When a woman crosses the threshold of 45 years, the nature of her menstruation should change: after 45 years, menstruation should gradually fade away, irregularity of the cycle at this age - normal phenomenon, which indicates a decrease in ovarian activity. If earlier menstruation lasted for 5 days, then at this age three-day menstruation is the norm. Lengthening the cycle is also considered normal. If earlier cycle there were 28 days a day, but now pauses of 35 or even 45 days should not be confusing. The amount of discharge can vary from heavy to scanty, and this is also considered normal (if the duration does not exceed 7 days).

If the breaks do not increase and the amount of blood released remains the same, then this is a reason to visit a gynecologist. If there is no menstruation at the age of 40-45, then this indicates the onset of early menopause, since on average women in our country begin at 51-52 years old.

Heavy periods after 45 years

Many women after 40-45 years old are faced with this phenomenon - before this age, periods were regular for 3-5 days and average in blood volume, and as soon as they crossed this age limit, they immediately began to “pour out of buckets.”

This phenomenon is a harbinger of the beginning, so it is advisable to visit a gynecologist as soon as this happens. In addition, this can be a symptom not only of menopause, but also of diseases such as:

• uterine cancer;
• (inflammation of the inner layer of the uterus).

The doctor should examine you for the above pathologies. If none of the diagnoses are confirmed, he will prescribe hormonal therapy to alleviate the symptoms of menopause.

Scanty periods after 45 years

For many women, by the age of 45, menstruation stops completely. For some it continues, but the discharge becomes very scanty and more like spotting (like at the end of a regular period). The cycle often becomes irregular and “jumps” from 21 to 45 days. This phenomenon directly indicates that ovarian function is rapidly fading and menopause will soon begin.

Typically, a scanty period is accompanied by symptoms such as:

• feeling unwell;
• tides;
• sleep disorders;
• decreased sexual desire;
• sweating;
• attacks of tachycardia;
• dryness and burning in the vagina;
• pain when urinating and frequent manifestations of cystitis;
• hair loss;
• dryness and decreased elasticity of the skin.

If all or at least several of the above are present, then these are manifestations of perimenopause.

If scanty, spotting discharge does not stop for more than 6-7 days, this is a reason to be wary. In addition, if symptoms such as fever, pain in the pubic area, pain in the ovarian area are added, immediately go to the doctor, because this may indicate that inflammatory processes have begun.

Long periods after 45 years

Prolongation of menstruation is a bad sign, the appearance of which may indicate the following pathologies:

• diseases of the genital organs (ovaries, uterus, vagina);
• inflammatory process;
• bleeding disorders;
• side effects of OCs or other medications

Frequent periods after 45 years

Some women experience a phenomenon called "bi-monthly periods" or bleeding between periods.

Menstruation more than once a month is called polymenorrhea. At this age, it occurs as a result of the gradual decline in the function of the ovaries that produce estrogen (which regulates the duration and frequency of cycles).

If “menstruation” is not on time and is not associated with the activity of the ovaries and is not polymenorrhea, then this may be one of the following phenomena:

• endometriosis;
• inflammatory diseases;
• fibroids, cysts, polyps;
• reaction to birth control pills;
• bleeding from the vessels of the uterus, which due to insufficient content estrogen levels become brittle, thin and burst easily;
• cervical or endometrial cancer;
• symptom of vaginal prolapse.

What does a delay in menstruation after 45 years mean?

1. unlikely, but pregnancy. Yes, a woman with good health reproductive system can become pregnant even at 45 years of age. If you decide to keep the child, careful medical supervision is necessary;
2. irregularities in work endocrine system(special attention should be paid to the thyroid gland);
3. side effects of antipsychotic or hormonal medications;
4. fibroids, polyps, endometritis, inflammation of the appendages and/or ovaries;
5. diabetes mellitus, urolithiasis, cirrhosis, bleeding disorder;
6. consequences of a recent severe infectious disease.

Treatment of menstrual irregularities after 45 years

Most often, the basis of treatment for disorders menstrual cycle over the age of 45 years is hormone replacement therapy. It helps to significantly improve a woman’s well-being and mitigate the symptoms of menopause - the condition of hair and skin improves, the cycle normalizes, the emotional background stabilizes, etc.

If a woman is found oncological diseases, then chemical hormonal agents are contraindicated for her. However, there are many homeopathic remedies that have the same effects. The only thing is that you need to start using them when the very first symptoms of cycle disorders occur.

