The human body has complex system, the functioning of which is aimed at maintaining the vitality and preservation of human health. One such process is the folding process. What are its features?
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What changes occur in the human body as a result of bleeding?

In the event of a breach of integrity blood vessel starts immediately. The process aimed at ensuring the safety and preservation of the vitality of the body is called hemostasis. This process starts the same second as soon as the integrity of the structure of the blood vessels is disrupted, which leads to bleeding.

When the endothelium (inner wall) is damaged, the body releases specific substances that give the central nervous system an impulse to start bleeding. Among these substances, the most active are serotonin and thromboxane.

The release of these substances in combination with painful sensations cause spasm of the smooth muscles of those vessels whose walls have been damaged. As a result, the amount of blood released from the wound decreases.

The release of thromboplastin by the human body leads to the activation of platelet behavior, which in turn causes a cascade reaction, which results in the formation of a thrombus - a blood clot that prevents the release of blood from.

The biological fin system is responsible for the process of blood clotting in the human body. The performance indicators of this system have its own specific norms, the violation of which can cause the development serious illnesses. The normal functioning of the Finnish system can be determined by conducting a blood clotting test.

The process of hemostasis consists of the work of two important mechanisms:

• Vascular - platelet. Responsible for the reverse process of blood clotting
• Coagulation. This mechanism responsible for blood clotting

At normal functioning For a healthy person, these mechanisms work together, complementing each other.

Stages of the blood clotting process

The mechanism of plasma hemostasis consists of three stages:

• Formation of tissue and blood type thromboplastin. The duration of this stage is approximately 3 - 6 minutes. The peculiarity of the first stage is that its result is the occurrence of internal and external hemostasis.
• The process of conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. The duration of the second stage is about 6 seconds. The transition process lasts through the participation of two types of thromboplastin: blood and tissue.
• A chain reaction that results in the formation of fibrin. The third stage of blood clotting lasts approximately 5 to 6 seconds. This stage has a chain reaction, the essence of which is that after the formation of thrombin, an enzymatic process begins to operate, which leads to the formation of profibrin. Then fibroplatin (A) and fibrin monomer (B) are split off from it. As a result of the action of calcium ions on them, the process of their polymerization occurs. At the end of this chain reaction a blood clot forms.

Without active work the second mechanism: vascular - platelet, the process of hemostasis can lead to the formation of blood vessels inside, which can lead to irreparable consequences. In order to prevent such a nuisance, the vascular-platelet coagulation mechanism comes into action. The essence this process consists of activating blood clotting factors, which remain dormant until a certain time. Among these factors are the following:

• Beta globulin
• Glycoprotein
• Fibrinosis
• Plasma prekallikrein
• Clinnogen
• Antiglemophilic globulin A

Blood moves in our body through blood vessels and is in a liquid state. But in the event of a violation of the integrity of the vessel, it forms a clot in a fairly short period of time, which is called a thrombus or “blood clot”. With the help of a blood clot, the wound is closed, thereby stopping the bleeding. The wound heals over time. Otherwise, if the blood clotting process is disrupted for some reason, a person may die from even minor damage.

Why does blood clot?

Blood clotting is very important defensive reaction human body. It prevents blood loss, while maintaining a constant volume of blood in the body. The coagulation mechanism is triggered by a change in the physicochemical state of the blood, which is based on the fibrinogen protein dissolved in its plasma.

Fibrinogen is able to turn into insoluble fibrin, which falls out in the form of thin threads. These very threads can form a dense network with small cells, which delays shaped elements. This is how a blood clot happens. Over time, the blood clot gradually thickens, tightens the edges of the wound and thereby promotes its speedy healing. When compacted, the clot releases a yellowish clear liquid, which is called whey.

Platelets also participate in blood clotting, which thicken the clot. This process is similar to making curd from milk, when casein (protein) is curdled and whey is also formed. During the healing process, the wound promotes gradual resorption and dissolution of the fibrin clot.

How does the coagulation process start?

