Today there are quite a lot of different skin diseases. And they are all different from each other. What does lichen look like in humans and what is this disease? I would like to talk about this in detail now.

Terminology

Initially, you need to understand the basic terminology that will be used in this article. So, the very concept of “lichen” is very broad. It covers a fairly large group of various dermatological problems. Their main characteristic is the appearance of rashes, spots, papules on the skin, which are prone to peeling.

It is also important to note that shingles is a very common problem. So, according to doctors, it most often occurs in people aged 30 to 70 years, as well as in young children. Moreover, statistics say that women and men suffer from this disease equally.

Main reasons

Various types of lichen in humans can occur due to various reasons. It should be noted that they differ primarily in the pathogen. It could be a fungus, bacteria or virus. But still, the mechanism for triggering the problem is approximately the same:

Generally speaking, doctors say: lichen most often manifests itself in those whose bodies are weakened.

Signs of the disease

You definitely need to know what lichen looks like in a person, because this way you can independently diagnose the problem in the early stages. Thus, the presence of a disease is indicated by the following: general signs:

• Lesions appear on the skin. Distinctive feature depriving them - they begin to peel off.
• You can see clear boundaries between affected and healthy places on the body.
• Infected areas of skin may change their pigmentation.

Types of lichen

The above lists the general symptoms of the problem under consideration. However, it must be said that there are various types lichen in humans. And they all differ from each other, first of all, in symptoms.

1. Pityriasis rosea.
2. Shingles.
3. Ringworm.
4. Pityriasis versicolor.

Ringworm

This name is probably known to many people. How does ringworm manifest itself in humans and how can it be diagnosed? First of all, it should be noted that this disease is caused by a fungal infection (fungi of the genus Trichophyton). The scalp and nails are mainly affected. But the skin can also suffer from the problem.

Ringworm a person may develop after contact with an infected animal or person. In the second case, it is enough to use common household items. It should also be noted that the foci of this type of disease are most often located in children's groups.

What does ringworm look like in humans? Photos of patients are very unpleasant. The scalp is most often affected. Pink scaly spots appear there. In affected areas, hair may break and fall out. Bald spots appear. If we are talking about men, such “bald” places can appear on the beard or mustache.

Types of ringworm

This disease also has several subtypes.

1. Chronic lichen. It most often affects women who have a problem such as hypofunction of the gonads. Symptoms do not appear immediately. However, the disease can be determined by the condition of the hair: it becomes brittle and breaks near the root. Peeling and itching also often occur. If the nails are affected, their color changes and a grayish tint appears. The nail plate itself thickens.
2. Trichophytosis is superficial. This subtype of the disease is transmitted during the use of infected things (for example, a comb). Smooth red spots appear on areas of the skin that are prone to peeling.
3. Trichophytosis is infiltrative-suppurative. It is transmitted during human contact with a sick animal or the place where the sick animal lived. First, the hair is affected (festering crusts appear), then the disease spreads to the skin of the body.

It is worth noting that it is important to know what ringworm looks like in humans (photos of patients with this diagnosis can be viewed on the information boards in medical institutions or from the attending physician). Indeed, thanks to such knowledge, the disease can be diagnosed on its own. early stage when it can be dealt with without much effort.

Pityriasis rosea

What does it look like pityriasis rosea in a person? So, initially it should be noted that this is a dermatosis that has either an infectious-allergic or viral nature. This type of disease does not spread very actively, so doctors say that the disease is extremely rare in large groups. Since pityriasis rosea is most often provoked by various viral infections, the peak incidence occurs in the autumn-spring period.

The first rashes can most often be found on the neck, chest, and back. If we are talking about children, then pityriasis rosea can also occur on the scalp and even on the face. However, before marks appear on the body, the patient first has a fever, joint pain, body aches, and general malaise.

What does lichen look like in a person with this type of disease? So, initially the so-called “maternal” spot appears. It has a pink color. And over the course of a week, other, daughter spots spread from it. The features of the rash in this case are as follows:

• This lichen is most often located on the tension lines of the patient’s skin.
• The symptom of “crumpled tissue paper” appears.
• A special sunken area appears in the center of the mother spot.

It should be noted that this disease lasts a very long time. In this case, the patient will feel severe itching and discomfort. If treatment is incorrect, the disease can last much longer, becoming chronic.

Herpes zoster

Let's look further at what lichen looks like in humans. So, it’s time to dwell on this type of disease, shingles. Initially, it should be noted that this problem appears due to the influence of the chickenpox virus. The disease itself is characterized by damage to the roots nervous system. Basically, shingles occurs in those people whose immunity is severely weakened (as a rule, these are patients with HIV infection, patients with cancer, the elderly, and those who take corticosteroids).

Symptoms that are observed with this type of disease:

• Intoxication.
• Feverish syndrome.
• Ganglioneuritis (affects ganglion, which is called a ganglion).
• Meningoencephalitis (occurs in particularly severe cases). This is an infectious disease of the meningitis group.

How does this type of lichen manifest itself in a person? Photos of patients with this type of disease clearly demonstrate this. Thus, the rashes are located along the most sensitive nerves and are encircling in nature. Initially, the skin turns red, then rashes in the form of blisters form in these areas. After opening them, a crust appears. It is important to note that treatment should begin as early as possible. Otherwise, serious complications may arise.

