Among all the organs that determine serious illnesses dogs, the pancreas is perhaps one of the leaders. Its pathologies arise from various reasons and cause great suffering to our pets.

Almost all ailments associated with this endocrine gland, capable of severe consequences. Therefore, it is very important to show the animal to a veterinarian at the first visible symptoms in order to determine the diagnosis and begin therapy on time.

To what extent can a dog’s pancreas be affected, where do such ailments come from, and how dangerous is this for the animal?

Types of pathologies

Pancreatic diseases in dogs are different in that diagnosing them in the early stages is almost impossible. This difficulty is due to the fact that its functional process is associated with endocrine and exocrine support of digestion.

In the first case, hormones are released, one of which is insulin, in the second - enzymes necessary for digesting food. It is usually possible to detect failures in the performance of these functions when the disturbances have affected almost all organs and systems that are associated with the pancreas.

Important to know! You should not try to determine the malaise yourself. After all, pancreatic pathologies are very serious and require timely treatment. Otherwise, you may lose your pet.

Since the activity of this organ is associated with the production of digestive substances, its two main ailments are identified from this:

exocrine insufficiency– characterized by a deficiency of enzymes that facilitate the digestion of food;
pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas)– caused by premature production of enzymes, which contributes to the destruction of secretory tissue.

Other pancreatic pathologies are observed in dogs, among which pancreatic cirrhosis, hereditary atrophy and insulinoma should be noted. But they usually affect single breeds and do not occur frequently. For example, insulinoma and atrophy are considered diseases of German shepherds (sometimes such ailments are observed in beagles and giant schnauzers). But among dogs of other breeds you can more often find pancreatic cirrhosis (chronic sclerosing pancreatitis), which is mainly a consequence of diabetes.

Therefore, let's look at the first two types of ailments, which are the most common.

Exocrine insufficiency

This type of pancreatic insufficiency in dogs occurs when it creates an enzyme deficiency. This pathology is perhaps the leader among all pancreatic diseases in our pets. It belongs to acquired diseases, however, it has some natural predisposition.

It is believed to be a disease of German Shepherds and Rough Collies. However, this does not mean that other species cannot get sick. Dogs of any breed and at any age can be affected by this condition, although it is more common in young animals. The disease first makes itself felt at a dog's age from one to five years.

The main symptoms manifest themselves in the form of disturbances in the process of absorption and digestion of food. In addition, disruptions in the intestinal microflora make themselves felt.

The pancreas and its insufficiency do not allow the dog to live in peace, since the ailment progresses. The animal suffers from severe diarrhea and rapidly losing weight.

Therefore, the disease is diagnosed in accordance with a thorough and detailed collection of anamnesis, its clinical manifestations and the method of excluding other causes of the above symptoms. But conventional blood tests usually show no changes. And other diagnostic techniques are of little help.

However, you shouldn't be upset. A good specialist will always make an accurate diagnosis, after which enzyme replacement therapy will be prescribed. The animal should receive the enzyme at every feeding (even with treats). Typically this substance is produced in the form of powder or granules.

Important! This addition to food cannot be canceled, as the symptoms of malaise will return again. But continuous enzyme therapy gives favorable hope.

Attack of pancreatitis

Often there is a disease of the pancreas in dogs, such as pancreatitis. This disease is also difficult to diagnose. Usually they find out about it during the period of exacerbation, when the animal is pestered severe vomiting, and the pain is so difficult to bear that he adopts a “praying pose” (front legs extended, chest on the floor, and butt raised up). Often there may be blood in the stool.

Palpation of the peritoneum causes severe pain. Blood and urine tests done at the onset of an attack may indicate elevated levels of amylase. However, in the necrotic form of the disease, the readings of this enzyme may be normal or low.

Acute inflammation of the pancreas in dogs can last for several days and end with complete recovery, or it can turn into a chronic form of pancreatitis.

Previously, it was almost impossible to determine this pathology. Since before today official medicine does not have sensitive diagnostic methods for the pancreas. It is possible to examine its tissue only during laparoscopic surgery or after death.

If the animal is not given timely assistance, it may die. Due to the fact that pancreatitis usually causes peritonitis, which, in turn, causes acute renal or respiratory failure. What if in simple words, then the sick pet’s kidneys immediately fail, and then he stops breathing. To prevent this from happening, at the first sign of this ailment, urgently transport your pet to a veterinary clinic.

At the slightest suspicion of acute pancreatitis, it is better to start immediately intensive care. Let it be in vain, this special harm won't bring it. But timely treatment will save your four-legged friend’s life.

Symptoms of pathology

The main pathological symptoms of the pancreas in dogs are similar. As a rule, they make themselves felt:

frequent foamy diarrhea with a strong stench that occurs without any reason;
an excessive desire to eat all the time (an animal can even eat its own feces) against the background of sudden weight loss;
general weakness and constant urge to defecate;
vomiting;
flatulence throughout the gastrointestinal tract and the release of foul-smelling gases, etc.

As already noted, the pancreas in dogs requires immediate treatment. It is a great honor that the pathologies of this important organ can be therapeutic effects, if it is started in a timely manner and carried out regularly. In such pathologies, a special place is given to dietary feeding of the animal.

Pancreatic diseases cannot be completely cured. However, if you follow all the veterinarian’s recommendations regarding feeding and treatment methods, your pet can live a long and happy life without pain and discomfort caused by disturbances in this important organ.

However, in some cases, surgical intervention can be used. And to avoid this need, any pancreatic ailments cannot be ignored. After all, this could cost the life of your pet. Be careful!

Pancreatitis in dogs. Veterinary clinic Bio-Vet

About the author

My name is Andrey, I have been a diabetic for over 35 years. Thank you for visiting my site Diabay about helping people with diabetes.

I write articles about various diseases and personally advise people in Moscow who need help, since over decades of my life I have personal experience I have seen many things, tried many remedies and medicines. In the current year 2019, technology is developing very much, people do not know about many things that were invented in at the moment for a comfortable life for diabetics, so I found my goal and help, to the best of my ability, people suffering from diabetes to live easier and happier.

Successful treatment of any disease depends on early recognition of symptoms, competent diagnostics and subsequent prevention. The more attentive the owner is to his four-legged pet, the lower the chance of complications of the disease. One of the serious diseases is pancreatitis in dogs. If you don't take care of your dog's health in time, there may be dangerous consequences that threaten his life.

Pancreatitis always occurs for one reason, it is the same, both for dogs and for people - these are problems in the functioning of the pancreas caused by its inflammation.

The inflamed organ cannot perform its functions fully, so pancreatic insufficiency occurs, characterized by low production of enzymes. Enzymes perform vital important function in the body, they digest all food entering the gastrointestinal tract.

The mechanism for digesting incoming food in dogs has the following scheme - first the food is chewed, salivary enzymes in the mouth help it break down into smaller particles, after which it enters the stomach. The last stage is when food enters the duodenum, where enzymes act on it, only after which the absorption of nutrients occurs.