A. A. Schmidt in 1861 found out that the process of blood clotting is completely enzymatic. He found that the conversion of fibrinogen, which is dissolved in plasma, into fibrin (an insoluble specific protein) occurs with the participation of thrombin, a special enzyme.

A person always has a little thrombin in his blood, which is in an inactive state, prothrombin, as it is also called. Prothrombin is formed in the human liver and is converted into active thrombin under the influence of thromboplastin and calcium salts present in the plasma. It must be said that thromboplastin is not found in the blood; it is formed only during the destruction of platelets and when other cells of the body are damaged.

The occurrence of thromboplastin is a rather complex process, since in addition to platelets, some proteins contained in the plasma are involved. In the absence of certain proteins in the blood, blood clotting may be slowed down or not occur at all. For example, if one of the globulins is missing in the plasma, then the well-known disease hemophilia (or, in other words, bleeding) develops. Those living with this condition can lose significant amounts of blood from even a small scratch.

Blood clotting phases

Thus, blood clotting is a step-by-step process that consists of three phases. The first is considered the most complex, during which the formation of the complex compound thromboplastin occurs. In the next phase, thromboplastin and prothrombin (an inactive plasma enzyme) are needed for blood clotting. The first has an effect on the second and thereby converts it into active thrombin. And in the final third phase, thrombin, in turn, affects fibrinogen (a protein that is dissolved in the blood plasma), turning it into fibrin, an insoluble protein. That is, with the help of coagulation, blood passes from a liquid to a jelly-like state.

Types of blood clots

There are 3 types blood clots or blood clots:

1. A white thrombus is formed from fibrin and platelets; it contains a relatively small amount of red blood cells. Usually appears in those places of vessel damage where the blood flow is high (in the arteries).
2. Disseminated deposits of fibrin form in capillaries (very small vessels). This is the second type of blood clots.
3. And the last ones are red blood clots. They appear in places of slow blood flow and with the obligatory absence of changes in the vessel wall.

Clotting factors

Blood clot formation is very complex process, it involves numerous proteins and enzymes that are found in blood plasma, platelets and tissue. These are blood clotting factors. Those contained in plasma are usually designated by Roman numerals. Arabic indicates platelet factors. The human body contains all blood clotting factors that are in an inactive state. When a vessel is damaged, a rapid sequential activation of all of them occurs, as a result of which the blood clots.

Blood clotting, normal

In order to determine whether the blood clots normally, a test called a coagulogram is performed. It is necessary to do such an analysis if a person has thrombosis, autoimmune diseases, varicose veins veins, acute and chronic bleeding. It is also mandatory for pregnant women and those preparing for surgery. For this type of study, blood is usually taken from a finger or vein.

Blood clotting time is 3-4 minutes. After 5-6 minutes, it completely curls up and becomes a gelatinous clot. As for capillaries, a blood clot forms in about 2 minutes. It is known that with age, the time spent on blood clotting increases. So, in children from 8 to 11 years old, this process begins after 1.5-2 minutes, and ends after 2.5-5 minutes.

Blood clotting indicators

Prothrombin is a protein that is responsible for blood clotting and is an important component of thrombin. Its norm is 78-142%.

Prothrombin index (PTI) is calculated as the ratio of PTI, taken as a standard, to the PTI of the patient being examined, expressed as a percentage. The norm is 70-100%.

Prothrombin time is the period of time during which clotting occurs, normally 11-15 seconds in adults and 13-17 seconds in newborns. Using this indicator, you can diagnose DIC syndrome, hemophilia and monitor your blood condition when taking heparin. Thrombin time is the most important indicator; normally it ranges from 14 to 21 seconds.

Fibrinogen is a plasma protein that is responsible for the formation of a blood clot, and its amount can indicate inflammation in the body. In adults, its content should be 2.00-4.00 g/l, in newborns 1.25-3.00 g/l.

Antithrombin is a specific protein that ensures the resorption of the formed blood clot.

