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The disease UC (nonspecific ulcerative colitis) is chronic and immune in nature. The exact reasons for its development have not yet been established by science. The risk group for the development of pathology includes all people, regardless of gender and age. However, between the ages of 20 and 40 and those diagnosed between 60 and 70 Ulcerative colitis» More patients are being recruited. The disease occurs in 50-80 people out of 100, the female population predominates. From 3 to 15 new cases are registered per year.

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the large intestine.

In this article you will learn:

The concept of pathology and its causes

Nonspecific ulcerative colitis (K51.9 in ICD-10) is a chronic inflammatory process in the large intestine caused by the aggressive influence of direct and colon and accompanied by ulcerative lesions of the intestinal mucosa.

The pathology has no established etiology, which makes diagnosis and, accordingly, treatment difficult.

However, with a competent approach and correct therapy, UC is curable. You can achieve stable remission and significantly improve your quality of life. In 4% of cases, remission lasts 15 years.

The vast majority of patients are women

TO possible reasons The occurrence of UC includes immune disorders and genetic predisposition. Any viruses or bacteria, infections or congenital pathologies. If we follow the gene theory, then specific genes can provoke UC (they have so far been tentatively identified and not definitively confirmed).

Additionally, among the possible negative factors, the researchers identified smoking and non-compliance with nutritional rules, taking non-steroidal drugs, removal of appendicitis in early age, nervous tension.

The likelihood of a combination of external and internal factors(for example, the scheme “stress – activation of bacteria against the background of a decrease in the body’s regulatory forces”).

Medicine cannot explain the exact causes of the disease

Forms of pathology

Atypical ulcerative colitis has several medical classifications. The forms of the disease and their description are presented in the table.

Differentiating feature	Type	Description
Localization	Distal	Rectum
	Left-handed	Damage to the remaining parts of the colon up to the splenic flexure
	Subtotal	To the hepatic flexure
	Total	Ascending colon
Degree of development (according to Truelove and Witts)	Elementary	Up to 4 bowel movements per day inclusive, almost no blood, normal heart rate and temperature, hemoglobin - more than 110, erythrocyte sedimentation rate - no more than 30, slight increase in the number of white blood cells, the patient’s weight does not change, deficiency nutrients not reflected.
	Average	Up to 6 bowel movements per day inclusive, blood in the stool is noticeable, heart beats - no more than 90, temperature - 37-38 degrees, hemoglobin - up to 100, erythrocyte sedimentation rate - up to 35, a noticeable increase in the number of white blood cells, the patient’s weight decreases, noticeable lack of nutrients.
	Heavy	More than 6 bowel movements per day, pronounced blood, heart beats more than 90, temperature - 38-39 degrees, hemoglobin - less than 90, erythrocyte sedimentation rate - more than 35, leukocytosis with a shift in the formula, the patient’s weight is noticeably reduced, lack of nutrients is very noticeable .
Character of the current	Chronic	Stages of exacerbations (up to 2 times per year) and stable remissions.
	Spicy	Extremely severe course with complications.
	Continuous	Diagnosed exacerbations more often than 2 times a year, impossibility of achieving remission.

The total type is more susceptible to a severe course. The left-sided type is the most common (80 out of 100). The continuous type occurs in 10 cases out of 100.

Necrotizing ulcerative colitis is a separate type of pathology diagnosed in newborns (usually premature infants) who have been exposed to oxygen and nerve starvation in the womb. But it can also occur as a complication in severe colitis in adults. Characterized by cell death (the last advanced stage).

Smoking is considered one of the provoking factors for the development of the disease.

Signs of pathology

Symptoms of UC in adults include:

• bloody diarrhea with mucus and/or pus;
• discharge of blood from the anus outside of bowel movements;
• abdominal pain like contractions, intensifying after eating food;
• false urge to go to the toilet;
• swelling of the legs;
• despite frequent stool, feeling of incomplete emptying;
• bloating.

Signs of ulcerative colitis intensify as the pathology develops. Tachycardia and fever are added. Over time, noticeable weight loss occurs and signs of nutritional deficiencies are observed.

Symptoms in advanced stages are often supplemented by extraintestinal signs, which complicates the diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative colitis in adults.

Detection methods

Diagnosis of UC includes medical history, palpation and examination, and instrumental techniques:

Symptoms of ulcerative colitis in women can be confused with gynecological pathologies, which requires additional consultation with a specialist. Treatment is carried out with hormonal drugs, which also requires consultation with a gynecologist.

If the inflammatory process worsens, it is important to consult a doctor promptly

Possible consequences

Disability from ulcerative colitis and death are the worst complications. You can maintain your ability to work at a mild stage of the disease. Disability group 3 allows for some work.

Inflammation tends to spread and affect other organs (eyes, mouth, bones and joints, skin). For the intestines, the progression of the disease is dangerous due to oncology. There is a risk of fistulas and abscesses.

The most common complications are narrowing, obstruction, persistent bleeding, perforation and dilatation of the intestine. The latter is dangerous due to rupture. Any of these complications require immediate hospitalization.

