Pneumonia: symptoms and treatment in adults, inhalation with oils. Oil pneumonia. Chemical pneumonia

Oily (lipoid) pneumonia – infectious inflammatory process the mucous membrane of the lung (most often the alveoli), which develops as a result of ingestion of liquid.

This disease most often occurs in infants who are breastfed. In preschool and school age the disease may develop due to frequent use oil-based nasal drops.

As a rule, lipoid pneumonia develops in children with congenital pathology trachea, the esophagus of which is compressed by an abnormal vessel or neoplasm. Also, children who have weakened muscles of the pharynx and palate are premature babies, as their swallowing reflex is poorly developed.

How does the disease begin?

The fluid enters the trachea through the nasopharynx and then into the lung. Either from the stomach the liquid passes through the throat into the trachea and then into the lung. Protective immune cells bind fats, forming lumps in the alveoli.

The lung begins to swell, cell growth. The mucous membrane is destroyed, microbes from the stomach or nasopharynx enter it. Sputum is produced. Patency respiratory tract is disrupted and it becomes difficult for the baby to breathe.

Symptoms oil pneumonia:

violation of the swallowing reflex;
shortness of breath;
dry and wet wheezing;
hacking cough with sputum;
fever.

Therapy

If you notice that your baby has swallowed milk, try to suck it out of the nasal or oral cavity. After this, feeding should be done on the side. If pathology has developed due to oil-based drops, you should stop using them.

Treatment of the disease includes taking antibacterial drugs, vitamins, blood transfusion. Do not overcool or overheat the child. Change your baby's position more often and give him plenty of fluids.

If you notice the first symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor.

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There are exogenous and endogenous forms.

Exogenous fatty pneumonia. Etiology and pathogenesis. Exogenous fatty pneumonia occurs when aspiration of fats and oils, mineral, plant or animal origin - liquid petroleum jelly used as a laxative or nasal drops, fish oil and dairy foods (most often in infants), vegetable oil etc. The severity of the lesion depends on the nature of the aspirated material. Mineral oils are chemically inert. They are quickly emulsified and taken up by macrophages. Unabsorbed material can cause the development of focal fibrosis, which on X-ray examination is sometimes similar to carcinoma, which can be a reason for surgical intervention. The most common cause of this type of change is liquid Vaseline.

More pronounced changes are caused by fats of animal origin. Being hydrolyzed by lipases of the lung tissue, they due to the released fatty acids may cause inflammatory reactions followed by infection and fibrosis of areas of the lungs.

Pathological changes are characterized by the presence of full-blooded lesions of varying sizes, on the surface of which yellowish specks are visible. In old people and children, lesions can be large and occupy a segment and even lung lobe. Microscopically, the walls of the alveoli are thickened due to the proliferation of reticulin fibers and contain many lymphoid and plasma cells. Bronchial tree is not changed or there is a mildly expressed productive inflammation, most intensely manifested in the bronchioles, which can cause microatelectasis.

Clinical picture in most cases meager. Sometimes there is a productive cough and shortness of breath. Objectively - moist rales in the basal parts of the lungs, changes external respiration restrictive type, on X-ray examination - interstitial fibrosis, in some cases - multiple focal shadows, less often - large shadows suspicious for cancer.

Diagnosis, treatment and prevention, as in aspiration pneumonia.

Forecast, usually favorable.

Endogenous fatty pneumonia (“cholesterol pneumonitis”) occurs as a complication or concomitant pathology in other diseases accompanied by the destruction of lung tissue - lung cancer, chronic pulmonary abscess, bronchiectasis, etc. The products of destruction of lung tissue, primarily cholesterol, are absorbed by alveolar macrophages and deposited in the cavity of the alveoli and interalveolar septa. A peculiar localized lesion is formed, colored grayish or gray on the section. yellowish color. At histological examination in the lesion, in addition to macrophages overloaded with cholesterol, proliferation of the alveolar epithelium is detected, varying degrees interlobular fibrosis. The lesion is often asymptomatic. Cough, hemoptysis and chest pain are sometimes noted. X-ray reveals persistent localized shading, which suggests the presence of bronchogenic cancer, and in most patients correct diagnosis can only be diagnosed with a diagnostic biopsy.

