a result of these processes, metabolites are formed, which by their nature are pharmacologically inactive. The main substance obtained as a result of the ongoing processes are glucuronides. They are excreted by the kidneys by 91%, as well as through the intestines.

The drug penetrates into breast milk Therefore, during the period of breastfeeding, precautions should be taken - after taking the drug, it is recommended to refrain from the lactation process for 2-4 hours.

The effect of an agent administered intramuscularly is based on a gradual decrease in the activity of COX.

It is not addictive, does not affect opioid receptors, does not interfere with breathing, but allows you to achieve a decrease or significant weakening of pain and stiffness associated with them.

Ketorol injections also:

• significantly reduce the likelihood of edema formation at the site of injury or reduce already formed ones;
• reduce pain that occurs in the joints and muscles;
• allow you to increase the intensity of movements.

Scope of application

What helps to cure and in what cases Ketorol injections are indicated:

The use of the drug in the dosages indicated by the doctor does not affect the progression of the disease.

Contraindications for use

Most medications have usage restrictions that should be carefully reviewed before starting treatment. This is especially true for those people who have not been diagnosed. Contraindications to the use of Ketorol:

In order to protect yourself and not get health complications during treatment and use of the drug, you must first pass full examination from a specialist, since in some cases it is extremely important to obtain test data.

Instructions for use

In the form of a solution for injection, Ketorol is injected deep into the muscle. It is impossible to violate the dosage prescribed by the doctor. The dose for a single injection (unless otherwise prescribed) is 1-3 ampoules - it depends on the severity of the pain. Calculated for ages up to 65 years. If there are problems in the work of the kidneys in mild form, then the dose should be 10-15 mg / injection.

If there is more than one injection in the course of therapy, then the doses begin with 10-30 mg, then they can be reduced. Injections should be given on average 1 time in 5 hours. Maximum daily dose should not exceed the values ​​​​of 90 and 60 mg, depending on the initial dose.

The duration of the course is 1-5 days, no more. If the therapy involves changing the form of the drug to, then it is important to ensure that the total amount active substance(daily dose) did not exceed 60-90 mg.

The combined way of taking Ketorol is also based on the total number of mg in a daily dose. If you are underweight or weigh less than 50 kg maximum dose the drug per day is 60 mg.

The solution is injected gently, deep into the muscle. It is forbidden to use the drug in this form of release in any other way.

Injections should not be given if other drugs from the NSAID category are present in therapy. Heart drugs can cause abnormalities in the blood plasma.

Before self-use, consultation with a doctor is necessary and complete diagnostics which will help to identify the cause of the pain.

Overdose and side effects

V rare cases when taking Ketorol, an overdose occurs. If this happens, then the patient feels:

• increased pain;
• nausea;
• vomiting;
• pain in the kidney area (there is a violation of their functions)
• metabolic acidosis may develop.

In these cases, you should immediately stop using the drug, even in minimal amounts. Treatment is symptomatic therapy prescribed by a doctor.

If the drug has not been ingested through the introduction into the muscle, it is necessary to immediately induce vomiting. The occurrence of an overdose injection solution possible with various concentrations due to the individual characteristics of the human body.

Sometimes the body may experience negative reactions to the use of the drug. Ketorol is no exception, side effects are manifested in the form of:

More often modern man resorts to potent (analgesics). And really, is it worth enduring pain when you can quickly and without harm remove it? Is it without harm? To answer these questions, let's take ketorol as an example, indications for its use: when it is worth taking it, and when it is better to abstain.

Most often, children of the 21st century are worried about toothache and headache, muscle, severe pain after major operations also make themselves known severe illness, (oncology) . In all these cases, it is required strong remedy. Among modern drugs only a few meet this requirement: nise, ketorol, nurofen. These drugs are sold without a prescription. A prescription is required for (such as morphine, codeine). Although there are drugs in the painkillers mentioned above: codeine in Nurofen. The safest are drug-free analgin, citramon, ibuprofen and paracetamol. They are not addictive, but in severe cases they are not effective.