The first thing to do in case of exacerbation of UC is to go to the hospital for qualified help, the purpose of which is to relieve an attack.

Traditional treatment

Treatment of ulcerative colitis with drugs involves taking corticosteroids (Prednisolone, Budesonide), 5-ASA (Mesalazine, Colazal), antidepressants (Methotrexate) and cytostatic drugs (Infliximab). In a severe case with expressed temperature And strong signs inflammation - antibiotics (Metronidazole).

Therapeutic baths– one of the methods of treatment for nonspecific ulcerative colitis

To eliminate symptoms, medications that relieve pain and stop diarrhea (Loperamide) are prescribed. If necessary, rehydration is carried out, the body is saturated with iron.

5-ASA is usually prescribed as an anti-inflammatory agent. The use of corticosteroids is indicated only during periods of severe exacerbation of the second and third degrees of severity of the disease and for only a few months.

The goal of treatment at present is to eliminate symptoms, reduce inflammation, and prevent relapses. However, new treatments for ulcerative colitis are being developed regularly. Research is being conducted on the effectiveness of innovative drugs local action, based on bioprocesses and gene structures. In Israel, Remicade, an anti-TNF drug (tumor necrosis factor), is actively used in practice.

In case of ineffectiveness of a complex of medications, diet and physiotherapy, it is indicated surgical treatment: resection with anastomosis or segmental resection.

During an exacerbation of the disease, the patient is only allowed to drink water

Traditional therapy

Non-traditional methods of treatment include suppositories and a solution of mumiyo, infusions of herbs and plants (chamomile, mint, blueberries, nettle, St. John's wort, celandine), propolis, honey, sea buckthorn.

Treatment of UC folk remedies will eliminate symptoms, calm the central nervous system, have an anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, analgesic effect, normalize intestinal function, and restore water-salt balance. In the treatment of UC during exacerbation, a strong green tea and infusion of chamomile, St. John's wort.

Physiotherapy

For nonspecific ulcerative colitis, it is based on current treatment (diadynamic and interference therapy, SMT). In addition, physiotherapy such as vibration therapy, mineral waters, warm baths, mud, compresses.

You will learn more about nonspecific ulcerative colitis from the video:

Prevention of pathology

At the time of acute relapse of chronic ulcerative colitis, you should completely refuse food. You can drink water. Sometimes intravenous nutrition is prescribed. During the remission phase, it is recommended to adhere to table No. 4. Do not irritate or injure the intestinal mucosa. Protein should predominate among the nutrients.

Is it possible to cure nyc completely? This question worries everyone who has been diagnosed with this. As medical practice shows, it is impossible to completely get rid of diseases that are chronic.

Collapse

Since nonspecific ulcerative colitis refers to chronic disease It is completely impossible to get rid of this disease. But, despite this, you should not refuse drug treatment. At the first symptoms in mandatory need to apply for medical care. Even if it is not possible to completely get rid of the disease, the doctor, after carrying out diagnostic procedures will select not only the necessary medications, but also certain treatment tactics. Only if all conditions are met is it possible to control the pathology.

It is impossible to completely cure chronic UC, but with proper treatment pathology can be controlled

If you ignore nyc for a long time, this will undoubtedly lead to the development serious complications, which in some cases can even be fatal.

When such a diagnosis is made, only correctly prescribed treatment and strict adherence to all rules will help stop attacks and prevent complications.

With the development of nonspecific ulcerative colitis in a person, completely various symptoms, which have varying degrees of severity and shape. The main symptoms that indicate the development of this pathology are:

• intoxication of the body, which can manifest itself as fever, vomiting, dehydration;
• pain appears, which is accompanied by bleeding from the rectum;
• bloating;
• constipation followed by diarrhea;
• lack of appetite;
• the appearance of mucus impurities or;
• unreasonable weight loss;
• increased body temperature;
• the appearance of a rash on the body;
• joint pain
• frequent false urge to defecate.

Pay attention! Many signs may appear even before clear symptoms of colitis appear; everything will completely depend on the severity of the pathology and the speed of its development.

Disturbances in the gastrointestinal tract: constipation followed by diarrhea

These are not all the symptoms that indicate the development of nonspecific ulcerative colitis, but at the first manifestation of at least one sign, you need to immediately consult a doctor, since even the slightest delay can lead to the development of quite serious complications.

Reasons for the development of pathology

The exact cause that could provoke the development of such a pathology as ulcer has not yet been identified, but there are still certain factors that negatively affect general condition the body and on the immune response, and also in turn lead to the occurrence of pathology.

These factors include:

• genetic predisposition:
• various infections that penetrate the intestines;
• decreased immunity;
• long-term use of anti-inflammatory drugs;
• food allergies;
• stressful situations.

Regardless of what reason contributed to the onset of the disease, everyone who receives such a diagnosis asks the only question of how to cure ulcerative colitis. This pathology proceeds in stages. First of all, the rectum is damaged, and then this process the membrane and mucous layer are exposed.

