Streptoderma is a skin disease caused by infectious bacteria streptococci. They enter the thickness of the skin and begin their vital activity in it, causing redness and thickening of the upper layer of the epidermis.

Outwardly, it is not very aesthetically pleasing, so people are often embarrassed to go to the doctor. Therefore, in this article we will look at some ways to treat streptoderma at home.

Signs of streptoderma

The disease begins with mild itching, which occurs mainly on the most sensitive areas of the body (face, groin, inner side shoulder, etc.). This is the so-called incubation period.

At the end of it (7-10 days), pinkish spots of irregular shape appear on the skin, which after a few days acquire a bubbly structure and an orange or burgundy color. If you pry the plaques with your fingernail, they can begin to bleed and fester. Therefore, this should absolutely not be done.

The danger of streptoderma

If the disease went away on its own and did not entail any consequences, then it would be possible to safely forget about it. But streptoderma carries infectious nature, therefore often occurs with fever and inflammation lymph nodes. All this is painful and unpleasant.

If you do not start streptoderma and start treatment on time, the plaques will disappear without a trace. If the disease takes a deep form, then even after eliminating the plaques, unsightly scars will remain in their place, and the skin will become thin and vulnerable.

Complex treatment

Treatment of streptoderma in adults is carried out comprehensively and takes on average 3 weeks, if you start taking action on time. The following methods are used:

1. Antibiotics (in particular, Penicillin, Amoxicillin, Azithromycin).
2. Preparations that restore microflora: Linex.
3. Multivitamins: Complivit, Centrum, Multitabs, etc.
4. Immunomodulators: Likopid, Immunofan.
5. Physiotherapy: UV irradiation, UHF, laser therapy.
6. Local treatment (ointments, antiseptic solutions).
7. Dieting.

The first 5 points of treatment are carried out as prescribed by the doctor after an accurate diagnosis has been established. To do this, an external examination is carried out, tests are taken (stool and urine), and a bacterial culture is done to determine the nature of the infection. The sixth point - the use of local remedies - can also be carried out if examination by a specialist is not possible. We'll talk about the diet for streptoderma a little later.

What to smear

Various antibacterial ointments and solutions help get rid of plaques on the skin.

• Zinc. Streptococcus is very sensitive to zinc. Zinc ointment helps soften plaque, and its fatty base allows for long-lasting effects. It is advisable to use this product in daytime without a bandage, and at night apply ointment under a bandage (not a plaster!).
• Tsindol. Popularly known as chatterbox, because before application you need to shake the bottle thoroughly to mix the sediment with water. In a sense, zindol is an analogue of zinc ointment, because its active ingredient is zinc oxide. It is recommended to use mash for the raw form of streptoderma, because the solution dries out plaques well and has an antiseptic effect.
• Baneocin. This is a combined antimicrobial ointment containing two active antibiotics. Active ingredient– bacitracin, to which streptococcus is sensitive.
• Syntomycin. Substance based on itself famous antibiotic chloramphenicol. The product is good because it does not have a strong odor or color. Synthomycin ointment destroys almost all types of streptococcal bacteria.
• Pyolysin. Combination drug, which has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and immunostimulating effects. The composition of the ointment is quite rich in elements that help fight streptoderma even in severe form: bacterionicin, pyocinase, zinc oxide, salicylic acid.

There is no need to use all of the ointments listed at once. It is enough to choose one and observe its effectiveness within 5-7 days. If there is no improvement, you should switch to another remedy.

Diet

To make streptoderma treatment more effective, you should slightly change your diet. From strict restrictions highlight:

• chocolate;
• ice cream;
• jam;
• baking;
• spicy;
• roast.

• fresh berries (cranberries, lingonberries, blueberries, blackberries, raspberries, strawberries, etc.). They are richest sources antioxidants;
• dairy products. Beneficial in protein, calcium and vitamin D. All this is necessary for the restoration of epidermal cells and the functioning of the immune system;
• white cabbage. It contains many natural antibiotics that destroy bacteria from the inside, which is very important for streptoderma;
• carrot. This is a source of carotene, an excellent antioxidant designed to fight infection;
• coconut. Coconut milk is a good antimicrobial agent;
• garlic. Perhaps the most famous antiviral product with antibacterial and antifungal properties;
• greens (in particular spinach, celery, parsley). Rich in vitamin C, iron, magnesium, etc.;
• whole grains (brown rice, flax seeds, sesame seeds, etc.);
• lemon. Strengthens the immune system, weakened after streptoderma.

Avoid moisture

Patients with streptoderma often wonder whether it is possible to swim with this disease. Swimming in rivers or lakes is out of the question, because microorganisms living in bodies of water can easily penetrate the skin through open purulent plaques. You should also not visit the pool, because the chlorine contained in the water negatively affects the course of streptoderma. And for reasons of hygiene, this should not be done.

In general, the main principle of treating streptoderma is drying out the plaques. Therefore, it is not recommended to wet the affected areas.

It is advisable not to take a general shower, but to limit yourself to local washing of individual areas of the body.

Streptoderma in children

For children, this disease is more dangerous, because Children's skin is very sensitive. Parents should be attentive to the child and, as soon as they notice redness on his skin, immediately consult a doctor.

Treatment of streptoderma in children at home is possible only with the permission of a doctor. This can only be the case when the disease has not yet acquired a deep form and manifests itself in the form of pinkish spots. Parents should immediately do the following:

• protect the child from contact with other children (streptoderma can be transmitted through toys and other common objects);
• Avoid contact with water on areas affected by plaques;
• Wipe loose areas of skin with a towel soaked in a decoction of chamomile or string to prevent the spread of streptococci;
• do not allow the child to scratch the affected areas;
• provide the baby with a separate towel and cutlery;
• put everything away for a while soft toys, replacing them with plastic ones. The latter should be washed regularly and wiped with a weak alcohol solution (10%);
• Every day, iron the child’s bed linen with a hot iron, change clothes and pajamas.

As for the question of how to treat streptoderma in a child, the principles are the same. Only the dosage of antibiotics and vitamins is several times less. Also, children are often prescribed physical procedures that can be performed at home with a blue or quartz lamp.

Traditional medicine against streptoderma

Treatment of streptoderma folk remedies can be classified as a separate method. This is often resorted to by people living in villages and without access to qualified medicine, as well as by those who are accustomed to trusting natural power. Let's look at a few simple and effective recipes.

For drying

Chamomile or oak decoction It is quite capable of replacing store-bought drying agents.

Bandages soaked in chamomile or oak decoction should be applied to the affected areas several times a day.

For dry plaques

Collect in May-June elderberry bark. Dry and grind. 1 tbsp. pour a glass of milk, bring to a boil and simmer over low heat for another 10 minutes. Cool and use as a lotion.

For purulent plaques

If streptoderma has become purulent and weeping plaques appear on the skin, then you can apply lotions from a mixture of grated garlic and ground pepper (equal ratio).

Apply the product to double-folded gauze and then to the affected area.

For immunity

Hazel bark and leaves(1 tbsp) pour a glass of boiling water and leave for half an hour. Strain and take 2 tablespoons of the infusion before each meal... Helps strengthen the immune system weakened by streptoderma.