Pityriasis versicolor

Another type of disease is pityriasis versicolor in humans. It is fungal in nature. It is most often found in countries with very hot and humid climates. The cause of this type of lichen is increased sweating. This problem mainly affects people with overweight bodies, as well as those that stay in a hot environment for a long time. The first rashes appear on the back, shoulders, neck and chest. The spots have yellowish color, irregular shape, peel off when scraped. As the disease progresses, they merge.

Ringworm

And the last type of this disease is lichen ruber. This is a special dermatosis, which is based on multiple mechanisms:

• Viral.
• Allergic.
• Infectious.
• Endocrine.
• Neurogenic.

With this disease, it is the mucous membranes that are most often affected. Nails and hair part of the body - less often. The rashes are localized mainly on the flexural surfaces, as well as on the mucous membranes of the mouth or genitals. Appearance of lichen ruber: these are red papules of irregular shape with an indentation in the middle. These formations are characterized by a waxy sheen, the presence of plaques and a blood network.

Basics of getting rid of the problem

We further consider such a problem as lichen in humans (photos, treatment, prevention - all this is available in our review). It must be said that when the first symptoms appear - any rashes on the skin - you need to immediately seek help. medical care. After all, this is the only way to diagnose the disease at the earliest stage and get rid of it as quickly as possible. What are the basics of treatment for lichen? It is worth noting that the process of getting rid of the problem and the prescription of certain remedies will depend on the type of disease. Thus, during treatment, both external preparations (ointments) and internal use(pills, injections).

Treatment of pityriasis rosea

How is pityriasis rosea treated in humans? So, first of all, the doctor will have to prescribe antibacterial agents. And all because the nature of the disease in this case is infectious. However, often getting rid of the problem occurs without these medications.

What is the treatment for pityriasis rosea in a person if it has become chronic (i.e. advanced)? In this case, they may be appointed the following drugs:

• Antibiotics (drugs “Terramycin”, “Biomitsin”).
• Antihistamines (drugs “Suprastin”, “Tavegil”)
• Vitamin complexes.

The use of special ointments and mash (for external use) is mandatory.

It is also important to note that you need to limit water procedures and temporarily stop wearing synthetic and woolen clothing. The recovery process will take approximately 5-8 weeks.

Treatment of herpes zoster

This type of treatment of lichen in humans is carried out exclusively in a hospital setting. The following medications may be prescribed to patients:

1. You can combat immunosuppression with the drugs Immunoglobulin, Ribovirin or Acyclovir intravenously.
2. Ointments containing an antibiotic are used.
3. If necessary, painkillers such as Ketonal and Ibuprofen may be prescribed.

Treatment of pityriasis versicolor and ringworm

When considering a disease such as lichen in humans (photos and treatment are presented in the article), it is imperative to talk about ways to get rid of ringworm and pityriasis versicolor. The main thing in this case is the prescription of antifungal drugs (after all, these diseases are caused by a fungal infection). In this case, patients are often prescribed the following drugs: Griseofulvin, Orungal. If pityriasis versicolor is also prescribed special shampoos. For example, Nizoral.

Ointments are also prescribed for human lichen in this type of disease. This may be Lamisil cream, miconazole or tar ointment.

It will take about a month to get rid of these types of lichen.

Treatment of red lichen

How to get rid of this type of disease? In this case, the doctor will first prescribe antihistamines. These could be drugs such as Tavegil or Suprastin. Other remedies:

• Antibacterial drugs wide range actions.
• Quinoline derivatives. These are drugs such as Plaquenil and Delagil.
• Vitamin complexes. Special attention In this case, you should pay attention to taking vitamins A and E.
• Immunomodulators.
• For local application ointments containing antibiotics or glucocorticosteroids are needed.

Recovery

Having considered the treatment of lichen in humans, I would also like to say a few words about what the healing process of the affected skin areas will look like. This question, by the way, worries quite a lot of people. It is worth noting that everything depends on the type of disease. So, during the healing process, the affected areas will gradually peel off and their color will gradually fade. The following factors may indicate that recovery is near:

• Reducing the intensity of itching until it disappears.
• No weeping bubbles.
• No new affected skin areas.

Prevention

As everyone knows, it is better to prevent a disease. After all, it will be much more expensive and longer to deal with it afterwards. What should you remember in this case?

The first rule: limit contact with street animals. Very often they are the carriers of, for example, ringworm. If this happens, you should immediately wash your hands with soap. It is also good to use any disinfectant. Until you wash your hands, you are prohibited from touching any parts of your body, especially your head.

Maintaining personal hygiene is the second rule of prevention. So, you need to wash your hands as often as possible. You also need to remember that you should not lean your head against the seats on public transport.

Rule three - personal household items. So, each person should have his own comb, towel and other personal items if we are talking about someone else’s team. It is better to follow this rule at home. If someone in the family has lichen, all things that the infected person has come into contact with must be disinfected.

And, of course, you should always maintain your immunity at the proper level. After all, a strong, healthy body will not be affected by any disease, including lichen. You need to eat vitamin-rich, balanced food. It is also good to periodically take various vitamin complexes.