Pneumonia lipoidica(ancient Greek; Greek lpos). This is an infectious inflammation of the mucous membrane of the lung tissue (mainly the alveoli), which occurs due to aspiration (swallowing) of liquid by the child. Most often occurs in infants when feeding with milk. Younger and older children may develop frequent use oil drops in the nose. Most often this happens to children with congenital abnormalities of the trachea, in whom the esophagus is compressed by an abnormal vessel or tumor. With children who have weakened muscles soft palate, throats. In premature babies, swallowing is often not yet sufficiently developed. Most causes of difficulty swallowing in children go away on their own by the age of two to four years. The liquid penetrates the trachea through the nasopharynx, and then the bronchi and lungs. Or from the stomach it enters the throat, and then into the trachea, bronchi and lungs. Immune system cells take up fat and nodules form in the alveoli of the lungs. Connective tissue the lungs become denser and scars form. Mononuclear blood cells (mononuclear cells) or plasma (the liquid part of the blood) penetrate into the lung tissue. Edema forms: the intermediate (interstitial) tissue of the lungs grows, forming new cells. The mucous membrane of the bronchi and lungs is damaged, it is colonized by bacteria and microbes that were in the nasopharynx or stomach of the child. The inflammatory process in the bronchi is accompanied by the release of sputum (mucus). It can thicken, close the lumen of the bronchi and prevent air from passing through them. The air flow in the bronchi and lungs is impaired. The child's body suffers from a lack of oxygen. Predispose to the development of inflammation in the lungs anatomical features lungs and bronchi of newborns and immaturity respiratory center And weak immunity(the body's resistance to infections), especially in premature infants.

Treatment
Prevention
Symptoms
Specialization
Symptoms
Doctors

First aid when a child swallows milk is to suction the contents of the nasal cavity, oropharynx and trachea. Subsequently, the baby is fed in a lateral position. If the cause of aspiration is oil drops for the nose, they should be abandoned.

Treatment of lipoid pneumonia in children includes careful care, antibacterial therapy, vitamin therapy, physiotherapy and blood transfusions.

The child should not be overcooled or overheated. The room needs to be ventilated frequently. The child's skin should be clean. You need to change your body position often. The child should drink a lot.

The doctor first prescribes antibiotics that act on E. coli, since most often it is the causative agent of the infection. If the doctor discovers another infectious agent, he selects the right antibiotic. The course of treatment lasts 7-10 days.

To maintain the body's defenses, the doctor prescribes vitamins C, B1, B2, B3, B6, B15.

The child is regularly given hot and mustard wraps and physiotherapy (exposure to microwaves and electric current).

To eliminate cardiovascular failure blood plasma is transfused, potassium preparations, glucose, and adenosine triphosphoric acid are administered. For treatment pathological changes immunoglobulins are prescribed in the lungs.

Prevention of lipoid pneumonia means proper feeding infants and the use of nasal drops strictly according to the prescription.

It may continue for several weeks after birth and then go away on its own.

The fact that the child has swallowed milk is indicated by:

swallowing disorder;
cough after regurgitation.

In newborns with congenital swallowing problems, the first symptoms of pneumonia appear in the first month of life.

Aspiration pneumonia manifests itself with the following symptoms:

moderate shortness of breath (irregular breathing);
extended exhalation;
dry scattered and moist rales;
deep cough with sputum production;
intoxication (lethargy or anxiety, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting);
fever (body temperature 39 °C or higher, rapid pulse and breathing, decreased blood pressure, fever, thirst, chills, decreased amount of urine);
the skin around the mouth takes on a blue tint;
cyanosis of the skin and mucous membranes;
rapid heartbeat;
The intercostal spaces are retracted during inhalation.

Possible respiratory arrest.