Prevention

To avoid streptoderma, it is enough to follow basic rules of personal hygiene:

• do not contact people with skin rashes;
• Wash your hands and face regularly when in public places;
• If wounds or scratches occur, be sure to treat them antiseptic solutions;
• monitor the state of your immune system and try to strengthen it through exercise and being in the fresh air.

Many people ask how long streptoderma lasts. But there is no clear answer to this question. It all depends on the quality of treatment, its timely start, as well as general condition human health. In any case, after suffering from streptoderma, simple preventive measures should be followed to prevent the disease from occurring again.

Skin diseases caused by streptococci, mainly beta-hemolytic pyogenic streptococcus group A.

Under the influence of bacteria, the skin begins to become covered with purulent rashes, which later turn into round spots, pink in color and peel off. The size of streptoderma foci ranges from several millimeters to several centimeters in diameter. The lesions are localized mainly on the back, face and lower extremities.

Streptoderma most often affects children and women, as well as people with weakened immune systems who have chronic diseases. Outbreaks of streptoderma occur in children's groups, where streptoderma is transmitted by shared toys. Adults are more likely to become infected from children.

Treatment depends on the type of streptoderma and the extent of the infection. The incubation period lasts 7 days, after which the disease progresses rapidly. If the disease is noticed early, treatment is carried out locally. As a rule, ointments containing antibiotics are used.

Symptoms

The first symptoms of streptoderma are pinkish round spots, 4 cm in size. If the disease is not treated in time, the blisters merge, covering large areas of the skin. The rash appears mainly on the face, arms and legs, back, and buttocks. When the stains disappear, a white mark remains for some time.

There are no subjective sensations with streptoderma. In the absence of treatment, the following symptoms are added:

• increased body temperature (up to 38 degrees);
• enlarged lymph nodes;

Dry streptoderma

This type of disease is considered severe and most often occurs in adult men or preschool-aged boys. Dry streptoderma is characterized by the appearance of white spots, usually oval or round, the size of which does not exceed 5 centimeters. Foci of skin lesions quickly become covered with scabs and are initially localized only in visible areas of the body, later covering the rest of the epidermis. After recovery, these areas of the body remain unpigmented for a long time.

Which doctors should I contact?

Stages

Depending on the type of processes occurring and the degree of damage to the skin, 3 stages of streptoderma are distinguished:

How and with what to treat

To treat streptoderma, antibacterial and antiseptic drugs are used that help destroy pathogens. For local treatment, external agents containing antibiotics are used. Sometimes injections are given for streptococcus.

In the affected areas, skin treatment is done. Pustules and blisters are opened at the base with sterile needles, and then the affected areas of the skin are treated with aniline dyes twice a day. After this, a dry aseptic bandage with disinfectant ointments is applied to the affected areas. The crusts are lubricated with salicylic petroleum jelly.

For the treatment of streptoderma, in addition to local drugs prescribe:

• restorative drugs;
• vitamins;
• therapeutic ultraviolet irradiation of affected skin areas;
• ultraviolet blood irradiation (UFOI).

If streptoderma becomes chronic, blisters form on the skin and require opening. If weeping erosions occur, apply disinfectant bandages. When treatment reaches the final stage, patients are recommended to apply sulfur-tar ointments, which eliminate residual inflammation.

Treatment

With adequate therapy mild degree The disease (impetigo) can be treated within 5-7 days. Severe degrees of the disease will take longer - up to several months. Treatment can last up to 3 months if the body’s immunity is weakened. After consultation with a doctor, therapy is carried out independently at home. Apply complex treatment streptoderma.

General principles of treatment

• exclude contact with water;
• wear clothes only made from natural fabrics;
• observe temperature regime indoors;
• adhere to a hypoallergenic diet with the exception of fatty, spicy and sweet foods.

Local treatment

For local treatment of streptoderma, the blisters must be opened with a sterile needle, the pus removed and the skin treated with aniline dyes 2 times a day. To prevent the lesions from enlarging, the skin around them is lubricated with salicylic or boric alcohol. To dry the wet surface, resorcinol and silver nitrate are applied to it.

At the stage of appearance of symptoms of streptoderma in the form of crusts, bandages with ointments are used:

• ficidin;
• chloramphenicol;
• erythromycin;
• tetracycline;
• Physiderm.

Drug treatment

The following drugs are used in the treatment of streptoderma:

• Antibiotics (macrolides, penicillin series).
• Immunomodulators (immunofan, lykopid).
• Desensitizing agents (suprastin, claritin, telfast).
• Vitamin therapy (vit. A, C, P, group B).
• Antipyretics (paracetamol).
• Antiseptics for local application(miramistin, chlorhexidine, erythromycin ointment, levamicol).

Traditional home remedies

In combination with antibacterial therapy use remedies recommended by traditional medicine:

It is recommended to make special lotions from a pulp obtained from fresh puffball mushroom.

Dry oak leaves are crushed and sprinkled on the rash. Instead of oak, horsetail grass is used.

Powders made from hairy hawkweed are used. The plant is dried and ground into powder.

Brew in 200 ml. boiling water 1 spoon of oak bark and let it brew for an hour. Lubricate the affected areas with this infusion before going to bed. Infusions from string, celandine, and sage are prepared in the same way.

Lotions and compresses are also obtained by mixing ground black pepper and garlic juice. Such lotions help with weeping erosions and large ulcers.

To prepare the collection, combine the interior lard along with spruce resin powder and propolis. The ingredients are mixed and boiled in a water bath, then cooled and lubricated in areas affected by streptoderma.

Lotions for ulcers are made from oxalis leaves, which have a healing effect.

A quarter teaspoon of prepared alum powder is diluted in half a glass warm water and moisten the ulcers with the solution.

Pour 100 ml olive oil and 2 tablespoons of alder leaves. Heat the mixture in a water bath for 15 minutes, cool and lubricate the affected areas of the body.

Ointments based on honey and juice of unripe pomegranate help. The medicine is stored in the refrigerator.

An ointment with cistus root powder is also prepared based on honey. and also with radish juice.

The ointment with honey and garlic clove is evaporated in a water bath.

St. John's wort oil is suitable for compresses.

Hazel bark (1 spoon) is poured with boiling water (250 ml), infused in a thermos for 3 hours. Then apply it to the affected areas for 10 minutes, moistening a soft cloth in the infusion.

Considered a natural ointment pine resin, which is used to lubricate ulcers. Wash off this ointment carefully - wipe it with cotton wool and alcohol or vodka.

An infusion of walnut leaves helps heal ulcers and peel off scabs. To prepare, pour 2 tablespoons of crushed leaves into 300 ml. boiling water, leave for 2 hours. Apply applications moistened with this product to the skin for 15 minutes.

Reasons

Streptoderma is transmitted from person to person. Streptococci, which cause streptoderma in humans, are opportunistic microorganisms. This means that when the bacterium gets on the surface of the skin, it becomes a cause of disease in case of reduced immunity or in the presence of skin damage.

There are cases of infection with streptococci through the bites or touches of certain insects, as well as through contact with soil. The risk of developing streptoderma increases with the following diseases and conditions:

• varicose veins;
• circulatory disorders;
• endocrine disorders;
• gastrointestinal diseases;
• imbalance in skin metabolism;
• renal failure;
• diabetes mellitus.

