Instructions for use:
Eufillin is a bronchodilator.
Pharmacological properties
Euphyllin belongs to the group of xanthines. It contains the main active substance- theophylline. The drug has a dilating effect on the bronchi, relaxing their smooth muscles and eliminating spasms. In addition, it improves the functioning of epithelial cilia respiratory tract, improves contractions of the diaphragmatic, intercostal and other respiratory muscles. Eufillin stimulates respiratory center V medulla oblongata, improves pulmonary ventilation, oxygen saturation of the blood and reduces the carbon dioxide content in it, that is, normalizes respiratory function.
The mechanism of action of Euphyllin is to inhibit the enzyme phosphodiesterase, due to which cAMP accumulates in tissues, reducing the flow of calcium ions into cells, which are responsible for muscle contraction, and this relaxes the muscles of the bronchi.
Eufillin, according to the instructions, stimulates cardiac activity, increasing the frequency and force of myocardial contraction. It can reduce tone blood vessels, mainly skin, kidneys and brain. Having a relaxing effect on venous walls in the pulmonary circulation, the drug reduces pressure in it.
The use of Eufillin improves blood supply to the kidneys, thereby increasing the formation and excretion of urine.
The drug slows down platelet aggregation and makes red blood cells more resistant to damage, that is, it improves rheological properties blood.
Eufillin is known to have a tocolytic effect on the uterus; it also increases acidity gastric juice.
The product is well absorbed from digestive tract, its bioavailability reaches 100%. When taken simultaneously with food, absorption slows down somewhat. He penetrates breast milk and through the placenta. The metabolism of Euphyllin occurs in the liver, and it is excreted from the body in the urine.
Release form
Eufillin according to the instructions is produced in tablets of 150 mg, in ampoules in the form of 2.4% and 24% solution.
Indications
The drug is used to relieve seizures bronchial asthma, for heart failure, angina pectoris, pulmonary edema and other conditions associated with congestion. According to reviews, Eufillin effectively reduces blood pressure during hypertensive crises. It is used in complex therapy stroke and others ischemic conditions brain, in apnea treatment newborns.
Contraindications
The use of Eufillin is contraindicated in case of intolerance to it, in acute period myocardial infarction, with collapse, paroxysmal tachycardia, extrasystole, epilepsy, hyperthyroidism, peptic ulcer, disorders of the liver and kidneys, with adenoma prostate gland, diarrhea. The use of the drug in tablets is not recommended for children under 6 years of age.
Instructions for use of Eufillin
In the form of a solution, the drug is administered intravenously and intramuscularly, parenteral use justified in the treatment of emergency and urgent conditions. In this case, the dosage is calculated individually, depending on the severity of the condition and the patient’s weight.
For adults in emergency situations, the dose of Eufillin according to the instructions is selected at the rate of 6 mg/kg, it is diluted in 20 ml of physiological sodium chloride solution, and administered intravenously slowly over at least 5 minutes.
Asthmatic status requires infusion administration of the drug in the amount of 720 - 750 mg. Parenteral administration of Eufillin is not recommended for longer than 14 days.
To alleviate the condition of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases in the acute phase, start with a dose of 5–6 mg/kg of the drug. If necessary, it should be increased very carefully, under control of its content in the blood.
Eufillin tablets are taken 0.15 g 1 to 3 times a day, after meals. The course of treatment can last from several days to several months.
For apnea of newborns, when breathing stops last for 15 seconds with a simultaneous decrease in heartbeat, the initial dose of this drug for newborns is 5 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses. The drug is administered through a nasogastric tube. When the condition stabilizes, switch to a maintenance dose of 2 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses. The duration of use can range from several weeks to several months.
Depending on the severity of the condition and indications for Eufillin in children daily dose varies from 6 to 15 mg/kg.
For elderly patients, caution should be exercised when treating with the drug. According to reviews, Eufillin enhances the side effects of glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and adrenergic stimulants. Not applicable this remedy simultaneously with other xanthine derivatives.
Side effects of Eufillin
According to reviews, Eufillin is capable of causing such unwanted effects, such as insomnia, dizziness, agitation, headaches, tremors, increased heart rate, arrhythmias, heart pain, decreased blood pressure, abdominal pain, nausea, heartburn, vomiting, diarrhea, allergic reactions, increased sweating, decreased blood glucose, changes in urine tests.
10 pcs in blister; There are 3 blisters in a cardboard pack.
Pharmacological action
Pharmacological action- antispasmodic, diuretic, bronchodilator.Directions for use and doses
Inside, 1 tablet 3-4 times a day.
Storage conditions for the drug Eufillin
In a place protected from light, at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C.Keep out of the reach of children.
Shelf life of the drug Eufillin
5 years.Do not use after the expiration date stated on the package.
Instructions for medical use
Eufillin
Instructions for medical use- RU No. LSR-000883/09
Date last change: 24.05.2016
Dosage form
Solution for intravenous administration.
Compound
Active substance:
Aminophylline (aminophylline) (calculated on dry matter) – 24.0 mg
Excipients:
Water for injection – up to 1 ml.
Description of the dosage form
Transparent, colorless or yellowish liquid.
Pharmacological group
Bronchodilator.
Pharmacodynamics
The drug inhibits phosphodiesterase, increases the accumulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in tissues, and blocks adenosine (purine) receptors; reduces the entry of Ca2+ through channels cell membranes, reduces contractile activity smooth muscles. Relaxes the bronchial muscles, relieves bronchospasm, increases mucociliary clearance, stimulates contraction of the diaphragm, improves the function of the respiratory and intercostal muscles, stimulates the respiratory center, increases its sensitivity to carbon dioxide and improves alveolar ventilation, which ultimately leads to a decrease in the severity and frequency of apnea episodes. By normalizing respiratory function, it helps saturate the blood with oxygen and reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide. Strengthens ventilation of the lungs in conditions of hypokalemia.