During the course of the disease, it also has an impact depending on individual characteristics person. For example, if a person is calm and balanced, then the disease is less active and the risk of complications is eliminated. Factors such as nervousness and systematic stress conditions have an adverse effect and the pathology begins to progress more rapidly, and various kinds of complications begin to develop.

In order to make a correct diagnosis, first of all, the doctor conducts external inspection patient and only then are additional laboratory and instrumental studies prescribed.

TO laboratory research include:

• change general analysis blood and urine;

TO instrumental studies include:

• sigmoidoscopy;
• colonoscopy;
• irrigoscopy.

It is necessary to take a blood and urine test

Thanks to all these examinations, the doctor can compare all the signs and find out the overall picture of the disease. Only in this case does it become possible to really put correct diagnosis and find out the cause of the disease. And since from accurate diagnosis depends on the treatment, then only in this case can you choose a truly correct and comprehensive therapy.

Anyone who has been diagnosed with ulcerative colitis has wondered whether it can be cured forever. As medical practice shows, getting rid of such a disease, especially since it is chronic pathology It will not work out irrevocably, but this does not mean at all that the treatment will not bring any results.

In order to take the first step towards recovery, you need to see a doctor and undergo all the necessary tests. After this, the doctor, depending on each individual situation, will prescribe the appropriate treatment. Mainly used to treat this pathology following methods therapy:

• diet, which is rightfully considered the basis of this type of treatment;
• drug treatment;
• surgery.

I would like to draw attention to the fact that such a pathology as ulcerative colitis is considered an autoimmune disease and therefore its treatment must be continuous for quite a long time.

Treatment must be systematic and constant

The goal of treatment with medications is to prolong the period of remission, as well as prevent the development of new exacerbations. But, unfortunately, with this method of treatment, talking about full recovery impossible, since the pathology is considered incurable.

Regarding proper nutrition and compliance with the development of such pathology, this will primarily help prolong the period of remission. If the patient experiences a period of exacerbation, then it is recommended to completely avoid eating for a while. During this period, it is even forbidden to drink water. In order to support the body during a period of lack of nutrition, the patient is prescribed IVs, which are able to provide the body with all nutrients and fluids.

If the patient is diagnosed with a mild or moderate stage of the disease, then a certain diet is recommended, in which the following foods are allowed:

• lean meat and fish;
• porridge;
• pasta;
• biscuits;
• white bread;
• vegetables;
• mushrooms;
• eggs and dishes prepared from them;
• berries and fruits, which can be eaten both raw and prepared into compotes;
• green.

It is necessary to consume foods that have a positive effect on the gastrointestinal tract

Despite the fact that the list of permitted foods is quite long, there is also the fact that eating food with such a disease is strictly prohibited. These products include:

• fatty, salty, smoked, spicy dishes;
• cabbage, peppers, beets and onions;
• carbonated drinks;
• alcohol.

Among other things, it is recommended to completely abandon all bad habits. Also, when preparing a diet, it is best to seek help from your doctor, who can do this professionally and taking into account all the characteristics of the patient’s body.

As for surgical intervention, for its implementation there must be quite serious indications, which include:

• various intestinal complications;
• toxic dilatation;
• formation of a malignant tumor;
• abscess;
• intestinal obstruction;
• lack of visible results during drug treatment;
• presence of intestinal fistulas;
• formation of polyps;
• dysplasia of the colon mucosa.

Formation of polyps in the intestines

If the patient has at least one of the complications listed above, then treatment for surgery is taken. Surgical intervention is carried out in the following ways:

• palliative surgery is performed;
• carried out radical surgery, the essence of which is complete removal large intestine.

Nonspecific ulcerative colitis is rightfully considered not curable disease. But if you follow all the doctor’s recommendations and follow a diet, you can not only stop its spread, but also prevent exacerbation.

If drug treatment does not lead to the desired results and the ulcer worsens even more, then the answer to the question of what to do in this case is to perform an operation.

Regardless of the chosen method of combating pathology, it is recommended to adhere to a certain diet throughout life, as well as systematically conduct preventive studies. The most important thing in this matter is complete trust between the doctor and the patient.

Conclusion

Nonspecific ulcerative colitis is considered a rather severe pathology, treatment of which should begin immediately and be monitored by the attending physician. Only in this case can you, although not get rid of this disease, prevent its further spread and development of complications. It is also worth considering the fact that in no case should you hesitate and self-medicate when the first symptoms appear. The pathology progresses quite quickly and leads to the fact that over time it is difficult to treat.

The term “UC” hides a very dangerous disease. gastrointestinal tract(GIT), referred to as nonspecific ulcerative colitis. It is accompanied by intestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, fever, and weight loss. If treatment for UC is not started in a timely manner, the disease takes on a chronic form that is difficult to cure.

Therefore, after an apparent improvement, an exacerbation often occurs. Severe forms of the disease can cause complications such as ruptures of the intestinal walls and colon cancer. For such complications that threaten the patient's life, surgical intervention is indicated. Since drug treatment of the disease brings only minor results, treatment of UC with folk remedies is literally considered the only type of therapy that brings results.