Factors that increase the risk of streptoderma:

• state of the body after protracted infectious diseases;
• decreased immunity;
• metabolic disorders;
• hormonal imbalances;
• neurological diseases;
• intoxication and poisoning;
• hypovitaminosis;
• unbalanced diet;
• physical strain.

External factors aggravating the course of streptoderma:

• overheating or hypothermia;
• violation of hygiene rules;
• skin pollution;
• prolonged contact with water;
• high humidity.

In children, the disease develops due to infection by strains of the common microbial agent streptococcus. Decreased immunity of the child’s body and neglect of personal hygiene standards are the main reasons for the activation of streptococcus.

Due to age and children's curiosity, the skin, which is a protective barrier, is regularly exposed mechanical injuries. Against such a background, even small skin lesions in the form of cracks, scratches, abrasions or scratches become a cause of infection.

Sick children become carriers of the disease and infect healthy ones, so patients are isolated, which helps prevent a focal outbreak of the disease. Infection of the skin is also possible through dust containing pathogenic microorganisms, insects that carry pathogens on their legs, as well as against the background of other diseases.

Reasons

The reasons for the development of streptoderma are streptococcal bacterium and internal predisposing factors. Streptococcus is resistant to environmental factors, so it persists on objects used by children:

• toys;
• dishes;
• cloth;
• water and air;
• surface of the skin and mucous membranes.

For streptococcus to penetrate the skin, an entrance gate is required: an abrasion, scratching, or insect bite.

Routes of transmission of the disease:

• contact;
• airborne;
• food.

There are many factors predisposing to the development of streptoderma, the action of which ultimately leads to metabolic and immunological disorders. Third-party provocateurs that influence the severity and duration of the disease include:

• prematurity, delay in physical development;
• body weight deficiency;
• frostbite, burns;
• neglect of the rules of body hygiene;
• insufficient child care;
• poor nutrition.

Acute and chronic diseases affect the decrease in the resistance of the child’s body:

• diabetes mellitus;
• helminthiasis;
• allergy;
• skin diseases.

Only the combined effect of these factors provokes the occurrence of streptoderma.

How does streptoderma begin in children?

Parents often mistake the symptoms of the disease for signs of chickenpox. After an incubation period of 7 days, the child develops following signs diseases:

• small watery blisters surrounded by a halo of inflamed skin;
• whitish or reddish oval scaly spots;
• itching and burning in damaged areas;
• temperature rise to 38.5°C;
• swollen lymph nodes;
• weakness.

The main symptom of streptoderma in children is the appearance on the skin of small colorless blisters filled with liquid and surrounded by a specific red ring. These blisters then turn into small pustules, and the skin around them peels off in small scales.

Symptoms

Clinical signs of streptoderma in children of all ages are similar, differing only individual species diseases, regardless of the etiology and age of the child:

• increase in body temperature to 38.5°C;
• intoxication;
• headaches;
• loss of strength;
• muscle pain, muscle atony;
• aching joints;
• attacks of nausea and vomiting;
• inflammation of regional lymph nodes (at the location of the primary lesions);
• change in the number of leukocytes.

Types of childhood streptoderma are classified according to the location of the primary lesions, the depth of tissue damage and the intensity of typical symptoms.

How long does the disease last in children?

The duration of the acute stage of the disease is determined by the type, severity of the disease and timeliness of treatment. As a rule, it is 5–14 days.

How to treat

In most cases, treatment at home will be sufficient. Sometimes there is a need for hospitalization and inpatient treatment. The main guarantee of effective treatment of streptoderma is careful adherence to the doctor’s recommendations. Treatment is aimed at completely eliminating the pathogenic factor - streptococcus bacteria.

Erosive and ulcerative lesions are treated with antiseptic agents, which dries out the blisters. After this, antibacterial ointments or liniments are applied. To warn chemical burns healthy areas of the skin, it is recommended to apply the preparations pointwise. You can lubricate the affected areas with a solution of brilliant green, salicylic or boric acid, or fucorcin.

Antibiotics will be prescribed without fail: mild degree diseases, these drugs are used as part of local remedies; in severe situations, the child is forced to take medications orally or by injection. In the presence of concomitant diseases that affect the condition of the skin and immunity, antibiotics are prescribed along with steroid hormonal therapy. More often, agents based on tetracycline, gentamicin, lincomycin, and chloramphenicol are indicated.

Treatment

Treatment of streptoderma without complications in a child involves the following areas:

• hygiene requirements;
• antiseptic and antibacterial agents;
• antihistamines: loratadine, fexofenadine, cetirizine;
• immunomodulators and vitamin complexes.

The fundamental point in eliminating streptoderma is hygiene. If the skin is very and painfully itchy, you need to lubricate the affected areas every day. alcohol tincture Yoda. When streptoderma damage occupies a large area of ​​the body, it is recommended to refrain from water procedures, change clothes and bedding more often. Set aside dishes and toiletries only for the sick child that need to be washed thoroughly. hot water and soap.

Foci of streptoderma should be locally treated with antiseptics for rapid drying, only after that ointment or liniment should be used. Apply spot treatment using:

• salicylic acid;
• brilliant green;
• fucorcin;
• boric acid.

Drug treatment is based on the use of antibacterial agents. As a rule, the use of an antibacterial component only in the form of a local agent (ointment, gel, liniment), and only when treating a severely neglected child - in the form of tablets and injections. In severe cases, antibiotics are combined with steroid hormones. Streptoderma ointment for lubricating purulent foci contains the following components:

• tetracycline;
• erythromycin;
• chloramphenicol;
• gentamicin;
• lincomycin.

It is also used in the treatment of streptoderma in children and herbal medicine. Streptococcal bacillus is destroyed by burdock, garlic, onion, and yarrow. To prepare lotions, powders and ointments, decoctions and infusions based on medicinal plants are used.

In case of a long, slow process of the disease, vitamins A, C, P, group B are prescribed, and immunostimulating treatment is also used (autohemotherapy and courses of pyrogenal). Physiotherapeutic procedures (courses) are used as additional methods ultraviolet irradiation). Sometimes, to eliminate the source of infection, ultraviolet irradiation (purification) of the blood is done.

In addition, it is used laser therapy streptoderma. For treatment, massage is often used to remove dead cells from the body. The same method increases skin elasticity. With the help of massage they expand blood vessels and excess secretions are removed from the skin cells.

Systemic antibiotics for streptoderma are prescribed in the absence of the effect of local agents. More often, the doctor prescribes cephalosporins, modern macrolides or penicillins. Rehabilitation after completion of treatment is not required.

In severe cases, when streptoderma in a child enters the chronic stage, even surgical treatment to remove dead tissue. Sometimes the blisters are opened with a special sterile needle, after which bandages with special sterile lotions are immediately applied.

Diagnostics

As a rule, the diagnosis of streptoderma in a child is based on clinical signs. Laboratory and instrumental examinations are performed only to exclude other diseases or diagnose complications of streptoderma:

• blood test;
• X-ray of the lungs;
• Ultrasound of the heart;
• Lumbar puncture.