Inflammation of the pancreas is possible due to several reasons:

More often main reason is poor dog nutrition. The dog's body is set up to digest raw meat, for this purpose, special enzymes are produced that can digest meat in its raw form. The main food mistakes are feeding sausages, overcooked foods, sweets, spicy and salty foods, and canned food. Against this background, the pancreas malfunctions. Enzymes aimed at digesting raw products simply have nothing to digest, although they will continue to be produced.
Pancreatitis occurs due to harmful microbes entering the body. You need to monitor the food your dog eats. Products must be fresh, free from rot. It is forbidden to feed the dog from dirty surfaces, such as the ground. You need to make sure that four-legged pet didn't eat slop. Microorganisms that enter the dog’s body along with food can cause inflammation of the pancreas and subsequent infectious disease.
Vitamins and minerals “tune” the animal’s body to correct work, it is important that the dog’s daily diet is rich and balanced.
A number of diseases“hit” the dog’s pancreas, these include ulcers, liver and kidney diseases, gall bladder problems,.
Scientists agree that pancreatitis has genetic background. Toy poodles and others are especially susceptible to this disease.

Symptoms of pancreatitis in dogs

Pancreatitis occurs in two forms. The acute course of the disease occurs unexpectedly, is characterized by pronounced symptoms, strong painful sensations. In this case, it is difficult not to notice that the dog is suffering. Without emergency assistance in case of exacerbation of pancreatitis, it cannot be avoided.

Symptoms include:

, in some cases the dog may refuse to drink.
The dog is being tortured severe attacks vomiting, which may get worse if your pet tries to eat something.
Stool disorders are characteristic, namely.
Against the background of diarrhea, the dog suddenly loses weight.
Dehydration of the body occurs; this can be checked by examining the mucous membrane of the mouth; it will be dry.
The dog experiences itchy skin.
An elevated body temperature is characteristic, this is especially often recorded when acute pancreatitis occurs due to the activity of harmful microorganisms and bacteria.

Chronic pancreatitis continues for a long time, the symptoms of the disease are quite vague, in some cases they are completely absent. Because of this, complications of the disease may arise, because all this time there is a slow destruction of the pancreas.

Symptoms include:

Gradual weight loss for no apparent reason, because the dog has a good appetite, no problems with stool, and no bouts of vomiting.
The dog's coat does not look healthy, loses its former shine, and may begin to fall out.
The animal's feces may slightly change their structure - become too dense or, conversely, creamy.
From time to time, the dog is bothered by bloating; in some cases, the owner may notice this on his own while palpating the abdominal cavity. The front wall of the abdomen may also be tense and hard.
From time to time the mood and general condition the dog changes dramatically without visible reasons. The dog may look unhappy at times, refuse to go for walks, or sleep more than usual.

Any of these symptoms is a reason to visit a veterinary clinic, where an initial assessment of the dog’s condition and a full diagnosis will be carried out.

Detection and treatment of pancreatitis in dogs

If pancreatitis is suspected, the owner’s main task is to contact a veterinarian. Before diagnosis, the dog is allowed to be fed only on a special diet; the dog is given drinking water and digested porridge in water without additives. If the animal suffers from bouts of vomiting and diarrhea even on such a diet, food is completely excluded, leaving only water in the diet.

Trying to cure a dog on your own is prohibited; medications and traditional methods can aggravate the situation. In the event of an acute attack of pancreatitis, you cannot delay time; you need to call a veterinarian immediately. The life of a pet may be at stake, because the body cannot cope with the load, a huge amount of toxins are released into the blood, poisoning vital organs - the heart, liver, kidneys and others.

The veterinarian will use the following diagnostic methods:

Questioning the dog's owner about the presence of certain symptoms.
Examination of the dog, palpation of the abdominal cavity.
X-ray.
General urine and blood tests.
Gastroscopy.
Biopsy.

The list of tests and studies may vary depending on the course of the disease.

Further treatment for your pet will depend on the form of pancreatitis and the cause of its occurrence.

If a dog suffers from vomiting and diarrhea, the doctor will, first of all, prescribe medications aimed at normalizing stool and restoring water-salt balance. At similar signs Dehydration is quite common in dogs.

If the dog is in pain, antispasmodics and analgesics are prescribed. The veterinarian can prescribe intramuscular injections of the drug Butorphanol or administer a solution of No-shpa, Eufillin.

An important task of the doctor is to reduce production in a short time hydrochloric acid in the pancreas, famotidine or omeprazole is prescribed for this.

After the doctor carries out the initial emergency treatment of the consequences of pancreatitis, you need to direct all efforts to combat the causes that caused inflammation of the pancreas. For example, if the cause lies in an infection that has entered the dog’s body, then antibiotic therapy is carried out. In cases where diabetes mellitus is to blame, insulin treatment is prescribed.

In some cases, surgery is required. Surgeries are usually prescribed for chronic pancreatitis, when irreversible changes have already occurred. Surgically remove pancreatic cysts, ulcers, clean the ducts.

Pancreatitis in a dog is no joke. Inflammation of the pancreas in a dog cannot go away without consequences. Sooner or later complications will make themselves felt. One of them is diabetes mellitus. Fortunately, you can cure a mustache with diabetes if you catch it in time. People, unfortunately, have to suffer all their lives because of this disease. We will tell you in our material how to identify the symptoms and how to treat your dog for pancreatitis!

When a dog has pancreatitis, the pancreas becomes inflamed; its ducts become so narrowed due to swelling that the secretion of the gland cannot enter the gastrointestinal tract through them. The inflamed organ hurts greatly. Both the local temperature (at the site of inflammation, but of course it cannot be measured) and the general temperature rise. Metabolic processes slow down.

But why do dogs develop pancreatitis? What types does it come in? Which clinical signs Will they tell you that the animal urgently needs help from a veterinarian? We read about this further.

What causes a dog to develop pancreatitis? Here are the three main ones, but don’t forget about the predisposing factors:

Poor nutrition

Inflammatory processes in the pancreas can be caused poor nutrition. Yes, it’s not just gastritis or an ulcer that can occur in a dog who eats something unknown. Pancreatitis will also overtake a pet whose menu is incorrectly composed. Most often, the disease is provoked by fatty, fried and spiced foods (spicy). Smoked meats and other delicacies from the “human” table. But even if everything is prepared according to “dog rules,” there is a risk that the animal will have digestive problems due to vitamin deficiency and hypoelementosis (the diet must be properly balanced).

Infectious diseases

Some pathogens affect the pancreas. For example, plague, parvovirus enteritis, viral hepatitis, adenovirosis, leptospirosis. Timely vaccination helps reduce the risk of your pet contracting dangerous infections.

Liver diseases

The same hepatitis or cirrhosis in a dog can lead to pancreatitis. Even the stones in gallbladder or blockage of the liver ducts by them leads to serious complications, including inflammation of the dog’s pancreas.

Types of pancreatitis

According to the classification, inflammation can be acute or chronic. Primary and secondary pancreatitis are also distinguished. When a disease is isolated as the main disease, it is the primary form. And if this is only a symptom of other diseases, the disease is given a name - secondary. Typically, secondary pancreatitis occurs against the background of infectious lesions or inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract.

Complications

If the case is advanced, the pet may develop necrosis of the pancreas, and this, in turn, can develop into peritonitis. In this case, the animal will require surgical intervention, otherwise death is possible.

In rare cases, doctors diagnose sepsis or blood poisoning. Just as rarely, they encounter constriction of the bile ducts. Among other things, a dog with chronic pancreatitis, as already mentioned, can develop diabetes.