Manifestations skin diseases, as a rule, cause not only physical, but also psychological discomfort. This is especially true if the skin of the face, neck, and human hair is affected. A colorful example of a dermatological pathology that develops as a result of an inflammatory process or an infection entering the body is lichen in humans. The disease is characterized by rashes on the epidermis, pigmentation disorders, peeling, burning and itching, and in some cases, partial hair loss.

The article provides information about the types of lichen and the characteristics of each of them. You can also find out how lichen manifests itself in a person, what symptoms are characteristic of the disease. At the same time, the material contains comprehensive information about methods of combating pathology in both traditional and folk ways.

Important! If you detect the first signs of dermatological pathologies, you should immediately contact a specialist. An experienced dermatologist diagnoses the disease, differentiates it from other pathologies with similar symptoms, and then prescribes effective treatment. Self-medication can aggravate the situation and provoke the development of complications in the form of bacterial infection.

Lichen in humans: contagious or not, main types of pathology

Ringworm is a dermatological disease that affects the upper layer of the epidermis and has infectious nature. It should be noted that people are wary of lichen because they are afraid of unwanted infection. To the question: is lichen contagious, there is no clear answer. It all depends on the type of pathology.

Category of contagious species of lichen

1. shingles;
2. ringworm;
3. pityriasis rosea (in rare cases, transmitted to people with reduced immunity);
4. pityriasis (transmitted under certain conditions).

As for other types of pathology, they are not transmitted during contact and do not pose a danger to others.

There are 8 main types of lichen in humans

1. pityriasis rosea;
2. encircling;
3. pityriasis;
4. flat;
5. tubular;
6. shearer;
7. weeping;
8. scaly.

Let us dwell in more detail on the symptoms and methods of treatment of each of the above types.

Pityriasis rosea

The first sign of pathology is the appearance of pink, scaly spots on the skin. The disease predominantly affects adolescents and middle-aged people. Pityriasis rosea appears less frequently in children. In the spring-autumn period, there are significantly more cases of pathology development than in winter and summer. Favorable ground for the progression of pink lichen or the so-called Zhiber's lichen is weakened by the transferred colds organism.

The specific reason for the appearance of this pathology on the skin has not been precisely established. claim that pityriasis rosea has viral nature, affects patients with reduced immunity. People prone to allergies are at risk.

In addition to the appearance of flaky pink spots, the following symptoms are characteristic of deprivation of Zhiber:

• increased body temperature;
• nausea, weakness;
• pain in the joints;
• pulse disturbance.

Pityriasis rosea develops in two stages

1. the appearance of maternal plaques with a diameter of 3 to 5 cm. As a rule, their number at the initial stage does not exceed 3 pieces;
2. after a maximum of 7 days, new plaques called daughter plaques form on the skin.

When affected by pityriasis rosea, dermatologists recommend:

• follow a hypoallergenic diet;
• reduce usage as much as possible detergents irritating the epidermis;
• wear clothes made from natural materials;
• Avoid baths, shower only.

Shingles

Shingles is of a viral nature; its causative agent is the same virus that provokes the development of chickenpox, so children who have had chickenpox are automatically at risk.

Factors contributing to the occurrence of the disease:

• suffered a serious illness;
• presence of HIV infection in the body;
• chemotherapy or radiation treatment;
• organ transplantation;
• severe hypothermia;
• chronic diseases.

Patients suffering from blood diseases, diabetes mellitus, and those prone to emotional and nervous breakdowns are more susceptible to the disease.

Pityriasis versicolor

This type of disease is characterized by the appearance of flaky spots on the epidermis. different colors, due to which pityriasis versicolor is also called versicolor. Pathology develops more often in young people. The causative agent of the disease is a yeast fungus that can be transmitted from person to person under the following circumstances:

1. violation of skin barrier function;
2. excessive sweating;
3. immune system dysfunction;
4. development of endocrine diseases;
5. the presence of microcracks and wounds on the skin.

Lichen planus

Lichen planus affects not only the skin, but also the nails, as well as the mucous membrane. Most probable reasons the appearance of lichen – decreased immunity, disorders metabolic processes. Representatives of the fairer sex are at risk.

How it manifests itself:

1. the appearance of red, crimson, and sometimes even red rashes purple;
2. the elements of the rash have an irregular shape and a shiny surface;
3. the lesion is accompanied by burning and itching;
4. the pathology is progressive in nature, the affected area increases every day;
5. nodules, in most cases ring-shaped, protrude above the skin. Sometimes erosions or ulcers form;
6. the rash has a group character, its elements gradually merge, forming a continuous lichen;
7. after healing, traces in the form of pigment spots remain in the affected areas.

The symptoms of lichen planus are so severe that making a diagnosis, as a rule, does not cause difficulties for dermatologists. Treatment is carried out using antihistamines and external agents, vitamin complexes.

Symptoms and treatment of tubular lichen

The etiology of tubular lichen is associated with the Malassezia fungus, which can live in sebaceous glands for a long time and does not manifest itself in any way. Decreased immunity and increased sweating provoke the activation of the fungus.

Signs of tubular lichen:

1. the appearance of flaky spots of small diameter on the skin;
2. gradual fusion of plaques, resulting in the formation of a fairly large spot, pink, yellow or brown.

The treatment is complex and involves the use of external agents local action, as well as drugs general action, in particular antifungal tablets.