Consequences and complications

With adequate treatment, the disease does not leave cosmetic defects or consequences for the child’s health. Momentary disruption pigmentation in the affected area normalizes 1.5-2 months after recovery.

If not proper treatment the risk of the disease becoming chronic increases, which threatens regular relapses of streptoderma as provoking factors influence. At severe course Streptoderma is accompanied by secondary diseases, for example, guttate psoriasis.

Streptococcal bacteria, which cause the development of streptoderma, become the cause of scarlet fever, in which the skin is affected by a pink rash and the body temperature rises.

Serious but rare complications of streptoderma - septicemia (blood poisoning by bacteria) and streptococcal glomerulonephritis (kidney damage) can cause severe consequences, and sometimes death.

Streptoderma and pregnancy

It is possible to develop streptoderma in pregnant women. The reason for this is a lack of vitamins and decreased immunity. But during pregnancy, the disease rarely leads to complications and is easily treatable. However, if therapy is started at the wrong time, the disease becomes dangerous for the fetus. Through the placenta, streptococci penetrate into the amniotic fluid and disrupt normal development child.

Complications

Without adequate treatment, the disease becomes chronic, and the risk of developing bacterial eczema is high. Against the background of advanced streptoderma with weakened immunity, streptococcus can affect joints, cause cardiovascular diseases and kidney failure.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis is based on visual examination. To confirm the diagnosis, it is sometimes prescribed bacteriological examination separated conflict with additional determination of sensitivity to antibiotics. At microscopic laboratory research scraping is done from the affected area of ​​the skin. Only after the pathogens are detected, treatment is prescribed.

The differential diagnosis is established in comparison with pityriasis versicolor, eczema and dermatitis.

Prevention

To prevent streptoderma, compliance with the rules of personal hygiene is required. In case of skin injuries, even small ones (scratches, abrasions, cuts, bites), it is necessary to treat them with antiseptic agents. Do not forget also about the need to treat infectious diseases in a timely manner and lead a healthy lifestyle, because proper nutrition, sleep and walks in the fresh air weaken the body's defenses.

Questions and answers

Question:What antibiotics should be given to children with streptoderma?

Answer: Hello. Antibiotics are used wide range, which should only be prescribed by the attending physician. .

Question:Hello. My son is 5 years old, goes to kindergarten, about a week ago I discovered an oozing sore on his buttock, about 0.5 cm in diameter, they applied tetracycline ointment and the sore went away. 3 days ago, next to the former sore, exactly the same one appeared, we went to see a doctor and were told that our son had a streptococcal skin infection and was prescribed only tetracycline ointment and not to get it wet. The next day I discovered that two more pimples appeared on my buttock, and in the morning they formed into the same sores. Please tell me, maybe this disease is more serious than the doctor told us? Maybe some medicine is needed to remove this infection from inside the body?

Answer: Hello. If the rashes that you describe can be regressed under the influence of antibacterial ointments, then this is undoubtedly pyoderma, a type of which is streptoderma. In the treatment of recurrent, i.e. for recurring streptoderma, I also use oral antibiotics and immunostimulants. However, their appointment requires a real examination of the child and control. Contact the dermatologist at your place of residence again and the doctor will select drugs of the appropriate profile to stop this process in the right dosage for a given age.

Question:Hello. Our baby is 4 months old. We received the DPT vaccine (the second one), then dry pinkish spots appeared on the child’s shoulder. How to treat?

Answer: Hello. An in-person examination by a doctor is required, most likely topical steroids (Advantan) + emollients (special Emolium cream).

Question:Hello. My child has streptoderma. What can you say about this infection, how to treat it, what are the consequences.

Answer: Hello. This is an infection caused by streptococci. Characterized by the formation of stains and conflicts. The source of infection is a sick person. The infection is transmitted through close contact with a patient, through violation of personal hygiene rules, and in the presence of purulent foci. In order to correctly and competently prescribe treatment, it is very important to examine the baby. Depending on the characteristics of the baby, they are prescribed various drugs. And, if in one situation they are effective, then in another they can only worsen the condition. For this reason, in conditions of remote communication, I cannot prescribe treatment.

Question:Hello. About ten days ago, my child (4 years old) developed small watery pimples in the nose area, which turned into a weeping pink spot, around which watery pimples appeared again. We were first diagnosed with herpes and prescribed treatment with acyclovir (ointment and tablets). The treatment didn't help. At the next appointment, the pediatrician suspected streptoderma or chickenpox. She didn’t change the treatment, she just said that the newly appeared rashes should be smeared with brilliant green. Now my eldest daughter (7 years old) has started to have the same pimples, but not only on her face, but also in some places on her body. Both children had chickenpox three years ago. Please tell me what is it - herpes, streptodeomia, or did we get chickenpox again, and how should we be treated correctly?

Answer: Hello. According to your description, it looks like streptoderma, but also herpes infection cannot be excluded. Coloring substances will help: FUKORTsIN, METHYLENE BLUE, CASTELLANI PAINT, or, in extreme cases, brilliant green. Apply dyes and acyclovir ointment on top; do not bathe children so as not to spread the infection.

Question:Hello. I was prescribed lincomycin ointment to treat streptoderma; pharmacies say that it has been discontinued. What can replace it?

Answer: Hello. To treat streptoderma, treatment of elements with aniline dyes, as well as the use of antibacterial ointments, is prescribed. Unfortunately, I have no right to give advice on replacement; this is the prerogative of the treating doctor.

Streptoderma in children is a group of skin infectious diseases caused by the bacterium streptococcus. This infection is contagious and can be transmitted through household contact through clothing, dishes, toys and other items belonging to a sick child.

Most often, streptoderma affects children aged 2 to 7 years. This is explained by the physiological characteristics of the skin of babies and the imperfection of its protective functions. The disease manifests itself when streptococcus gets on damaged skin (through scratches, insect bites) and is characterized by the formation of round purulent elements. The favorite place of localization of streptococcus is the face, neck, arms, legs, armpits and groin area.

There are several main routes of transmission:

1. Contact. Infection occurs through direct contact of the carrier with damaged skin of the child (with joint games, hugs).
2. Contact and household. The disease is transmitted through personal items (towels, dishes, clothes, shared toys).
3. Airborne. This route of infection is quite rare and develops when the pathogen comes into contact with a child’s damaged skin when the carrier coughs or sneezes.

The main factors provoking the development of streptoderma are skin damage and contamination with pathogenic microorganisms.

Skin damage in children occurs due to injuries (cuts, abrasions), insect bites, scratching of the skin as a result of inflammatory skin diseases (scabies, urticaria). At the same time skin loses its protective functions and wounds become entry points for infection. Streptococci, when they enter a damaged area of ​​the skin, are activated and cause inflammation that is prone to persistence.

Streptococci are considered conditionally pathogenic microorganisms; they are constantly present on mucous membranes, skin, respiratory tract and the human gastrointestinal tract. Microorganisms are quite resistant to environmental influences. They can survive on household items for months, tolerate drying well, and even when exposed to disinfectant solutions they do not die immediately. Only boiling kills streptococcus instantly.

The microorganism can cause many diseases: abscesses, diseases of the ENT organs (sore throat, tonsillitis), respiratory tract diseases (pneumonia, bronchitis). The source of the infection is a sick child; you can become infected with streptoderma in children's groups ( kindergarten, school, sports sections). The incubation period of the disease ranges from 2 to 10 days.