It has a stimulating effect on the activity of the heart, increases strength and heart rate, increases coronary blood flow and myocardial oxygen demand. Reduces the tone of blood vessels (mainly those of the brain, skin and kidneys). Has a peripheral venodilating effect, reduces pulmonary vascular resistance, lowers pressure in the pulmonary circulation. Increases renal blood flow, has a moderate diuretic effect. Expands extrahepatic biliary tract.
Stabilizes membranes mast cells, inhibits the release of mediators allergic reactions.
Inhibits platelet aggregation (suppresses platelet activating factor and prostaglandin E2, increases the resistance of red blood cells to deformation (improves the rheological properties of blood), reduces thrombus formation and normalizes microcirculation.
It has a tocolytic effect, increases the acidity of gastric juice. When used in large doses has an epileptogenic effect.
Pharmacokinetics
Bioavailability for liquid dosage forms– 90-100%. TCmax with intravenous administration of 0.3 g – 15 min, Cmax value – 7 µg/ml. The volume of distribution is in the range of 0.3-0.7 l/kg (30-70% of “ideal” body weight), with an average of 0.45 l/kg. Communication with plasma proteins in adults – 60%, in newborns – 36%, in patients with liver cirrhosis – 36%. Penetrates into breast milk (10% of the dose taken), through the placental barrier (the concentration in the fetal blood serum is slightly higher than in the maternal serum).
Aminophylline exhibits bronchodilating properties in concentrations of 10-20 mcg/ml. Concentrations above 20 mg/ml are toxic. The stimulating effect on the respiratory center is realized at a lower content of the drug in the blood - 5-10 mcg/ml.
Metabolized at physiological pH values with the release of free theophylline, which is further metabolized in the liver with the participation of several cytochrome P450 isoenzymes. As a result, 1,3-dimethyluric acid (45-55%) is formed, which has pharmacological activity, but is 1-5 times inferior to theophylline. Caffeine is an active metabolite and is formed in large quantities ah, with the exception of premature newborns and children under 6 months, in whom, due to an extremely long T1/2 of caffeine, its significant accumulation in the body occurs (up to 30% of that for aminophylline).
In children over 3 years of age and in adults, the phenomenon of caffeine accumulation is absent.
T1/2 in newborns and children under 6 months – more than 24 hours; in children over 6 months – 3.7 hours; in adults – 8.7 hours; for “smokers” (20-40 cigarettes per day) – 4-5 hours (after quitting smoking, pharmacokinetics normalize after 3-4 months); in adults with COPD, pulmonary heart disease and pulmonary heart failure - over 24 hours. Excreted by the kidneys. In newborns, about 50% of theophylline is excreted unchanged in the urine versus 10% in adults, which is associated with insufficient activity of liver enzymes.
Indications
Status asthmaticus (additional therapy), neonatal apnea, disorder cerebral circulation of the ischemic type (as part of combination therapy), left ventricular failure with bronchospasm and respiratory failure of the Cheyne-Stokes type, edematous syndrome of renal origin (as part of complex therapy).
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the drug, as well as to other xanthine derivatives: caffeine, pentoxifylline, theobromine. Expressed arterial hypotension or hypertension paroxysmal tachycardia, extrasystole, myocardial infarction with disturbances heart rate, epilepsy, increased convulsive readiness, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, thyrotoxicosis, pulmonary edema, heavy coronary insufficiency, liver or renal failure, hemorrhagic stroke, retinal hemorrhages, recent history of bleeding, lactation period.
With caution:
Pregnancy, neonatal period, old age(over 55 years), uncontrolled hypothyroidism (possibility of cumulation), widespread vascular atherosclerosis, sepsis, prolonged hyperthermia, prostate adenoma. The drug is not recommended for intravenous administration to children under 14 years of age (due to possible side effects).
Directions for use and doses
At emergency conditions adults are administered intravenously slowly (over 4-6 minutes) 5-10 ml of the drug (0.12-0.24 g), which is pre-diluted in 10-20 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution.
At status asthmaticus Intravenous drip administration is indicated - 720-750 mg.
Higher doses for adults intravenously – single 0.25 g, daily 0.5 g.
Higher doses for children intravenously - single 3 mg/kg, daily - up to 3 months - 0.03-0.06 g, from 4 to 12 months - 0.06-0.9 g, from 2 to 3 years 0 .09-0.12 g from 4 to 7 years – 0.12-0.24 g, from 8 to 18 years – 0.25-0.5 g.
Side effects
From the central nervous system: dizziness, headache, insomnia, agitation, anxiety, irritability, tremor.
From the heart side vascular system: palpitations, tachycardia (including in the fetus when taken by a pregnant woman in the third trimester), arrhythmias, decreased blood pressure, cardialgia, increased frequency of angina attacks.
Allergic reactions: skin rash, itchy skin, fever.
Others: chest pain, tachypnea, flushing, albuminuria, hematuria, hypoglycemia, increased diuresis, increased sweating.
Side effects decrease with decreasing dosage of the drug.
Local reactions: y density, hyperemia, pain at the injection site.
Overdose
Symptoms: loss of appetite, gastralgia, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting (including blood), gastrointestinal intestinal bleeding, tachypnea, facial skin flushing, tachycardia, ventricular arrhythmias, insomnia, motor agitation, anxiety, photophobia, tremor, convulsions. In case of severe poisoning, epileptoid seizures may develop (especially in children without any warning signs), hypoxia, metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, decreased blood pressure, necrosis skeletal muscles, confusion, renal failure with myoglobinuria.