Symptoms

How to identify pancreatitis in dogs? Symptoms of this disease are not always noticed by the owner immediately. Sometimes they are so “faint” that the owner does not even know about the illness.

Appetite

The first thing that catches your eye is the change in appetite. Either it noticeably decreases, or the pet completely refuses food, but drinks a lot.
Due to poor appetite, the animal quickly weakens and loses a lot of weight. Depleted.

Painful sensations

The inflamed organ is very painful. And you can suspect that it is the pancreas that is bothering the mustachioer if, when palpating the navel area and a little to the left, his dog begins to noticeably worry, struggle and even squeal.

Vomiting and diarrhea

Severe vomiting and diarrhea - serious symptom pancreatitis in a dog. Despite exhaustion, the pet has a round belly. This occurs due to severe bloating.

Other symptoms

Other possible symptoms Pancreatitis in a dog:

The mucous membrane in the oral cavity dries out.
In acute pancreatitis, the dog's general body temperature rises. In chronic cases, it can increase only by tenths of a degree, which goes unnoticed. Fever is recorded only during periods of exacerbation of the disease.
Frequent urination.
The amount of glucose in the blood increases, and sugar appears in the urine. This is a symptom of diabetes. If you examine blood and urine, then with pancreatitis an increase in amylase is recorded.
ESR increases (it is higher than normal during any inflammatory process in the body).
Feces also change. In some cases, they become watery and resemble ointment. In others, on the contrary, they are too dense.

Diagnosis of pancreatitis in dogs

Correct diagnosis is half the treatment. The only problem is that the analysis of four-legged friends is completely different from that of humans. For example, if a person has a lot of amylase and lipase in the blood, this is a clear signal of the presence of pancreatitis. And for a sick dog, the tests will be fine. Therefore, in addition to a blood test, the pet will have to undergo many other medical procedures, namely:

TIRT;
biopsy;
urine test;
X-ray of the abdominal cavity.

Among other things, the animal is subjected to visual inspection - palpation.

It is not at all necessary that the dog will have to undergo the entire range of studies. The veterinarian will determine which tests your pet needs to undergo based on the results. initial examination. Only after data on all procedures has been collected will full treatment of pancreatitis in a dog begin.

Treatment of a dog with pancreatitis

How to treat pancreatitis in a dog? For therapy to produce results, the first step is to identify and eliminate the root cause. Only after this it is necessary to start treatment. Most often, antibiotics are prescribed (even for viral diseases, to exclude secondary infection), antispasmodics (to allow gland secretions to pass through the ducts more easily), and analgesics (to reduce pain). But in any case, without proper nutrition it will not be possible to achieve a positive result.

Pancreatitis in a dog - treatment regimen

On the first day you will have to put your pet on a starvation diet. You can give water, even in small quantities. But you can drink often, as indicated in the table. Otherwise, the inevitable stretching of the stomach and the next portion of enzymes are guaranteed for the dog.
To avoid dehydration, doctors inject saline intravenously and under the skin. But this practice is only used when the animal is documented to be dehydrated.
If the course of the disease is acute, the doctor, based on observation, decides to prescribe drugs: antiemetics, painkillers, anti-inflammatory.
Treatment with antibiotics and probiotics is also possible according to the doctor’s decision.

If you feed your pet natural food, then keep the amount of carbohydrates to a minimum. They cannot be completely excluded; after all, any product is important for metabolism. Of course, fried, smoked, spiced and other prohibited “delicacies” are prohibited. Vitamin therapy is also necessary. In case the mustache eats industrial feed, then everything is much simpler. Full of specialized food for pets with digestive problems.

Prevention of pancreatitis in dogs

Prevention of pancreatitis in dogs is to minimize, or even completely eliminate, the impact of etiological factors (causes). For example, monitor your pet’s diet. Do not give anything expired or spoiled. Don't forget about vaccinations. It's not that complicated.

Feeding a dog with pancreatitis

The diet of dogs with pancreatitis includes a set of measures aimed at reducing the production of enzymes. The modified diet includes more vitamins and microelements, and it should also be easily digestible.

Dry dog food for pancreatitis is changed to food that is more suitable for a sick dog in terms of absorption. If the food is natural, then the requirements for products are also stricter.

The sick are fed often, but little by little. There is even a term for this case - fractional meals. It is worth considering that water should also not be given in large quantities. Liquid also helps to stretch the stomach, just like food. This can provoke the pancreas, and it will release another portion of enzymes, which will immediately begin to eat away the walls of the stomach.

The animal must be given water in any case, so doctors calculated the amount of liquid that will not harm the dog. In table form it looks like this:

up to 10 kg – 1-2 teaspoons per hour;
10-20 kg – 1-2 tablespoons per hour.
20-30 kg – 100-200 grams per hour;
more than 30 – 300 grams per hour.

The dosage of water is increased as clinical indicators improve.

One of the important principles of feeding a dog with pancreatitis is to reduce the caloric content of food. If we take products as a basis, it could be:

boiled white meat;
low-calorie yogurt;
cottage cheese without dyes and other additives.

After your pet begins to feel better during treatment, you can add a little boiled rice or oatmeal.

If a dog has acute pancreatitis of the primary type, then after relieving symptoms and therapy with dietary nutrition You can return to the dog’s usual diet, unless, of course, it was the cause of the disease. In the case when it happens chronic exacerbation disease, a diet for dogs with pancreatitis will remain on the menu forever.

Still have questions? You can ask them to our site's resident veterinarian in the comment box below, who will respond to them as soon as possible.

The pancreas becomes inflamed as a result of the following factors:

Poor nutrition. Failure to comply with the ratio of carbohydrates, fat, protein leads to violations metabolic processes, inflammation.
Hereditary and breed predisposition.
Complications infectious diseases.
Surgical operations in abdominal cavity.
Side effects of medications.
Poisoning with spoiled and unusual feed. Feeding fatty foods.
Neoplasms.

Symptoms

There are acute and permanent pancreatitis. Characteristic signs of manifest, and chronic inflammation are the following:

Lethargy.
Anorexia.
Thirst.
Depression, feeling of anxiety.
Pain on palpation of the abdomen.
Antiperistalsis.
Intestinal flatulence, manifested by bloating.
Digestive disorder. The acute course of the disease is characterized by diarrhea with acidic pungent odor. With the permanent form of pancreatitis, constipation is observed.
Hyperglycemia, accompanied by dry mucous membranes and skin itching.
Hyperthermia.
Cardiac pathologies.
Yellowness of mucous membranes.
The wool loses its shine and falls off.

Diagnostics

Before starting treatment, the cause of inflammation of the pancreas is determined. Otherwise, after stopping the attack, a relapse is possible. When making a final diagnosis, it is necessary to exclude the following diseases that have similar symptoms:

Infectious.
Diabetes mellitus.
Worm infestation.
Digestive disorders.
Pyelonephritis.

Methods laboratory diagnostics provide the following tests:

Biochemical and standard blood test.
TIRT - trypsin immunoreactivity test.
Biopsy.
Radiography.