Ringworm

Ringworm combines two diseases of fungal origin. The pathology is classified as contagious and is transmitted during close contact with an affected patient or sick animal.

The following are considered favorable conditions for infection:

1. reduced immunity;
2. the presence of wounds and microcracks on the skin;
3. neglect of basic rules of personal hygiene.

Most often, ringworm appears in children.

Symptoms of the disease:

1. the appearance of pink plaques on the skin, the formation of which is accompanied by itching and burning;
2. if the scalp is affected, the hair begins to break off, followed by partial loss;
3. with deep damage, complications may develop in the form of purulent plaque on the skin.

Additional information! Diagnosis of pathology is made by illuminating the site of the lesion in a Wood's lamp. For additional study, a scraping is taken from the rash element.

Treatment is carried out using external local drugs antifungal action. If the location of the pathology is the scalp, external agents are replaced with antifungal tablets.

Ringworm

Causes of weeping lichen:

1. immune system dysfunction;
2. genetic predisposition to the manifestation of the disease;
3. other disorders in the functioning of internal organs.

There are several types of pathology, but none of them are spread by contact.

Clinical picture:

• the appearance of red spots, mainly on the skin of the face and hands;
• with the development of the disease, vesicles filled with clear liquid form in the affected areas;
• bubbles burst over time, and weeping appears in their place;
• wet spots gradually dry out and become crusty.

The pathology is recurrent in nature.

The course of therapy usually involves the use of antihistamines, as well as potent external hormonal drugs. At the same time, dermatologists recommend sticking to proper nutrition, walking more fresh air, harden. Procedures that strengthen the immune system have a positive effect.

Squamosal lichen

Psoriasis or psoriasis is a dermatological autoimmune non-contagious disease, the manifestation of which is mainly caused by genetic factors and dysfunction of the immune system.

Symptoms of pathology:

1. formation of papules on the skin, gradually merging into larger lesions (plaques);
2. increased fatigue;
3. the appearance of itching and burning in places where the disease is localized.

The danger of the disease is that it is completely impossible to get rid of it. Medical therapy helps reduce symptoms and achieve significant remission.

For this use:

1. ointments for external use;
2. general activities aimed at strengthening the immune system and improving overall health.

Treatment of deprivation with folk remedies

Along with traditional drugs, the use of traditional medicine is allowed in the treatment of lichen.

The following have a beneficial effect:

• ointments based on calendula, St. John's wort, burdock root;
• vinegar and cranberry compresses;
• garlic rubs.

Important! Treatment of lichen at home is possible only after consulting a dermatologist.

If you follow the recommendations of dermatologists and immunologists, you can get rid of the manifestations of one or another type of lichen quickly and painlessly. Using effective medical supplies and adherence to principles healthy eating promotes a speedy recovery.

Video about lichen

Scaly inflammatory formations on different areas skin caused pathogenic microorganisms, are combined into a group of dermatological diseases called “lichen”. The lesions are localized in different parts of the body:

• limbs;
• back;
• scalp.

There are five types of lichen. The affected areas differ in size, characteristics of the rash and localization of the spots:

Treatment

The question of how to treat lichen in humans has been successfully resolved. Timely contact with a specialist, diagnosis, treatment effective drugs, the use of traditional medicine can cope with any type of disease. The usual course of treatment for lichen is 1-3 weeks. With weak immunity and an advanced stage of the disease, it will take 1-2 months. The duration of the therapeutic course and medications are determined by the attending physician. Scheme therapeutic measures depends on several factors:

• type of lichen;
• causes of the disease;
• presence of contraindications;
• existing concomitant diseases.

Treatment at home

Strict adherence to doctor’s prescriptions is the main factor that helps to quickly cure lichen. Therapy at home requires compliance with a number of hygiene rules:

• limit the patient’s contact with other people;
• wash and iron the patient’s bedding and underwear daily;
• allocate separate dishes for it;
• After carrying out procedures for treating lesions, disinfect your hands special solution, prepared according to instructions;
• Do wet cleaning of the room every day using disinfectants (for example, with Alaminol, Alpinol).

Treatment of deprivation in humans with drugs

Medicines that are used to treat lichen have antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial effect. Tablets and ointments are the main pharmacological forms of drugs. The simultaneous use of products for internal and external use has a strong therapeutic effect. For complex forms of pathology, antibiotics and hormonal ointments are prescribed. The list of required medications includes vitamins and other means to enhance immune defense.

Ringworm

The course of treatment for ringworm type of disease lasts 2-6 weeks. A conclusion about recovery is made based on the results of tests (scrapings) done after a week or a month, which did not reveal the fungus. Drug therapy prescribed by a dermatologist. A set of measures is effective, so the scheme includes a variety of drugs and pharmacological forms. Lesions are thoroughly treated 2-3 times a day antifungal ointments:

• Clotrimazole;
• Miconazole;
• Lamisil.