Alisa Edelberg, obstetrician-gynecologist, especially for the site

Useful video

They happen more often than once or twice a year, and the chance of getting pregnant on the first try is reduced to 5%. Fading menstrual function manifested by an irregular menstrual cycle, frequent delays, scanty periods, etc. However, according to world data, the decline of menstrual function begins at the age of 45, and at 40 the female genital organs are still functioning well. However, a woman at 40 years old may suffer from a chronic disease, be very stressed at work, be nervous and worry, which will also lead to delays in menstruation, which are completely unrelated to the decline of menstrual function.

Due to wide range The reasons for delayed menstruation in women after 40 years of age, scientists and doctors identify the following main options inherent in this age category:

• Psychogenic delays in menstruation associated with stress. In women after 40 years stressful situations not only does it not decrease, but rather increases, as children grow up and their problems become more complex and severe. Naturally, mothers are worried and worried. Various chronic diseases, A general condition health deteriorates, which becomes a source of great stress for the woman. In addition, after 40 years of age, any experience and stress is much more difficult to bear than at 20 years of age, so even a slight negative mental impact can lead to delayed menstruation.


• Emotional delays in menstruation associated with strong impressions received by a woman. These impressions can be both negative and positive. If the impression is strong or, as people say, shocking, then it can provoke a delay in a woman after 40 years.


• Neurogenic delays in menstruation associated with severe mental or mental stress. Such tension can be caused by a responsible period at work or worry about a fateful moment in a child’s life, etc.


• Hard physical work. After the age of 40, women often stop sparing themselves, believing that they can no longer give birth, and therefore they can have a difficult one. physical work. However, this is not the case, since a woman’s body is still sensitive to negative impacts. Often, for example, women rearrange furniture in the apartment or carry heavy bags, which can cause delays in menstruation.


• Diseases of the female genital organs. After 40 years of age, a woman's risk increases various diseases, including gynecological ones, which can cause delays. Thus, delays in menstruation can be caused by uterine fibroids, cystoma or ovarian cyst, endometriosis, endometritis, chronic adnexitis or salpingitis. In addition, if a woman has undergone gynecological manipulation (for example, abortion, diagnostic curettage, removal of a polyp, etc.), then this can also cause delays in menstruation.


• Chronic diseases various organs and systems. After 40 years, women accumulate various diseases, which can cause delays in menstruation, since the pathology disrupts normal functioning body. And any dysfunction of the body affects the menstrual cycle. Thus, the cause of delays can be urolithiasis, cirrhosis of the liver, pathology of hematopoiesis and cardiovascular system, diabetes mellitus, burns, heart attack, surgical interventions, celiac disease, infections, gastritis, etc.


• Severe course colds, such as influenza, acute respiratory infections, ARVI, bronchitis, etc.


• Endocrine delays of menstruation. In this case, delays in menstruation in women after 40 years of age are caused by various endocrine diseases, for example, pathology of the thyroid gland, diabetes mellitus, etc.


• Delayed menstruation due to weight problems. After 40 years, most women experience obesity, and it is this that causes periodic or permanent delays in menstruation. However, delays in menstruation develop not only with obesity, but also with extreme thinness.


• Nutritional delays in menstruation associated with poor and unhealthy diet. Such delays are observed in women after 40 years of age because they neglect proper nutrition, preferring all kinds of sweets, delicacies, etc. Any imbalance of proteins, fats and carbohydrates can lead to a delay in menstruation in a woman after 40 years of age with a greater probability than in a girl of 20 years old, since a young body has a greater adaptability resource. In addition, a lack of vitamins and microelements in food leads to delayed menstruation after 40 years. It should be remembered that in a woman in adulthood, all errors in nutrition and deficiency of microelements immediately affect the ovaries, causing delays in menstruation, since the body is not able to find reserves and level out negative impact through hard work and self-stimulation.


• Delays in menstruation caused by any fairly drastic changes in a woman’s life. At the age of over 40, the body’s adaptive mechanisms and reserves do not work quickly, and any change is perceived as stress, since a woman at this age is quite conservative. Any deviation from the usual lifestyle (for example, a change in food, a trip to the sea, etc.) in a woman over 40 years old can provoke delays in menstruation.