Two systems of our body

Of course, during bleeding, rapid blood clotting is very important to reduce blood loss to zero. It itself must always remain in a liquid state. But there are pathological conditions, leading to blood clotting inside the vessels, and this poses a greater danger to humans than bleeding. Diseases such as thrombosis of the coronary cardiac vessels, thrombosis pulmonary artery, thrombosis of cerebral vessels, etc., are associated with this problem.

It is known that two systems coexist in the human body. One promotes rapid blood clotting, while the second prevents this in every possible way. If both of these systems are in balance, then the blood will coagulate when the vessels are damaged externally, but inside them will be liquid.

What promotes blood clotting?

Scientists have proven that nervous system may affect the process of blood clot formation. Thus, blood clotting time decreases with painful stimulation. Conditioned reflexes may also influence coagulation. A substance such as adrenaline, which is released from the adrenal glands, promotes rapid blood clotting. At the same time, it is able to make the arteries and arterioles narrower and thus reduce possible blood loss. Vitamin K and calcium salts also participate in blood clotting. They help speed up this process, but there is another system in the body that interferes with it.

What prevents blood clotting?

The cells of the liver and lungs contain heparin, a special substance that stops blood clotting. It prevents the formation of thromboplastin. It is known that the heparin content in young men and adolescents after work decreases by 35-46%, but in adults it does not change.

Blood serum contains a protein called fibrinolysin. It is involved in the dissolution of fibrin. It is known that moderate pain can accelerate clotting, however severe pain slows down this process. Low temperature prevents blood clotting. Body temperature is considered optimal healthy person. In the cold, blood clots slowly, sometimes this process does not occur at all.

Salts of acids (citric and oxalic), which precipitate calcium salts necessary for rapid coagulation, as well as hirudin, fibrinolysin, sodium citrate and potassium, can increase the clotting time. Medical leeches can produce with the help of the cervical glands a special substance - hirudin, which has an anti-clotting effect.

Clotting in newborns

In the first week of a newborn’s life, the clotting of his blood occurs very slowly, but already during the second week the levels of prothrombin and all coagulation factors approach the normal level of an adult (30-60%). Already 2 weeks after birth, the fibrinogen content in the blood increases greatly and becomes like that of an adult. By the end of the first year of life, the content of other blood clotting factors approaches the adult norm. They reach the norm by 12 years.

This property of blood, such as coagulation, does not allow a person to bleed it out in the event of a cut or any other injury. However increased coagulability blood is dangerous to life because it causes the development of many diseases.

Normal blood moves freely through arteries and veins, supplying tissues with oxygen. In dense tissue, clots and blood clots often form, and organ tissues receive insufficient quantity oxygen, which leads to a deterioration in health and a decrease in human performance.

Norm and reasons for deviations

Normal blood density in adults is from 1048 to 1066, and plasma density is from 1029 to 1034. Venous blood differs in slightly higher density compared to arterial. The viscosity of blood depends on the amount of red blood cells and proteins in it. Daily protein nutrition can lead to an increase in the viscosity of plasma, and, accordingly, blood.

Many factors influence clotting. Predisposition to pathology appears when:

• Increased levels of platelets and red blood cells.
• With increased hemoglobin.
• With significant dehydration.
• Insufficient absorption of water by the body.
• Acidification of the body.
• Massive blood loss.
• Insufficient amount of enzymes.
• Excessive consumption of carbohydrates and sugary foods.

Also, rapid blood clotting can develop as a result of irradiation during the treatment of cancer, when thermal burns or foodborne toxoinfections, which are accompanied by severe vomiting and diarrhea.

Sometimes increased coagulability develops in people suffering from:

• Hypoxia.
• Diabetes mellitus.
• Thrombophilia.
• Myeloma.
• Hepatitis.
• Adrenal insufficiency.
• Pancreatitis.
• Cirrhosis of the liver.
• Varicose veins.

Increased clotting in pregnant women

It has been observed that blood becomes thicker during pregnancy. This is explained by the fact that the body expectant mother includes protective mechanisms that prevent large blood loss during childbirth. Therefore, throughout the entire period of gestation, the doctor must monitor the pregnant woman’s blood counts.