Causes of ulcerative colitis

Unfortunately, the causes leading to this disease are still unknown. But experts identify several factors that can cause UC:

• hereditary predisposition;
• past infections;
• imbalance of the immune system;
• neuropsychological characteristics and emotional instability;
• gastrointestinal diseases;
• poor environmental situation.

Disease begins with damage to the rectum and spreads throughout the healthy part of the colon, the submucosal and mucous layers are affected, the inner surface of the intestine is covered with ulcers of various sizes.

The rapid spread of the disease and its severe course contribute to nervous disorders, therefore, treatment is also aimed at restoring psychological balance.

Forms and stages of UC

The severity of the disease indicates what treatment the patient needs. But all its types are aimed at restoration of the mucous and submucous membranes of the colon and rectum.

Therefore, when treating UC with folk remedies, choose herbs that have enveloping and wound-healing properties.

Stages of ulcerative colitis

According to the course of the disease, UC can be divided into stages:

1. Chronic. The disease develops into a chronic disease if treatment is not started on time.
2. Spicy. The appearance of the first signs and symptoms of the disease.
3. Recurrent. An emerging exacerbation after an apparent improvement.

Forms of nonspecific ulcerative colitis

According to severity, the disease can be divided into forms:

1. Light.
2. Moderate weight.
3. Heavy.

At mild form The patient's condition is satisfactory, loose stools occur no more than 5 times a day, possibly with a slight admixture of blood. The severe form is accompanied by fever, loose stools 8 times a day mixed with blood, pus and mucus. Severe forms diseases are treated exclusively in a hospital.

Treatment of UC with traditional methods

Alleviate the course of the disease and cope with it in the future Correctly selected herbal medicine helps, that is, UC is treated with herbs.

Herbal medicine sometimes remains the only treatment option when medicines they find themselves powerless against the disease, and it is too early to resort to surgical intervention.

Suitable Medicinal Herbs

Herbal infusions should have soft action, envelop damaged areas of the colon and rectum, have a wound-healing effect, stop bleeding.

Therefore, herbs used to treat UC must have all these properties. Besides herbal infusions replenish fluid loss and restore the body’s water-salt balance. To treat UC with folk remedies, time-tested herbs and other herbal ingredients are used:

1. Raspberry, strawberry, currant leaves: will help the liver fight the disease.
2. Dried blueberries: will cleanse the intestines of putrefactive substances and help fight cancer cells.
3. Nettle: improves blood clotting, relieves inflammation, cleanses the intestines of rotting products.
4. Peppermint: will help cope with emotional instability, diarrhea, relieve inflammation and spasms, has an antibacterial effect.
5. Chamomile: powerful antimicrobial and antibacterial effect, will relieve spasms.
6. Yarrow: has bactericidal properties that cleanse the intestines of harmful microorganisms, stops diarrhea.
7. Snooze: has a wound healing effect, relieves inflammation, relieves pain, and copes with constipation.
8. Bloodroot: heals ulcers, stops diarrhea.
9. Pomegranate peel: infusions will stop diarrhea, cope with pathogens, and relieve inflammation.
10. Celandine. copes with nervous tension, fights harmful microorganisms, relieves inflammation, helps fight ulcers.
11. Sagebrush: cleanses the intestines of destructive microorganisms.
12. St. John's wort: restores intestinal motility, has anti-inflammatory properties, fights purulent impurities in the stool.
13. Bird's knotweed: heals wounds, relieves spasms and inflammation.
14. Alder: astringent and wound-healing effect, stops intestinal bleeding.

Medicinal infusions are prepared from these herbs. You can combine them into mixtures, as well as brew each one separately. To prepare the mixture, it is enough to take each of the necessary herbs in equal proportions. To increase a certain effect, increase the proportion the right herb. Glycerin can be added to decoctions.

Treatment of the chronic stage of UC

Chronic ulcerative colitis can be accompanied by both diarrhea and constipation. Therefore, treatment of UC with folk remedies should take into account these features:

1. Treatment of colitis accompanied by diarrhea. Herbal teas must include herbs that have astringent properties, for example, yarrow. Take chamomile and yarrow herbs in a ratio of 5:1, add one part each of nettle, St. John's wort and rose hips. The result will be a herbal mixture, the infusion of which will have an increased antibacterial effect, stop diarrhea, cope with rotting and stop bleeding. Brew in a ratio of 1 tbsp. collection per glass of water. The infusion must be placed on water bath, and then let it brew for several hours (you can put it in a thermos overnight). You need to drink a glass before meals.
2. Treatment of colitis accompanied by constipation. Herbal infusions that contain laxative herbs, for example, moth, will help restore motor skills. Take equal parts of chamomile, gooseberry, nettle, mint, valerian root and blueberry fruit. Pour three tablespoons of the mixture into a thermos and pour three glasses of boiling water, leave overnight. Drink one glass before meals. See others in a separate article.

Treatment of acute stage of UC

Treat acute stage helps strong brewed green tea, as it has a strong antimicrobial effect. But bagged tea will not work; you need to buy large-leaf tea.