• Medicinal delays in menstruation associated with taking medications. After 40 years, women often take various medicines necessary for the treatment of a particular disease. In principle, almost any medication can provoke delays in menstruation, but most often this occurs when taking Reserpine, Duphaston, Danazol, Metoclopramide, Methyldopa, opiates (Morphine, Omnopon), antipsychotics(Aminazine, Haloperidol, etc.) and drugs for the treatment of endometriosis (Zoladex, Buserelin, Diferelin).

Elena asks:

after two month delay menstruation came and lasted 10 days, in the next cycle menstruation came and lasted for 22 days, I drank femiston and duphaston for 2 weeks, after discontinuation, on the fourth day on May 15, very heavy menstruation came and lasted for 7 days, today there are no menstruation, please tell me what to do

Considering the existing menstrual cycle disorder, you need to undergo a detailed examination: take a blood test for sex hormones, do an ultrasound of the pelvic organs and personally visit a gynecologist-endocrinologist, who, after an examination and assessment, hormonal levels will prescribe you adequate treatment.

Get more detailed information If you are interested in a question, you can go to the thematic section of our website by clicking on the following link: Hormonal tests - types, principles of conduct, diagnosed diseases. Additional information You can also get it in the following section of our website: Hormonal disorders in men and women - causes, symptoms, treatment methods and in a series of articles:

Menstrual flow is well displayed current state woman's health. The reasons for scanty periods can be: natural character, and indicate the occurrence of a violation. Only a doctor can make an accurate diagnosis, but a woman can make a primary diagnosis with the help of the following article. Because not in all situations a small amount of blood suggests pathology.

Definition of hypomenorrhea

Hypomenorrhea is one of the menstrual cycle disorders that manifests itself in insufficient quantities discharge that does not correspond to the usual physiological norm of a woman.

Deviation can occur at any age: from the formation of a cycle to the decline of reproductive function. In most cases, the phenomenon is short-term (one month) and should not cause concern.

Possible additional symptoms for scanty periods:

• dizziness, migraine;
• nausea, vomiting;
• pain in the abdomen and lower back;
• diarrhea or constipation;
• decreased sex drive;
• nosebleeds;
• apathy;
• poor appetite;
• general weakness.

But often menstrual flow are painless and not accompanied by additional discomfort. Therefore, women do not pay attention to the small amount of blood on the pad.

Sometimes under stress. Read about the reasons for this violation in one of our articles.

How to understand if there is a problem

Each body is individual, so all women have their own monthly bleeding rates. And this volume should be in the range of 50-150 ml based on information from the Big medical encyclopedia.

But modern practice shows that individual variation must be taken into account, with some women having a discharge of 40 ml or 250 ml considered normal. This can only be confirmed through systematic observation by a doctor, when the patient has no complaints and tests confirm her health.

It is also quite difficult to measure menstruation. Therefore, women constantly ask their gynecologists which periods are considered scanty. The minimum threshold is 50 ml, and anything less only suggests, but does not confirm, hypomenorrhea.

You can make calculations using tampons:

• number of drops hygiene product;
• duration of menstruation;
• number of tampons per day.

It's better to look at everything with an example. The monthly discharge lasts 4 days, the girl uses mini tampons (6-9 ml). According to the advice of gynecologists, the product should not be in the vagina for more than 5 hours.

You need approximately 3 or 4 pieces per day. If the tampon does not get completely wet within the specified time, then multiply 6 ml by 16, and if it is completely filled, then take 9 ml. As a result of calculations, it is clear that in this case, over the entire period of bleeding, the patient loses approximately from 96 to 144 ml.

You can also use spacers for control. A daily journal is suitable for this. If within an hour it is practically not wet, then one should suspect a deviation.

Effect of age

When there are very few periods, this can be considered a physiological norm. But only in the following situations:

• puberty(from approximately 11 to 19 years old);
• premenopausal period, early menopause (30 years).

After menarche, girls often experience unstable discharge. The problem has several manifestations:

• minor bleeding in the background normal cycle;
• rare menstruation with an interval of more than 35 days;
• short periods (less than three days);
• painful beginning of the cycle;
• frequent delays(bleeds only a few times a year).

This is not a deviation at the beginning of the cycle. This can take from 12 months to three years. If the problem persists beyond this period, it requires investigation. The doctor will help you understand what caused the scarcity of discharge and will also prescribe appropriate treatment.