If exceeded normal values the doctor may decide to adjust the viscosity level. The correction method depends on the degree of deviation.

Thus, slightly increased blood clotting during pregnancy is corrected with the help of special diet and drinking plenty of fluids.

If the tests show excessive thickening, which can cause the development of one or another pathology, the woman will be prescribed treatment with special medications.

What is the danger?

Many people do not know the dangers of a condition in which the blood becomes much thicker. One of the most dangerous consequences This condition poses a risk of blood clots forming in the lumens of blood vessels.

As a rule, blood clots form in small vessels. But when they are formed in large arteries, where blood moves much faster, the risk of a blood clot breaking off and blocking a coronary artery or vessel located in the brain increases. As a result of such thrombosis, tissue necrosis occurs in the affected organ, and the patient may suffer from a heart attack or stroke.

Other consequences of high viscosity include the development of hypertension, atherosclerosis, and intracerebral bleeding.

Pregnant women with high blood viscosity are more likely to develop blood clots, placental abruption, prematurity, or even fetal death.

The occurrence of a particular complication is influenced by the reason due to which the blood has become thicker than normal. Therefore, in order to cure a complication, you must first eliminate the underlying disease.

Symptoms

As a result of deviation of the blood composition from the norm, the normal function platelets and erythrocytes. There is an increased adhesion of these cells, a discrepancy in the ratio of the amount of fluid and cells in the blood.

People whose blood clots quickly notice the following signs:

• Chronic fatigue, feeling of weakness, drowsiness.
• Feeling of heaviness in the legs, fatigue while walking.
• Frequent painful sensations in my head.
• The formation of bruises on the skin with minor bruises.
• Increased bleeding gums
• Dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract and organs that suffer from insufficient supply nutrients and oxygen.
• Swelling and pain of hemorrhoids.
• Education spider veins on the surface of the skin of the lower extremities.

It should be noted that the above symptoms are temporary and disappear after the causes are eliminated. Typically, the signs increased viscosity most often seen in people suffering from obesity, cancer and autoimmune diseases, diabetes mellitus. The risk group also includes smokers and people exposed to constant stress.

Treatment methods

If the patient has the above symptoms and treatment of increased blood clotting has become vital important issue, then the doctor’s main task is to identify the disease that caused the thickening. To do this you need:

1. Adjust metabolic processes.
2. Take measures to eliminate the causes of blood clots.
3. Treat tumors of hematopoietic tissues.

Choice specific method Treatment depends on the cause of this pathology.

For diseases such as atherosclerosis and ischemic disease, can be used as prophylaxis medicines having a liquefying effect. Such drugs include:

• Cardioaspirin.
• Cardiomagnyl.
• Magnicor.
• Thrombo ACC.

In some cases, in complex therapy pharmaceuticals include:

• Warfarin.
• Heparin.
• Fragmin.

Thinning medications should be selected individually for each patient. Only an experienced doctor can prescribe safe remedy, which has no contraindications for use in the patient’s existing diseases.

Thus, patients with myeloma should never take anticoagulants, since such drugs can provoke heavy bleeding. And to prevent hemorrhagic syndrome, patients undergo platelet transfusions, plasmapheresis, and other methods of symptomatic treatment are used in therapy.

Traditional medicine

To get rid of thickened blood syndrome, it is also advisable to use all kinds of folk recipes. Many plants have thinning properties, so they are often used instead of drug treatment.

However, before you start using one or another folk remedy, you need to consult your doctor and find out if there are any contraindications to its use.

Blood thinning herbs include:

• Spiraea.
• Willow bark.
• Horse chestnut flowers.
• Nettle.
• Nutmeg.

The listed plants can be purchased at the pharmacy in the form of tinctures or dry raw materials for making teas. Before starting treatment, you must carefully study the information on the packaging regarding the rules for preparing and taking the medicine.

You can also prepare a liquefying collection, which includes:

• Sweet clover yellow.
• Valerian.
• Clover flowers.
• Melissa.
• Hawthorn.
• Narrow-leaved fireweed.