Treatment

Treatment of pancreatitis focuses on the following areas:

Eliminate symptoms.
Elimination of causes.
Diet therapy

Eliminating symptoms

Diagnosing the cause of the disease takes time, during which increasing changes can kill the animal. Therefore they appoint symptomatic treatment directed against the following symptoms:

Stopping regurgitation. Vomiting is a protective mechanism that removes products that provoke the production of enzymes that cause self-digestion of the pancreatic gland. Therefore, a fasting diet is prescribed for a period of a day or more, at the discretion of the doctor. At the same time, antiemetics are administered. To prevent reflex antiperistaltic contractions of smooth muscles, not oral, but injectable drugs are used, mainly Metoclopramide (Cerucal).
Pain relief. Don't underestimate the consequences painful shock caused by spasms of smooth muscles. The doctor prescribes Baralgiin, Ketofen, Papaverine, No-Shpa.
Fight against dehydration. Agents that restore electrolyte balance are injected subcutaneously or intravenously.

Elimination of causes

Consists of treating the underlying disease. Antibiotics are in demand - cephalosporins, penicillins or fluoroquinolones, anthelmintics, hepatoprotectors and pacemakers.

Diet therapy

After the vomiting stops, the dog's nutrition is restored. The main condition is compliance with the ratio of carbohydrates, lipids and protein in a hundred-kilocalorie portion, as well as the presence of vitamins, minerals, and other nutritional components. Such conditions are met when using ready-made feed, intended for dogs with pancreatitis. An animal suffering from inflammation of the pancreas has to learn to eat again. So he likes little puppy, prescribe six meals a day in small portions. It is necessary to normalize water consumption so as not to provoke excessive secretion of enzymes, as a reaction to a full stomach.

Self-confidence of adherents natural nutrition has more than once become the cause of the premature death of a pet, so you should rely not on your own opinion, but on recommendations veterinary specialist. The option of feeding the dog dietary food for life has not been ruled out.

Prevention

Preventing inflammation of the pancreas involves performing the following measures:

Security rational nutrition. Dog breeders do not have the professional knowledge and skills to prepare nutritious food from natural products. Therefore, it is rational to use ready-made food with the addition of natural food as an additional source. You should not get carried away with feeding your pet leftover human food.
Prevention of infectious diseases. It involves regularly immunizing your dog.
Periodic deworming.

A dog is a friend and a member of the family, so that it gets sick less, it must be treated like a human being.

The human body is a reasonable and fairly balanced mechanism.

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Pancreatitis in Chihuahuas: symptoms and treatment

Pancreatitis in dogs: symptoms and treatment

Pancreatitis in dogs is a disease in which the pancreas becomes inflamed. The activity of the organ is disrupted, which leads to a deterioration in the patency of its ducts. If the disease is not diagnosed in time and treatment is not started, a number of complications may develop, including disruption of the entire endocrine system dogs and even the death of the animal. Some of its varieties proceed almost with complete absence symptoms, so identifying it is sometimes quite difficult.

In a healthy dog, enzymes that are formed in the pancreas are removed from it and enter the duodenum. Pancreatitis occurs when these enzymes stagnate in the gland, causing inflammation. At the same time, toxins begin to enter the bloodstream, which can damage many organs of the animal - lungs, kidneys, brain, liver and heart.

The disease is of two types - primary and secondary. The main cause of primary pancreatitis is improper feeding of the dog. If her diet contains a large amount of fatty foods, sweets and smoked foods, the digestive system malfunctions. Poisoning a dog with chemicals, poisons or spoiled food can also lead to the development of the disease.

Secondary pancreatitis occurs due to other diseases:

stomach ulcers, tumors, biliary tract diseases;
pathologies in the development of the gallbladder or pancreas;
worms, demodicosis, fungal diseases;
diabetes mellitus;
liver diseases – hepatitis, cirrhosis, etc.;
viral diseases - plague, enteritis, etc.

The development of pancreatitis is facilitated by a dog's obesity, a sudden transition to another type of feeding (especially in older dogs), and recent surgery. Heredity can also become a provoking factor in the occurrence of pancreatitis. Dogs of the following breeds are more susceptible to this disease: toy poodle, spaniel, miniature schnauzer, collie, Yorkshire terrier and boxer.

This disease has two forms - acute and chronic. Acute pancreatitis is extremely dangerous for a dog’s life and, in the absence of timely help, can quickly lead to the death of the pet. This type of pancreatitis is characterized the following symptoms:

The abdomen is swollen and hard to the touch. If you touch it, the dog whines or squeals - this clearly causes him pain. There is a feeling of overflow and murmur in the stomach.
Lack of appetite. The dog eats very little or refuses food at all. She looks tired, distracted, lethargic.
Heavy breathing, rapid heartbeat, elevated temperature. When examining the eyelids and lips, you can notice a yellowing of their mucous membranes.
Frequent attacks of vomiting, especially after eating. Diarrhea occurs periodically, with feces having a sharp sour smell.
Dehydration. Pancreatitis is characterized by loss of fluid in the body, which is why the dog begins to drink a lot of water.

Symptoms chronic pancreatitis are much less pronounced, so it is quite difficult to detect. This is where its danger lies - with a sluggish course of the disease, the pancreas is slowly destroyed until it leads to a critical condition. We should be wary following signs:

poor appetite;
tight stomach;
vomiting after eating;

losing weight for a dog;
lethargy, inactivity;

dry skin, itching;
dullness of fur.

Any of these symptoms requires urgent contact with a veterinarian, who will prescribe a series of examinations to identify the disease.

If pancreatitis is suspected in a dog, veterinarian prescribes the following examinations:

studying symptoms, palpating the abdominal cavity;
blood tests - biochemical and clinical;
urine test;
ultrasound examination;
X-ray of the abdominal cavity.

Only a doctor can diagnose the disease and prescribe a course of therapy based on all the examinations and tests performed. Self-treatment It is strictly forbidden to practice, since the dog’s condition can only worsen.

In the acute phase of the disease, the following medications are usually prescribed:

painkillers - usually Butorphanol intramuscularly; antispasmodics to reduce pressure in the pancreatic channels - “Eufillin”, papaverine or “No-shpa”;
antiemetics - “Serenia”, “Cerucal”, “Ondansetron”, “Latran”.

If there is a risk of a bacterial infection, a course of antibiotics, such as ampicillin or penicillin, may be prescribed.

If a dog has an acute attack of pancreatitis, it is necessary to put it on a starvation diet and not give food for 1-2 days. You also need to water your dog carefully, giving it water in small portions. After a couple of days, you can start feeding the animal again, adhering to following rules:

food should be crushed and given to the dog in small portions;
should be fed every 2-3 hours;
reduce fats and carbohydrates in the diet;
give more protein foods;
food should be warm, but not hot;
completely eliminate sour, fried, smoked, sweet and fatty foods, fresh bread, sausages, cereals, as well as vegetables - radishes, cabbage, spinach, sorrel, corn, greens.

The correct diet is prescribed by a veterinarian, based on the physiological characteristics of the dog and the form of the disease.

After pancreatitis, the dog’s body is very weakened, so it is temporarily recommended to feed it light food, the same as during the illness.

To prevent the development of this disease, the following preventive measures should be observed:

regularly give your dog raw meat, grated vegetables and fruits, cereals, dairy products;
exclude salty, sweet, spicy, fatty and smoked foods;

If the dog has genetic predisposition illness, you need to consult a doctor about medications that strengthen the pancreas.

We invite you to watch a video where you can learn more about pancreatitis in dogs, what the symptoms are and how this disease is treated.