After 40 years, the causes of scanty periods are associated with the premenopausal period. The first symptoms may appear at 35–45 years of age, when the reproductive system gradually declines. Will help identify this period following signs:

• hot flashes of varying intensity;
• decreased sexual desire;
• excessive sweating;
• sudden changes mood;
• sleep problems;
• decreased performance;
• dryness of the genitals;
• pain in joints, stomach.

This is a difficult time for the female body, so it is necessary to devote special attention health. Hypomenorrhea may hide more serious illness.

When scanty menstruation is not dangerous

The reason for light periods may be due to the following factors:

Postpartum recovery

After childbirth, stabilization of the previous cycle depends on whether the woman is breastfeeding or not. During lactation, hormonal levels are restored more slowly, so normal menstruation may begin in a year or two. Usually the cycle returns to normal 2-4 months after discontinuation breastfeeding.

Heredity

Some features of the body are inherited from grandmother, mother, including meager spotting. They are noted throughout reproductive age and do not cause much discomfort.

The egg does not mature

Sometimes there are anovulatory cycles. Against this background, delays are often observed, after which scanty bleeding begins. This is completely harmless to health if it occurs only a couple of times a year.

Reception OK

Oral contraceptives may block ovulation or deplete the endometrial structure. Therefore, a small quantity is the norm, as long as your own hormonal balance will not fully recover.

External factors

When answering the question why there is scanty menstruation, doctors first evaluate the relatively harmless causes of the failure. Menstrual irregularities may be associated with the following external circumstances:

• stress, emotional overstrain;
• lack of vitamins;
• over-occupation sports;
• work in hazardous production;
• abrupt change climate;
• bad habits;
• consequence of surgery.

Treat similar phenomena no need, just change your lifestyle, get more rest, improve your diet. IN in rare cases required sedatives if the patient cannot cope with the psycho-emotional load. Over time, menstrual flow becomes stable and corresponds to normal volume.

When scanty periods indicate pathology

It is important to explain the unusual nature of bleeding immediately after the first symptoms. Even a slight change in the cycle in the form of long, scanty periods may indicate the development of the following pathologies:

• excessive thinness or obesity;
• abnormalities of the genital organs;
• inflammatory processes;
• presence of infection;
• endocrine diseases;
• problems with the ovaries;
• disturbances in the functioning of the pituitary gland;
• pathologies of the uterus and its parts;
• hormonal imbalances;
• consequences of abortion;
• anemia, problems with immunity;
• infantilism of the genital organs;
• disorders of the blood coagulation system;
• intoxication of the body, consequences of harmful radiation;
• violation metabolic processes;
• diabetes mellitus

Because of large quantity possible reasons violations, you cannot select medications yourself. The same rule applies to traditional medicine, which can only temporarily eliminate the problem.

Ectopic pregnancy

Very scanty and dark periods may indicate an ectopic pregnancy. And the girls note that it’s not exactly menstruation, but discharge that can be confused with monthly bleeding due to hypomenorrhea:

• small amount of blood;
• dark brown shade;
• long lasting character.

It is extremely important to diagnose early ectopic pregnancy. If a woman does not go to the hospital for a long time, then the risk of rupture increases fallopian tubes, peritonitis and bleeding in abdominal cavity.

Diagnosis and treatment

When your periods are scanty and don’t last long, you need to visit the following specialists:

• gynecologist;
• endocrinologist;
• vascular surgeon;
• neurologist;
• psychiatrist.

The examination may include the following activities:

• gynecological examination;
• urine and blood analysis (general);
• hormone tests (prescribed by a doctor);
• transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound;
• flora smear;
• folliculometry;
• bacterial culture;
• endometrial biopsy.

Most often, it is enough to contact a gynecologist and donate blood, urine, and smears. If no serious violations were found at this stage, the specialist will advise improving your lifestyle and diet. In the opposite situation, the doctor, based on the examination results, will make additional diagnostics for staging accurate diagnosis and choice of therapy.

Discharge color

Scanty and prolonged periods brown may have several causes:

• weak tone uterus;
• prolonged depression;
• severe stress;
• trauma to the reproductive system;
• consequences of abortion, surgery;
• improper functioning of the pituitary gland and ovaries.

If the marks on the pad are lighter than usual (pink), then this discharge is not associated with menstruation and may occur due to a delay.