The most effective doctors, and the users of painkillers themselves, call it ketorol and its derivatives (ketorolac, dolak, ketanov, toradol). Ketorol is an analgesic that has a very strong effect, acts on the body by analogy with morphine, and is at the same time more dangerous than others.

Without a doctor, it is generally not recommended to take it. And since the doctors are cautious, and the pains are “washing away” to try something stronger, let's see if it is worth taking ketorol. Indications for use are as follows: postoperative period, accompanied by severe pain; when running oncological diseases; diseases of the musculoskeletal and connective tissue, i.e. muscle pain (myalgia), nerve pain (neuralgia), joint pain (arthralgia). Can be used to relieve pain from dislocations, sprains, and other serious injuries, as well as with radiculitis, rheumatism. Ketorol is effective for toothache. Although in some cases it is better to take a nise (to remove a slight toothache it will suffice). With pain in the abdomen, you should not take Ketorol, the indications for use in the instructions for the drug do not include these cases. It is also not wise to relieve a headache with such a strong remedy.

In addition to the analgesic effect, ketorol has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects. However, the drug is not used to treat such diseases, but only for the sole purpose of relieving pain when inflammatory diseases and others accompanied by fever.

The drug does not cause dependence on it. However, sometimes there is a decrease in attentiveness, the ability to quickly respond, drowsiness, decreased visual clarity (this adverse reactions). It's definitely not worth getting behind the wheel.

It is produced in tablets and in ampoules for intramuscular injections, of course, they will act stronger.

Of course, you should not endure pain, but also resort to potent drugs when you can cope more safe means it is forbidden! Scientists are not in vain sounding the alarm: recent studies have shown that the constant use (more than 1 time in two weeks) of analgesics leads to the opposite result (provokes pain).

You should always carefully read the contraindications. In many cases, ketorol is contraindicated in patients as an anesthetic. Indications for its use are a much shorter list than contraindications. Among them are asthma, ulcers, blood clotting disorders, bleeding, severe liver, kidney, and heart failure. Pregnant and breastfeeding, children under 16, it should not be taken at all! It is also contraindicated for the elderly.

Not to mention the side effects, most of which are just as difficult to bear as severe pain (spasms, burning, vomiting, diarrhea, or, conversely, constipation, swelling, headache).

Always remember: pain is a signal from the body that it needs treatment. Therefore, having removed the pain, you should not forget about it, you need to find out the causes and undergo treatment if necessary.

Ketorol refers to drugs with anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects from the group of NSAIDs.

Active substance

Both tablets and Ketorol solution contain ketorolac trimetamol as an active ingredient.

Ketorol: indications for use

According to the instructions, the use of Ketorol is justified when pain syndrome various etiologies: muscle and joint pain, post-traumatic pain syndrome, pain during dislocations and fractures, attacks of sciatica, headaches and migraine pains. Ketorol tablets are effective for toothache.

Ketorol is best used for acute pain rather than chronic pain syndrome. This applies to both tablets and injections.

Ketorol: composition and form of release

Ketorol is available in the form of tablets for oral administration and ampoules with ready solution for intravenous and intramuscular injections. The tablets are coated with a special shell, one tablet contains 10 mg of the active substance. Ampoules for injections contain 1 ml of a solution with 30 mg of ketorolac.

Ketorol: method of application and dosage

The dosage of the drug depends on the age of the patient and on the route of administration.

• Instructions for use of Ketorol tablets: 10 mg tablets are taken once, maximum - 4 tablets per day. The course of treatment should not exceed 5 days.

• Instructions for use in injections: the solution is drawn into a syringe, after which the drug is injected deep into the gluteal muscle. It is not recommended to do more than one injection (30 mg) at a time. The interval between injections is at least 4-6 hours. In this case, the daily dose should not exceed 90 mg. For patients over 65 years of age single dose should be reduced by 2 times - 15 mg in one injection. Accordingly, the daily dose of Ketorol should also be recalculated - no more than 60 mg. The course of treatment with injections, as well as tablets, should not last longer than 5 days.