Some forms of pancreatitis occur without any symptoms at all, but the dog may suffer for years, and its body may undergo dangerous changes. Have you encountered anything similar? How did you determine that your dog was sick? Tell your story in the comments.

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Pancreatitis in a Chihuahua

Published: December 4, 2014 at 12:39 pm

Inflammation of the glandular tissue of the pancreas indicates the occurrence of a disease such as pancreatitis in dogs. If we talk about Chihuahua dogs, quite often owners bring their pets who have some symptoms that indicate the presence of a disease. Pancreatitis in Chihuahuas is accompanied by diarrhea, rumbling in the stomach, as well as vomiting and constant shedding. The dog suffers from abdominal pain, which only indicates an urgent visit to the veterinarian.

Talking about symptoms of this disease, it is worth noting a decrease in appetite, as well as a complete refusal to eat. At the same time, the dog behaves extremely restlessly, and by running over the stomach, you can notice how the Chihuahua becomes unpleasant and uncomfortable. With pancreatitis in dogs, the body temperature rises noticeably. You may notice a sharp weight loss in your Chihuahua, as well as frequent urge to urination. In this case, you need to contact a veterinarian, since similar illness under no circumstances is it possible.

If the pet owner does not contact the veterinarian in time, it is likely that the disease may develop into a more complex form. The veterinarian will prescribe a special diet and also prescribe certain medications for a speedy recovery.

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pancreatitis - chihuahua kennel Flower Show