All components in equal proportions are thoroughly mixed and used for brewing. medicinal tea. They're preparing it as follows: 2 teaspoons of raw material are poured into 400 ml of boiling water and left for 15-20 minutes. Take this remedy 2-4 times a day.

What you need to know about the products

Blood viscosity can also be adjusted using certain products. So, some of them contribute to thickening, so it is better to exclude them from the patient’s diet. Other products have the ability to liquefy. Therefore, every patient should know what increases blood clotting and what diet helps make it less thick.

They have liquefying properties:

• Berries - cranberries, grapes, gooseberries, cherries and cherries, strawberries, red currants, blueberries.
• Fruits - oranges, apples, peaches, lemons.
• Vegetables - cucumbers, tomatoes, beets.
• Spices - ginger root, cinnamon, celery root and leaves, garlic, chili pepper.
• Seafood - red and white fish, seaweed.
• Drinks - cocoa, coffee, dark chocolate.

Products that increase clotting:

• Sugar.
• Buckwheat porridge.
• Alcohol.
• Carbonated drinks.
• Smoked products.
• Bananas.
• Liver.
• Radish.
• Nuts.
• Pomegranate.
• Parsley.
• White bread.
• Beans and peas.
• Salt.
• Potato.
• Fatty protein foods.
• Butter.

Drinking regime

Not only diet and medications help reduce blood viscosity, but also drinking enough water.

Human blood is 90% liquid, and according to medical observations, the vast majority of people with vascular diseases, drink not enough water. It is during the summer heat that the number of heart attacks and strokes increases significantly, because increased sweating leads to loss of moisture in the body, and, as a result, narrowing of blood vessels and thickening of the blood.

To ensure the body works properly metabolic processes and control the amount of moisture lost during the hot season, you need to drink at least two liters of water every day. It should be taken into account that the water used must be clean and of high quality.

Other factors affecting clotting

• Medicines that have a diuretic effect.
• Oral contraceptives.
• Viagra.
• Hormonal pharmaceuticals.

If you are taking one of these medications and have thick blood, then you need to consult with your local doctor about the possibility of further use of the drug.

Smoking and overuse alcohol. Drinking and smoking people It is necessary to get rid of bad habits as soon as possible.

If you accomplish this task on our own fails, you can seek help from specialists with effective methods treatment of nicotine and alcohol addiction.

Sometimes bring your blood into normal condition possible with a special diet and sufficient fluid intake. But more often, increased coagulability is a consequence of some pathological process, occurring in the body. In such cases, it is possible to normalize blood counts only after eliminating the underlying disease that led to its thickening.

Blood clotting - important indicator human health. If the degree of coagulation is normal, blood circulates evenly throughout the body, supplying the organs with oxygen and nutrients, and any small open injury or damage to the epidermis heals quickly. If the plasma is too thick or thin, a person risks a number of serious diseases - potentially life-threatening.

In order to determine blood clotting indicators in a particular person, it is necessary to carry out laboratory analysis biological material. In a normal state, the density of blood is concentrated at 1048-1066 units, and the density of the plasma in the composition is also important. Her normal indicators – 1029 – 1034. Arterial blood less dense than venous.

The viscosity itself depends on the ratio of proteins and red blood cells in the liquid tissue.
In cases with deviations, several scenarios are possible - the blood becomes too thick or too thin.

Thrombophilia is a bleeding disorder with excessive plasma density, along with blood cells. The disease is dangerous because it increases the risk of blood clots; a person is susceptible to diseases such as thrombosis or varicose veins. If deviations are not controlled, the risk of strokes and heart attacks increases, and the load on the liver and kidneys increases, causing chronic problems with these organs.

A deviation in which the blood is too thin is called hypocoagulation; it can threaten a person with large blood loss with minimal trauma or damage.

Causes of increased blood clotting

The composition of human blood always remains unchanged, but the ratio of components constantly fluctuates throughout life. This is influenced by many factors.