Special shampoos help get rid of pathogenic fungus on the scalp: Nizoral, Mycozoral, Sebozol. They soothe the skin, eliminate burning, and restore the affected areas. In addition to the medications mentioned above, the treatment regimen involves the following measures:

• The affected areas of the skin are treated in the evening with sulfur, sulfur-tar, salicylic ointment.
• Bald spots are lubricated daily with 5% iodine. The procedure has a drying and disinfecting effect.
• Vidal's milk is prepared at the pharmacy according to a doctor's prescription. It's local antifungal agent based on boric acid, sulfur lotion, alcohol, salicylic acid and other components.
• Corticosteroid drugs Sinaflan, Triderm, Hydrocortisone are prescribed when severe inflammation and itching. These drugs have a high risk of side effects, so their use is limited to 5 days.
• Tablet antifungal drugs Terbinafine, Itraconazole, Griseofulvin, Ketoconazole are used to treat extensive lesions and severe course infectious disease. They are taken according to the instructions. An overdose of pharmaceuticals negatively affects the functionality of the liver and kidneys. Medicines are prescribed with caution to pregnant women and women during lactation, to patients with chronic pathologies, children preschool age.
• It is useful to take immunomodulators, drugs Troxevasin, Ascorutin to strengthen the walls of blood vessels.

Pink

Treatment for Gilbert's disease (or pityriasis rosea) lasts 4-6 weeks. To relieve inflammation and eliminate painful itching, the doctor prescribes antihistamines:

• Cetrin;
• Suprastin;
• Claritin;
• Zyrtec.

During the treatment of pityriasis rosea, it is necessary to take vitamin and mineral complexes. In severe cases, medications are prescribed to stimulate the immune system. Depending on the patient’s condition, the following is additionally used:

• When the temperature rises, it is necessary to take antipyretics.
• The affected areas are treated with non-hormonal ointments.
• Peach, sea buckthorn and others soften the skin in areas of inflammation natural oils.
• Hormonal ointments Hydrocortisone and Prednisolone are used for severe disease. They quickly eliminate the unpleasant manifestations of the disease.
• To prevent the spread of rashes, the lesions are treated with antiseptics - Sangviritrin, Chlorophyllipt.
• When scratching the skin, there is a high risk of attachment streptococcal infection, therefore antibacterial drugs are prescribed.

The treatment regimen does not include treating foci of infection with iodine, sulfur ointment, or drugs containing salicylic acid. These products dry out the skin and aggravate the patient's condition. When conducting water procedures Do not rub the skin with a washcloth, this leads to the spread of infection. You cannot take baths or steam your skin. It is advisable not to wet the affected areas.

The patient's condition is aggravated by exposure to ultraviolet rays on the skin. Except complex treatment patients are recommended special diet, use is unacceptable alcoholic drinks. You should not wear underwear made of synthetic fabrics, so as not to provoke increased sweating and additional skin irritation. Relapses cause hypothermia, severe physical activity, stress.

red flat

The use of corticosteroids and chemotherapy drugs Hydroxychloroquine, Chloroquine is the main treatment for lichen planus at home. The treatment regimen includes:

• At acute conditions antibiotics are prescribed penicillin group.
• In the background antibacterial therapy microflora protection is mandatory, Linex and Nystatin are recommended.
• To treat foci of inflammation, use Hydrocortisone or Prednisolone ointment.
• Antihistamines - Suprastin, Tavegil - help relieve itching. New generation drugs Zyrtec, Cetrin have less side effects.
• Multivitamins support immunity high content vitamins A, E, C, echinacea tincture, ginseng.
• Cooling menthol-based preparations reduce irritation.
• For severe pain, analgesics are recommended - Ketanov, Ibuprofen, Paracetamol and others.

Shingles

Antiherpetic drugs Famciclovir, Acyclovir, Valtrex are used to treat herpes zoster. The complex of therapeutic measures includes:

• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Indomethacin, Ibuprofen (ointment or tablets), gel with Lidocaine relieve pain and itching.
• Paracetamol will help eliminate fever and normalize body temperature.
• Zelenko, Fukortsin (or Castellani liquid), and other antiseptics are used to treat vesicles (vesicles with liquid), this prevents the spread of infection.
• Epigen cream based on glycyrrhizic acid is especially effective for shingles.
• Corticosteroids are not prescribed; they worsen the patient's condition and cause side effects.
• In case of severe skin pathology, in case of bacterial infection, antibiotics are prescribed.
• Taking antidepressants, using physiotherapy, acupuncture, plasmaphoresis (a blood purification method) are necessary for especially severe patients.

Multi-colored

Ultraviolet rays – chief assistant in the fight against the pathogen of a multi-colored type of pathology. The use of medications must be combined with sunbathing. Treatment for lichen versicolor at home includes:

• The use of external agents - Miconazole ointment, Bifosin cream, salicylic lotion, Clotrimazole solution and others. Dermatologists advise treating lesions with antifungal ointments during the day and drying the surfaces in the evening. alcohol solutions(peel off the top layer), reapply antifungal drugs at night. The course of treatment is 2 weeks.
• For extensive skin lesions and ineffective external treatment, tableted antifungal drugs are prescribed - Terbinafine, Clotrimazole, Fluconazole, Nizoral, Ketoconazole, Itraconazole.