The frequency of administration of injections and tablets depends on the severity of the pain syndrome.

Pharmacological action and pharmacodynamics

Ketorolac trimetamol has the following effects:

• anti-inflammatory;
• antipyretic;
• analgesic.

Ketorol implements all these properties by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which is the main enzyme of inflammation. Inhibited cyclooxygenase synthesizes less prostaglandins, which are mediators of pain and inflammation.

Ketorol tablets are absorbed in the stomach and duodenum, their action develops in 30-40 minutes. At intramuscular injection the effect is felt in half an hour. The peak of anti-inflammatory action is noted in an hour and a half.

Ketorolac is destroyed in the liver, and its decay products are excreted by the kidneys and intestines.

Contraindications

Ketorol is contraindicated in the following cases:

• peptic ulcer of the stomach and intestines;
• with hypovolemia (insufficient volume of circulating blood) and dehydration;
• with aspirin asthma;
• bronchospasm of any origin (convulsive narrowing of the bronchi, manifested by difficulty in breathing);
• erosive and ulcerative gastritis;
• disorders of the blood coagulation system increased bleeding and reduced coagulability;
• with hemorrhagic stroke and intracerebral bleeding;
• with hypersensitivity to the components of the drug and individual intolerance.

With caution, Ketorol is prescribed to patients with signs of hepatic and kidney failure.

Like all NSAIDs, Ketorol is contraindicated in patients under 16 years of age.

Side effects

Keotorol in any form, including toothache tablets, can cause the following side effects:

• digestive disorders - nausea, heartburn, diarrhea, vomiting or constipation;
• impaired renal function, manifested as pulling pain in the lumbar region, frequent urination, change in the amount of urine;
• increased blood pressure;
• fainting;
• temporary decrease in vision;
• hearing disorders;
• changes in blood tests: leukopenia (decrease total leukocytes), eosinophilia (increased levels of eosinophils in the blood), a decrease in the number of red blood cells;
• bleeding from the nose and rectum;
• bleeding from injection sites (when using Ketorol injections);
• skin rashes, accompanied by itching, peeling of the skin;
• angioedema;
• swelling of the legs and feet;
• bronchospasm.

Temporary pain and burning in the area of ​​​​the injection of Ketorol are normal and pass on their own after a few minutes.

Interaction with other drugs

Joint use with nephrotoxic drugs (gold preparations) increases the risk of developing renal failure.

Pregnancy and lactation

During pregnancy and lactation, Ketorol should not be used.

Storage conditions and shelf life

According to the instructions, Ketorol should be stored in a dark place, at a temperature environment no higher than 25 degrees. Maximum term shelf life of both tablets and ampoules with a solution - no more than 3 years.

"Ketorol" is often prescribed for adults with severe pain, but in childhood its use is limited. Not everyone knows at what age such a medication can be given to a child, in what form it is used and how it affects the human body.

Release form and composition

"Ketorol" is represented by several dosage forms, but main ingredient they have one - ketorolac. The drug is produced:

• In tablets. They have a biconvex round form and green shell. They include ketorolac in the form of tromethamine at a dose of 10 mg per 1 tablet, MCC, hypromellose, lactose, dyes, corn starch and other substances. Tablets are sold in packs of 20 per prescription and stored at room temperature for up to 3 years from the date of manufacture. This form of "Ketorol" is not prescribed to children under 16 years of age.
• In the form of a 2% gel. One gram of such a translucent or transparent homogeneous mass contains 20 mg of the active compound supplemented with glycerol, propylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide and other substances. This "Ketorol" is produced in tubes of 30 g and is sometimes called an ointment. It is used only for topical processing, is bought without a prescription, and the shelf life of the gel is 2 years. For children, this form of medication is prescribed from the age of 12.
• In solution for injection. It is presented as a yellowish or colorless liquid in 1 ml ampoules, packed in packs of 5-10 pieces. Each ampoule contains 30 mg of ketorolac, to which ethanol, sodium chloride, disodium edetate and some other auxiliary compounds are added. The shelf life of such drugs is 3 years, and a prescription is required to purchase funds at a pharmacy. In childhood, it is usually not prescribed. For adults, injections are made both intramuscularly and into a vein.