Hydrocarbon aspiration

Oily (lipoid) pneumonia is an infectious inflammatory process of the lung mucosa (most often the alveoli), which develops as a result of ingestion of liquid.

This disease most often occurs in infants who are breastfed. In children of preschool and school age, the disease can develop due to the frequent use of oil-based nasal drops.

As a rule, lipoid pneumonia develops in children with congenital pathology of the trachea, whose esophagus is compressed by an abnormal vessel or neoplasm. Also, children who have weakened muscles of the pharynx and palate are premature babies, as their swallowing reflex is poorly developed.

How does the disease begin?

The lung begins to swell and cellular growth begins. The mucous membrane is destroyed, microbes from the stomach or nasopharynx enter it. Sputum is produced. The airway is obstructed and it becomes difficult for the baby to breathe.

Symptoms of oil pneumonia:

violation of the swallowing reflex;
shortness of breath;
dry and wet wheezing;
hacking cough with sputum;
fever.

Therapy

If you notice that your baby has swallowed milk, try to suck it out of the nasal or oral cavity as quickly as possible. After this, feeding should be done on the side. If pathology has developed due to oil-based drops, you should stop using them.

Treatment of the disease includes taking antibacterial drugs, vitamins, and blood transfusion. Do not overcool or overheat the child. Change your baby's position more often and give him plenty of fluids.

If you notice the first symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor.

PNEUMONIA, pneumonia due to a variety of causes, including infectious agents, chemical irritants and autoimmune reactions. Pneumonia can be accompanied by various infectious diseases, such as influenza, tuberculosis, histoplasmosis. Sometimes the term “pneumonia” is used more narrowly, in relation only to infectious inflammation lungs; inflammation caused by other factors is referred to in such cases as pneumonitis.

Infectious pneumonia.

The most common reason pneumonia – bacterial infection; The main pathogens include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophylus influenzae and some types Legionella(causing the so-called Legionnaires' disease with severe pneumonia). Common pathogens are also special forms bacteria that were not previously classified as bacteria, such as mycoplasma, chlamydia and rickettsia. Pneumonia can also be caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mycobacterium), affecting mainly the lungs.

Quite often, pneumonia is viral in nature. It can be caused by myxoviruses that cause influenza types A and B, as well as paramyxoviruses (parainfluenza viruses), adenoviruses and respiratory syncytial viruses.

Another source of lung infections and pneumonia is microscopic fungi. Among the population living along the banks of the St. Lawrence, Mississippi and several other large rivers North America, common fungus Histoplasma capsulatum, causing histoplasmosis ( see also MYCOSES).

The cause of pneumonia is increasingly being opportunistic pathogens, i.e. causing disease only if the immune system is weak. Yes, a single-celled fungus Pneumocystis carinii becomes a causative agent of pneumonia in infants and people with immunodeficiency. Immunodeficiency can occur with certain blood diseases, as a result of infection with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) or as a consequence of anticancer chemotherapy. It is the development of Pneumocystis pneumonia that is the first manifestation of AIDS in the majority of HIV-infected people.

Inflammation of the lungs occurs as a result of irritation by chemicals. In particular, the use of chemical warfare agents, such as mustard gas, was designed for such an effect. Pneumonia can cause hundreds of chemical compounds both natural and industrial origin, including even oil drops in the nose and Vaseline oil if they get into the lungs. Inflammation due to exposure chemicals, develops either as a result of direct damage to lung tissue, or as defensive reaction body to these substances.

Autoimmune pneumonia.

At autoimmune diseases, for example, systemic lupus erythematosus, the body produces antibodies against its own tissues; exposure of lung tissue to such autoantibodies can lead to pneumonia.

Development of pneumonia.

Pathogens most often enter the lungs by inhaling infected droplets of saliva and mucus, either from one's own nose and mouth or from other people who disperse droplets of saliva into the air when they cough, sneeze, or talk. The human body has a number of defense mechanisms against infection. Due to the curvature and tortuosity of the upper respiratory tract, most droplets are usually retained in them and do not penetrate into the lungs. Microbes that still find themselves in the lungs are enveloped in a sticky secretion, and synchronous vibrations of the smallest flexible cilia push them in the opposite direction (towards the oral cavity). Other protective factors include antibodies produced by the immune system and white blood cells that kill microorganisms.