What affects blood clotting in adults:

• increased levels of red blood cells and platelets due to disease;
• high hemoglobin levels;
• dehydration or poor fluid absorption;
• insufficient amount of enzymes;
• large blood loss due to open injuries epidermis or if damaged internal organs;
• frequent consumption of foods containing large amounts of sugar and carbohydrates;
• constant being in a stressful state;
• radiation exposure.

The cause of hypercoagulation is old age, hereditary pathologies, some medications, as well as diseases that cause the formation of fibrinogen in quantities significantly higher than normal.

Specifically, the reasons for increased blood clotting may include the following abnormalities:

• infectious diseases;
• hepatitis, liver cirrhosis;
• hormonal imbalances;
• atherosclerosis;
• thrombophilia, varicose veins;
• diabetes mellitus;
• weakened immune system;
• pancreatitis;
• development of benign or malignant neoplasms;
• genetic pathologies;
• hypoxia, constant surges in blood pressure;
• myeloma;
• hemophilia, von Willebrand disease.

group high risk filled with people who are passive, sedentary lifestyle life - bedridden patients, as well as pregnant women, since their body is experiencing serious hormonal changes. All of the above leads to increased blood thickening.

Symptoms of hypercoagulability

It is quite difficult to detect high blood clotting during a normal lifestyle without visiting doctors. The disease can remain undetected for a long period of time, making itself felt only when there is too little time left before the development of a vascular catastrophe.

The first call for an immediate examination may be a situation where a person has scratched skin, but blood does not ooze from the wound - the process of blood clotting begins almost instantly. Also, hypercoagulation is indicated by the difficulty of collecting biomaterial in medical laboratory– after skin puncture and vascular wall, the plasma literally coagulates at the tip of the needle, making it impossible for blood to enter the syringe.

Other indicators of hypercoagulation may include general ailments:

• constant feeling of fatigue, weakness;
• drowsiness;
• frequent headaches;
• illnesses gastrointestinal tract and internal organs that do not receive enough nutrients;
• manifestation spider veins on the surface of the legs;
• feeling of heaviness in the legs in the evening.

If one or more symptoms are detected, you must immediately contact a qualified specialist who will examine your blood cells for the presence of pathologies and prescribe a series of medical examinations.

If you ignore the violations and do not prescribe the correct course of treatment in a timely manner, blood clots may form in the blood supply, leading to the sudden death of a person.

What is the danger of the disease?

Blood thickening and blockage of blood vessels circulatory system can lead to blood clots and the following life-threatening tragedies:

• myocardial infarction;
• venous or arterial thrombosis of the extremities;
• ischemic stroke;
• infarction of internal organs such as kidneys, lungs, intestines.

Also, disturbances in blood viscosity often cause tissue necrosis, hypertension, cerebral hemorrhages, and atherosclerosis.

All listed diseases may cause loss of capacity, not excluding death.

Diagnosis of disorders

In order to determine the density and composition, it is necessary to take blood clotting tests. In case of serious deviations, the problem will become obvious immediately, since the blood clots quickly and collecting material is difficult.

In the absence of obvious violations, the laboratory analyzes the plasma and the protein it contains. The determination of blood clotting time is carried out manually - a drop of material is placed under a microscope, and a specialist records changes in the composition using continuous observation and a stopwatch.

Also, when diagnosing, anamnesis is important - the doctor must be aware of the diseases the patient has suffered, surgical interventions. It is not an exception to illnesses from which his immediate relatives suffer or the presence of pregnancy, when we're talking about about a woman.

The study of hemostasis with diagnosis is impossible without determining the level of platelets and a detailed analysis of other plasma components, such as fibrinogen, alpha, beta, gamma globulins.

Increased blood clotting during pregnancy

Girls carrying a baby must pay special attention to the thickness and composition of their blood; the supply of nutrients to the fetus and its development depend on this. Plasma viscosity during pregnancy begins to increase from week 12 interesting situation and continues until the third trimester.

This is due to an increase in factors influencing general condition body: hormonal changes, changes in metabolism, pressure surges, etc.