Treatment of deprivation with folk remedies

In folk medicine, there are universal and specific recipes for the treatment of lichen. Effective and easy to prepare remedies:

• Based on birch tar. Mix 150 g of tar, yolks of 2 eggs, 100 g of fresh cream thoroughly. Treat affected areas morning and evening until full recovery skin.
• With peas. Pour 1 cup of dry peas with 3 cups of water, boil for 15 minutes over low heat, and cool. Apply the decoction to the affected areas several times a day until complete recovery. The composition can be used for compresses.
• Apple cider vinegar has antiseptic properties. They moisten the foci of inflammation with the pityriasis type 5 times a day. The course of treatment is 7 days. Treatment of ringworm with folk remedies includes the use apple cider vinegar for compresses. The procedure is performed 6 times a day.
• Freshly squeezed juice of cranberry, aloe, celandine (mixed with vodka in equal parts) is applied to the affected areas of the skin until the disease disappears completely.
• Based on celery. Grind the roots and leaves of the plant in a 1:1 ratio. Apply the resulting paste to the inflamed areas daily. Take 2 tablespoons of freshly squeezed celery juice 3 times a day.
• Buckwheat decoction. Pour a glass of cereal with 3 glasses of water, boil for 10 minutes, cool, strain. Wipe the affected areas of the skin with the decoction several times a day. This remedy is effective for pityriasis versicolor.
• Dough. Knead the yeast dough. Let it rise in a warm place. Place a small portion of the dough on sore spot. Cover the treated area with film and wrap it in natural fabric. Leave the compress for 2 hours. After the procedure, rinse the treated area of ​​skin with water at room temperature. The lichen goes away in 3-5 days.
• Fir oil and vodka are mixed in equal parts. Shake the mixture thoroughly before use. Moisten medicinal liquid cotton pad and apply it to the affected area, grabbing areas healthy skin. Hold for 5-10 minutes. Remove the cotton pad and lubricate the treated area. vegetable oil, any fatty cream, Vaseline. Carry out the procedure 5 times a day.

In children

Ringworm is a common pathology in children. They have weak immunity, so the body is more susceptible to infections. For strong antifungal and antiviral drugs childhood is a contraindication. In folk medicine there are safe, effective medicines using natural ingredients:

• Calendula. Extract the juice from the fresh flowers of the plant. Wipe the affected areas of the skin with it.
• Propolis. Heat small pieces of the substance in a water bath. Mix melted propolis with butter in a ratio of 1:4. Apply the ointment to lichen spots 2 times a day; during the procedure, wrap the treated areas with a cloth. Or infuse 50 g of propolis in 200 ml of alcohol for a week. Lichens are treated with tincture 1-2 times a day. Course duration – 5 days.
• Beetroot with honey. Grate 100 g of fresh root vegetables on a fine grater, mix with 1 tablespoon of honey (if you are not allergic). Medicinal mixture Apply to the lesions and secure with film. Leave the compress for several hours. Apply until complete healing.
• Lemon. Cut fresh lemon into thin slices and apply them to sore spots. The duration of the procedure is no more than 1 minute. Repeat the procedure after 3 hours. The method is especially effective when infected from an animal.
• Garlic. Chop a few cloves of garlic and mix with 1 tablespoon of honey. Apply the prepared product to inflamed spots. The course of treatment is 3 weeks.

Video

What kind of disease is this? This is an inflammatory process that develops on the human skin, as a result of which the affected area of ​​the skin begins to peel off, appears itching And pigmentation(lightening or darkening), hair loss. There is no exact answer to the question of whether it is a fungus or not. The thing is that the name of the disease combines several varieties of this disease.

The causative agent of lichen can be some types of mushrooms or viruses. The cause of lichen and the further course of the disease depend on their type.

1. Zooanthropophilic Fungi that cause lichen are most often transmitted to humans after contact with an animal.
2. Anthropophilic- affects only human skin.
3. Geophilic- live in the soil. Ringworm, caused by this group of fungi, can be contracted after contact with contaminated soil.
4. In medicine, there are a number of diseases ( or) caused by viruses (for example, the herpes virus).

The strong immune system of many people is able to fight off the infection on its own and lichen does not develop in such cases.

Types and signs of lichen in humans

Each type of lichen has its own symptoms, routes of infection and course of the disease, so it is worth considering each of them separately.

1. There are diseases similar to lichen: guttate,.
2. The disease may progress after taking certain perfumes, hygiene products and ointments.
3. Scars that appear after scratching disfigure the skin.

Contagious this type depriving or not, it is impossible to say for sure, since you need to know the circumstances of its manifestation.

on the body and its signs. Fungus, lichen is present on the body of every person, but the disease begins to develop under the influence of certain factors ( excessive sweating, presence of diabetes mellitus, etc.).
The first signs of lichen in a person can appear on any part skin, including hair. At first a lot appears small itchy spots having different colors.
Characteristic sign - irregular shape with clearly defined edges. Ignoring treatment, the spots begin to merge with each other, forming one large spot.

The disease is not contagious, but its symptoms can be confused with or, and this will be more serious.

Skin disease. Signs of shingles in humans begin with general malaise (fatigue, headaches, fever). Later, a rash appears along the nerve trunks, after which the acute period of the disease begins:

1. Temperature up to 40º, and with it general intoxication.
2. Initially small rashes increase in diameter and fill with a transparent liquid.
3. At the sites of formations there is burning pain and difficulty in movement.
4. The lymph nodes begin to enlarge.

After a month general condition comes back to normal and the bubbles dry out and disappear, but the disease can haunt a person for many years. The disease is considered individual and non-transmissible.