Pneumonia occurs when germs overcome protective forces body. U healthy people this occurs in the case of high virulence of the pathogen or its massive invasion (introduction). However, against the background of reduced resistance, the cause of extremely severe pneumonia can be even those microorganisms that in humans good health rarely cause disease (example: Pneumocystis carinii). When an infection enters the lungs, the body's immune system is activated, and when it manages to suppress the growth of the pathogen, the pneumonia ends.

Symptoms

Symptoms and course of pneumonia depend on the type of pathogen and activity protective systems body. Most frequent symptoms– increased body temperature, cough and shortness of breath. A cough is often accompanied by the release of sputum - colorless, yellowish, greenish, or even bloody if the lung tissue disintegrates. Some microbes multiply extremely quickly, causing acute course diseases. Others (such as mycobacteria and fungi) grow much more slowly, causing chronic infection.

Treatment.

If it is determined that the cause of pneumonia is a bacterial infection, then specific antimicrobial agents, primarily antibiotics. Antibiotics are ineffective for viral infections. Before opening and wide application antibiotics, pneumonia often led to the death of the patient. And now she often has death in elderly or seriously ill people, as well as in those who suffer from immune system disorders. Some strains of bacteria are so virulent that even physically strong people can die less than a day after infection. Treatment of bacterial infections with antibiotics usually lasts up to 2 weeks. Treatment for tuberculosis requires 6–18 months. In case high risk In cases of pneumonia, vaccination is used to reduce the likelihood of developing a particular infection.

The best way to combat pneumonia caused by chemical irritants is to prevent further exposure to these substances. Autoimmune pneumonia is currently treated with drugs that suppress immune system(i.e. reducing its reactivity). However, this approach may increase susceptibility to infectious pneumonia.

Pneumonia - what it is, causes, signs, symptoms in adults and treatment of pneumonia

Pneumonia in adults (pneumonia) - inflammation of the lower respiratory tract of various etiologies, occurring with intra-alveolar exudation and accompanied by characteristic clinical and radiological signs. The main reason for the development of the disease is a pulmonary infection that affects all structures of the lungs. There are many types of pneumonia, varying in severity from mild to severe, or even those that can be fatal.

What is pneumonia?

Pneumonia is predominantly acute pathological condition caused by infectious and inflammatory lesions of the pulmonary parenchyma. With this disease, the lower respiratory tract (bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli) is involved in the process.

This is a fairly common disease, diagnosed in approximately 12–14 adults out of 1000, and in older people whose age has exceeded 50–55 years, the ratio is 17:1000. In terms of the frequency of deaths, pneumonia ranks first among all infectious diseases place.

ICD-10 code: J12, J13, J14, J15, J16, J17, J18, P23

The duration of the disease depends on the effectiveness of the prescribed treatment and the reactivity of the body. Before the advent of antibiotics high temperature decreased on days 7-9.

Reasons

Most often, pneumonia is caused by bacteria (pneumococci, Haemophilus influenzae, less commonly - mycoplasma, chlamydia), but the likelihood of developing pneumonia increases during periods of outbreaks and epidemics of acute respiratory viral infections.

In old age, the most common causes of pneumonia are pneumococci, streptococci, mycoplasma, and their combinations. To eliminate errors when making a diagnosis, an X-ray examination of the lungs is done in several projections.

Among the causes of pneumonia in adults, bacterial infection ranks first. The most common pathogens are:

gram-positive microorganisms: pneumococci (from 40 to 60%), staphylococci (from 2 to 5%), streptococci (2.5%);
gram-negative microorganisms: Friedlander's bacillus (from 3 to 8%), Haemophilus influenzae (7%), enterobacteria (6%), Proteus, E. coli, Legionella, etc. (from 1.5 to 4.5%);
mycoplasma (6%);
viral infections (herpes viruses, influenza and parainfluenza, adenoviruses, etc.);
fungal infections.