Inflammatory disease of the pancreas. Pancreatitis is classified according to the duration of its course and the rate of increase in symptoms into acute and chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatitis in animals can be caused by infections, poisonous components of the diet. Pancreatitis can be primary or secondary, resulting from diseases of other organs. There is no complete understanding and definition of the processes occurring in the gland during its inflammation. It is believed that this is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas, resulting from damage to acinar cells, hypersecretion under gastric juice and difficulties in its outflow with increased pressure in the pancreatic duct and activation of enzymes in the gland itself. In the gland itself one can detect processes of necrosis, destruction, edema, proliferation, that is, all signs of inflammatory phenomena. Acute pancreatitis is defined as autolysis (self-digestion) of an organ due to the activation of proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes within the gland, while activation usually occurs in the intestine. Chronic pancreatitis is an inflammatory process in the pancreas, characterized by local necrosis in combination with diffuse or segmental fibrosis. With chronic pancreatitis, exacerbations are possible, the formation of cysts and calcifications, accompanied by a decrease in the exocrine function of the gland. Chronic pancreatitis is often a consequence of a protracted course of acute pancreatitis, having common etiological and pathogenetic mechanisms of development with it. Similar to medical observations in animals, acute pancreatitis in most cases is associated with two factors: acute infection or poisoning. Exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis can occur as a result of gross violations in the diet or overfeeding. According to the nature of the inflammation, hemorrhagic, purulent, abscessing, diffuse, calculous, parenchymal, and phlegmous pancreatitis are distinguished pathomorphologically. Hemorrhagic inflammation is characterized by hemorrhagic penetration of pancreatic tissue, autolysis and necrosis. Purulent pancreatitis occurs with suppuration of pancreatic tissue. A type of purulent pancreatitis is abscess pancreatitis, which occurs with the formation of multiple abscesses in the pancreas. With diffuse pancreatitis, the inflammatory process covers the entire gland. Calculous pancreatitis is caused by the presence of stones or foci of calcification in the gland. In parenchymal pancreatitis, the pancreatic parenchyma is predominantly affected. Phlegmonous pancreatitis is characterized by diffuse purulent lesion pancreatic tissue. Due to the fact that in farm animals pancreatitis often occurs in parallel with acute infections or poisonings, it has rarely been considered as a independent disease and especially not treated. The disease occurs in cattle, horses, dogs, and cats. Adenoviral pancreatitis is also recorded in birds. Obviously they are sick fur animals and animals of other species, but due to the difficulty of intravital diagnosis, the disease often remains undifferentiated. In cats, intravital diagnosis of pancreatitis is very difficult, since they often die quickly, however, acute pancreatitis is recorded in 0.4% of cases, chronic - in 0.9% of the total number of sick animals adopted. The causes of pancreatitis may be infectious diseases(plague, viral hepatitis, parainfluenza-3, viral diarrhea, dysentery, etc.), in cats - panleukopenia, in cattle - eurythrematosis (invasive disease). A common cause of pancreatitis in animals are toxins of pathogenic fungi, products of rotting proteins, rancidity of fats, and chemicals (lead, mercury, arsenic, fluorine, pesticides). Pancreatitis can develop as a result of ketosis, secondary osteodystrophy, nutritional osteodystrophy, severe diabetes mellitus, various diseases digestive organs (diarrhea syndrome, enteritis, gastroenteritis, colitis). Chronic pancreatitis is often a consequence of cholecystitis, cholangitis, hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, being an example of polyetiology. Excessive protein feeding of herbivores, as well as protein starvation itself, irrational use of antibiotics, glucocorticoids and other medications. Protein overfeeding and feeding feed rich in fats cause sensitization of the body with protein metabolites, which creates favorable conditions for the development of allergic pancreatitis. Pancreatitis provokes difficulty in the passage of pancreatic juice through the pancreatic ducts due to their congenital or acquired deformation, narrowing, epithelial metaplasia, blockage of the ducts with mucus, stones, compression of them by extra- and intra-pancreatic formations. This is what leads to stagnation of enzymes, their activation and destruction of the gland itself. Pancreatitis can occur due to hyperparathyroidism, when the main factor is an increase in blood calcium, which is involved in the activation of trypsin and lipase. Pancreatitis can occur due to the formation of a cyst in the pancreas and mechanical disruption of the outflow of juice. There are cases of pancreatitis in dogs when using glucocorticosteroids and other drugs. The pathogenesis of the development of inflammation of the pancreas is the destruction of pancreatic tissue by its own digestive enzymes. Under conditions of hypersecretion and impaired outflow of pancreatic juice, activation of the pancreas' own enzymes (trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase, lipase, phospholipase, etc.) occurs, followed by enzymatic damage to the gland tissue. Under the influence of etiological factors, profound disturbances in the physiology of the pancreas occur: trypsinogen, chymotrypsin, proelastase and prophosphorylase A are activated directly in the pancreas, and not in the duodenum. Activated proteolytic enzymes, especially trypsin, not only digest pancreatic tissue, but can activate elastase and phosphorylase, which can destroy cell membranes. Edema, vascular damage, coagulation and fat necrosis develop. Activation and release of inflammatory mediators (bradykines, histamine) lead to increased edema. Thus the sequence develops inflammatory reactions, which ultimately leads to necrotizing acute pancreatitis. Subsequently, if the acute inflammatory process does not stop, coagulation necrosis begins to appear and fibrosis, which are characteristic of chronic pancreatitis, begins to form. Activation of proelastase and prophosphorylase is accompanied by the breakdown of fats and the accumulation of fatty acids in pancreatic cells; develops them fatty degeneration. With prolonged protein malnutrition, the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis is the development of atrophy and fibrosis. Excess protein in diets (ketosis) leads to functional tension of gland cells, impaired regeneration, and destruction of pancreatic cells. There is such a disease as congenital acinar atrophy of the pancreas in the German shepherd, which was accompanied by destabilization of zymogen granules and premature activity of trypsin and chymotrypsin. The disease is manifested by a decrease in the size of the gland, decreased blood flow and, of course, significant exocrine insufficiency. The most important factors the development of chronic pancreatitis are chronic diseases of other organs of the digestive system. Thus, dyskinesia and impaired bile outflow, chronic gastroenteritis, inflammation and swelling of the mucous membrane of the 12-point intestine, where the gland ducts open, chronic intoxication with low-quality dry food, excessive protein feeding by herbivores, and excessive carbohydrate feeding by carnivores, can lead to secondary pancreatitis. Clinical picture and symptomatology of the disease. Acute pancreatitis is characterized by an acute onset and pain. Pain syndrome is caused by impaired outflow of pancreatic juice, swelling of the pancreas, compression of nerve endings by fibrous tissue and other reasons. The pain syndrome is especially pronounced in acute pancreatitis, exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis, tumors, pancreatic cysts. Animals take unnatural positions, hunch over, groan, feel fear, a picture of colic develops: they worry, look around at the epigastric region, etc. Dogs, cats, and pigs often vomit. When palpating the abdomen in small animals, pain is expressed. Pain syndrome manifests itself during exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis. In addition to the pain syndrome with pancreatitis, yellowness of the mucous membranes can be noted due to compression of the common bile duct by the edematous gland. In chronic pancreatitis, pain, dyspeptic, cholestatic syndrome, signs of jaundice, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency with progressive emaciation are noted. Along with signs of pancreatitis, symptoms of damage to the liver and biliary tract, intestines, and kidneys are observed. Chronic pancreatitis is characterized by signs of pancreatic insufficiency: diarrhea, steatherea, bloating (flatulence), enteritis, enterocolitis. The animal's fatness decreases. The activity of amylase, lipase and trypsin in blood serum was slightly changed. If there are stones in the pancreas, pain prevails in the clinic, constipation is noted, and pain along the large intestine is caused by irritation of the nerve trunks passing in the area where the pancreas is located. The activity of blood amylase is increased. Chronic recurrent pancreatitis during exacerbation resembles acute pancreatitis. Provoking factors for relapse are often errors in feeding, stress, infection, seizures biliary colic etc. Of the clinical manifestations of exacerbation, the main one is pain. In addition, nausea, vomiting, intestinal flatulence, constipation, followed by diarrhea are noted. Weakening or disappearance of bowel sounds. Protein and casts are found in the urine, and an increase in the content of residual nitrogen is found in the blood. The calcium content in the blood serum decreases, as well as total protein, albumin, hyperbilirubinemia, alkaline phosphatase activity increases, and hypercholesterolemia. Characteristic changes in activity pancreatic enzymes: pronounced fermentemia and fermenturia. Data on the activity of a-amylase and elastase in blood serum and urine are especially informative: they are observed sharp increase. Diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis in animals is difficult; comprehensive studies and long-term follow-up with a thorough history taking. Acute pancreatitis and exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis are characterized by the sudden onset of the disease after feeding low-quality food or when exposed to another etiological factor. The pain syndrome is most pronounced. Along with pain syndrome, dyspepsia is noted. Dyspeptic syndrome is a consequence of insufficient excretory function of the pancreas and impaired liver function. It manifests itself in nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, changes in the physical and chemical properties of feces. For exocrine pancreatic insufficiency feces liquid, greasy, with foul odor. Under low magnification of the microscope, the remains of undigested muscle fibers (in carnivores), neutral fat, fiber, and starch are revealed. If detected in stool fatty acids and their salts - soaps, then this is intestinal steatorrhea. Pancreatic steatorrhea is characterized by the presence of neutral fat in the feces. When putrefaction processes predominate in the intestines, the stool reaction is sharply alkaline, and when there is insufficient supply of bile to the intestines, it is acidic. The pancreatic gland is anatomically and functionally closely related to the liver, therefore, cholestatic syndrome is noted with pancreatitis, cysts, and tumors of the pancreas. It is caused by compression of the common bile duct as a result of swelling, tumor or cyst of the pancreas. Cholestatic syndrome is manifested by steatheria (the presence of fat in the stool), hyperbilirubinemia, increased activity of alkaline phosphatase, hypercholesterolemia, yellowness of the mucous membranes and non-pigmented areas of the skin. In cats, the main sign of acute pancreatitis is loss of appetite and inactivity. When diagnosing pancreatic diseases vital importance has a determination of