An important role in treatment acute colitis plays chamomile. The infusion from it should also be strong: you need to take 4 tbsp per glass of water. The infusion should be heated in a water bath for about 20 minutes, then strain. Take it half a glass after meals.

St. John's wort able to stop diarrhea acute attack colitis The herb is taken at the rate of one tablespoon per glass of boiling water. Leave for about half an hour and take a third of a glass three times a day before meals.

Treatment of relapses

At this time, you need to take preparations that increase blood circulation and promote rapid healing of ulcers.

Also, infusions should include herbs that improve blood clotting: St. John's wort, nettle, jasmine, peppermint. These herbs are recommended to be added to other medicinal preparations.

In all cases, treatment of UC with folk remedies is very effective. enemas with sea ​​buckthorn oil . It promotes cell regeneration and rapid healing of wounds and ulcers. Take 50 ml of oil into a small bulb and inject it into the rectum in a lying position. Sea buckthorn enemas are recommended to be done at night. And in the morning you need to take 1-2 tbsp. oils inside and always on an empty stomach.

UC and homeopathy

Although homeopathic methods- there are no longer new methods of treatment, but sooner or later there is a desire to put oneself in the hands of a homeopathic doctor. In this case, you need to choose an experienced, proven and qualified doctor.

Treatment of UC with homeopathy depends on the individual characteristics of the patient, so just talking with a homeopathic doctor takes a lot of time, up to several hours. Based on described symptoms and other characteristics the doctor will select individual treatment , which can start from ordinary herbal medicine and end with massage or acupuncture.

Bolotov-Naumov effect

Those who are trying to cope with the disease have probably heard about Dr. Naumov and the Bolotov-Naumov effect. Research has led to the conclusion that the cause of ulcerative colitis is the malfunction of the muscular valve - pylorus, which separates the stomach cavity from the duodenum.

With low contractility, it remains uncovered for a long time, and as a result, the two environments (stomach and intestines) mix, which leads to various diseases Gastrointestinal tract. The contractility of the valve is impaired due to frequent consumption of alkaline foods. They help restore the functioning of the pylorus recommendations of Dr. Naumov:

1. In 30 minutes After eating, suck on regular salt, preferably large.
2. For chronic disease, he recommends prepare vegetable pulp.
3. Introduce into the diet in small portions: meat, mushrooms, fish, cottage cheese, kefir, pickled vegetables.
4. Drink wormwood infusion 1.5 hours after eating.
5. Prepare kvass from celandine with whey and drink a spoonful of it every two hours.

With the right approach, treatment of UC according to Naumov brings tangible results. When consuming acidic foods, the tone of the pylorus increases, which is called the Bolotov-Naumov effect.

Nonspecific ulcerative colitis is a very dangerous disease that should not be left to chance and think that it will go away on its own. About 10% of cases have death. Therefore, regular treatment will help ease the disease and prevent serious complications.

The disease nonspecific ulcerative colitis (UC), characterized by chronic inflammation intestinal mucosa, occurs as a result of a combination of genetic factors with external reasons, which aggravate symptoms and serve as a sign of disease. The disease tends to worsen and increases the risk of rectal or colon cancer. Timely diagnosis and the measures taken can improve the quality of life and prevent dangerous consequences.

What is ulcerative colitis

UC is accompanied by destruction of intestinal cells and tissues against the background of immunoglobulin deficiency, which provokes the penetration pathogenic microorganisms into the tissue with subsequent inflammation. The disease occurs in the proportion of 100 cases per 100 thousand population. The definition carries a collective semantic load; the disease is divided into forms depending on the location, which, according to international classification ICD-10 codes are K51.

Symptoms

Symptoms of UC in adults have a wide range of manifestations, which leads to a lack of serious concern for the patient and the expectation that it will “go away on its own.” In the opposite cases (fulminant colitis), the patient is sent straight to the hospital. You should contact a specialist if you notice the following symptoms:

1. Blood in the stool is the surest sign. These may be faint marks on toilet paper or bloody clots.
2. Mucus fragments and purulent discharge V feces Oh.
3. Diarrhea, in which the number of diarrhea reaches 20 per day.
4. When the sigmoid region is affected, constipation is characteristic.
5. Tenesmus (false urge to defecate). Often caused by accumulations of pus and mucus that come out instead of feces (rectal spit).
6. Flatulence.
7. Pain in the left side of the abdomen (left-sided colitis).
8. Against the background of intoxication, fever develops and the temperature rises.