Risk factors for developing pneumonia in adults:

Constant stress that depletes the body.
Poor nutrition. Insufficient consumption of fruits, vegetables, fresh fish, lean meat.
Weakened immunity. Leads to a decrease in the barrier functions of the body.
Frequent colds, leading to the formation of a chronic focus of infection.
Smoking. When smoking, the walls of the bronchi and alveoli become covered with various harmful substances, preventing surfactant and other lung structures from working normally.
Alcohol abuse.
Chronic diseases. Especially pyelonephritis, heart failure, ischemic disease hearts.

Classification

Community-acquired pneumonia is the most common type of disease.
Nosocomial or hospital-acquired pneumonia. This form includes a disease that developed while the patient was in the hospital for more than 72 hours.
Atypical pneumonia. A type of disease caused by atypical microflora (chlamydia, mycoplasma, legionella, etc.).
Aspiration pneumonia is an infectious-toxic damage to the pulmonary parenchyma that develops as a result of the contents of the oral cavity, nasopharynx, and stomach entering the lower respiratory tract.

Depending on the etiology, pneumonia can be:

viral;
fungal;
bacterial;
mycoplasma;
mixed.

Depending on the nature of the disease:

Type of pneumonia by location

left-handed;
right-sided;
unilateral: one lung is affected;
bilateral: both lungs are affected;

Severity of the inflammatory process:

light;
moderate severity;
heavy.

First signs

What signs can you use to identify pneumonia at home? Initial signs Diseases are not easy to recognize. They may not exist at all, appear rarely or be mild. It all depends on the type of pathogen. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to the changes occurring in the body.

The main signs of pneumonia in adults are cough (there are exceptions) and chest pain, which, depending on the etiology of the disease and its type, may be accompanied by certain symptoms.

The first signs of pneumonia that should alert a person:

weakness of the limbs (feeling like “wobbly legs”);
minor temperature violations;
dry cough;
dyspnea;
periodic hot flashes, which are replaced by a state of cold sweat.

A specific sign of pneumonia in an adult is a feeling acute pain in the chest area when performing breathing movements and the coughing process.

Body temperature can be very high up to 39-40C, or may remain subfebrile 37.1-37.5C (with atypical form). Therefore, even with low body temperature, cough, weakness and other signs of malaise, you should mandatory consult a doctor.

Symptoms of pneumonia in adults

How pneumonia manifests itself in adults depends on the type of pathogen, the severity of the disease, etc. Characteristic signs pneumonia, acute development process, its extent and the likelihood of complications due to improper therapy - more important than the reasons immediate appeal patients to specialists.

Almost every type of pneumonia has characteristic features courses determined by the properties of the microbial agent, the severity of the disease and the presence of complications.

The main symptoms of pneumonia in adults:

increased body temperature;
cough, dry at the beginning of the disease, as it develops - with copious sputum;
dyspnea;
increased fatigue, weakness;
fear caused by lack of air;
chest pain.

In addition, the following secondary signs of pneumonia may be observed:

headache;
cyanotic (blue) lips and nails;
muscle pain;
fatigue, shortness of breath;

If bilateral pneumonia progresses, the symptoms are atypical and are detailed below:

blue lips, fingertips;
heavy, labored breathing;
continuous dry cough with sputum;
shortness of breath, weakness throughout the body;
lack of appetite.

Sometimes pneumonia has a mild course - without fever. The only things that attract attention are weakness, loss of appetite, rapid breathing, and periodic cough. In this case, the diagnosis is confirmed only by x-ray.

Pneumonia: symptoms and treatment in adults, inhalation with oils

The inflammatory process in the lungs, before the advent of the era of antibiotics in the 20th century, was considered a death sentence in medicine - only a few had a chance of recovery.

And currently, mortality from pneumonia is in fourth place (9%) after heart disease, tumors and accidents in the adult population, accounting for 15% of child deaths early years life.