the activity of a-amylase and elastase in the blood and urine, pancreatic lipase and trypsin in the blood serum. In clinically healthy animals, the activity of these enzymes in the blood serum is low; only a-amylase activity is detected in the urine. In pancreatitis and other diseases of the pancreas, an increase in the activity of a-amylase and elastase in the blood serum and urine, and an increase in the activity of lipase and trypsin in the blood serum are mainly noted. Tests of a-amylase and elastase activity are most sensitive in acute pancreatitis and exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis, a serum lipase activity test is most sensitive in chronic pancreatitis. In addition, in acute pancreatitis and exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis, leukocytosis with a shift of the formula to the left, an increase in ESR, anemia, bilirubinemia, increased activity in the blood of AST, AJIT, γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT, alkaline phosphatase) are observed with a combined course of hepatitis. In the intervals between exacerbations of chronic pancreatitis and the absence of liver damage, the activity of AST, ALT, GGT, and alkaline phosphatase is normal. In the urine, bilirubinuria, often hematuria, and an increase in pH are noted, which indicates the involvement of the liver and kidneys in the pathological process. Increased serum amylase and lipase activity is used as an indicator of pancreatic inflammation. However, it should be borne in mind that the activity of these enzymes can also be increased by intestinal obstruction(a-amylase), when using corticosteroids (lipase), kidney disease (both enzymes). In dogs with pancreatitis, the activity of a-amylase and lipase in the blood may be normal due to depletion of the enzyme system, thrombosis of pancreatic vessels, the presence of enzyme inhibitors and an increase in the time interval from the onset of the disease to the time of examination. When using other methods for diagnosing pancreatic diseases in small animals, it is possible to use radiography, tomography, ultrasound, etc. If normally the pancreas is often not visualized by ultrasound, then when it is inflamed, an enlargement of the pancreas, a change in its structure, and hyperecogenicity are noted. In differential diagnosis, pancreatitis should be distinguished from acute cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, gastric and intestinal ulcers, diseases occurring with the phenomenon of gastrointestinal colic, and some others. Thus, cholecystitis and cholelithiasis are manifested by sudden pain detected by palpation or percussion of the liver area. Bile is often present in vomit. In the blood, leukocytosis increases with a shift of neutrophils to the left, and ESR increases. Peptic ulcer stomach and duodenum are accompanied by the presence of blood in the stool and other symptoms. With dyspepsia of young animals, enteritis, colitis, the typical pain syndrome does not appear. For acute dilatation stomach, intestinal flatulence, enteralgia, chymostasis, coprostasis and other diseases that occur with the phenomenon of gastrointestinal colic are characterized by unique causes and symptoms. The clinical picture of chronic pancreatitis is similar to chronic colitis. With colitis, pain is localized in the left, right and upper quadrant of the abdomen, in the epigastrium, throughout the abdomen. Sick animals experience persistent constipation. The stool is dry and lumpy. Constipation is periodically replaced by diarrhea. No food residues are found in the feces. When chronic colitis develops in patients with chronic pancreatitis, signs of these two diseases are found, which are very difficult to differentiate. Considering the anatomical proximity and a certain functional connection of the pancreas and liver, it is logical to assume a frequent combination of diseases of these two organs under the general name hepatopancreatic syndrome. The following diagnostic tests are most typical for hepatopancreatic syndrome: common etiological factors (feed toxins, infection), enlarged and painful liver, pain syndrome of the pancreas, possible signs of cholestasis (steotheria, hyperbilirubinemia, increased activity of alkaline phosphatase, hypercholesterolemia, yellowness of the mucous membranes), increased activity indicator enzymes in the blood serum (AST, ALT, GGT), an increase in the content of total serum protein, dysproteinemia, a positive protein-sedimentary test. Diagnostic tests indicating damage to the liver and biliary tract are combined with those listed above characteristic features pancreatitis (pain syndrome, in the blood and urine increased activity a-amylase, elastase, etc.). Course and prognosis. Acute pancreatitis, when the causes are eliminated and appropriate treatment is carried out, ends in the animal’s recovery. In other cases it becomes chronic. The prognosis of chronic pancreatitis, as well as hepatopancreatic syndrome and other multimorbid pathologies, is questionable. Treatment. The effectiveness of treatment depends on eliminating the causes of the disease and following a strict diet. Poor quality, easily fermentable food (cabbage, clover, nettle, sorrel, etc.), fatty meat and fish, and canned food are excluded from the diet. In acute pancreatitis, the load on the pancreatic gland is limited in order to limit secretion. Inhibition of pancreatic secretion is achieved by prescribing a starvation diet for up to 5 days, isolating the animal from places where food is prepared or stored (visual and auditory reflexes). After a 2-5-day complete fast, feeding is resumed gradually, starting with a small portion of soup or other wet food depleted in proteins. Food depleted in proteins and fats is given for 15 days, then the dog is transferred to a regular diet with an average content of proteins and fats. For a dog with acute pancreatitis, the following diet structure is recommended: lean meat, low-fat cottage cheese, green boiled vegetables. Exclude bones and fat. The total calorie content of the diet depends on the dog’s body weight, i.e., on the energy requirement. At the same time, the structure of the diet must be preserved. Feeding regimen 2-3 times a day. Diet therapy for cats with acute pancreatitis depends on their condition. For persistent anorexia, a fasting diet is not required. After the appearance of appetite and absence of vomiting, food is carefully prescribed in a stepwise manner. Cats usually start feeding after 2-3 days. fasting. Keeping cats on a starvation diet for a long time leads to liver lipidosis. Drug treatment is aimed at relieving pain, suppressing inflammatory, immune and autoimmune processes, correcting the excretory function of the pancreas, normalizing metabolism, stopping pathological process in other organs. To relieve pain, antispasmodics, antihistamines, analgesics, and antipsychotics are prescribed. Antispasmodics are used to relieve spasm of the sphincter of the main pancreatic duct and reduce pressure in the pancreatic ducts: a 24% solution of aminophylline, a 1-4% solution of no-shpa, a 2% solution of papaverine hydrochloride are administered intramuscularly 2-3 times a day. . No-shpa can be given orally 3-4 times a day. To reduce capillary permeability, antihistamines are indicated: diphenhydramine, diprozin, suprastin. Diphenhydramine, diprozine (pipolfen), suprastin are administered intramuscularly in the form of 1%, 2.5% and 2% solutions, respectively, 1-2 times a day. Diazolin, fenkarol, bicarfen, loratine are prescribed orally 2-3 times a day. For persistent pain syndrome, along with antispasmodics and antihistamines Intramuscular or intravenous injections are indicated: analgin (50% solution), baralgin, spazmolgon, maxigan 2-3 times a day. Baralgin can be used orally 3-4 times a day. For persistent pain, a 2% solution of promedol is administered intramuscularly 1-2 times a day. For moderate to severe pain, butarphanol is prescribed intramuscularly. Butarfanol (beforal, moradol, stadol) is an analgesic. The severity of the analgesic effect is similar to morphine. The effect after intramuscular administration develops within 10 minutes and persists for 3-4 hours. Approximate intramuscular dose 0.03 mg/kg; repeat the injection after 4 hours. To relieve pain in cats, butarphanol was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 0.2-0.4 mg/animal. every 2-3 hours. The drug is available in ampoules of 1 ml: 1 ml contains 2 mg active substance. Inhibition of the secretion and synthesis of pancreatic enzymes is achieved through a starvation diet and medications: famotidine (orally to horses at a dose of 1-1.2 mg/kg, dogs - 1.2-2 mg/kg 2 times a day), ranitidine (orally to horses , cattle in a dose of 1.5-2 mg/kg, cats -3-4 mg/kg 2-3 times a day), omeprozole (orally approximately in doses of 0.2-1 mg/kg). Antimicrobial agents used with caution in cases of hyperthermia or suspected complications of an infectious nature (abscesses, etc.), since in case of inappropriate use, additional damage to the organ is possible. Enroflox 5% is used: intramuscularly in cattle, pigs 0.5-! ml/10 kg for 3-5 days, subcutaneously in dogs and cats 0.1 ml/kg for 5 days. When treating cats, enrofloxacin should be combined with amoxicillin, cefazolin intramuscularly 10-20 mg/kg with an interval of 6-8 hours), as well as antibiotics of other groups. Since acute pancreatitis is accompanied by dehydration, impaired electrolyte metabolism and acid-base balance, it is advisable to intravenously (drip!) administer a 0.9% sodium chloride solution with a 5% glucose solution: large cattle and horses 500-3000 ml per day, and small cattle 100-300 ml. The glucose content in these solutions is 25-150 and 5-15 g, respectively. Daily dose solution of sodium chloride and glucose reaches 10 ml/kg body weight. Small animals are shown intravenous drip (or slow) administration of Ringer's lactate solution at the rate of 6.5 ml/kg per day, and dextran solution at the rate of 1.5 ml/kg. Treatment of chronic pancreatitis during a period of clinically obvious exacerbation resembling acute pancreatitis is the same as for acute pancreatitis. Fasting is prescribed for 2-3 days. In the following days, they adhere to dietary feeding: limit fats and carbohydrates. Dogs are mainly given low-fat cottage cheese, then lean meat and fish. On full normal Feedings are transferred gradually. Drug therapy in the first days of exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis, it is aimed at relieving pain using generally accepted means and reducing secretory function glands. In case of chronic pancreatitis in the acute stage, contrical is indicated as an inhibitor of pancreatic proteases. A clinical trial of Contrical for hepatopancreatic syndrome in dogs is underway. To normalize homeostasis disturbances, polyglucin, a 5% glucose solution, is administered intravenously. Diuretics are used to reduce swelling of the pancreas. During the period of remission, diet therapy is mainly used and the factors that contributed to the exacerbation are eliminated. Enzyme preparations are indicated only for diarrhea; preference should be given to drugs coated with a coating that protects them from destruction in the stomach (pancitrate, Creon). Enzyme preparations containing bile acids(festal, digestal) and extracts of the gastric mucosa (panzinorm). The use of trienzyme, pancreatin, hepabene, and solizyme is effective. Gepabene is a combination drug of plant origin. Available in capsules. One capsule contains: fumaria officinalis extract - 275 mg (fumarin 4.13 mg); milk thistle fruit extract - 70-100 mg (silymarin 50 mg); silibinin - at least 22 mg. Fumarin has a choleretic effect, normalizes the amount of secreted bile, and causes a cholespasmodic effect. Silymarin has a hepatoprotective effect, binds free radicals in liver tissue, has antioxidant, membrane-stabilizing activity, and stimulates protein synthesis. Adults are prescribed 1 capsule 3 times a day orally. Based on this, the estimated dose for a dog weighing 20 kg is 1/3 capsule 3 times a day or 1 capsule per day. The drug is produced in Germany. In case of chronic secondary pancreatitis, the underlying disease is treated: dysbiosis, chronic inflammatory diseases of the intestines, stomach and liver. Probiotics are used (bifidumbacterin, lactobacterin, etc.) and prebiotic supplements (bran) are added.