Treatment: drug withdrawal, forced diuresis, hemosorption, plasma sorption, hemodialysis (low effectiveness), symptomatic therapy (including metoclopramide and ondansetron - for vomiting). If convulsions occur, maintain airway patency and administer oxygen therapy. To stop a seizure - intravenous diazepam 0.1-0.3 mg/kg (but not more than 10 mg). Barbiturates should not be used. At severe nausea and vomiting - hemodialysis is recommended.
Interaction
Pharmaceutically incompatible with acid solutions. Increases the likelihood of developing side effects GCS, MCS (hypernatremia), drugs for general anesthesia(the risk of ventricular arrhythmias increases), drugs that excite the central nervous system(increases neurotoxicity). Rifampicin, phenobarbital, phenytoin, isoniazid, carbamazepine, sulfinpyrazone, aminoglutethimide, oral estrogen-containing contraceptives and moracizine, being inducers of microsomal oxidation, increase the clearance of aminophylline, which may require an increase in its dose. With the simultaneous use of macrolide antibiotics, lincomicin, allopurinol, tsimetidine, isoprenaline, ennoxacin, small doses of ethanol, disulfiram, fluoroquinolones, recombinant alpha interferon, methotrexate, mecsiletin, propaphenone, thiabendazole, thyclopidine, verapamyl and under flu vaccination intensity of aminophylline increase, which may require a reduction in its dose. Strengthens the effect of beta-agonists and diuretics (including by increasing glomerular filtration), reduces the effectiveness of Li+ drugs and beta-blockers.
Compatible with antispasmodics, do not use in combination with other xanthine derivatives. Prescribe with caution simultaneously with anticoagulants.
Special instructions
Use caution when consuming large amounts of caffeine-containing foods or drinks during treatment. Before administration, the solution must be warmed to body temperature. Elderly patients are advised to reduce the dose of the drug due to its slow elimination from the body. Smoking patients are advised to increase the dose due to accelerated elimination drug from the body.
Release form
Solution for intravenous administration 24 mg/ml.
Ampoules of 5 ml and 10 ml. 10 ampoules per cardboard pack along with instructions for use. 5 ampoules per blister pack. 1 or 2 blister packs per cardboard pack along with instructions for use. An ampoule knife or scarifier is inserted into each pack. When packaging ampoules with a break point or ring, do not insert an ampoule knife or scarifier.
Storage conditions
In a dry place, protected from light, at a temperature not exceeding 30°C.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Best before date
3 years. Do not use after the expiration date stated on the package.
Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies
Dispensed by prescription.
R N002436/01 dated 2008-07-17
Eufillin - instructions for medical use - RU No. LP-003432 dated 2016-02-02
Eufillin - instructions for medical use - RU No. LSR-004120/09 dated 2013-08-15
Eufillin - instructions for medical use - RU No. LSR-005887/08 dated 2008-07-23
Eufillin - instructions for medical use - RU No. LS-000590 dated 2017-11-10
Eufillin - instructions for medical use - RU No. LSR-003895/07 dated 2007-11-19
Eufillin - instructions for medical use - RU No. LSR-002209/07 dated 2007-08-15
Eufillin - instructions for medical use - RU No. LS-000371 dated 2011-10-13
Eufillin - instructions for medical use - RU No. LS-001569 dated 2011-03-18
Eufillin - instructions for medical use - RU No. LS-002028 dated 2011-10-14
Eufillin - instructions for medical use - RU No. LS-000371 dated 2005-06-10
Eufillin - instructions for medical use - RU No. LSR-000883/09 dated 2016-05-24
Eufillin - instructions for medical use - RU No. LS-001731 dated 2017-11-29
Synonyms of nosological groups
| ICD-10 rubric | Synonyms of diseases according to ICD-10 |
|---|---|
| G46 Vascular brain syndromes for cerebrovascular diseases | Postapoplectic state |
| Chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency | |
| G93.6 Cerebral edema | Intraoperative cerebral edema |
| Brain swelling | |
| Brain swelling due to poisoning | |
| Cerebral edema associated with radiation therapy | |
| Brain swelling associated with head trauma | |
| Post-traumatic cerebral edema | |
| Post-traumatic cerebral edema | |
| I27 Other forms of pulmonary heart failure | Secondary pulmonary hypertension |
| Hypertension of the pulmonary circulation | |
| Pulmonary hypertension | |
| Pulmonary heart failure | |
| Pulmonary heart | |
| Cardiopulmonary failure | |
| Chronic pulmonary heart failure | |
| Chronic cor pulmonale | |
| Eisenmenger syndrome | |
| I50.1 Left ventricular failure | Asthma cardiac |
| Asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction | |
| Asymptomatic left ventricular heart failure | |
| Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction | |
| Left ventricular dysfunction | |
| Changes in the left ventricle during myocardial infarction | |
| Changes in the lungs with left ventricular failure | |
| Left ventricular heart failure | |
| Left ventricular dysfunction | |
| Left ventricular failure | |
| Acute left ventricular failure | |
| Acute cardiac left ventricular failure | |
| Precordial pathological pulsation | |
| Cardiac asthma | |
| Left ventricular heart failure | |
| J42 Chronic bronchitis unspecified | Allergic bronchitis |
| Asthmoid bronchitis | |
| Allergic bronchitis | |
| Asthmatic bronchitis | |
| Chronic bronchitis | |
| Inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract | |
| Bronchial disease | |
| Qatar smoker | |
| Cough when inflammatory diseases lungs and bronchi | |
| Exacerbation of chronic bronchitis | |
| Recurrent bronchitis | |