What is pneumonia?

Pneumonia is Latin name pneumonia, serious illness lung tissue with damage to structural elements - alveoli. They are microscopic in size, but the total area when inhaled is 120 m2.

It is in the alveoli that the blood is enriched with oxygen; they are responsible for acid-base balance in the body, through the alveoli, the body secretes 0.5 liters of water per day. Inflammation of the lung tissue - pneumonia - poses a mortal threat to the vital functions of the body.

The disease is infectious in nature - the causative agents can be bacterial, viral or fungal microflora, most often from among the normal inhabitants of our upper respiratory tract. Only influenza viruses or other respiratory diseases can be incoming guests.

For pneumonia to occur in adults, a combination of several factors is required:

The main one is hypothermia of the body;
Decreased immunity (including HIV);
Staying in a room with patients or carriers of pulmonary infections;
Smoking, which destroys the structure of the bronchi and lungs;
Allergy;
Chest injuries;
Chronic diseases of the lungs and bronchi;
Heart failure with congestion;
Endocrine disorders;
Radiation therapy for oncology;
Burns of the respiratory tract;
Long bed rest;
Intubation or bronchoscopy;

In most cases, the infection enters the lungs through the bronchogenic route, with air containing pathogens. The hematogenous route of infection is rare - with sepsis and intravenous administration drugs. More less likely lymphogenous onset of the disease.

Symptoms of pneumonia in adults

There are many forms, stages and types of pneumonia (acute and chronic, unilateral and bilateral, lobar, focal, confluent), and each has its own symptoms. But some symptoms are necessarily present with pneumonia, having their own differences that make it possible to clarify the diagnosis:

temperature about 39-40°C;
painful cough, the nature of which serves hallmark different forms pneumonia;
shortness of breath and a feeling of congestion in the lungs;
chest pain;
purulent or bloody sputum;
loss of strength;
loss of appetite to its complete absence;
sleep disturbance.

Atypical pneumonia

The older the patient, the more severe the manifestations of the disease. The body temperature becomes critical, signs of general intoxication with damage to the central nervous system are expressed - confusion, insomnia or increased drowsiness.

With mycoplasma pneumonia an indirect signal may be skin rash and nosebleeds.

Chlamydial pneumonia more often it is bilateral.

Legionella pneumonia was allocated to separate form, after discovering the pathogen in 1996 and determining how the infection spreads through air conditioning systems.

It has an acute onset rapid development all symptoms, requires complex complex treatment, long period rehabilitation and risks serious complications. This form of pneumonia is also called “Legionnaires’ disease,” and why this is so can be found on Wikipedia.

Diagnosis atypical pneumonia is determined based on the results of laboratory tests.

Viral pneumonia

If the culprit of pneumonia is viral infection, then the following typical manifestations are added to the listed signs:

runny nose and sore throat,
the appearance of red streaks in the eye sclera,
enlarged cervical and axillary lymph nodes,
cyanosis of the face,
gastrointestinal disorders in the form of nausea and diarrhea,
wheezing in the lungs when listening.

The causative agent, coronavirus, was identified only in 2002. It constantly mutates, complicating diagnosis and the search for treatment options.

Very dangerous hidden form viral pneumonia without fever, which a doctor can recognize by the following signs:

a sharp breath with a whistle,
increased chest pain when turning the body,
unhealthy blush on the cheeks,
insatiable desire to drink,
muscle pain,
fever and sweating.

Pneumonia without symptoms in an adult

Pneumonia in adults can occur without cough, fever, or other symptoms. severe symptoms. A person usually carries it on his feet, without consulting a doctor. The diagnosis is made retroactively if there is severe complications– disruption of the structure of the lung tissue, damage to the kidneys and heart.

The reason for the asymptomatic course of the process lies in a sharp weakening of the immune system.

In the homeless;
In HIV-infected people;
In patients after radiation or chemotherapy;
In alcoholics;
For “workaholics” (most often these are office workers who spend the working day in a constant static position indoors);
In older people.