Extraintestinal manifestations of UC

Lesions outside the intestine caused by UC are diverse. Some are caused by the ileocolitic form (Crohn's disease) - lesions in the oral cavity, others - chronic form enterocolitis. In total, extraintestinal manifestations occur in no more than 20% of patients. Typical ones include:

• erythema nodosum(inflammation of blood vessels in the skin and subcutaneous fat);
• pyoderma gangrenosum (skin necrosis);
• symptoms of aphthous stomatitis in the oral cavity in the form of erosions;
• various eye lesions: conjunctivitis, keratitis, uveitis, episcleritis, retrobulbar neuritis, choroiditis;
• joint damage in the form of arthritis, increased fragility (osteoporosis) and softening of bones (osteomalacia);
• necrosis of a separate segment bone tissue (aseptic necrosis);
• a third of patients experience lung damage;
• violation endocrine system leads to total damage to the liver, pancreas and biliary tract

Signs of ulcerative colitis of the intestine

As the disease progresses, damage to the mucous membranes intensifies, which leads to the formation of ulcers, sometimes penetrating to the layer muscle tissue. At chronic course peptic ulcer conglomerates of cells (inflammatory polyps) appear, which are formed during the restoration of the affected intestinal epithelium. In severe forms of the disease, the colon thickens, its lumen narrows, and haustra (wall protrusions) disappear. In the acute phase, capillaries dilate in the mucosal epithelium and hemorrhages occur, leading to ischemic necrosis.

Reasons

The exact etiology of the disease has not yet been established. There is a correlation between the psycho-emotional state that provokes the disease. Today, experts are seriously discussing three conceptually acceptable options:

1. Genetic predisposition, including autoimmune disorders. There are a number of studies documenting large quantity patients are the same gene mutations. However, not all people with such pathologies are susceptible to the disease.
2. Infectious pathology.
3. Unfavorable factors external environment: strong contraceptives, strict diets.

Classification

For a systematic classification of UC, it is best to refer to the system of international classification of diseases. In accordance with this system, the disease is divided into forms:

1. Chronic ulcerative enterocolitis (damage to the mucous membrane of the small and large intestines) – K51.0.
2. Chronic ulcerative form of ileocolitis, also known as Crohn's disease (damage to the ileum and colon) - K51.1.
3. Chronic ulcerative form of proctitis (lesions of the rectal mucosa) – K51.2.
4. Chronic ulcerative form of sigmoiditis (lesions of the sigmoid colon) – K51.3
5. Pseudopolyposis (restructuring of intestinal mucous tissues, their dysplasia) – K51.4.
6. Proctocolitis of mucosal type (damage to the rectum, sigmoid and descending part of the transverse colon, including the splenic angle) – K51.5.

Diagnostics

Define distal nonspecific colitis a gastroenterologist can examine a patient and detect a number of specific signs. In addition to the visual inspection, laboratory diagnostics blood. The patient has a decrease in the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin (signs of anemia), an increased number of leukocytes, and C-reactive protein (which is an indicator of inflammation).

At immunological research In the blood of patients, an increase in the level of cytoplasmic antineutrophil antibodies is noted. The following instrumental methods are used:

• endoscopy (rectosigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy) - detect the presence of ulcers, polyps, intestinal bleeding, atrophy of the colon mucosa;
• X-ray - a contrast barium mixture is used, the patient is found to have dilation of the intestinal lumen and the formation of ulcers.

Treatment of ulcerative colitis

Treatment for UC consists of integrated approach symptomatic in nature. The goals of therapy include eliminating immune inflammation with medications, maintaining remission with folk recipes and patient compliance with diet, preventing the occurrence local complications. If classical drug therapy methods do not help cure the patient or their effect is weak, surgery is performed.

Conservative therapy

Treatment of nonspecific ulcerative colitis begins with taking medications. Popular groups of drugs are:

1. Antibiotics - used after surgery, for fevers and sepsis, toxic dilatation of the colon. From available medicines Trichopolum and Metronidazole are isolated at a dose of 10-20 mg/kg per day.
2. Immunosuppressants or cytostatics - prescribed when corticosteroids are ineffective or continuous treatment. Azathioprine, Methotrexate, Cyclosporine are prescribed. The dose is determined by the doctor (from 25 to 100 mg/day), the course of treatment is at least three months.
3. Immunomodulators - Timalin and Taktivin correct immunological imbalances, eliminate the inflammation process, and help cure the disease comprehensively.
4. Angioprotectors – Parmidine, Trental.
5. Enterosorbents – Polyphepan, Karbolen, Enterosgel, Vaulin.
6. Intestinal antiseptics– Intestopan, Furazolidone.
7. Antidiarrheal drugs – Almalox, Reasek, Imodium.
8. Enzymes – Mezim, Creon, Pancreatin.
9. Biological products (pre- and probiotics) – Lactobacterin, Bifikol.

Anti-inflammatory drugs

The first on the list of drugs for the treatment of colitis are non-steroidal drugs with anti-inflammatory effects and glucocorticoids. They are appointed individually and are divided into the following groups:

1. Aminosalicylic acid preparations are salicylates that inhibit the synthesis of inflammatory mediators. These include Sulfasalazine, Mesalazine, Pentasa.
2. Azo compounds – Olsalazin, Balsalazid, Salofalk, Mezakol. Available in the form of tablets, microenemas and rectal suppositories.
3. Hormonal therapy with glucocorticoids - used in the absence of the effect of salicylates, differ quick effect. The drugs are administered rectally or systemically. Popular drugs are Prednisolone and Methylprednisolone at a dose of 1-2 mg/kg body weight for a course of 10-20 weeks.