| Chronic bronchitis | |
| Chronic bronchitis | |
| Chronic bronchitis of smokers | |
| Chronic spastic bronchitis | |
| J43 Emphysema | Interstitial emphysema |
| Obstructive pulmonary emphysema | |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema | |
| Chronic emphysema | |
| Chronic lung diseases | |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases | |
| Emphysema | |
| J45 Asthma | Exercise asthma |
| Asthmatic conditions | |
| Bronchial asthma | |
| Bronchial lung asthma currents | |
| Bronchial asthma with difficulty in sputum discharge | |
| Severe bronchial asthma | |
| Bronchial asthma of physical exertion | |
| Hypersecretory asthma | |
| Hormone-dependent form of bronchial asthma | |
| Cough with bronchial asthma | |
| Relief of asthma attacks in bronchial asthma | |
| Non-allergic bronchial asthma | |
| Nocturnal asthma | |
| Nocturnal asthma attacks | |
| Exacerbation of bronchial asthma | |
| Attack of bronchial asthma | |
| Endogenous forms of asthma | |
| J98.8.0* Bronchospasm | Bronchospasm in bronchial asthma |
| Bronchospasm when exposed to an allergen | |
| Bronchospastic reactions | |
| Bronchospastic conditions | |
| Bronchospastic syndrome | |
| Diseases accompanied by bronchospastic syndrome | |
| Reversible bronchospasm | |
| Spasmodic cough | |
| N28.9 Disease of the kidney and ureter, unspecified | Autoimmune kidney damage |
| Kidney diseases | |
| Megaloureter | |
| Impaired renal blood flow | |
| Ureteral dysfunction | |
| Renal dysfunction | |
| Renal dysfunction | |
| Nondiabetic nephropathy | |
| Insufficiency of renal excretory function | |
| Nephrogenic osteopathy | |
| Nephropathic syndrome | |
| Minimal change nephropathy | |
| Maintaining kidney function | |
| Chronic kidney disease | |
| R60 Edema, not elsewhere classified | Painful swelling after injury or surgery |
| Painful swelling after surgery | |
| Dropsy | |
| Dystrophic nutritional edema | |
| Lymphostasis and swelling after breast cancer therapy | |
| Swelling due to sprains and bruises | |
| Edema due to constitution | |
| Edema of renal origin | |
| Peripheral edema | |
| Edema-ascitic syndrome in liver cirrhosis | |
| Edema syndrome | |
| Edema syndrome intoxication | |
| Edema syndrome due to secondary hyperaldosteronism | |
| Edema syndrome of hepatic origin | |
| Edema syndrome in heart disease | |
| Edema syndrome in congestive heart failure | |
| Edema syndrome in heart failure | |
| Edema syndrome in heart failure or liver cirrhosis | |
| Pastosity | |
| Peripheral congestive edema | |
| Peripheral edema | |
| Hepatic edema syndrome | |
| Premenstrual edema | |
| Cardiac edema syndrome | |
| Iatrogenic edema |
Trade name of the drug
Eufillin
International nonproprietary name
Aminophylline
Dosage form
Pills
Composition for 1 tablet
The active substance is aminophylline (aminophylline) - 150 mg.
Excipients: potato starch, calcium stearate.
Description
Tablets are white or white with a yellowish tint, flat-cylindrical.
Pharmacotherapeutic group
Bronchodilator
ATS code
Pharmacodynamics.
Bronchodilator, xanthine derivative; inhibits phosphodiesterase. increases the accumulation of adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in tissues, blocks adenosine (purine) receptors: reduces the flow of calcium ions through cell membrane channels, reduces the contractile activity of smooth muscles.
Relaxes the muscles of the bronchi, stimulates the respiratory center, increases its sensitivity to carbon dioxide and improves alveolar ventilation, which ultimately leads to a decrease in the severity and frequency of apnea episodes. By normalizing respiratory function, it helps saturate the blood with oxygen and reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide.
It has a stimulating effect on the activity of the heart, increases the strength and number of heart contractions, increases coronary blood flow and increases the myocardial need for oxygen. Reduces the tone of blood vessels (mainly those of the brain, skin and kidneys). It has a peripheral venodilating effect, reduces pulmonary vascular resistance, and lowers pressure in the pulmonary circulation. Increases renal blood flow and has a moderate diuretic effect. Expands extrahepatic bile ducts.
Stabilizes mast cell membranes, inhibits the release of mediators of allergic reactions. Inhibits platelet aggregation (suppresses platelet activating factor and prostaglandin E2 (PgE2), increases the resistance of red blood cells to deformation (improves the rheological properties of blood), reduces thrombus formation and normalizes microcirculation.
It has a tocolytic effect, increases the acidity of gastric juice. When used in large doses, it has an epileptogenic effect.
Pharmacokinetics.
After oral administration, it is quickly and completely absorbed, bioavailability is 90-100%. Food reduces the rate of absorption without affecting its magnitude (large volumes of liquid and proteins speed up the process). The higher the dose taken, the lower the absorption rate. The time to reach maximum concentration is 1 -2 hours. The volume of distribution is in the range of 0.3-0.7 l/kg (30-70% of “ideal” body weight), with an average of 0.45 l/kg. The connection with plasma proteins in adults is 60%, in patients with liver cirrhosis - 36%. Penetrates into breast milk (10% of the dose taken), through the placental barrier (the concentration in the fetal blood serum is slightly higher than in the maternal serum).
Aminophylline exhibits bronchodilating properties in concentrations of 10-20 mcg/ml. Concentrations above 20 mg ml are toxic. The stimulating effect on the respiratory center is realized at a lower content of the drug in the blood - 5-10 mcg/ml.