Also, the process is natural and provided for by nature, because if the blood were too liquid, during childbirth the pregnant woman would die from severe, uncontrollable blood loss.

Pregnancy should be accompanied by frequent visits a doctor competent to maintain the normal state of the expectant mother’s body. It is important to conduct blood tests at least once a month, adjusting the viscosity of the plasma with the help of medications and vitamins.

The slightest deviation from the norm can threaten placental abruption, premature birth or the death of the baby in the womb.

Treatment of hypercoagulability

Let's consider what to do if blood clotting is high. If deviations from the norm or frequent manifestations of a number of ailments indicating high blood clotting are detected, it is necessary to short terms find out what factor caused the plasma thickening.

Experts recommend contacting medical institution for the purpose of examining the body for the presence of diseases or genetic predisposition to hypercoagulation. This will determine which drugs and methods are used to effectively treat increased blood clotting in each individual case.

Medicines that have a thinning effect:

• Aspirin;
• Magnicor;
• Thrombo ACC;
• Cardioaspirin;
• Chimes.

The listed drugs are approved for use as prophylaxis and in cases where the cause of the deviations has not yet been clarified, and the risk of thrombosis or other consequences is very high. In cases of pregnancy, it is strictly forbidden to self-medicate; each medication must be strictly agreed with a doctor.

The blood clotting process automatically starts when you receive injuries, cuts, or burns. Due to diseases and characteristics of the body, blood stops clotting normally, which provokes bleeding and hemorrhage. Why does blood clot poorly? What influences this vital important process? You will find the answers in this article.

Blood does not clot due to lack of vitamin K in the body

Blood does not clot: causes of a dangerous condition

Immediately after a cut (burn, injury), platelets rush to the damaged area and create a clot that closes the wound. With normal coagulation, after damage to a blood vessel, the blood thickens within 4 minutes and becomes jelly-like. The blood clots completely after 7-8 minutes.

If blood clotting is low, even a minor cut will bleed. long time. Blood clots poorly when:

• Availability hereditary disease(hemophilia);
• decreased immunity;
• pregnancy;
• vitamin K deficiency;
• long and uncontrolled use painkillers;
• taking blood thinning medications;
• use large quantity liquids;
• presence of liver diseases.

Hemophilia is considered genetic disease, affecting males of all ages. Carriers are women, and the disease rarely manifests itself in them. With minor cuts in people with hemophilia, there is profuse bleeding. Patients are also susceptible to unpredictable hemorrhages in the muscles, joints, and brain.

How long does it take for blood to clot in hemophilia? The process of blocking a damaged vessel lasts up to 2 days, because this condition requires immediate appeal see a doctor. The hemostasiologist prescribes a special replacement therapy and/or blood transfusion. Hemophilia cannot be cured, but with constant use special drugs the occurrence of abundant, fatal dangerous bleeding is reduced to a minimum.

During pregnancy and during various diseases Maybe sharp decline immunity. During this period, the rate of clotting decreases, but not as significantly as in hemophilia. As a maintenance therapy, the doctor prescribes iron supplements, but it is not recommended to take medications without his consultation.

Blood does not clot if there is a lack of vitamin K. If the body becomes deficient in this substance, the risk of bleeding increases significantly. You can compensate for the lack of vitamin K by adding green tomatoes to your daily diet, cauliflower, rose hips, spinach, cereals.

Long-term use of painkillers (NSAIDs) and blood thinners helps reduce blood clotting. They should be used carefully and only as prescribed by the attending physician.

Liver diseases, as well as its damage by metastases from cancer of other organs, are considered one of the causes of poor blood clotting. Here, only doctors, a hepatologist and an oncologist will help restore the patient’s normal condition.

Remember, if the blood from small cuts does not clot within 5-8 minutes and you:

• often suffer from nosebleeds;
• are experiencing headache, weakness and joint pain:
• If you notice the appearance of bruises and abrasions from ordinary touch, you need to immediately seek help from a doctor.

The sooner the disease is detected, the greater the opportunity to prevent its further development. Do not neglect your own health, be vigilant.