Diet

Great value has a diet for ulcerative colitis of the colon. During periods of exacerbation, the patient is recommended to fast, only water is allowed. At long-term remission You must adhere to the following nutritional rules:

• reduce the amount of fat, increase the percentage of protein, include in the diet lean fish, meat, cottage cheese, eggs;
• give up coarse fiber, bananas, milk, chocolate, coffee, citrus fruits, strawberries, red apples, baked goods, spicy foods;
• carbohydrates allowed include porridge, honey, jelly, jellies, compotes, and decoctions;
• with high severity of lesions, the patient is transferred to parenteral and enteral nutrition;
• as astringent use pomegranate juice.

Treatment with folk remedies

Chronic colitis accompanied by diarrhea and constipation, recipes will help cure them traditional medicine:

1. Mix chamomile and yarrow in a 5:1 ratio, add equal amounts of nettle, St. John's wort and rose hips. Brew a tablespoon of the mixture with a glass of water or place in a water bath. Drink a glass before meals to stop diarrhea and bleeding and prevent putrefaction.
2. To restore intestinal motility, mix equal amounts of herbs: chamomile, honey, nettle, mint, valerian root, blueberries. Pour three tablespoons into a thermos with three glasses of boiling water overnight. Drink a glass before meals.
3. For the treatment of edema, quick recovery cells and wound healing, it is recommended to do microenemas with sea buckthorn oil. Take 50 ml of oil into a bulb and insert it into the rectum while lying down at night. In the morning, empty your bowels and drink 1-2 tablespoons of oil on an empty stomach.

Surgical treatment

If conservative treatment does not help, surgical intervention is indicated. Types of operations are colectomy (removal of the colon or part thereof), proctocolectomy (removal of the rectum and colon), proctocolectomy with ileostomy (without preserving the anus). The reasons for the operation are:

Nonspecific ulcerative colitis is a complex disease that can destroy a person’s health and cause a lot of harm. It is often accompanied by bleeding, fever,... This disease often referred to using the abbreviation - UC.

With the active intervention of doctors at the initial stage, the disease can be overcome. Launched form becomes chronic, its treatment is difficult, and can ultimately be fatal.

Dangerous due to alternating exacerbations and remissions. During the period of exacerbation they may rupture intestinal walls. Long-term illness sometimes leads to oncological diseases colon. If life-threatening complications begin, surgery is performed. In order not to start the disease, it is necessary to start treatment in a timely manner. The most effective folk remedies, practice shows that drug therapy gives insignificant results.

Ulcerative colitis can be in acute or chronic forms

It is impossible to say for sure why some people develop ulcerative colitis. Doctors were only able to identify a number of directions that lead to such an illness. These are:

• hereditary predisposition;
• disruptions in the immune system;
• psychological aspect;
• harmful effects of the environment;
• gastrointestinal diseases.

The disease progresses in stages. At first, the problems affect only the rectum. Next comes the spread throughout, with the submucosa and mucous layer being affected. Eventually the surface of the intestine becomes ulcerated. The calmer and more balanced a person is, the less danger there is for him from this disease. Stress and nervousness, on the contrary, complicate the course, so therapy for the disease includes restoring emotional stability.

Features of the disease

To determine adequate treatment, you need to know what form of the disease is and what stage the patient is at. Therapeutic manipulations should be carried out in the direction of restoring the mucosa and submucosa of all parts of the intestine. To do this, they use them, endowed with an enveloping effect, capable of healing and relieving inflammation.

UC has several stages:

1. Spicy. This . When symptoms first occur.
2. Chronic.
3. Recurrent. Exacerbation replaces periods of normalcy.

UC has several forms:

• Light (characterized normal condition a patient whose stool occurs no more than 5 times a day, in loose stools blood may be present).
• Moderate weight.
• Severe (disturbs more than 8 times a day, there is blood, pus, mucus in the stool). Requires mandatory hospitalization.

You can learn more about nonspecific ulcerative colitis from the video:

Herbal medicine in the fight against ulcerative colitis

Herbal medicine - excellent remedy in the fight against ulcerative colitis.

Not always medications can cope with UC. If it does not give results, you can turn to the gifts of nature to delay the operation. What medicinal herbs can they help?

These are plants whose infusions and decoctions have a gentle effect on the affected areas, enveloping them and healing them. Taking decoctions is also useful because taking them allows you to replenish the loss of fluid that is characteristic of this condition. The list of herbs that have proven themselves in treating this ailment is given below:

1. Dried blueberries (berries) are a remedy that prevents putrefactive processes and protects against cancer.
2. Strawberry, raspberry, and currant leaves support the liver.
3. Nettle decoctions help improve blood clotting, prevent, relieve inflammation, and relieve the body of pus.
4. Chamomile relieves inflammation, eliminates spasms, and has an antimicrobial effect.
5. Peppermint calms and balances emotional state, reduces spasms, produces an antibacterial effect. This is a remedy for correcting the condition.
6. Yarrow relieves diarrhea due to the presence of substances that have a bactericidal effect.
7. Relieves inflammation, heals affected surfaces, removes pain syndrome. It has a laxative effect and helps with constipation.
8. Cinquefoil has a healing effect and helps fight.
9. Pomegranate (peel) is considered a reliable remedy for diarrhea. Able to relieve inflammation and destroy harmful microorganisms. Infusions are prepared for administration.
10. Celandine has healing, anti-inflammatory properties, destroys pathogenic microflora. Has a beneficial effect on the emotional state, relieves nervous tension, anxiety.
11. Wormwood removes all dangerous microorganisms from the intestines.
12. St. John's wort improves motor skills, removes pus, reduces inflammatory processes in the intestines.
13. Knotweed is a good antispasmodic; it also has a healing, anti-inflammatory effect.
14. Alder helps in the treatment of ulcers, has astringent properties, so it can stop bleeding.

The herbs listed above are good in infusions and decoctions, either on their own or in combination with each other. You can take them in equal quantities or use them in general gathering one herb in more than others. This will help vary the desired effect.

If the decoction is enriched, then beneficial properties drugs will increase.

Chronic UC. How to normalize the situation?

Manifestations of nonspecific ulcerative colitis are constipation.

Manifestations of nonspecific ulcerative colitis are diverse. This may include constipation, diarrhea, pain, etc. discomfort. The specifics of treatment directly depend on those that are present at the moment.

If the disease is accompanied by diarrhea, then herbal teas include components that can stop diarrhea. You can take yarrow and chamomile as a basis. A little nettle and St. John's wort are also added there.

An infusion prepared from such a mixture will stop diarrhea, bleeding, reduce inflammation, and help get rid of rot. One spoon should be brewed with a glass of boiling water. The product will cook better if you keep it in a water bath and then let it sit for a while. The best option– leave in a thermos overnight. Take it in a glass before meals.

If you suffer from colitis, then you need to treat it a little differently. First, we need to restore motor skills. You will need herbs that can stimulate the functioning of the intestines and relieve inflammation. You can mix honey, chamomile, valerian, blueberries, mint, nettle. The preparation proportions are similar: a glass of boiling water per spoon of the mixture. the product is infused in a thermos overnight. Drink a glass before meals.

Acute colitis. Treatment options

We begin the treatment of acute colitis with a cup of green tea.

Treatment begins with simple green tea. You just need to brew it stronger. Its antimicrobial properties are capable of short time eliminate negative factors. Just buy not bags, but normal loose-leaf tea.

You can alternate taking tea with taking chamomile decoction. He must also be strong. 4 tablespoons are poured into a glass of boiling water. This mixture is kept in a water bath for about 20 minutes. When it is strained, it is drunk half a glass after meals.

An acute attack of colitis can be stopped by taking St. John's wort. It is brewed according to classic scheme(a glass of boiling water per spoon of the mixture). There is no need to insist on it for a long time. Half an hour will be enough. The product is drunk 3 times a day, a third of a glass is consumed at a time.

Fighting relapses

The knotweed will help in the fight against relapses.

The speedy normalization of the situation will be facilitated by the healing of ulcers and improved blood circulation in this area. To prevent increased bleeding, you need to take herbs that increase blood clotting.

These are the knotweed, the damselfish, the nettle, and St. John's wort. It is better to take them not separately, but to include them in healing cathedrals. It is advisable to use local treatment methods, for example, with sea buckthorn oil. This is an excellent healing agent.

Enemas are done lying down late in the evening before bed. The volume of injected oil is 50 ml. For the procedure, take a small pear. After waking up, you need to drink 1 - 2 tablespoons of the same oil.

Homeopathy remedies

Often. Trying to get rid of , people try different methods. Homeopathy is one of them. Only self-medication is unacceptable here. We need a qualified homeopathic doctor.

A professional will never approach a task lightly. In order for his treatment not to harm, he must know everything about the patient. Therefore, a banal survey at an appointment can take several hours. The prescribed course of treatment may include medicinal plants, acupuncture, massage.

Bolotov–Naumov effect

We eat a little meat, cottage cheese, fish and normalize the situation.

This disease has its own nuances. It is believed that ulcerative colitis is caused by improper functioning of the pyloric valve. It demarcates the stomach and duodenum.

If it cannot close in time, the contents of the duodenum are mixed. This phenomenon provokes the development of many diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

It was found that it begins to work worse in the case frequent use alkaline food. It was these findings that were called the Bolotov–Naumov effect. Dr. Naumov has developed a number of recommendations that can help normalize the situation:

• Half an hour after eating, dissolve large salt crystals.
• On chronic stage eat vegetable pulp.
• Meat, fish, mushrooms, cottage cheese, kefir should be consumed little by little.
• Drink wormwood infusion half an hour after meals.
• Kvass is prepared from kvass using milk whey. They drink it 2 sips every 2 hours constantly.

These recommendations help restore the tone of the pylorus and correct the situation. You cannot be indifferent to this disease. After all, every 10 people who get ulcerative colitis, according to statistics, die.