Metabolized at physiological pH values with the release of free theophylline, which is further metabolized in the liver with the participation of several cytochrome P450 isoenzymes. As a result, caffeine and 1,3-dimethyluric acid (45-55%) are formed, which has pharmacological activity, but is 1-5 times inferior to theophylline. Caffeine is also an active metabolite, but is formed in small quantities.
In children over 3 years of age and in adults (as opposed to children over younger age) the phenomenon of caffeine accumulation is absent. Its half-life in children over 6 months is 3.7 hours, in adults 8.7 hours, in smokers (20-40 cigarettes per day) - 4-5 hours (after quitting smoking, pharmacokinetics normalize after 3-4 months); in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary heart disease and pulmonary heart failure - over 24 hours. Metabolites are excreted by the kidneys.
EUPHYLLINE INDICATIONS
Broncho-obstructive syndrome of any origin; bronchial asthma (drug of choice in patients with asthma physical stress and how additional remedy in other forms), chronic obstructive disease lungs (chronic obstructive bronchitis, pulmonary emphysema), hypertension in the pulmonary circulation, cor pulmonale, sleep apnea.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Hypersensitivity to the drug (including to other xanthine derivatives: caffeine, pentoxifylline, theobromine), epilepsy, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum (in the acute stage), gastritis with increased acidity, severe arterial hyper- and hypotension, tachyarrhythmias, hemorrhagic stroke, retinal hemorrhage, childhood(up to 3 years).
With caution: ischemic disease heart (acute phase of myocardial infarction, angina), widespread vascular atherosclerosis, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, frequent ventricular extrasystole, increased convulsive readiness, liver and/or renal failure, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum (history), gastrointestinal bleeding in a recent history, uncontrolled hypothyroidism (possibility of cumulation) or thyrotoxicosis, prolonged hyperthermia, gastroesophageal reflux. prostate adenoma, pregnancy, lactation, old age, childhood,
USE IN PREGNANCY AND LACTATION
Use during pregnancy and lactation is possible only for health reasons.
EUPHYLLINE METHOD OF APPLICATION AND DOSES
The dose should be adjusted according to individual characteristics each patient, taking into account the clinical response and stable concentration of aminophylline in the blood serum.
Orally, adults should be prescribed 150 mg 3-4 times a day after meals.
Children over 3 years of age should be prescribed orally at the rate of 7-10 mg/kg per day in 4 divided doses.
Higher doses of aminophylline for adults: single 500 mg daily - 1500 mg.
Higher doses for children over 3 years of age: single - 7 mg/kg, daily - 15 mg/kg.
The duration of the course of treatment is from several days to several months, depending on the course of the disease and tolerability of the drug.
To reduce toxic effects, it should be prescribed in minimal effective doses.
SIDE EFFECTS
From the nervous system: dizziness, headache, insomnia, agitation, anxiety, irritability, tremor.
From the outside cardiovascular system- palpitations. - tachycardia 1st including in the fetus when taking
pregnant woman in the third trimester", arrhythmias, cardialgia, decreased blood pressure, increased frequency of angina attacks.
From the outside digestive system: gastralgia. nausea, vomiting, gastroesophageal reflux, heartburn, exacerbation of gastric and duodenal ulcers, diarrhea, long-term use- loss of appetite.
Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching. fever.
Other: chest pain, tachypnea, feeling of “hot flashes” in the face, albuminuria, hematuria, hypoglycemia, increased diuresis, increased sweating.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms: loss of appetite, gastralgia. diarrhea, nausea, vomiting (including blood), gastrointestinal tachypnea bleeding. facial skin hyperemia; tachycardia. ventricular arrhythmias, insomnia, motor agitation, anxiety, photophobia.” tremor, convulsions. In case of severe poisoning, epileptiform seizures may develop (especially in children without warning signs), hypoxia, metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia. decreased blood pressure, skeletal muscle necrosis, confusion. renal failure with myoglobinuria.
Treatment: drug withdrawal, gastric lavage, prescription activated carbon, laxatives, forced diuresis, hemosorption, plasma sorption, hemodialysis (not very effective, peritoneal dialysis is not effective), symptomatic therapy (including metoclopramide and ondansetron for vomiting). If convulsions occur, maintain airway patency and administer oxygen therapy. To stop seizures, administer intravenous diazepam at a dose of 0.1-0.3 mg/kg (no more than 10 mg). For severe nausea and vomiting, metoclopramide and ondansetron (intravenously).
INTERACTION WITH OTHER MEDICINES
Increases the likelihood of developing side effects of glucocorticosteroids and mineralocorticosteroids (hypernatremia). agents for general anesthesia (there is a risk of ventricular arrhythmias), agents that excite the central nervous system (increases neurotoxicity). Antidiarrheal drugs and enterosorbents reduce the absorption of aminophylline.
Rifampicin, phenobarbital, phenytoin, isoniazid, carbamazepine. sulfinpyrazone, aminoglutethimide, estrogen-containing oral contraceptives and moracizine. being inducers of microsomal oxidation, they increase the clearance of aminophylline. which may require increasing its dose.
When used simultaneously with macrolide antibiotics, lincomycin. allopurinol. cimetidine, isoprenaline, enoxacin, small doses of ethanol, disulfiram, fluoroquinolones, recombinant interferon alpha, methotrexate, mexiletine, propafenone. thiabendazole. With ticlopidine, verapamil and with influenza vaccination, the intensity of action of aminophylline may increase, which may require a reduction in its dose.
Increases the effect of beta-adrenergic stimulants and diuretics (including by increasing glomerular filtration), reduces the effectiveness of lithium preparations and beta-blockers.
Compatible with antispasmodics, do not use in combination with other xanthine derivatives. Prescribe with caution simultaneously with anticoagulants.
Special instructions
Use caution when consuming large amounts of caffeine-containing foods and drinks during treatment
RELEASE FORM
Tablets 150 mg.