For prevention. The basis for the prevention of pancreatitis is not only adequate feeding, but also its species specificity. The use of poor-quality, spoiled feed, especially those affected by fungal toxins, is not allowed, which is important for herbivorous farm animals. The prevention of infectious diseases, sanitation of foci of chronic inflammation, timely treatment of diseases of the liver and gastrointestinal tract are of great importance

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Pancreatitis in dogs: treatment and symptoms, feeding and diet

No matter how careful you are about your pet's health, there is always a risk to his health. The functioning of internal organs is often disrupted in animals. When the functioning of the pancreas is disrupted and inflammatory processes form in this internal organ, pancreatitis develops.

Pancreatitis in a dog

The process of digestion in dogs is similar to that of humans, but the chemical composition of their gastric juice is designed to work with raw meat.

Therefore, if boiled food or canned food predominates in the diet, this can cause disturbances in the body. The inflamed organ produces too little stomach acid, so food is not digested properly.

Boiled meat can cause problems in the dog’s body.

Let's consider in more detail: how pancreatitis occurs in dogs, acute pancreatitis, diet for pancreatitis, drug treatment and folk remedies.

Causes of the disease

The main factor causing illness in dogs, is poor nutrition.

Let's take a closer look at the features of digestion in pets. In representatives of all breeds, the pancreas produces those enzymes that are aimed at breaking down raw meat. Unlike feed, raw meat is a natural product consisting of natural cells. These cells have the ability to digest themselves, and when they break down, they release nutrients. When there is very little of it in a pet’s diet, and he eats boiled, canned, fatty, salty, sweet or spicy food, these enzymes are left without work. Their excess provokes metabolic disorders. As a result, the pancreas begins to digest its nipple.

Raw meat releases nutrients as it breaks down.

Thus, the development of the primary begins acute type with pronounced signs. It is much more difficult to determine the onset of secondary or chronic pancreatitis. It develops as a consequence of operations of the digestive tract, cholecystitis, and enteritis.

Three main reasons

IN medical practice There are three main reasons:

incorrect and unbalanced diet;
diseases and medications that provoke a significant decrease in immunity;
predisposition to the disease at the genetic level.

An unbalanced diet can cause pancreatitis.

To prevent the development of the disease in your pet, it must be regularly given raw meat and bones. It is these products that contain all the necessary elements for the proper functioning of his digestive system.

Risk group

Research has shown that some breeds are genetically more vulnerable.

These include miniature schnauzers, miniature poodles, Yorkshire terriers, English and American Cocker Spaniels, border collies, boxers.

Symptoms

A pet can get sick for various reasons. The acute stage has more severe symptoms than the chronic stage. When the dog is too calm and depressed. He is anxious, wanders around the house and cannot find a place. Feeling the abdomen in the navel area causes pain.

The urge to vomit is one of the symptoms of the disease.

The dog systematically refuses to eat. And every time I try to eat, I experience severe vomiting. At the same time it is very tense abdominal wall and causes bloating. Severe intestinal disorders and diarrhea occur. When defecating, two types of feces are released: pasty mucus or a dense mass with a high starch content.

The disease disrupts the body’s ability to absorb glucose, which causes a rapid jump in its amount in the animal’s blood. This provokes dryness of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, as well as severe itching of the skin.

Acute pancreatitis

In case of acute pancreatitis, you should immediately contact a veterinarian.

When suffering from acute pancreatitis, three symptoms are most clearly expressed:

If you notice them in your pet, contact your veterinarian immediately. This attack needs to be stopped by medication to prevent it from developing into a chronic form.

Chronic form

Chronic form has no such clear symptoms. The animal has all the signs of the disease, but they are less active.

Can be given to a dog vegetable soup.

In this case, you need to stop giving food to the dog for two days; only water and herbal infusion are allowed. This will allow you to determine if your symptoms are caused by a specific food. Next, start feeding your pet, but only a light diet: vegetable soup, cereal meatballs, raw meat and minced vegetables. If symptoms do not disappear after this diet, consult a veterinary clinic.

Diagnostics

The main thing in treating any problem is its timely diagnosis. In addition to a visual examination by a veterinarian, the animal must undergo a series of tests to determine the diagnosis.

For diagnosis, you should take a urine test.

Urine and blood tests are mandatory, and ultrasound examination abdominal cavity and x-ray. In some cases, a biopsy is performed. Necessary tests are prescribed exclusively by a veterinarian. After receiving the results, he prescribes the necessary course of treatment.

Treatment of pancreatitis in dogs

The treatment process begins with identifying and eliminating the cause.

It is necessary to regulate the dog's diet.

If indigestion is caused by poor diet, maximum attention is paid to its resolution. When your pet suffers from an acute form, he is prescribed drugs that have an antiemetic and analgesic effect. Antibiotics are taken only if there is a risk of infection bacterial infection.

Diet and nutritional habits

If an exacerbation of the disease occurs, then the dog should fast.

For dogs that have been fed dry food, the doctor recommends choosing a food (diet) specially developed by doctors. If the pet ate natural food, during the recovery period you must adhere to a strict diet. The diet should contain many vitamins and minerals.

In case of exacerbation, you will have to fast for several days. Depending on the patient’s condition, food is limited for one, two or even three days. During this time, you can only give your pet water and herbal infusions. Drinking is allowed in small portions to prevent stretching of the stomach walls. After all, when the tissues are stretched, the pancreas will begin to secrete enzymes that corrode them. From the fourth, you can introduce fractional meals five or six times a day. The main principles of treating this disease are hunger and calmness.

Prevention

The first and most important aspect prevention of digestive system disorders is a healthy balanced diet of your pet.

Do not forget that the animal’s body is structured differently. Therefore, experts do not recommend feeding our little friends with food that was prepared for people. They are strictly forbidden to eat fatty, salty, spicy, hot, sweet and smoked foods.

The dog must regularly eat raw meat and bones. They provide the body with beneficial substances that are necessary for growth and development. Various porridges, grated fruits and vegetables are very useful in the diet. At least thirty percent of protein should come from non-meat dishes, but also from eating eggs and dairy products.

You need to include bones in your dog's diet.

It is important to limit your pet from contact with various chemicals. Pesticides and herbicides cause serious poisoning and destroy the pancreas. Which often ends with the appearance of acute pancreatitis.