In some cases, streptoderma manifests itself as a severe, persistent course with regularly recurring relapses. This happens as a result of the following factors:

• With decreased immunity. A persistent course of the disease is observed in weakened, premature children suffering from anemia, helminthic infestations and chronic infectious diseases.
• For chronic skin diseases (scabies, pediculosis, allergic dermatitis).
• At chronic diseases ENT organs (rhinitis, otitis), when constant discharge from the nose and ears irritate the baby’s delicate skin and lead to inflammation.
• Under the influence of factors external environment(hypothermia, overheating of the body).
• If personal hygiene is insufficient or poor care for the child.

Additional factors that increase the likelihood of developing the disease may include: stressful situations, chronic fatigue, insufficient content in food essential vitamins and minerals. Most often, streptoderma in children appears in summer time, which is associated with increased sweating, insect bites, and skin injuries from falls.

Symptoms of the disease (how streptoderma begins in children)

To prevent the disease from progressing to chronic form, you should apply for it on time medical assistance. To do this you need to know , how streptoderma begins in children, and what are the main symptoms of different forms of the disease.

The first signs of streptoderma are the appearance on the skin of pink vesicular rashes filled with clear serous fluid. After opening the blisters, the affected areas are covered with a specific dry crust yellow. The spread of the rash is accompanied severe itching. When scratching the lesions, the infection spreads and invades new areas of the skin.

Streptoderma on the face of a child is most often localized on the nose, cheeks and lips. In severe cases, there is a deterioration in health and symptoms of intoxication: weakness, increased body temperature, fever, enlarged lymph nodes. Children complain of headache and muscle pain, nausea, and lack of appetite. Let's consider the main symptoms characteristic of certain types of streptoderma.

• . The most common, classic form of the disease. Characteristic rashes appear on the face, hands and feet. This form of streptoderma is the most limited, since the pathogen does not penetrate beyond the surface layer of the skin, which retains its protective functions and includes local mechanisms to limit inflammation. Appearance the skin practically does not change, only against the background of redness do individual vesicular elements (phlytenes) appear, filled clear liquid. Their appearance is accompanied by itching. Soon the liquid becomes cloudy, the bubble opens, dries out and becomes covered with a yellow crust. After removing the crust, pigmented spots remain on the skin, which disappear over time. The duration of the process is from 5 to 7 days. But if a child scratches the itchy elements, the pathogen spreads to healthy areas of the skin, the risk of complications increases and recovery is delayed for 3-4 weeks.
• Bullous impetigo. It has a severe course, requiring timely intensive treatment. The rash most often occurs on the skin of the upper and lower extremities. The elements of the rash look like large blisters (bullas) filled with serous contents. The inflammatory process is much stronger, accompanied by constant itching and deterioration of well-being. The child has weakness, fever, and inflammation of the lymph nodes. After opening the blisters filled with serous-purulent fluid, open weeping erosions remain.
• Slit impetigo(jam). Skin lesions occur in the corners of the mouth, less often in the folds of the wings of the nose and near the palpebral fissure. The disease begins with the appearance of a single phlyctena (bubble element), which has no tendency to spread and is quite easily treated, causing only temporary discomfort. After opening the bottle, it quickly dries out and becomes crusty. In some cases, due to a lack of vitamins, poor nutrition or poor hygiene, the course of the disease can become chronic and be accompanied by severe itching and salivation due to the inability to open the mouth, with the rash located in the corners of the lips.
• Superficial panaritium (tourniole). The skin around the nail folds is affected. The pathogen penetrates the skin of the fingers as a result of scratching the vesicular elements on the face and other parts of the body. The skin around the nail plate becomes swollen, inflamed, painful, erosions and blistering rashes appear on its surface. In severe cases inflammatory process can lead to complete rejection of the nail plate. Superficial panaritium requires timely and intensive treatment.
• Dry streptoderma. Most often appears on the face. This form of the disease is not characterized by the appearance of weeping areas; the affected skin becomes dry, reddish itchy spots appear on it, covered with whitish, flaky scales. This form of streptoderma causes less discomfort, but is no less contagious and requires isolation of the child from the group and adequate treatment.
• Streptococcal diaper rash. Manifests itself as a secondary streptococcal infection, which occurs against the background of diaper rash, allergic, diaper dermatitis. The rash appears in the folds of the skin and in the area behind the ears. The nature of the disease is characterized by a persistent course. Bubble elements tend to merge and further spread; after their opening, painful cracks are formed that are difficult to treat.
• Streptococcal ecthyma. The most severe form, which is characterized by damage to the deep layers of the skin, with the formation of ulcers. Most frequent place localization - buttocks, skin of the arms and lower extremities. Occurs after infectious diseases (measles, chickenpox, intestinal infections) against the background of decreased immunity. In addition, it can be a complication of diseases such as diabetes, metabolic disorders, blood diseases, and hypovitaminosis. It is accompanied by a deterioration in general condition and requires serious and long-term treatment.

Regardless of the shape and location of the rash, streptoderma requires proper and timely treatment. It is necessary to consult a dermatologist and pediatrician. Specialists will conduct research to clarify the diagnosis and tell how to treat streptoderma in children.

Diagnosis of the disease

For diagnosis by an experienced pediatrician or pediatric dermatologist A visual inspection is usually sufficient. In doubtful cases, a microflora culture is carried out, the sensitivity of the pathogen to antibiotics is determined, which will allow successful therapy. In severe cases, it is necessary to do general and biochemical analysis blood and urine, donate feces for eggworm testing.

Streptoderma will need to be differentiated from diseases that have similar symptoms: herpes, candidiasis, chicken pox, allergic rash. Only a competent specialist can do this.

Treatment of streptoderma in children

Any form of the disease requires timely treatment, since the disease is contagious and tends to rapid spread, damage to large areas of the skin and can provoke such serious autoimmune diseases as damage to the kidneys, joints, and cardiovascular system.

Complex therapy of the disease includes systemic treatment with drugs and external treatment with local drugs.

Systemic treatment

Well systemic therapy involves prescribing penicillin antibiotics:

• amoxiclav,
• amoxicillin,
• flemoxin solutab.

In addition, the use of macrolides (erythromycin, sumamed) and cephalosporins (ciprofloxacin, suprax) is indicated if the child is immune to penicillins or suffers from an allergic reaction to them.

At the same time as these medications, the child is prescribed probiotics to maintain normal intestinal microflora. To strengthen protective forces The body is advised to take vitamin-mineral complexes. In severe cases, the use of immunomodulatory drugs is recommended.

Local therapy

Local treatment consists of treating the affected surfaces, which contain antibacterial components. As antiseptics apply:

• Hydrogen peroxide
• Salicylic alcohol
• Boric acid
• Fukortsin
• Zelenka, iodine, potassium permanganate

The drugs are applied to the lesions with a cotton swab, covering the surrounding area. After treatment, the child may feel pain and burning for some time, the discomfort should be tolerated, it will soon pass. After treatment with an antiseptic, an antibiotic ointment (erythromycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, lincomycin) is applied to the lesions.