10, 15 or 20 tablets per blister pack.
1,2.3 or 5 packages with instructions in a cardboard box.
STORAGE CONDITIONS
Store at a temperature not exceeding 25 'C.
Keep out of the reach of children.
BEST BEFORE DATE
5 years. Do not use after expiration date.
Eufillin dropper in ampoules is used to treat pathologies that are accompanied by obstruction of the respiratory tract and other diseases with spasms of smooth muscles. It contains the active ingredient theophylline. Release form: solution with different concentrations of this ingredient, packaged in glass ampoules. The medicine is used for intramuscular administration. When diluting the drug in water, it can be used to give intravenous injections. The dosage and duration of treatment are prescribed by the attending physician.
What kind of drug is this?
Eufillin is an antispasmodic that helps relax the smooth muscles of the uterus, bronchi, and bile ducts. After use, the drug eliminates spasms and muscle contractions. For example, in case of bronchial diseases, it reduces bronchospasm, and in case of threat of miscarriage, it eliminates excessive contractions of the uterus.
The medicine Eufillin is produced by several manufacturers. Name trademark may differ, because pharmaceutical factories seek to register their own brand. These are Eufillin-Darnitsa and Eufillin-UBF. But the composition of the solution does not change. It is produced using the same formula that was patented many years ago.
Release form
The drug is available in the form of an injection solution and tablets. There are two types of solutions:
- for intramuscular administration (24% aminophylline concentration).
- for intravenous administration (concentration 2.4% aminophylline).
Additionally, the solution contains water and a preservative. The preservative is determined by the manufacturer's formula.
Effect on the body
When using aminophylline, the work of the muscles between the ribs and the ventilation of the alveolar space improves. The drug enhances local immune protection mucous membranes from aggressive pathogenic agents (viruses, bacteria). It expands the lumen of blood vessels, relieving tension in their walls, and reduces the pressure of blood flow in the lungs. The medicine improves the functioning of the heart muscle, enhances the production of adrenaline, and has a diuretic effect.
The dropper prevents the formation of blood clots and prolongs the life of red blood cells in the body. It relaxes the walls of the uterus during muscle contractions, which threaten premature birth and termination of pregnancy.
Indications for treatment
Eufillin is recommended if the patient has obstructive pulmonary disease in chronic form, for asthma, for bronchitis, for apnea. It is used to reduce high intracranial pressure, to eliminate asthma attacks, and in case of impaired blood circulation in the brain, which develops with strokes and brain swelling.
Eufillin injections intravenously are prescribed if the patient develops heart failure in acute or chronic form. Such injections lower pressure in the blood vessels of the lungs and relieve swelling in kidney diseases. The medicine helps with neuralgia (as does Milgamma and its substitutes). It is used in gynecology when there is a risk premature birth or if there is a threat of miscarriage. It has a relaxing effect on the smooth muscles of the uterus and relieves spasms.
Contraindications of the drug
Eufillin is synthetic in nature and has a number of contraindications for which it should not be used:
- It is not recommended to give aminophylline injections for heart attacks, arrhythmias, and tachycardia.
- They are not used for epilepsy attacks, gastrointestinal ulcers (acute phase), or gastritis.
- Treatment with an injection solution should not be carried out if the patient has severe liver or kidney diseases, or there is a risk of hemorrhage in the retina.
- It is forbidden to take it if you are intolerant to aminophylline.
Doctors recommend using it with caution to treat children under 14 years of age and elderly patients. The risk group also includes nursing mothers, pregnant women, and people suffering from atherosclerosis. Such treatment is carried out only under the supervision of the attending physician; in case of any side effects or deterioration of health, the medicine is discontinued.
Instructions for use
The dosage of the drug and the duration of treatment are determined based on the diagnosed disease, age, weight of the patient and other factors:
- If a person is in a state where he needs urgent Care, then the solution is administered intravenously over 30 minutes at a dosage of 5.6 mg per kilogram of weight.
- For droppers, the drug is brought to the required concentration aqueous solution NaCl and saline.
- For routine maintenance treatment, injections are given intravenously at a dosage of 0.9 mg per kilogram of body weight.
- When taking theophylline before treatment with this medication, the dosage should be reduced by half.
- The maximum daily dose varies from 0.4 to 0.5 ml per kg of patient weight.
- When treating young children, consultation with a doctor is required. Newborns and children under 3 months of age can be administered no more than 60 mg of the active substance per day. In children over 3 months of age, the dosage varies from 60 to 500 mg per day.
- For COPD treatment in children, the initial dose should not exceed 6 mg per kg of weight.
- The course of treatment depends on the patient’s performance, the diagnosis and the effectiveness of therapy. It can last for several months.
Side effects of Eufillin
After taking the medicine, patients may experience anxiety and insomnia. They feel dizzy, their limbs cramp, and muscle tremors begin. At the same time, the work of the heart muscle is disrupted, rapid heartbeat. After the injections, a migraine occurs, the patient is agitated and quickly becomes irritated.
If a woman is pregnant, rapid heartbeat and arrhythmia may occur when taking the medicine in the last months of pregnancy. In addition, angina develops and blood pressure rises. With a long course of treatment with aminophylline, appetite may decrease, nausea may occur, and there may be attacks of vomiting. Sometimes the drug provokes diarrhea or the development of stomach and duodenal ulcers.
- Side effects can manifest themselves in the form of a skin rash, a person has a fever, and itching appears.
- Pain in the sternum may develop, diuresis increases, and the person sweats profusely.
- Often, simply reducing the dose of the medication is enough to reduce the side effects that occur.
- After the skin is punctured, this area may hurt and swell. There are compactions and swelling there.