Medicines for scanty menstruation

They are selected based on examination and established diagnosis. You need to understand that there is no specific remedy for the treatment of scanty periods, the use of which increases their volume. Therefore, first, the root causes are eliminated, which is why monthly bleeding has decreased.
It could be supportive hormone therapy based on progesterone:

• Utrozhestan;
• Duphaston;

Follow the link to find out how to take it.
You cannot take hormones on your own. An incorrect regimen or increasing the dose against the background of an inaccurate diagnosis aggravates the situation. undergo changes - appear brown discharge smearing or with clots.

It also helps with the scarcity of discharge.

For problems with the thyroid gland:

• Endorm;
• Iodomarin.

To eliminate inflammatory processes:

• Metronidazole (not an antibiotic);
• Ampicillin;
• Cefatoxime;
• Ceftriaxone.

As additional treatment when little blood is released and menstruation is poor, the gynecologist may prescribe homeopathic remedies:

• Remens;
• Dysmenorm;
• Feminalgin.

It's just sample list. The medications described above can be taken only after the permission of the attending physician. If you do this at home yourself, the risk of complications and additional failures almost always increases.

Traditional medicine

Sometimes you can do without medications, but provided there is no inflammatory process or pathology of the pelvic organs or thyroid gland. They will help get rid of the tincture problem and, if the cause is a minor malfunction or external factors(stress, physical activity).

The following recipes will help to enhance menstruation:

1. Parsley and rue. Mix herbs in a 2:1 ratio to get 1 tbsp. l. Add 200 ml boiling water. Let the broth infuse for several hours. For treatment, it is enough to divide the resulting liquid three times, drinking it all in one day.
2. Sagebrush. After taking it, your periods should increase and the pain should disappear. You need to take 2.5 tablespoons of dry plant per glass of boiling water. Daily dose is 3 tbsp. l.
3. Verbena. The decoction is prepared on the basis of 1 tbsp. l. herbs poured into a glass of boiling water. Can be consumed at any time throughout the day.

Without proper treatment, light menstruation develops into a delay or only goes away for a while.

Medicinal herbs should be used sparingly. Many plants can provoke severe bleeding, as they are most often used for delays.

By the age of 40 reproductive system Every woman undergoes changes. Hormonal levels change, fewer eggs are produced, and reproductive capabilities gradually fade away.

It is at this age that menstruation may appear 2 times a month. The reasons for this after 40 years may be hidden in hormonal fluctuations, diseases of the reproductive system.

Polymenorrhea – menstruation that occurs more than once in one menstrual cycle – can occur in a woman’s life up to 40 years of age. But exactly age-related changes are the most common cause failure.

Irregularity of the cycle, changes in the volume and duration of menstruation by the age of 40 may be the norm, but cannot be excluded various pathologies that cause this condition. Having crossed the milestone of forty years, a woman should be especially attentive to her well-being, including the nature of her regulation.

Normally, periods at this age should not be:

1. Long lasting. Prolongation of menstruation may indicate a blood clotting disorder, the development of inflammatory processes, side effects from taking contraceptives, diseases of the uterus and ovaries.
2. Frequent. A cycle disorder, consisting of full menstruation twice a month or the presence of blood discharge during the intermenstrual period (polymenorrhea), is the result of a gradual decrease in the production of the hormone estrogen by the ovaries. In rare cases, this phenomenon can be caused by the formation of a cyst, endometriosis, or other inflammatory diseases– up to cervical cancer.
3. After 40 years, a decrease in the volume of menstruation is the first signal of the onset of menopause. Usually this phenomenon is combined with a violation of the duration of the cycle, which can be reduced to 20–21 days or extended to 40–45 days.
4. Abundant. Bleeding also indicates the onset of menopause and can be a companion to fibroids, endometriosis and uterine cancer.

A delay after 40 years, as at any other age, may indicate pregnancy or be a symptom of the onset of menopause.

Causes of menstrual irregularities after 40 years

Hormonal changes in every woman begin at at different ages. But on average, changes in reproductive function begin precisely at the age of 40–45. Therefore, frequent periods after 45 years, dizziness, migraines, first hot flashes, changes in the nature of bleeding during menstruation - typical signs the beginning of menopause.

Menstruation at this age twice a month only means that much less is produced female hormones, decreases reproductive function, menopause arrives. It is at this age that problems with conception may appear: due to a decrease in the concentration of hormones and a decrease in the number of mature eggs, it can be difficult for a woman to become pregnant and bear a child.