Treatment methods for pneumonia

The diagnosis of “pneumonia” is confirmed 5-6 days after the onset of the disease x-ray examination, bronchoscopy, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging.

At severe form pneumonia is always treated in a hospital - constant monitoring of the patient’s condition is required to avoid complications, the most dangerous of which is pulmonary edema, which leads to death. Self-medication is not allowed.

The patient needs bed rest, the room is often ventilated and quartzed.

To reduce intoxication and prevent severe defeat kidneys are prescribed intravenous infusions of glucose and saline solution, vitamin therapy, and drinking plenty of fluids.

In cases of pulmonary edema, treatment is carried out with oxygen, artificial respiration. Treatment of pneumonia in the elderly and children is difficult sharp decline immunity.

When the temperature normalizes, physiotherapy (UHF, UV irradiation, electrophoresis with antibiotics) and exercise therapy are added.

Drug treatment

Without intensive treatment, the disease will become chronic, with various consequences.

High temperatures are reduced with antipyretic drugs (nurofen, paracetamol); in severe cases, corticosteroids are added to relieve inflammation.

Cough is relieved by bronchodilators and expectorants (lazolvan, bronchicum, ambrobene). Painkillers and heart medications are prescribed.

For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics are prescribed; only the attending physician can choose them under control of the sensitivity of microbes to various medications. The course of treatment for sick leave and community-acquired pneumonia– they differ in the type of pathogens with a similar course.

At viral nature specific diseases are prescribed antivirals(aflubin, anaferon, amizon, ingaverin) and antimicrobial drugs wide range(ribavirin).

Fungal infection of the lungs requires the use of antifungal drugs.

For other forms of atypical pneumonia, treatment is mostly symptomatic. Specific drugs are still under development.

Traditional methods at home

Without drug treatment traditional methods will be insufficient and lead to complications. Saunas and hot baths are prohibited. At acute form pneumonia, it is appropriate to use herbal infusions for drink plenty of fluids(infusions of chamomile, oregano, mint, lemon balm, birch and pine buds).

Stage of recovery and chronic forms allow the use folk remedies together with medicines. To improve immunity and relieve inflammatory phenomena traditionally used honey, juice black radish, viburnum, aloe juice, onion and garlic in the form of tinctures and decoctions. In many folk recipes as remedy Cahors is present.

It is no coincidence that sanatoriums for convalescents are located in coniferous forests (pine, fir, juniper, cedar) - their air contains essential oils coniferous trees, promotes the restoration of lung tissue.

Inhalations with essential oils

The use of folk remedies in the form of inhalations, which can be carried out using special devices or just the old fashioned way - inhaling warm steam saturated with essential oils (add a few drops to hot water).

They have a softening, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, bronchodilator and expectorant effect.

You can use one oil, or you can create combinations of them according to the patient’s condition and his preferences. The widespread use of fir, eucalyptus, anise, castor oil, as well as oils tea tree, roses, wheat germ, mint, St. John's wort, coriander, basil (see the table for the properties of all oils).

Also used are “Zvezdochka” balm (it contains similar components), petroleum jelly, glycerin and fish oil to enhance the effect.

After inhalation it is necessary to grind chest and stay under the covers for an hour.

Essential oils are especially effective for bacterial form pneumonia and less effective for others. This is explained by the fact that the antibacterial properties of oils “remain unclaimed” and only immunomodulatory and restorative ones help.

Prevention

To prevent pneumonia, hypothermia should be avoided, especially after recent respiratory illnesses.

Every person at any age should take care of maintaining their immunity, strengthening the body physical exercise And water procedures. With modern sedentary life is very important condition maintaining health.

Causes, symptoms and treatment of oil pneumonia

Oily (lipoid) pneumonia is an infectious inflammatory process of the lung mucosa (most often the alveoli), which develops as a result of ingestion of liquid.

This disease most often occurs in infants who are breastfed. In children of preschool and school age, the disease can develop due to the frequent use of oil-based nasal drops.