Overdose: symptoms and assistance to the patient
After administering too large a dose of medication, appetite worsens, diarrhea develops, vomiting blood occurs, and nausea occurs. After an overdose, tachycardia may begin and internal gastric bleeding may develop. Problems with sleep may arise, convulsions and tremors in the limbs begin, photophobia and tachycardia develop.
When the dose is increased, the patient may become agitated, have epileptic attacks, develop hypokalemia, and drop blood pressure. The person often experiences confusion and kidney failure.
To stop the symptoms and improve the condition, it is necessary to discontinue the drug. The patient's stomach is washed, laxatives and activated charcoal are given. And also held symptomatic treatment with metoclopramide and ondansetron if the patient is vomiting. For convulsions, oxygen therapy with airway support is recommended.
At epileptic seizures needs to be done for the patient intravenous injection diazepam. If a person vomits severely, intravenous injections of metoclopramide and ondansetron should be administered.
Application nuances
The medicine should be used with caution for heart attacks, angina pectoris, and atherosclerosis. Under the supervision of a doctor, treatment is carried out for renal and liver failure, with stomach or gastrointestinal ulcers. Treatment should be monitored for hypothyroidism, thyrotoxicosis, and prostatic hypertrophy.
The drug should be used with caution to treat the elderly and children. This is especially true when taking pills.
A dosage reduction may be necessary in case of impaired liver function, chronic alcohol addiction, if a person has a fever, with acute respiratory disease. Dose reduction is possible when treatment is prescribed to an elderly person. If an analogue of a medicine with the same active substance, then regular tests should be carried out to determine its concentration in the blood.
- During treatment, you should not drink strongly brewed tea and coffee, or take theophylline and purine derivatives.
- Do not combine the drug with beta-blockers.
- It is not recommended to give injections if you are driving a car or other machinery. The ingredients of the drug, being absorbed into the blood, distract attention, and the severity of reactions is lost.
Medicine during pregnancy
The instructions for use state that its use at this time may threaten the health of the child. Doctors often detect high concentrations of caffeine and aminophylline in the blood of a newborn.
If the mother undergoes a course of injections with this drug, but the children are observed by doctors after birth to exclude xanthine intoxication. When taking aminophylline, doctors conduct a risk assessment and possible consequences. The medicine is prescribed for extreme vital signs.
Why are pregnant women prescribed aminophylline?
Indications during pregnancy:
- Tissue swelling.
- Placental insufficiency.
- Preeclampsia.
- Threat of miscarriage or premature birth.
Pregnancy is listed in the annotation as a contraindication, so there is no clear treatment plan. The doctor prescribes the dosage and schedule based on the woman’s diagnosis and her state of health. Pregnant women may experience palpitations and weakness during the course of treatment.
Electrophoresis with the drug
This procedure is performed on people of any age to relax muscles, reduce intracranial pressure. It is used in complex therapy for joint diseases. Electrophoresis is used to improve blood supply in certain areas (neck, lower back). It acts point-wise without having a systemic effect. Therefore, the procedure is used even for infants and is well tolerated by all groups of patients.
To carry out electrophoresis, a piece of gauze is moistened in the medicine (at a concentration of 2.4%), electrodes are applied to the desired area. During the procedure, the patient feels warmth or tingling. The course of treatment is 10 sessions of 10-15 minutes each. The procedure is done every other day, then a break is needed.
Eufillin and alcoholic drinks
The medication should not be combined with alcohol, because it increases the toxic effect on the body, increasing the effects of the drug. Against this background, the pressure drops, suffocation begins, the heartbeat quickens, arrhythmia and tachycardia develop. Due to the relaxation of the muscles of the lungs, breathing sometimes completely stops; with weakened blood vessels in the brain, hemorrhages are possible. IN in rare cases Taking alcohol and aminophylline at the same time provokes death.
Storage conditions, release conditions
The medicine is available by prescription. Its cost depends on the form of release and varies from 11 to 94 rubles per package.
Eufillin, solution: instructions for use
Compound
1 ampoule (5 ml) contains - active ingredient: aminophylline - 120 mg; excipient: water for injections;Description
Transparent colorless or slightly yellowish liquid.Pharmacological action
The effect of aminophylline is primarily due to the theophylline content in it. Ethylenediamine enhances antispasmodic (relieving spasms) activity and promotes the dissolution of the drug. Important Features aminophylline are its solubility in water and the possibility of its intravenous administration. Eufillin relaxes the muscles of the bronchi, reduces the resistance of blood vessels, dilates the coronary (heart) vessels, lowers pressure in the system pulmonary artery, increases renal blood flow, has a diuretic (diuretic) effect, associated mainly with a decrease in tubular reabsorption (reabsorption of water in the renal tubules), causes an increase in the excretion of water and electrolytes in the urine, especially sodium and chloride ions. The drug strongly inhibits platelet aggregation (sticking together).
Blocks adenosine receptors, inhibits phosphodiesterase activity, increases the level of cyclic AMP, reduces - ionized calcium in smooth muscle cells.
Indications for use
Bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive bronchitis, pulmonary hypertension, respiratory disorders (Cheyne-Stokes syndrome), migraine, cerebrovascular accident.Contraindications
Hypersensitivity (including to other xanthine derivatives: caffeine, pentoxifylline, theobromine), epilepsy, gastric and duodenal ulcers (in the acute stage - for oral forms, especially non-extended-release tablets), gastritis with high acidity, severe arterial hyper- or hypotension, severe tachyarrhythmias, hemorrhagic stroke, retinal hemorrhage, children's age (up to 3 years, for prolonged oral forms - up to 12 years).Directions for use and doses
In emergency situations, adults are given intravenous (IV) injections. loading doses at the rate of 5.6 mg/kg body weight (10-20 ml of aminophylline is diluted in 10-20 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution, 250-500 ml of physiological solution are added, administered over 30 minutes) and maintenance (0.9 mg /kg for 1 - 3.5 hours) doses. If the patient was taking theophylline, the dose should be reduced by 50% or more.