Hormonal changes

Hormonal balance is the main factor responsible for female reproductive health. Normal concentration and the ratio of sex hormones ensure the possibility of conceiving and bearing a child, and the regularity of menstruation.

(at about 40 years old) is most often caused by hormonal imbalance. The production of estrogen and progesterone gradually decreases, the menstrual cycle is disrupted, and the general health, bleeding may occur, including between regular menstruation.

Less significant reasons hormonal imbalance at this age, irregular or uncontrolled use of OCs, stress, physical activity, and poor lifestyle are considered.

Inflammatory diseases

The cycle frequency is also affected by the presence women's diseases, such as:

• colpitis;
• vulvitis;
• bartholinitis;
• adnexitis;
• bacterial vaginosis;
• candidiasis;
• obstruction of pipes;
• inflammation of the ovary or uterus.

Diseases of the female genital area not only worsen health and manifest themselves vividly severe symptoms, but also cause long-term consequences - anatomical changes in female body. More often we're talking about about adhesions or tubal obstructions that impair blood flow in soft tissues, reduce the likelihood of fertilization of the egg, affect the ovulation process.

Changes in the menstrual cycle also appear - periods become very painful, irregular, appear in the middle of the cycle, the volume of discharge increases or, on the contrary, decreases.

Experts place inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs first on the list of possible causes of infertility. It is chronic or undetected sluggish infections that are also the cause of early menopause.

Tumors

Depending on the aggressiveness, tumors of the female reproductive system are divided into benign and malignant:

1. Benign tumors include uterus, cyst, ovarian tumors, serous cystoma, mucinous benign tumor, cystadenoma, Brenner tumor, stromal cell and germ cell tumors. Such neoplasms do not pose a great danger, but in most cases they are removed, since the risk of degeneration into a malignant neoplasm increases. The diagnosis is often made by biopsy, which additionally allows one to exclude cancer. Most common types tumors developing in the female reproductive system are uterine fibroids and ovarian cystomas.
2. Malignant tumors (cancer) require mandatory quality diagnostics and treatment, since this condition is dangerous not only to the health, but also to the life of the woman. Cancer of the vagina, ovary, uterus, cervix, and labia often develops asymptomatically or has signs of another disease. The development of oncology can be detected with a sharp change in the nature of menstruation, the appearance of pain in the abdomen and lower back, heavy bleeding, frequent causeless increases in temperature, external changes, constant fatigue, weight loss of more than 10% over the past six months.

A reliable diagnosis of pathology can only be made with biopsy examination material - a piece of soft tissue (endometrium).

Treatment and diagnosis of cycle failures

The effectiveness of treatment and prevention depends not only women's health in general, but also the timely onset of menopause, as well as the possibility if a woman is planning to conceive.

Before determining therapy, a mandatory diagnosis of diseases that may become probable cause failure in the cycle. At heavy menstruation The first drug prescribed to a woman will be a hemostatic agent. Other medications are selected depending on the diagnostic results.

Conservative methods

For appropriate treatment, you must contact a gynecologist. At the first stage, a diagnosis of the disease will be carried out, which includes:

• taking an anamnesis to determine the time of onset of changes in the menstrual cycle;
• gynecological examination, palpation of all accessible pelvic organs;
• strokes;
• oncocytology (smear), especially when identifying pathological foci on the cervix;
• exception probable pregnancy– conducting a routine home test or blood test for hCG levels;
• study of endocrine status - determination of the level of estrogen, progesterone, pituitary hormones, prolactin, if necessary, study of function thyroid gland, adrenal glands;
• Ultrasound – abdominal and transvaginal sensors are more often used;
• histological examination of endometrial particles after preliminary curettage of the uterine cavity - according to indications.

Treatment of heavy menstruation, when menstruation occurs twice a month, is prescribed in accordance with the detected causes of hormonal cycle disorders. This may include:

• the use of hemostatic drugs for heavy bleeding;
• elimination of hormonal disorders;
• treatment concomitant diseases– STDs, anemia;
• reviewing the therapy used to combat underlying diseases (for example, taking hormonal drugs);
• the use of drugs to stimulate ovarian function, physiotherapeutic methods, herbal and vitamin therapy;
• the use of complex methods of infertility therapy (if conception is desired).

Operative methods

Surgical methods for the treatment of gynecological female diseases are used for the following purposes:

• diagnostic and therapeutic curettage;
• removal of polyps, cysts, myomas, fibroids;
• resection of the ovary, removal of the fallopian tube;
• extirpation of the uterus or other organs.