For mild forms of streptoderma, you can treat the skin zinc ointment and chloramphenicol, they have a pronounced antiseptic and disinfectant effect and prevent the development of complications. To treat foci of streptoderma on the face, lapis (silver nitrate) is used. Good result gives the use of zinc talker, it has an anti-inflammatory effect and dries out wet areas.

In severe cases, and only as prescribed by a doctor, use antibacterial ointments with hormones:

These drugs have a powerful anti-inflammatory and healing effect, effectively eliminate itching and prevent the appearance of further rashes. They should be used in short courses, since such remedies have serious side effects.

During the entire course of treatment, mandatory hygiene measures must be observed:

For the entire period of treatment, it is recommended to adhere to therapeutic diet consisting of light and nutritious dishes. It is recommended to increase the consumption of fresh fruits, vegetable salads with vegetable oil, fermented milk products. You should avoid fatty, spicy foods, rich broths, sweets, flour and confectionery, chocolate, sweet carbonated drinks.

Treatment of streptoderma in children with folk remedies at home

In addition to the main course of therapy, parents can treat the child traditional methods. Good effect allows the use of compresses, applications and lotions from decoctions medicinal herbs with antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties.

Disease prevention

Since streptoderma is a contagious disease, it is necessary to isolate the baby from the children's team; a 10-day quarantine is imposed on everyone who has contact with the sick child.

During treatment, careful adherence to hygiene measures, processing and disinfection of the child’s personal belongings, dishes, and toys is required. This is done to prevent family members from becoming infected and further spreading the infection.

Any skin purulent-inflammatory diseases that are caused are classified in medicine as streptoderma . For the disease to begin its development, only two factors are needed - the presence of streptococci and damage to areas of the skin in which there is a decrease in the protective function. Most often, the disease in question is diagnosed in childhood - this is due to frequent skin damage at this age and the inability to constantly monitor compliance with personal hygiene rules.

Streptococci

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These are conditionally pathogenic microorganisms with which a person is constantly in contact - they “live” in the human gastrointestinal tract, on the skin, in the respiratory tract, and on all mucous membranes. Every person periodically becomes a carrier of streptococci; there are people who belong to the group of permanent carriers of these pathogenic microorganisms. But the interesting thing is that streptococcus, which is the causative agent of streptoderma, is always accompanied by staphylococcus.

Streptococci have amazing “survivability” - they instantly die only when boiled, but at a temperature of 60 degrees Celsius, streptococcus continues to live for another 30 minutes; in chemicals, these microorganisms die only after 15 minutes.

The pathogenic microorganism in question can cause a person to develop not only streptoderma, but also myocarditis and other diseases.

How does streptoderma begin in children?

If the skin performs its protective functions 100%, then streptococci do not cause any problems to a person at all. But even a slight damage to the skin disrupts the protective functions, the wound becomes a “gateway” for infection - streptoderma develops. As a rule, the disease in question begins its development in places of scratches and rashes, insect bites (they are scratched), cuts and abrasions. Even if streptoderma occurs without visible damage to the skin, this means that the injuries are simply invisible to the eye - they are microscopic, but sufficient for infection.

As soon as streptococci enter the damaged area of ​​the skin, they begin to actively multiply and provoke the development of an inflammatory process that is not so easy to treat.

Streptococcus can enter an area of ​​damaged skin from a variety of places:

• toys, dishes, towels and any household items;
• from a patient with streptoderma, tonsillitis, scarlet fever, ;
• from the skin of the child himself;
• from a carrier who is healthy and does not have any diseases.

If the development of streptoderma is associated with infection from an already sick person, then the course of the disease will be more rapid, aggressive and prolonged. Often streptoderma occurs as an epidemic - this usually happens in places with large concentrations of children (kindergartens, schools, public organizations). The incubation period of the disease in question is 2-10 days, it all depends on how strong immune system in a child.

In medicine, there are only three types of routes of infection for streptoderma:

• contact-household – toys, dishes, towels, bed linen, shoes, clothes;
• contact – hugs of a sick child, kisses, close contact during play;
• airborne – streptococcus gets on the child’s skin when an already sick baby sneezes or coughs.

Please note: airborne infection is so rare that doctors most often do not notice it.

What is the reason for the long course of streptoderma?

In case of strong immunity and general health In a child, streptococci simply do not develop on the skin - the body copes with these pathogenic microorganisms on its own. But there are factors that contribute to the fact that the course of streptoderma will be long, severe and with frequent relapses. Such provoking factors include:

• diagnosed helminthiases, anemia, hypotriphia, general intoxication of the body;
• chronic skin diseases – allergic reactions;
• and – discharge from the ears and nose is irritating to the skin;
• and/or frostbite;
• violation of personal hygiene rules, insufficient child care;
• prolonged contact of damaged areas of the skin with water;
• lack of treatment for skin wounds.

Forms and symptoms of streptoderma

Doctors clearly identify the symptoms of streptoderma - they are general in nature and are inherent in all forms of the disease in question. Signs of streptoderma in childhood:

The duration of the disease is too variable - from 3 to 14 days, it all depends on the individual characteristics of a particular child’s body.

Doctors also identify several forms of the disease in question:

Impetigo streptococcal

This is the most common form of the disease, which is characterized by the appearance of specific rashes on the face, hands, feet and other open areas of the body. Very often diagnosed in childhood nasal streptoderma – it also applies to the form in question.

Streptococcal is often found because in this case the infection does not penetrate into the deep layers of the skin, since its protective functions are still preserved, and local mechanisms of inhibition of the inflammatory process are activated almost instantly in childhood.

Symptoms of streptococcal impetigo:

• the skin does not change in appearance, it may only turn slightly red. At this place a bubble appears with a clear or cloudy liquid inside, bordered by a reddish line;
• the liquid inside the bubble gradually becomes cloudy, then it all bursts, and a light yellow crust forms in place of the bubble;
• after the crust comes off, a pink or bluish spot remains, which disappears without a trace over time.

Please note:The ripening period for each bubble is 5-7 days.

If streptococcal impetigo is noticed on initial stage development, then treatment initiated can stop the development of the disease. But as a rule, such a change in the skin is either simply not noticed or not touched in the hope that everything will “go away on its own.” But the child begins to scratch the resulting crusts (there is itching during healing), liquid flows out of them, literally “stuffed” with streptococci. This liquid gets on healthy areas of the skin, remains on bed linen and clothes - infection continues, and the disease spreads rapidly.

If treatment and hygiene are not carried out correctly, then streptococcal impetigo lasts more than 4 weeks, and in some cases the infection can even cause serious complications.

This form of the disease is considered more severe and requires seeking professional medical help. Distinctive characteristics considered form of streptoderma:

Slit impetigo

This is what people call jams – streptoderma appears in the corners of the mouth; extremely rarely it can appear in the folds of the wings of the nose or the corners of the eyes. As a rule, a single bubble appears; even when opened, slit-like impetigo does not spread.

It is noteworthy that this particular form of the disease in question occurs rapidly and does not manifest itself in any way. additional symptoms and simply causes some discomfort to the patient. Only in extreme in rare cases slit-like impetigo becomes chronic with frequent relapses.