The maximum daily dose in adults is 10-13 mg/kg (0.4-0.5 ml/kg), in children aged 6-17 years - 13 mg/kg body weight (0.5 ml/kg), from 3 years to 6 years – 20-22 mg/kg (0.8-0.9 ml/kg).
Side effect
From the nervous system: dizziness, headache, insomnia, agitation, anxiety, irritability, tremor.
From the cardiovascular system: palpitations, tachycardia (including in the fetus when taken by a pregnant woman in the third trimester), arrhythmias, decreased blood pressure (BP), cardialgia, increased frequency of angina attacks.
From the digestive system: gastralgia, nausea, vomiting, gastroesophageal reflux, heartburn, exacerbation of peptic ulcer, diarrhea, with long-term use - loss of appetite.
Allergic reactions: skin rash, skin itching, fever.
Other: chest pain, tachypnea, flushing, albuminuria, hematuria, hypoglycemia, increased diuresis, increased sweating.
Side effects decrease with decreasing dosage of the drug.
Local reactions: compaction, hyperemia, pain at the injection site.
Overdose
Symptoms: decreased appetite, gastralgia, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting (including blood), gastrointestinal bleeding, tachypnea, facial skin flushing, tachycardia, ventricular arrhythmias, insomnia, motor agitation, anxiety, photophobia, tremor, convulsions. In severe poisoning, epileptoid seizures may develop (especially in children without any warning signs), hypoxia, metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, decreased blood pressure, skeletal muscle necrosis, confusion, renal failure with myoglobinuria.
Treatment: drug withdrawal, gastric lavage, administration of activated charcoal, laxatives medicines, siphon enemas with the introduction of a combination of polyethylene glycol and polyelectrolyte solutions, forced diuresis, when the drug level in plasma is more than 50 mcg/ml - hemosorption, plasmapheresis are indicated; hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis are less effective. Symptomatic therapy: monitor hemodynamic parameters and provide respiratory support (oxygen supply and mechanical ventilation). At convulsive syndrome – intramuscular injection diazepam 0.1-0.3 mg/kg (but not more than 10 mg); the use of barbiturates is contraindicated! For severe nausea and vomiting, use metoclopramide or ondansetron (iv). As a specific antidote for aminophylline intoxication, intravenous jet administration of riboxin (inositol) diluted in saline solution(glucose or dextrose solutions should not be used for dilution).
Interaction with other drugs
Pharmaceutically incompatible with acid solutions.
Increases the likelihood of developing side effects of GCS, MCS (hypernatremia), drugs for general anesthesia (increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmias), drugs that excite the central nervous system (increases neurotoxicity).
Rifampicin, phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampicin, isoniazid, carbamazepine, sulfinpyrazone, aminoglutethimide, oral estrogen-containing contraceptives and moracizine, being inducers of microsomal oxidation, increase the clearance of aminophylline, which may require an increase in its dose.
When used simultaneously with macrolide antibiotics, lincomycin, allopurinol, cimetidine, isoprenaline, enoxacin, ethanol, disulfiram, fluoroquinolones, fluvoxamine, viloxazine, recombinant interferon alpha, methotrexate, mexiletine, propafenone, thiabendazole, ticlopidine, verapamil and when vaccinated against flu intensity of action aminophylline exposure may increase, which may require a dose reduction.
Enhances the effect of beta-adrenergic stimulants and diuretics (including by increasing glomerular filtration), reduces the effectiveness of drugs containing lithium and beta-blockers.
Due to the possibility of potentiating the action of anticoagulants, it is necessary to observe special caution when used together.
Features of application
Before administration, the drug solution must be warmed to body temperature. Aminophylline is pharmaceutically incompatible with solutions of glucose, fructose and levulose. When preparing for infusion, the pH of the solutions used should be taken into account. With caution, the drug is prescribed simultaneously with anticoagulants, with other theophylline or purine derivatives. During treatment, it is prohibited to take substances containing xanthine derivatives (tea, coffee).Precautions
Intravenous administration should be carried out under careful monitoring of blood circulation, respiration and general condition patient (heart rate, blood pressure, number of respirations).
Administration of theophylline derivatives is associated with high probability development toxic effect due to its low therapeutic breadth.
Determination of theophylline content is recommended at the beginning of treatment, before increasing the dose in the absence of expected treatment results, when using high doses, if any side effect occurs, with any change physiological state, as well as prescribing a drug that affects the elimination of theophylline or a new drug with an unknown effect on the elimination of theophylline.
Leads to development more side effects and is likely to be less effective in controlling asthma symptoms (including nocturnal asthma).
In the treatment of bronchial asthma, theophylline preparations should not be considered as drugs of choice; they should be used in patients with an inadequate response to anti-inflammatory and β-adrenergic drugs.
During an attack of bronchial asthma in adults, routine intravenous administration of aminophylline in addition to β 2 -agonist therapy is not indicated. This does not lead to an additional bronchodilator effect, but is accompanied by an increase in the frequency of side effects.
Cases of hypotension and cardiac arrest have been reported after rapid administration through a central venous catheter.
Release form
5 ml in ampoules in packaging No. 10, No. 5 x 2.Storage conditions
In a place protected from light, at a temperature not exceeding 25ºС. Keep out of the reach of children.Best before date
2 years. Do not use after expiration date.Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies
By doctor's prescription.Self-medication can be harmful to your health.
You should consult your doctor and read the instructions before use.