IN mandatory All types of intervention require malignant neoplasms. In this case, in addition to removing the tumor itself, chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy is prescribed.

Any disruption of the menstrual cycle requires examination, and after 40 years the problem becomes especially relevant due to the increased risk of the formation of malignant and benign tumors.

U healthy women The normal duration of menstruation is 4-6 days. But sometimes after 40 years, ladies notice that their periods have become longer. This is a reason to visit a gynecologist.

Causes of prolonged bleeding

• Infection. Dysbacteriosis, infectious and inflammatory diseases genitourinary system- all this provokes the nature of menstruation to be prolonged.
• Endometriosis. This is the growth of the mucous layer of the uterus into other organs located nearby. During the cycle, the endometrium begins to bleed over its entire surface, hence the strong and long “ critical days" The signs are sharp pain, constant irregularity of the cycle.
• Uterine cancer. May be painless for some time. In any case, with particularly long periods, you should undergo full examination in order to exclude such a diagnosis.
• Uterine fibroids. Benign tumor. It’s not as scary as cancer, but it’s also not pleasant. May be accompanied by weakness, dizziness, and frequent urination.
• Diseases of the adrenal glands and thyroid gland. Characteristic permanent sign, except prolonged bleeding- “spotting” discharge in the middle of the cycle.
• Hormonal imbalance. Disruption of the pituitary gland provokes heavy periods. The cerebral cortex is responsible for the hormone that causes excessive early maturation eggs.
• Pathology of the uterus. Any deviations from the normal shape of the uterus can contribute to the accumulation and stagnation of blood inside the cavity. Women mistake this blood that comes out after a while for menstruation. Often, such a disease is accompanied by a hormonal imbalance.
• Ectopic pregnancy. It usually manifests itself as weakness, nausea, prolonged discharge, menstrual irregularities, severe pain lower abdomen.
• Genetic pathology. Hemophilia and von Willebrand disease are genetic disorders characterized by impaired blood clotting function. Therefore, the discharge can be very long - up to 15 days.
• Arterial hypertension. High blood pressure promotes very long and heavy periods due to increased blood flow.
• Varicose veins of the vagina. Appears in genetically predisposed women, is inherited, occurs during heavy, exhausting physical activity during pregnancy, sedentary life. Intense periods during menstruation are strictly not recommended. sports loads, hard work.
• Contraceptives. Long periods can occur due to incorrect selection or incorrect dosage of oral hormonal contraceptives. Or during the transition to other similar means. Incorrectly calculated timing of taking pills can disrupt and prolong the cycle.

What symptoms are considered alarming?

• blood flow has become very intense; pads and tampons have to be changed after 1.5-2 hours; the menstrual cup fills in less than an hour;
• appeared in the discharge blood clots large size, strange flakes or lumps;
• menstruation lasts more than 7 days;
• the cycle is very short (from 10 to 20 days);
• abundant intermediate “daub”;
• weakness, loss of strength, nausea, dizziness (associated with iron deficiency in the body due to blood loss).

All these signs are a reason to urgently visit your gynecologist.

The above diseases can be treated quite easily with medications without surgical intervention only on initial stages. It is strictly forbidden to self-medicate, even after a final diagnosis has been made. After all, it’s hormonal reproductive system makes a woman a woman, so why spoil it and harm yourself?

If no pathologies are found?

It happens that the examination did not reveal any pathologies, diseases, or disorders. In this case, long periods are easy individual feature body. It's okay, everything can be fixed.

It is not at all necessary to lie still on “these” days, covered with pads. You just need to follow a special regime without prolonged stress and support your body with:

• quitting smoking, alcohol (strengthening blood vessels);
• herbal and aromatherapy (calming the nervous system);
• balanced nutrition (replenishment of minerals, trace elements, in particular iron);
• temporary restrictions on excessive physical activity(relieving muscle tension);
• regular sexual activity (well, this is in between " critical days", strengthens the muscles of the pelvis and the entire reproductive system, and improves mood);
• consuming enough clean drinking water(blood is lost, and with it water leaves the body).

In general, best treatment- this is prevention. Therefore, visiting a gynecologist once every 6 months is a very good prerequisite for recognizing troubles in time and a way to for many years stay healthy, beautiful, feminine, real.