. The first signs of ringworm in humans appear after the incubation stage, which lasts from 5 days to 2 months. Ringworm strikes scalp, forming round or oval spots in which the hair is broken off less than 1 cm in length.
As a result of ignoring the problem, spots forming bald spots begin to merge into a single spot. They easily move to other parts of the body, where they look like a flaky oval spot with a raised ridge along the crown. Routes of infection include infected animals and people.

Signs of lichen in children

When faced with the first signs of lichen in children, you should definitely see a dermatologist. Disease on early stages cured in 1 - 2 weeks. Self-medication is contraindicated, since first you need to determine the type of lichen, which will determine the subsequent use of drugs.

Skin diseases are the most widespread in terms of their manifestation, because they are not so easy to hide from others: they are almost always in plain sight and cause both physical and psychological discomfort. Morally, it is much easier for an adult to survive a sore throat than chicken pox or lice. And if one of the varieties of such a disease as lichen is included in the ranks of sores, then even a trip to the dermatologist turns into terrible torture.

You need to know the enemy by sight in order to effectively fight him. Currently allocated 6 types of the above disease. However, in reality, nothing stands still, any living organism, including microorganisms - the causative agents of all kinds of diseases, evolves, changes, acquires new properties, becomes more resistant to destructive factors, these are the laws of life on Earth, so it is clear to say that there are varieties 6 is at least inappropriate. But we will still adhere to classical opinions on this matter. So, 6 types of lichen:

1. Ringworm (trichophytosis);
2. Scaly lichen (psoriasis);
3. Shingles;
4. Pityriasis (multicolored) lichen;
5. Lichen planus.

These are the main forms that most often appear in humans. Some of them are fungal in origin, others are viral, and others are dermatostomatitis. These diseases appear at a time when the immune system is undermined and the body is powerless to fight them on its own, so they progressing at an alarming rate. Here, your own vigilance and attentiveness to your feelings and condition is extremely important, because timely diagnosis- the key to successful future treatment. It is worth talking about each disease separately in order to find out its nature and understand what you should be wary of and what to pay special attention to.

An infectious disease of human skin, which is a concomitant factor and is accompanied by characteristic spotty rashes. As a rule, the primary so-called maternal plaque- an inflamed area of ​​skin of a round or oval shape with a flaky epicenter. It can appear anywhere: on the back, stomach, neck or even in the groin. Soon after its appearance, small pink spots appear all over the body.

The attached photo clearly shows the same maternal plaque and inflamed redness on the skin around it. This clinical picture observed in people with weakened immune systems. This usually happens after a serious illness, which literally undermines the protective mechanisms of the human body. Contrary to popular belief, pityriasis rosea is not contagious; it is not transmitted by contact or through spores.

Ringworm (trichophytosis)

Dermatomycosis, a skin disease of fungal origin that affects hairy areas of the body. It is an independent disease, not a concomitant one, and applies to both people and animals.

It is transmitted by any physical contact, that is, by contact with a sick object, by contact with flakes of skin or hair from an infected body, and can also be transmitted in the form of spores with clothing, water, if, for example, you are in the same pool or shower with a sick person. Although you are supposed to see a dermatologist before going to the pool, this is a one-time procedure, so there is a possibility that healthy person and a patient at an early stage of development of trichophytosis. But most often it happens that infection occurs through contact with sick animals. Therefore, ringworm is mainly observed in children, who at all times have been distinguished by their increased love for stray cats and dogs.

The attached photo clearly shows inflamed area of ​​scalp, hairless. This is lichen. It is called ringworm because mycosis attacks the roots of the hair, causing hair loss and subsequent baldness.

Lichen squamosus (psoriasis)

A non-infectious chronic relapsing disease associated with pathological dysfunctions of the human immune system. Appears as skin rashes and growths of red or yellow-white color. As a rule, the occurrence of psoriasis is caused by a disruption in the process of division and differentiation of epidermal cells, and overgrowth integumentary tissues. Rashes can appear anywhere: back, stomach, thighs, limbs, other parts of the body.

Squamous lichen is also not a concomitant disease, but due to a weakened immune system, patients often experience other diseases, both dermatological and other in nature and spheres of influence. Contrary to erroneous opinion, scaly lichen it is not transmitted by contact or other means, however, scientists note its genetic nature, which means it can be assumed that the likelihood of psoriasis is inherited. The presented photo clearly shows fused psoriatic plaques on the back and back of the arms of a sick person.

Shingles

A disease that has viral origin. In most cases, it does not make itself felt while the body is in good shape, but when the immune system is suppressed by a previous illness or stressful situation this form lichen manifests itself, and the following clinical picture is observed: red spots first appear on the skin along the location of the nerve trunks, which then turn into inflamed watery rashes that outwardly resemble a smallpox rash, localized in the form of a clot in a certain place. As a rule, the inflamed areas have a horizontal orientation and are located only on one side of the body.

The rash may appear on the neck, lower back, or from the back to the abdomen, but it is possible that they will appear in other places, for example, on the face or arms. The causative agent of the disease is one of the types of herpes virus, therefore, shingles is contagious and is transmitted through airborne droplets or through direct physical contact with a sick person. The photo shows a typical clinical picture of shingles: red, inflamed rashes from the back to the abdomen with watery blisters.