How does it work and when is it applied?

Ketorolac has an analgesic effect that is superior in strength to that of most other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The reason for the analgesic effect when taking Ketorol is the ability of its active substance to block the formation of compounds that cause pain and activate inflammation (prostaglandins). That is why "Ketorol" is most often used for pain, although it, like other drugs from the NSAID group, has both an anti-inflammatory and some antipyretic effect.

The drug is in demand after operations, since most patients after surgical treatment worried about severe pain. In addition, he is appointed:

• with dislocation, sprain, fracture and other trauma;
• with neuralgia;
• with toothache;
• with muscle pain;
• with arthralgia;
• in oncological pathology.

Contraindications

"Ketorol" is not assigned:

• with intolerance to any of its components;
• with inflammatory or ulcerative lesions digestive tract;
• with severe pain in the abdomen (this may interfere correct diagnosis and timely treatment);
• with a headache (the drug is considered too strong for this type of pain);
• with problems with blood clotting;
• in case of skin damage (it is forbidden to use the gel);
• at serious illnesses liver;
• with serious allergic diseases;
• with renal failure;
• with the simultaneous use of anticoagulants, aspirin, thrombolytics, cephalosporins and many other drugs;
• with hyperkalemia and in some other cases.

Side effects

One of the reasons why Ketorol is not used in childhood is its frequent side effects, including abdominal pain, constipation, nausea, stomatitis, kidney damage, bronchospasm, nosebleeds, drowsiness and others. negative symptoms. Due to the high risk of their occurrence, agents containing ketorolac are prescribed with caution, even for adults.

During gel treatment, negative local reactions in the form of skin peeling, rash or severe itching. If they occur, the application of the drug should be abandoned and a doctor should be consulted to replace the treatment.

Instructions for use

"Ketorol" in tablets is taken as needed when the patient is worried about severe pain. A single dosage of the drug at the age of 16 years and older is one tablet. If a single dose of the remedy does not relieve the pain, then the pill can be taken again. In this case, the drug should not be drunk more than 4 times a day and longer than 5 days in a row.

Gel "Ketorol" for children over 12 years old is applied for injuries, pain in the joints, muscles or neuralgia thin layer up to 4 times a day. The drug is treated with cleansed skin (washed and dried, without damage) - only in the place of maximum soreness. For one treatment, a strip of gel 1 to 2 cm long is used. The duration of treatment with this form should not exceed 10 days.

Analogues

Other ketorolac preparations can serve as a substitute - for example, Ketanov, Dolac, Ketocam or Ketalgin.

However, all these drugs have contraindications childhood, therefore, with pain in a child, painkillers with other active compounds are often prescribed, for example:

• "Nurofen". Such a preparation containing ibuprofen is allowed from the age of three months. For the smallest children, it is prescribed in suspension or rectal suppositories, and for patients older than 6 years - in tablets.
• "Paracetamol". This drug is considered the safest for children and is prescribed for infants older than 1 month. It is released in different forms(candles, syrup, tablets, suspension) and are more often used for high temperature, but often recommended for children with toothache or other pain.
• "Nimesil". This medication in the form of granules, packed in portioned sachets, is used from the age of 12. It effectively eliminates pain and helps reduce inflammation.
• "Analgin". They try to prescribe such a remedy to children less often, but in emergency cases, with pain or fever, it can be used both in injections (from 3 months), and in candles (from 1 year) or tablets (from 6 years).