Erythematosquamous streptoderma

This is a dry type of the disease in question, which is most often present on the skin of the face - there are no weeping blisters and red or bluish spots, only pink flaky spots are present in the affected areas.

Erythematosquamous streptoderma does not cause critical discomfort, is not prone to widespread spread, but is contagious - treatment must be complete.

Superficial panaritium

occurs against the background of streptococcal impetigo, but only on the skin around the nail. The site of infection becomes inflamed, becomes red and swollen, characteristic blisters and then crusts appear.

Prolonged course of superficial panaritium can lead to complete rejection of the nail plate. Doctors insist that this form of the disease in question requires intensive treatment.

Diaper rash streptococcal

The peculiarity of this form of streptoderma is a secondary lesion against the background of classic diaper rash. Most often, streptococcal diaper rash occurs in the area behind the ear and in the armpits, folds and groin.

This form of streptoderma is quite difficult to treat, because when crusts form on the skin, cracks appear, maybe once again join streptococcal infection.

Vulgar ecthyma

This is a very severe form of streptoderma, which is characterized by the formation of ulcers and deep erosions. Distinctive characteristics of vulgar ecthyma:

How is streptoderma diagnosed?

An experienced pediatrician or dermatologist will be able to diagnose the disease in question only by external signs. But doctors often conduct scraping tests from affected areas of the skin - this will reveal the sensitivity of the pathogen to antibacterial drugs and quickly begin competent treatment.

In some cases, a specialist may prescribe additional examination of the patient:

How to treat streptoderma in children

Even if streptoderma occurs in a mild form in a child, a full course of treatment is required. There are several activities that form a complex of therapeutic measures.

Personal hygiene

Many parents are sincerely amazed that their child’s streptoderma does not go away even when using specific medicines. This may be due to improper personal hygiene procedures.

Things to remember:

A lot of prescriptions for local treatment of streptoderma in children are no longer valid - many substances have simply been discontinued, many are sold in pharmacies strictly according to prescription. But you can also use modern, very effective means:

Antiseptics must be applied correctly:

• First, the bubble is opened - extremely carefully;
• then, using a cotton swab or cotton pad, apply an antiseptic to the area of ​​the opened vesicle and 1-2 mm around this area;
• you need to wait until the antiseptic has completely dried.

If we talk about folk remedies, then decoctions of chamomile, string and/or oak bark are even approved official medicine– they are used as lotions and for washing wounds.

Please note:It is impossible to treat streptoderma in a child with folk remedies - there is an inflammatory process on the skin, there is a pathogenic microorganism, so you cannot do without medications.

Antibiotics for streptoderma

For streptoderma in children, they are taken orally and externally. But no doctor will prescribe such aggressive medications for isolated manifestations of streptoderma, a mild form of the disease. Antibiotics are prescribed only in extreme cases, when the process cannot be stopped by conventional means, and the child’s condition worsens.

In some cases, doctors even prescribe hormonal drugs, but this is a last resort.

For local treatment, the following antibiotic ointments are used:

Ointments with hormones prescribed in extreme cases:

• Lorinden S;
• Kanizon plus;
• Belogent;
• Triderm;
• Betaderm and others.

If we talk about systemic treatment antibiotics, doctors most often use antibiotics for this penicillin group, cephalosporins or macrolides. Penicillins may not be prescribed if in the recent past the child has already received such treatment for any other disease, or if there is a history of individual intolerance and hypersensitivity to such drugs.

Comparison of streptoderma with other diseases

Even experienced doctors admit that streptoderma is quite easy to confuse with some other skin diseases - at a certain stage of its development it simply takes other forms. But there are some differences - they will help you quickly navigate, set accurate diagnosis and provide effective treatment.

Pyoderma

To be absolutely precise, streptoderma is one of the types of pyoderma - in medicine, all skin pustular diseases of an inflammatory nature belong to the group of pyoderma. But there is also distinguishing feature specifically the disease in question - the contents of streptoderma vesicles are never purulent, only serous. Even if there is some presence of pus in the liquid, it is minimal and does not make the contents cloudy.

The greatest similarity is observed between pyoderma and vulgar impetigo - the symptoms are almost the same, even the treatment will be identical. It is important at this moment to accurately determine the type of causative agent of the disease and select the correct antibacterial agents for the course of treatment.

Herpes

The main difference between and seizures is that with the disease in question, the course of the disease is rapid, the affected area is located precisely at the corner of the mouth, and spread to healthy tissue is not observed.

Interestingly, older children may notice the itching that appears on clean skin - this is a harbinger of herpes. But when eating, itching appears only after the external manifestation of the disease.

Candidiasis of the corners of the mouth

In principle, this disease is easy to differentiate - the cracks in the affected areas are deep, and there is a plaque characteristic of thrush.

Chicken pox

Since the first rashes with this disease usually appear on the skin of the face and head, in the first hours you can mistake chickenpox for streptoderma. However, after a few hours, other characteristic signs begin to appear - it is almost impossible to confuse it with streptoderma.

Allergic rash

Even some experienced pediatricians may confuse the disease in question with a banal allergy. No, when the bubbles of streptoderma have already fully formed and begin to burst, making a diagnosis will not be difficult at all, but you can also conduct a short test earlier: when you press on an allergic rash, the skin turns white; with streptoderma, no such changes in the color of the skin are observed.

Please note:is also very similar to streptoderma, so to differentiate the diagnosis, the doctor may refer the child for testing for syphilis.

Preventive measures

Since the disease in question is contagious, the sick child is quarantined for 10 days. It is very important to introduce such a quarantine in a preschool institution, school or clubs and sports palaces - during these very 10 days, symptoms of streptoderma may appear in other children.

As for the family, here it is also necessary to carry out prevention in case of an already sick child - it all comes down to observing the rules of personal hygiene.

If we talk about general prevention, we can highlight the intake of vitamin and mineral complexes, strict adherence to the rules of personal hygiene and strengthening the immune system.

Streptoderma – unpleasant disease causing discomfort to the child. But there are a lot of modern medications that significantly alleviate the child’s condition and contribute to a faster recovery.

Tsygankova Yana Aleksandrovna, medical observer, therapist of the highest qualification category

Reading time: 7 minutes

Streptococcal dermatitis is a contagious disease that provokes the entry of opportunistic microorganisms into the blood. According to statistics, children are more susceptible to infection with streptococci than others. To prevent a massive outbreak of the disease and protect your child from infection, find out what symptoms accompany streptoderma in children, what ointments and antibiotics are prescribed for the treatment of skin diseases.

What is streptoderma in children

Streptococcal pyoderma is an infectious skin disease caused by damage to the surface layer of the epidermis. Initially, the affected areas of the body are covered with purulent nodules, which quickly spread to other parts of the body and eventually turn into honey-yellow crusts. According to statistics, children from 2 to 9 years old are susceptible to the disease; adults are less likely to suffer from this type of dermatitis; streptoderma is extremely rare in newborns.

Symptoms

To prevent an outbreak of infection, it is important to recognize the symptoms in time and isolate the patient from peers. Streptococcal dermatitis in children is characterized by rashes, skin itching, the appearance of a dry crust. In addition, in children's body Streptoderma occurs with the following symptoms:

• increase in body temperature to 38-39 degrees;
• general weakness, loss of strength, apathy;
• headaches and muscle pain;
• attacks of nausea and vomiting;
• aching joints;
• enlarged and painful lymph nodes.