Pityriasis versicolor (lichen versicolor)

Fungal infection upper keratinized layers of the epidermis. The disease is notable for being caused by representatives class of lower symbiont mushrooms, permanently residing in the human body.

At normal functioning all systems of the body, these fungi support the functioning of the sebaceous and sweat glands, however, when sharp decline immunity, for example, after undergoing serious illness, prolonged stressful conditions, with hormonal imbalance, as well as with hyperfunction of the above-mentioned glands, they begin to multiply intensively and form first small pigmented areas, and then growths of dark brown or, conversely, light flesh-colored, scale-like in nature.

At the initial stage of development they look like age spots or areas of peeling skin However, later a radial pattern appears on the spots, indicating the fungal origin of this anomaly. Some people mistakenly confuse pityriasis versicolor with the disease Vitiligo, but as the spots on the skin develop, this misconception dissipates. The attached photo clearly shows pigmented areas of the skin with a characteristic pattern reminiscent of lichen on the bark of a tree. Contrary to popular belief, lichen versicolor is not contagious, that is, it is not transmitted in any known way, since it is part natural environment body.

Lichen planus

This is a disease classified as allergic dermatostomatitis. Various pathogens, including viruses and certain drugs, have been implicated in the development of lichen planus.

The disease affects the upper layers of the epidermis and the mucous membranes of the mouth and internal genital tract, manifesting itself in the form of small papules with an inflamed scaly surface of a red-violet color, having a waxy tint and a characteristic mesh pattern. Papules can form on inside cheeks, tongue, lips, joint bends. Often the rashes merge with each other, turning into larger structures. It is possible for ulcers to form at the site of inflamed plaques. The attached photo shows papules and plaques of a characteristic color with a mesh-like surface pattern.

How to diagnose lichen in yourself?

Firstly, it is worth remembering that the right to diagnose and prescribe treatment belongs exclusively to specialists - dermatologists who have studied the nuances of their responsible profession for many years. Secondly, you need to know that self-medication is always punishable by complications, often becoming chronic, so it is better to entrust your health to a person who knows his business. However, there are a number of signs by which one can presumably determine the nature of the origin of certain anomalies and detect them before the moment when the disease becomes severe, and therefore consult a doctor in a timely manner.

Main symptoms:

• Pityriasis rosea: the appearance of a large foreign single spot- maternal plaque, which has a yellow tint, a complex pattern and peels off. Soon, similar smaller rashes appear on the skin of the body, which indicate a disease. However, if a maternal plaque is detected, you should immediately contact a specialist. As a rule, pityriasis rosea appears after illness or stressful situations, struck at immune system body.
• Ringworm: in areas of the epidermis with abundant hair, including on the scalp, there is the appearance of ring-shaped spots of red or purple color, baldness at the site of the spots, itching, burning, and an abundance of dandruff on the head. The disease spreads throughout the body at an amazing rate, so it is extremely difficult not to notice all these symptoms. Ringworm - independent disease, is contagious and is transmitted both from animals and from humans through any contact.
• Lichen squamosus: dry, scaly inflammation appears on any part of the human body, be it the back, arms, legs or genitals. As a rule, single papules appear first - psoriatic plaques with a keratinized, waxy surface, which gradually spread throughout the body. Psoriasis can also affect nail plates, a sickly yellow heel also appears on them, and the nail begins to peel. It is worth noting that psoriasis is chronic disease, which are non-infectious in nature, which means they are not transmitted by any of the known methods.
• Shingles: severe pain, burning and itching long before manifestation visible signs, then the appearance of a rash at the sites where the nerve trunks pass, unilateral rashes. Watery, inflamed blisters form on the skin, often festering. In many cases, the rash resembles herpes in last stage its manifestations, which, in general, is not surprising, because both of these diseases are of the same nature.
• Pityriasis versicolor (varicolored): on the skin, most often in places profuse sweating- on the neck, lower back, under the chest - pigment spots of dark brown or light flesh color with a characteristic surface pattern are formed. The number and size of spots is constantly increasing, so it is not difficult to recognize this type of lichen. Fortunately, this disease does not pose a threat to life and health, so even if diagnosed later it is easy to treat.
• Lichen planus: red or purple inflamed papules with a waxy sheen appear on the mucous membranes or skin, slightly flaking and having a sieve-like pattern on the surface. At first, the rashes are minor and their size does not exceed 2-5 mm, however, then they grow, forming plaques that acquire a pale lilac hue. The mucous membranes affected by the disease become more sensitive, often the resulting inflammation brings pain and itching, bleeding of the gums and inner surface of the cheeks, and periodic dry lips are observed.

It is worth mentioning again that the final and only correct diagnosis can only install specialist with higher medical education. Self-dealing in relation to one’s own health and the health of one’s loved ones is nothing more than a crime, which, although not prosecuted by law, is cruelly punished by life itself. If a dermatologist has doubts, he will not guess on the coffee grounds, but will send a sample for analysis, after which he will still be able to determine accurate diagnosis, the cause and prescribe appropriate treatment - correct and effective.

So what are the common prerequisites for visiting a dermatologist can be identified:

All these signs indicate that skin condition is abnormal, which means the cause of these deviations should be identified as soon as possible in order to prevent the development of complications.

Ringworm in humans