How to distinguish herpes from streptoderma

Streptococcal dermatitis can begin with the appearance of small-sized phlyctenes - blisters filled with cloudy contents. Because of this, it is often confused with herpes and is not treated. However, these diseases have significant differences:

• Zaeda differs from herpes in the rapid opening of capsules with liquid; with herpes, the blisters remain on the lips much longer;
• streptoderma in a child develops around an already affected area of ​​the skin, and herpes affects healthy skin;
• with herpes, itching appears much earlier than conflicts, while with streptoderma, itching will begin only after the appearance of the rash.

Reasons

While the skin remains intact and unharmed, it performs a barrier function, protecting the body from pathogenic microbes. With any, even the slightest, damage, the skin loses these functions, opening the entrance gate to streptococci and staphylococci. As a rule, streptoderma occurs as a result of improper or insufficient disinfection of wounds, cuts, bites, and at the site of allergic rashes. There are several ways of infection:

• Contact – when the skin healthy person comes into contact with a carrier of the infection.
• Contact household - germs are transmitted through shared objects (towels, toys, dishes).
• Airborne - when pathogenic microorganisms enter wounds directly when a patient coughs or sneezes.

Causative agent of streptoderma

Streptococci are considered opportunistic microorganisms that begin to actively reproduce only when comfortable conditions are created. At the same time, staphylococcus is often associated with hemolytic streptococcus, which is the direct causative agent of streptoderma. Both microorganisms are resistant to environment: They tolerate heat and dry conditions well, and can survive on household items for a long time. If it enters the human body, the incubation period will last from 5 to 7 days.

Species

Depending on the location of the rash, doctors identify several forms of streptoderma, which are often found in children:

• Streptococcal impetigo affects the arms, face, feet, and hands. With this form, itching often appears, and when scratching, the number of infectious skin rashes on the body increases.
• Bullous impetigo - rashes appear only on the feet, hands or legs. With this form of the disease, erosions often occur on the body.
• Slit-like impetigo is diagnosed with streptococcal lesions of the eyes, corners of the mouth, and wings of the nose. In the photo this form may look like a jam.
• Erythematosquamous or dry streptoderma - foci of streptoderma are localized on the face, scalp, and torso.
• Streptoderma nail plates Diagnosed when blisters appear around the damaged nail.
• Intertriginous diaper rash - the disease occurs against the background of atopic or allergic dermatitis.
• Vulgar ecthyma is characterized by the localization of foci of infection on the buttocks, back, and lower extremities.

Stages

Based on the degree of damage to the dermis and the presence characteristic features, doctors can determine several stages of streptoderma development:

• bullous - when red spots form on the surface of the skin, which within a day develop into a bubble with a bright red rim and purulent-serous fluid;
• nonbulous - characterized by deep skin lesions, poorly healing wounds and the appearance of ulcers;
• chronic disease - caused by the episodic appearance of weeping purulent rashes, after opening which a yellow flaky crust appears on the body.

Diagnostics

A pediatric dermatologist will be able to make the correct diagnosis after a visual examination. When in doubt, or to determine correct tactics During treatment, the child will be prescribed additional tests:

• feces for the presence of helminthic infestations;
• general, biochemical blood test;
• urine test;
• Wasserman reaction test;
• microscopy of a smear from the site of inflammation;
• bacteriological culture.

Treatment of streptoderma in children

After confirming the diagnosis, the doctor will prescribe ointments based on sulfuric acid, zinc or other antimicrobial components, the use of antiseptic solutions, and physiotherapy sessions. To eliminate the infection and suppress the growth of streptococci, antibiotics are prescribed to the sick baby. It is important not only to know how to treat streptoderma on a child’s face and body, but also to take into account the following rules in the process:

1. Do not wash for the first 3-4 days, do not wet the affected areas of the body with water.
2. Regularly wipe the skin with antiseptic solutions or herbal decoctions.
3. Streptoderma is contagious. To prevent the spread of infection, you need to provide your child with separate toys and dishes.
4. Clean the room and change bed linen more often in patients with streptoderma.

Treatment with drugs

To eliminate inflammation, boost immunity and eliminate unpleasant symptoms, the following is prescribed:

• Zyrtec, Zodak, Fenistil are antiallergic drugs. These medications effectively eliminate itching and swelling. Prescribed for allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, hay fever and allergic dermatoses. Not recommended for use by children under 6 years of age.
• Genferon, Viferon are medications that regulate local immunity. These drugs have minimal contraindications and can be used to treat streptoderma in newborns.

Antibiotics for streptoderma

The doctor may offer several options to choose from on how to treat streptoderma in children, but often they all include the use of antibiotics. This group of medications helps stop the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms and get rid of the consequences of their vital activity. For streptoderma, antibiotics are prescribed:

• Azithromycin is a drug from the macrolide group, effective in the treatment of impetigo and erysipelas. The medicine is available in the form of tablets or sweet syrup, which is convenient when treating young children. The medicine should not be given to children with impaired liver or kidney function.
• Ceftriaxone is an antibiotic from the group of celofasporins. Prescribed for skin diseases caused by staphylococcus. You can use an antibiotic from the first days of a child’s life. The drug has minimal contraindications, but sometimes allergic reactions occur and dry skin is possible.

Ointment

Included complex therapy Streptoderma often uses topical agents - ointment or cream, which contain antibacterial components. Local drugs of action are:

• Zinc or salicylic ointment– preparations with a softening and protective effect. They have an astringent, anti-inflammatory and drying effect. Both drugs cause almost no side effects, but are contraindicated for purulent streptoderma.
• Baneocin is a combined antimicrobial powder for external use containing two antibiotics. The medicine is effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In rare cases, it can cause side effects - redness, dry skin, allergies.

Folk remedies

In combination with systemic antibacterial therapy, it is possible to treat streptoderma in children at home. The following folk recipes will be effective:

• To relieve itching and irritation, prepare an ointment. To do this, mix 50 grams of honey, 50 ml pomegranate juice. It is recommended to smear the product onto a dry area of ​​skin 2-3 times a day.
• To heal ulcers and peel off scabs, it is recommended to make an infusion of walnut leaves. Take 2 spoons of crushed leaves. Pour 300 ml of boiling water, let it brew for 2 hours. To cure streptoderma, apply tampons to the inflammation for 15 minutes 2 times a day.

Complications

With proper treatment started in a timely manner, streptoderma rarely causes serious complications. However, in severe cases of the disease, chronic diseases may worsen or secondary diseases may appear, for example, guttate psoriasis. In addition, streptococcal pathogens can cause scarlet fever, sore throat, and pneumonia. Some of the dangerous, but rare, complications are: septicemia - blood poisoning by bacteria and streptococcal glomerulonephritis - kidney damage.

Prevention

In the future, to prevent relapses, you need to provide the sick child with a balanced diet and monitor hygiene. To increase children's immunity, doctors recommend spending time in the fresh air more often, enrolling your child in a swimming pool, and buying vitamin complexes at the pharmacy. In case of skin damage, the wounds should be carefully and carefully treated with disinfectants.

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